INTERMEDIATE CLASS 09 – Talking about rules and obligation

‘You mustn’t do that!’

WARM UP

Let’s play: RULES! RULES! and more RULES! Look at the following places. Can you
mention some things that you can and can’t do there?
DIALOGUE
Read the following conversation between two boys at school out loud with your
tutor then switch roles. Take a look at the underlined sentences.

“Have you ever been sick at school?”

Nick: Hi Galih, what’s bothering you? Are you ok?
Galih: No, not really. I have a stomachache.
Nick: Have you already seen the doctor?
Galih: Not yet. I must follow the English lesson in the classroom.
Nick: No way, Galih, you mustn’t continue with the lesson if you are feeling sick,
you must talk to your English teacher.
Galih: Yes, I know I have to. But I can’t miss the exam, it is really important.
Nick: Well, you must explain to the teacher the situation.
Galih: Yes, the teacher must understand.
Nick: You have to leave early and go to the doctor soon.
Galih: Yes, you’re right. I think I can ask the doctor a sick note.
Nick: Hope you’ll feel better. Do you want me to take you to the doctor?
Galih: Oh, you don’t have to do it. Thank you so much.
Nick: You’re welcome!

What similarities and differences can you find among the underlined sentences?
GRAMMAR FOCUS
Modal verbs in English are really important to express PERMISSION or
OBLIGATION. There are some similar modal verbs that have slight differences.

We will check this so you can keep improving your English proficiency.

CAN HAVE TO (law or company rules) &

MUST (my opinion)
The action is possible
The action is necessary
I can ask the doctor a sick note. (an obligation)

I must follow the English lesson

you must talk to your English teacher.

CAN’T (it’s against the rules) &
MUSTN’T (something is wrong to do)

The action is not possible, it’s

against the rules DON’T HAVE TO

I can’t miss the exam The action is possible but not

necessary

you mustn’t continue with the

you don’t have to do it
lesson

Read the following text on HOW TO START A COURIER BUSINESS so you can
check more examples of the modal verbs of this lesson

First, you have to have a vehicle – a car, a van or a motorbike. This will cost money but
you don’t have to own the vehicle. You can rent a car or van. Using a motorbike will
limit your customer base because you can’t carry large or heavy items on a bike.

You have to have insurance. If you use your own car, you might have to pay more
when you use it for business. You must have enough money for petrol or diesel.
A mobile phone is also necessary so customers can contact you while you’re out and
about.

Access to a computer is also important because you must keep accurate financial
records and you mustn’t forget to provide customer with a receipt for their goods.
PRACTICE
Continue the reading HOW TO START A COURIER BUSINESS and complete the
blank spaces with the modal verbs.

If you use a van and not a bike, you ____ wear special clothing like a helmet, you
____ pay tax on the money you earn, you ____ enjoy driving or the job will be
very stressful. As soon as you start making a profit, you ___ think about
employing another driver. You ___ employ a drive without checking that he/she
has a valid driving license.

Read the sentences that you might find in your daily routine. Which sentence A, B
or C has the same meaning?

NO ENTRY WITHOUT A HELMET. MEETING IN PROGRESS. DO NOT

DISTURB.
a. You can wear a helmet a. You mustn’t stop the meeting
b. You must wear a helmet b. You don’t have to stop the meeting
c. You don’t have to wear a helmet c. You can stop the meeting

FREE DELIVERY, POSTAGE & UNDER 25 YEARS OLD? NO ID=NO

PLACKING. ALCOHOLIC DRINKS
a. You can’t pay delivery charges a. We can’t serve you alcohol without ID
b. You don’t have to pay delivery charges b. We can serve you alcohol without ID
c. You mustn’t pay delivery charges c. We don’t have to serve alcohol without ID
CONVERSATION
Now use the following video about some doctor appointments as a guideline to
form an interesting conversation with your tutor.

(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qScUhFfBntg&feature=youtu.be)

1. Mention some of the advices given by the doctor.

2. What the old man must do to avoid problems with his heart?
3. What the guy mustn’t continue doing to protect his hearing?
4. What do you have to do tomorrow?
5. What can you do that most of people are not able to?

SHARE ONE THING YOU’VE LEARNT IN THIS CLASS

HOMEWORK
Choose the correct modal verb for the following sentences:

must, mustn't, have to, don't have to and can't.

1. You _____ be 17 years old or more to drive a car in the UK.

2. You _____ wear a seatbelt at all times.

3. You _____ make sure that all passengers in your car also wear seatbelts.

4. You _____ use your mobile phone when driving.

5. You _____ remember to drive on the left!

6. You _____ vote if you're under 18 years old.

7. You _____ get married at 16 years old.

8. You _____ be over 18 to get served in a pub.

9. You _____ legally smoke if you're under 18.

10.Young men _____ do military service but they can choose to as well.
ANSWERS

PRACTICE
I. Continue the reading HOW TO START A COURIER BUSINESS and
complete the blank spaces with the modal verbs:

If you use a van and not a bike, you DON’T HAVE TO wear special clothing like a
helmet, you HAVE TO pay tax on the money you earn, you MUST enjoy driving or
the job will be very stressful. As soon as you start making a profit, you CAN think
about employing another driver. You CAN’T employ a drive without checking
that he/she has a valid driving license.

II. Read the sentences that you might find in your daily routine. Which
sentence A, B or C has the same meaning?

1. You must wear a helmet. (A)

2. You mustn’t stop the meeting. (A)

3. You don’t have to pay delivery charges. (B)

4. We can’t serve you alcohol without ID. (A)

HOMEWORK
I. Choose the correct modal verb for the following sentences:

1. have to

2. have to

3. must

4. can’t

5. have to

6. can’t

7. mustn’t

8. have to

9. can’t

10. must