complex Fiest Order Reactions

Parallel First order

ki B
se
A
KL
t_=_ a c

y
t a n y
- -

Fina
integrated rate law

[ B) , [ c ] , (A) =
?

* Rate of
"
format of B [A]
d÷y K
=
, ,

* -
l l -

C
, ¥
=
KIA]

* Rate of
-119 > (A)
disappearance ; dd¥=(K
-

,
of A
At

i. e. -4¥ = (ki + KD tdt

AO 0
 At
-

Cena] Ao =
(19+14) t - - .
-

1- KE keff)

lnA¥+=

kes-s-tkef -t-MAI-K.tk
i.

,
=

Elm AEI
K
,+Kz=
2-3+03-109 ¥÷

E)
at >

@
-
n -
¥
y)
(y )

d§-+ d¥- ¥1
-

+
=

Rate of Rate of , rate of

tissapp of A .
Appearance of appearance of
B C
Keef [A) K [A) + kz (A)
=

Keef =
Kit Kz

i.hn?-g - lY?-tbH2-Ti-tqofBTLTz-tyzofCTeg -
Overall
-4,2 hr 2=0-693

÷*= ¥ -1¥
"

- : From egi

Kett
¥ h^¥+
=

tkeff =

HALF
 = et Keef

± Keef t
Ao e-
key e-
-

Af
'
-
-
= = a

Keef t
&?= Ki A e-
.

= =
K, Ao

B) dB =
K
, AFfe-kes-f.tt +

o o

B- -
a *
[e÷÷]+
""
I
=I¥÷ ( e- e.)

Where Ao=a
,
 (
e-
Ketty
B =

e-k.es#t)B=E;-qa(i-e-kes-s-.t)-
¥¥(
=
I -

find
similarly ,
we can

E)
Keef
G- e- ②
¥÷a
-

c- -
-

:¥=¥
1m¥
 Ki > 2B
eg .

(B) 2kt
A K2
=

> zc €3 ¥
(KitKat
① (A) E- a e-
(14+14) t)
② (B) + =
2,1¥ a G- e-
,
Cat 's>
③ G)+ =

3,1¥,qa( I -
e- t
④ [B)
E- 3¥

IM¥
summery
lm
① Keff ¥ ^¥+
=

¥*=
② +
¥
③
-1¥ =
d¥ -1¥
Q1 Ea B
, >

A
Eaz
> c

overall Ea =

Eaeff

[A → B) → A,

[A →
c) → Ac

overall A
Aeff

find
"
retort
Eaeff , Ea ,&Ea<

Keff = K, + Kz

Hess É%¥= A ,
e-É¥+A,e¥
w.e.to
differentiating T
: .
(Ae*é÷¥ ¥ =(A,É fE¥→+Azé÷¥¥
Keef C- Eqeff)
.
= K
,
C- Ead -1
kz(-Eq)

:$ Eae#
kiE¥t
=

overall
activator
energy

¥ K, >
2B

A K2
> 3C

Given % B in Product = 30%

Teff =
100 hrs .

K
,
& ?

H-mi-t.EE?-=gKes-s---Kitkz,Kefs-=hITeff
 "
Sol % B in peoduct = 30%
% 70%
C in PEO duct
=

CBI ZI
=
Keef = K, 1-
Kz
[C] 3 Kz

80 30
Fo
=

-31¥
2
¥÷f= Ki +
¥K frog
,
. . -

ln2
1¥ §
"
__ =
23
Too g

-10 K
92%4
: .
=

4÷= 9¥ + kz

Kz=14ln2_
2300
 "
2B
¥ 2×15 >

A
> 3C
3×10-4
Given [133+6]=21-9
find (B) =
?
(c) = ?

2×2×10-4
soi {B?- }¥ = =

3×3×10-4
=

¥
& (B) + (c) =2 [B) + (c) =L

g1[ (c) [133+9-443]=2

☐ + =2

i. [c) [B)
=÷§ =§
 2B Given
"
a I. =L
¥3 ,

Initially ,
A =L mole .

Find sum of (A) +

(B) + (c) after
75% Completion of Ao

Soi'
2B

(B) 2k ,
#( 2K )
A
→ 3C
=

⑦ 372
(a- re -47
(34)

(A) = a - n -
y
[B) =
2-1 & Y

9¥ -3%-2=5×1--3
-

①
25g } 3- =L
= - : -
 25% of A is
remaining
of '§
'
-
^

.
25% of 2 moles =
-0.5 mole

: . [ A] =
a -

N
-

y
@maiming)
0.5 =
2 -

N -

: se + y = 2-0-5 =
1.5 -
②

: from egi ① & ②

y=① : .

Sze
2-1 2h = -

112
'

= .
-

i.
4=1

(B) = 22=1

[c) = 39 =3

:[ A) + (B) + (c) = 0.51-1-13=4.5

 Reversible process .

Kf
A
↳B
t=o a
-

t=t ( a-us n

t
teq ( Neem) a- ✗
-
-

eqm

Const at egm
^

Regan
= - - - -

- .

n =
Variable - - -

at time t

Rate
Att
eqm , Ratfooaqj Backward

d A dB
TF
=

at
- - -

irotzero

DIE =o

dd Kf [A) +
Kb CB]
-

=
 dfat-I-tc.fca-ul-K.ba
dB
Kf (A) Kb (B)
-

at

du ( 9-4
=
Kf
-

Kb ✗
at

At egm &
d¥+=0
i. a-
Mqm
: 0 =

Kf @ Neem) Kb Negi
-
-

Kf a Kf Negus =
Kb Negus
-

i.
Kfa =
Megan ( Kf + Kb)
Kf
"

9
&
Negm
-
-
.

Kftkb

Kf-9 = ✗
egm
( Kftkb -

①
 Kf (A) Kb (B)
If
-

If kf Ca )
n
14,6)
-
-

kfa-kf.U-kb.net#+=Kfa-N(Kf-Kb)&Y=- Negm(Kf-
djf- =

Kb) -
n
(14+14)
- - -

from egi①

-
:

ds = (Kftkb) (Regin)

(kftkb)
&÷z
= dt
( ,

/ YI # ( Kf Kb)
to
= +

0
 :-. -

[lnkeg→e§=( Kftkb) t

: .
-

[ln @ g- a) lnneg]
-

=
# + KDT

bn
Yeezy
.
:
= + Kb) +

:( Kf+Kb)= ¥ ln
Keeney -

n
¥ A B Kf= 102sec "

Ao
= O -
O l

¥÷g=f
khat is the conc . of A after
30 Sec .

"
Sol Kf
=

A B

t=o 0-01 -

t=t (0.01-4) se

t
teq @ Negi)
-01
Rqqm
- -

Kc=Keqn=K¥g= Bem
i.

Aegis
;÷=÷
:

-
:
Kb =
1¥
 B¥=eam="T
:

reef
4-
=

0.01
Neg
-

Neg 0-04 4
Neg
-

.
= -

Neg 0-§4_
'

.
.
= = 0 -
008

ln
Kftkb ¥ Teenage
% =

10-2
-11¥ =

ztgln 0.008

0.008 -

N = 2.5×10-3
80 [A]egm = 0.01
-
se = 0.01-2.5×10-3

(A) =
0-0075
egm
 First order
sequential
A B # c

f- o a

t=t Case ) Y z

dd¥= Kitt
&¥- IGA KZB
d¥=KzC
-

kidt
-4¥ =

[B) =
? [ c) =
?

"
At -_ Aoékt

&¥- KA kzB
-

daff KiB K, A
-1 =

Kt
At Aoékt a e-
'

__ =
- .
 kit
e-
d¥+ Kz B = K a
,

ek2t@Ig_tkiBJek2t_pyae-ki.t
Multiplying both side
by

ekzt

④f- kzBek =
e' F-
"
e-
(9-14) t
K, a

"+

da§=e .tk e'

"
As we know} -

Be
,
+ dB
It

(ki kit
¥[ e-
-

- : Be = k a
,

§
-14
) =k kit

:{
d(B e'
"t
-

,
a dt

(9-14) t
Bet"t= K
,
a e-
+ C
-

(K , -

KD
-
①
 Initial condition

-1=0 13=0
,

°
: 0 = K, a e
.

+ C
-

CK ,
-
K,

-92¥
:c -

'

sub .
C' in eg
"
①

(k Kit
Bek't=
- -

Kia e +

da KD-

'

B' divide egi

i. To
get by
ekzt

feta ¥
-

kit
B =
Kia
+

(19-14) ekzt
Ly
✗
 ☐

=¥÷[¥+¥+]
B=¥÷[é"t+ ]
at
e-

@ Ie 't
" "

$ B=÷ ,

Rememter
Staat
A → B → C Rate > >> Rate 2
,

-
:
[B) 4
with time

[A) µ → Rate, I
'

come 9331 →
Rated
we will reach time

I a Rate Rates

• ! B After
longtime
Rate , <cc Ratel
t time [ B) It,
 Eh pt IET B const £
Maxima
.
.

Rate of =
Rate of
dB '
diss of B
dt=° format of B -

To
get Bmax & tmax

B=¥÷( at ①
'

e- e- -

"t

)
"

1¥
=

fkzé 't k, e-

At
Bmax maxima
d¥_=o
→

tmax-kze-ktma.DK
"
0
( e-
=

k,

e-
K'
TMI kzeikitmax O
, =

" kztmax
k, e- tma×= K
,
e-
 ( 4- " 2) tma,

¥ =
e.

'

Taking hi both side

ln
¥ (ki Katmai
-

tma×=hk¥
:

-
'

Putting tmax in qn①

]
i. e.
13m¥
÷,(
"
e- * e- "
tmx)
*
: -

Bma×=aµ É¥
 Different cases of
sequential Fader

A Btc
case ① K, > >> Kz -
- -

(Istseact "

very
fast)
A to B conversion is

very fast i e
-

Bo~①
Ki Kz
A → B → c

t -0
-

[
a o o

f- t so Case) a

kit kit conc

Ag Ag e- e-
.

: .
, a

K' + kit
Bt = Bo e- = a e-

Ht
B+=(a -

a) = a e- Time

i n = a G- e- Kit)
Cc ] =
a 4- e- Kat
Case 2 K, < << Kz

'
2nd is react
"
is fast,
B'
'

converts into C'

very
rapidly .

AIB # c

t=o a - -

( C
-

t=t a- ni
EI se

A- ☒ → e

(tr¥2att)
EFtTÑ Conc .

( )
almost 390
cons .

Aoéklt e-
kit
tin?
At
:(
-_ =
a

"
kit
a- n = a e-

13+20
"
c. = a. G- e- at
 Case 3 K X K
,
,

A B # c

f- o a
- -

t=t Ca -
ni y z

kit
At =
Ao e-

kit
Bt =
Kat e-

÷
-