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(C6epexenne cx€rnoro 1pyaa...> . HerpyqHo Aoraaatpca, 4TO KpecTor OsHawalor ecuTKH, a NaNOUKH — eRMEH- Tbr, TAK OKA3AOC BO BCEX 6E3 HCKMIO- MeHHS CHY"ASX, KOTOPBKIE MHE MpHXO- Aunoc wa6monaTe. Cnoco6pasHas Hy- Mepatus 97a, OMeBHAHO, MpuHanTCKT ABOPHMKAM-KiTafiNaM!, He TIOHHMAIO- man HaMHx uucbp. TlompHaHCh 9TH 3Ha- Ki, KOHEYHO, {4BHO, HO TONEKO B AHI Pespaibcxor pesomoussH OGparmt Ha cc6a BHUMaHHe rpaaytane? Crapnunaa nap riya RIGUTH TeTPOTpaCKHe ABOPHH- ax stor mpoctoit enoco6 o6osHaue- Hi YHCeN: KpecTaI — nec, nano — emma? Koveuno, He mpaaymann sriox aHaKoB 8 ropone, @ TIpHBeATH Hx 13 POAHEX Hepe~ ete, «HYMepalqHse STA [LaBNIO YAKE B IMMPO- KOM yOTpeGiIcHHIM H NOHMTHa Obuta KAKO My; awe HerpaMOTHOMY, KPECTDAHHHY. BOC- “XOMMT OF, 6€3 COMHEHHS, K [TYGOKOM PEE HOCTH 1 yrOTpeOHTeHHA He TOMBKO y HAC. He ropopa yxe 0 poncTae ¢ xuTaficKas oGoatiaerinMn, Spocactea wI1asa H CxOR- creo stot ynpomitHoft Hymepanuat c put cxofi: 4 8 paMcxux widppax naomi o3Ha- ‘MalOT e/HE, KOCDIE KpecTat — ACOH. Jho6onbrrHo, #70 ara HapogHas HyMe- Pals OkUIa HeKOrAa y HAC mwKE ySAKO- Hevia; 110 TAKOFL HMEHHO CHCTEME, TOTBKO HEPSAMIE? Semceoncugas a Dionne pele cae ‘Tamnicraermte srraKn Takoro 2ke Ovep- ‘TaHMH, HO TOTBKO He ¢ TPAMBIM, aC KO- | chim Kpecramst OStapyxcHET GEOTH 1 B ‘TaKHX JJOMAX, THe ABOPHMKAMH CyKH Mpumequme M3 AepeneH pyccKHe Kpe- CTBSHE. TECH YAC HE TPyANO GtwI0 BLLLC~ | murs HeraHHEIX asropos AOPEBOMIONMOHHOE BPeMA Ha REMAX, KYIDICHEIX y OCbeneit! HTM 8 YACTHDX marasiax, OcOGeHHO MpoBHHUDATBHEIX, MOHO ObVIO saHaCTyIO SaMeTHTT HENO- ATHBIE GyKBEHHBIE OOOSHANEHHA UpOTE ase ayo. STO He FTO MHOE, KaK ENA BEM Ges sampoca, KOTOpy!0 Toprosen o603Ha- ai Ha ToBape, HO TAK, OAHAKO, TOG e€ He Mor pasraqaTe noxynatem. Bpo- cu Boraaa Ha 9TH Gyxept, ToproBeu cpa- SY MPOHMKaT B MX CKDEITEI CMBICA 1, cnenan najOanKy, Hasbipan noKynaremo llexy ¢ sanpocom. CucreMa O603HaHCHHM Obvia BeCbMa mpocra. TopronerranGHpanKaxoe-HHGYS cnono, coctamieHHoe Hs 10 pasmunEIx Gyxp; Yam Bccro ocTartanzuBanH BEGOp Ha CnoBaX *TpysomoGHe» mM «npaBocy- Amer. Tlepnas Gyxaa cnosa o6osnauama 1, propas — 2, tpersa — 3 HT. a; aecarow Gyxpo1o OGostiawaren HoAL, C HoMoUKEIO THX YCIOBHEX GyKB-LKbp TOproBen oGostavan 1a Tonapax ux HeHY, xpara B CTporom CeKpeTe “KOs K cBOEH CH creme mpHOsuien Eom, Hampumep, Bui6paHto 6Biz10 CnOBO npasocydue 1234567890 ‘To wena 4 py6, 75 Kon, oGosHauanacs Tak: a0. * Ocben — Gponmvn toproseu, nponasaawnia no AepesHan rasianTepeD, KHIDKKN, NYGOHE raprannn.~ Mommey. pea, Viniorga tena Ha Topape mucariace B BHAE ‘mpoGn, HaMpHMep, Ha OMHOT HS KYTLICHHBIX -MHOIO KHHT HIMceTes OGosHANEHHE oe ‘mpo Dro snasany, 470 Mpa KMOMe «rpygomo- Gue> Halo sanpocum 1 py6, 25 Kon, ce6e 2ke KHHTa CTOHa 50 Kon. Tanncrsennnie mere Ha xninrax oGosHaann ery, nocrasnenHyio ‘peaycmorpirenbHbint ‘Toprosye.‘OCIE TOKO WTO CKASaEIOTO seTKO cOo6pasitr, #70 HHCTA MOHIHO 1130- paar He TOMBKO c HOMOUIBIO LAP, HO eC TOMOMIBHO MOObX HHBIX 3HAKOB 10K auexe mpenMeros: Kapanytainten, Nepbev,J1H- HK, PESHHOK HT. 1, — Hay{O TOMDKO YOO BHTDCA MPHTHCHBATS KaRIOMY TIPeAMeTY SHAYEHHE KAKOM-HHOYAH OMpEAETEHHOR mutdppsi, Moxxio zaxxe, pag KypBesa, CT10- MOmIbIO TAKHX nvd>p-TIpeaMeToR Hs06pa~ 2kaTb ACAICTBHE Ha HNICRAMM: CKTAMBIBATH, BBIUHTATS, YMHOKAT, AEAHTE. B onom sapyGexom maxwaTHoM oxypHaie ObuIa npeyioxerta safaya: pac- KDHTh Meri CMbICN cemyiouKero TipuMepa AeTeHHA HCE, B KOTOPOM MOH ‘Tirpce umebpor ameHeHsi neurkastn (11a Ha mem pucylike — sépemma warukana), Hs 28 undp uanecrHist TOMBKO sABe: OHA (B) B YaCTHOM x apyraa (1) » ocraTKe. Kasa~ OC Oni, JOMeKaTECA IHATeHAA NpOMUX 26 nvdpp, OSosHasers0 KpyaxKan, HEMBIC~ AMMO. MewvIy TEM 3TO CDawinirTe HO He Henerko noranareca, Kakne und>pei SameHeHbl 3necb WaulKaMn. fi i i iy Manx Bweoro Hngp corRtias Samasa AN KARIOTO, KTO OTHET- Tino TIpeACTaRMAeT CeGe CMEBICN OTHE vx onepanyatl, BXORAMAX n CocTaD et crans neers Bor Kakomt xo paccyKICHHA NPHBOAMT wack em Bropas uudpa wactuoro ect, KOHEY- Ho, 0. 910 chesjer 13 Toro, #70 K OCTaTKY or nepsoro autirrariin cHecerta He On nmdpa, a ape. flcHo, 4To Tlocne cHeceHHst TepRor 1yachpat CocrapHAOCe s14cTO MeHtE- Ie JesMTeAS, a 8 TAXIX Cyan O4epEA- aa iucppa wacrHoro ect 0. Tlo cxomHbiM OcHORAHHEM saKmOdaeM, ‘aro uerméprax wtacppa wactHoro Tawoxe 0. Bemarpurasich B pacriovloxXcHHe Kpy- 2ROHKOR, BaMeNAEM, ITO 7RYSHANETIA JIe- murrens, 6yayint yortorent 1a 8, sar sc 110 jbySiiasii0e; KOraa Ike CTO YMHORAIOT Ha Tepsyio (1loKa HeMaBecrHyI0) LyAcppy yacr- HOTO, Hlonysaerea HCO ¥9 TPEX tHe. Bxauny, ara nepsas uippa YacrHoro Gom- ie 8; TaKOF LyMepport MO*eT GbITb TOMBKO 9, CxomHDIM O6pasoM yCraHapmBace, ‘uTO H nlocnezHaA LWMcppa YacTHOTO ecTb 9. ‘Teneps sactuoe onpenemuoce: 90 809. Ocraérea packpsrr cwpie emitTeas. Je AMTeAb COCTOMT, MBI 3HAeM, H3 ABYX 1HACpD; POMe Toro, pacmonomcHe MTanfeK FORO Pirroro, «70 970 Aayariautioe HHICTO TIpHt YMHOACHHH Ha 8 Zar TaIOKe ABysHATHOC YHCIO; IPH YMHOKEHHH 2Ke Ha 9 OHO AaET mporeanenenne, cocrosmee ye u3 TPEX imp. 10 -Ke 310 8a wHCIO? TIpoHIBO- ‘Aviv FICTIBTaH, HANHHAA C HaeIMCHbUETO sayaHastoro sacra, 10: 10*8=80, 10x9=90. Yucno 10, Kak BHAHM, He ynoBTeTBOpsA- er TpeGyemnim ycnopiim: 06a npousBesc- is yseraoe.Vicrurmuaem crenyiomee mysnai0e sexo, 11: 11x8 1x9 YexO 11 TAKE, OMBHILO, He rom (Ca: 064 MPOMSECACHHA CHOBA ABYSHAMHBL. Wernerratnaem 12: 128 =96, 12*9= 108 Yuicao 12 yowtersopser scem TpeGo- param, Her ain emé raxinx anicen? Merisrrae 13: 13%8= 104, 13x9= 117. (06a npoussenenna tpexsHasEite; cae AoxarenbHo, 13 He rogues. fIcHO, 110 He- TOAXOAMIAMH sHNHOTCH M RCE EHC, Gomoame, vex 13. Apumernka 3a sapTpaKow ‘eped, Hau pay geficrsait wax wena MH, OGOSHANCHHBIMH mpeaMeraMH ‘cepsHponkH crovta (pHC.4), «BAAKar, «10K Kas, sHOM, ¢KYBIUMHMMK?, ayIBMK+, «7a [PeAKAs — BCE 9TO SHAKH, KaXK/BIAL H3 KOTO- PHIX sameriaer onpeneTeHHyIO HEcppy. Thay Ha 9ty rpyniny HomeH, BHTOK, nO- cya HT. m, MompoGyirre yranaTs: KaxHe MMEHHO SHCA tect O6OsHANeHEI? C mepsoro narnaga sazaua KaxeTca oxen TpyqHOit mpUXONTCR pasranpiBarb HACTORIIME Hepormude, KaK cHeTan He- orita cbpaniys Lamnioanon'. Ho Hatta sa fava TOPAIIO ETE: BHI BEAL SHAETE, 4TO MUICIIA S/l€Ch XOTH H OGOSHAYEHBL BHUTKAMAL, "Xai Dpascya lLlamnonwon (1790-1832) — Ges «OKI a€T «OKKY> HitHL ITO aNOIEKAY + *IOTKKAY oxy. Kakas ake 1unibpa aaéy ono 1 TO Ke {UNICTOH TIpH yBOeHHM, H Ip yMHOxCHHT cama 11a Ce6i? 310 MOKET Spire TOMBKO 2, noromy To 2% 2= 2+ 2. Takum o6pasom aula, 170 s7IORKas = 2-H, cieAOBATEDHO, 10% Teneps uaém aaneine Kaa mad pa OGostaueHta BILIKOMte? Monpodyem pasrayare 31, mpucMorpesmntch K Mep- AIM TPEM palan, Cae (pHryPHpYer B ACHCTBHT BIH ‘rans. Ma rpyntint BBISHTaHI Bb BHIATATC, ‘uTO, OTHTIMAKLB paspsire /IECATKOR «BHVTKY or «noaakrt, HoMyuaem 8 peayaurare «BH KY), T.€. pH BRIMITTAMHH 2 MHC «BUI Kas TOAyudeTeH eRIAIKe, 9TO MOET Gor BAByX Cayuamx: 1HGO +BMTa> = 1, H TOWLE 2—1= LyanGo me «naman = 6, n rora, Boi ‘srras 6 m9 12 (eqmnmna nsremsero paspaaa SAMUMACTCA y e1AITKTH),TIOMYHACM 6, Yivo xe puiparss 1 rn 6? Hcmmraem, roaurea am 6 ant ssn kab & apyrux zeiicrensx. O6parire siti MaHHe Ha YMROXeNme “cea, Crommnrx Lu Tl payax. Bean eninxar = 6, 70 30 BTO- pom pay crour cao 62 (obi yake aHTACM, ‘sro s10xKKar = 2), Herpyiqio nowaT, 47 2 TaKOM cmyuae # I pay {OKO Croat wuicno 12, 7 ¢, +kyRUIMHUnks o6osHavaeT ueppy 1. B camo rene, eon Ost «KyBIAN- sane OGosnasan eppy 2.1011 KaKyIO-76O Gost Hcbpy, npousereHe Ice LH Tl panion Ooino Ont vens:péxsrastnin wc OM, 2 HEYPEXSHAYETDIM, KaK ADIDATHO GIT, Virak, conn «aru» = 6, 0 8 T pany cromr mic 12, no Il pay — 62. Hix mpowsne- enue ects 12x62 = 744, ‘Ho aToro ie MOET Gherb, Tax Kare ua pa ecsrkon 37oro npoHSBEACHHAK CCT «10K ka, T.¢. 2, a ne4, RAK MOTVHHUIOGS Y Hac. 3H su, nema Gevio ONYCTHET, +70 «BYUTKERe 6,a tato Gou1o upuanurTs c€ pamiofl exe. ‘Youian nyrés raxmex — TOnomHHO, Mpap- 41a, JOA — HOHCKOR, TO eBHLTKa+ 060- anauaer unppy 1, Mt janine yoxe AEM Gonee ysepeHHO H Guicrpo. Hs aeticroux aurmsranus w III a IV paqax sigue, xo raimikas o603HasReT HG0 6, 1160 8. Ho 8 pHXOAMTos OTBEprHyTs, NoTOMY ¥To Tor {a BeIMLAO Gui, TO «6OKANBUMK® = 4, a MBL ‘tiaen, #0 uiKhpa 4 OGosHANCHA «HOKOM?. Hirax, «sanucar o6osnauacr mmcppy 6, a Cle jowatenbto, «OKAMBAEK — iKGPY 3 Kakasiaxe unnppa oGosriaieHa «Kysti4H- ‘unkome 8 I pay? G10 serKo y3HaTs, pas aM nanecrao npowonenenne (Ill pan, 624) uoqu na smoasirresei (II pa, 12). Paame- san 624 wa 12, nonyyaent 52, Cacgonaresis- HO, «KYBUIBMHDTE® = 5.th. Suavenne sTapenkie onpeaenserca mpocro: ® VII psity «rapenkas = + ‘efammKa+ = eGoKambsnni + HOM, T. ¢. «Ta- pemay=1+6=344=7, Ocraérea pasragat» uncbponoe snae- Hine «safinHnar t scaxaprmuste 8 VIT pay. Tax KaK ana up 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6m 7 mpea- Merb Ye HafVleHEL, 10 OCTAeTCH BiIGUpare ‘TonbKO Mexay 8, 9.0, Toncrants 8 ef CTBHe JeNeHHA, HE06paxeHHOE B 11O- cacqumx TpEx panax, coorser- crayiomne neppet BMCCTO MpeaMeTON, ToayaHM ‘TaKOe pac- nlomomerne (Gyxpamat ¥ 1 c oGosHadeHEt safle w ecaxaprcsiae): _ 74s m2 6 Yucx0 712, Mbt BHM, CCrb NPOMSBENC- He BYX HEHSRECTHBIX HCETL, 40M 4%, KO- ‘Topbie, KONEHHO, He MOFYT HH ObIT» HOTEM, HIM OKAHMIRBATECH HONEME SHANHT, HH, HE HE Ect HOM, OcTaerca na NpentOnOrKe~ OSAMA atlas eeauemeca’ Brae cour Hi 4 =8 4 C= 9, HAH KE, HaoGopoT, 4=9 c= 8. Ho, TepemHoxts 98 Ha 8, MBI He nroaysaem 712; CICAORATEABHO, “uartHHIK® oGosHatact 8, a «caxapHiiiar — 9 (efi crpnrembtto: 89 x8= 712). Vrax, mi nyré exermpstx apaibwers- Scoxins muIMHCHenti pasragam eporm- ebuseckyio Haannce 13 NpeAMeToR cron0~ soft cepauposier: , «cnemmanno», smpocnemtars, Npyrias Gyksex sanyMariito- ro Cova 3a TuKppb1, saramunaiomtntt H30- SpwKaer ocpesicrboM 9THx GyKs KaKOd- HHOyab caywamt jeneHME, Eom sanynano COBO +TIPOCBEIIATH, TO MOKHO RAAT Ta off mpumep Acncrma: npocecwams 1234567890 12356 | 3548 npoeec | osca 10644 | 34 neece [oc 172d wubeDe 14192 felis 2932 cgWon AenMoe — nposec, 123564 memmeab — aca, 3548 Monaro naam w apyrue cno8: aocemams caem nnema caem quam caem onmoa pucnm comem cnnpn oapas oeaap nugpa AenHMoe ~ 6occmams, 53449890 aenmret — caem,4569 ByknenHoe ws06paxexne onpestente- Horo cayuas zeneuMIA Bpyyactes OTA ky, KOTOpBI 4 oyDKeH 110 STOMy, Ha TIep- sitit norma Gecemnicnemiomy, adopy yx yragarp saayatantioc C1080. Kax cneayer n nomoGrx cnyasx nouc- RupaTca suicnoOrO setasersi GYRE, sHtra~ ‘Ten YaRe SHACT: Met OGbACHLI 9TO, KOTTA peuramt saqasy npewoiayurert craton, Tipit HEKOTOPOM Teprterimr MoxHO. YemeMIHtO Ppasraasinar® orm apucpMerHueckHe peGy- Chi, CCIM TOMBKO TIPHMEp OCTaTOAHO tH- HeH H aéT HeOBXOAHME MaTepHaT AH AOTaJOK H HcTBIraHHH, Fern x€ BBIOPAHL noma, maiompe sepecayp KopoTiasit Cry ‘aft qenenma, HampHmep: mpydoa6ue 1234567890 629000 mpya Gayo we pao Memmmoe — 621000, 86745 nemrems—mpyd, 1234 ‘To pasrapipanue oveHb TpyAHO, B 10106- MBIX Cay¥aMX HaqO MpocHTs sarametBa10- njero nporomaus eneHHe AO COTBIX HL ‘TeleMaTDIX ONEH, T €. MOAYSHTD B YACTHOM eMmeé awa Ha TPH AeCTHIHBIX sHaKa, BOT MIpHMEp AeNCHHS 10 COTEIX OER: naney | nuaa nuaa c0,en eneuuanono nay HaKO 1234567890 aan nocno ceoen nob memmoe —naneu,26734 HeTnTeMs —nU2a, 2576 Eom 6st & STOM cMy"ae MEI OCTAHORH- JIC Ha eTOM HaCTHOM (CO), OTFANKA 3a- AYManHOTO CHoBa eyfpa 1H GuL1a GL BOo- Mora,Vy Yro KacaeTea c1op, MpHromierx B KaNte- cre stonio¥a aa monOGuEEX peGycos, To BuiGOp ux He TaK GeneH, KAK MOET KasaTD- Ci, KPOME MEIC YRASAHHLIX, MORRO HC TOmsOBaTD cnowa: pecny6auxa, demoxpamua, namudnesxa, cmpyOuunxa. Tojirros # coBcTREHEBIE HMeHA, HaMIpH- ep Jaxer! Kak jaieKo Mower natu Wao6peraTenb- HOCTS B STOM Hanpannenim, moKasuIBa- er cieayiomai npumep, Oar 3 uirrare- xeti, 103. TI. B, Topues (Poctos-tta-Jlony), MPH MHE OCTPOYMHO COCTaBICHHBIM apHebMeTHHecKHAt pe6yc, pasraika KOTO Poro Npeacramnacr co6oI0... TosyHT N18 Hponaraabt WIeM MeExMIAHeTHBIX MyTe- miecranti. Pe6ye cocrour w3 Tpex wacreti, ToctenoRaTeTsHo passépraiBa‘oMAx TOT GamaKuft sare nosyur. BoT orn: I matinur pur ann [ewan pren pamn aan men PeKK ppur ii IL 6yaam nen nen nuna neey aenm aneo aGy 7 Vinan Veanoaw Naxe-wineon (17921869) “i. MEPS), islet Somancabas spngcra a sapeeo tom _MPIOM _ woppio ouope —e0m Yurarens, KoTOpsifi HoxeNAeT Jab 9TOT TPOFHOM (i BeCbMa HenETKHtT) peGye, yauaer wrore, wo 1 peaxmusnet, MU naanemooyc HI 3a80%em sup. Tpeuarai xarce surratemo camocro- sTenbHO pasraar> CreayiouUA paix peGy cos, npunymannansreMrxc TT B.Ropucepin? (PemieHnsi aTHx pedycos mpHBenensr BKOHILE MEpBOFI PaBbI.) PeGycT npaxmuxanm | cymampa cymampa pap aymaya upuuyemy CaccRHUH yupmuxyu nuyppucm upuuyemy cnauye Pe6yc Il Kpusuc |aman aman 3em sueu uexa 3ccuc 293KU anee YC nucarens. Ocobor vaBecTHocToWO noreayeTcs ero pomaHe/leasHoN om» (1835). — Nomex. pea.NEE et Pe RS Pe6yc ITT PeGycIV meamp | Kuso nepeux | 6aa xuas | PK cone } oa. paxmp pape ppobs ynoc ‘Koup Oe enew pep Haiitn Tpéxsuaunoe aHoa0 Powerman te count spmgence- 6x2= 12, 6x8=48, 6x CK PeGye HecKOMIbKO HHUOTO POA. Ipyrne yneppsr noxo6uase eporier#om Viexonoe sono cocToHr 13 "péx paz- | -He OBAuIOT. Ho ecan Ou C Cuno 1, TO notx nudp: A, BC Saruiiem ero yorosHo | MepROe HacTHOe MPOHSBEAEHHE COCTOAIO Tae ABC howls, Go C— Yymchpa emu, OM He wa METHEX LINdhp, 2 ToMKO Hs THER B—aecHrkos, A coren Hao namTH aro | Ocraézca, cnejoMITemBHO, cero Omta BO3- ‘uNCAO, eextt HBBECTHO, "70 MoxkiiocTi: C= 6, ‘ABC Mui ceftuac yoemumicn, u10 C=6 4 #70, ae caeonarenbto, Au B soryr 6wrrb TOmb- — 0: Ham 2,11 4, 1211 8, Ho aK Kak BTOPOE eS | tchioe npomezentecocron mus Hs apéx nhp, To A He Moxer OTS HT 4, Hit ae8 | Buawin, A= 2, sare Tian B octaotea axe nooMoRMOCTH: Suéonouxastt o603HaNeHKL Hevsuect- | B= 4u B= 8. Eom Ou npu A~ 2 uidpa ute xyes. | Bpanniztace4,ronocaentiee 4acrsce mpo- Monegente Gpino Gui TpExsiiauHioe, a He He Pasramxa ‘napéxsiiautioc. CaenonarenbHo, B=8, René novicks raxom mopanKe trax, umteem: A= 2; B=B; C=6, Hekomoe Tpexie acer ycranasmaey, aro | ancso 286,a nce ymnloxere packpsinaer- ut Ari Bn Gxe ects 0, Mix ysepenm 8 | ck nTaKOM Bite: 30s, MOTOMY To Hae He Mor 6st nO- 286 nyMUETEeR TPH CrpOKH waCTHIHX More - ee | 1716 Bayiewaem saree, 170 | a npousnegerme CA oxansnpacten ad, 233 onsseeteCaBeaamee as: | case BEBO;HM oTcIONa, wTO C MOKeE Ghimb (rorapucmermiccrnt pesycnosepn- yr Hg GebriiiicKoro myprtaita +CipHHKc>, CHleNWaTHO nocesMeHOTO MaTeMaTHYe- ckHM pasivieveHHase) aH6o 1, 1460 6, Jia eqn coospaxke- He Halle O4eBHIIHO; Asta 6 OHO TORCHAeT- canpumepan:ccaruunadt cHcTeMa CHHCHEMHs 1raxo- vir ceée, MERAY MpoumM, TMpuMeHe- HIME TaM, TAC, KasaTOCe 6H, TOTO H OF ATL Heman, uMeHHO — B GuénMOTeKAx, pst pacnpevenenimn kemar 10 OTeraM, TIourH no Bcex macconnix GuGmmoreKax ynorpeGaserca ‘raxan cacrema wraccucb- Kanunt! KEH, pH KOTOpOH oma H Ta KE KHHTa UMCET BOOAY OfLMHAKOBOE YHCTO- noe oGosHaveHHe (POW 4, Bbi, He PacKpBI- Ras GKC KHMIM, SHACTE SapaHee, ¥TO OHA OTHOcHTes KOTIRCAY s3bIKOSHAHHS, Hane, nepesncrermte Oren, B CBOIO ovepens, nompaatenmorcn RAKE Ha 10 HOOTAEIOB, KOTOPIIe TOKE OGOSHAHAIOTCR nubpasn or 0 a0 9; nuebpul sr muanyToH B inmhpe 1a stopom secte. Hanpmmep, oTaea 5-f,conepaxauaficprsHNo-MaTeMaTITeCKHeHW ecrecrnenmio-ayantbie KoHrH, MoMpaaae- ACOH Ha TaKHE MOAOTIE US: 50. O6mue commtenma no disHKo- MarTeMaTHeCkHM Tf CCTECTBEHELM HayRaM. 51, Maremarika. 52. Acrporomus. eowesvia. 53, dusuxa, Teopermueckaa Mexartiixa. 54, Xing, Mantepanoria, 55, Teonorua. 36. Mancorrronorua. 57. Buonoras. Arrrportonorua. 58. Borarixa. 59. 3oonorna, Siuyusiex KaprouHoro GuBnnoresHoro, xaranora. 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B GuGmHoreKe, yepoeHHOH TIO CcR- ‘mMHOMi CHCTEME, HaxowIeHHe HYRHOM KKM AO KpafiHiocra ynpomtactes, Eom Bb MHTepecyerece FeoMerpHel, BEE TPAMO ngere K mkacbam, Me minchpst HasHHaIOT- AC 5, OTBICKHBACTE TOT MIKaGp, Fe xpanT- ‘caKHHTH cmubpom 51, umepecMarpHsae- ‘Te HEM TONBKO Te HOMTKH, 1M CTORT KET c mmbpomt 513; sees coBpanti sce KHHIH no TeOMeTpHH, HMcTOMHCCH B AARHOF OH- Gamorexe. Kak Gt OSmmpHa HH GuITa OH Ganorexa, HMKOTAA He MOET cyHHTECH, STOGbI Kakas-7iMG0 Kiara BbATIATA 13 TOT cucrembt oGosHaserit. Apnmernveckne 3HaKH M HasBaNNsl Y pasHbIX HaponoB Gee apucbmerirae- CKHe SHAKH 20 HaBECTHOM creneHH MNTePHALHOMANBHBI, #TO OHM OMMHAKOBLL Y BCEX HaporOR eAPOTIEACKOM KYZIBTYDEL Qo Repo mH NO OTHOMTEHHIO K 6OMb- IMINHCTBY, HO He KO BCeM, SHAK +H» HW ¢—», SHAKE ¢x> HE: YO ‘TpeGaMIOTCH B OAHHAKOBOM CMBICTE 1 HeM- aM, qbpaniysama, a amrnmeariayn. Ho TowKa KaK SHaK YMHOMCHHA MIpHMCHA- efor He RMON ToANECTREHHO PAsHHIMH Hapogamu. One mamryr: 78, apyrue — 7-8, noqHHan TORY 1a cepempnry warcoren Hq) put Tooke mpaxommrea cKa3aT osHaKe 2PO6- HOCTH, 7. €. 0 3HAKe, OTaERMOMTEM necATHTA yO AOG» OF eTOTO 4HcHA. OnE MET, aK Mb: 4,5, apyrue — 4.5, tpeTo — 4-5, 110- Meta TONKY BaIIIC CCPC/WHbL AHEAHArIC 1AMEpUKAHIYbl COBCEM ONYCKAIOT HOME Teper AeCATHMHOT APOEHIO, ETO Ha KOHTHHEHTE Export micro ne jjenaer. B amepaKancKomt HHT BBr ACTPeyaeTe TaKHe OGOsHaTeHHEA, KaK.72,5 WH +725, WH st@Ke ,725 — BMecTO Hamero: 0,725. Pacunenene “ncn ra rraccsr 060- SHAYACTCH TaOKE He ORHOOEpasHO. B oA HX CrpaHax Pas[essOT KIaCChI TONKA- st (15-000-000), 8 apyrax — sansreint (15,000,000). ¥ Hac npHsitica pasymerift OObluah He TOMeMIaTs MexRy KraccaNH HHKAKOTO SHAKA, 4 OCTARIATS AMI Mpo- 6ex1 (15.000 000). Toysirenio npocrenuTs 3a TeM, KaK MEHAETCH CNOCOS Ha UMEHOBAKHE ODHO- TO H Toro sKe uHICMa C MepexoOM OT OAHO- ro sapika x apyromy. Tucao 18, nanperMep, ‘MbI HaSBIBaeM MeTHMeCKyIO sanauy, KOTO Pas TaK emyrivia comunaccHixa 3H6_po- 'Ba M3 YexOBCKOTO pacckasa «PenleTHTOp». «Kyneu xymun 138 apueun népnozo u cu- ne20 CyRiia 3a 540 pyG. Cnpauiueaemcn, crarexO aputun Kynur on Moco u dpye020, ecu cutee CYRHO cMOUNO 5 [6.3 pus, auépnoe — 3 py CC TORKuMt FoMOpoM onHcHIBAET exon, Kax GecrloMmoMyHo Tpyaunsich Hayy STM Sa- Javett w cemmmtaccHMK-perteTstTop, 1 ero yuenux, 21ers Tera, moka ne porpy- sna ux Meta: ore, Ynoron: supa ye cootes Fi], MEDEA UME Cyr Tr tee porcine veneers. PHC MBI He TeHHM TOIEKO TOTOMY, TO, HAXOMACE MOCTOAHHO ¥ HAC TOR Py- KaMv, OHM MpesparHaNce B cMHIKOM oStulcHHE npeaMeT zomammero OGH- xona. K ncay TaKux HenocraTOMHO te HHMBX RENE TpwHaeRaT ram koutopexue cuérsi — pycekaa Mapontias CueTHaA MAIIHHa, MpeCraBAOMas CO- GoW BHIOMAMEHEHHE SHAMeHHTOTO a6a- Ka, WIM HaMHX OT/a- aeHMbEX MPEAROD! Apenine ynorpe6nann npn Brann c¥érHbu npHGop Cuérmoil nprGop apesninx nepyanues kennc. Apessmre wapoast — crmmraxe, rpe- Ki, PANEIAHe — YnOTpeGrsH MpH BHTEHC- aenusx cxérauit mpuSop a6ax, ro Soita mocka (cTom), pasrpacbaénias 11a nonOCEI, Ho KOTOpDIM NlepenBHraM OCOGeIe nami Kar, HTpasmmne Pom KOCTOWEK HAM CHe- ‘To. Taxofi Brig HME TPCHeCKHA a6AK. AGAK PUMCKHA HME bopMy MenHOA JOCKH ¢ 2kes106aMi (KIPOPE3AMM), B KOTOPAIX Nlepe- ABHPATHCh KHOMIKH. PoNCTHEH aGaky nepyancKnf BH noc — pas pemmiett wan GeseénoK c sanmaaET- HEIMH Ha HUX JOTaMM 9TOT CHET TIPH- Gop nomyaun ocoBerH0e pacmpocrpanie- Me cpena nepserx oGurarencit 1Oxxnor AMepiti, Ho, 6¢3 commer, Goin 8 yrI0- ‘peOxensH Ta0Ke 4 5 Espone (cM. zane saaauy 15 «Orronocs crapanbi). * Ewe coscen HenaeHo, Kak 80 BpeNeHa A. 1. MepensMisna, cure Beinn rout fs KaxjOM AOMe, Koe-rfe OHH COxpaHMnce M0 CHK Nop. Ho Tenepb Wx BbTeCHATH ankeynT0ps! M KoMnbOTepoL. — Nomey, ped:‘Cemmxocrownpie caret B Cpeatme sexa, snore 10 XVI Beka, noyObiHle TIPHCOCOBeHAA GbUIH UMpO- ko pacnpocrpaxexn! 8 Expore. Ho Teriep BH]ONSMEHEHHBIF a6aK — Cues — COxpa- HILICA, KAKETCH, TONDKO y Hac na B Kirrae (cemmreoctouKossie cuérst — cyaH-nant!) # Sinton (Tore cemmnocrosKODEIe Cx ‘Tar — copobazt). Kaxubifi rpanorimii yenosex ymect TaM BBINOAHATL Ha TaKux cuérax 4ereIpe aprebmeririecxnx cficrsH, Meany Tem Sanaq nouns He sriaer cut ‘TOR — Bbl He HaFileTe HX HH B HOM Mae * Gyai-nan varoroannior eceaosvoxtenx ppasmepos, fo camer mitinariopHbx (y MeHR Inneerca xuraicxii cyan-nak — 6penox 8 17 wat ‘nuns u 8 tam whips), YnorpeBnniorcr Take a -xocrosKoBiie C¥éTb: 5 KOCTONEK no OBHY CTOpOY ‘nani, ont ~ no apyryo. (Ha nieroueucn y Mens o6pasunke 21 pan KoctoNex.) rasHne Export, 4 TOMKO 8 HavambeBo IKOMTEX HMCIOTCA OrPOMHtBIE CHET — Ha TIMIHOE KACCHOE TOCOSHe pH OGyxe- HM HYMepat{Hi. Bar MOXer, TOTOMY=TO MBI H HE EHH 910 C¥eTHOKO MPHEO- PA TAK MBICOKO, KAK OH SACITY-KHIBAET, a CMO ‘TpHM Ha NcTO Kak Ha HaMBHyIO KYCTApHYIO caMoneMaInmEy 8 OGnacTH CHéTHEDX MpH- Gopon. nonin EKA CRON CxéTHI BKICO- Ko, Bor Kak OTSEIBAeTCR 0 COpOGane OmHIT anoncKuit yun: “Hecmorps 1a C8010 ApebtiocT, CopoGan mpeBocxomut Be CO- pemertantc c4érHbie npAGopEt 1érKOCTHIO OOpamenHa ¢ MMM, Mpocroror yerpori- TBA H JIEMIeBHSHOIO>. Met TOE Bripane GbUIM Gbt TOPAMTHCH Hanmi KORTOPCKHMM CHETaMH, TAK KAK pH naysmTemHOM Mpoctore yerportcTEa OH TIO OCTHTaemEIM 1a HX peaymEraTaM MOTYT COnePHUNATS B HEKOTODMX OTHO- TIEHHIX ADKE CO CHOMETBING, LOPOTOCTO- sauyuMin Caérrbiwen MausHetanny, B yatez5ix pykax sror neximTppiit npuGop penaer 110 por HacToamHe Hyzeca. (Onuet cnenanvicr, paGorasmti 20 pe- BOMIOKMH B KPYMHOFI PyCcKOA dupe TO Mporaxe CHETHBIX MaIIMH, paccKAsbiBast MEHe, HTO EMy He pas MpHXOmMTOCE Hay- MAT pyCCKHME CHeTaMML HHOCTpANHeR, MpHBOSHBUNEX OSpasnpt cnonarIx CHT HBIX MexaHHaMoB. OH ycrpaHBan cocts- SAHA MEY AByMA CHETSMKAMH, 13 KOTO- poix onme paGoras va Joporo# sarpanses- HOM -quRMHONHOie Mannie (1.€ Mam He {UU CIOKHHH), APYTOH IKE TOMBSOBAT- cm OGHKHOBeHMEIME cHéramm, HI coyya- (Oc, “ro NOCNEHEHA — parva, Cambio Mactep cnoero stei1a — 6past REP Hall O6- JaAATENeM 3aMOPCKOM JMKOBHEKH B OBI- erpore 1 TouHoctH BErMCTeHsti. BarBa10 WTAK, STO MHOCTpaHen, nopaxéurttt Got erporoit paGorpr Ha cue rax, cpasy ae cata-Sauaaticastias BACA MH YloTaBIRA CHOW MAME Bye MOjaH, HE Haesch npoqars B PoccHH HH ‘oHoro sKseMnapa. — Ksemy sax toporne cuérepie maniHt- Hii, CCH BMI TaK HCKYCHO cuHtTacTe MpH romomtr pamex nemtéoErx CHeTOB? — rOwKO- PHAM Hepeniko npencrassrerH yeocTpaH- HEI CbHpM. Tipavyta, ria pycormnx ca@rax Hema mpo- HSBOAHITD BCX TEX eMICTBMT, KOTOPDIE BEI oo} pings. Dope alone TY ined et. ae nomnoTc! Mannan, Hninenmme cx€r- HBIC MaILIMHI, KOHEYHO, OCTAIAOT sLA/IEKO T1O34i1H HaIlIM C4eTBL, HO BO MHOTOM — Ha- TIpHMep, B CHOXeHHH H BaIUETTAHHM — Cue Tel MOIYI CONEPHHGUTS CO CHO-HRIMM mpuGopamu, Bnpowem, 8 MCKyCHBDX pykax YMHOXCHHC H [CICHHC TaIOKC SHAHTTCABHO ycxopmiorea na cuérax, ecm 3H MpueMET BLITOMHeHHA THK peticraIt. TIoSHaKOMHMCH C HEXOTOPBIMH 3 HX, Yunoxenne na cvéTax OT HECKONPKO MPHEMOB, MOMBIYACH KO- TOpEIMH. BCAKHM yMeWITAt GEIcTpPO crmageinare a cuéTax CMOXET MPOROPHO BBITOTHATE BCTpevaIoMeca ta MpaKTHKe MIpHMeper yMHiOKeHTR, Yarioxenue a 2 u wa 3 samenserca ABYKPATHBIM H TPOEKPATHbIM CAOAEHHEM. Tipit yenioxxertnn tra 4 yeirroxxaior cra vasa Ha 2H CKIaIBIBAIOT 9TOT pesyabraT ¢ caMHM CO6OFt VMHOKEHHE uHCHA Ha 5 BbimtOmReTCR Ha cuéTax Tak: NlepeHOCsT HCE HHICO OHOA MPOBOTONOFE BEIT, TO ECTS YMHORAIOT CFO wa 10, a ares jest 970 10-KpaTHoe uHc- RO TIOMIOMaM (Kak ReTHTS Ha 2 ¢ HOMOMIIO cérop — Mbi YE OOBACHHTE BEIT, Ha 23). BMeCTO yMHOKEHHA Ha 6 yMHOxMOT Ha 5M IpHGaNtsIOT yMTtOKACMOE, BMecro yMHOeHMA Ha 7 yatiorKaloT ita 10 #oTHMMaWoT ymHoxKaeMoe TPH Pasa YaHORcHHe Ha 8 3aMeHROT YMHOKE- ave Ha 10 stimaye Ba yorrtorKueMbx. ‘TosHo TaK ike YMHOKAIOT Ha 9: 3aMeHs- OT yMHOXeHHeM Ha10 MUHYC AHO YMHO- owaeMoe. Tipu ymnroxerimet a 10 nepertocar, xaK bE Ye CKaSAAH, BCE SHICHIa OHO NPOBO- JOKOA BEIUTE, YuTatenb, BEPOATHO, YE CaM COOG- Pas, KaK Hao NocTyTIaT MIpH yMHO- 2KCHUM Ha unCNa, GomBUTHe 10, 1 KAKO- TO powa SaMcHBI TyT OKAKYTCH HaH6O- ee ynoOrsmn, Muoxntens 11 1470, KO- HCWHO, 3aMeHHTS Ha 10 + 1, MuoxkuTenb 12 samenmor a 10 + 2 wim mpaxriie- cxu— a 2+ 10,7. e. cHayaira orknaqnsa- 1OT yaBOCHHOe HCHO, a sateM npHOas- AUHOT yAeCHTEpEHHOE. MHOxHTETe 13 samenactca 1a 10+ 347.1. PACCMOTPHM HECKOMBKO OCOBBNX cyda- 8 JUIA MHO*RHTTENEA MepBOM COTHH: 20= 102, 22=11%2, 25=(100:2):2, 42=22+20, 43=33+10, 45=50—5, 63=33+30 wrR Jlerxo suzers, Mexay npowuM, uTo crO- MOUIBIO CUETOB OUCH yAOGHO yMHORATS Ha Tame dHcva, Kax 22, 33, 44,55 wT. 1;nogTOMy Hago CrpemiTicH pH pasGuBKce MHOKHTEIEH TOTESORATECA NOOGHBIMH MHCHAMH C OMAHAKOBDIME IHCpPAMH K CXOHBIM TIPREMaM NPHGeTUOT H TPH YMHOReHHM Ha HCA, Gombe 100, eH TOMOBHBIE HCKYCCTREHHEIE MpHEMBI yTO- MUTTCABEIE, TO Mbt BCETIAA, KOHENHO, MOKEM YMHORGTE ¢ TOMOMIEIO cHeTOR TO OOMe- My pagina, yarroast KAACIVIO NUCppy MEO 2xuTeNA Mi SamMCEIBa YaCTHEIe MpowaBe- nena — 310 poe me jae HeKOTOPOE COKpA- menue spemen Jeaeune na cyérax BITOAHETD € HOMOMIDIO KOHTOPCKAX cuéTOR eneHMe TOpasno TpyAKEe, SEM YMHORKATH; YI TOTO HYAKHO SATIOM- HETE wemeth pax ocoGuIx Mpuémon, TOm- ¥ac qOBOADHO SambIcIONATEIX, HnTepe- cyromuncs naar mpunéros o6paTarsca K chetyatbribim pyxonoacrsam, 3necb yRa- 2xY JMS, past HPAMePa, yaoGuBIe HpHe~ Ml ACACHHA C TOMOLIDIO CHETOR Ha HHC- za TepROTO AecATKa (KPOMe HHCITa 7, CTO- C06 AeneHHst Ha KOTOPoe Hepecuyp CO- xxeH). Kax jeauh wa 2, mt yc. sHacM (cx. nunte saayy 11), ct0c06 stor oNeH mpoct. Topasao caoxnee — npuém gene- Hua Ha 3: OH COCTOHT » sameHe neneHi6H YMHOXCHHEM Ha GCCKOHEYHYIO HepHO- AuMecKyIo poop 0,333.. (HSBECTHO, STO 0,333. = 1/3). YMHORKAT C HOMOUYDIO CHE- ‘TOR Ha 3 Mil yMeem; yMeHDiIMT B 10 pas ‘TOKE HECTOAHO: Haj s1MMIb MepeHocHTs JeaUMoc OfMOf MPononoKort nypKe, Tlo- Cie Hexomroro ynpaxnienna 5TOT MpHeM Rencuns na 3, 1a neppii saraaa anHHO- BaTbitl, OKAIBIB2ETCH AOBOTEHO YOSHEIM. wa mpaxruxe, Henerue wa 4, Koncano, samcnacter ‘ABYKDATHBIM JeNeHHEM Ha 2. Em€ npome Aetenne 11a 5: ero samen lor jeneHHem Ha 10H yaKOeHHeM pesyitb- vrata. Ha 6.qenar apa mpnéwa: cHavana pens a 2, noTOM momyyertHoe jenst Ha 3 Tenenme 11a 7, Kax mor Re CKa3A1H, BBI HOAHACTCA C HOMOIIDIO C¥€TOR Yepecuyp GIOXHO, H HloTOMY 3ylech HgnaraTe ero He 6yzem. Ha 8 jeu 8 1px mpuéa: crayaa na 2, NOTOM HOMYHCHHOE BHORS Ha 2 saTeM cemé pas Ha 2. Ovens Hurepeces pHs nenenma 1a 9. On ocHonart Ha TOM, 470 My = 0,111 1. Orewa scHO, TO BMECTO AENCHHA Ha 9 MOKHO HOCHICAORATEABHO CKMATAI- par 0,1 aemumoro + 0,01ero x7. 2. Tor pues noaeseH 4 Ana ycTHOTO JeacHHR a9) Beero mpome, xax sun, aenstrs Ha 2, 10 1.5 H, KOHeSHO, Ha TaKie KpaTHIE 134 uncma, KaK 4, 8, 16, 20, 25, 40, 50, 75, 80, 100. Stu cnyyan AencHua He npencras- AWOT TpyAHOCTH HJR ManOOMErTHOTOOrroaockn Ca pHa OTAAIEHEIBIM MpeAKAMM HANH KOH- TOPCKHX CHETOR CHABALBT HEKOTO- HIE NepeXXieTKH CrapHHL B SISBIKE HM OGLI- sax. Mazo KT rloqoapenaer, Hanpumep, STO, COSCTSCHHO, MoI /[eTZEM, SanAaHIEAA ‘MHOMIA «41H MAMGITHs YIENOK Ha HOCOBOM TuiaTke, Mbi OsTopaeM TO, 47 8 {peRHO- crm C GomsIIIM CMBICIOM AeA Han TPeNKH, “s4eK*, «BaHke TIO-HEMELLKH ogHasaeT cx Moa. “TO Ke OGMIETO Mery cburtartcomEINt YupoKTeHMeM — conpeMer- HOM cMBrce cnona — 4 cKaMBer? Oxaant- BaeTCR, 3R¢Cb AATEKO He MpocToe copnasle- He Hassani, AGak B opMe oxcenbie Gait MIMPOKO pacnpocrpanten B ToprowBIx Kpy- rax Iepwarmu 5 XV—XVI pexax, kya om MpOHMK w3 Virannn; Kaxnax MeHAHHAS JaBKa WI GaHKOBCKAN KOHTOPA NPEKIE noero XapakrepHsonamac MpHcyrcTaHeM sCuETHOM CKAMBH», — ECTECTHEHHO, WTO (CAMBS CTAIIA CHHOHMMOM 6aHKA. Bonee xocuemtioc ornomenne K aGa- Ky uMeeT COBO <¥eKs.OHO MPOHSBOAMT- ca OF CloBa eveKEpi> (YpadméHHE Ha knerkn), Tax tasbisamy pasrpadnennyso 8 hopme adaka KoxaHYIO camberky, KO- ‘Topyio B XVI—XVII sexax anrmtickwe KOMMepcaHTEE HOCHAH ¢ Cobol » cRép- HYTOM Bue H, B CayHae WapoHocTH npowsnccTm noacues, passéprsmmaan 1a cTore. Brann ana pacuéros rpadbHmics no o6pastty STHx cnépreisaromtuxcs a6a- KOB, H HeYMMBHTETPHO, 470 Ha HHX ne- Peveccno Gpit0 B COKpaMHHOM BHAC caMO HaspaHHie STHXx CHéTHEX MPHGO- OB: OT CORA ¢HeKepA> NPOHSOMLIO Cno- BO «HER. JhOGOrAITHO, OTKYa MPOHZONETO BEI PAKCHMe «MeTH- nit (1914 r) noiorKeH10 27 crioco6ox yoH0- 2xenma, mpHsém aTop SaMeuact: «Bech Ma BOSMOIKHO, YTO ecTb Heme (CTIOCOGEs), cxpoIrbie 8 TaMiHMKaX KHHTOXpaRHtH, pAsOpocaHHnle B MHOTOSHCICHMDIS, TaD Hsin O6Pas0M, PYKOTIMCHBIX COOPHHKAX®, Wace ati npHentt yMOKeHHA — sI1kax- Marin HH OPPaAHSHKONe, MeEnMNeckHe snencrava. Ha kononiiax nepedicnent! Haykit, 8 KOTOpEIK apHepMeTAKA Haxopi cBoe npniMeHerie: reoverpna, CTeDeOMeTDIA, ACIPOHOMIA, onic (shane, qoSsioaembie «TulaH¥ew»), mepraropina (1. kaprorpaguts), reorpadws, bopradmnauna, apxATeKTypa (Gian, nobweaeniie «yeHHelan), Hagnace BHU3y NOACHAET: *ApmpmenvKa 470 aeer Ha Cronnax To ace uMeeTs | B XVI sexe xparaafimun 1 yzo6neti- Mia crocoGom catranoc, nanpiMep,1e- neni s1onKott Win Tanepofie. SHaMeHH- Tat HTaMBAHCKHM MaTeMaTHK TOTO BpeMe~ 10d Harxosait Tapramna 8 cBo8M o6tMpHOM. yueGuKe apucbwernkn mican 06 370M cnocode ciepyiontee: .HogpdOH0e 3a!maBie €2 TaxO8O: “Apngwernea, crpest Hayra WnTenHas, nosenelveM uaps TeTpa Anexceesinia ‘8 pen/KoM rpane Mockse Twnorpacbexnm THcHeniteM pan DByeHMA MyApONOO HBL Poccaitcxi orporo® u seakoro sna H aospacTa ose Ha cBer NPOHSoEReKA a NTO OT owslectaa Bora cnoea 1703»,