Lab Manual for Application for

Mobile Devices

Lab No. 4
Basic Event Handling

Objectives

The purpose of this lab is to familiarize with basics of event handling

 LAB # 04
Basic Event Handling

Introduction

In android application we have two important files Layout files or .xml file and Activity or .java
files. Xml files are used to design a UI for our app whereas .java file is used to write
functionality or logics. By default, we have MainActivity.java files under the Java folder in
project directory and activity_main.xml file under layout folder of res directory. To clearly
understand open android studio, create new project and apply following Examples:

Buttons

A button consists of text or an icon (or both text and an icon) that communicates what action
occurs when the user touches it.

Depending on whether you want a button with text, an icon, or both, you can create the button in
your layout in three ways:

1. With text, using the Button class:

<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="send" />

2. With an icon, using the ImageButton class:

<ImageButton
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="@drawable/icon"
android:contentDescription="@string/icon" />
 3. With text and an icon, using the Button class with the android:drawableRight attribute:
<Button
android:layout_width="116dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:backgroundTint="#ffffff"
android:drawableRight="@drawable/next_icon"
android:text="Next" />

Responding to Click Events

When the user clicks a button, the Button object receives an on-click event.

To define the click event handler for a button, add the android:onClick attribute to the <Button>
element in your XML layout. The value for this attribute must be the name of the method you
want to call in response to a click event. The Activity hosting the layout must then implement the
corresponding method.

For example, here's a layout with a button using android:onClick:

public void sendMessage(View view) {

// Do something in response to button click
}

The method you declare in the android:onClick attribute must have a signature exactly as shown
above. Specifically, the method must:

 Be public
 Return void
 Define a View as its only parameter (this will be the View that was clicked)

EXAMPLE 01:

.xml Code:
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_send"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="send"
android:onClick="sendMessage"/>

.java Code:
package com.example.basiceventhandling;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}

public void sendMessage(View view) {

// Do something in response to button click
}

Apply toast on button click event:

A toast provides simple feedback about an operation in a small popup. It only fills the amount of
space required for the message and the current activity remains visible and interactive. Toasts
automatically disappear after a timeout.

For example, clicking Send on an email triggers a "Sending message..." toast, as shown in the
following screen capture:
First, instantiate a Toast object with one of the makeText() methods. This method takes three
parameters: the application Context, the text message, and the duration for the toast. It returns a
properly initialized Toast object. You can display the toast notification with show(), as shown in
the following example:

.Java File:
import android.widget.Toast;

public void sendMessage(View view) {

Toast T = Toast.makeText(this,"You just ToastButton" ,

Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);
T.show();
}

Positioning your Toast

A standard toast notification appears near the bottom of the screen, centered horizontally. You
can change this position with the setGravity(int, int, int) method. This accepts three parameters: a
Gravity constant, an x-position offset, and a y-position offset.
For example, if you decide that the toast should appear in the top-left corner, you can set the
gravity like this:

T.setGravity(0,0,0);

Using an OnClickListener:
You can also declare the click event handler programmatically rather than in an XML layout.
This might be necessary if you instantiate the Button at runtime or you need to declare the click
behavior in a Fragment subclass.
To declare the event handler programmatically, create an View.OnClickListener object and
assign it to the button by calling setOnClickListener(View.OnClickListener). For example:

.xml Code:
<Button
android:id="@+id/button_text1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@color/colorAccent"
android:text="My Button 1"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:textSize="15sp"
/>

.java Code:

import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private Button getButtonText;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
getButtonText = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_text1);

getButtonText.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Result: " +
getButtonText.getText().toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
});

Time Boxing
Activity Name Activity Time Total Time
 Login Systems + Setting up android studio 3 mints + 5 mints 8 mints
Environment

Walk through Theory & Tasks 60 mints 60 mints

Implement Tasks 80 mints 80 mints

Evaluation Time 30 mints 30 mints

Total Duration 178 mints

Objectives/Outcomes

The purpose of this lab is to familiarize with basic of Android studio IDE
• Understanding Linear Layout

Lab Tasks/Practical Work

1. Create an application which can display a Toast message by pressing a button.

2. Create an application having three buttons. Bind those buttons with the same callback
method. On pressing any button, identify which button was pressed.
3. Create an application which takes a string message from user and create a toast of it on
pressing button. Your GUI must look as follows:

4. Create a calculator application for two integers. The output must look as follows