LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS

I. Learning Objectives
A. Content Standard:

B. Performance Standard
II. Learning Competencies: At the end of the lesson, the students are expected
to;
1.State and Illustrate the Laws of Exponent;
2.Apply the Laws of Exponent in multiplying and dividing polynomials by a
monomial; and
3.Solve problems involving polynomials.
Learning Content: The Laws of Exponent and Multipying and Divinding of Polynomials by
a Monomial.
Reference:
GAD:
III. Learning Tasks:
A. Presentation of the lesson:
1. Review:
Simplify the ff.
1. 7 a+ 4 b+ 3 a−2 b
2. (8 p3 +2 p 2)−(5 p3−7 p2 )
2. Motivation:
Try it:Analyze the ff.and give the correct answer.
1. a 4
2. x 2 x 3
3. 23
B.Lesson Proper:
1. Discussion of the Lesson
 The Laws of Exponent
 Exponents are powerful tools in the study of algebra. It tells the number of times the
base is to be used as a factor. It also a convenient way to express repeated
multiplication. For instance.
5 4
3 =3• 3• 3 •3 •3=243 7 =7 •7 • 7• 7=2 401
In 35 ,3 is the base, 5 is the exponent and 243 is the 5 th power of 3. In 7 4 , 7 is the base, 4
is the exponent and 2401 is the 4 th power of 7.
 Exponents are often encountered in expressing numbers of extreme values. There are
properties which aid in the study of exponents. These properties are referred to as the
laws of exponents.
A. Product Rule: When the two bases are the same, write the base and ADD the
exponents: x m + x n=x m+n
 Examples:

2 6 4
1. x • x • x =x
12
2. 24 •23 =27 3. ( x 2 y ) ( x 3 y 4 ) =x5 y 5
 B. Quotient Rule: When the two bases are the same, write the base and SUBTRACT
xm
the exponents: n
=x m−n
x
 Examples:
5 2 5 5 4 2
x 2 x y 2 15 x y 5 x
 1. 3
=x 2. 3
=x y 3. 3 7 = 3
x xy 3x y y
C. Power Rule: To Raise the power to another power, write the base and MULTIPLY
the exponents:
m n mn
( x ) =x

 Examples:
 1. ¿ ¿ 2. ¿
D. Power of a Product: ¿
 Examples:
 1. ¿ 2. ¿
n
x
E. Power of a Quotient: ¿= n
y
 Examples:
 1. ¿
F. Zero Exponent Rule: Any base (except 0) raised to the zero power is equal to
one: x 0=1
 Examples:
0
 1. 10 =1 2. m0=1
G. Negative Exponents: If a factor is the numerator or denominator is moved
across the fraction bar, the sign of the exponent is change.
−2 1
 Example: 1. x = 2
x
Multiplication and Division of Polynomials
When multiplying polynomials, specifically two monomials use the commutative and associative
properties along with the laws of exponents.
Example 1. Multiply
A. (5 b2 ¿(4 b) B. (−3 x 2 y )(−12 x3 y 2)
Solution:
First, multiply the numerical coefficients, then multiply the literal coefficient by applying the
laws of exponents.

B. (5 b2 ¿(4 b) B. (−3 x 2 y )(−12 x3 y 2)

2 3 2
(5•4¿ ¿ ¿) = 20 b3 (−3 •−12)( x • x )( y • y )
36(x 5 y 3) = 36 x 5 y 3
Example 2: Multiply

A. 4 ( 2 x 4 + 4 x 2−5 )
4 (2 x 4) + 4( x 2) – 4(5)
= 8 x 4 + 16 x 2– 20
 B. Linda bought 5x dozen of eggs and one dozen cost 120x, how much did Linda pay to
the seller?

In dividing polynomial by a monomial, divide out the common factors that occur in the dividend
and divisor. (REMEMBER: Always simplify the resulting fractions)
Examples
18 x 5 6 x−18 y +27 z
2 2
A. 3 B.
6x 3 xyz
5
18 x 2 6 x 18 y 27 z 2
2
= • 3 =3 x ¿ − +
6 x 3 xyz 3 xyz 3 xyz
2 6 y 9z
¿ − +
yz xz xy
C. The total grade of Nena for the 1st quarter is 9 y 6−15 y 5 + 4 y . If she will divide this by
3
3 y . What is the average grade of Nena?

C. Wrap Up:
1. Describe and illustrate at least one Laws of Exponent.
2.Explain how to multiply and divide polynomials by a monomial?
3. How are polynomials used in real life?
D.Application:
1.If you were given an opportunity to become an engineer, how will you apply your knowledge
in polynomials to your chosen career?
E. Evaluation:
A. Activity 1: TRUE or FALSE: Write T if the statement is TRUE and write F if it is FALSE.
_______1. 3 4 • 32=38 _______6. m3 • m2 •2 m4 = 29
_______2. 25 • 22=4 7 _______7. ¿
x12 y 7 11 4
_______3. ¿ ¿ _______8. =x y
x y3
−6 1
_______4. 100000 00 = 1 _______9. x = 6
x
3
7
_______5. 3 =1 _______10. x 12 • x 6 • x 4=7 x 22
7
B. Solve of ff.
1. 7a (3 a3 + 4 a2 −5)
9 m3+18 m 2−12 m
2.
3m
B. Sample word problem
 In your science class you’ve learned that the volume of a rectangular-shaped objects can be
measured by multiplying its length, width and thickness or height, while the density of an object
is equal to the mass divided by the volume of the object. Suppose an object has a height of
(8x)cm, its width is (5x)cm and a thickness of (2x)cm, with a mass of ( 2 x2 )g. Find the volume and
density of the object.
IV. Assignment:
1. How to find the product of two binomials, sum and difference of two terms, square of a
binomial and cube of a binomial?