Si Although, In spite of, Despite, and However

These linkers are all used to show contrast, demonstrating two ideas that are different or one idea
that is surpising and unexpected from another. The only difference is the way they are used; the
structure in which they are used.

Although: Is found at the beginning or middle of the conjoined sentence, but it is always at the
front of the clause, in front of a subject and verb. Although and commas. TRICKY because if they
are 2 independent clauses being conjoined we use commas, if there is one depenedent and one
independent we need no comma.

Although the salaries are low, I love Madrid.

I love Madrid, although the salaries are low.
We had a great time although it rained.

Despite and In spite of: Precede a noun, sometimes a pronoun, or verb in its gerund form, this is
because the gerund is really acting as a noun, even though it is a gerund form of a verb. These
linkers can also go at the beginning or in the midlle of clauses. At the beginning no comma, at the
beginning the clause they start need a comma at the end.

I love Madrid despite the low salaries.

I love Madrid in spite of the low salaries.
In spite of, or despite the low salaries, I love Madrid.

However: The function or structure of HOWEVER is different from the other links, but its meaning
is the same. However is not used to connect 2 clauses or 2 ideas, it is used to link 2 separate
sentences that have a relationship of contrast. Comma use: 1,2,3,

I love Madrid. However, the salaries are low. Being used as a conjuntive adverb to introduce a
contrast whish is followed by an independent clause.

I love Madrid. The salaries, however, are low. As an aside, comma before and after the aside.

I love Madrid. The salaries are low, however. As an aside at the end, comma before and followed
by a period.