Important Questions for Class 8

Science
Chapter 1 - Crop Production and Management

Very Short Answer Questions 1 Mark

1. The instrument ‘combine’ is used for.

A. Sowing of seeds B. Harvesting the crops

C. Threshing D. Both harvesting and threshing
Ans: A correct option is an option (D) Both harvesting and threshing

2. Which one of the following statements is True about the storage of produce?

i. Harvested grains have less moisture.

ii. Farmers store grains in jute bags or metallic bins.

iii. Small scale storage of grains is done in silos and granaries

iv. Specific chemical treatments are required to protect crop from pests and
microorganisms.

A. ii only B. i, ii and iv

C. ii and iv D. iii and iv

Ans: A correct option is an option (C) ii and iv

3. is the festival associated with the harvest season.

A. Dussehra B. Ganesh Chaturthi

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C. Baisakhi D. Christmas
Ans: A correct option is option (C) Baisakhi

4. Rajeev is a farmer. He has ploughed the field but needs to level it. Which one
of the following can he use to level the field?
A. leveller B. harvester

C. cultivator D. seed drill

Ans: The correct option is option (A) leveller

5. Which one of the following is NOT a source of water for irrigation.

A. tubewells B. dams
C. lakes D. oceans
Ans: The correct option is option (D) ocean

6. Which one of these crops is cultivated during the winter season.

A. cotton B. linseed

C. groundnut D. paddy
Ans: The correct option is option (B) linseed

Fill in the blanks

1. Removal of unwanted and uncultivated plants are called.

Ans: Weeds

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2. The same kind of plants cultivated at one place on large scale is called.
Ans: Crops

3. is the cutting of the mature crop manually or by machines.

Ans: Harvesting

4. Proper storage of grains is necessary to protect them from

and .
Ans: Pests, Microorganisms

Short Answer Questions 2/3 Marks

1. Differentiate between Kharif and rabi crops. (3)

Ans: The difference between Kharif and rabi crops is:

Kharif Crops Rabi Crops

Crops grown in the rainy season is Crops grown in the winter season
Kharif crops. are Rabi crops.

Kharif crop harvesting season is Rabi crop harvesting season is from

from June to September in general. October through March in general

Few examples of Kharif crops are Few examples of rabi crops are
paddy, maize, soya bean, cotton etc. wheat, gram, pea, mustard, etc.

2. Identify the instrument given below and write a short note on it. (1 + 2)

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Ans: The seed drill is the equipment.

Seed drills are being used in combination with tractors to plant seeds. Seed drills
assure that seeds are planted evenly and at the same depth. During planting, the seed
drill covers the seed with dirt, preventing birds from eating it.

3. Give four examples of fertilizers. (2)

Ans: Urea, ammonium sulphate, superphosphate, potash, NPK etc.

4. What do you mean by the term irrigation? (2)

Ans: Irrigation is the process of providing water to crops at regular intervals.
Irrigation timing and frequency differ from crop to crop, soil to soil, and season to
season.

5. If a handful of seeds are given to you, how will you separate healthy seeds
from damaged ones? (2)
Ans: Fill a beaker halfway with water, add some seeds into it, and mix well. Set
alone for a while. You'll notice that some seeds sink while others float. Damaged
seeds become hollow and lighter, which allows them to float on water.

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6. Describe briefly animal husbandry? (3)

Ans:
a. Animal husbandry is the field of agriculture that deals with animals that provides
meat, fiber, milk, or eggs.

b. It involves daily care, selective breeding, and livestock keeping. Animals, like
plants, offer humans a wide range of food products for which they are grown
domestically or commercially.

c. They are given adequate food, housing, and care, which is referred to as animal
husbandry.

7. Why do you think the removal of weeds is essential? Write any one method
to control weeds. (2 + 1)
Ans: Weed removal is necessary because weeds compete with crops for water,
nutrients, and other fundamental requirements, causing crop development to be
limited and yields to low.

Weeds are routinely removed near to the ground with the use of Khurpi. Another
option is to use weedicides such as 2,4 D to control weeds

8. What is crop rotation? Why is it important? (2 + 1)

Ans: Crop rotation is a way of restoring nutrients in the soil by planting various
crops in order. Growing legumes as fodder one season and wheat the next is one
example. It is significant because it aids in nitrogen replenishment in the soil.

9. List the advantage of manure over fertilizers. (3)

Ans:
a. The water holding capacity of the soil improves by Manure.

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b. The texture of the soil improves by Manure.

c. The number of friendly microbes increases by Manure.

10. Define harvesting. (2)

Ans: The cutting of mature crops manually or by machines is known as Harvesting.
Harvesting of crops can be done either by pulling out the crops from the field or
cutting them close to the ground. In our country, Harvesting is either done by sickle
or by a harvester machine.

11. Choose the odd one out and give reason for the same. (1 + 1)

moat, dhekli, sickle, rahat

Ans: Sickle stands out as the odd one out. All of the others are ancient irrigation
systems, but a sickle is a tool used to harvest crops.

12. Correct the following statements. (1 + 1)

a. The separation of grains from the chaff is called weeding.
Ans: The separation of grains from the chaff is called threshing/winnowing.

b. Manure is a man-made inorganic salt.

Ans: Fertiliser is a man-made inorganic salt.

Long Answer Questions 5 Marks

1. Farmers practise several agricultural activities over a period of time.

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a. List all the activities performed by the farmers during the cultivation of
crops.
Ans: The activities involved are
a. Preparation of soil

b. Sowing

c. Adding manure and fertilisers

d. Irrigation
e. Protecting from weeds

f. Harvesting
g. Storage

b. Explain any one activity in detail.

Ans: Adding manure and fertilizers: (Answer may vary)
Manure and fertilisers are given to the soil in the form of nutrients for the healthy
development of plants.

Plants require vital nutrients from the soil to flourish. Crop cultivation continues to
reduce the soil's nutrients. As a result, farmers must apply manure to their crops in
order to restore the soil's nutrients. Manuring is the term for this procedure.
Manure is an organic material formed when plant or animal excrement decomposes.
Organic manure is made from decomposing materials.

2. Explain in detail about agricultural implements used during the preparation

of soil.
Ans: The main tools used for this purpose are plough, hoe and cultivator.
Plough: A plough is a tool made of wood or iron that is used to till or plough a field.
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Apart from tilling the soil, it is utilized for a variety of tasks such as crop fertilizing
process, clearing weeds, and so on. A pair of bulls or other animals, such as camels
or horses, pull this tool.
Hoe: A hoe is a basic instrument that is used to pull weeds from the soil and soften
the soil. It has a long wooden or iron rod. A blade-like device is attached to one of
its ends by a strong, wide, and bent plate of iron. Animals drag it along.

Cultivator: Nowadays, a tractor-driven cultivator is used to plough. The usage of a

cultivator saves both time and labour.

3. Why is the storage of produce important? Briefly describe the methods

involved.
Ans: Storage of produce is important because
a. If harvested grains are to be stored for an extended period of time, they must be
protected from dampness, insects, rats, and microbes.

b. Grain that has been harvested has higher moisture. If those grains are not dried
before storing, they may degrade or become infected with organisms, rendering
them unsuitable for use or germination. As a result, the grains are adequately dried
in the sun before being stored to minimise moisture content. Insects, pests,
bacteria, and fungus are all prevented by this method.
c. Jute bags or metal bins are used by farmers to store crops. Large-scale grain
storage, on the other hand, is done in silos and granaries to keep pests like rodents
and insects away.

d. At home, dried leaves of neem are used to store food grains.

e. To preserve huge amounts of grains stored in large godowns from pests and
microbes, special chemical treatments are necessary.

4. Write a short note on the following modern methods of irrigation.

a. Sprinkler system

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Ans: Sprinkler System: This method is particularly helpful on uneven terrain where
there isn't enough water. At regular intervals, the perpendicular pipes with revolving
nozzles on top are connected to the main pipeline. Water flows from the revolving
nozzles when it is permitted to flow under pressure via the main pipe with the support
of a pump. As though it were sprinkling, it is sprayed on the crop. Sprinklers are
particularly handy for lawns, coffee plantations, and a variety of other crops.

b. Drip Irrigation system

Ans: Drip system: The waterfalls exactly near the roots in this arrangement, drop
by drop. As a result, it's known as a drip system. It is the most effective method for
watering fruit trees, gardens, and trees since no water is wasted. It's a gift in areas
where there's a shortage of water.

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