Greek Tutor robes Leon Youll > ake AH | solon C4) o| : Keoteon (no CHOxgys) Serres » eleckron C-) Whey axe Tt diakormic dements : > Wy : Br 2 rN. ° C\g "Fy 2 La 2 Op Nx > a means pur o\ ohdws : Sepals CONISAS ok A OF More OkoMs Trcan Const of the same We cx otoms or Gere or Ayes oF hos Noh Ny, ACL Ka (3? Called compan5 Compound WONSSS 3 o¢ more different Apes of atoms: ‘Topic; Periodic Table > Ye Kaw Llemends ace arcane low otomic Surin to Wye axentes obomme number \ \e\\ rN wn to “he bothom ray Te Need atome numer \s fH. . Ore Yor lies. ayer om Rows goes horizen telly ard 4 Is Called Periods. Elements ore seppsoted 2) Melals 3) nonmelals 3) Metatlords(BY dice] as non metal element .T} is lotoked in metal Koup becouse Wh Shores Yre some. Ro perdics. — Smay metallic luster - Great heot ond electrical conductor ~ Ductile Cable to oe compressed into a Pan wire) -Molleable Dexble, able to hammer Wo ao 9 wart break! \ng ) - Vig densi ty — Wray rel ting + boiling points ~ Forms positive ions Cations) erol oper hes - Bw o ance a electri cal conductor We - cosh lveok s ~ low density ~ Lew melting + boi ling points* Soom cokion G1 and anions &) Meralloids pro per he: — rove, perttes ot boty metals ond Non mekals . Transikonal metals : Group 8. Main groups elements iS group A Group (A> alkali metals Group ah > Mkeline earth metals & roup 1% > Volo pss Group BAD Nove Ayal meals - oanty reactwe - Form cations wilh ot ChovagAlkaline earth metals. ~ Wgnly reactive loch not os reactive as al¥ali metals. — Form Cokions witha 42 charge Nols ons - Drodene ele ments ~ Form anions with -' Chore. Noble Gass | —Non ceackve anost Slable — \nerk pss. Topic » Longs + Neutral atoms > atomic Moss : et Protons + at Neutron pkomie number a of protons Moss number : the numberof protors andDaxinns th an atom. Lt is a whele Duweer. Moss num ler of Carton is 12. Raomic Moss: the number of protons and Neutrons for all the Noutral isotopes of an Clements TAis a decimal number. —? Mos UII eT 2 S Number Ko 6 atomt c number of Protons + neuen (Neutral atomd:jore whot you find on the Periodic talole. They Nove the sate amount of protons & electrons. >) Tey hove 0 Cheavag.. They ore Neutral. 6 Find Yhe a of provons; neutrons and Qecitons each atoms (al Protons 30 Neurron 20 electrons 20Neuston = atomic moss — Mass Number =bo- 27 2 y Proton =19 Newdron= 144 (Bro) “siearen = sound akomic¢ mass = 37 Shome oss - Mess number =z on- Bs W \Zons\ - aH odor with oO Charge. = AN ator\ aks o Comae. when (+ opins oc loses eleckrons. feudton = Tons has more protons than electrons co\\ed cartons (x) = hos more electron than protons ts called anton’ ¢) “+ Tons will alwoys hove the some nuntber dt yectors. as Ave atomic qumler. the 4 of‘Protons never Change ! You con only change Me queer ob elechtons. Example Wrike tne Srossog for the Lollowing ton: protons = 12 ey ea cHapR aay aeckrong ag F 7 7AtTILF Devry Ons > 12 Couron with a 3+ Charag. “Topic Leptoges Lentoges WOKS forms oF on dement [atom -\ will ove fre same aX ot protons AS Mav Original oom. — Hove ditlerent a ok neutrons Tesulin, 9 rem ovis, di Gerent mos numer “a Prokons =6& 2 eleckron = 6 Nevkcons = &Resulas no Yakion Protens= © = eheckrn.& BR {) cartoon ‘3 Weudvon = G °c (3-C=7 6 XS akomic numer” Ca of grorons ) alwsys the some in isotopes Coyloon -14 tu protons = 6c elector = & Neurrons = 8 24 Ro protons sy 231 ANY elecdton att Neus cons =\Z Topic: tow 40 bolance chemical EQuaONns Chemical reactions: The conver kon of one or more substance nko ov completely new subs tanceChem col equadton: re presen O& chemical reocten No ang, place The low of Conservation of mogs stntes Mel W A Ahemrcol Teatkon moss is neviner creoded nor des toyed. BW chem col rentkion nel ner creates Doc desh oes oromns. The. 4 of atoms of ench clement remains ne same one reothant and product aide: The number ot moles also remains the some for each atom on toh sides vid Sony ves keken place ee BS ST ‘ the new substance ne salostou “Yow wage with You end up wihZnrxB\C\ —P2n Cle 4 He TYPS of Chemical Reocktons 1) Com bination Synthesis : Nou tort off wrth 2 oF more feackons Amex combine 40 make ( product hx H®—> AB 2) Decorngo Sitton Rx : ( Reason 5 Woroken down yo 2 oF More. wets nor Ad ¥ com gound 4) ‘ingle Us pla cement : 1 Element ts ceploced oy ancther . Mac > wBtAC ) Double Us place ment & element replace 2 others. fox CY= KDA CH Comiane inner element with outer elements8) Combustion Rx. B aulskonce reorts with onjpen ops 1d enerayy 161 re form of \ighr ond Near. Combe UStion ceackons mugr InveWwe O2 as One Fea. cant. Op 4 ——~ —> COx, 4 AZO opic. : Proper Kes of moder Matter + 15 anything het hos moss or Volume: (Mass? is quankty or measurment ot Ta Kes. 15 the amount oF Spe an dole Takes uP. Thangs trek ar not moder ore! » form of eneray—> \tont wg -> soundPropeckies ot modiers are’ - color - Dens) - Rooting [medina “Ne = Volume Penk - wut - Feachuiy ~ com mush bili Were ore cokegories Prycialy ot cremicol. propertes Mosier com le chossiKedh ig Urs chemicoh COMYOS\ron oF As Pras % Kninep ddermine tha Substance is a Sold, ANS of \WAYAd. Yinow Coc ayprk tre Maleedes ace within Ne suloslance- Yon fosk SHR woewls axe trevine. Said Se Goi =F re Nolecules no solid are \olntly pasked and dont hove much room to move.— fixed volume (MReuidocs stoke the Srmpe ot contniine AWE Oy \n Liquid molecules are spared oul 0 Ly emote. ave able te move. Yree and Qui — The gra Z vaume are not red (Ges | ney kgs on eS contin -Gog meecules ore een more for - “Wray oe alble tm mae (more tree and quicker {has liquid. Slids Bot Nempereture. e@ Re eSure lake the phase Changes.“Bs Ane temperature © the akwosphere Wesue V. - fs Ahe Jemperatuce Y Ane okmosphere Kessuse 4. During fre prose canoes ot meding vapor Za\\ a and cabinet enero, uke W ONT iH Lemmpratuce. Ths tin tem tasys Wnension lo 4 between Ye moleuile: and COxXKS Me molecules to spread apart Krom eatin ater Nis qs Mole ales Me Poon 40 Neve Aurcay,\Coolwnq cacue-| -y releasing, Neok Regaattion + ws WF inden eek Ove quick . eon monde © {ree and quick \eok — ad ser bed to net beieg abe ke one at ea And Nestre r ved d Anche in gece: During, Ane ghase Chonges of condensation seen and ‘Sep ent Moeswles releae enero cealtone Wea Yio hem perature. THs 4 wy hemp Comyes cohension to 4 Yoeween Ne molecules . find 34 comces Re Molewdes to come chore togedrer os a sega | ney Nove NO room to move.The cooling, carve includes condengstion Leeeany, 2 devotion: Moktor , ——S “Pure _Suistones SD uceuce \nos samme chemical, VaKious compstia Compeiean Rrxoudh is Arcoudnok AKS THIHe some - Mirduse ts Compt Pure suskanee Of hwo or more / \ Puce Gadshanee Elemens Compound. Combine in one M Swo Skounce, we ihre L wor (i Z solar Helero GeNeOUS Homogeneous We comdsthion, ne BINLOD) 15 UNikDE” Varies. ood Ynece eouyon Yne sample @ axe ddSanek rere ose no OSknetoundarns {youn davies, opic’. Chemical Bonds erer low opin or snare eleckrons. This Wwhok orm a ‘ond lehween two ofoms. Mon form loonds in order to sors the Ddet Pele. the Qegek Rule) Skates elemerks combine in BON @ WX Nok wth atom hes 8 electrons ‘Nea, nar volonce shell. Tn order tor dhe te hoy YL Gow musk gve &O | psn OF Sone clecktons. | Nowe gases ove ne most stable elemeats They Nokurally hove @ Sail valence shel AN “cher odome Sire to be Uke the Nove Gongs.Ex ception Wel umn, only, HoS & ehecdtons in Ws Valence, Wel. Loe aheetvons Tecause ‘they hove, Rewer eleckrons in Yner ouker shall: K has 1 electrons XokoS PolWsHumn pod Hay WB Beckrong - A elecksons and (% CleckrOns orenlkes 0 Coon wih at CMOS: [Noa enelods \ Goan eleckc OOS Yecouse Yet Not more Sleckcong Ww Yar Outer Snel. Plove A AeThC OK Loads : Gem leleckfon @) A MOMS ond w elect Lede OQ OMON With -)Chase Noa mekods opin Cleckrons Wecose they Nowe More eleckrons \n Mar outer shell: Non mekols foren Vrron Sion witty 0 Yeap. Woe Croxog.\ Tonic \Qonds Hhe ekoms Hrek form ‘tonic 7 Lose on weko -& HON metal Span eheckrons (Ketel) axe \eosk Check ro negative - Non wekal) ase MEX deckroTeophwe, Canolenk ne0d8 ~akoeng trek form ancl / \ bones HOSE, cron POAMODS Ho cme hols M\ Moone mele cule hose covalent brds WrAWeee the Ame odomg . (Chlorine) 1 enoce eleckro negatisBese lore 1 adkyacks mae dleckrons 49 oxound TRS Make nlorne dark ally TRON Oo Shay, NeDpe w les decktoregaiive it his es Aedrore ocound ¥- Ts qrake hyde oop ‘orld PS . Ss When ne Salerence wr dechro divthy \whween fre two adoms 1s 2.0.5: This i talled a Polos (tavalent \vond’) WoO DO- aV= OA av 29 Poles Bord TE Me eleckson eqntvely is leg, thes 05 v Wvolent bond © Non por. fY ue Yrexe rs Sal) nove pIve hon iver, Ve WHerence 95 on SINK Koos oa a© (®) Me areod 2\ a\ WA Lodoome tole cule will Nove a ron @es wvoler_\ooad - Nowe: Dads ond Rose Acids ove Weds % Leary witnon WW and Ye Wis odtathed do an non Mekol Bose ore likely to hove Of in Vrem and for mekal edtnthed folk.- Dads release Wydsoogn Ww) ON WO nan, Roe release hyseonse oO) ons ww Ye. Kuds ore proton Donors Boxy are proton acceptor “Lewrs ferd will accept a pair of elechrons.~ Lems Rose will donate. 0 yosr ot eleckcons: Hy dagen Jon ts a [Proton When H* ions dissecioke in woher They Trunme Hydroriuin 100s Strom, acids and law disgotate or Vom. Tomplae, WW Buk on. WE oad 18 a Grong, cid. Th ig hound AO Oa¢ MOMGAH go AAS wre dog stion a Prohewns Sadun ny dconde So sArong lose. Weak acid ond loos dissotioke 96 ‘ionize. Wer ally OF Md O= all 1 O SoluOn. TA Ye sshukion 18 able f le reversed Cooled toy She douldle oscows) assume it1S & weok coludion. Sreeq, SGurons ose not reversible - ) 4g. hySX (endo \ 4 OW wad SI Recon Yet Baty Any OAKS Vy Wien gakolkon ose ok erggalacask EX 6 vb ‘Towc : Rensity- Mass Nolume Density = toass [volume Volume = Tess (density Nogs = dons wy K volwone Tope ~ Molar mags + mdleurlas mass.Mole 1 & eneagucment of how may THsadeS lokomp, ende cules are wy Ae Sone Vande = 6-032 x 10%? pares