internal : i. . ii. Sp. graaviTI ayin . iii. gassing : , sulphation .

3.

: shorting . sulphation .

4. : + - . : . emf . : . 5. : . : ) . gassing sulphation ) . : , . , . 6. : . : dislodging gassing sulphation . : , . 7. : JAR .

 . : , gassing, . : , . .

3. Internal Short Circuit : It is indicated by i. The cell will be warm even when the cell is ideal. ii. Sp. Gravity and voltage will be low immediately after charge. iii. No gassing.

Causes : Due to fallen pieces of hard sulphate, bending or treeing high degree of sulphation or sludge.

Treatment : The plates have to be removed and attend to for shorting element. If due to

sulphation or sludge the electrolyte has to be replaced.

4. Reverse Voltage of cells : The +ve and -ve terminals shows opposite Polarity.

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CAMTECH/S/2001/PECB/SCR-2

24

Causes : Due to short circuit it will be charged in reverse direction. This acts in Opposite direction to the main EMF.

Treatment : Remove the cause of short circuit and give slight charge.

5. Low Density of Electrolyte : The readings are lower than the rated one after charging and do not improve for continuous charging.

Causes :

a) Due to short circuit. b) Loss of electrolyte due to excessive gassing spillage or sulphation.

Treatment : Withdraw the electrolyte and make up with fresh acid to bring the value

of the specific gravity to the rated value, half an hour after stopping the charge and continue the cycle till the readings are correct. If the specific gravity does not come to the correct value, treat as for short circuit.

6. Shedding : Slight loss in capacity or short circuit in the case of very severe

shedding.

Cause : Due to excessive gassing there by dislodging peroxide paste from the grids

or due to sulphation.

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Treatment : Replace cell if severe, other wise give slight charge at low rate.

7. Sludge: This is the name given to the peroxide or sulphate sediments collected at the bottom of the jar. This is indicated by loss of capacity or short circuit visible in the case of transparent container.

Cause : This caused due to bad maintenance, excessive gassing, shock and vibration.

Treatment : Remove sludge, wash the plates and recharge at low rate in the case of slight formation. In the case of severe formation replace the cell.

Auto / Manual Batter Charger : (IRS specifications No. S86/92) The battery charges covered in this specification are self regulating type and are suitable for float working, boost charging and initial charging. This specification caters for automatic

mode of working also. In the automatic mode the charger will automatically change over from normal float working to boost working if the batteries are discharged and will switch back to float mode after they got charged.

Specifications :

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CAMTECH/S/2001/PECB/SCR-2 26

1. 2.

Input Voltage : 160 V to 270 VAC 50 HZ. Output Voltages :

Auto Mode

At rated current of 20 amps. At 12 V setting At 24 V setting 25.8V + 0.6 V 28.8V + 0.6 V

Float Voltage Boost Voltage Battery Current :

12.9V + 0.3 V 14.4V + 0.3 V 20 amps (adjustable).