Professional Documents
Culture Documents
VOCABULARIO
AMBITIONS:
1. Accomplishment - Achievement: triunfo - logro.
2. Ambition: ambición.
3. Aspiration: aspiración.
4. Compulsion: coacción.
5. Craving: antojo.
6. Dauntless - Fearless - Unafraid - Brave - Courageous: valiente - intrépido.
7. Desire - Yearning: deseo.
8. Hardworking: trabajador.
9. Eager: entusiasta - ansioso - impaciente.
10. Feat - milestone: hazaña – proeza - hito.
11. Fidelity: fidelidad.
12. Fruition - Fulfilment - Realisation: realización.
13. Goal – Objective - Aim: objetivo - meta.
14. Initiative: iniciativa.
15. Lack of confidence: falta de confianza.
16. Longing: anhelo - nostalgia.
17. Loyalty: lealtad.
18. Optimistic - Hopeful: optimista.
19. Personal growth: crecimiento personal.
20. Pitfall: contratiempo - obstáculo.
21. Purpose: propósito.
22. Self-confident: seguro de sí mismo.
23. Steadfast - Unwavering: firme - inquebrantable.
24. To accomplish – achieve - attain: lograr - conseguir.
25. To affirm: afirmar.
26. To aspire to do something: aspirar a algo.
27. To be doubtful: estar dudoso.
28. To deserve: merecer.
29. To hesitate - To vacilate: vacilar - dudar.
30. To reach a goal: alcanzar una meta.
31. To seek to accomplish: buscar lograr.
32. To surpass - To exceed: superar - sobrepasar.
33. Turning point: punto de inflexión - decisivo.
34. Zeal - Enthusiasm - Eagerness: entusiasmo - fervor - ganas.
AMBITIONS’ QUESTIONS:
1. What did you want to do when you were a child? Did you do it? Why / Why not?
2. Do you consider yourself to be an ambitious person?
3. Is it a good thing to be ambitious at work?
4. How do you see yourself professionally 5 years from now?
5. What are your personal ambitions?
6. Is having a family important to you?
7. What is your dream job? Do you think you will ever do this job?
8. How is learning English important for you to achieve your goals?
9. Many people focus on material wealth. Are these things important for you?
10. How do our ambitions change as we grow older?
MEDIA:
1. Aerial: antena.
2. Advertisement: anuncio.
3. Advertising: sector de publicidad.
4. Blog.
5. Web site.
6. Blogosphere: blogosfera.
7. Broadcast: grabar o emitir.
8. Column: columna.
9. Columnist: columnista.
10. Editorial: editorial.
11. Editorial/leader/leading article: artículo editorial que expresa opinión.
12. Editorial board: grupo de editores.
13. High-tech politics: política tecnológica/digitalizada.
14. Investigative journalism: periodismo de investigación.
15. Journalism: periodismo.
16. Journalist/newspaperman.
17. Reporters: reporteros.
18. Magazine/periodicals/glossies/serials.
19. Mass media: medios de comunicación.
20. Media bias: punto de vista, a dónde tira el medio… Sesgo mediático.
21. Bias: inclinarse hacia…
22. Biased: adjetivo.
23. Press conferences: conferencia de prensa.
24. Print media: prensa impresa.
25. Propaganda.
26. Trial balloons: fake news, estrategia para distraer atención del público.
27. Talking heads: sólo cabeza en cámara.
28. Linkage institutions: nexo/instituciones conexión con el público.
29. Tabloids: regalo periódico pequeño.
30. Yellow journalism: prensa rosa
31. Trolls/haters.
32. Jerk: hijo de…
33. Making fun of someone: reírse de alguien.
34. Bully: alguien que incita a la pelea.
35. Pick a fight: empezar la pelea.
36. Sarcasm.
37. Don’t feed the trolls: no darle de que hablar a los malos…
38. Block someone: bloquear a alguien.
39. Report this: reportar algo.
40. Flag it: sacar la bandera, algo malo.
41. A little bit overkill: intenso.
42. Unfriend: eliminar de la lista, dejar de ser amigos.
43. Harassing you: acosar.
44. It gets taken down: eliminar a alguien de la red.
45. Clickbait: cebo, titulares fomentan el “click”.
46. Hook you into clicking: engancharte para pinchar.
47. Bizarre: extremo, estrafalario.
48. To push fake news: compartir noticias falsas.
49. In certain circles: en ciertos círculos.
50. Opinionated pieces: opinión personal muy cerrada, opinar sin fundamento.
51. It leads you to think: te lleva a pensar…
52. Get tricked: engañado/decepcionado.
53. Spam/viruses/hackers.
54. Pick up a virus.
55. Sketchy: tramposo/deshonesto.
56. Third party: tercer partido, partido alternativo a los principales.
57. Hold your breath: ser valiente y decir algo.
58. Malware: tipo de virus.
59. Pop ups: burbuja que te permite tener varias apps a la vez o dividir pantalla.
60. To hack an account.
MEDIA’S QUESTIONS:
1. Should employers be legally allowed to fire empoyees because of their social
media activity?
2. Is there a social media bias?
3. Should social media companies ban celebrities from promoting quick-fix diet
products?
4. Should social media sites be responsable for controlling disinformation on their
platforms?
5. Should the media be forced to report more positive news?
6. Is media that openly declares bias better than media claiming to be neutral?
7. Do you think that all social media have an interest in manipulating the masses?
8. What do you think about adds and websites like “Maldito Bulo”?
9. Don’t you think it could be a great idea to introduce legislation related to the
use of these tolos in the media?
10. How would you feel if you were a teen sharing videos on Youtube?
11. Do you think that it should be the media who decide the terms of conditions in
advertisment?
12. Is there any solution to get back to “pure” news?
LYFESTYLE:
1. Extended family: parientes lejanos.
2. Nuclear family: familia tradicional.
3. Compact family: familia compacta/reducida.
4. Enlarged family: familia ampliada/engrandecida.
5. Single-parent family: familia de un solo padre/madre.
6. Mother-only family: familia de madre soltera.
7. Mono-parent family: familia de un solo progenitor.
8. Upbringing: crianza/educación.
9. Bring down: abatir, echar por tierra.
10. Bring about: ocasionar, provocar.
11. Bring up: criar.
12. Divorced: divorciado/a.
13. Divided: dividido/a.
14. Childcare: cuidado infantil.
15. Convalescence: convalescencia.
16. Adolescence: adolescencia.
17. Convergence: convergencia.
18. Creative years: años creativos.
19. Formulating years: años de desarrollo.
20. Formative years: años de formación.
21. Birth rate: índice de natalidad.
22. Dependants: adicto/dependiente de…
23. Dependents: dependiente de…
24. Juvenile delinquency: delincuencia juvenil.
25. Minor crime: crimen menor.
26. Authoritarian: autoritario.
27. Lenient: poco severo, indulgente.
28. Separate lives: vidas separadas.
29. Well-adjusted: equilibrado.
30. Responsable: responsable.
31. Separated: separado.
32. Over-protective: sobre protector.
33. Cognitive processes: procesos cognitivos.
34. Running wild: desenfrenado.
35. Siblings: hermanos (chico-chica).
36. Different and distinct stages of development: diferentes estados de desarrollo.
37. Foster family: familia de acogida/adoptiva.
38. Look after: cuidar.
39. The way they learn: la forma en que aprenden.
40. Punish: castigar.
41. Playing truant: saltándose clases.
42. Bear some resemblance: tener parecido, guardar parecido.
43. Strict: estricto.
44. Teenage years: años de adolescencia.
45. Freedom: libertad.
46. Take in: pillar, pescar.
47. Acquaintance: conocido/a.
48. Colleague/workmate: compañero trabajo.
49. Steady boy/girlfriend: novio/a formal.
50. Mate: buen amigo.
51. Like/ love/ adore/ worship/ idolise /dislike/ hate/ can’t stand/ loathe: gustar/ amar/
encantar/ adorar, idolatrar /despreciar, odiar, no soportar, aborrecer.
52. turn on / turn off: encender/ apagar.
53. Be attracted to/ Fancy: sentirse atraído/ elegante.
54. Get on well: llevarse bien.
55. Not to see eye to eye: estar en desacuerdo.
56. Fall out with: tener discusiones.
57. Break up/Split up: romper.
58. Have an affair: tener un lío.
59. Respect their elders: respetar los mayores.
60. Make it up: volver a ser amigos después de una pelea.
61. Senior to…: superior (en el trabajo).
LIFESTYLE’S QUESTIONS:
1. How would our parents manage technology?
2. If technology makes us “idiots”, as many people think, how do people reclaim more?
3. Do you think this score could be possible in the future of countries or would it become
a myth?
4. Let’s imagine you had a really good job but you were too stressed, would you consider
changing your position?
5. Would you like our government to control our actions in favour of a better
6. community?
7. How can we change our minds if there are a lot of people always saying that in the
past we lived better and try to act the same?
8. Don’t you think that if we live a life that the man is explaining, we won’t be able to do
the things that our Spanish society is used to?
9. Don’t you think that setting up this measure (points system) could be hazardous to our
freedom?
10. Don’t you think that many people can't do this routine because they have so many
liabilities?
11. Would you say that people in the past had less difficulties adapting and facing the
situations? (Millennials’ question)
12. Do you think changing your habits would change the world we live in?
13. Do you consider yourself a simple Millennial or have you reinforced your own position
thanks to new technologies?
14. Have you ever felt alone surrounded by millions of people?
15. What are the positive things about growing up as a millennial?
16. Don’t you think Millennial have more mental diseases derived from the use of social
media and mobile phones?
ECONOMY:
1. Wage difference: diferencia de sueldo/brecha salarial.
2. Biased practice: práctica sesgada.
3. Accounts for: cuenta bancaria de…
4. Occupational choice: elección ocupacional/vocación profesional.
5. Pay less: pagar o ser pagado menos.
6. Part time work: a tiempo parcial.
7. You are likely to see: es probable que veas…
8. Wage cut: recorte salarial.
9. Job market: mercado laboral.
10. Wage gap: brecha salarial.
11. Career pathway: trayectoria profesional.
12. Parenthood premium: prima de paternidad.
13. Motherhood cost: coste de la maternidad.
14. Unpaid work: trabajo no pagado.
15. Running a household: administrar un hogar.
16. Policy area: área de política.
17. Distribute the burden: distribuir la carga.
18. Paternity leave: baja paternal.
19. Middle class: clase media.
20. Wealthiest classes: clases altas/ricas.
21. Looming issue: problema inminente.
22. Withstand: resistir a…
23. Threshold: límite.
24. Hit a milestone: alcanzar un mito, derribar un mito.
25. Rough distribution: distribución aproximada.
26. Figures: cifras.
27. Greater commitment to academic studies: mayor compromiso en los estudios.
28. Proprietary class: clase propietaria.
29. Sowing the seeds of destruction: sembrando las semillas de la destrucción.
30. Wealth: riqueza.
31. Consumption: consumo.
32. Issued: emitida/o.
33. Deemed: considerado.
34. Slashed: cortado.
35. Undergoing: sufriendo.
36. Make a profit: sacar beneficio.
37. Make a loss: dar pérdidas.
38. Extravagant: extravagante.
39. Frugal/economical: poco abundante/económico.
40. Current account: cuenta actual.
41. Deposit account: cuenta de depósito.
42. Broke: arruinado/bancarrota.
43. Bankrupt: insolvente/bancarrota.
44. Shares: parte/participación.
45. Stocks: acciones.
46. Dividends: dividendos.
47. Income tax: impuesto sobre la renta.
48. Excise duty: eliminar ocupación/tarea.
49. Credit: crédito.
50. Debit: débito.
51. Building society: sociedad de ahorro y préstamo para la reserva.
52. Discount: descuento.
53. Refund: reembolso.
54. Bargain: ganga.
55. Overpriced: carísimo.
56. Exorbitant: exorbitante/abusivo.
57. Worthless: sin valor/inútil.
58. Priceless: invaluable/incalculable.
59. Save money: ahorrar dinero.
60. Invest money: invertir dinero en algo.
61. Inflation: inflación.
62. Deflation: deflación.
63. Income: renta/ingreso.
64. Expenditure: gasto/desembolso.
65. Lend: prestar.
66. Borrow: coger prestado.
67. Cost of living: el coste de la vida.
68. Economise: economizar.
69. Reductions: recortes.
70. Overdraft: descubierto bancario.
71. Unemployment Benefit: Beneficios del desempleado.
72. Distribution of wealth: distribución de la riqueza.
73. Interest: interés (banco).
74. Inherited: heredado.
75. Rebate: reembolso/devolución.
76. On credit: a crédito.
77. Automation: automatización.
78. Unemployment: desempleo.
79. Inflation: inflación.
80. Balance of payments: balance de pagos.
81. Taxation: impuestos.
82. GNP: producto nacional bruto (PNB).
83. Interest rates: tasas de interés.
84. Primary industries: industrias primarias.
85. Secondary industries: industrias secundarias.
86. Service industries: industrias sector servicios.
87. Nationalised industries: industrias nacionalizadas.
88. Monopoly: monopolio.
89. Output: producción.
90. VAT: IVA.
91. Deficit: déficit.
92. Key industries: industrias clave.
ECONOMY’S QUESTIONS:
1. Do you think that young people were the only ones that worked in the pandemic era
but weren’t recognised by the olders because the youngest don’t have any privileges?
2. Don’t you think that people would need a bit of luck to achieve succes?
3. If you were president of Spain, would you cut off pensions to aging people?
4. Don’t you think Spain needs an obligatory subject in high school of how to manage our
daylife maintenance cost?
5. Do you know any other solutions for Spain’s precariety situation?
6. Do you think ecological policies can be achieved while accomplishing the well-being of
people?
7. do you think the problem of Spanish unemployment is because of social pensions to
old people or is it because of companies looking for even more profits?
8. do you think it is need a previous financial education and a bit of luck to start earning
benefits?
9. Should the government regulate some enterprises and introduce more jobs for some
age range in order to have a better country?
10. What do you think about the fact that today's young people have an incorrect training
that doesn't adapt to the real needs of our society ?
INDEPENDENCE:
1. Aboliction: abolición.
2. Age of majority: mayoría de edad.
3. Colony: colonia.
4. Consent: consentimiento.
5. Criminal law: derecho penal.
6. Declaration: declaración.
7. Emancipation: emancipación.
8. Freedom: libertad.
9. Handcuff: esposas.
10. Incapacitated: incapacitado.
11. Independence: independencia.
12. Inflation: inflación.
13. Liable: responsable.
14. Living will: testamento vital.
15. Loyalist: conservador republicano.
16. Mercenary: Mercenario.
17. Negligence: negligencia.
18. Neutral: neutral.
19. Obligation: obligación.
20. Patriot: patriota.
21. Patriotism: patriotismo.
22. Proclamation: proclamación.
23. Retreat: retirada.
24. Revolution: revolución.
25. Revolutionary: revolucionario.
26. Rights: derechos.
27. Strategy: estrategia.
28. Surrender: rendición.
29. To alienate somebody: enemistarse/ distanciar a alguien.
30. To become emancipated: emanciparse.
31. To be exempt from something: estar exento de algo.
32. To be prudent: ser prudente.
33. To emancipate: emancipar.
34. To express consent: expresar consentimiento.
35. To protest: protestar.
36. To retreat: retirarse.
37. To surrender: retirarse.
38. Traitor: traidor.
39. Treason/betrayal: traición.
40. Victory: victoria.
INDEPENDENCE’S QUESTIONS:
1. Do you live with your parents?
2. Do you live with any of your grandparents? If so, why do they live with you?
3. Do you have to clean your own room?
4. Does your mother make you clean your room?
5. Do you prefer living on your own or with your parents? Why?
6. Is money a crucial factor for you to decide whether to move out or not?
7. Why in some cultures do young people tend to live with their parents before they get
married and others not? To what extent is this affected by traditional family values?
8. Are you more independent from your parents now than you were in compulsory
secondary education?
9. Name some things you can do now that you weren't allowed to do in secondary
education.
10. Are you as independent now as you would like to be?
11. When do you think you will become financially independent?
12. Do you think this age is the same in all countries?
13. Who will pay for your university studies in the future?
14. Do your parents let you stay out late?
15. What time do you have to be home?
16. Do most teenagers equate wealth with happiness? What’s your opinion?
17. Are young people today less resilient and independent than they should be?
18. Have you ever worked part-time? What did you spend your money on?
19. Have you ever had a summer job?
20. If you got a job, would you give some money to your parents?
TRADUCCIÓN
Nadie tiene derecho a tenerte en esclavitud.
Sin tortura
Tienes derecho a que se te reconozca en todas partes como persona ante la ley.
Todos somos iguales ante la ley y tenemos derecho a igual protección.
Tiene derecho a buscar ayuda legal si se violan sus derechos.
Nadie tiene derecho a encarcelarte u obligarte a salir de tu país.
El derecho a tener un juicio justo y público.
Todos son inocentes hasta que se demuestre su culpabilidad.
El derecho a la intimidad: nadie puede interferir en tu reputación, familia, domicilio o
correspondencia.
Puedes viajar donde quieras.
El derecho a solicitar asilo si es perseguido en otro país.
El derecho a una nacionalidad.
Los adultos tienen derecho a casarse y formar una familia.
El derecho a la propiedad.
El derecho a pertenecer a una religión.
Libertad de expresión: el derecho a la libertad de pensamiento ya expresar sus
opiniones a los demás.
El derecho a reunirse en asamblea pacífica.
Democracia: derecho a ayudar a elegir ya participar en el gobierno.
El derecho a la seguridad social (con derecho a ayuda económica, social o cultural) de
su gobierno.
Derechos de los trabajadores: derecho a un trabajo, a un salario justo ya afiliarse a un
sindicato.
El derecho al ocio y al descanso.
El derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado para usted y su familia.
El derecho a la educación.
Su propiedad intelectual (artistas o científicos) debe ser protegida.
Todos tenemos derecho al orden social para poder disfrutar de estos derechos.