Student name: ______________________

YEAR 12
2021 YEARLY
EXAMINATION

Mathematics Advanced

General  Working time - 180 minutes

Instructions  Write using black pen
 NESA approved calculators may be used
 A reference sheet is provided at the back of this paper
 In section II, show relevant mathematical reasoning and/or calculations

Total marks: Section I – 10 marks

100  Attempt Questions 1-10
 Allow about 15 minutes for this section

Section II – 90 marks
 Attempt all questions
 Allow about 2 hours and 45 minutes for this section

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 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced

Section I

10 marks
Attempt questions 1 - 10
Allow about 15 minutes for this section

Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for questions 1-10

1. What is the derivative of cos2 3𝑥 with respect to x?

(A) −6sin3𝑥cos3𝑥

(B) −2sin3𝑥cos3𝑥

(C) 2sin3𝑥cos3𝑥

(D) 6sin3𝑥cos3𝑥

2. The height (in cm) and foot length (in cm) for nine students are displayed in the
scatterplot below. A least-squares line of best fit has been fitted to the data as shown.

What is the equation of the least-squares line of best fit?

(A) ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 0.80 × 𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ + 165

(B) ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 0.80 × 𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ + 140

(C) ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 1.25 × 𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ + 165

(D) ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 1.25 × 𝑓𝑜𝑜𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ + 140

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𝑥+π
3. What is the amplitude and period for the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 4sin ( )?
3
π
(A) Amplitude 3 and period 2

(B) Amplitude 3 and period 6π

π
(C) Amplitude 4 and period 2

(D) Amplitude 4 and period 6π

4. What type of relation is shown?

(A) Many-to many

(B) One-to-many
(C) One-to-one
(D) Many-to-one

5. The probability distribution of random variable X is shown below.

x –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3

P(X= x) 0.05 0.05 a 0.20 0.15 a 0.05

Find the value of a.

(A) 0.15
(B) 0.20
(C) 0.25
(D) 0.30

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6.

Which expression will give the area of the shaded region bounded by the curve
𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2, the x-axis and the lines x = 0 and x = 5?
1 5
(A) 𝐴 = |∫ (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥 | + ∫ (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥
0 1

1 5
(B) 𝐴 = ∫ (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥 + |∫ (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥 |
0 1

2 5
(C) 𝐴 = |∫ (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥 | + ∫ (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥
0 2

2 5
(D) 𝐴 = ∫ (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥 + |∫ (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2)𝑑𝑥 |
0 2

7. An infinite geometric series has a first term of 12 and a limiting sum of 15. What is the
common ratio?
1
(A)
5

1
(B)
4

1
(C)
3

1
(D)
2

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8. At which point on this curve are the first and second derivatives both negative?

(A) A
(B) B
(C) C
(D) D

9. The curve 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 9 has a stationary point at x = –2. What is the value of a?

(A) –8
(B) –4
(C) 4
(D) 8

10. Which of the following statements is true for the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 |𝑥| − 1 ?
(A) The function is not differentiable at x = 0.
(B) The function is not continuous at x = 0.
(C) The function has a stationary point at x = 0.
(D) The function has an asymptote at y = –1.

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 Year 12 Mathematics Advanced

Section II

90 marks
Attempt all questions
Allow about 2 hours and 45 minutes for this section

Answer each question in the spaces provided.

Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning and/or calculations.
Extra writing space is provided at the back of the examination paper.

Question 11 (3 marks) Marks

The cost of making a hat is linearly related to the number of hats sold. To predict
the costs, data was collected on the cost of making a hat for different levels of
demands. The data is shown below.

Number (hats) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
Cost (dollars) 38 54 59 82 98 98 114 108 138 134 144

(a) Find the equation of the least-squares line of best fit. Answer correct to one 2
decimal place.

(b) What is the predicted cost of making 36 hats? 1

Question 12 (3 marks)

Find the area bounded by the curve 𝑦 = 1 + 𝑒 0·5𝑥 , x-axis and the lines x = 1 and 3
x = 2 by using the trapezoidal rule with five trapezia. Answer correct to two decimal
places.

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Question 13 (4 marks) Marks

Pasta boxes are labelled with a net weight of 375 g. The business selling the pasta
boxes fills the boxes to a net weight of 380 g, to avoid customer complaints. The
weight of the pasta boxes follows a normal distribution with a mean weight of 380 g
and a standard deviation of 2.5 g.
(a) What is the probability that a box selected randomly will contain less than 2
375 g of pasta?

(b) The business sets a target of less than 16% of all boxes will contain more than 2
385 g of pasta. The business can change the mean weight of the boxes to meet
this target. What is mean weight required to meet the target if the standard
deviation remains at 2.5?

Question 14 (2 marks)

Solve |5 − 3𝑥| ≥ 11 2

Question 15 (2 marks)

Differentiate 𝑥 3 𝑒 2𝑥 with respect to x. 2

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Question 16 (5 marks) Marks

A particle moves such that its velocity at a given time is given by:

𝑥̇ = 8 − 16sin𝑡

(a) What is the initial acceleration of the particle? 1

(b) When is the particle first at rest? 1

(c) Given that the particle is initially at the origin, find an equation for the 1
displacement (x), at a time t.

(d) Find the distance travelled between the first two times when the particle is at 2
rest.

Question 17 (2 marks)

Differentiate 𝑒 cos(π𝑥) 2

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Question 18 (5 marks) Marks

The probability density function for the continuous random variable X is given by:

𝑘𝑥(4 − 𝑥) 1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4
𝑓(𝑥) = {
0 otherwise

(a) What is the value of k? 2

(b) Find 𝐹(𝑡) the cumulative distribution function. 3

Question 19 (2 marks)

Solve the equation 2sin𝑥 + √3 = 0 where 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2π. 2

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Question 20 (6 marks) Marks

James has some sticks that are all of the same length. He arranges them in squares
and has made the following 3 rows of patterns:

He notices that 4 sticks are required to make the single square in the first row,
7 sticks to make 2 squares in the second row and in the third row he needs 10
sticks to make 3 squares.
(a) Find an expression, in terms of n, for the number of sticks required to make a 2
similar arrangement of n squares in the nth row.

(b) James continues to make squares following the same pattern. He makes 1
4 squares in the 4th row and so on until he has completed 10 rows. Find the
total number of sticks James uses in making these 10 rows.

(c) James started with 1750 sticks. Given that James continues the pattern to 2
complete k rows but does not have sufficient sticks to complete the (k + 1)th
row, show that k satisfies (3𝑘 − 100)(𝑘 + 35) < 0.

(d) What is the value of k? 1

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Question 21 (8 marks) Marks

Let 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 1)2

(a) Find the coordinates of the intercepts. 2

(b) Find the coordinates of the stationary points on the curve with the equation 3
𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) and determine their nature.

(c) What are the coordinates of any points of inflexion? 2

(d) Sketch the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) over a suitable domain. 1

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Question 22 (4 marks) Marks

A continuous function 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) defined in the domain [–4, 5]. The function consists
of a line segment, a quarter of a circle centred at (0, 0) with radius 2 and a
logarithmic function 𝑓(𝑥) = ln(𝑥 − 1) in the domain [2, 5]

(a) Find the exact area bounded by the function 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) and the x-axis in the 2
domain [–4, 2]

5 2
(b) Hence, find the exact value of ∫ ln(𝑥 − 1) 𝑑𝑥
2
5
given that ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = 4ln4 − 7 − π
−4

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Question 23 (4 marks) Marks

The table below shows the future value of a $1 annuity.

Future value of $1

End of year 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6%

1 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000

2 2.0100 2.0200 2.0300 2.0400 2.0500 2.0600

3 3.0301 3.0604 3.0909 3.1216 3.1525 3.1836

4 4.0604 4.1216 4.1836 4.2465 4.3101 4.3746

(a) What would be the future value of a $24 000 per year annuity at 5% per 1
annum for 2 years, with interest compounding annually?

(b) An annuity of $31 800 is invested every half-year at 4% per annum, 1

compounded six-monthly for 2 years. What is the future value of the annuity?

(c) Sophia aims to have a deposit for an apartment of at least $92 000 in 2
4 years-time by investing in an annuity. The annuity has an interest rate of
6% p.a. compounded annually. Calculate Sophia’s yearly contribution to
achieve the deposit. Answer to the nearest dollar.

Question 24 (2 marks)
3
1 2
Find 𝑝 given that ∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ln𝑝
2 1−𝑥

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Question 25 (4 marks) Marks

The curve C has the equation 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥), 𝑥 ≠ 0, and the point P(2, 1) lies on C.
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(a) Find 𝑓(𝑥) given 𝑓′(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 6 − 2 . 2
𝑥

(b) Find an equation for the tangent to C at the point P. Express your answer in 2
general form.

Question 26 (3 marks)

Let X be a normally distributed random variable with mean 6 and variance 9 and 1
let Z be the random variable with the standard normal distribution.
(a) Find 𝑃(𝑋 > 6).

(b) Find b such that 𝑃(𝑋 > 8) = 𝑃(𝑍 < 𝑏). 2

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Question 27 (4 marks) Marks

The number of year 12 students who completed 30 minutes of exercise for each of
the past ten days was as follows: 10, 11, 13, 17, 13, 15, 17, 28, 19, 15
(a) What is the mean? Answer correct to one decimal place. 1

(b) Find the interquartile range? 1

(c) Is 28 an outlier for this set of data? Justify your answer with calculations. 2

Question 28 (3 marks)

Show that sin𝑥 + 1 + cos𝑥cot𝑥 − cosec𝑥 = 1 3

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Question 29 (6 marks) Marks

A sample of 18 randomly selected people were asked to state their Age (in years)
and their Income (in $1000). The results are displayed in the scatterplot below with
a line of best fit drawn.

(a) Calculate the gradient of the line of best fit shown. 2

(b) What is the equation of the line of best fit shown? 1

(c) Use your equation to calculate the expected income of an 80 year old person. 1

(d) Comment on your result in part (c). 1

(e) Describe the association between age and income. 1

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Question 30 (4 marks) Marks

The concentration of a pesticide in the soil is modelled by the equation given by:

𝑃 = 𝑃0 𝑒 −𝑘𝑡

where 𝑃0 and k are constants, and t is the number of days after the application of
the pesticide.
(a) Once in the soil, the half-life of the pesticide is the time taken for its 2
concentration to be reduced to one half of its initial value. If the half-life of the
pesticide is 25 days, find the value of k. Answer correct to 2 significant
figures.

(b) What is the percentage decrease in concentration of the pesticide after 2

80 days? Answer to the nearest whole number.

Question 31 (3 marks)

𝑎
10
Given that ∫ 5sin3𝑥𝑑𝑥 = , 0 ≤ 𝑎 < π , calculate the value of 𝑎. 3
0 3

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Question 32 (5 marks) Marks

1
The line 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 is a tangent to the curve 𝑦 = −𝑒 3𝑥 at a point P.
(a) Sketch the line and the curve on the diagram below. 2

(b) Find the coordinates of P. 2

(c) Find the value of m. 1

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Question 33 (6 marks) Marks

Harvey is designing an open-ended tent as shown below.

The frame of the tent is made using rods of two different lengths:
▪ x metres for the top and bottom edges
▪ y metres for each sloping edge.
The rods cost $9.50 per metre.
The frame is covered by one rectangular sheet of fabric whose area is 24 m2.
(a) Show that the total length, l m, of rods is given by: 2
48
𝑙 = 3𝑥 +
𝑥

(b) Find the value of x for which l is a minimum. 2

(c) What is the minimum cost of the frame? 2

End of paper

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