Business

Statistics
Lecture 11 – ANOVA
Wendy Suganda, MBA, AFHEA, CHRP
Ganjil 2022
Last Week..
▪ We discussed about Student T-test
▪ The term "t-statistic" is abbreviated from "hypothesis test statistic“
▪ The T-Distribution, also known as Student's t-distribution, gets its name from William Sealy
Gosset who first published it in English in 1908 in the scientific journal Biometrika using the
pseudonym "Student"

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Visualisations

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This Week:
▪ We will discuss about ANOVA
▪ What are the key difference between ANOVA and T-Test?
• T-test is based on Student’s T statistics
• ANOVA is based on F-statistics

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F-Statistics
▪ Coined by George C. Snedecor in around 1938
▪ He attributed the finding in honour of Ronald Fisher
▪ Hence, the test is called Scnedecor’s F-test, or simply F-test

Snedecor Fisher
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F-Test
▪ It examines differences between two or more
variables by decomposing the variability in a
collection of data in terms of sums of squares.
▪ The test statistic in an F-test is the ratio of two
scaled sums of squares reflecting different
sources of variability
▪ These sums of squares are constructed so that
the statistic tends to be greater when the null
hypothesis is not true

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ANOVA

One-way ANOVA Two-Way ANOVA

▪ Compares between multiple variables ▪ Compares between multiple variables

▪ One Factor ▪ Two Factors

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Formula: One-way ANOVA
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Post-hoc test: TukeyKramer
▪ This test compares all possible pairs of means, and is
based on a studentized range distribution (q)
▪ Tukey's test compares the means of every treatment
to the means of every other treatment;
• It applies simultaneously to the set of all pairwise
comparisons
• Then identifies any difference between two means
that is greater than the expected standard error

John Tukey

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Formula: Two-way ANOVA
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T UTORIAL: T-Test
Download the PopMeUp Sample Data
Thank you!
Wendy Suganda, MBA, AFHEA, CHRP
w.suganda@unpar.ac.id
Office hour: Tuesday 12.00-14.00
Room: 3261 Gedung 3 FISIP UNPAR