Introduction to Literature

Dwi Warry Octaviana, M.Pd.

0421108403

Institut Pendidikan Indonesia 1

Garut
 Introduction to Literature

Meeting #5
April 2 (B&A) & 3 (C), 2020

Institut Pendidikan Indonesia

Garut
Dwi Warry Octaviana, M.Pd. 2
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 d. WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE (1564-1616)
He was regarded as the master of drama. His plays are divided into:
Comedies (As You Like it, The Merchant of Venice, A Midsummer
Night’s Dream, Twelfth Night, Much Ado About Nothing), Tragedies
(Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Julius Caesar, Othello, King Lear,
Macbeth), Histories (Richard II and III, Henry IV, V, VI), Romance
(The Tempest and Cymbeline).
e. CHAVALIER (PURITAN TIME/METHAPYSICAL)
1) John Donne (1572-1631)
He was the founder of metaphysical poets. His work: The Holy
Sonnets.
2) George Herbert (1593-1633)
He used metaphysical devices. His work: The Temple.

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 3) John Milton (1608-1674)
He was regarded as the greatest literary epics writers who used
meditated epic and blank verse. His work: Paradise Lost.
4) Andrew Marvell (1621-1678)
His work: To His Coy Mistress.
f. RENAISSANCE
The writers who lived in this period were:
1) Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
His work: Novum Organum.
2) William Tyndale (1494-1536)
3) His work: Tyndale Bible.

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g. THE RESTORATION/DRYDEN PERIOD
The writers who lived in this period were:
1) William Wycherley (1641-1716)

His work: The Country Wife and The Plain Dealer.

2) William Congreve (1670-1729)
He was the master of comedy. His works: The Old Bachelor and The
Morning Bride.
3) John Dryden (1631-1700)
He was known as the master of heroic couplet. He also wrote 30
plays. His works: poem (Absalom and Achitophel), play (Oedipus).

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h. THE AGUSTAN/THE NEOCLASSICAL PERIOD
This period is also called The Transition Period. The writers who lived
in this period were:
1) Jonathan Swift (1667-1745)
His work: Gulliver’s Travels.
2) Alexander Pope (1688-1744)
He was regarded as the greatest satirist. His work: The Rape of the
Lock and An Essay on Man.
3) Oliver Goldsmith (1728-1774)
His work: She Stoops to Conquer.
4) Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)
He was an essayist and lexicographer. He contributed English
Literature by writing the first English dictionary in grammatical
foundation. His work: Dictionary of English Language.
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 6) William Blake (1757-1827)
He is a poet and a printmaker. His work An Island in the Moon.
7) Daniel Defoe (1660-1731)
He established English journalism. His works: Robinson Crusoe (it is
an improper novel telling about a lord who should live on a remote
island and can do everything he needs) and Moll Flanders (it talks
about a woman who has relationship with various men and becomes a
famous thief; after she is released from the jail, she turns to be a
succesful farmer.
8) Samuel Richardson (1689-1761)
His works: Pamela (it talks about a woman from a lower class who
turns to be successful career woman) and Clarissa (the history of young
lady; consisting of a 2,000 pages).

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 10) Henry Fielding (1707-1754)
11) Tobias Smollet (1721-1771)
12) Laurence Sterne (1713-1768)
His work: Ulysses.

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i. NEO ROMANTIC MOVEMENT
The writers who lived in this period were:
1) William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
He was regarded as the master of Romantic Age. His work: The
Perlude (it talked about William’s childhood, youth, education, ideas,
relatives, love, and life).
2) Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834)
His work: Kubla Khan – a narrate poem.
3) Lord Bryon (1788-1824)
His work: Don Juan.
4) John Keats (1795-1821)
His work: Isabella
5) Jane Austen (1775-1817)
Her work: Pride and Prejudice.
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j. THE EARLY VICTORIAN
1) Charles Dickens (1812-1870)
His works: Oliver Twist and David Copperfield.
2) George Elliot (1819-1880)
Her work: The Mill on the Floss.
3) Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1894)
His work: Treasure Island.

k. THE LATE VICTORIAN

1) Oscar Wilde (1854-1900)
His work: The Picture of Dorian Gray.

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l. THE BIRTH OF MODERN POETRIES, DRAMAS, AND NOVELS
1) Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888-1965)
His work: The Wast Land and Murder in the Cathedral.
2) George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950)
He was an Irish playwright and a co-founder of the London School of
Economics. He got Nobel Prize in Literature (1925) and Oscar (1938).
His work: Caesar and Cleopatra.
3) John Osborne (1929-1994)
His work: Galileo (Luther)

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C. AMERICAN LITERATURE
The writers who lived during this periode were:
1) Eugene O’Neill (1888-1953)
He got Pulitzer Prize. His work: Mourning Becomes Electra.
2) Archibald Macleish (1892-1982)
He got New York Drama Critic Circle Award and Donalson Award. His
work: The Fall of the City.
3) Tennessee Williams (1911-1983)
He got Pulitzer Prize, Tony Award, New York Drama Critic Circle
Award. His work: Cat on a Hot Tin Roof.

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 4) Arthur Miller (1915-2005)
He got Pulitzer Award, Tony Award, and New York Drama Critic Circle
Award. His Works: The Death of Salesman and All My Sons.
5) Ernest Hermingway (1899-1961)
He was recognized as one of the great American novelist. He got the
Nobel Prize in 1954, Pulitzer Award, and Novel Prize. His work: The
Old Man and the Sea.

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