INVESTIGATIONS INTO HUMAN EXTRAVERTED Characteristics
Information Dense Format PERSONALITY
Made to be PRINTED. Little Difference in people have
huge Differences in their lives.
Models Starts in page 8
Read from top down. Behavior is a function of the person
Not left to right and the enviroment.
For example.
Content 1 Risk Management Strategies
Risk Avoidance
Risk Sharing
Risk Transfer
Risk Acceptance
Risk Reducuction
Risk Elimination
What Can You Influence or Control
Content 2 How a person will act is probalistic.
Behavior is based on the person
Behavior is based on curcumstance
The degree in which personality is
important depends on the degree on
the person is IN.
NOTE: FACTOR ANALYSIS
Content 3 How a personal behaves depends
on how strong the situational rules
are.
Ex. Church – has strong situational
Rules
Ex. Beach – has relatively weak
situational Rules.
Content 4 There are always Situational
RULES.
The degree in which a personal is
effected by situational rules is
proportional to their personal
sensitivity to situaltional rules.
Crazy people have low situaltional
sensivitiy
Content 5 The degree in which personality and
situation effect behavior is about the
same.
BIG 5 PERSONALLITY TRAITS
Having a trait means that person
shows a tendenciy to act a certain
way
Content 6 EXTRAVERSION TRAITS
Low vs High EXTRAVERSION
MOST IMPORTANT OF THE 5
TRAITS
SAYS MORE ABOUT BEHAVIOUR
COMAPARED TO ANY OTHER
TRAITS
Content 7 EXTRAVERSION DETERMININES
THE DEGREE OF Socialbility
BIG NOTE:
TRAITS FOLLOW A BELL CURVE!
OR A NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
Introvet = Lower Tail of Extroversion
TRAIT 3# AGREEABLENESS
#1 – SOCIABLITIY
Seeks opportunities to interact
with people more often.
More Talkative
When EXTRAVERTS are alone
they seek anyone to talk to.
EXTRAVERTS TEND TO BE MORE
- ASSERTIVE AND DOMINATE
- MORE ACTIVE AND BUSIER
- UPBEAT AND CHEERFUL
- SENSITIVE TO REWARDS
- SEEKS REWARDING
EXPERIENCES
TRAIT 2 – NEUROTICISM
OR EMOTIONAL STABILITY
THIS IS THE DEGREE IN WHICH
PEOPLE EXPERIENCE NEGATIVE
EMOTIONS
Experience Negative Emotions More
Frequently, Intense, Persisting
Sensitive
NEGATIVE EMOTIONS
ANGER< ANXIETY < SADNESS <
REGRET < GUILT < FEAR
People with NEUROTICISM
FEEL MORE
- INSECURE
- VULNERABLE
- AFRAID
FOCUSES ON RISK, FAILURES,
EMBARRASSMENT, REJECTIONS
THUS THEY AVOID SITUATIONS
THAT THEY CONSISIDER RISKY!
THEY DON’T BOTHER PEOPLE
VERY MUCH
THEY OVEREACT TO EVERYDAY
HASSLES, FRUSTRATIONS.
THEY ARE LESS SATISFIED WITH
THEIR LIVES
THEY NEED MORE EMOTIONAL
SUPPORT FROM OTHER
PEOPLE. THUS NEEDY.
NEUROTICISM can be TAUGHT
and LEARNED unwillingly! People
can be born with NEUROTICISM
Ex. Overprotective parents,
Worrying parents, Openly Negative
parentsm, Controling Parents,
Abusive Parents, Neglecting
parents, High Expectations Parents
Negative Parents… What Kind of
Children do they Raise? Based on
the Children’s traits… What can be
take Advatage of?
EXPLORE THIS TOPIC! LATER KK
The degree of which people have
positive or negative opionion about
other people.
Low-End = People who are mean,
unpleasent. Agonistic, Hostile,
Inconsiderate, Critical, Callous
High-End Kind, Pleasing, Positive or
Optimistic view of Human nature,
They see people as honest and
decent and they trust other people
more!
People Low in agreeable have low-
views of other people thus less
trusting.
Agreeableness and Conflict
Agreeable People try to resolve
conflict that’s acceptable to
everyone involve.
Value Negotiation More highly
Adverse to using power or force to
get what they want.
They are more coopertive when
dealing with other people.
They are more helpful when dealing
with people such as strangers and
other things.
Likely to donate their money and
time when other people are in need.
Low-Agreeableness
Tend to be more prejudice
Preconceived opinion that is not
based on reason or actual
experience, usually unfavorable.
BASED ON:
sex, gender, beliefs, values, social
class, age, disability, religion,
sexuality, race/ethnicity, language,
nationality, beauty, occupation,
education, criminality, sport team
affiliation or other personal
characteristics.
Pigeonholing A process that attempts
to classify disparate entities into a
limited number of categories
High-Agreeableness Characteristics
Places more value on relationships.
Motivate to have more pleasant and
close relationships.
Greater Effort to tolerate frustrations
caused by other people. Rather than
getting angry or lashing out.
THEY act more empathicly and see
the world from OTHER PEOPLE’S
eyes. Thus act more kind and
altruisticly.
Note: Low-AG can be empathetic
however its not automatic…
Tend to be more likeable or nicer
High-AG Can Influence Situations…
PERSONALITY TRAITS GLOBAL
CHARACTERISTICS.
Traits Lead people to behave a
certain ways. Traits can also
influence how people behave
around them. Other people can also
feedback to influence that person’s
behaviors.
PERSONALITY TRAITS CAN
CREATE ITS OWN SITUATIONS.
TRAIT 4 CONSCIENTIOUSNESS
Degree to which a person is
responsible and independent
They do what they should and if
they try to do it well.
Organized and more orderly
Persistence(When Boring)
-Work harder-
They do what needs to be done.
-Resist things that are Fun-
Impulse Control
In other words, Responsible
Key Characteristics
Plans, does things on time,
Organized-Orderly, Impulse control,
Follows rules, Works Hard
CONSCIENTIOUSNESS people are
more motivated therefore can be
learned when motivated.
TRAIT 5 OPENNESS
The degree in which people are
open and receptive to all sort of
things.
Not how open you are to interact
with other people. BUT an
intellectual and experiencal
openness
Receptivity
They are
INTELLECTUALLY CURIOUS
OPEN TO NEW IDEAS
TRY DO DIFFERENT THINGS
ENJOY TRYING NEW THINGS
LESS CONSERVITIVE
LESS TRADITIONAL
DOES NOT CONFORM TO
SOCIAL EXPECTATIONS
LOW OPENNESS
- Are less intellectually curious
- Certain that their personal beliefs
are correct.
- Die hard when it comes to their
beliefs
- Don’t like to try new things for the
sake of having a new experience
- More conventional
- Set in their ways
Less dogmatic and more humble
Flexiable with their Behaviour
!People tend to
GRAVITATE TOWARDS PEOPLE
WITH THE SAME LEVEL OF
OPENNESS
as them!
OPEN PEOPLE TEND TO BE
Toterate Difference in Opinion
Tend to have less conflicts
(Enemies) with other people
Less likely to be prejustice
More sadistfiying relationship and
people tend to like them more.
Parenting style
LOW OPENNESS
=More strict
=Desire Obidience
=More autoritative
=Expect Children to follow rules and
don’t tolerate objections
HIGH OPENNESS
=Listens to children more
=More tolerent to undesireable
behaviour
=Actively encourage children to
express opinions and to disagree
with them
Highly Open People
Aesthetically Sensitive
Enjoy Aesthetic Experience More
Ex. Arts, Music, Scenery
Feels more absorb and moved by
these experiences.
TRAIT 6 HONESTY/HUMILITY
The degree in which people are self-
center and selfish.
= - THERE A LINK BETWEEN BEING
The degree in which someone is
manupulative or sly.
The degree in which people feel
higher, superiour, and better than
other people. Arrogant
PSYCHOLOGY
are rooted in motivation and
behaviour.
How motivated are you to:
- be left alone
- spend time with other people
- be approved of by people
- to achieve or be successful
- be in charge or to follow
- seek rewards or avoid risk
Motivation is internal state that
directs behavior towards or away
from specific goals or outcomes.
Motivation
Instigate and Energize behaviour
People’s traits determines their
Motivations
Motivation Direct Behavior
Personality Motivation
3 FOCUS
AFFLIATION MOTIVATION
MOTIVE TO INTERACT WITH
PEOPLE
Lower
ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION
MOTIVE TO ACHIVE AND BE
SUCCESSFUL
Lower
POWER MOTIVATION
MOTIVE TO EXERT INFLUENCE
TOWARDS OTHER PEOPLE
AFFLIATION MOTIVATION
shy people can have high affiation
motivaton (Wish people are around)
Sensitive to what people think of
them.
Behave in way that seek attention
Clingy, Agreeable, Uncompetitive
Likes people who have the same
level of affliation motivation
ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION
Energtic when working
Likes working long hours
Work more intense when theres
something to achieve
Likes jobs where they can achieve
Like task that are challenging but
doable.
Parenting: Encourages Childs Effort
Type A: Cronic sense of time
urgency, thus, more stress.
(Eat fast, talk fast, hurry people
along, mutitask, never catch up)
TYPE A TEST: Can’t guess 1 min
Type A: Emotinally Sensitive to
anything slowing them down.
(Impatience and irratiablity)
POWER(Influence) MOTIVATION
Want to be a leader, Directive style
of leadership (Calling the shots)
High Power motivation individuals
have friends that have lower in
Power motivation.
Intrapersonal Motivation
1. MOTIVE OF CONISISTENTCY
INTERNAL MOTIVE TO HAVE A
CONSISTENT PERSONALITY
COGNITIVE DISSONACE
People have motive to have
consistent thoughts.
SELF-VERFICATION THEORY
People have a motive to maintain
their current views of themselves
Once you see yourself as certain
kind of person you will be have in
ways that yourself views.
BUT STUDIES SHOW PEOPLE
WANT TO ACT CONSISTENT
ONLY IN FRONT OF OTHERS
Issue – Evolutionary stand point
flexiablity is better then not.
People are motivated to behave
consistentely since other people
expect them to.
When people do something they
don’t believe in… Sometime they
change their beliefs to match it
IT’S AN EXTERNAL MOTIVATION
TO BE CONSISTENT!
2. MOTIVE OF SELF-ESTEEM
PEOPLE DO NOT HAVE A
FUNDAMENTAL MOTIVATION
FOR IT~! = Evolutionary stand point
SELF-ESTEEM IS AN EFFECT OF
BEING ACCPETED!!!!
INSTEAD OF PURSING SELF-
ESTEEM FOR ITS OWN SAKE…
PEOPLE SEEK SELF-ESTEEM
BECAUSE OF OTHER PEOPLE
- SO THEY WILL BE SOCIALLY
ACCEPTED.
- SO WHEN PEOPLE ARE
ACCEPTED THEIR SELF-ESTEEM
GOES UP
ACCEPTED AND HIGHER SELF-
ESTEEM.
IT’S A EXTERNALLY MOTIVATED
3. MOTIVE OF AUNTHENCITY
The motive to act based on or
(congruent) their values and
motives. NOTE: ITS MORE
ACCURATE THAN MofC
Assumes that people who are
aunthentic are more psychologically
more adjusted.
Interpersonal Motives
The motive of relating to
relationships or communication
between people.
EMOTIONS
EMOTION ACTION TENDENCY
- THE TENDENCY FOR A
SPECIFIC EMOTION TO ACT
!~EMOTIONS ARE CAUSED BY
AN URGE TO ACT IN
PARTICULAR WAY!
TYPES OF URGES
FEAR [ACTION TENDENCY]
ESCAPE OR AVOID FROM A
PRECIEVED NEGATITIVE
THREAT OR EMOTION.
DISGUST [ACTION TENDENCY]
AVOID A NASTY SUBTANCE OR
THING THAT’S RELATIVELY
HARMLESS AS LONG ITS NOT
TOUCHED.
JEALOUSY [ACTION TENDENCY]
WHEN A THIRD PARTY IS
INTERFEARING YOUR
RELATIONSHIP WITH SOMEONE.
YOU ELIMINATE THE THREAT BY
DOING THING SO THE RIVAL
DOES UNDERMIND THE
RELATIONSHIP
HAPPINESS [ACTION
TENDENCY]
KEEP DOING WHATEVER YOU
ARE DOING.
UNHAPPINESS [ACTION
TENDENCY]
TO CHANGE WHATEVER YOU
KEEP DOING.
ANGER [ACTION TENDENCY]
TO STRIKE OUT AND ELIMINATE
SOME BARRIER TO A GOAL
GUILT [ACTION TENDENCY]
TO REPAIR ANY HARM YOU
HAVE CAUSED.
To act or not to act
EACH EMOTION HAVE AN
ACTION TENDENCY
WE DO NOT ALWAYS ACT BASED
ON THE ACTION TENDENCY, WE
ACTUALLY TRY NOT TO ACT
BASIC EMOTIONAL DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN PEOPLE.
1. POSITIVE AFFECTIVITY
2. NEGATIVE AFFECTIVITY
THIS IS THE TENDENCY TO
EXPEREINCE EMOTIONS.
HOW MUCH YOU FEEL GOOD!
IS NOT RELATED TO
HOW MUCH YOU FEEL BAD!
THEY ARE INDEPENDENT
TRAITS.
BECAUSE MOST OF THE TIME
WE ARE IN A NEUTRAL STATE!
NEGATIVE AFFECTIVITY
DEGREE IN WHICH NEGATIVE
EMOTIONS ARE EXPERIENCED
THIS HAS A GENETIC BASIS
GENERALLY LESS HAPPY WITH
EVERYTHING
TAKES EFFORT TO CHANGE
POSITIVE AFFECTIVITY
FEEL GOOD IN GENERAL
MORE SADISITFIED
JUDGE THEIR LIVES MORE
POSITIVELY
COPE BETTER WITH PROBLEMS
THEY TRY TO SOLVE.
SAVOUR POSTIVE PEOPLE
EXPERIENCES
HAPPY OVERALL
MORE HAPPY EMOTIONS EX.
PRIDE
OVERALL HAPPINESS IS A
FUNCTION OF THEIR
PERSONALITY
APPRAISALS THEORY
SOCIAL ANXIETY
CAUSE =
WANT PEOPLE TO SEE THEM
SOMEWAY AND CONCERN
PUBLIC PERSONA
CAUSE 2 =
CONCERN OF NEGATIVE
EVALUATION. FEAR OF MESSING
UP AND NOT DOING WELL.
DOUBT IN SKILLS.
AFFECT INTENSITY
DEGREE IN WHICH ONE FEELS
EMOTIONS
CORRELATION WITH ART
STUDENTS AND THE OPPSITE
WITH SCIENCE STUDENTS
NO CORRELATION WITH
HAPPINESS
CHARACTER
!TRAITS ARE SITUATIONAL!
HONESITY AND INTERGIRTY IS
SITUATIONALLY SITUATIONAL
10 MOST IMPORTANT VALUES
1. SECURITY
2. SELF-DIRECTION
3. HEDONISIM= pursuit of pleasure
4. TRADITION= respect for culture
5. ACHIEVEMENT
6. CONFORMITY= KEEP NORMAL
7. SITMULATION/ EXCITEMENT
8. BENOVIOLENCE
9. UNIVERSALISM= CARE FOR
EVERYONE AND NATURE
10. POWER
PEOPLE VALUES ARE ON AN A THE TRAIT OF CURIOUSITY
HIERARCHY. VERY HIGH
THE BIG 5 TRAITS VS BIG 10 THE MOTIVE TO EXPOLORE OR
VALUES. TO UNDERSTAND
THEY JUDGE THING BASED ON DETERMINES HOW ONE SPENDS
VALUES THEY MORE LIKELY TO THEIR TIME.
JUDGE THING BASED ON IT HAVE BROADER FORM OF
1. NEUROTICISM HAVE NO INFORMATION
CORRELATIONS PROMOTE MEMORY
HIGH IN POSTIVE EMOTIONALITY
2. EXTRAVERSION
OPENNESS ARE CORRELATED
CORRELATE WITH
TO CURIOUSITY
SIMULATION
POWER AND STATUS
NEUOTICISM IS NEGATIVELY
ACHIEVEMENT
CORRELATED TO CURIOUSITY
HEDONISM
MORE CURIOUS PEOPLE HAVE
3. AGREEABLENESS
MORE SATISFING
CORRELATED CONVERSATIONS.
BENOVIOLENCES INTERESTED IN OTHER PEOPLE
UNIVERSALISM
SENSORY/PERCEPTIONAL
NEGATIVELY CORRELATED
CURIOUSITY – EXPERIENCES,
POWER
FEELING, SMELL
VS
4. CONSCIENTIOUSNESS
EPISTEMIC CURIOSITY –
CORRELELATED IN
KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING
SECURITY OR HARMONY
CONFORMITY
THEY ARE DISTINCT
5. OPENNESS
NEGATIVELY CORRELATED
TRADITION
THE TRAIT OF AMBIGUITY
!WHAT IS RIGHT OR WRONG!
PEOPLE WHO FEAR AMBIGUITY
BASED ON THESES MORAL
FOUNDATIONS WANT CLEAR AND CONCREATE
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
1. DID IT HELP OR HARM THER
GOOD ANSWERS SOONER OR
PERSON?
LATER
2. WHAT IT FAIR?
PEOPLE WHO ARE TOLERANT
SOME DIFFERENCES IN THIS
OF AMBIGUITY DON’T MIND
BROAD OR UNCLEAR ANSWERS
3. WHAT GROUP DOES THE
PERSON BELONG TO. WHO ARE AND DON’T NEED IT RIGHT
THEY LOYAL TO? AWAY.
NEED OF COGNITIVE CLOSER
4. WAS IT BASED ON AUTORITY LOW IN NEED OF CLOSER TAKE
OR TRADITION? TIME TO MAKE GOOD
DECISIONS
5. WAS IT IMMORAL, DIRTY OR HIGH COGNITIVE CLOSER MAKE
IMPURE? QUICK DECISION WITH LITTLE
EVIDENCE: More confident with
THESE MORAL VALUES AND their decisions
POLITICS
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
STERIOTYPES ARE GOOD TO
LIBERALS HAVE FOR STARTING FRAME
PRIMARY USE 2 FOUNDATIONS
ABOUT SOMEONE
CARING ABOUT OTHER PEOPLE
AND AVOIDING HARM INTELLECTUAL HUMILITY
THE DEGREE IN WHICH
THE IMPORTANCE OF FAIRNESS SOMEONE WILL ADMIT THEY
ARE WRONG
CONSERVATIVES POSSIBILITY THAT YOUR
USES ALL 5 FOUNDATIONS BELIEFS ARE WRONG
SEE 4:41:58
SUFFERING, FAIR, LOYALTY,
LIKES BETTER EVIDENCE
TRADITION, MORRALLITY,
SOME TRAITS TO EXPLORE
AUTHORITARIANISM
TENDENCIES
EXCESSIVE CERTAINTY THAT
YOUR BELIEFS ARE CORRECT
CLOSE MINDEDNESSS
SOCIAL VIGILATITISM
CONVINCE PEOPLE THAT THEY
ARE WRONG
NEED FOR COGNITION
THE DEGREE IN WHICH PEOPLE
LIKE TO THINK OR CONSIDER
INFORMATION.
BELIEFS CHANGE OR FUNCTION
LIKE PERSONALITY TRAITS
BELIEF OF HUMAN NATURE
PEOPLE ARE ALL GOOD OR
BAD? ARE THEY TRUSTING?
BELIEF OF WHAT IS WORLD IS
LIKE.
TO WHAT EXTENT DO BELIEVE
IS LIFE FAIR? BELL CURVED
DO PEOPLE USUALLY GET WHAT
THEY DESERVE GOOD AND
BAD? WHY DO YOU THINK
THESE INEQUALITIES EXISIT
THE EXTENT IN WHICH THE
WORLD IS JUST?
WHY DO
HOW RESPONSIBLE DO YOU
THINK PEOPLE FOR THINGS
THAT HAPPEN TO THEM?
(WORLD IS JUST IF THEY
DESERVED IT)
MORE JUST = LESS CARING
ABOUT CIRCUMSTANCES
NOT JUST(FAIR) = HARDWORK
DOESN’T PAY OFF
BELIEF OF LOCUS OF CONTROL
WHERE DO YOU THINK THAT
REINFORCEMENTS AND
PUNISHMENT COME FROM?
DO THINGS THAT HAPPEN TO
YOUR BEHAVIOURS FAULT?
THINGS THAT HAPPEN TO ME
WAS CAUSED BY EXTERNAL
FACTORS?
UR ACTIONS = INTERNAL
(EFFORT
UR ACTIONS = EXTERNAL (LUCK,
FAITH, DIFFICULTTY)
LOCUS QUESTIONS
WHY DO YOU GET SICK?
WHY DID YOU DO BAD IN THE
TEST?
WHY DID YOUR GIRLFRIEND
DUMP YOU?
WHY DID YOU FALL?
WHY DID YOU LOSE?
INTERNAL LOCUS = YOU GET
INFORMATION ABOUT WHAT
YOU CAN CONTROL
INTERNAL = BETTER STUDENTS
AND HEALTH (DOESN’T FEEL
POWERLESS)
WHY WHAT FACTORS MAKE
PEOPLE SUCCESSFUL?
WHY DID YOUR BUSINESS
SUCCEED?
AUTHORITARIANISM IS SET
OF BELIEFS AND TRAITS
3 AUTHORITARIANISM TRAITS
RIDGET BELIEFS AND
ATTITUTES (TRADITIONAL,
MIDDLE-CLASS)
PREJUDICE TO SET OF GROUPS
(TENDNCY TO DISLIKE AND LIKE
SEVERAL GROUPS)
PREFERENCE TO STRONG
POLITICAL LEADERS THAT WILL
CRACK DOWN THAT DON’T
CONFORM TO THEIR VALUES
FIRMNESS IN RELIGIOUS
VALUES
FIRMNESS IN PATRIOT/
NATIONALIST VALUES
TRADITIONAL SEXUAL ROLES
TRADITIONAL WOMEN LIKE
CONVENTIONALLY MASCULINE
MEN
TRADITIONAL MEN LIKE
CONVENTIONALLY FEMINENE
WOMEN
TRADITIONAL VALUES
CORRELATES TO CONSERVITISIM
- LESS CONCERN ABOUT THE
ENVIROMENT
- FEW RESTRICTION ON GUN
OWNERSHIPS
- PROLIFE ATTITUDES
- NEGATIVE ATTITUDES FOR
FEMINISM
PEOPLE HIGH IN
AUTHORITARIANISM
- VERY VERY NEGATIVE VIEWS
OF PEOPLE WHO DON’T SHARE
THEIR VALUES
- TEND TO BE PREJUDICE TO A
BROAD RANGE OF GROUPS
(RELIGIOUS AND NON-RELIGIOUS)
HOMELESSNESS, RACES,
RELIGIONS, HOMOS, DRUG-
DEALERS, LIBERALS
THESES ARE ALL COMPONENTS
OF
AUTHORITARIAN REJECTIONS –
DEVALUING REJECTING
CONDEMNING PUNISHING TO
THOSE WHO DON’T SHARE
ONES VALUES
PREFERENCE TO STRONG
POLITICAL LEADERS.
MEANING SOMEONE WHO WILL
CRACK DOWN TO THOSE THEY
DON’T BELIEVE IN.
SUPPORTERS SUPPORT
ILLEGAL TACTICS
AUTHORITARIANS = LESS
CONCERN IN HUMAN-RIGHTS AS
LONG THEY ARE DISLIKED
GROUPS
SOURCE OF AUTHORITARIANISM
PARENTING STYLES
AUTHORITARIAN PARENTS TEND
TO HAVE AUTHORITARIAN
CHILDREN
STRICT DISCIPLINE AND HARSH
PARENTING
ROLE MODEL OF ATTITUDES
CAN BE GENETIC
PEER GROUPS WITH
AUTHORITARIANISM
AUTHORITARIANISM VALUES
GET CHALLENGE IF THEY GO TO
COLLEDGE
FUELED BY UNCERTAINTTY AND
SECURITY
AUTHORITARIAN VALUES
INCREASE IN FACING SOCIAL
AND ECONOMIC THREATS
EX. DRUGS AND CRIME GOING
UP, ECONOMIC DOWN TURN,
CRISIS.
4 TYPES OF SELF-RELATED
BELIEFS
IDENTITY
SELF-EFFICACY
SELF-ESTEEM
SELF-COMPASSION
IDENTITY
TELL ME ABOUT YOUSELF
30 CHARACTERISTIC
… BUT EVERYTHING THAT
PEOPLE REPORT FALLS IN 2 TO
5 BASIC CATEGORY.
WHAT WOULD YOU SAY?
PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISICS (RACE, SEX,
GENDER, AGE, HEIGHT,
DISEASE, ENERGETIC
PERSONAL ATTRIBUTES
(INTERNAL)
(PERSONAL IDENTITIY TRAITS)
RELIGIOUS, PIANO, LIKE
SPORTS, ETC.
SOCIAL ATTRIBUTES
(RELATIONAL IDENTITIY)
FRIENDS WITH, FAMILY(SON)
ETC
CLASS(MEMBER) ATTRIBUTES
(CLASS/COLLECTIVE IDENTITY)
MEMBER OF A CLUB, COUNTRY,
MEMBER OF A RACE
TRANSCENDENTAL IDENTITY
CHILD OF GOD, KING OF MEN,
MEMBER OF THE COSMOS
IN THOSE 30 THINGS YOU MAY
HAVE DIFFERENT PATTERN
THAN THOSE LISTED
WHAT OF THE 4 TRAITS MOST
DEFINES YOU?
PHYSICAL, PERSONAL, SOCIAL,
CLASSES
JOBS AND IDENTITY TRAITS
PERSONALLY DEFINED
FED THEIR PERSONAL IDENTITY
LIKES, SELF-FULFILLMENT,
CONSISTENT WITH THEIR VALUES,
USE THEIR ABILITIES TO THE
FULLEST, FOSTERED THEIR
PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT.
SOCIALLY DEFINED
LIKES, GOOD RELATIONSHIP WITH
COWORKS, RECOGNITION, JOB
WITH ACTIVE SOCIAL LIFE, HAVING
FRIENDS, GOOD PAYING
IDENTITY TRAIT AND EXERCISE
PERSONALLY DEFINED
FEELING BETTER, SELF-
SADISTFACTION, IMPROVE
HEATH
SOCIALLY DEFINED
INTERACTION WITH PEOPLE,
LOOK BETTER
MORAL OF THIS LESSON WHATS
YOUR DOMINATE IDENTITIY?
SELF-EFFICACY
BELIEF THAT THEY CAN DO
CERTAIN THINGS. ACCOMPLISH
CERTAIN GOALS.
EFFECTS MOTIVATION AND
ABILITY TO COPE WITH SET
BACKS AND OTHER ISSUES
THOUGH WE HAVE HIGH SELF-
EFFICACY IN SOME DOMAINS
AND LOW EFFICACY IN OTHERS.
THE DEGREE OF INTENSISITY IN
SELF-EFFICACY DIFFERS.
HOW HIGH OF EXPECTATIONS
DO YOU HAVE?
CAN YOU SOLVE DIFFICULT
PROBLEMS IF YOU TRY HARD
ENOUGH?
WHEN YOU MAKE PLANS HOW
CERTAIN ARE YOU THAT YOU
WILL MAKE IT WORK.
WHEN SOMETHING LOOKS TO
COMPLICATED WOULD YOU
BOTHER TO TRY IT?
DO YOU GIVE UP EASY?
HOW OPTIMISIC ARE YOU?
TRAITS OF HIGH-EFFICACY
LESS FEAR OF FAILURE
LESS STRESSED
HIGHER SUCCESS DUE TO
MOTIVATION
PERSISITENCE
INDIVIDUALS DIFFERENCES IN
LEVEL OF SELF-ESTEEM
TRAIT OF SELF-ESTEEM
>THIS FLUCTUATES BASED ON
EXPERIENCES
EX, SUCCESS AND FAILURES
AVERAGE SELF-ESTEEM DIFFER
ASTRONOMICAL CORRELATION
WITH THE FEELING OF WELL-
BEING
HIGHER SELF-ESTEEM
LESS TENDENCY TO
EXPERIENCE NEGATIVE
EMOTIONS
GENERALLY REALLY GOOD
FOR YOU LOL
CAUSES OF HIGH SELF-ESTEEM
> FEELING THAT YOU ARE A
SOCIALLY VALUED PERSON
> EX. DOING WELL IN LIFE
>SEEING ONE SELF AS
ATLETHIC, SMART, ATTACTIVE
>HAVING GOOD RELATIONSHIPS
NOTE:
HIGH SELF-ESTEEM DOES NOT
CAUSES THOUSE POSITIVE
OUTCOMES BUT AN EFFECT OF
IT.
SELF-ESTEEM IS CAUSED
BASED ON BELIEFS AND
VALUES ON WHAT YOU THINK IS
A POSITIVE OUTCOME
SELF-COMPASSION
THE DEGREE IN WHICH ONE
MINIMIZED ONE OWN
SUFFERING. AND AVOID
CREATING UNHAPPINESS FOR
ONESELF
THE DEGREE IN WHICH THEY
WILL TREAT THEMSELVES WHEN
THEY STRUGGLING OR
SUFFERING.
APROACH IT WITH WARMTH OR
CONCERN RATHER THAN
JUDGEMENT OR CRITICISM
HIGHER SELF-COMPASSION IS
BETTER INDICATOR OF WELL-
BEING. AS IT IS A INDICATOR OF
EMOTIONAL STABILITY.
RESILIANCE, OPTIMISIM,
SATISFACTION
DEALS BETTER WITH
CHALLENGES AND PROBLEMS
LESS INCLINE TO PUNISH
THEMSELVES AFTER A FAILURE
NONE DEFENSIVE REACTION
people are
GREGARIOUS
fond of company; sociable.
ATTACHMENT STYLE
BABY ATTACHMENT STUDY
60% UPSET – CALMED DOWN
20% UPSET – STILL TROUBLE
20% NOT UPSET BEFORE/AFTER
ATTACHMENT STYLES DEFINED
ATTACHMENT ANXIETY
DEGREE IN WHICH PEOPLE
THINK THAT THEIR PARTENERS
CARE ABOUT THEM.
HIGH ARAN
PEOPLE DON’T CARE ABOUT
THEM AS MUCH
LOW ARAN
MORE SECURE IN THEIR BELIEF
OF HOW MUCH THEIR
PARTENERS CARE ABOUT THEM
ATTACHMENT AVOIDANCE
DEGREE IN WHICH ONE RELIES
ON ANOTHER PERSON OR
PARTNER..
HIGH ARAV
LESS CLINGING
LESS ANXIOUS ABOUT OTHER
PEOPLE CARING ABOUT THEM.
PREFER TO NOT RELY ON
OTHER PEOPLE.
TROUBLE TRUSTING OTHER
PEOPLE.
LOW ARAV
KINDA CLINGING
RELYING ON OTHER PEOPLE
COMFORTABLE IN TRUSTING
OTHER PEOPLE AND HAVING
OTHERS DEPEND ON THEM.
NOTE: AAV AANCAN BE
CHANGED BUT SET IN
CHILDHOOD
TYPE 1 60%
SECURELY ATTACHED
LOW ARAN
LOW ARAV
GOOD RELATIONSHIP OVERALL
TYPE 2
UNSECURELY ATTACHED
HIGH AAN
HIGH AAV
BAD RELATIONSHIP OVERALL
TYPE 3
LOW AAN
HIGH AAV
N/ GOOD RELATIONSHIPS IF
HIGH IN AAV.
TYPE4
HIGH AAN
LOW AAV
WANT CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS,
THINK PEOPLE DON’T CARE
ABOUT THEM.
DEPENDENT PERSON
PERSUATION TACTICS STYLE
POSITIVE SYSTEM
1 RATIONAL AND REASONS
2 RECIPOCATE REWARD
3 CHARM CONVINCE LIKING
4 OBLIGATION DUTY
5 EVERYONE IS DOING IT
NEGATIVE SYSTEM
1 COERCION(FORCE)
2 THREATS
3 DISPROVING INSULTS
4 SULK
5 WHINE
6 SILENT TREATMENT
NOTE: CHARM AND COERCION
USUALLY RESERVE FOR
ROMANTIC RELAITONS.
TACTICS WE MOST USE
RELATES TO OUR PERSONALITY
PREFERED TACTICS
EXTRAVERSION
CONSCIENCENESS
HIGH
-RATIONAL/REASON
NEUROTICISM
HIGH NEURO
- WHINE
- POUT
- SULKING
- EMOTIONAL DEMANDS
OPENNESS
HIGH
-RATIONAL/REASON
AGREEABLENESS
LOW AG
- COERCION – SILENT
- DEMAND/ CRITIZES
HUMILITY/SELFLESSNESS
FAVORITE TACTICS CAN
DEFINE PEROSNALLITY
MACAVALIANISM
ANY MEANS TO AN END
HIGH MACA
-TELL PEOPLE WHAT THEY
WANT TO HEAR
-ACTION DOESN’T NEED TO BE
MORALLY RIGHT
-BETTER BE IMPORTANT AND
DISHONEST
-SELFISH FASHION
-DOES NOT HONOR AGREEMENT
-GUILT PEOPLE
MACAVALIANISM
STARTS WITH MILD
MANIPULATION THEN TO
HARSHER TACTICS
MACAVALIANISM
LOW IN AGREEABLENESS
LOW IN CONCIOUSNESS
TYPES OF EMPATHY
COGNITIVE EMPATHY
UNDERSTANDING ANOTHER
THOUGHTS. TAKING A
PERSPECTIVE
EMOTIONAL EMPATHY
UNDERSTANDING ANOTHER’S
FEELING AND YOURS
EMPATHIC CONCERN
TENDERNESS AND SYMPATHY
WHEN SOMEONE IS
DISTRESSED
ALL THREE TOGETHER IS
CALLED DISPOSITIONAL
EMPATHY
THE BIG 5 TRAITS VARY
DEPENDING ON THE SITUATION
WE CAN MEASURE THEIR
DOMINATE TENDENCY BUT ITS
DIFFICULT TO MEASURE
VARIABILITY
YOU THINK OF SITUATIONS AS
SO…
IF A SITUATION IS LIKE THIS
THEN USE THIS TRAIT.
THESES ARE THE MENTAL
RULES THAT GUIDE US
CAPS MODEL
COGNOTIVE AFFECT
PROCCESSING SYSTEM IS THE
IDEA THAT PERSONALLITY
DEPENDS ON IF THEN RULES
THIS EXPLAINS CONSISTENCY
AND VARIABILITY
FOMO – FEAR OF MISSING OUT
HOW MUCH DOES PEROSNALLY
CHANGE OVER TIME
PERSONALLITY BECOMES MORE
STABLE WITH AGE
AS THINGS BECOMES MORE
ROUTINE. STABLE
THINGS THAT INCREASES WITH
AGE
NEUROTICISM
AGREEABLENESS
CONSCIOUSNESS
TENENCIES WE ALL SHARE
AS HUMANS
1. ACCEPTED AND APPROVE OF
2. BLEMISH AND SCARS MAKE
PEOPLE LESS ATTACTIVE
3. TENDENCIES TO BE LIKE
PEOPLE OF SIMILAR
ETHNITICIES AND BACKGROUND
BASED ON EVOLUTION
WHATS ATTACTIVE
- DARK BAGS IN THE EYES
- BLOODSHOT EYES
- DEFORMIITY
- LACK OF SYMETRY
- OPEN SORES AND INFECTIONS
WOMEN ARE MORE SELECTIVE
THAN MEN WHEN IT COMES TO
SEX
MEN PERFER YOUNGER WOMEN
(YOUTH)
BROTHER AND SISTER
COMPETE FOR PARENTS
ATTENTION
STRATEGIC NICHE SPECIALSION
FIRST BORNS TEND TO ASSUME
THE HELPER ROLE TO GET
ATTENTION
MIDDLE CHILD
LAST CHILD TEND TO BE MORE
REBELIOUS SINCE THEY NEED
ATTENTION.
GIRLS – CHILDHOOD STRESS BY
PUBERTY
- STRESSED GIRLS TEND TO
START PUBERTY EARLIER
===========================
ALL PERSONALITY COME FROM
THE BRAIN.
APPROACH AND AVIODANCE
IN THE BRAIN THERES
APPROACH
BEHAVIOUR ACTIVATION
SYSTEM(BAS)
TRIGGERED BY REWARDS
AVIODANCE
BEHAVIOUR INHIBITION SYSTEM
TRIGGERED BY
PUNISHMENT(BIS)
PEOPLE DIFFER ON THE
SENSITIVEITY OF THEIR (BIS)
AND (BAS) SYSTEMS.
THEREFORE SOME FEEL IT
MORE STRONGLY
SENSITIVE BAS = IMPLUSIVE
TEND TO BE EXTRAVERTED
AND HAVE POSITIVE EMOTION
SENSITIVE BIS
RISK AVERSE
CONSEOUSNESS TEND TO BE
HIGH IN BAS AND BIS
AGREEABLENESS
LOW IN BAS HIGH IN BIS
OPENNESS LOW IN BIS
NATURE VS NURTURE
BOTH AFFECT PERSONALITY
HERITABILITY
WHAT TRAIT VARIANCE IS
EFFECTED BY GENETICS
HIEGHT IS 87% COME FROM
GENES
INTELLIGENCE 50% COME FROM
GENES
FOR THE BIG 5 TRAIT. ONLY 50%
COME FROM GENES BUT STILL
EFFECTED.
TEMPERMENT
ACTIVITY LEVEL
FEARFULNESS
SOOTHING
PARENTS CAN AFFECT THEIR
CHILDRENS PERSONALITY
DIFFERENT CHILDREN GETS
EFFECTED BY THEIR PARENTS
GENES ONLY EFFECT 30 TO 40
PERCENT OF WHO YOU ARE
WHILE 60% TO 70% IS BY YOUR
ENVIROMENT AND
EXPERIENCES
LEARNING OCCURS WHEN YOU
ARE CHANGED BY SOMETHING.
REWARDS AND PUNISMENT ON
DEFINED ON ITS OUTCOME.
THUS ITS DIFFERENT FOR
EVERY PERSON.
WE CAN LEARN THROUGH
OBSERVESION
PERSONALITY IS EFFECTED BY
GENETICS
OPERANT CONDITIONING
EXPERIENCES LEARNING
CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
OBSERVED LEARNING
POST TRUMATIC STRESS
POST TRUMATIC GROWTH
TRAMATIC EVENTS CAN
RAPIDLY CHANGE A PERSON
PERSONALLITY.
DEPENDING HOW THEY COPE
PERSONALITY DISORDER
RIDGET AND INFLEXABLE
PATTERN OF BEHAVIOUR
SELF DEFEATING – HURTS THEM
AN OTHER PEOPLE
GET WORST DURING STRESS
DSM – IS THE MANUAL
DRAMATIC DISORDERS
ANTI-SOCIALBEHAVIOUR
- DISREGARD OF THE WELL
BEING OF OTHER PEOPLE
- COLD HEARTED/ DON’T CARE
- IMPULSIVE
- DON’T APOLOGIES
- THINKS THEY ARE FREE
- LOW IN AGREEABLENESS
- LOW IN NEUROTICISM
- LOW IN CONCIOUSNESS
- LOW SELFLESSNESS
- RARE-MEN USUALLY
UNSTABLE EMOTIONAL
DISORDER
BORDERLINE EMOTIONAL
DISORDER
- UNSTABLE
- IDEALIZE SIGNIFICANT OTHER
- CHRONIC ATTENTION SEEKING
- EVERYTHING THEY SAY IS A
BIG DEAL
- THEY ARE FLIRTY AND TEND
TO UNDER DRESS
- IGNORE WHAT PEOPLE SAY
UNTIL THE ATTENTION IS BACK
TO THEM
- MIGHT DO SOMETHING
DRAMATIC AND OUTLANDISH TO
GET THEIR ATTENTION BACK
NOT AS BAD AS ANTI-SOCIAL
2% GOOD IN CERTAIN INDUSTRY
NARCISSIST
- EXCESSIVE SENSE OF
SUPERIORTY AND SELF-
IMPORTANCE
- PUT EXCESSIVE IMPORTANCE
IN THEIR POSITIVE
CHARATERISTIC
- ENTITLED TO BE TREATED
SPECIAL EVEN IF THE
SITUATION DOESN’T CALL FOR
IT
- DISREGARD OTHER PEOPLE
VIEWS AND RIGHTS
- LOW IN EMPATHY
- RARELY FEELS BAD
- TEND TO BE CHARMING
- TEND TO BE CONFIDENT
- MAKE A GOOD FIRST
IMPRESSION, BUT GETS WORST
OVERTIME
- EXPERIENCE NARCISSIST
RAGE WHEN STRESSED OR
INSULTED
- HARD TO INSULT & PUT DOWN
COLD AND UNCARING PARENTS
CAN LEAD TO NARCISSIST
PARENTS REGARD THER
CHILDREN TOO POSTITIVELY
CAN LEAD TO NARCISSIST
OVERVALUED CHILDREN TEND
TO BE NARCISSITIC.
(PARENTS WHO THINK THAT
THEIR CHILDREN IS RARE)
HIGH ANXIETY DISORDERS
NOTE: SOCIAL ANXIETY IS
PERFECTLY NORMAL
SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER
AVOIDANT PERSONALITY
DISORDER
CHRONICLY PRE-OCCUPIED TO
BE CRITIZISED AND REJECTED
IN WIDE RANGE OF SOCIAL
SITUATIONS
EXTREME FEAR OF BEING
CRITIZISED AND REJECTED
NOT JUST SOCIALLY ANXIOUS
BUT ALSO AVOID SITUATION
WHERE THEY NEED
INTERACTION PEOPLE
TROUBLE MEETING PEOPLE AND
MAKING FRIENDS
TROUBLE FINDING ROMANTIC
PARTNERS
CAN HAVE SADISTFING
RELATIONSHIP WITH FAMILY
AND FRIENDS. ONLY IF THEY
CERTAIN THAT THEY WILL LIKE
OR ACCEPTED.
CAN BE INHIBITED AS THE FEAR
OF SOMETHING THAT LEAD TO
DISAPPROVAL
DEEP FEELING OF INADEQUACY
SEE THEMSELVES AS INFERIOR
OR INADEPT
LOW SELF-ESTEEM AS AN
EFFECT
THEY THROUGH LIKE FEELING
ALIENATED .
THEIR NEED TO BELONGING
ISNT
DEPENDANT PERSONALLITY
DISORDER
ALWAYS IN NEED AND CAN’T DO
THINGS WITHOUT HELP
SIMILAR TO BORDERLINE
AS IT’S A FEAR OF REJECTION
OR ABANDONMENT
BUT WHEN ABANDONED THEY
FEEL RAGE OR MAKE DEMANDS
BUT DEPENDANT REACT BY
BECOME ANXIOUS AND BECOME
MORE DEPENDANT
DEPENDANT PERSONALLITY
DISORDER
NEED CONSTANT HELP FROM
OTHER PEOPLE.
CANT DECIDE FOR THEMSELVES
THEY ARE NOT CONFINDENT
WITH THEIR OWN ABILITIES
FIRMLY BELIEVE THAT THEY
CAN FUNCTION INDEPENDENTLY
GO GREAT LENGTHS TO HELP
SOMEONE FOR NURTURE AND
SUPPORT.
BEHAVE IN WAYS TO GET
OTHERS TO HELP THEM.
THEY DO FAVOURS THAT MAYBE
INAPPORIATE.
GOAL IS TO GET OTHER TO
RECIPOCATE TO GET BE
AVAILABLE FOR THEM
- HARD TIME DISAGRING
- THEY HAVE HARD TIME
STANDING UP TO OTHER
PEOPLE
- TEND TO BE NICE AND
HELPFUL
STRUCTURE THEIR LIVE TO
SOMEONE FOR SUPPORT
-CLINGY
- DON’T KNOW HOW TO MANAGE
ON THEIR OWN
CAN LOOK LIKE AVOIDANT
PERSONALITY SINCE THEY
BECOME CLINGY TO THOSE
THEY ARE CLOSE TO.
THEY DIFFER BY MOTIVATION…
CARING VS REJECTION
OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE
DISORDER
OVER-INCURING AND
RECLUSIVE THOUGHTS
THEY CANT STOP THINKING
ABOUT CERTAIN THINGS
OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE
PERSONALITY DISORDER
OBSESSIVE PRE-OCCUPATION
TO ORDER AND SELF-CONTROL
(EXTREME CONCIOUSNESS)
PRE-OCCUPISED WITH
EXCESSIVE DETAILS ABOUT
THEIR LIFE.
OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE
PERSONALITY DISORDER
OVERLY ORDERLY SUCH AS
ORGANIZED CLOSETS. THEY
CAN’T HELP IT.
OFTEN OVER WORK
THEMSELVES
LOOOOVE TO WORK
WHEN THEY DO TAKE A BREAK
THE GO ALL OUT TO MAKE LIKE
WORK
MOST PREVELENT WITH 2.4%
DOUBLE EDGE SWORD
PARANIOD PERSONALITY
DISORDER
HIGH DEGREE OF DISTRUST OF
OTHER PEOPLE. SUSPECT THAT
PEOPLE ARE TRY TO HARM
THEM. THEY HAVE A BIAS WHEN
PEOPLE ARE THREATING.
THEY CANT LOSE TRACT OF
REALITY
PARANIOD SCHIZOPHRENIA
DISTRUST PEOPLE AND
HALLUCINATION DISTRUSTFUL
PEOPLE
CAN DISTINGUSH WHATS REAL
SCHIZOID PERSONALITY
DISORDER
EXTREMELY LOW NEED FOR
OTHER PEOPLE. THEY ARE
DETACHED FROM PEOPLE.
PREVASIVE PATTERN OF
DETACHMENT FROM SOCIAL
RELATIONSHIPS.
THEY DON’T CARE OF HAVING
RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHER
PEOPLE
INDIFFERENT TO PRIASE,
INSULT, AND REJECTION
LIVE SOLITARY LIVES AND BE BY
THEMSELVES.
NO CLOSE FRIENDS
NO INTREST IN SEX
FLAT EMOTIONS
SEEMS ALOOF & SELF-ABSORB
AWKWARD TO TALK TO AS THEY
DON’T RECIPOCATE WHEN THEY
ARE TALKED TO
THEY DON’T WAVE BACK AND
SMILE WHEN YOU SMILE
DON’T RESPOND WELL TO
SOCIAL CUES
AFFECT 3 TO 5%
SCHIZOID PERSONALITY
DISORDER
THEY DO WELL BY THEMSELVES
SECRET SCHIZOID
THEY LEARN TO PLAY THE PART
OF ANOTHER PERSON
APPEAR SOCIALLY ENGAGED
LACK INTEREST IN CLOSENESS
SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY
DISORDER
OBVIOUSLY DIFFERENT OR
PSYCOLOGICALLY DIFFERENT
ON HOW THEY LOOK, BEHAVE,
AND THINK.
USUAL THOUGHTS AND IDEAS
AND EXPLAIN AND TELL THINGS
VERY STRANGELY
DIGRESS A LOT, USE LOSE
VAGUE LANGUAGE, ODD
MANNERISM AND EXPRESSIONS.
THEY MIGHT NOT LOOK OTHER
PEOPLE WHEN THEY TALK.
THEY MIGHT NOD OR JUST
WALK AWAY
THEY DRESS UNSUALLY. THEY
DON’T DO IT FOR ATTENTION
THEY JUST ARE.
THEY ARE DIFFERENT FROM
EVERYBODY
ISSUES WITH SOCIAL
INTERACTIONS. OFTEN STIFF
DISORDERS TEND TO BE VERY
HERITABLE
BE AUTHENTIC
YOU DON’T NEED TO
NO NORMAL PERSON ACT THE
SAME WAY – IN DIFFERENT
SITUATIONS
IT’S A SERIOUS
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEM TO
ACT THE SAME WAY ALL THE
TIME
HOW TO BE WELL ADJUSTED
1 LACK OF PSYCHOLOGICAL
ISSUES – DISORDER
2 GET ALONG WITH PEOPLE
HIGH AGG LOW NEUROTIC
3 PURSUE THE GOALS THEY SET
FOR THEMSELVES
4 COPE WITH ISSUES OF LIFE
5 HAVE GOOD EXPECTATIONS