Name.

Asim Ali

Roll no. 34

Semester. 8th

Submitted to. Sir Haider

Assignment.

Environment and the 18 Amendment.

From the internet i study Ahmad Rafay Alam. In 02 July 2010 he

writes that environment Pollution and ecology used to be number 24 on the Concurrent Legislative List
of Schedule 4 of the Pakistani Constitution. The whole Concurrent List has been deleted under the 18th
amendment. This means that provincial governments have a once-in-a-generation chance to re-imagine
their purpose and function in the face of climate change's disastrous consequences. The federal and
provincial governments' capacity to legislate on any subject or issue is explicitly defined in the
constitution. Items on the Federal Legislative List, including as customs taxes and foreign affairs, can only
be passed by parliament in Islamabad, not by provincial assemblies. Environment, for example, Both
could legislate, and provincial assemblies had sole authority over everything not covered by either.

The Concurrent List is no longer used as a result of the 18th amendment. The parliament in Islamabad
now has the right to act exclusively on matters on the Federal Concurrent List, while the provinces have
the power to legislate on anything not on the Federal Concurrent List, according to the constitution.

As the environment was on the Concurrent List, parliament in Islamabad passed the Pakistan
Environmental Protection Act, 1997 (Pepa). It called for a federal environment protection agency in
Islamabad and provincial environment protection agencies to enforce the law's requirements. Following
the 2001 Local Government Ordinances,

In further he says that the regulatory system clashed with enforcement's needs and demands. First,
provincial EPAs do not have all of the federal EPA's authority and functions. Then there was Pepa's
refusal to consider a sub-delegation to the district level. Unless you're a lawyer, grey zones in the law
are never a good thing. The majority of environmental enforcement actions end up in court and never
get addressed.

Another reason for the EPAs' inadequacy was that they were not financially self-sufficient under Pepa.
I've lost track of how many times environmental approval of government or government-backed
projects has been granted as a matter of course because the EPAs were unwilling to bite.In today's
Pakistan, the environment and climate change are the most essential and pressing challenges.
Everything else pales in comparison to them. A billion rupees is spent every day on pollution and
environmental deterioration. The majority of patients in hospitals are there because their drinking water
is contaminated. Hundreds of thousands of people die each year as a result of pollution. Respiratory
sickness affects millions of people. Climate change will exacerbate the problem. Pakistan is expected to
be one of the hardest devastated countries, according to the UN. Water scarcity will be followed by food
scarcity and finally severe energy shortages (worse, much worse than now). The sickness will spread like
wildfire. The ecology will deteriorate with time, and all of these things will become obsolete.will boost
rural-to-urban migration, placing urban areas, housing, sanitation, and sewage under strain. You see
what I mean.

The 18th Amendment's devolution of power to the provinces provides the ideal opportunity for
provincial governments to stand up and meet these problems. Provincial EPAs do not need to be
concerned about delegation of power because the provincial legislature can do so. Environmental
district officials might be granted specific authorities. Financial freedom is possible. Most critically, there
is an opportunity to rewrite the Business Rules. This is the small book, written in 1974 (before I was
born), that outlines each provincial department's responsibilities. A little proactivity in responding to
environmental and climate change concernscan be used to bring governance into the twenty-first
century.

My opinion.

Due to my opinion it is good because in 18th Amendment's all province have provincial
autonomy and in 18th Amendment the name of our province is change from Sarhad to Khyber Pakhtoon
Khwkh(KPK)