My First Incredible,

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iguana
=s4 An iguana is a large lizard with a long
tail and a ridge of spines along its back.
Iguanas live in trees.

Reptiles
imaginary
=s4 Imaginary things
are not real. They start
as pictures or ideas in
your mind. Dragons
and unicorns are
im aginary creatures.
injection
When you are given
an injection, a special
needle is pricked into
your skin, and medicine
is pushed through it.

Medical words
inj ure
=s4 To injure yourself
is to hurt yourself. This
boy has injured his
ankle in an accident.

Medical words
insect Types o f animals

=s4 An insect is
a tiny animal
with six legs.
Most insects
have wings.

Insects
inside
=s4 When something
is inside, it is closed
in by walls or sides.
This puppy is inside
its kennel.

Opposites
instrument
An instrument makes musical
sounds. Trumpets, drums, and
violins are instruments.

Musical instruments
invent
=s4 To invent is to make
something that did not
exist before. An inventor
invents things.

o
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Birthday parties
i

=s4 To invite someone

is to ask them to a
party or another
special event. An
invitation is the card
that you send.
iron Around the house

=s4 An iron is a
tool that takes
the wrinkles out
o f clothes.
island
=s4 An island
is an area of
land with
water all
around it.

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Landforms
ivy
=s4 Ivy is a plant
that grows up walls
and trees.

Plants
ABC
The alphabet
j acket
=g4 A jacket is a short
coat. This boy’s jacket
matches his jeans.

*te
M y clothes
jaguar
A jaguar is a
large, wild cat with
a spotted coat.

W ildcats
jam
=n4 Jam is a sweet,
sticky food that you
spread on bread. It is
made by boiling fruit
with sugar.
jar
=s4 A jar is a glass
container with a
wide neck and a lid.
jaw
=n4 Your jaw is the bony
part o f your mouth that
holds your teeth. You
move your lower jaw
when you chew.
Face words
jeans
=s4 Jeans are
trousers made out of
strong cotton cloth.

Me
M y clothes
jellyfish
=s4 A jellyfish is an
animal that lives in
the ocean. Jellyfish
have soft bodies and
long tentacles.

Ocean animals
j ewel Jewellery

=e4 A jewel is a
precious stone,
such as a diamond
o ra ruby. Jewels
are used to make
sparkling jewellery.
n
Scene o f a crime
jigsaw puzzle
A jigsaw puzzle is a
picture cut into pieces.
You fit the pieces
together to make up
the picture again.

Toys
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judo
=s4 Judo is a sport
in which people
fight using special
holds and throws.

Sports
jug
=e4 A jug is a
container with
a handle and
a spout for
pouring liquids.
juggle
=s4 To juggle is to keep
several objects in the
air by throwing and
catching them quickly.
A juggler is a person
who can juggle.
juice
=e4 Juice is the
liquid that comes
out o f fruit.
jump
=e4 To jump is to
leap into the air so
that both feet
leave the ground.

Action words
kangaroo
A kangaroo is an
animal with powerful
back legs, which it uses
for jumping. A female
kangaroo carries her
baby in her pouch.
karate
=s4 Karate is a
sport in which
people fight
using kicks and
hand chops.

Sports
key Around the house

=s4 A key is a
metal tool used
for locking and
unlocking doors.
kick
To kick
is to hit with
your foot.

Action words
king
A king is a man
who is head of a
country. Kings often
live in palaces.

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Storybook words
kiss
=s4 To kiss is to
touch someone
with your lips.
kitchen dal tgi
In the kitchen

=g4 A kitchen is a room

where food is cooked.
kite
=s4 A kite is a toy
that you fly in the
wind. Kites are made
from fabric or paper
stretched over a very
light frame.

Toys
kitten
=s^ A kitten is
a young cat.

Baby animals
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knee
=s4 Your knee is that
joint in the middle of
your leg. Your legs
bend at the knee.
kneel
=s4 To kneel is to
rest on one or both
o f your knees.
knife
=s^ A knife is a tool with
sharp blade. Knives are
used for cutting things.
knight Storybook words

Knights lived
hundreds o f years ago.
They were men who
travelled around on
horseback, protecting
their lord or king.
knit
=s4 To knit is to knot
wool or yarn to make
clothes, such as a
jumper or a scarf. You
knit with knitting
needles.
knock
=s4 To knock is to make a
noise by tapping something
with your knuckles.
knot
=s4 A knot is a
fastening made by
looping and tying
something, such as
rope, ribbon, or cord.
koala
=s4 A koala is a furry
animal with big ears
and a black nose.
Koalas eat leaves and
live in Australia.

Plant-eating animals
laboratory
=n4 A laboratory is
a place where people
learn about science
and do experiments.
ladder
=s4 A ladder is a frame
for climbing, made of
two tall bars with lots of
steps between them. You
use a ladder to reach
high places.
ladybird
=s4 A ladybird is a
tiny beetle.
Ladybirds often have
spotted wing cases.

Insects
lake
ns# A lake is a
large area of
water surrounded
by land.

W ater and ice

lamb
=s4 A lamb is
young sheep.

Baby animals
lamp
=s4 A lamp is a
stand for an
electric light bulb.
It is often covered
by a lampshade.

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In the bedroom
land Natural habitats

=s4 Land is any part

o f the earth that is not
covered by water.
We live
on land.
large
=s4 When something
is large, it is big.
This boy is blowing
up a large balloon.
laugh
=s4 To laugh is
to make sounds
that show you
are happy.
lawn
=s4 A lawn is
an area o f land
that is covered
with grass.
leaf
=s4 A lea f is a flat,
green part o f a
plant. Leaves grow
from plant stems.
left
Left is the
opposite o f right.
This girl is about
to make a left turn
on her bicycle.
leg
=s4 Your leg is the
part o f your body
between your bottom
and your foot. People
walk on two legs.
lemon
=s4 A lemon is a
fruit with a very
sour taste. Lemons
grow on trees in
hot places.

Juicy fruit
leopard W ildcats

=s4 A leopard is a
wild cat that has
sharp teeth and
claws. Leopards
have yellow coats
with black spots.
letter
A letter is
a part of the
alphabet. You put
letters together
to make words.
lettuce
=s4 Lettuce is a leafy
green vegetable that
you eat in a salad.

Vegetables
library
=s4 A library is
a place where
lots o f books are
kept on shelves.
You can borrow
books from
some libraries.
lick
=s4 To lick
something is to
touch it with
your tongue.
lifeboat Ships and boats

=s4 A lifeboat
is a type o f boat
that is used to
rescue people
who are in
danger at sea.
lift
To lift
something is
to pick it up.
light
=s^ When something is
light it does not weigh
much. Light things
are easy to lift.

Opposites
 <s>
Other meaning

=s4 Light is what makes it possible

to see. The sun, fire, and electric
light bulbs all give out light.
lighthouse
=s^ A lighthouse is a tall
tower, near the sea.
A bright light on the top
warns ships o f danger.
lightning
=s4 Lightning is a
flash o f light that
appears in the
sky during a
thunderstorm.

W eather
lion
=s4 A lion is a large, fierce
cat that roars. A male lion
has a shaggy mane
around its head.

W ildcats
lip
=s4 Your lips are
the soft, fleshy
edges around
your mouth.
liquid
=s4 A liquid is wet
and can be poured.
Water and milk
are liquids.
litter
=*?$ Litter is waste paper
and other rubbish that
has been dropped on the
ground. Litter should be
put in a wastepaper
basket or dustbin.
little
=s4 When something
is little, it is small.
This mouse is little.
lizard
=s4 A lizard is a reptile with
a long, scaly body, a tail,
and four short legs.

Reptiles
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little

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leopard lick light lip lizard
lobster look
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lobster
A lobster is an ocean animal
with a hard shell, ten legs,
and large claws
on its front
two legs.

Ocean animals
lock
=s4 A lock is a
fastening that is
usually opened
with a key. There
are many different
types o f lock. This
is a padlock.
log
=s4 A log is a thick
piece o f wood that has
been cut from a tree.
long
=s4 When something
is long, it measures a
lot from end to end.
This kitten has a
very long tail.

Opposites
look
=s4 To look is
to use your eyes
to see things.
lose
=s4 When you lose
something, you
cannot find it. This
girl has lost a shoe.
love
=s4 To love is
to like someone
or something
very much.
low
When something
is low, it is near the
ground. This girl
is low down in
the grass.
luggage
=s4 Luggage is
all the bags and
cases that you
take on holiday.

At the airport
lunch
=s4 Lunch is the
meal that you eat
in the middle of
the day.

Mealtime
lung
Your lungs are
inside your chest.
You have two lungs
for breathing.

Inside me
ABC
The alphabet
machine
=s4 A machine is an
object with moving
parts that make it
work. Clocks, cars,
bicycles, and
computers are all
machines.
magazine
A magazine is a
thin book that you buy
each week or month.

Reading
magic
=s4 To perform
magic is to do tricks
that seem impossible
A magician is a
person who can do
magic tricks.
magnet
=s4 A magnet is a
piece o f iron or
steel that can pull
other pieces o f iron
or steel towards it.
magnifying glass
A magnifying glass
is a special piece of
glass that makes things
look bigger than
they really are.

Vision Scene o f a crime

mammal Types of animals

*ts4 Mammals are

warm-blooded
animals whose young
feed on their mother’s
milk. Horses, cats,
and humans are
all mammals.
man
=s4 A man is a
grown-up boy.

People
map
=s4 A map is a drawing
o f all or part o f the
earth’s surface.

f-m Japan
Geography
market
=s4 A market is
a place where
people buy and
sell things.

In the city
mask
=s4 A mask is a
covering for your
face. You wear a
mask to disguise
yourself.
match
=s4 A match is a short
stick with a special
tip. It makes a flame
when you rub it on
something rough.
Matches can be
dangerous.
mathematics
Mathematics
is the study of
numbers, shapes,
1
and sizes.
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meal
=s4 A meal is the food
that you eat at one
time. Breakfast,
lunch, and dinner j
are all meals eaten
at different times
o f day.
measure
To measure
something is to
find out what size
or weight it is.
meat
Meat is
the part o f an
animal that is
eaten as food.

\
Food
mechanic
=s4 A mechanic is a
person who makes
and repairs cars or
other machines.

M
i*
*

People at work
medal
=s4 A medal is a
piece o f metal, often
shaped like a large
coin. Medals are
given to people who
win competitions.
medicine Medical words

=s4 Medicine is a
pill or a liquid that
you take to make
you feel better if
you are ill.
meet
To meet
someone is to
come face to
face with them.
melt
=s4 When something
melts, it warms up
and turns to liquid.
metal
=s4 Metals are mostly
hard, shiny materials,
such as copper, iron
and steel. Metals are
found in rocks.
microphone
=s4 A microphone is
a type of instrument
that makes your
voice sound louder.
microscope
=s4 A microscope is a
special instrument that
you use to make tiny
things look bigger.

Vision
microwave oven
=s4 A microwave
oven is a machine
that cooks food
very quickly.

In the kitchen
midnight Time

=s4 Midnight is
the middle of
the night. You
are asleep at
midnight.
milk
=s4 Milk is a white liquid
that some animals make
to feed their babies. Many
people drink cow’s milk.

Dairy foods
mine
=s4 A mine is a deep
hole in the ground
where people dig for
rocks, such as coal.
mineral
=s4 A mineral is a
part o f a rock that
is dug out o f a
mine. Minerals
m ay contain one
or more metals.
mirror
=s4 A mirror is a piece
o f glass that reflects
images. When you look
in a mirror, you see a
reflection o f yourself.

In the bathroom
mix
=s4 To mix
things is to put
them together.
money
=s4 Money is the
coins and paper
notes that we use
to buy things.
=s4 A monkey is
a furry animal
with long arms,
fingers, and toes.

4 tf
Apes and monkeys
monster Fairy-tale characters

A monster is a
strange, imaginary
creature that you
read about in
fairy tales.
month january
=s4 A month is a s- mZxf"2
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measure o f time that , 7 8 9 10 U >2
is about 30 days long. , M 15 15 1’ 18 ;?
21 22 2.1 24 25 25 ’
There are 12 months
28 29 30 31
in a year.

Time
moon
=s4 The moon is the
earth’s satellite.
You can see it in the
sky at night.

Exploring space
mosque
=s<! A mosque is
a building where
Muslim people go
to pray.

Buildings
mosquito Insects

=s4 A mosquito is a
small flying insect.
Female mosquitoes
sometimes bite
your skin.
moth
=s4 A moth is a flying
insect that looks like a
butterfly. Moths fly
around at night. ^

Moths and butterflies

motorcycle Vehicles

=s4 A motorcycle is
a vehicle with two
wheels and an
engine. Motorcycles
can be ridden by
one or two people.
mountain
=s4 A mountain is a
very high, rocky hill.

Landforms
mouse
A mouse is a small,
furry animal with a long
tail. Mice live in nests.

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Pets
moustache
=s4 A moustache
is the hair that
grows above a
man’s lips.
mouth
=s4 Your mouth is
part o f your face.
You use your
mouth for eating
and speaking.
m outh
move
=s4 To move is to go from
one place to another.
mud
=s4 Mud is wet, soft
earth. When you
walk on mud, you
make footprints.
muscle
=s4 A muscle is a
part o f your body
that gives you the
strength to move
and lift things.

Inside me
museum
A museum is a
building where you can
see interesting things,
such as objects from
the past, inventi
and works o f art.

In the city
mushroom
=s4 A mushroom is a
fungus that is shaped
like a small umbrella.
You can eat some
mushrooms, but some
are poisonous.
music
=s4 Music is the notes
that you read, or the
sound that you make,
when you are singing or
playing an instrument.

Music
musician
=s4 A musician is
a person who can
make music by
singing or playing
an instrument.

Music
ABC
The alphabet
nail
=s4 A nail is a small
metal spike. You hammer
nails into pieces o f wood
to hold them together.
narrow
When something
is narrow, it is not
wide. Narrow spaces
are difficult to
squeeze through.

Opposites
nature
=s4 Nature includes
everything in the
environment that is
not made by people.
Mountains, squirrels,
and flowers are
part o f nature.
neck
=s4 Your neck is the
part o f your body
that is between your
head and your
shoulders.
needle
=s4 A needle is a
thin, pointed piece
o f metal that is
used for sewing.
 /
nest
=s4 A nest is a
home where an
animal lives
and cares for
its babies.
net
=s4 Net is a type
o f cloth made
from loosely
knotted string or
thread. You can
catch fish in a net.
new
=s4 When something
is new, it has just been
made or bought.

Opposites
newspaper Reading

=s4 A newspaper is
sheets of paper with
words and pictures
printed on them. You
read a newspaper
to find out about
world events.
newt Animals chat swim

=s4 A newt is an animal that has short legs and

a long tail. Newts live on land and in water.
night
=s4 Night is the
time when it is dark
outside. Night
begins at sunset
and ends at sunrise.

Time
nine
=s4 Nine is the
number that
comes after eight
and before ten.

Numbers
noise
=s4 A noise is a
loud sound. This
girl is covering
her ears to block
out a noise.
midday
Midday is the
middle of the day.
You eat your lunch
at about this time.

Time
nose
=s4 Your nose is
part o f your face.
You breathe and
smell through
your nose.
Face words
number
A number is a
sign that tells you
how many things
there are.

Numbers
nurse
=s4 A nurse is a
person who is trained
to take care of
people who are ill or
injured.

At the hospital
nut Other meaning

=s4 A nut is a fruit

with a hard shell.
You can eat the
crunchy part of
the nut that is
inside the shell.
nut Other meaning

=s4 A nut is a small piece

o f metal that you screw
on to a bolt. Nuts and
bolts are used to hold
things together.
ABC
oar
=s4 An oar is a
long pole with a
flat blade at one
end. You use oars
to row a boat.
ocean
=s4 An ocean is a
very large area of
salt water. The
Pacific and the
Atlantic are oceans.

Natural habitats
octopus
An octopus is
an ocean animal
with eight long
arms and a soft,
rounded body. M

Ocean animals
office In the city

=s4 An office is a
place where people
go to work. There
are desks, chairs,
computers, and
filing cabinets
in offices.
oil
=s4 Oil is a greasy
liquid that makes
machines run
smoothly.
old
=s4 When something
is old, it has been
around for a long
time. This teddy
bear is old and worn.

Opposites
one
=s4 One is the number
before two. When you
count, you start with
the number one.

Numbers
onion Vegetables

=s4 An onion is a round

vegetable that grows in
the ground. Your eyes
m ay water if you cut an
onion open.
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open
=s4 When something is
open, it is not shut or
closed. You can see inside
an open box, and walk
through an open door.

Opposites
opera

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=s4 An opera is a
play in which the
words are sung
to music.

Music
opposite
=s4 When things
are opposites, they
are completely
different. Hot and
cold are opposites,
and so are front
and back.
back
optician
=s4 An optician is a
person who tests
your eyes to see if
you need glasses.
orange
=s4 Orange is a
colour made by
mixing red
and yellow.

Colours Other meaning

orange
=s4 An orange is a
round, juicy fruit
with thick, orange-
coloured peel.

Juicy fruit Other meaning

orang-utan
=s4 An orang-utan
is a large ape with
long, red-brown fur,
and strong arms.

4st
Apes and monkeys
orchard
=s4 An orchard is
an area o f land
where fruit
trees grow.

■
orchestra
=s4 An orchestra is a
large group of people
playing musical
instruments together.

Music
organ Musical instruments

=s4 An organ is a
musical instrument
with a keyboard. When
the keys are pressed,
air is pushed through
pipes and musical
sounds are made.
ostrich
An ostrich is a large
bird with a long neck, long
legs, and lots o f feathers.
Ostriches cannot fly, but
they can run very fast.

More birds
otter
=s4 An otter is a furry animal that lives in or
near water. Otters are very good swimmers.

Animals that swim

outside
=s4 When something
is outside, it is not
closed in. This puppy
is outside its house.

Opposites
oval
=s4 An oval is a
long, rounded shape.
Eggs are oval.

Shapes
oven
=s4 An oven is a
container that
heats up. You
use an oven to
cook food.

In the kitchen
over
=s4 When one thing
is over another, it is
above or on top o f it.
This man is walking
over the bridge.

Opposites
owl
=s4 An owl is a bird with a
large head and big, round
eyes. Owls usually hunt
for food at night.

mm.
Hunting animals
oyster
=s4 An oyster is an
ocean animal with
a soft body inside a
hard shell. Some
oysters make pearls
inside their shells.

Ocean anim als

ABC
The alphabet
package
=s4 A package '
is something
that is packed
and wrapped
in paper, or
put into a box.
page
=s4 A page is one
side o f a sheet of
paper in a book,
a newspaper, or
a magazine.
paint
ns# Paint is
a coloured
liquid used to
make pictures.

<$>
Other meaning
paint
=s4 To paint is to
make a picture
using a brush
and paints.
pair
=s4 A pair is a
set o f two things
that are used
together. These
socks are a pair.
palace
=s4 A palace is a very
large, grand house
where kings and
queens sometimes live

Storybook words
palm
=s4 Your palm
the inside part
o f your hand.
palm tree
-is4 Palm trees grow
in hot places. They
have long, narrow
leaves at the top of
a tall trunk.

Plants
panda gfM
Plant-eating animals

=s4 A panda is a
furry mammal.
Giant pandas
look like bears
with black-and-
white fur.
panther
=s4 A panther is
a leopard with a
black coat.

W ildcats
trousers M y clothes

=s4 Trousers are a

piece o f clothing
that you wear
on your legs.
paper
=s4 Paper is a material
made from wood. You
can write and draw on
paper, or you can use it
to wrap or cover things.

At school
parachute
A parachute is a
large piece of material
that helps people float
through the air to land
safely on the ground.
parent
=s^ A parent is a person
who has a child. Your
mother and father are
your parents. You are
their son or daughter.

Families
park Other meaning

=s4 A park is a
piece o f open land
where people can
enjoy themselves.
Many parks have
flower gardens
and playgrounds.
 Other

=s4 To park something is to leave it in the

same place for a while. This car is parked.
p arro t
=s4 A parrot is a bird
with brightly coloured
feathers. Some parrots
can be trained to
repeat words.

Pets
party
A party is a group
o f friends having fun
together. You might
have a party on
your birthday.
A ii il
mm
Birthday parties
passenger
A passenger
is a person who
travels in a
vehicle that
someone else
is driving, like
a bus o r a car.
 A path is a
track for people
!TT_ -
and animals to
walk along.
* ~ ~ ~~ \
— ^
patient
=s^ A patient is a sick
or injured person who
is being cared for by
a nurse or doctor.

At the hospital
paw
=s4 A paw is an
anim al’s foot.
Dogs, cats, and
bears have paws.
pay
=s4 To pay for
something is to
give money for it.
pea
=s4 A pea is a small,
round vegetable that
grows in a pod.

Vegetables
peach
=s4 A peach is
a sweet, juicy
fruit with a soft,
fuzzy skin.

Juicy fruit
peacock
=s4 A peacock is a
bird with colourful
tail feathers that
open out like a
fan. Peacocks are
male. Females are
called peahens.
More birds
peanut
=s4 A peanut is
the seed o f a
peanut plant. It
grows in the soil.
pear 1
=s4 A pear is a fruit that
is round at the bottom
and narrower at the top.

Fruit
pearl
=s4 A pearl is a small,
white gemstone that
oysters sometimes
make. Pearls are
used in jewellery.
pebble
=s^ A pebble is
a small, smooth
stone found on
the beach.

At the beach
peel
=s4 The peel is the
skin o f some fruits
and vegetables.

Other meaning
peel
=s4 To peel something
is to take the skin off
it. This girl is peeling
an orange.

Other meaning
pelican
=*?$ A pelican is a
bird with a large
pouch under its beak.
It uses the pouch to
catch fish to eat.
pen
=s4 A pen is a
tool that is filled
with ink and
used for writing.
pencil
=s4 A pencil is a
stick that you use
for writing or
drawing.

At school
penguin
=s4 A penguin is a
black-and-white bird
that lives in the
Antarctic. Penguins
cannot fly. They use
their wings like flippers
to swim in the water.
people
People means
more than one
person. Women, men
and children are
people.

P e o p le
pepper
Pepper is the dried
fruit o f the pepper
plant. It is ground into
powder, and used to
flavour food. Pepper
has a strong, spicy
taste.
pet
=s4 A pet is a tame
animal that you take
care o f and keep at
home as a friend.

Pets
petal
=s^ A petal is one
o f the coloured
parts o f a flower.
 A photograph is
a picture taken with
a camera and film.
photographer
A photographer
is a person who
takes photographs.
piano
=s^ A piano is a large
musical instrument
with black and white
keys. You press the
keys to make music.

Musical instruments
picnic
=s^ A picnic is a meal
that is packed and
taken on a trip. You
eat a picnic outside.

Mealtime
picture
=s4 A picture is a
drawing, painting,
or photograph of
something.
pie
=s4 A pie is a
food made with
a pastry crust.
Pies are baked
in an oven.

Food
pig On the farm

=s4 A pig is a
farm animal
with a short
snout and
bristly hairs
on its skin.
pigeon
A pigeon is a
bird with a large,
round body and a
small head. Most
pigeons live in cities.

More birds
pile
=s4 A pile is a lot
o f things stacked
on top o f one
another.
pillow
=s4 A pillow is a
bag filled with
soft material.
You rest your
head on a pillow
when you sleep.
pilot
=s4 A pilot is a
person who flies
an aeroplane.

At the airport
pm
=s4 A pin is a short,
thin piece o f metal
with a sharp point at
one end. Pins are used
to hold cloth together.
pineapple
=s^ A pineapple is a
large, sweet fruit with
thick skin and pointed
leaves. Pineapples grow
in hot countries.

Fruit
pink
Pink is a color
made by mixing
red and white.

Colors
pipe
=s^ A pipe is a hollow
tube o f metal or plastic.
Liquid and gas run
through pipes.
pirate
=s4 A pirate is a
robber who steals
from ships at sea.

Storybook words
planet
=s^ A planet is a huge
ball o f rock, metal,
and gas that moves
around the sun. Our
sun has nine planets.

Exploring space
plant
=s4 A plant is
something that
grows in the soil.
Grass and trees
are plants.

Plants
plastic
=s4 Plastic is a
useful material

'
made by people.
This inflatable toy
is made o f plastic.
plate
=s4 A plate is a
flat dish that you
use to hold food.
play
=s4 To play is
to do something
for fun.

Other meaning
play
=s4 A play is a
story that is acted
out on stage, usually
in a theatre.

At the theatre Other meaning

plum
ns# A plum is a
purple fruit with a
stone in the middle.

Juicy fruit
plumber
=s4 A plumber is a
person who works
on pipes, like those
carrying water
and gas.

People at work
pocket
=s4 A pocket is a small
pouch that is sewn into
your clothes. You carry
things around with you
in your pockets.
poem Rain
R ain , rain 1 Go aw a y,
Come again another day.

=s4 A poem is a piece of

writing that uses rhythm,
rhyme, or special words
to tell about thoughts
or feelings.

Reading
point
=s4 A point is the sharp
end o f something. These
objects all have points.
polar bear Hunting animals

=s4 A polar bear is a

huge bear covered in
thick, white fur that
keeps it warm. Polar
bears live in the ice
and snow near the
North Pole.
police officer
=g4 A police officer is
a person who protects
people and makes
sure laws are obeyed.

¥
n
Scene o f a crime
polish
=s4 To polish is to
rub something to
make it shine.
pollution
Pollution is
anything that makes
the environment
dirty. Fumes from
cars pollute the air.
pond
=s4 A pond is a
pool o f fresh water.
Ponds are smaller
than lakes.

W ater and ice

pony
=s4 A pony is
small horse.
poppy
=s^ A poppy is a flower
with big, brightly
coloured petals.

Flowers
porcupine Zoo animals

=g4 A porcupine
is an animal
covered with
hard, pointed
hairs, called
quills.
post office
=g4 A post office is
a place where you
can buy stamps,
and post letters
and parcels.
potato
=s4 A potato
is a vegetable
that grows in
the ground.

Vegetables
pour
=s4 To pour a liquid
is to tip it slowly out
o f a container.
present
=s^ A present is
something that you
give to someone on
a special occasion,
like a birthday.

Birthday parties
price
The price of
something is the
amount of money you
have to pay for it.
prince
=s^ A prince is the
son o f a king and
queen. A princess
is the daughter of
a king and queen.

Storybook words
prize
A prize is
a reward. You
m ay be given a
prize if you win
a competition.
problem
=s4 A problem is a question that needs to be
solved or worked out.

T h e r e a r e f i v e b a llo o n s .
I f tw o p o p , h o w m a n y
b a llo o n s a r e le f t ?
propeller
=s4 A propeller is a
blade that spins to drive
aeroplanes and boats,
and keep helicopters
in the air.
Boat words
puddle
=s4 A puddle
is a small pool
o f water.
pull
To pull
something is to
take hold o f it
and move it
towards you.

Opposites
pump
=s4 A pump is a machine that pushes
liquid or air into something. This pump
pushes air into a bicycle tyre.
puncture
=s4 A puncture is
a small hole in
something that
lets air or water
out. This tyre has
a puncture.
pupa
ns# A pupa is a
caterpillar while it
is inside its cocoon
changing into a
butterfly or moth.

Moths and butterflies

puppet
A puppet is
a doll that you
can make jump
or dance.

Toys
puppy
A puppy is
a young dog.

Baby animals
purple
Purple is a
colour made
by mixing red
and blue.

Colours
=s4 To push something
is to take hold o f it and
move it aw ay from you.

Opposites
puzzle
=s4 A puzzle is a
game or a problem.
You have to think
carefully to work
out the answer.

Toys
pyramid
=s4 A pyramid is a
building with a square
base and sloping,
triangular sides. Ancient
peoples built pyramids.
python Reptiles

=s4 A python is
a large snake
that kills smaller
animals for food
by squeezing
them to death.
quarter
A quarter is one
o f four equal parts.
Four quarters make
a whole.
queen
A queen is a
woman who is
head o f a country.
Queens often live
in palaces.

Ip
Storybook words
question
=s4 A question is a
sentence that asks
about something you
want to learn or know.
H o w m a n y le m o n s a r e t h e r e ?
A question ends with
a question mark.
quick
=s4 To be quick is
to do something in
a short time.
quiet
=s4 To be quiet
is to make very
little noise.

V *
quilt
=s4 A quilt is
a warm, soft
covering for
abed.

In the bedroom
quiz
=s4 A quiz is a
game or test in
which people try to
answer questions.

i
rabbit r f* r
Pets

=s4 A rabbit is a
small, furry animal
with long ears. Rabbits
live in burrows, called
warrens, that they dig
in the ground.
raccoon
=s4 A raccoon is a
small animal with
dark fur, called a
mask, around its
eyes. Raccoons
move around
mostly at night.
race
A race is a type
o f competition. The
person who runs the
fastest wins the race.
racing car Vehicles

=s4 A racing car is a type o f car that

goes very fast around a track.
radar
=s4 Radar shows
us how fast, how
fa r away, and in
which direction
things are moving.
radio Grown-up toys

=s4 A radio is a
machine that
receives radio waves
sent through the air.
It turns them into
music or voices that
you can listen to.
raft
=s4 A raft is a
floating platform
that is often made
out o f logs.

Ships and boats

railway
=s4 A railway is a track
for trains to run along.
The track is made from
long strips of metal.
ram
=s4 Rain is drops of
water that fall from
clouds in the sky.

W eather
rainforest Natural habitats

=n4 A rainforest is a hot,

steamy forest where the trees
grow tall and close together.
Rainforests are also
called jungles.
rainbow W eather

=s4 A rainbow is
a curve o f seven
different colours.
Rainbows appear
in the sky when
the sun shines
through the rain.
rat Animals that swim

=s4 A rat is a furry animal

that looks like a large
mouse. Rats have long
tails and sharp teeth.
reach
=s4 To reach for
something is to
stretch out your
hand to take it
or touch it.
read
=s4 To read is to
understand the
meaning o f written
or printed words.
 Musical instruments

=s4 A recorder is a musical

instrument. You play a recorder
by blowing down it and covering
the holes with your fingers.
rectangle
=s4 A rectangle is
a shape with two
long sides, two
short sides, and
four comers.

Shapes
recycle
=s4 To recycle
something is to
prepare and save
it so that it can be
used again. Paper,
glass, and cans are
often recycled.
red
=s4 Red is the
colour o f tomatoes
and strawberries.

Colours
refrigerator
A refrigerator is
a cupboard for
storing food. It has a
machine inside that
keeps the food cool.

m
In the kitchen
repair
=s4 To repair
something is
to fix it.
 Reptile words

reptile
A reptile is a
cold-blooded animal
with a backbone.
Snakes and lizards
are reptiles.

Types o f animals Reptiles

rescue
=s4 To rescue
someone or
something is to
save them from
danger or harm.
restaurant
=g4 A restaurant
is a place where
you can buy and
eat a meal.
rhinoceros Zoo animals

=s4 A rhinoceros is a
large, heavy animal
with thick skin. It
has one or two
horns on the top
o f its nose.
rhyme Reading

=s4 Words rhyme

when they end with
the same sound.
Bear and pear
rhyme. Climb and
time are also
rhyming words. bear pear
ribbon
=s4 A ribbon is a thin
strip o f material.
Ribbon is used to tie
up gifts and hair, or
as a decoration.
rice
=s4 Rice grains are
the seeds o f rice
plants, which grow
in wet ground in hot
countries. Rice must
be cooked before it
can be eaten.
Food
riddle What gets bigger
=s4 A riddle is a the more you take
tricky question aw ay from it?
or problem that
you answer by
guessing.
ride
=s4 To ride is to sit in
or on something while
it moves along. This
girl is riding a pony.
right
=s4 Right is the
opposite o f left.
This girl is about to
make a right turn
on her bicycle.
ring jeweller)'

=s4 A ring is a
circle o f metal
that you wear
on your finger.

< t>
Other meaning
ring
=s4 When something
rings, it makes the
sound o f a bell.

<$>
Other meaning
river W ater and ice

=s4 A river is a
large stream of
water that flows
into another
river, a lake, or
the ocean.
road
A road is a
hard, smooth track
for cars and other
traffic to drive on.
A motorway is a
type o f road.
robot
=s4 A robot is
a machine that
can move and
do some o f the
simple jobs
that people
can do.
rock
=s4 A rock
is a large,
heavy stone.

Other meaning
rock
=s4 To rock is to
move back and
forth, or from
side to side.
rocket
=s4 A rocket flies by
shooting fire or hot
gases out behind it.
Rockets are used to put
spacecraft into space.

Exploring space
roll &

To roll is to
turn over and
over as you
move along.

Action words
roof
=s4 A roof is
the part that
covers the top
o f a building.
room T
=s4 A room is part
o f a building. A
room has a ceiling,
a floor, four walls,
and a door.
root
=s4 A root is one of
the underground
parts o f a plant.
Roots take up
water from the soil
to feed the plant.
rope
=s4 Rope is strong,
thick string. Ropes
are used to pull or
lift heavy things.
rose
=s4 A rose is a
sweet-smelling
flower with lots of
petals, and thorns
on its stem.

Flowers
round
=s4 When
something is
round, it is
shaped like a
circle or a ball.

Shapes
row Other meaning

=s4 A row is a straight line o f things.

• w s «k e
row
=s4 To row a boat is to pull on
oars, so that the boat moves
through the water.
 . :
AMr

riddle
*
ring rock
I IHRroof

□a
bear
rhyme
poor
ride river rock
) &a

room
. 4
• AT-

ribbon
r
right rood
.
/I
\-"
rocket root

rice
# .
ring robot
3* roll rope
 # mse
ify
rubbish runway
s J. sail

&
round rug sad salad

T* *V
ff
row ruler saddle salt

a s
1 4 n rm n
7 * -7 7 7 - * BH
row run sail same
 |
sand saw school scratch seagull

sandwich
w
scale
❖
scientist
T
screw seahorse

0 *
satellite

w/
^3"
saucepan
scale

scarf
scissors

rr>
scorpion
scrub

sea
M seal

season
rug
=s4 A rug is a piece
o f thick material
that covers part
o f a floor.

Around the house

ruler
=s4 A ruler is a piece o f wood, plastic, or
metal that you use to draw straight lines.
You can also measure lengths with a ruler.
run
=s4 To run is
to move very
quickly.

Action words
runway
=s4 A runway is a strip
o f flat, smooth ground
where aircraft
can take o ff
and land.

At the airport
ABC
The alphabet
sad
=s4 A sad person
is someone who
feels unhappy.

Opposites
saddle
A saddle is
the seat you sit
on when you
ride a horse.

3c*-
sail
=g4 To sail is to travel
on a boat. A sailing
boat is a boat that is
moved along by the
wind in its sails.

Other meaning
sail
=s4 A sail is a large piece
o f material attached to
the mast o f a boat. Wind
blowing into the sail pushes
the boat through the water.
salad
=s4 A salad is a
cold mixture of
vegetables, like
lettuce, radishes,
and mushrooms.

Food
salt
Salt is a white
powder made from
minerals found in
seawater. Salt is used
to flavour food.

%
same
=s4 When two
things are the same,
they are like each
other in every way.

Opposites
sand
Sand is the fine
grains of stone and
shell that cover a * /. .
beach or a desert. •V
r-

.•> ■*
V 'X -

At the beach
sandwich
=s4 A sandwich is
two pieces o f bread
with a tasty filling
between them.

Food
satellite
A satellite is any
object that moves
around a planet.
Mechanical satellites
move around the
earth collecting
information.
saucepan
5 *
=g4 A saucepan is a
metal container you
use for cooking.

In the kitchen
saw
=s4 A saw is a tool
that has a blade
with sharp metal
teeth. You use a
saw to cut wood.
scale
=s4 A scale is a
machine that tells
you how much
things weigh.

Other meaning
scale
=s4 A scale is a
flat, tough piece
o f skin on an
animal, like a fish
or a reptile. This
fish is covered
with scales.
Other meaning
scarf
A scarf is a long
piece o f material
worn around
your neck.
school
=s4 A school is a place
where you go to learn
important things, like
how to read, write,
and count.

At school
scientist
=s4 A scientist is a
person who studies
to find out how and
why things happen.

People at work
scissors
=s4 A pair of scissors
is a tool with two
sharp blades. You use
scissors to cut things.
scorpion
=s4 A scorpion is a
small animal with
two large claws
and a poisonous
stinger in its tail.
scratch
=s4 To scratch
yourself is to rub
your skin with your
fingernails to stop
your skin from
itching.
screw
A screw holds
things together. The
screw’s spiral shape,
called a thread, makes
it hard to pull out.
scrub
=s4 To scrub is to
rub something with
a wet brush. This
girl is scrubbing
her fingernails.
sea
The sea is
a large body of
salt water. A
sea is smaller
than an ocean.

At the beach W ater and ice

seagull
A seagull is a
type o f seabird
with grey and
white feathers.

At the beach
sea horse
=g4 A sea horse is a
type o f fish. It has a
head that looks like
a horse’s head, and
a long tail.

Ocean animals
seal Htu***-

Ocean mammals

A seal is a large
animal with grey fur
and whiskers that
lives on land and in
the ocean. Seals have
flippers for swimming.
season
=s4 A season is a
time o f year. There
are four seasons:
spring, summer,
autumn, and winter.
seat belt
=s4 A seat belt is a
safety strap in a
vehicle. You wear
a seat belt around
your body to hold
you in place.
seaweed
Seaweed is a
plant that grows
in the sea.

At the beach
see
To see
something is
to look at it
or notice it.
seed
=s4 A seed is the
small grain that a
plant makes, from
which a new plant
m ay grow.
seesaw Playtim e

=s4 A seesaw is a
plank balanced in
the middle. One
person sits at each
end, and the plank
rocks up and down.
sell
To sell something
is to give it to someone
in return for money.

Opposites
sentence
=e4 A sentence is a group of words that asks or
tells something. Sentences begin with a capital
letter and end with a full stop, a question
mark, or an exclamation mark.

Mice are small. . $

c a p it a l le t t e r fu ll stop
seven
Seven is the
number that
comes after six
and before eight.

Numbers
sew
=s4 To sew is to
join fabric together
using a needle and
thread.
shadow
=s4 A shadow is a dark
shape that you make
when you stand in
the way o f light.
shake
=s4 To shake something
is to move it quickly up
and down or from
side to side.
 Shapes

=s4 A shape is the outline o f something.

Circles, squares, triangles, and rectangles
are all shapes.
share
=s4 To share
something is to give
part o f it to another
person. This boy is
sharing his lunch
with a friend.
shark
=s4 A shark is a
large fish with lots
o f sharp teeth.
sharp
=s4 When something
is sharp, it has an edge
that can cut things or
a point that can
poke things.
sheep
=s4 A sheep is a
farm animal with a
thick, woolly coat.

On the farm
shelf
A shelf is a long piece o f wood on
which you keep things.
shell
A shell is the
outside covering
o f an egg, a nut,
or an animal.

At the beach
ship
=s4 A ship is a
large boat that
sails on the sea.
Passenger ships
carry people.

% *•

Ships and boats

shirt
=s4 A shirt is a
piece o f clothing
that you wear on
the top part of
your body.
shoe
=s4 A shoe is a
covering for your
foot. Shoes protect
your feet from the
hard ground.

*te
M y clothes
short
When something
is short, it does not
measure very much
from end to end. This
rabbit has short ears,

Opposites
shoulder
=s4 Your shoulder
is the part of your
body between your
neck and your arm.
shout
=s4 To shout
is to call out
very loudly.
shovel
=s4 A shovel is a tool
that you use for digging
and moving earth. It
has a long handle and
a wide, flat blade.
shower
=s4 A shower is a
spray o f water that
you stand under to
wash yourself.

In the bathroom
shrimp Ocean animals

=as| A shrimp is a
small ocean animal
with a long body and
two pincers. Shrimps
are related to crabs
and lobsters.
shut
When something
is shut, it is closed.
You cannot walk
through a door
that is shut.

Opposites
side
=s4 The side is the part on the left or right
o f something. This is one side o f a car.
smg
=s4 To sing is to
make music with
your voice.

Music
sink
When something
sinks, it is too heavy
to float, and so it
drops below the
surface o f the water.

Opposites
sit
=s4 To sit is to rest
on your bottom. You
can sit in a chair or
on the floor.
SIX
=g4 Six is the
number that
comes after five
and before seven.

Numbers
skate *

Wintertime

=s4 To skate is to glide.

Ice skaters wear boots
with special blades,
called ice skates. Roller
skates have wheels
instead, so you can
skate without ice.
skateboard
=s4 A skateboard is a low, flat
board with four wheels. To
ride a skateboard you push
o ff with one foot, then stand
on the board and balance.

A*r
More wheels
skeleton
=s4 A skeleton is
an anim al’s bones,
all joined together.
Your skeleton is
inside your body.
ski Wintertime

=s4 To ski is to slide

down snowy mountains
on skis. Skis are runners
that are attached to
your boots to help you
slide, turn, and stop.
skin
Skin is the outside
covering o f something.
People and other
animals, and fruits
and vegetables
have skin.

■M
skip
=s4 To skip is to
move along by
hopping from one
foot to the other.
skirt
A skirt is a piece of
clothing that hangs
from the waist.
sky
The sky is the
space around the
earth. On a sunny
day the sky
looks blue.
skyscraper
A skyscraper is
a very tall building
that looks as if it is
touching the sky.

Buildings
 f
Wintertime

=g4 A sledge is a vehicle made out o f wood

with smooth metal runners on the bottom.
Sledges are used to carry people over snow.
sleep
To sleep is to
close your eyes
and rest your body
and mind. You go
to sleep at night,
or when you
are tired.
slice
=s4 A slice is
a thin piece
o f something.
slide
=s4 A slide is a type of
toy. You climb to the top
o f a ladder and slide
down a slippery slope
on the other side.

Playtim e
slow
=*?$ When something
is slow, it takes a long
time. This turtle moves
very slowly from one
place to another.

Opposites
small
When something
is small, it is little.
This pea is small.

Opposites
smile
When you smile,
your mouth turns up
and your eyes crinkle
at the corners. A
smile shows that
you are happy.
snail
=s4 A snail is an
animal with a soft
body and a shell
on its back. Some
snails live in water
and some live
on land.
snake
=s4 A snake is an
animal with a long,
thin body, scaly
skin, and no legs.

Reptiles
snow
=s4 Snow is tiny flakes
o f frozen water. Snow
falls from clouds in
cold weather.

W eather Wintertime
snowman
=s4 A snowman is a
pile o f snow shaped
like a person.

Wintertime
soap
=s4 Soap is
something that
you use with water
to wash things.

In the bathroom
soccer Team sports

=as| Soccer, or football,

is a game played by
two teams. Each team
tries to kick a ball
into the other team’s
goal to score points.
sock
A sock is a piece
o f clothing for your
foot. You wear socks
inside your shoes.

Me
M y clothes
solid
When something
is solid, it keeps its
shape. This rock
is solid.
space
=s4 Space is the huge
area that contains the
earth, the sun, the
moon, and all the other
stars and planets.

Exploring space
spacecraft
A spacecraft is a
vehicle that travels
in space, far away
from the earth.

Exploring space
sparrow
A sparrow is a
small, brown bird.
Sparrows eat seeds
and insects.

More birds
spell
=s4 To spell a word is to write or say its
letters one by one, in the right order.
 x e

fiu
easy hard hardest
spider I

=s4 A spider is a
small animal with
eight legs. Many
spiders spin webs
to catch small
insects to eat.
spill
=s4 To spill
something is to
knock it out of
its container.
spoon
A spoon is a tool with one rounded end
and a long handle. Spoons are used to mix
and pick up food.
sport
A sport is a game
or competition in
which you exercise
your body. There are
many different sports,
including baseball
and running.
square
=s4 A square is a
shape with four
comers and four
equal sides.

Shapes
squash
=s4 To squash
something is to
press it and
make it flat.

*
squeeze
=s4 To squeeze
something is to press
it from all sides.
squirrel
A squirrel is a
furry animal with
a long, bushy tail.
Squirrels live in
trees and eat nuts.

Plant-eating animals
stable
=s4 A stable
is a building
for horses to
live in.
stamp
=s4 A stamp is a
small piece of sticky
paper that you put
on an envelope. It
shows that you have
paid to post a letter.
stand
=s4 To stand is to be
upright on your feet
without moving.
star
=s4 A star is one of
the bright lights that
you can see in the
sky at night. The sun
is a very large star.

Exploring space
starfish
A starfish is an
ocean animal with
arms that make the
shape o f a star.

Ocean animals
start
To start is to
begin something.
This boy is starting
a race.

Opposites
state
=s4 A state is any
one o f the fifty parts
o f the United States.
Alaska and Texas
are states.

Geography
steering wheel
=s4 A steering
wheel is the part
o f a car that you
hold when you
drive. You turn the
steering wheel to
control the wheels.
stem
A stem is the part
o f a plant from which
the flowers and
leaves grow.
stone
=s4 A stone is a
piece o f rock.
stopwatch
=s4 A stopwatch is
a special type of
watch that you use
to time a race.
shop
=s4 A shop is a
place where you
can buy things.
story
A story is something
told or written about
im aginary characters,
invented by the author
or storyteller.

Reading
strawberry
A strawberry is a
red, juicy fruit with
seeds on the outside.

Juicy fruit
stream
=s4 A stream is
a small river.

W ater and ice

street
=s4 A street is
a road in a city
or town. Most
streets have
sidewalks and
buildings.
string
=s4 String is a
strong, thick thread
that you use to tie
things together.
stripe
=s4 A stripe is a
narrow band o f colour.
This girl is wearing
a striped T-shirt.
submarine Ships and boats

A submarine is a type of ship

that travels under water.
subtract Opposites

=s4 To subtract is to take aw ay one number

from another to find the difference between
them. When you subtract three from ten, the
difference is seven.
sugar
Sugar is a sweet
food made from
sugar cane. You use
sugar to sweeten
other foods.
sum
The sum o f two or more things is their
total when added together. The sum o f two
and three is five.

2+3
sun
=g4 The sun is the
huge star that
gives the earth
heat and light.

Exploring space
sunglasses
Sunglasses are
dark glasses that
you wear to protect
your eyes from
strong sunlight.

A
Vision
supermarket
=g4 A supermarket is
a large shop that sells
food and things for
the house.

In the city
swan
=6^ A swan is a large water
bird with a long neck and
webbed feet. Young swans
are called cygnets.

W ater birds
swim
=s4 To swim is
to move yourself
through water
using your arms
and legs.

Sports
swimming pool
A swimming pool
is a large pool built
for people to swim
in. Many swimming
pools are heated.
swing
=s4 A swing is a hanging
seat. You make the seat
move by shifting your
weight back and forth.

Playtim e
synagogue
=s4 A synagogue
is a building where
Jewish people
meet to pray.

B u ild in g s
ABC
The alphabet
table
=s4 A table is a
piece o f furniture
with a flat top
and legs.
tadpole iir x
Baby animals

=s4 A tadpole is a young frog or toad. Tadpoles

live in ponds or lakes until they grow legs and
can jump out onto the land.
tail
=s4 A tail is the
part o f an anim al’s
body that sticks
out at the back.
tall
=s4 When something
is tall, the top is fa r
from the ground.
The giraffe is a
tall animal.
tambourine Noisy toys

=s4 A tambourine is a
musical instrument like
a small drum with metal
rings hung on it. You
play a tambourine by
shaking or tapping it.
taxi
=s4 A taxi is a car with
a driver that you can
hire. You pay the ,
driver at the end I
o f your journey. |

*f e f r

Vehicles
tea
=s4 Tea is a drink
made from the
dried leaves of
the tea plant.
teacher
=s4 A teacher is a
person who helps
you learn things.

At school
team
=s4 A team is a
group o f people
who work or
play together.
tear
=s4 A tear is a drop
o f water that comes
out o f your eye.

Other meaning
tear <$>
Other meaning

To tear
something is to
pull it apart.
telephone
=s4 A telephone is >
an instrument for «
talking to someone
who is far away.

Tp
m
Around the house
telescope
=s4 A telescope is
an instrument that
makes faraw ay <
objects look bigger
and closer.

Vision
television wm*>
Grown-up toys

=s4 A television is a
machine that receives
signals, and turns
them into sounds
and pictures.
temple
=s^ A temple
is a building
where people
go to pray.

Buildings
ten
=s4 Ten is the
number that
comes after nine
and before eleven.

Numbers
tennis
=s4 Tennis is a
game in which two
or four players use
rackets to hit a
ball over a net.

Sports
tent
A tent is a
cloth shelter. You
camp in a tent.
theatre
=s4 A theatre is a
building where you
go to see plays being
acted on a stage.

LiU
At the theatre In the city
thermometer
A thermometer is an
/•s*

instrument that measures how

hot or cold something is. You
can take your temperature
with a thermometer.

Medical words
 Body words

thigh t
=s4 Your thigh is
the part o f your leg
between your hip
and your knee.
thin
=s4 When something
is thin, it is narrow.

Opposites
thorn
=s4 A thorn is a
sharp point on the
stem o f some plants.
thread
A thread is
a thin string
used for sewing.
three
Three is the
number that
comes after two
and before four.

Numbers
throat
=s4 Your throat is the
tube in your neck
that carries air to
your lungs and food
to your stomach.

Inside me
thumb
=s4 Your thumb is the
short finger nearest
to your wrist.
ticket
=s^ A ticket is a piece
paper that shows you
have paid. You may
buy a ticket to travel
on a bus or train, or
to get into a museum.

At the theatre
tie
=s4 A tie is a
narrow strip of
material that is
tied around a
shirt collar.
tie Other meaning

To tie
something is to
knot it together.
This boy is tying
his shoelaces.
tiger
A tiger is a big,
wild cat. Tigers
have orange coats
with black stripes.

W ildcats
tile
=s4 A tile is a thin,
flat covering for
walls and floors.
Many tiles can be
fitted together to
cover a large area.
time
=s4 Time is a
measurement in
hours, minutes,
and seconds.

Time
tiptoe
=s4 To tiptoe is to
walk on your toes, as
quietly as you can.
tired
=s4 When you feel
tired, you need to
rest or sleep.
toad Animals that swim

=s4 A toad is
an animal that
looks like a big
frog with rough,
dry skin.
toboggan
fk

Wintertime

A toboggan is a
kind o f sledge without
runners. To toboggan
is to slide down snow -
covered hills or
slopes on a sledge
or toboggan.
toe n
Your toe is
one o f the five
parts on the end
o f your foot that
help you balance.
 3
toilet In the bathroom

=s4 A toilet is
what you use to
get rid o f waste
from your body.
tomato
=s4 A tomato
is a round, red
fruit that you
eat in salads.
tongue
=s4 Your tongue is
the long, soft part
inside your mouth.
You use your tongue
to taste food and
drinks, and to speak.
tool
=s4 A tool is something
that helps you to do a
job. Shovels, brushes,
and screwdrivers
are all tools.
tooth
=s4 A tooth is one of
the hard, white parts
inside your mouth.
You use your teeth for
biting and chewing. tooth
toothbrush In the bathroom

=s^ A toothbrush is a
small brush that you
use with toothpaste to
clean your teeth.
top
=s4 The top of
something is the
highest part o f it.
The goat is at the
top o f the mountain.

Opposites
tornado
A tornado is a very
strong wind that whirls
around and around.
Tornadoes can rip up trees
and knock down houses.

Natural disasters
toucan , More birds

=*?$ A toucan is a bird

that lives in tropical
places. Toucans have
black and white feathers
and large, brightly
coloured beaks.
towel
=s4 A towel is a
piece o f soft cloth
that you use to
dry yourself.

In the bathroom
town
=s4 A town is a
place where people
live and work, with
lots o f houses,
shops, and schools.
toy
=s4 A toy is
something to
play with.

Toys
tractor On the farm

=s4 A tractor is a
farm vehicle that
is used to pull
heavy loads.
traffic
=s4 Traffic is all
the cars, buses,
motorcycles, and
other vehicles that
travel on roads.

In the city
train
=s4 A train is a line o f railw ay
carriages that are pulled along a
track by an engine. Trains carry
people and things
from one place
to another.
transparent
=s4 When something
is transparent it is
clear, so you can see
through it. This
glass pitcher is
transparent.
tray
A tray is a
large, flat dish that
you use to carry
food and drinks.
treasure
=s4 Treasure is gold,
silver, coins, and
other precious
things. A treasure
chest is a box in
which you keep
valuable objects.
tree
=s4 A tree is a
large plant with
leaves, branches,
and a thick trunk.
triangle
=s^ A triangle is a
shape with three
straight sides and
three comers.

Shapes
trick
=s4 A trick is something
you do to surprise or t
am aze people. This boy
is pulling a lot of
flowers out o f a box.
tricycle
=s4 A tricycle is
like a bicycle with
three wheels
instead o f two.

More wheels
trophy
=s4 A trophy is a
large, metal cup
that m ay be given
as a prize.
truck Vehicles

=s4 A truck is a big,

powerful vehicle that
is used to carry heavy
loads. This truck has
a flap at the back for
tipping out its load.
trumpet Musical instruments

=g4 A trumpet is a musical instrument made of

brass. You blow into the mouthpiece and press
the valves to make different notes. /\
trunk
A trunk is an
elephant’s long nose.
Elephants use their
trunks to squirt water
into their mouths, and
to pick up things.
T-shirt
=s4 A T-shirt is a
cotton shirt with
short sleeves. If
you la y a T-shirt
out flat, it looks
like a letter T.
*te
M y clothes
tugboat Ships and boats

=s4 A tugboat is a small,

very powerful boat that is
used to pull bigger boats
in and out o f a harbour.
tulip
=s4 A tulip is a
cup-shaped flower
that grows from a
bulb and blooms
in the spring.

F lo w e r s
tunnel
=s4 A tunnel is
a long passage
cut through a
hill or under
the ground.
turkey
=s4 A turkey is a
large bird with
black-and-white
feathers and a bald
head and neck.

More birds
turtle -rfw
Pets

=s4 A turtle is an
animal with a scaly
body covered by
a tough shell.
Turtles live
on land and
in water. *
tusk
=s4 Tusks are the
long, pointed teeth
o f some animals.
Elephants and
walruses have tusks.
twig
=s4 A twig is one o f the
small, thin branches of
a tree. Leaves grow
on twigs.
twin
=s4 A twin is one
o f two children
that were bom at
the same time to
the same parents.

HTT
People
two
=s4 Two is the
number that
comes after one
and before three.

Numbers
ABC
umbrella
=s^ An umbrella is a
piece o f waterproof
material on a frame.
It keeps you dry
when it rains.
under
=s4 To be under
something is to
be below it.

Opposites
underwear
=s4 Underwear is
clothing that you wear
under other clothes.

*te
M y clothes
undress
=s4 To undress is to
take o ff your clothes.
You undress to get
ready for bed.

Opposites
unicorn Fairy-tale characters

=s4 A unicorn is
an imaginary
animal. It looks
like a horse with a
long, twisted horn
on its forehead.
university
=s4 A university is
a place where you
can go to learn
after finishing
at school.
up
=s4 When something
goes up, it moves higher.
This girl is throwing the
ball up into the air.

Opposites
ABC
The alphabet
vacuum cleaner
=s4 A vacuum
cleaner is a machine
that sucks up dirt
from the floor.

Around the house

valley
=s4 A valley
is the low
land between
two hills.

Landforms
vegetable Vegetables

=s4 A vegetable is a
plant with roots or
leaves that you can
eat. There are lots
o f different kinds
o f vegetables.
vehicle Vehicles

=s4 A vehicle is a machine that carries people

and things from one place to another. Cars,
buses, and trucks are all vehicles.
vet
•e4 A vet is a type of
doctor who cares for
sick or injured
animals. Vet is short
for veterinary surgeon

People at work
video tape a **
Grown-up toys

=s4 A video tape is a

recording o f pictures
and sounds. You use a
video cassette recorder
and a television to j
watch a video tape. ^
village
A village is a
small group of
houses and shops
in the country.
vine
•s4 A vine is a
climbing plant.
Grapes grow on
vines infields
called vineyards.

*»-
violin Musical instruments

=e4 A violin is a
musical instrument
made o f wood. You hold
it under your chin and
draw a bow across its
strings to play it.
volcano
=n4 A volcano is a
mountain with a hole in
the top. Sometimes hot,
melted rocks, gas, and ash
burst out o f a volcano.

Natural disasters
vulture
=s4 A vulture is a large
bird with a bald head.
Vultures eat meat that
has been killed by
other animals.
ABC
wagon
•s4 A wagon is a
four-wheeled vehicle
used to carry heavy
loads. Some wagons
are toys. This type of
wagon was used by
American pioneers.
More wheels
waiter
=n4 A waiter is a
person who serves
food and drinks in
a restaurant.

People at work
walk
=n4 To walk is to move
along lifting one foot at a
time and putting it down
in front o f the other.
wallaby
=g4 A w allaby is a small type
o f kangaroo. Kangaroos and
wallabies live in Australia.
wallet
=g^ A wallet is
a small, flat
case in which
money is kept.
walrus
A walrus is
an ocean animal
with a large body
and two long,
curved tusks.

Ocean mammals
wash
=s4 To wash is to
clean yourself with
soap and water.
watch
=n4 A watch is a
small clock on a
strap that you
wear around
your wrist.

Other meaning
watch
•s4 To watch
something is to
look at it closely
or carefully.

Other meaning
water
=s4 Water is the
clear liquid that
comes out o f a tap.
Water falls from
the sky as rain.
waterfall
=g4 A waterfall is
a stream o f water,
like a river, that
flows over a steep
drop or ledge.

W ater and ice

water lily
=n4 A water lily is a
flower that grows on
ponds and lakes.

Flowers
watermelon
=g4 A watermelon
is a large fruit with
red, watery flesh
inside a green skin.

Fruit
wave
•s4 To wave is to
move your hand
from side to side
to say hello or
goodbye.

Other meaning
wave
=s4 A wave is made
when water in a lake
or ocean moves up
and down. Strong
winds can make
big waves.
wear
•s4 To wear
something is
to carry it on
your body.
weather W eather

=n4 Weather is how

hot or cold, stormy or
calm it is outside.
Clouds, rain, wind,
and sunshine are all
part o f the weather.
wedding
A wedding is a
special occasion,
when two people
get married.
week Time

=g^ A week is seven days long.

There are 52 weeks in a year.

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

weigh
=e4 To weigh
something is to
find out how
heavy it is.
wet
=s4 When something
is wet, it is covered
with water. This dog
is very wet, and is
shaking himself dry.
whale
=s4 A whale is a huge ocean
animal that breathes air.
Whales are the
largest living
animals.

Ho**-

Ocean mammals
wheat
=s4 Wheat is a
plant that is
grown on a farm.
We grind wheat
to make flour.
wheel
A wheel is a
round frame
that turns on a
rod. Wheels can
make it easier to
move things.

More wheels
wheelbarrow An
More wheels

=g4 A wheelbarrow
is a small cart with a
wheel at the front. It
can be used to move
heavy loads, such as
sand and soil.
wheelchair
=n4 A wheelchair is a
special chair that you use
for moving around if you
have difficulty walking.

More wheels
whiskers
=e4 Whiskers are
the long hairs
that grow on an
anim al’s face.
whisper
=s4 To whisper
is to talk very
quietly so that
only one person
can hear you.
whistle Noisy toys

A whistle is a simple
musical instrument that
makes a loud, sharp sound
when you blow into it.
white
=s4 White is the
colour o f salt and
snow. It is the
opposite o f black.

Colours
wide
=s4 When something
is wide, it measures
a lot from one side
to the other.

Opposites
wind
=s4 The wind is
air that is moving
quickly. It can be
very powerful.

W eather
windmill
=s4 A windmill is a
machine that uses
the power o f the
wind to turn its sails.
Wheat is ground into
flour in a windmill.
window
=n4 A window is an
opening in a wall that
lets in light and air.
Windows are usually
filled with glass.
wing
•s4 Wings are the
parts o f an animal
that help it to fly.
Aeroplanes have
wings too.
wire
=e4 Wire is a thin
metal thread that
is often covered
with plastic.
witch
=e4 A witch is
an imaginary
woman with
m agical powers.

tx

¥
F a ir y - ta le c h a m c te r s
wizard
<=a$ A wizard is an
im aginary man
with m agical
powers.

Fairy-tale characters
wolf
•s4 A wolf is
a wild animal
that looks like
a large dog.

H u n tin g a n im a ls
woman
=s4 A woman is
a grown-up girl.

People
wood
=e4 Wood is the
hard part o f a tree
that is used to make
tables, chairs, and
other furniture.
wool
=n4 Wool is the soft,
curly hair o f a sheep.
Wool is spun into yarn
and used for knitting
or making cloth.
world
W o r ld w o rd s

=s4 The world

is the earth and
everything that
lives on it.

fm
Geography
worm
=e4 A worm is an
animal with a
long, bendy body.
Most worms live
in the ground.
wrinkle
=e4 A wrinkle is a
crease. This dog has
wrinkles in his skin.
wrist
=s4 Your wrist is
the joint between
your hand and
your arm.
write
=e4 To write is to
put words on paper
so that people can
read them.
ABC
The alphabet
Action words
jum p

run
ch ase
 At the airport

pilot

h elico p ter a e ro p la n e luggage hangar

 The alphabet

Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee F f Gg Hh I i

J j Kk LI Mm Nn Oo Pp Q q Rr

Ss T t U u Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz
Apes and monkeys
Baby animals

la m b
 In the bathroom

toothbrush

towel
r ......... -\
so ap

brush
toilet b ath
 At the beach

shell
beach
In the bedroom
 Birthday parties
b allo o n

in vitatio n

p a r ty

b irth d a y
friend
present
af Buildings
x

m osque tem ple ca b in

jJWMiiii church syn ag o gu e

sk yscrap er
 In the city
office

th eatre tra ffic superm arket m arket

My clothes
 Colours

b lack

brow n

white pink
 Scene of a crime

m agn ifyin g glass

d etective
b u rg la r

fin gerp rin t

jew el p olice officer

disguise
Dairy foods

m ilk butter
 Exploring space

satellite
sp a ce cra ft

• w
rocket m oon p lan et
Fairy-tale characters
 Families

cousin
 On the farm

sheep chicken

farm

b a rn
i
P
cow
tractor
 Flowers
d a is y

poppy

ca rn a tio n

daffodil
 Food

ch o co late bread
rice
sa la d

cerea l m eat sandw ich

 Fruit

pear banana

p in ea p p le coconut

watermelon apple
 Geography

co u n try state
continent

m ap w orld
city
Grown-up toys

radio television
 Natural habitats

desert cou n trysid e

forest ocean

bank land rainforest

 At the hospital

a m b u la n ce
nurse

hospital
p atien t d octor
Around the house
 Hunting animals

W eag le

p o la r b e a r
b ea r
Inside me
 Insects
la d yb ird

beetle

d ra g o n fly m osquito
/ ny

g ra ssh o p p e r cricket
 Jewellery
rings

crow n

d iam on d s p earl
 Juicy fruit

plum
o ra n g e

straw b erry g ra p e s g ra p e fru it

p ea ch
 In the kitchen

kitchen oven refrigerato r

 Landforms

m ou n tain ca v e

islan d v a lle y cliff

 More birds

pigeon
crow
tou can

sp arrow

peacock ostrich
turkey emu
Mealtime
Medical words
 Moths and butterflies

pupa

c a te r p illa r

cocoon

b u tterfly
moth
 Musical instruments

p ian o

o rg a n
Music
 Natural disasters

flood e a rth q u a k e

to rn ad o

vo lca n o a v a la n c h e h u rrican e
Noisy toys

xylo p h o n e

horn
 Numbers

0
zero one
1 2
two
3
three
I t
four
5
five

6
six
7
seven e^ht
9
nine
1 0
ten
1 0
hundred
0
 Ocean animals

crciD lobster
octopus

jellyfish shrim p
starfish sea horse
 Ocean mammals

d olphin

w a lru s

whale
 People at work

en gin eer
carp en ter plum ber

m ech an ic v e te rin a ry w aiter

scientist
surgeon
 Plant-eating animals

k o a la panda

squirrel
cam el
d o n k ey * horse
horse goat
People
 Pets

p a rro t

goldfish
turtle

cat mouse rabbit

Plants
 Playtime

seesaw draw
x-ray At the hospital

=n4 An x-ray is a
type o f photograph
that shows the
inside o f something.
Doctors use x-rays
o f people to look for
injuries or illnesses.
 Reading

fa b le poem

magazine newspaper
 Reptiles

iguana
lizard snake
alligator

crocodile
python
chameleon
At school
 Shapes

cone
Ships and boats
 Sports

swim m ing

k a ra te gym n a stics
 Storybook words

queen king prin ce

p ira te

knight p a la c e
ca stle
 Animals that swim

otter ra t
 Team sports

goal
b a se b a ll

A m erican
fo o tb all
 At the theatre

au d ien ce

act

p la y
ticket
 Time
January
i m i s Li *
I 2 S * 1
o * 4 ■> ip ii i:
H M t * TT | K I *
i t W 21 2* 25 2*. ^
;•<4w«•

m onth year m idnight m id d ay

o
lunuury
SM7 W t S

w eek
 Toys

p u p p et

puzzle

b all
jig sa w p u zzle
Types of animals
 Vegetables
cau liflo w er

pea
lettuce

cabbage potato cucumber

 Vehicles

fire engine car

m otorcycle ra cin g c a r
 Vision

goggles glasses b in ocu lars

m agn ifyin g
/ •\ glass m icroscope
telescope sunglasses
 Water and ice

stream sea pond

w a te rfa ll
lake river
Water birds
 Weather
■US

clou d
lightning

*
**
©-#
**
ra in *
snow wind
 More wheels

w a go n
w h eelch air

skateboard wheelbarrow
Wild cats
 Wintertime

**+
snow m an snow
skate icicle

toboggan
xylophone N o is y to y s

=e4 A xylophone is a
musical instrument with
wooden bars o f different • •
lengths. You hit the bars * • • !•

with sticks to make

musical sounds.
Zoo animals
The alphabet
yacht
=n4 A yacht is a
boat used for
racing or pleasure
cruising. Most
yachts have sails.

Ships and boats

Aeroplane words
yawn
=s4 To yawn is to open
your mouth wide and
breathe in deeply. You
yawn when you are
tired or bored.
 Bicycle words

seat
h a n d le b a rs

w heel

spoke

pedal
Bird words

eye
 Boat words

sail

deck

propeller
Body words
 Car words

steering w heel

engine h ead ligh t

w heel
Cat words
year ’ece;
A year is a measure
o f time that lasts 12
months, 52 weeks, January
or 365 days. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 101112 13 14
1516171819 20 21
11 ig It25 26 27 28
Time
 Elephant words
ear

eye
tail

trunk
yellow
•s4 Yellow is the
colour o f bananas
and lemons.

Colours
 Face words

eye

m outh
ja w
chin
 Fish words
scales
tail
Flower words

p eta l
Foot words

an k le

heel

toe
finger
Horse words
House words

lawn door
 Insect words

eye

b od y

wing
 Letter words
stam p

postm ark

ad d ress
en velop e
yoghurt
Yoghurt is a thick,
creamy food made
from milk. It is often
sweetened with sugar
and flavoured with fruit

Dairy foods
yolk
=e4 A yolk is
the yellow part
o f an egg.
young
=s^ To be young is
to have been alive
for just a short time.
This baby is young.
Reptile words
 Tree words

le a f

twig bran ch
World words

South Pole
ABC
The alphabet
 Opposites

above
 Opposites

2+ add

10— 8 * 7
subtract
Opposites
 Opposites

bottom
Opposites
different same
 Opposites

clean dirty
 Opposites

'ip \
down .V
zebra
=*?$ A zebra is an
animal that looks
like a horse with
black and white
stripes on its body.

Zoo animals
zero
Zero is the
number that comes
before one. Zero
means nothing.

Numbers
zoo
=s4 A zoo is a
place where wild
animals are kept
so that people can
visit and learn
about them.
 Opposites

enter exit
 Opposites

cheap expensive
 Opposites

slow
Opposites
 Opposites

start finish
 Opposites

front back
 Opposites

empty full
 Opposites

happy sad
 Opposites

heavy
Opposites
Opposites

(A-
Opposites
Opposites
 Opposites

narrow wide
Opposites

new
open shut
 Opposites

over under
Opposites

push
 Opposites

float sink
Opposites