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Reporting in Ethical Principles Group 1 BSN 3A
Reporting in Ethical Principles Group 1 BSN 3A
Principles
HEALTH CARE ETHICS
Group 1
BSN-3A
Overview
Advincula, Twinkle K.
An ethical principle refers to the general judgments
serving as justification for a person's behavior or actions.
Ethical principles in nursing are the foundation upon which
nursing actions are based. They describe what is expected of
nurses in terms of right and wrong, good and bad, and correct
and incorrect.
Reasons Why Ethical Principles Are so
Important in Nursing
1. Using ethical principles as the foundation of practice assists
nurses in making good judgment calls.
2. Ethical principles in nursing guide nurses in providing high
quality care within the laws that govern nursing practices.
3. Nurses who work within the guidelines of ethical principles
support the emotional, physical and mental health of each patient,
acting with their best interest in mind.
4. Applying principles of ethics in nursing is beneficial to
developing strong nurse patient and interdisciplinary
relationships, which is essential for collaboration and quality
patient care.
7 Main Ethical Principles
• Autonomy
• Confidentiality
• Veracity
• Fidelity
• Justice
• Beneficence
• Non-maleficence
Autonomy
Self determination.
Independence.
Autonomy:
The Rights of the
Patients’
Alicaya, Lita Mea M.
13 Patient Rights
according to Saint
Anthony Mother and
Child Hospital.
13 Patients Rights
1. Right to Appropriate Medical care and Humane Treatment
Every person has a right to health and medical care corresponding to his
state of health, without any discrimination and within the limits of the resources,
manpower and competence available for health and medical care at the relevant
time.
i. spouse;
ii. son or daughter of legal age;
iii. either parent;
iv. brother or sister of legal age, or
v. guardian
4. Right to Information
The patient or his/her legal guardian has a right to be informed of the
result of the evaluation of the nature and extent of his/her disease, any other
additional or further contemplated medical treatment on surgical procedure or
procedures, bills and post-operative medications.
13 Patients Rights
5. The Right to Choose Health Care Provider and Facility
The patient is free to choose health care provider to serve him as well
as the facility. The patient has the right to discuss his condition with a consultant
specialist, at the patient's request and expense. He also has the right to seek for
a second opinion and subsequent opinions, if appropriate, from another health care
provider/practitioner.
6. Right to Self-Determination
The patient has the right to avail himself/herself of any recommended
diagnostic and treatment procedures. Any person of legal age and of sound mind
may make an advance written directive for physicians to administer terminal care
when he/she suffers from the terminal phase of a terminal illness: Provided That a)
he is informed of the medical consequences of his choice; b) he releases those
involved in his care from any obligation relative to the consequences of his
decision; c) his decision will not prejudice public health and safety.
13 Patients Rights
7. Right to Religious Belief
The patient has the right to refuse medical treatment or procedures
which may be contrary to his religious beliefs, subject to the limitations described in
the preceding subsection: Provided, That such a right shall not be imposed by
parents upon their children who have not reached the legal age in a life threatening
situation as determined by the attending physician or the medical director of the
facility.
8. The patient has the right to every consideration of privacy. Case discussion,
consultation, examination, and treatment should be conducted so as to protect each patient’s
privacy.
9. The patient has the right to expect that all communications and records pertaining to
his/her care will be treated as confidential by the hospital, except in cases such as
suspected abuse and public health hazards when reporting is permitted or required by law.
The patient has the right to expect that the hospital will emphasize the confidentiality of
this information when it releases it to any other parties entitled to review information in
these records.
10. The patient has the right to review the records pertaining to his/her medical care and to
have the information explained or interpreted as necessary, except when restricted by law.
Patient’s Bill of rights
11. The patient has the right to expect that, within its capacity and policies, a hospital will
make a reasonable response to the request of a patient for appropriate and medically indicated
care and services. The hospital must provide evaluation, service, and/or referral as indicated
by the urgency of the case. When medically appropriate and legally permissible, or when a
patient has so requested, a patient may be transferred to another facility. The institution to
which the patient is to be transferred must first have accepted the patient for transfer. The
patient must also have the benefit of complete information and explanation concerning the
need for, risks, benefits, and alternatives to such a transfer.
12. The patient has the right to ask and be informed of the existence of business relationships
among the hospital, educational institutions, other health care providers, or payers that may
influence the patient’s treatment and care.
Patient’s Bill of rights
13. The patient has the right to consent to or decline to participate in proposed research
studies or human experimentation affecting care and treatment or requiring direct patient
involvement and to have those studies fully explained prior to consent. A patient who declines
to participate in research or experimentation is entitled to the most effective care that the
hospital can otherwise provide.
14. The patient has the right to expect reasonable continuity of care when appropriate and to
be informed by physicians and other caregivers of available and realistic patient care options
when hospital care is no longer appropriate.
15. The patient has the right to be informed of hospital policies and practices that relate to
patient care, treatment, and responsibilities. The patient has the right to be informed of
available resources for resolving disputes, grievances, and conflicts, such as ethics
committees, patient representatives, or other mechanisms available in the institution. The
patient has the right to be informed of the hospital’s charges for services and available
payment methods.
“Health is a
human
necessity;
health is a
human right”
― James
Lenhart
Autonomy:
Informed Consent
Bulawan, Andrew C.
Informed Consent
This element requires that patient be informed that they may decline to
take part in the surgery.
Autonomy:
Proxy Consent/Legally
Acceptable Representative
Baldevia, Klarence Lowell B.
Proxy Consent/Legally Acceptable
Representative
is the process by which people with the legal right to consent to medical
treatment for themselves or for a minor or a ward delegate that right to
another person. There are three fundamental constraints on this
delegation:
1. The person making the delegation must have the right to consent.
HIV Testing
How is it important?
• WHY?
In healthcare Ethics:
• TRUTH TELLING
- it shows respect for people and allows them to receive their
right of AUTONOMY.
5. Fulfilling commitments
Justice
Cabornida, Elsie Jhoy
Justice
If the bleeding is life-threatening, the limb sufficiently injured and the risk of
infection extremely high, then amputation could be a treatment option. It
would be “good” for the patient in as much as the injury would be resolved
and the threat to life from bleeding or infection somewhat reduced.
The course of action is agreeable with the patient and meets their
expectations
Why is Beneficence important?