Arihant NTA CUET UG Section 1 (A) Languages (Hindi & English) (Sscstudy - Com)

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Contents
SECTION I(A) (Language English) 1-104
l Reading Comprehension 3-73
l Verbal Ability 74
1. Choose the Correct Word (Sentence Completion) 75-77
2. Synonyms and Antonyms 78-85
3. Idioms and Phrases 86-92
4. One Word Substitution 93-96
5. Spellings 97-99
6. Rearrangement of Sentences 100-104
Practice Sets (1 & 2) 1-14
SECTION I(A) (Language Hindi) 1-132

l ~moY3-67
1. [a³V ñWmZm| H$s ny{V© 68-70
2. {dbmo‘mW©H$ eãX 71-81
3. gå‘moMm[aV {^ÝZmW©H$ eãX 82-87
4. ‘whmdao 88-101
5. dm³¶m§e Ho$ {bE EH$ eãX 102-111
6. dm³¶mJV Aew[Õ¶m± Am¡a CZH$m emoYZ 112-123
7. H«$‘ ì¶dñWmnZ 124-132
à¡p³Q>g goQ²>g (1 & 2) 1-10
CUET (UG)
All About
Exam
Common University Entrance Test (CUET (UG) – 2022) will be conducted in 13 mediums across India for admission into
the Undergraduate Programmes in Computer Based Test (CBT) mode for all the Central Universities (CUs) like DU, JNU,
JMI, BHU, AMU, etc. in India for the academic year 2022-23.
EVENTS DETAILS
Online submission of Application Form 06 April to 06 May, 2022 (up to 5:00 pm)
Last date of successful transaction of Examination Fee 06 May, 2022 (up to 11:50 pm)
Correction in the particulars of Application Form

To be announced later on the website
on Website only
Downloading of Admit Card from NTA Website To be announced later on the website
Date(s) of Examination First and second week of July, 2022
Duration of Examination Slot 1: 195 minutes (3:15 hours)

Slot 2: 225 minutes (3:45 hours)
Timing of Examination Slot 1: 09.00 AM to 12.15 PM (IST)

Slot 2: 03.00 PM to 06.45 PM (IST)
TESTS DESIGN There are three Sections in the design of the test:
Section IA 13 Languages (As a medium and “Language”) Section IB 20 Languages
Section II 27 Domain Speci c Subjects Section III General Test
MERIT LIST
Merit list will be prepared by participating Universities/ organisations. Universities may conduct their individual
counselling on the basis of the score card of CUET (UG) 2022 provided by NTA.
Broad features of CUET (UG) - 2022 are as follows:

Questions to
Section Subjects/Tests Question Type Duration
be Attempted
Section IA- There are 13* different 40 questions to Language to be tested through 45 minutes
Languages languages. Any of these be attempted out Reading Comprehension (based on for each
languages may be chosen. of 50 in each different types of passages – Factual, language
language Literary and Narrative, [Literary Aptitude
Section IB- There are 19** languages. and Vocabulary]
Languages Any other language apart
from those offered in Section
IA may be chosen.
Section II- There are 20*** Domains 40 questions to Ÿ Input text can be used for MCQ 45 minutes
Domain specific subjects being be attempted out based questions for each
offered under this Section. A of 50 Domain
Ÿ MCQs based on NCERT Class XII Specific
candidate may choose a
maximum of Six (06) Domains syllabus only Subjects
as desired by the applicable
University/Universities.
Section III- For any such undergraduate 60 questions to Ÿ Input text can be used for MCQ 60 minutes
General programme/programmes be attempted out based questions
Test being offered by Universities of 75
Ÿ General Knowledge, Current
where a General Test is being
used for admission. Affairs, General Mental Ability,
Numerical Ability, Quantitative
Reasoning (Simple application of
basic mathematical concepts
arithmetic/algebra geometry/
mensuration/stat taught till Grade
8) Logical and Analytical Reasoning
* Languages (13): Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Gujarati, Odiya, Bengali, Assamese, Punjabi, English,
Hindi and Urdu
** Languages (20): French, Spanish, German, Nepali, Persian, Italian, Arabic, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Kashmiri, Konkani, Bodo,
Dogri, Maithili, Manipuri, Santhali, Tibetan, Japanese, Russian, Chinese.
*** Domain Specific Subjects (27): 1. Accountancy/ Book Keeping, 2. Biology/ Biological Studies/Biotechnology
/Biochemistry, 3. Business Studies, 4. Chemistry 5. Computer Science/ Informatics Practices 6. Economics/ Business
Economics 7. Engineering Graphics 8. Entrepreneurship 9. Geography/Geology 10. History 11. Home Science 12.
Knowledge Tradition and Practices of India 13. Legal Studies 14. Environmental Science 15. Mathematics 16. Physical
Education/ NCC /Yoga 17. Physics 18. Political Science 19. Psychology 20. Sociology 21. Teaching Aptitude 22. Agriculture
23. Mass Media/ Mass Communication 24. Anthropology 25. Fine Arts/Visual Arts (Sculpture/ Painting)/Commercial Arts,
26. Performing Arts – (i) Dance (Kathak/ Bharatnatyam/Oddisi/ Kathakali/Kuchipudi/ Manipuri (ii) Drama- Theatre (iii)
Music General (Hindustani/ Carnatic/ Rabindra Sangeet/ Percussion/ Non-Percussion).
27. Sanskrit/For all Shastri (Shastri 3 years/ 4 years Honours) Equivalent to B.A./B.A. Honours courses i.e. Shastri in Veda,
Paurohitva (Karmakand), Dharamshastra, Prachin Vyakarana, Navya Vyakarana, Phalit Jyotish, Siddhant Jyotish,
Vastushastra, Sahitya,Puranetihas, Prakrit Bhasha,Prachin Nyaya Vaisheshik, Sankhya Yoga, Jain Darshan,Mimansa,Advaita
Vedanta, Vishihstadvaita Vedanta, Sarva Darshan, a candidate may choose Sanskrit as the Domain.]
Ÿ A candidate can choose a maximum of any 3 languages from Section IA and Section IB taken together. However, the
(one of the langueges chosen needs to be in lieu of 6th domain specific Subjects).
Ÿ Section II offers 27 Subjects, out of which a candidate may choose a maximum of 6 Subjects.
Ÿ Section III comprises General Test.
Ÿ For choosing Languages (upto 3) from Section IA and IB and a maximum of 6 Subjects from Section II and General Test
under Section III, the candidate must refer to the requirements of his/her intended University.
Broad features of CUET (UG) - 2022 are as follows:
Mode of the Test Computer Based Test-CBT
Test Pattern Objective type with Multiple Choice Questions
Medium 13 languages ( Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Gujarati, Odiya, Bengali,
Assamese, Punjabi, English, Hindi and Urdu)
Section IA & IB: Language to be tested through Reading Comprehension (based on different
types of passages– Factual, Literary and Narrative [Literary Aptitude & Vocabulary]
Section II : As per NCERT model syllabus as applicable to Class XII only

Syllabus
Section III : General Knowledge, Current Affairs, General Mental Ability, Numerical Ability,
Quantitative Reasoning (Simple application of basic mathematical concepts arithmetic/
algebra geometry/mensuration/stat taught till Grade 8), Logical and Analytical Reasoning
Registration Registration will be online at https://cuet.samarth.ac.in/. (available from 06.04.2022)
Level of questions for CUET (UG) -2022:

All questions in various testing areas will be benchmarked at the level of Class XII only. Students having studied Class XII
Board syllabus would be able to do well in CUET (UG) – 2022.
Number of attempts : If any University permits students of previous years of class XII to take admission in the current
year also, such students would also be eligible to appear in CUET (UG) – 2022.
Choice of Languages and Subjects : Generally the languages/subjects chosen should be the ones that a student has
opted in his latest Class XII Board examination. However, if any University permits any flexibility in this regards, the same
can be exercised under CUET (UG) -2022 also. Candidates must carefully refer to the eligibility requirements of various
Central Universities in this regard. Moreover, if the subject to be studied in the Undergraduate course is not available in
the list of 27 Domain Specific Subject being offered, the candidate may choose the Subject closest to his/her choice for
e.g. For Biochemistry the candidate may choose Biology.
Syllabus for SECTION I(A) Languages (English & Hindi)

Questions from the Language Section will be from the following topics but are not limited to :
1. Reading Comprehension : There will be three types of passages (maximum 300-350 words)
(i) Factual
(ii) Narrative
(iii) Literacy
2. Verbal Ability
3. Rearranging the Parts
4. Choosing the Correct Word
5. Synonyms and Antonyms
6. Vocabulary
COMPREHENSION 3
Reading Comprehension
Reading Comprehension is defined as the understanding Factual ■

A set of facts ■
Newspapers, magazines
of a passage or a text. It includes a passage followed by a passage ■
Instructions ■
Brochures
few questions. The nature of comprehension asked in ■
Report ■
Reference books
the examination are descriptive, narrative, explanatory, ■
Description ■
Encyclopaedias
persuasive and argumentative and the word limit of Discursive ■
Opinions ■
Newspapers, magazines
passage is 250 to 300 words. passage ■
Persuasive text ■
Reference books
Basically, comprehension tests the reader’s ability to
■
Argumentative text
understand the content as well as style and theme of the
■
Interpretative text
passage. It is meant to test the understanding powers Literary ■
Extract from fiction, ■
Novels
and intellectual skills of a student. Passage drama, essay, ■
Short stories
biography, etc ■
Dramas
■
Biographies
Types of Passages ■
Other literary books
Narrative ■
Sequence of ■
Imagined tale with flash
The passage could be of any one of the following types Passage events backs or multiple timelines
(i) Factual A factual passage includes some facts
about the physical aspects of a subject. It
includes instructions, descriptions and reports. Steps to Attempt Reading Comprehension
It helps the student to get a detailed view of the The following steps have to be attempted while reading
subject and develop a complete mental picture of comprehension
a specific person, place, object or being. 1. Read each and every line in the passage carefully.
(ii) Discursive A narrative passage includes Reading the passage twice is always favourable as it
argumentative, interpretative and persuasive helps in better understanding and makes it easier for
text. Such passages may include opinions or a student to find answers. If the title of the passage
feedback. It allows students to arrive at a is given, read it first as it gives the central insight of
conclusion through reasoning and understanding the passage.
rather than intuition. It presents a balanced and 2. Underline all the difficult words while reading the
objective approach towards the subject being passage, as you might be tested on these words in the
discussed. vocabulary questions.
(iii) Literary A literary passage may include an 3. Always give emphasis on the beginning and end of
extract from fiction, drama, biography, the passages. These paragraphs often hold the most
autobiography, travelogue, poetry etc. important information of the passage.
(iv) Narrative Narrative passage is one of the 4. While answering be sure that you’ve clearly
easiest to identify as they are written in form of understood the question. Answer must be relevant to
a story. Such passages includes bibliophile, the question.
novels, anecdotes, autobiographies, histories etc.
5. Ensure that you answer the question according to
These passages relate a series of events either
the marks it carries. Subjective questions should be
real or imaginary or chronologically arranged
answered in complete sentences.
information is provided to the readers.
4 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language
6. Try to use your own language and modify the Pluto is the last and was considered a planet after its
answer according to the question. discovery in 1930. In 2006, Pluto was demoted and
7. Answers should be based on information given/ reclassified as a dwarf planet. Pluto exists in the Kuiper
inference derived from the information in the belt. That’s just a fancy name for the band of rocks, dust
passage. and ice that lies beyond the gas giants. Scientists have
8. Make sure that you use the same tense in which the found objects bigger than Pluto in this belt. Thus, the
question has been asked. outer solar system has many secrets to explore.
9. In MCQ’s analyse the questions and options carefully 1. When it is said that “Pluto was demoted and
before selecting the correct option because some of reclassified”, it is meant that
the four options are often closely related. (a) Pluto is no longer considered a planet
10. Write the correct question number on each answer (b) Pluto was categorised as a different kind of planet
sheet to avoid mistakes. (c) Pluto was renamed
(d) Pluto was removed from our planetary system
Examples 2. The two gases which make up most of Jupiter and

Saturn are ............ .
Read the following passages carefully and answer the
(a) hydrogen and ammonia
questions that follow.
(b) hydrogen and methane
(c) hydrogen and helium
Passage 1 (Factual) (d) None of the above
The outer solar system is the name of the planets beyond 3. According to the passage, our planet is made up of
the asteroid belt. These planets are called gas giants gases and ice. Choose the option that lists the
because they are made up of gas and ice. gases not found on the planets mentioned in the
The first stop of our tour is the fifth planet, Jupiter. passage.
Jupiter is bigger than three hundred Earths! It is made up 1. Ammonia 2. Methane
of hydrogen and helium and a few other gases. There are 3. Oxygen 4. Hydrogen
violent wind storms that circle around Jupiter. The most 5. Carbon
famous storm is called the Great Red Spot. It has been (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
churning for more than four hundred years already. At (c) 3 and 5 (d) 3 and 4
last count, Jupiter has sixty-three known moons and a
4. Based on your understanding of the passage,
faint ring around it too.
choose the option that gives the correct sequence of
Next in our space neighbourhood comes Saturn. It is planet in the ascending order of moons.
well-known for the series of beautiful rings that circle it. 1. Earth 2. Jupiter
They are made up of tiny bits of frozen dirt and ice. Like 3. Pluto 4. Uranus
Jupiter, Saturn is made up of mostly hydrogen and helium.
5. Saturn
It is smaller though, at only ninety-five times the size of
(a) 3,1, 4, 5,2 (b) 1,3,4 2,5
Earth. Saturn has sixty-two moons.
(c) 1,4,3,5,2 (d) 4,1,3,5, 2
The seventh planet, Uranus and its twenty-seven moons
orbit very far from the sun. In addition to helium and 5. The Kuiper belt is an area of rocks, dust, and ice
hydrogen, Uranus atmosphere also contains ammonia ice that ............ .
and methane ice. It is a very cold planet, with no internal (a) is between Jupiter and Saturn
(b) is beyond Pluto
heat source. One of the strangest things about Uranus is
(c) includes Pluto
that it is tipped over and orbits the sun on its side at a
(d) surrounds Saturn’s rings
ninety-degree angle. The twenty-seven moons it has orbit
from top to bottom, instead of left to right like our moon. 6. ................... is the name of a band of rocks, dust
The eighth planet is Neptune. Like Uranus, it is made up and ice lying beyond Neptune.
of hydrogen, helium, ammonia ice and methane ice. But (a) Asteroid belt (b) Great red Spot
unlike Uranus, Neptune does have an inner heat source, (c) Kuiper belt (d) Gas giants
just like Earth. It radiates twice as much heat as it 7. Which of the following options list the planets
receives from the sun. Neptune’s most distinctive quality without any internal heat source?
is its blue colour. Most of the information we know about (a) Jupiter and Uranus (b) Earth and Neptune
it came from the Voyager 2 spacecraft passing close by it (c) Saturn and Pluto (d) Jupiter and Saturn
in 1989.
COMPREHENSION 5
8. A synonym of ‘faint’ used in paragraph 2 is .......... . Since the adoption of the first Geneva Convention 150
(a) indistinct (b) slight years ago, international humanitarian law has become a
(c) muffled (d) unconscious central pillar of the international legal order. Ultimately
its provisions serve to protect our key characteristic as
9. A synonym of ‘circle’ used in paragraph 3 is .......... . human beings: our humanity. This is an irrevocable right.
(a) group (b) rotate (c) band (d) surround It is based on the belief, forged over centuries and in all
10. A synonym of ‘tipped’ used in paragraph 4 is ........ . our cultures, according to which it is essential to lay down
(a) topped (b) tilted rules if we want to prevent wars from degenerating into
(c) poured (d) presented barbarism. It is up to our generation to consolidate these
achievements and to create an institutional framework to
11. Pick the option showing the correct use of
ensure these rules are respected. If it is to be fully
‘churning’ as used in the passage.
effective, the law needs suitable instruments. Never in
(a) Programme-makers seem irresponsibly about
churning out violence. the history of humankind have we been closer to a
(b) The churning, pressing crowds made her feel solution than we are today.
claustrophobic. 1. How did the International humanitarian law
(c) I had my driving test that morning and my change between 1977 and 2005?
stomach was churning.
(a) It abolished use of biological and chemical weapons
(d) Guided by the churning within the planet, the crust
(b) It abolished use of cluster munitions
of the Earth has been in a constant state of flux.
(c) It abolished use of anti-personnel mines
(d) All of the above
Passage 2 (Discursive)
2. When and why were the Geneva Conventions
Today’s wars have little in common with the battles of the adopted?
19th century. The fighting has gradually moved from
(a) 1949; to prevent wars from taking place
clearly defined battlefields to populated areas. Traditional
(b) 1977-2005; to preserve humanity during wars
war between armies of opposing states is an exception, (c) 1949; to preserve humanity during wars
while non-international conflicts have become the norm. (d) 100 years ago; to prevent wars from taking place
Nowadays, civilians bear the brunt of armed conflicts.
3. The International Humanitarian Law has led to
International humanitarian law has adapted to this
change. Appalled by the destruction and suffering caused 1. Ban of certain weapons
by the Second World War, states agreed in the four 2. Protection of war countries
Geneva Conventions of 1949 on comprehensive 3. Providing treatment to the wounded
protection for those who are not or are no longer 4. Prosecution of war crimes
participating in hostilities— wounded and sick soldiers, (a) 1 and 2 (b) 3 and 4
prisoners of war and civilians. This cornerstone of (c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 4
international humanitarian law was supplemented in 4. Based on your understanding of the passage,
1977 and 2005 by three additional protocols. The use of choose the option that lists the correct sequence of
certain weapons, such as biological or chemical weapons, the data in the passage.
cluster munitions and anti-personnel mines is now widely
1. The ICC supports the International
outlawed. The law has placed barriers to protect the most Humanitarian Law in its functioning.
vulnerable from the brutality of war. Its implementation
2. Humanity is the central basis of the
has also seen a certain amount of progress, such as in the International Humanitarian Law.
training of soldiers or in the prosecution of the worst war
3. The International Humanitarian Law lacks
crimes, thanks in particular to the founding of the mechanism of effective compliance.
International Criminal Court (ICC).
4. There is a difference between traditional war
Nevertheless, regular serious breaches of international and wars that take place today.
humanitarian law are a cause of suffering. Underlying it (a) 1,2,3,4 (b) 4,2,1,3
all is our collective failure. The contracting states (c) 3,2,1,4 (d) 1,4,2,3
undertook in Article 1 — common to the four Geneva
Conventions of 1949 — “to respect and to ensure respect” 5. Which of the following have the contracting states
for these conventions “in all circumstances.” undertaken in Article 1 in all circumstances?
International humanitarian law has, since its conception, (a) Ensure that the conventions are implemented.
lacked mechanisms for encouraging effective compliance. (b) Affirm that the conventions will not be violated.
This impotence has often meant death and destruction (c) To respect and to ensure respect for the conventions.
for those affected by war. (d) None of the above
6. The significant change that the Geneva Wherever narrative is necessary to explain, connect, and
Conventions of 1949 brought about was that the supply, I furnish it to the best of my abilities; but in the
countries agreed to protect the people who were no chronological series of Johnson’s life, which I trace as
longer fighting the war. distinctly as I can, year by year, I produce, wherever it is
in my power, his own minutes, letters, or conversation,
Which of the following categories of people did it
being convinced that this mode is more lively, and will
include?
make my readers better acquainted with him, than even
(a) Prisoners of war and civilians most of those were who actually knew him, but could
(b) Wounded and sick soldiers know him only partially; whereas there is here an
(c) Both (a) and (b) accumulation of intelligence from various points, by
(d) None of these which his character is more fully understood and
7. The International Humanitarian Law believes illustrated.
that……… Indeed I cannot conceive a more perfect mode of writing
(a) Humanity is the central pillar of existence any man’s life, than not only relating all the most
(b) It is essential for all countries to follow it in all important events of it in their order, but interweaving
circumstances what he privately wrote, and said, and thought. Had his
(c) It is essential to lay down rules to prevent wars other friends been as diligent and ardent as I was, he
from degenerating might have been almost entirely preserved. As it is, I will
(d) The law needs sustainable instruments to be venture to say that he will be seen in this work more
effective completely than any man who has ever yet lived.
8. What does the word ‘irrevocable’ mean in And he will be seen as he really was, for I profess to write,
paragraph 4? not his panegyric, which must be all praise, but his life;
(a) irascible (b) unchangeable which, great and good as he was, must not be supposed to
(c) irreparable (d) irresponsive be entirely perfect. To be as he was, is indeed subject of
panegyric enough to any man in this state of being; but in
9. Pick the option showing the correct use of every picture there should be shade as well as light, and
‘cornerstone’ as used in the passage.
when I delineate him without reserve, I do what he
(a) This study is the cornerstone of the whole research
himself recommended, both by his precept and his
programme.
example, as quoted below.
(b) The cornerstone of that ideology is the doctrine of
judicial independence, to which we now turn. ‘‘If the biographer writes from personal knowledge, and
makes haste to gratify the public curiosity, there is danger
(c) The prohibition of discrimination on grounds of
lest his interest, his fear, his gratitude, or his tenderness,
nationality remains a cornerstone of unification.
overpower his fidelity, and tempt him to conceal, if not to
invent.’’
10. The phrase ‘bear the brunt’ means 1. It can be inferred from the passage that
(a) Acting as a main force Dr Johnson ......... .
(b) Suffer the worst
(a) wrote many biographies
(c) Most deeply effected (b) wrote his own autobiography
(d) To absorb the attack (c) was against writing his autobiography
11. What does the word ‘forged’ mean in paragraph 4? (d) did not want the author to write about him
(a) imitated/fake (b) broken 2. Dr Johnson would probably have agreed that ....... .
(c) established (d) barricaded (a) a biography tends to over-praise
(b) an autobiography is always misleading
Passage 3 (Literary) (c) an autobiographer is the greatest authority on his
own life
Had Dr Johnson written his own life, in conformity with (d) All of the above
the opinion which he has given, that every man’s life may
be best written by himself; had he employed in the 3. According to the passage, the author goes through the
preservation of his own history, that clearness of various letters, conversations and minutes to ……
narration and elegance of language in which he has (a) give a correct chronology of Johnson
embalmed so many eminent persons, the world would (b) to illustrate Johnson’s characteristics with utmost
precision
probably have had the most perfect example of biography
(c) to write a perfect biography
that was ever exhibited. (d) to present his thought in his works
COMPREHENSION 7
4. Based on your understanding of the passage, Passage 4 (Narrative)

choose the option that lists the correct sequence of
the data in the passage. Like their ancient toga-wearing counterparts, modern
1. The author does not want to flatter Dr.
philosophers continue to disagree on the nature of
Johnson. freewill. Do we really have any control over the choices we
2. Dr. Johnson was an expert biographer.
make and the things we desire, and if so, to what degree?
3. The author desires to interweave the personal Theories of freewill vary, but the ancient words of Plato
life of Johnson with his works. still line up with our modern perceptions of temptation
4. The author follows the recommendations of and willpower. The revered Greek philosopher argued
Dr. Johnson. that the human experience is one of constant struggle
(a) 1,3,2,4 (b) 2,3,1,4 between the intellect and the body, between rationality
(c) 4,3,2,1 (d) 1,2,3,4 and desire. Along these lines, true freedom is only
achievable when willpower unchains us from bodily, emotional,
5. Whom does the author blame for his inability to instinctual slavery. You can find similar sentiments throughout
preserve Dr. Johnson? world religions, most of which offer a particular and often
(a) Dr. Johnson’s friends difficult path to rise above our darker natures.
(b) Dr. Johnson’s family
(c) Dr. Johnson himself And science? Well, science mostly agrees with all of this.
(d) Cannot say Willpower is all about overcoming your natural impulses
to eat cupcakes, skip your morning workout, flirt with the
6. The author does not want to write a panegyric waiter, hit the snooze alarm and check your e-mail during
because a funeral. Your willpower, however, is limited. If life were
(a) he feels that it would not be a perfect biography a video game, you’d see a glowing “willpower” or “ego”
(b) he feels that it would harm dr. johnson’s meter at the top of the screen next to your “life” meter.
reputation
Successfully resist one temptation, and the meter depletes
(c) he believes that dr. johnson was not perfect
(d) he believes that only dr. johnson’s friends would
a little. The next temptation depletes the “willpower”
do so meter even more, until there’s nothing left at all.
Our modern scientific understanding of willpower in
7. How can a person know more about Dr. Johnson?
large part stems from a 1996 research experiment
(a) By talking to his friends
involving chocolate and radishes. Psychologist Roy
(b) By reading his letters and conversation
Baumeister led a study in which 67 test subjects were
(c) By reading about his lectures
(d) By reading the biographies written by him
presented with tempting chocolate chip cookies and other
chocolate-flavored treats before a persistence-testing
8. The word ............ is a synonym of ‘panegyric’ used puzzle. Here’s the catch: The researchers asked some of
in paragraph 4. the participants to abstain from sweets and snack on
(a) eulogy (b) myth radishes instead.
(c) portrait (d) fame Baumeister’s results told a fascinating story. The test
9. When the author of the passage states that “in subjects who resisted the sweet stuff in favor of radishes
every picture there should be shade as well as performed poorly on the persistence test. They simply
light,” he means to highlight didn’t have the willpower left to resist slacking off.
(a) Praise as well as criticism The resulting paper, “Ego Depletion: Is the Active Self a
(b) Flattery and flaws Limited Resource?” inspired more than a thousand
(c) Good as well as bad qualities additional studies discussing everything from the
(d) Highs and lows of life influence of positive messages to the ego-sapping power of
10. In paragraph 1, the word ............ means daily decisions.
‘preserved someone or something in an unalterable Studies also show that cognitive capacity also affects our
state’. ability to hold out against temptation. Cognitive capacity
(a) perfect (b) preservation is essentially your working memory, which you employ
(c) frozen (d) embalmed when resisting a temptation ... or holding a string of
numbers in your head. A 1999 study from the University
11. In paragraph 4, the word ............ means ‘describe
of Iowa professor Baba Shiv found that people tasked with
or portray precisely’. remembering a two-digit number held out better than
(a) perfectly (b) tilted people remembering a seven-digit number when tempted
(c) delineate (d) precept with chocolate cake.
1. What do you understand by ‘freewill’? There was a time some five centuries back, when books as
(a) The choices we make and the things we desire we know them today did not exist, and when there were
(b) The choices that philosophers force us to make few people who could read things written on stuff which
(c) Our perception of temptation certainly was not paper. At that time our ancestors used
(d) Our ego rocks, pillars and parchment with a view to recording and
perpetuating their most important thoughts and
2. According to Plato, when is true freedom available?
achievements in the language they then understood.
(a) When there is a struggle between the intellect and
the body Nowadays, the book-producing machinery gives to the
(b) When our willpower helps us to overcome our base works of every great scientific thinker, poet or philosopher
instincts the character of permanence, reproduces in attractive
(c) When we desire that which we cannot achieve forms old and rare manuscripts and caters to the differing
(d) When we have no control over our ego tastes of millions of people for whom book-reading is an
extremely pleasant, intellectual exercise.
3. In the second paragraph, what does the expression
‘line up’ signify? Moreover, the high percentage of literacy, the growth of
(a) Align with (b) Disagree with libraries in towns and villages and the tendency of
(c) Differ from (d) In discussion with intellectuals to have their own private collection of useful
books, have given birth to a number of big publishing
4. What is meant by ‘cognitive capacity’?
houses with branches in many parts of the world and
(a) Willpower
publications numbering thousands.
(b) Our ego
(c) Our ability to overcome temptation In recent years, paperbacks have begun to reveal their
(d) The desire to give in to temptation attraction for the reading public, and although they have
not completely thrown into neglect the hard cover
5. From the RC given above, find a synonym for markets, they have appealed to people who would not
‘respected’? have thought of buying books not so very long ago. These
(a) Cognitive (b) Temptation paperbacks are generally reprints of popular fiction or of
(c) Desire (d) Revered
established classics or translations from foreign works
which are in constant demand at all bookstalls.
Factual Passages 1. For the majority of people, book-reading is ……… .
Read the following passages carefully and answer the 1. an enjoyable intellectual exercise
questions that follow. 2. a boring job
3. not interesting
Passage 1 (a) Only 2 (b) Only 3
(c) Only 1 (d) 2 and 3
The kingdom of books is as vast as the universe, for there
is no corner of it which they have left unexplored. There 2. Books are helpful for …………… .
is no dearth of books on any topic, be it as simple as the 1. reporting research results
composition of sodium nitrate or as intricate as the 2. spread progressive view on vital matters
mechanism of a spacecraft. Books report the fruits of our 3. advancement of civilisation
research in various fields of knowledge, and spread our 4. studying for exams
progressive view on matters which are of vital concern to (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
our fellow beings. (c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) Only 4
In fact, no single product of human labour has been as
3. Which of the following have contributed to the
helpful to the advancement of civilisation as books, which
growth of publishing houses?
are written in all languages of the world and are
(a) High literacy
decoratively placed in bookshelves in our homes and
(b) Growth of libraries
tastefully displayed in bookstall and libraries. If to Keats, (c) People’s desire to have their own collection
works of ancient poets like (d) All of the above
Homer were realms of gold from which he derived much
joy as well as inspiration, to the modern lover of books, the 4. Which has been one of the most helpful product
of human labour to the advancement of
labours of all geniuses, including those of Keats, are
civilisation?
mines of inestimable intellectual wealth which he goes on
(a) Books (b) Publishing houses
exploring for the sake of his mental and spiritual
(c) Paper (d) Spacecraft
advancement.
COMPREHENSION 9
5. Popular paperbacks are generally reprints of …… . A study at a restaurant setting showed that when pasta
(a) popular fiction was served in different portion sizes on different days,
(b) scientific researches people ate larger amounts on being served larger portions,
(c) spacecraft mechanism regardless of the taste. Also, studies show that people do
(d) non fiction not adjust or eat less in subsequent meals if they have
already had larger portions.
6. Which of the following is/are not an advantage of
paperbacks? Technically a portion means the amount of food you
1. They are easily available. choose to eat at one time – at a restaurant, from a
2. They have overtaken hand cover market.
package, or at home. A ‘serving’ size indicates the calories
and nutrients in a certain serving listed under a product’s
3. They appeal to people who would not have
bought books otherwise. ‘nutrition facts’ or a single unit or commonly regarded
unit of food. The serving size is not the recommended
4. They are durable.
amount to be eaten.
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 3 and 4
(c) Only 3 (d) 1, 2 and 4 Sometimes, the portion size and serving size match;
sometimes they don’t. For example, one slice of bread
7. The book producing machinery has facilitated ....… . equals one serving of bread. But the number of slices you
(a) making printing easy eat would be the number of portions you have eaten, so if
(b) providing permanence to the works of scientists, you have eaten two slices, you have consumed two
philosophers and thinkers
portions.
(c) printing paperbacks
(d) None of the above So how do we recognise what’s the right amount of food
to eat on a regular basis? Learn to recognise standard
8. The word ……… in para 2 means ‘Ornamentally’. serving sizes as they help you judge how much you are
(a) Fancifully (b) Tastefully eating. It may also help to compare serving sizes to
(c) Decoratively (d) None of these common objects.
9. ‘Displeased’ is an antonym of the word ……… in
1. How do portions and sizes vary?
the passage.
(a) Appealed (b) Pleased
(a) From country to country
(b) From community to community
(c) Enjoyed (d) Delighted
(c) From developed economies to developing
10. The word ……… in the passage is an antonym of economies
‘Retreat’. (d) All of the above
(a) Advancement (b) Abandon
2. According to the passage, what is central to the
(c) Backward (d) March
concept of nutritional science?
(a) Portions and sizes
Passage 2 (b) Nutritional value of food
There’s no concept of good or bad food in nutrition (c) Calorie intake
science. What matters is the amount of food you (d) Variability of food items
consume, something that can be measured in terms of 3. According to the passage, which of the following
portion or size of serving. Portions and sizes vary from statements are TRUE?
country to country and community to community. Large 1. Portion sizes are increasing.
portions are commonly consumed in the advanced
2. Developed economies have larger portions of
economies while smaller size portions are found mostly in food.
developing economies of Africa and Asia. 3. Portion varies from community to community
Incidentally, portion sizes have undergone a considerable only.
change over the years and continue to do so even today. 4. People adjust the size of meals regularly.
The trend, in general, has been towards consuming larger (a) 1 and 2 (b) 3 and 4
and larger food portions (expanding waistlines are proof (c) 1 and 3 (d) 2 and 4
of this). The human mind seems to count the number of 4. According to the passage, the problem with human
portions rather than the portion size. mind is that it
For example, when people say they have only one (a) counts calories intake
chapatti for lunch or dinner, they rarely discuss its size. (b) does not consider portion size
Short-term studies have also shown that people eat more (c) prefers smaller portions
when confronted with larger portion sizes. (d) wants everything in excess
5. What shows that portion sizes are increasing? Alternatively, we could go to the cinema, some three
(a) A survey report weeks after the match, to see a two-minute capsule in the
(b) A study conducted at a restaurant Indian News Review that preceded the feature film.
(c) Expanding waistlines of people It is not that there was no technology available to make
(d) Health disorders life a little more rewarding. Yet, in 1971, when BS
6. What do people do in subsequent meals after they Chandrasekhar mesmerised the opposition and gave
consume large portion sizes for one meal? India its first Test victory at the Oval, there was no TV,
(a) They skip the next meal except in Delhi.
(b) They eat less in the next meal Those were the bad old days of the shortage economy
(c) They do not eat less in subsequent meals when everything, from cinema tickets to two-wheelers,
(d) They count the calories they have consumed had a black market premium. Telephones were a
7. According to the data given in the passage, which particular source of exasperation. By the 1970s, the
of the following is NOT CORRECT? telephone system in cities had collapsed. You may have
possessed one of those heavy, black bakelite instruments
(a) Africa and Asia have smaller portions of food.
(b) Larger food portions means larger consumptions.
but there was no guarantee of a dial tone when you picked
(c) After larger food portions are consumed people opt up the receiver. The ubiquitous ‘cable fault’ would render
for smaller portions. a telephone useless for months on end.
(d) Portion sizes always match. What was particularly frustrating was that there was
8. The word ‘confronted’ as used in the passage, can precious little you could do about whimsical public
be replaced by services. In the early 1980s, when opposition MPs
(a) challenged (b) addressed complained about dysfunctional telephones, the then
(c) faced (d) attacked Communications Minister CM Stephen retorted that
phones were a luxury and not a right. If people were
9. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of dissatisfied, he pronounced haughtily, they could return
‘serving’ as used in the passage. their phones.
(a) The number of prisoners serving life sentences has
fallen. Inefficiency was, in fact, elevated into an ideal. When
(b) He is eating one serving of pasta. capital-intensive public sector units began running into
(c) He is serving on a warship in the Pacific. the red, the regime’s economists deemed that their
(d) There was only one girl serving customers. performance shouldn’t be judged by a narrow capitalist
yardstick. The public sector, they pronounced, had to
10. Which of the following words cannot replace exercise ‘social’ choices. ‘India’, wrote Jagdish Bhagwati
regardless as used in the passage? (one of the few genuine dissidents of that era), “suffered
(a) Despite (b) Notwithstanding the tyranny of anticipated consequences from the wrong
(c) Whatever (d) Ignoring
premises.”
11. What is the recommended amount of food to be
1. The narrator felt dispirited as his team .......... .
eaten?
(a) was the number one team of the world
(a) It is the portion size and not the serving size
(b) could not perform as per people’s expectations
(b) It is the serving size and not the portion size
(c) could not play even 100 overs
(c) It is measured in terms of slices of bread
(d) performed like professionals
(d) It is to be decided by the individual
2. BS Chandrasekhar played a crucial role in making
Passage 3 India register ............ .
(a) its complaint to the match referee
Last week was spent glued to TV, watching India getting
(b) itself as a Test playing team
thrashed by a rejuvenated England at Lord’s. Like most
(c) its first Test win at the Oval
Indians, I too was dispirited by India’s inability to live up
(d) its humiliating loss at the Oval
to its reputation as the number one team. But at least
there was the immense satisfaction of watching the 3. How does the passage describe the telephone?
match live and even listening to BBC’s good-humoured 1. Fashionable 2. Unpredictable
Test Match Special on Internet radio. 3. Faulty 4. Luxury
It was such a change from my schooldays when you had to 5. Whimsical
tune in to a crackling short wave broadcast for (a) 1,2,3 (b) 2,3,4
intermittent radio commentary. (c) 3,4,5 (d) 2 and 3
COMPREHENSION 11
4. Which of the following statements is CORRECT as Passage 4

per the passage?
(a) The public services needed a revolution in the A dance which is created or choreographed and
author’s childhood. performed according to the tenets of the Natya Shastra is
(b) There was a great transparency in public services. called a classical dance. The two broad aspects of classical
(c) The author of the passage as a grown up did not dancing are the tandava and the lasya. Power and force
have access to technology. are typical of the tandava; grace and delicacy, of the
(d) The telephone lines were great during the author’s lasya. Tandava is associated with Shiva, and lasya with
childhood. Parvati. Dance which is pure movement is called nritta,
5. Telephones were a source of exasperation because and dance which is interpretative in nature is called
.......... . nritya. The four main schools of classical dancing in
(a) cable faults made telephones unusable India are Bharat Natyam, Kathakali, Manipuri and
(b) the telephone system in cities had collapsed Kathak.
(c) the telephone instruments were heavy Bharatanatyam is the oldest and most popular dance form
(d) there was no guarantee of a dial tone when you of India. Earlier, it was known by various names. Some
picked up the receiver called it Bharatam, some Natyam, some Desi Attam and
6. The author calls his schooldays as ‘bad old days’ some Sadir. The districts of Tanjore and Kanchipuram in
because ............ . Tamil Nadu were the focal points in the development of
(a) almost everything had a black market Bharat Natyam. It was danced as a solo performance by
premium devadasis (temple dancers) on all auspicious occasions.
(b) things were too costly Later, kings and rich people lent their patronage to it and
(c) his teachers would not distribute anything under it started shedding its purely sacred character.
welfare schemes The dancer is directed by the natuvanar, who is a
(d) he could not get a handsome amount of pocket musician and, invariably, a teacher. Another musician
money
plays the cymbals. The music for Bharatsnatyam is
7. The problem with the public services as per the from the Carnatic School of music. The mridangam (a
author was drum), played on both sides with the hands, provides the
(a) inaccountability (b) inefficiency rhythm.
(c) corruption (d) haughtiness
The home of Kathakali is Kerala. Kathakali literally means
8. The word in paragraph 2 which means the same as ‘story-play’. It combines music, dance, poetry, drama and
‘occurring at intervals’ is ............ . mime. Its present form has evolved out of older forms
(a) ubiquitous such as Ramanattam and Krishnanattam.
(b) exasperation Kathakali dance-dramas last from dusk to dawn. The
(c) mesmerised artistes use elaborate costumes; mask-like make-up and
(d) intermittent towering head-dresses. The dancers are all males. Female
9. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of roles are usually played by boys. There is no stage - a few
‘whimsical’ as used in the passage. mats are spread on the ground for the audience to sit on.
(a) Despite his kind and whimsical air, he was a The only ‘stage-lighting’ is a brass lamp fed with coconut
shrewd observer of people. oil.
(b) The whimsical imagery of Martinez’s work plays Two singers provide the vocal music. The chenda, a large
on colour and shape.
drum, which is beaten on one side with two slender
(c) Love is whimsical and temperamental.
curved sticks, is an integral part of the Kathakali
performance. A metal gong, a pair of cymbals and another
10. In paragraph 6, the word ........... is the antonym of drum complete the orchestra. Besides providing the beat,
‘lowered’. they are also the means by which all the sound-effects are
(a) promoted (b) denigrated created.
(c) elevated (d) deemed
1. What is the Natya Shastra?
11. Which word in the passage means same as (a) A scientific study of classical dance
‘Condensed version’ ? (b) The science of dances
(a) Elevated (b) Intermittent (c) Shiva’s sacred thread
(c) Dispirited (d) Rejuvenated (d) None of the above
2. When did Bharat Natyam start shedding its purely Passage 5

sacred character?
(a) When the devadasis stopped dancing
The power of our body to fight against various disease
(b) When it was danced as a solo performance producing agents is known as defence mechanism. This
(c) When kings and the rich patronised it defence mechanism depends upon various factors which
(d) When they used Carnatic music can be categorised mainly into two types-common factors
and special factors.
3. Which of the following lists the elements not
present in Kathakali?
Amongst the common factors, the most important is the
health of human beings. For keeping good health, one
1. Drama 2. Costume
should take a nutritious balanced diet. A balanced diet is
3. Mime 4. Stage
that which contains carbohydrates, fat, proteins, vitamins
5. Dance 6. Tabla in proportionate amount.
(a) 4 and 6 (b) 1,2,3
(c) 3,4,5 (d) 1 and 3 The skin saves us against many micro-organisms
producing diseases, provided that it is intact. In case
4. Bharatnatyam is most popular in there are cuts or abrasions on it, the micro-organisms
(a) Kerala (b) Tanjore penetrate the body through those cuts and abrasions and
(c) Kanchipuram (d) Both (b) and (c) can cause diseases. Therefore, a cut or an abrasion
5. Which two schools of classical dance are described should never be left open. In case there is no bandage
in the passage? available, it may be covered by a clean cloth.
(a) Bharatanatyam and Kathak Some bacteria reside on and inside the human body. They
(b) Kathak and Kathakali do not cause any disease and by their presence they do
(c) Bharatanatyam and Kathakali not allow disease-causing organisms to settle on those
(d) Manipuri and Kathak places. The human body secretes a variety of fluids, which
6. In which drama form the dancers are all males? are killers for disease causing micro-organisms. For
(a) Bharatanatyam (b) Kathakali instance, gastric juice (acidic in nature) secreted by our
(c) Desi Attam (d) Lasya intestinal tract kills all organisms which enter our body
through food.
7. Kathakali, it can be said is a, ……… dance form.
There are a few automatic activities of our body known as
(a) male dominated (b) female dominated
(c) stage performative (d) street performative ‘reflex phenomenon or action’, which protects the body
against many infections. This reflex phenomenon
8. The phrase ‘focal point’ indicates includes sneezing, coughing and vomiting.
(a) origin
Fever is one of the most important constituents of the
(b) popularity
defence mechanism of our body. The organ which
(c) teaching center
(d) home to popular dancers
regulates the temperature of our body is known as
hypothalamus and is situated in the brain. When
9. The word invariably in the passage denotes micro-organisms after entering the body release toxic
(a) the temporary nature products and these reach the brain through blood, the
(b) the unchanging nature hypothalamus starts increasing the temperature of the
(c) the domination body and the person gets fever.
(d) the usual
This fever is very useful for the human body because due
10. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of to the increase of temperature, the micro-organisms
‘serving’ as used in the passage. which are the root cause of the problem get killed. We are
(a) She’s got a beautiful slender figure. living in an environment which is full of bacteria. Many of
(b) A slender hope still flickered within him. these bacteria can produce serious diseases, but all of us
(c) These claims are based on slender evidence. do not suffer from such diseases. It is due to a special
(d) The builders have perched a light concrete dome
power present in our body to fight these diseases, known
on eight slender columns.
as innate immunity.
11. Which of the following words is the synonym of In a nutshell, we can say that since nature has provided
‘delicacy’ in paragraph 1? us with defence mechanism to fight against so many
(a) Mouth-watering (b) Weakness diseases, let us maintain it or rather increase it by way of
(c) Difficulty (d) Fineness
immunisation.
COMPREHENSION 13
1. One should have a nutritious balanced diet to ........ . 9. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of the
1. keep healthy word ‘abrasion’.
2. ensure that recommendations of a dietician are (a) The abrasion is slow and steady.
followed (b) Nutan had a small abrasion on her knee.
3. have essential items (c) Abrasions are for one and all.
(d) I like abrasion very much.
4. enjoy all tastes
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 10. The word .............. in para 6 means the same as
(c) Both 2 and 3 (d) Only 4 poisonous.
(a) serious (b) toxic
2. The defence mechanism of the human body ….… .
(c) immunity (d) regulates
(a) checks body deterioration
(b) ensures wear and tear of the body 11. The word ‘innate’ means ………… .
(c) saves us from depression (a) instinctive (b) intuitive
(d) protects us from diseases (c) inborn (d) acquired
3. The power of our body to fight against various
diseases producing agents is called ……… . Discursive Passages
(a) defence mechanism (b) health
(c) immunisation (d) fever Passage 6
4. Why should a cut or abrasion never be left open? These days, it is not unusual to see people listening to
1. It causes pain. music or using their electronic gadgets while crossing
2. It causes itching. busy roads or travelling on public transport, regardless of
3. Micro-organisms penetrate the body and can the risks involved. I have often wondered why they take
cause disease. such risks: is it because they want to exude a sense of
4. It grows deeper. independence, or is it that they want to tell the world to
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 stop bothering them? Or is it that they just want to show
(c) Only 3 (d) Only 4 how cool they are?
5. Reflex phenomenon includes ……… . Whether it is a workman or an executive, earphones have
(a) sneezing (b) coughing become an inseparable part of our lives, sometimes even
(c) vomiting (d) All of these leading to tragicomic situations. The other day, an
6. Which of the following statements is/are NOT electrician had come to our house to fix something. We
TRUE as per the passage. told him in detail what needed to be done. But after he
left, I found that the man had done almost nothing. It
1. Hypothalamus is situated in liver.
later turned out that he could not hear our directions
2. The power to fight the diseases is called innate
immunity.
clearly because he had his earphones on.
3. Fever is one of the most important constituents Hundreds of such earphones addicts commute by the
of our defence mechanism. Delhi Metro every day. While one should not begrudge
4. We should never increase our defence mechanism anyone their moments of privacy or their love for music,
by immunisation. the fact is ‘iPod oblivion’ can sometimes be very
(a) Both 1 and 4 (b) Both 2 and 3 dangerous. Recently, I was travelling with my wife on the
(c) Only 2 (d) Only 3 Delhi Metro.
7. Few automatic activities of our body are known as Since the train was approaching the terminus, there
……… . weren’t too many passengers. In our compartment, other
(a) immunity than us, there were only two women sitting on the
(b) defence mechanism other side of the aisle. And then suddenly, I spotted a
(c) reflex action duffel bag.
(d) balanced diet The bomb scare lasted for several minutes. Then
8. The word ‘balanced diet’ in para 2 means ……… . suddenly, a youth emerged from nowhere and picked up
(a) fair the bag. When we tried to stop him, he looked at us,
(b) equitable surprised. Then he took off his earpieces, lifted the bag,
(c) varied type of food having nutritious value and told us that the bag belonged to him and that he was
(d) stable going to get off at the next station.
We were stunned but recovered in time to ask him where 9. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of
he was all this while? His answer: he was in the ‘stunned’ as used in the passage.
compartment, leaning against the door, totally immersed (a) The animals are stunned before slaughter.
in the music. He had no clue about what was going on (b) The robber stunned the guard by banging him on
around him. When he got off, earplugs in his hand, we the head.
could hear strains of the song. (c) Many cinema-goers were stunned by the film’s
violent and tragic end.
1. The reason for people listening to music or using (d) The impact of the ball had stunned her.
their electronic gadgets while crossing busy roads
or travelling on public transport is that they ......... . 10. The word …… in the passage is an antonym of absorb.
(a) exude (b) bothering
(a) do not want to be disturbed
(c) commute (d) stunned
(b) want to show how fashionable they are
(c) want to show their independence 11. The synonym of ‘absorbed’ used in paragraph 4 is
(d) All of these ............ .
(a) recovered (b) immersed
2. Why had the electrician done nothing? (c) stunned (d) soaked
(a) Because he hadn’t heard them.
(b) Because he was listening to music. Passage 7
(c) Because he was not interested in the job. I was lucky, I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and
(d) Because he couldn’t understand what needed to be
I started Apple in my parent’s garage when I was 20. We
fixed.
worked hard and in 10 years Apple had grown into a $ 2
3. The electrician had ............ . billion company with over 4000 employees. We had just
(a) done his job released our finest creation - the Macintosh - a year earlier
(b) done almost nothing and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you
(c) fixed the defective appliance get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew,
(d) understood what was to be done
we hired someone, who I thought was very talented, to run
4. Which of the following correctly lists the tone with the company and for the first year or so things went well.
which the author had written the passage? But then eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our
1. Humorous 2. Sarcastic Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out.
3. Serious 4. Informative What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone
5. Resentful and it was devastating.
(a) 1 and 5 (b) 2 and 4 I really didn’t know what to do for a few months. I felt that I
(c) 3 and 5 (d) 1 and 4 had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down -
5. ‘iPod Oblivion’ can be defined as that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me.
(a) the popularity of music But something slowly began to dawn on me: I still loved
(b) the carelessness of people in metro what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed
(c) the carelessness of people while listening to music that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And
(d) the forgetfulness of people so I decided to start over.
6. The author says that we should not resent people I didn’t see it then, but it turned out that getting fired
............ . from Apple was the best thing that could have ever
happened to me. It freed me to enter one of the most
(a) indulging in their love for music
creative periods of my life. During the next 5 years, I
(b) wanting privacy
(c) Both (a) and (b)
started a company named NeXT and another company
(d) Neither (a) nor (b) named Pixar. Pixar went on to create the world’s first
computer Animated Feature Film, Toy Story, and is now
7. The bomb scare happened because the most successful animation studio in the world. In a
(a) it is was battered bag (b) no one came to claim it remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I
(c) it consisted of wires (d) it was suspicious looking returned to Apple and the technology we developed at
8. The passengers were stunned because ............ . NeXT is at the heart of Apple’s current renaissance.
(a) the youth was careless I’m pretty sure none of this would have happened if I
(b) the bag contained a bomb hadn’t been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting
(c) the youth had not been visible anywhere near the medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes
bag earlier life hits you in the head with a brick. Don’t lose faith. I’m
(d) None of the above convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that
I loved what I did. You’ve got to find what you love.
COMPREHENSION 15
1. What can be inferred from the line, “But something 9. What is the meaning of the Phrase ‘‘dropped the
slowly began to dawn on me”? baton”?
(a) He realised he still loved what he did. (a) Dropped the rod
(b) He realised he was a public failure. (b) Feeling of depression
(c) He realised that he had let down the other (c) Not sure of future
entrepreneurs. (d) Not living upto expectations
(d) He realised he wanted to return to Apple.
10. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of
2. Getting fired from Apple was ……… . ‘falling out’ as used in the passage.
(a) the worst thing that ever happened to the author (a) The passengers came falling out when the bus
(b) a planned decision went down the hill.
(c) helpful to make him successful again (b) After falling out with her husband, she started
(d) the best part of his life living downstairs.
(c) Many rocks and lava were falling out from the
3. Pixar is credited for
volcano.
1. being the first animation studio. (d) Did you see people falling out from the pedestal?
2. creating the world’s first computer animated
movie. 11. Which of the following words in the passage is the
3. being a bigger company than Apple. synonym of ‘innovative’?
(a) Talented (b) Creative
4. buying NeXT.
(c) Patient (d) Devastating
(a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 2
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 3 and 4
Passage 8
choose the option that lists the CORRECT Recently a particular brand of noodles was found to
sequence of the incidents in the passage. contain inadmissible levels of harmful substances in it.
But there is something else as important as the
1. The companies NeXT and Pixar were started.
controversy about harmful substances. It is that instant
2. Apple grew into a $2 billion company with over
noodles are not healthy for anybody, with or without lead
4000 employees.
and MSG. So we should have a simplified classification
3. The Macintosh was released.
system and scale for junk versus healthy food.
4. The company named Apple was started in the
narrator’s parents’ garage. Eating refined starch that is processed, dried and kept for
(a) 4, 1, 2, 3 (b) 1, 2, 3, 4 months with the help of chemical preservatives is unlikely
(c) 4, 3, 2, 1 (d) 1, 3, 2, 4 to be good for us. Its advertisements may be emotionally
moving, the brand ambassador highly credible and
5. What is the contribution of NeXT? the soupy noodles may taste good. But it is still not good
(a) It bought Apple. for you.
(b) It bought Pixar.
(c) It is the biggest software company. Of course, the noodles won’t kill you. Our diet today has
(d) The technology developed at NeXT is central to plenty of other unhealthy things as well. For instance,
Apple’s success. almost all Indian sweets are unhealthy, as are many of our
gravy ‘delicacies’.
6. What was the awful tasting medicine?
We have given up health benefits of food in favour of cost,
(a) Getting fired from Apple.
(b) Success of Pixar.
convenience or taste. Such compromises are acceptable
(c) Success of NeXT. only up to an extent. However, if done in excess, they can
(d) Apple’s purchase of NeXT. lead to major health problems such as obesity, heart
disease and diabetes.
7. What does this passage try to convey?
How does one limit unhealthy food then? The problem
(a) You should always do what you love.
comes when ‘junk’ is marketed as ‘healthy’. Our
(b) You should pursue a career which promises money.
advertising standards for food are extraordinarily lax.
(c) You should not fight with your employees.
Junk food manufacturers not only hide the nature of their
(d) None of the above
food, but also position their products as ‘healthy’
8. Which of the following words in the passage is an alternatives. Armed with advertisements of smiling
antonym of ‘ordinary’? mothers feeding bright-looking kids, we find junk being
(a) Extraordinary (b) Remarkable marketed as emotional nectar. Food, be it for
(c) Finest (d) Lucky nourishment or pleasure, has positive associations for us.
Any food is good and the kind of food doesn’t seem to 7. Why is it important to monitor our daily calories
matter. Perhaps this has developed from a time when intake?
India was poor and food was scarce. When we worked (a) Because physical labour has reduced.
twelve hours a day in the fields, we could eat and burn as (b) Because physical labour has increased.
many calories as we wanted. (c) Because it is good for health.
However, times have changed. Physical labour is (d) None of these
reducing and we don’t burn calories as easily. Hence, we 8. The word …… in para 2 is an antonym of ‘coarse’.
need to monitor our food intake carefully. If a big part of (a) processed (b) credible
our diet has to come from packaged food, we need to (c) refined (d) unlikely
understand and label it accordingly.
9. The word ‘delicacies’ in para 3 is closest in meaning
This will increase awareness about what we are eating to ………… .
and, over sometime, incentivise us as well as (a) delicate food (b) nutritious food items
manufacturers to move towards healthier foods. (c) costly foodstuffs (d) tasty foodstuffs
A healthy society will lead to lower healthcare costs,
10. Pick the correct meaning of the word ‘instant’ as
improved productivity at work and a better quality of life
used in the passage.
for citizens.
(a) Happening immediately.
1. Pick the statement that is TRUE as per the (b) An extremely short period of time.
passage. (c) A particular point in time.
(a) Instant noodles are not tasty. (d) Dried and can be prepared very quickly by adding
(b) All types of instant noodles are bad for health. hot water.
(c) Noodles are good for health. 11. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of the
(d) Instant noodles will slowly kill us. word ‘incentivise’.
2. The problem with advertisements of junk food is (a) I am glad to incentivise my friend Rohan.
that ……… . (b) He took the incentivise to make his dream come
1. they market junk food as healthy true.
(c) The employees were incentivised to push the sales
2. they are only half correct by the launch of the new rewards scheme.
3. they show smiling mothers (d) He incentivised a stone into a man.
4. they have misleading taglines
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
Passage 9
(c) Both 3 and 4 (d) Only 4
If you’re addicted to coffee and doctors warn you to quit
3. We have given up health benefits of food in favour the habit, don’t worry and keep relishing the beverage,
of ……… . because it’s not that bad after all! In fact, according to a
(a) cost (b) convenience new study, the steaming cup of java even beats fruits and
(c) taste (d) All of these
vegetables as the primary source of antioxidants. A study
4. Our attitude towards food has its roots in the time by the University of Scranton states that coffee is the
when India ……… . number one source of antioxidants in the American diet,
(a) was a golden bird and both caffeinated and decaf versions appear to provide
(b) was poor and food was scarce similar antioxidant levels.
(c) when agriculture was predominant “Americans get more of their antioxidants from coffee
(d) was a British colony than any other dietary source. Nothing else comes close
5. Consequences of a healthy society include …… . to it.”, said the study’s lead researcher, Dr Joe Vinson,
(a) lower healthcare costs adding that high antioxidant levels in food and beverages
(b) improved productivity at work don’t necessarily translate into levels found in the body.
(c) better quality of life Antioxidants in general have been linked to a number of
(d) All of these potential health benefits, including protection against
heart disease and cancer, but Vinson said that the
6. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
benefits ultimately depend on how they are absorbed and
(a) All junk food are unhealthy.
utilised in the body.
(b) All instant noodles are unhealthy.
(c) Only the junk food in our diet is unhealthy. The researchers analysed the antioxidant content of more
(d) We compromise with food for its taste or than 100 different food items, including vegetables, fruits,
convenience. nuts, spices, oils and common beverages.
COMPREHENSION 17
The data was compared to an existing US Department of 7. Potential Health benefits of coffee include
Agriculture database on the contribution of each type of Protection against ………… .
food item to the average estimated US per capita (a) liver and colon cancer (b) type 2 diabetes
consumption. The results were surprising. Coffee came (c) Parkinson’s disease (d) All of these
out on the top, on the combined basis of both antioxidants
8. Which of the following words in the first paragraph
per serving size and frequency of consumption. It
means the same as ‘enjoying’?
outranked popular antioxidant sources like tea, milk,
chocolate and cranberries. (a) Delighting (b) Steaming
(c) Relishing (d) Tasting
Of all the food and beverages studies, dates actually have
the most antioxidants of all based solely on serving size, but 9. Which of the following words in the second
since dates are not consumed at anywhere near the level of paragraph is the synonym of ‘associated’?
coffee, the drink comes as the top source of antioxidants, (a) Absorbed (b) Linked
Vinson said. Besides keeping you alert and awake, coffee (c) Joined (d) Utilised
has been linked to an increasing number of potential 10. Which word in the passage means ‘a molecule that
health benefits, including protection against liver and inhibits oxidation’?
colon cancer, type 2 diabetes and Parkinson’s disease, (a) protection (b) antioxidants
according to some recently published studies. (c) oxidants (d) beverages
The researchers, however, advised that one should
11. The word ‘possibilities’ means the same as the
consume coffee in moderation, because it can make you
word ……… given in the passage.
jittery and cause stomach pains.
(a) actually (b) linked
1. On what basis does coffee rank as the top source of (c) potential (d) frequency
antioxidants?
(a) Due to its consumption
(b) A study by the University of Scranton
Passage 10
(c) Because it is a primary source It is said that everyone lives by selling something. What
(d) Due to its potential health benefits you can understand by this statement is that teachers live
by selling knowledge, philosophers live by selling wisdom
2. Why have dates not made it the top of antioxidant
rich foods?
and priests earn their living by selling spiritual comfort.
Though it may be possible to measure the value of
(a) Due to their serving size
(b) Due to their low consumption
material goods in terms of money, it is extremely difficult
(c) Due to their low antioxidant level to estimate the true value of the services which people
(d) None of the above perform for us.
3. Potential health benefits of antioxidants include There are times when we would willingly give everything
……… . we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a
(a) protection against heart disease surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely the same
(b) protection against cancer service. The conditions of society are such that skills have
(c) Both (a) and (b) to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a
(d) Neither (a) nor (b) shop. Everyone has something to sell.
4. Benefits of antioxidants depend on …… . Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule.
(a) the quantity in which it is present Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse
(b) the way they are absorbed and utilised in the body the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars.
(c) Both (a) and (b) They have nothing to sell and require nothing from
(d) Neither (a) nor (b) others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice
their human dignity.
5. Other popular sources of antioxidants include ..… .
(a) tea (b) milk A tramp may ask you for money but he will never ask you
(c) chocolate (d) All of these to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead
the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences.
6. Why are dates not considered as the highest source He may never be sure where his next meal is coming
of antioxidants? from, but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which
(a) They are not consumed everywhere afflict other people. His few material possessions make it
(b) They are not consumed in a quantity anywhere possible for him to move from place to place with ease. By
near to coffee
having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world
(c) They are not readily available
of nature than most of us ever do.
(d) They have less amount of antioxidants than coffee
He may hunt, beg or steal occasionally to keep himself 9. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of
alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; ‘afflict’ as used in the passage.
but he will never sacrifice his freedom. (a) There are two main problems which afflict people
with hearing impairments.
We often speak with contempt for tramps and put them in
(b) They return to afflict the living, so they have to be
the same class as beggars. But how many of us can
sent packing.
honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their
(c) You shall not afflict any widow or fatherless child.
simple way of life and their freedom from any care in the (d) I wish you wouldn’t afflict me with your constant
world? complains.
1. Which of the following is difficult to judge? 10. Which word in paragraph 3 is the antonym of
(a) The actual value of services given by people ‘unconsciously’?
(b) The actual value of material goods (a) Purposefully (b) Occasionally
(c) Both (a) and (b) (c) Deliberately (d) Specifically
(d) Neither (a) nor (b)
11. Which word in passage means same as ‘feel
2. Which of the following are not selling services? aggrieved about’ ?
(a) A surgeon (b) A teacher (a) Anxieties (b) Grude
(c) A priest (d) None of these (c) Spiritual (d) Envious
3. According to the passage, which of the following
correctly lists the qualities of a tramp? Literary Passages
1. Anxious 2. Tranquil
3. Independent 4. Traveler Passage 11
5. Beggarly
Travel is a bug that was in me when I was born, probably
(a) 1 and 5 (b) 2 and 3
inherited from my father. In 24 years of travelling widely
(c) 1,3,4 (d) 2,3,4
through India, I have been most fascinated by those little
4. How is a beggar different from a tramp? islands that dot the Bay of Bengal off the East Coast of
(a) A beggar sell but tramps don’t. India. Yes, I am talking about the Andaman Islands.
(b) Beggars do not travel but tramps are always on the Andamans somehow seemed almost sinister, with images
move. of being haunted, bleak and scary, until my parents
(c) Beggars don’t know when they will eat their
actually returned from a trip to Port Blair and told us
next meal but tramps find a means to earn their
meals. about these serene islands.
(d) All of the above We immediately awaited the first opportunity to take a
break and check them out. Finally, the D-Day came and
5. What is the advantage of being a tramp?
we were all ready. We boarded the aircraft and, to our
(a) You sacrifice your dignity.
surprise, found that there were several empty seats. On
(b) You are free from the worries which burden
enquiry, we learnt that all supplies to the Andamans
normal persons.
(c) You are not sure where your next meal will be found. including newspapers and meat go from the mainland,
(d) All of the above and so there is always more cargo and less people.
Port Blair airport is a small, old airport that was
6. What will a tramp never give up?
constructed in 1947. On my way to the hotel, I noticed
(a) His unemployment (b) His possessions that there are none of the usual auto-rickshaws that
(c) His dignity (d) His worries
noisily wend their way through most Indian towns. There
7. Why will a tramp not want you to feel sorry for was only one traffic signal in the entire town and the
him? roads were more up and down than level. This was all
(a) It will cost him his dignity. surprising for a person like me who has lived in the
(b) He had made this choice. coastal towns of Chennai and Mumbai.
(c) He wants to be self-sufficient.
The colour of the sea was an unpolluted blue, a colour
(d) He wants to be free from worldly boundations.
that I had not seen in any of the beaches in India. It was
8. Which of the following words is the synonym of calm and beautiful. I was thrilled with the fact that we
‘estimate’ in paragraph 1? were going to spend 10 entire days there. All we had to do
(a) Calculate (b) Evaluation was sit in the open restaurant, look at the sea, enjoy the
(c) Appraisal (d) Determine cool breeze and feel good.
COMPREHENSION 19
The Andaman Islands are a group of several islands, so 8. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of the
most of our sightseeing was by boats. There are a total of word ‘boarded’ as used in the passage.
more than 356 islands there. Even the oldest boatman, (a) I was the last to board the tourist bus.
Rathnam, had seen only 200 of them. I figured that 10 (b) I felt board when I went to Denmark.
days was surely not enough to get a full picture of this (c) Einstein was boared in his school classes.
place, so I started to store every sight, every sound and (d) Did you took my board today?
every smell. The sound and light show at the jail sent a
shiver down my spine. (This trip was before the movie 9. Which of the following words in the passage is the
‘Kalapani’ was released). The realisation that those who antonym of ‘contaminated’?
fought for our independence had lived, struggled, (a) Unpolluted (b) Adulterated
suffered and even died here, left an impact. (c) Cleaned (d) Unspoiled
1. One thing that left a major impact on the author 10. What is the meaning of the phrase ‘sent a shiver
was ………… . down my spine’?
(a) Feel very frightened (b) Feel very excited
(a) the serenity of the place
(c) Feel very relaxed (d) None of these
(b) the wholesome experience
(c) vastness of the islands 11. The synonym of ‘sinister’ in the first paragraph is
(d) the realisation that freedom fighters had lived, ………… .
struggled and died there. (a) threatening (b) left side
2. Pick the option that is NOT TRUE as per the (c) benign (d) good
passage.
1. The narrator liked travelling. Passage 12
2. There were no empty seats in the aircraft. A poor farmer lived with his wife and son in a small
3. The Port Blair Airport is small. village. One day, exhausted by the heat, he lay down
4. The Andaman Islands are a group of Islands. under the shadow of a tree to take a nap. All of a sudden
(a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 2 he saw a giant cobra crawling out of an ant hill. The
(c) 3 and 4 (d) Only 4 farmer thought to himself, “Surely this snake must be a
deity guarding my field. So far I have not noticed it and
3. What was the author’s initial impression about the
that is why all my farming is in vain. Let me pay my
Andaman Islands?
respects to it now and worship it thereafter.”
(a) They were beautiful and serene.
(b) They were uninhabitable. He then made up his mind, brought some milk in a bowl
(c) They were sinister, haunted and scary. and placed it before the ant hill. He said aloud, “O lord
(d) They were difficult to explore. guardian of my field! I did not know you dwell here.
Please forgive me for not paying respects to you.”
4. The airport at Port Blair was built in ………… .
(a) 1947 (b) 1847 He left the milk bowl there and went back to his house.
(c) 1948 (d) 1940 The next morning, he was surprised to see a gold coin in
the bowl. Since then the farmer placed a bowl of milk
5. Where are Andaman Islands located? every day and got back a gold coin the next morning. Soon
(a) In the Arabian Sea (b) In the Bay of Bengal the farmer became rich and happy.
(c) In the Indian Ocean (d) In the Atlantic Ocean
One day the farmer had to go to a nearby city for a few
6. How many islands constitute Andaman Islands? days and so he directed his son to place the milk bowl
(a) 200 (b) More than 356 near the ant hill every day. The son kept the milk bowl
(c) 350 (d) Less than 356 and left, only to find a gold coin the next day. He then
7. What is the historical significance of Andaman thought to himself, “This ant hill must be full of gold
Islands? coins: I‘ll kill the serpent and take all of them.”
1. They were centre of trade and commerce. The next day, while placing the bowl of milk, the farmer’s
2. They have the maximum number of tribal son struck the snake with a club. But the serpent escaped
population. and bit him with its sharp fangs instead. He was dead at
3. They were used as centre for scientific research. once. When the farmer returned, he learnt about his son’s
fate and grieved. The next morning, he took the bowl of
4. They had the infamous Kalapani jail where
freedom fighters were imprisoned by the British. milk and went to the ant hill.
(a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2 The snake came out and said, “Your greed made you
(c) 3 and 4 (d) Only 4 overlook even the loss of your son. Your son struck me in
ignorance and I had bitten him to death. I cannot forget 8. The word ‘deity’ in para 1 means ………… .
the blow on my head and you cannot forget the loss of (a) guard (b) sentry
your son. Hereafter, the friendship between us is not (c) divine being (d) idol
possible.” The snake gave a costly coin and disappeared.
9. The word ‘exhausted’ in para 1 is an antonym of
The farmer returned home cursing the foolishness of his
………… .
son.
(a) started (b) finished
1. Based on your understanding of the passage, (c) fresh (d) invigorated
choose the option that list the CORRECT sequence 10. The word ………… in para 4 means the same as
of the occurrence of incedents in the passage. ‘instructed’.
1. The farmer brought some milk in a bowl. (a) ordered (b) directed
2. A giant cobra was seen by the farmer. (c) commanded (d) kept
3. The farmer’s son placed a bowl of milk near the
ant hill.
11. Pick the option that CORRECTLY lists the final
feelings of the farmer.
4. The snake was struck with a club.
1. Annoyance 2. Contentment
(a) 2, 4, 1, 3 (b) 2, 1, 3, 4
3. Repentance 4. Joy
(c) 1, 2, 3, 4 (d) 4, 3, 2, 1
5. Empathy
2. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of the (a) 2 and 4 (b) 1 and 4
word ‘directed’ as used in the passage. (c) 1 and 5 (d) 1 and 3
(a) The administrator has direct access to all the files
on every computer.
(b) One’s educational level has a direct effect on one’s
Passage 13
income. “Did you see that?” Joe said to his friend Bill.
(c) Which is the most direct route to Chandni Chowk? “You’re a great shooter!”
(d) The Principal directed the teachers to make online
videos for their students. Bill caught the basketball and bounced it before throwing
it again. The ball flew into the net.
3. What did the farmer do to worship the cobra? “Bill, you never miss!” Joe said admiringly.
(a) Built a temple
“Unless I’m in a real game,” Bill complained.
(b) Performed a puja
(c) Put a bowl of milk “Then I miss all the time.”
(d) Erected an idol of the cobra Joe knew that Bill was right. Bill performed much better
when he was having fun with Joe in the school yard than
4. What did the cobra give in return of the milk? he did when he was playing for the school team in front of
(a) A gold coin (b) A gold chain a large crowd.
(c) A gold ring (d) A gold axe
“Maybe you just need to practice more,” Joe suggested.
5. What did the farmer’s son thought on seeing the “But I practice all the time with you!” Bill objected.
gold coin?
He shook his head. “I just can’t play well when people are
(a) Someone else must be keeping the coin. watching me.”
(b) The ant hill must be full of gold.
“You play well when I’m watching,” Joe pointed out.
(c) The cobra is not friendly.
(d) None of the above “That’s because I’ve known you since we were five years
old,” Bill said with a smile.
6. What did he do to get all the gold? Joe nodded and understood, but he also had an idea. The
(a) He requested the cobra to give him all the gold. next day Joe and Bill met in the school yard again to
(b) He stole all the gold from the ant hill.
practice. After a few minutes, Joe excused himself.
(c) He tried to kill the cobra.
“Practice without me,” Joe said to his friend. “I’ll be back
in a minute.”
7. What message does this passage convey? Joe hastened through the school building, gathering
1. Greed never pays. together whomever he could find—two students, a math
2. You should never befriend a cobra. teacher, two secretaries, and a janitor. When Joe
3. Humans and animals cannot be friends. explained why he needed them, everyone was happy to
4. We should worship cobras. help. Joe reminded the group to stay quiet as they all went
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 toward the school’s basketball court. As Joe had hoped,
(c) Only 3 (d) Only 4 Bill was still practicing basketball. He made five baskets in
a row without noticing the people standing behind him.
COMPREHENSION 21
“Hey, Bill!” Joe called out finally. Bill turned. A look of 9. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of
surprise came over his face. ‘objected’ as used in the passage.
“I just wanted to show you that you could play well with (a) He stood up and objected in strong language.
people watching you,” Joe said. “Now you’ll have nothing (b) The director objected to the cuts ordered by the censor.
to worry about for the next game!” (c) She objected to this invasion of her personal space.
1. What would be the best title for the literary
passage? 10. The word ………… in the given extract can be
replaced by hurried.
(a) Bill Joins the Team
(b) Practice Makes Perfect (a) Hastened (b) Excused
(c) Bill Wins the Big Game (c) Bounced (d) Pointed
(d) Bill’s Basketball Problem 11. In what situation, bill can’t play well?
2. What problem does Bill highlight about his (a) When its raining
basketball skills? (b) When many people are watching him
(c) When he has stomach ache.
(a) He plays better in practice than he does during games.
(d) When some one cheats
(b) The school yard is not a good place to practice.
(c) Joe watches him too closely when he plays.
(d) His team loses too many games because of him.
Passage 14
Archimedes with his lever desired a place to stand that he
3. Which of the following characteristics can you might move the world of matter. [William Lloyd] Garrison
associate with Joe? with his paper, having found a place for his feet,
1. Kind 2. Confused demonstrated speedily his ability to push from its solid
3. Encouraging 4. Friendly base the world of mind. His plan was very simple, viz., to
5. Intelligent 6. Knowledgeable reveal slavery as it then existed in its naked enormity, to
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 6 the conscience of the North, to be “as harsh as truth and
(c) 4 and 5 (d) Both (a) and (c) as uncompromising as justice.” And so, week after week,
4. Why does Bill play well when Joe is watching him? he packed in the columns of the Liberator facts, the most
(a) He is comfortable with Joe. damning facts, against slaveholders, their cruelty and
(b) Joe tells him how to play better. tyranny. He painted the woes of the slaves as if he, too,
(c) He does not know that Joe is there. had been a slave. For the first time the masters found a
(d) He wants to prove to Joe that he is a good player. man who rebuked them as not before had they been
rebuked. Others may have equivocated, but this man
5. Why does Joe decide to gather a group of people? called things by their proper names, a spade, a spade, and
(a) Because he wants more players for his team.
sin, sin. Others may have contented themselves with
(b) Because he wants to help Bill feel less nervous.
denunciations of the sins and with excuses for the sinner,
(c) Because he wants to show them his talent.
as a creature of circumstances, the victim of ancestral
(d) Because he wants more people to see the next game.
transgressions, but this man offered no excuses for the
6. At the end of the story, all of the following people slave-holding sinner. Him and his sin he denounced in
watch Bill practice EXCEPT language, which the Eternal puts only into the mouths of
(a) Administrative staff His prophets.
(b) a janitor
It was, as he had said, “On this subject I do not wish to
(c) a math teacher
think, or speak, or write, with moderation.” The strength
(d) the basketball coach
and resources of his mother-tongue seemed to him wholly
7. Why does the group have to be quiet when they go inadequate for his needs, to express the transcendent
to the basketball court? wickedness of slave-holding. All the harsh, the stern, the
(a) Because Joe is telling Bill what to do. terrible and tremendous energies of the English speech
(b) Because they do not want Bill to know they were he drew upon, and launched at slaveholders. Amid all of
there. this excess of the enthusiast there was the method of a
(c) Because Bill likes to practice alone. calculating mind. He aimed to kindle a conflagration
(d) Because the group needs to listen to Joe’s because he had icebergs to melt. “The public shall not be
instructions.
imposed upon,” he replied to one of his critics, “and men
8. Which of the following words can replace the word and things shall be called by their right names. I retract
‘complained’ as used in the passage? nothing, I blot out nothing. My language is exactly such as
(a) Resented (b) Cribbed suits me; it will displease many, I know; to displease them
(c) Lamented (d) Protested is my intention.”
He was philosopher enough to see that he could reach the 5. Garrison said that slaveholders were all of the
national conscience only by exciting the national anger. It following EXCEPT:
was not popular rage, which he feared but popular apathy. (a) generous (b) robbers
If he could goad the people to anger on the subject of (c) murderers (d) Oppressors
slavery he would soon be rid of their apathy. And so week
6. Which of the following can be inferred from the
after week he piled every sort of combustible material,
sentence?
which he was able to collect on board the Liberator and
(a) Garrison thought that only the South was
lighting it all, sent the fiery messenger blazing among the
responsible for slavery.
icebergs of the Union. (b) Garrison wanted slaves to rise up on their own and
Slaveholders were robbers, murderers, oppressors; they didn’t think they needed any help.
were guilty of all the sins. At the same moment that the (c) Garrison felt that people in the North were
reformer denied their right of property in the slave, he partially responsible because they were indifferent
attacked their character also, held them up in their to the plight of the slaves.
relation of masters to the reprobation of the nation and of (d) Garrison hated all white people.
mankind as monsters of injustice and inhumanity. The 7. What can be said about the works of Garrison?
tone which he held toward them, steadily, without (a) He writes scathing satires insulting the
shadow of change, was the tone of a righteous man slave-owners.
toward the workers of iniquity. The indifference, the (b) He writes as if he too had been a slave.
apathy, the pro-slavery sympathy and prejudice of the free (c) His works show deep hatred for humankind.
States rendered the people of the North hardly less (d) He writes for the independence of his nation.
culpable.
8. The word “conflagration” is closest in meaning to
1. According to the following sentence, what made (a) fire (b) shipwreck
William Lloyd Garrison different from other (c) mess (d) waterfall
abolitionists?
9. The phrase “aimed to kindle” is most similar to:
(a) He went onto Southern plantations and freed
slaves. (a) did not want to (b) worked against
(b) He worked in Congress to pass abolitionist (c) sat nearby (d) wanted to start
legislation. 10. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of
(c) He didn’t make any excuses in his writings and ‘goad’ as used in the passage.
exposed the truth. (a) “I want somebody very goad, very safe , to plant
(d) He operated an underground railroad to help that gun, “ he told Clemenza.
slaves escape to the North. (b) The thought of exams next week is a great goad to
2. According to the passage, why was Garrison’s the students to work hard.
language so strong? (c) His opposition acted as a goad to her
(a) He had been a slave himself and wrote from determination to succeed.
experience. (d) All of the above
(b) He saw himself as a sort of Prophet and his 11. Which word in the passage is an antonym of
language was given to him by God. ‘wonderful’?
(c) He feared having the people being angry with him. (a) Stern (b) Tremendous
(d) He felt like he was the only person talking about (c) Terrible (d) None of these
this topic.
3. All of the following statements are true about Passage 15
Garrison’s intentions EXCEPT :
Among the vast number of men who have thought fit to
(a) He hoped that people would ignore his writings
and keep owning slaves write down the history of their own lives, three or four
(b) He wanted to provoke the national anger have achieved masterpieces which stand out
(c) He attacked the character of the slave-owners, preeminently: Saint Augustine in his Confessions,
showing them to be monsters Samuel Pepys in his Diary, Rousseau in his Confessions.
(d) He wanted people to react so that they wouldn’t be It is among these extraordinary documents, and
apathetic any more unsurpassed by any of them, that the autobiography of
Benvenuto Cellini takes its place.
4. Based on the context clues in the passage, what
was the Liberator? The life of himself which Cellini wrote was due to other
(a) A novel (b) A movie motives than those which produced its chief competitors
(c) A train (d) A pamphlet for first place in its class.
COMPREHENSION 23
St. Augustines aim was religious and didactic, Pepys he had little idea that centuries after his death he would
noted down in his diary the daily events of his life for his live again, less by his statue of Perseus and his goldsmiths
sole satisfaction and with no intention that any one work than by the book which he dictated casually to a lad
should read the cipher in which they were recorded. But of fourteen, while he went about his work.
Cellini wrote that the world might know, after he was The autobiography was composed between 1558 and
dead, what a fellow he had been; what great things he had 1566, but it brings the record down only to 1562. The
attempted, and against what odds he had carried them remainder of Cellini’s life seems to have been somewhat
through. All men, he held, whatever be their condition, more peaceful. He died at Florence, May 13, 1571, and
who have done anything of merit, or which verily has a was buried in The Church of the Annunziata in that city.
semblance of merit, if so be they are men of truth and
good repute, should write the tale of their life with their 1. In the given passage, the author talks about
own hand. That he had done many things of merit, he (a) Cellini’s life
(b) Cellini’s competitors
had no manner of doubt. His repute was great in his day,
(c) Cellini’s autobiography
and perhaps good in the sense in which he meant
(d) Cellini’s literary works
goodness; as to whether he was a man of truth, there is
still dispute among scholars. 2. What CANNOT be inferred from this passage?
(a) Most of Cellini’s life was peaceful.
Of some misrepresentations, some suppressions of
(b) Cellini’s autobiography is not entirely truthful in
damaging facts, there seems to be evidence only too all respects.
good-a man with Cellini’s passion for proving himself in (c) Cellini was well-known during his day.
the right could hardly have avoided being guilty of such; (d) Cellini’s autobiography is full of self-love.
but of the general trustworthiness of his record, of the
kind of man he was and the kind of life he led, there is no 3. Which of the following lists the characteristics that
can be associated with Cellini?
reasonable doubt.
1. Narcissist 2. Courageous
The period covered by the autobiography is from Cellini’s 3. Criminal 4. Artistic
birth in 1500 to 1562; the scene is mainly in Italy and 5. Exploitative
France. Of the great events of the time, the time of the (a) 1 and 2 (b) 3 and 4
Reformation and the Counter-Reformation, of the strife (c) 4 and 5 (d) All of these
of Pope and Emperor and King, we get only glimpses. The
leaders in these events appear in the foreground of the 4. As described by the author, what is NOT true
about Cellini’s autobiography?
picture only when they come into personal relations with
(a) It focuses on the political events of the time.
the hero; and then not mainly as statesmen or warriors,
(b) It is one of the perfect example of a biography.
but as connoisseurs and patrons of art. Such an event as
(c) It gives the reader insight into the artistic and
the Sack of Rome is described because Benvenuto himself social life of the 16th century.
fought in it. (d) It tells us about Cellini’s exploits and achievements.
Much more complete is the view he gives of the artistic
5. Why does the author mention St. Augustine and Pepys?
life of the time. It was the age of Michelangelo, and in the
(a) They were Cellini’s competitors.
throng of great artists which then filled the Italian cities,
(b) They lived at the same time as Cellini.
Cellini was no inconsiderable figure. Michelangelo
(c) He compares their autobiographies to Cellini’s.
himself he knew and adored. Nowhere can we gain a (d) He compares their works to the works of Cellini.
better idea than in this book of the passionate enthusiasm
for the creation of beauty which has bestowed upon the 6. What was Cellini’s motive in writing his
Italy of the Renaissance its greatest glory. autobiography?
(a) to let other know what great things he had
Very vivid, too, is the impression we receive of the social accomplished
life of the sixteenth century; of its violence, of its zeal for (b) to teach his sculpture techniques
fine craftsmanship, of its abounding vitality, its versatility (c) to reach the optimum level of his own satisfaction
and its idealism. For Cellini himself is an epitome of that (d) to posit himself as a good man.
century. This man who tells here the story of his life was a 7. According to Cellini who should write
murderer - insolent, sensual, inordinately proud and autobiographies?
passionate; but he was also a worker in gold and silver, (a) Great men who can act as an inspiration.
rejoicing in delicate and subtle modelling of precious (b) Great men who had accomplished great things.
surfaces; a sculptor and a musician; and, as all who read (c) Great men who need to be remembered by the
his book must testify, a great master of narrative. Keen as future generations.
was Benvenutos interest in himself, and much as he loved (d) Great men who want to remind the world of their
to dwell on the splendor of his exploits and achievements, goodness.
8. What do the words “these extraordinary Plato believed that talent and intelligence is not
documents” refer to? distributed genetically and thus is be found in children
(a) Historical books born to all classes, although his proposed system of
(b) the autobiographies of St. Augustine, Pepys, and selective public education for an educated minority of the
Rousseau population does not really follow a democratic model.
(c) Cellini’s autobiographies Aristotle considered human nature, habit and reason to
(d) All biographies be equally important forces to be cultivated in education,
9. What is the meaning of the words “unsurpassed the ultimate aim of which should be to produce good and
by” as used in the passage? virtuous citizens. He proposed that teachers lead their
(a) better than (b) cannot be compared to students systematically, and that repetition be used as a
(c) equal to (d) unable to cross key tool to develop good habits, unlike Socrates emphasis
on questioning his listeners to bring out their own ideas.
10. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of
He emphasized the balancing of the theoretical and
‘repute’ as used in the passage.
practical aspects of subjects taught, among which he
(a) His Wessex - wide repute was among them alone.
(b) This repute seemed to give the new managers the
explicitly mentions reading, writing, mathematics, music,
confidence to approach their bosses as resources. physical education, literature, history, and a wide range of
(c) A mountaineer of repute, whether local or not, is sciences, as well as play, which he also considered
conspicuous by his or her absence. important.
(d) Are you acquainted if only by repute with a Mr. During the Medieval period, the idea of Perennialism was
Landor who is a poet? first formulated by St. Thomas Aquinas in his work “De
11. Which word in the passage is synonym of ‘slight’? Magistro”. Perennialism holds that one should teach
(a) Inconsiderable (b) Versatility those things deemed to be of everlasting importance to all
(c) Vivid (d) Suppressions people everywhere, namely principles and reasoning, not
just facts (which are apt to change over time), and that
one should teach first about people, not machines or
Narrative Passages techniques. It was originally religious in nature, and it
was only much later that a theory of secular perennialism
Passage 16 developed.
Philosophy of Education is a label applied to the study of During the Renaissance, the French skeptic Michel de
the purpose, process, nature and ideals of education. It Montaigne (1533-1592) was one of the first to critically
can be considered a branch of both philosophy and look at education. Unusually for his time, Montaigne was
education. Education can be defined as the teaching and willing to question the conventional wisdom of the period,
learning of specific skills, and the imparting of knowledge, calling into question the whole edifice of the educational
judgment and wisdom, and is something broader than the system, and the implicit assumption that
societal institution of education we often speak of. university-educated philosophers were necessarily wiser
Many educationalists consider it a weak and woolly field, than uneducated farm workers, for example.
too far removed from the practical applications of the real 1. What is the difference between the approaches of
world to be useful. But philosophers dating back to Plato Socrates and Aristotle?
and the Ancient Greeks have given the area much (a) Aristotle felt the need for repetition to develop
thought and emphasis, and there is little doubt that their good habits in students; Socrates felt that students
work has helped shape the practice of education over the need to be constantly questioned
millennia. (b) Aristotle felt the need for rote-learning; Socrates
emphasized on dialogic learning
Plato is the earliest important educational thinker, and
(c) There was no difference
education is an essential element in “The Republic” (his (d) Aristotle emphasised on the importance of paying
most important work on philosophy and political theory, attention to human nature; Socrates emphasized
written around 360 B.C.). In it, he advocates some rather upon science
extreme methods: removing children from their mothers
care and raising them as wards of the state, and 2. Why do educationists consider philosophy a ‘weak
differentiating children suitable to the various castes, the and woolly’ field?
highest receiving the most education, so that they could (a) It is not practically applicable
(b) Its theoretical concepts are easily understood
act as guardians of the city and care for the less able. He
(c) It is irrelevant for education
believed that education should be holistic, including
facts, skills, physical discipline, music and art.
COMPREHENSION 25
3. What do you understand by the term ‘Perennialism’, 2. What pushes King to speak: “I have a dream”?
in the context of the given comprehension passage? (a) He reads out the Emancipation Proclamation
(a) It refers to something which is of ceaseless importance (b) He is prompted by Mahalia Jackson
(b) It refers to something which is quite unnecessary (c) He is overwhelmed by the crowd
(c) It refers to something which is abstract and (d) Licoln had asked him to give the speech
theoretical
(d) It refers to something which existed in the past 3. From the last paragraph, give one word for “to
and no longer exists now leave”
(a) Departed (b) Proclamation
4. Were Plato’s beliefs about education democratic? (c) Improvised (d) Address
(a) He believed that only the rich have the right to
acquire education 4. What is the name of Martin Luther King’s famed
(b) Yes speech?
(c) He believed that only a select few are meant to (a) The Emancipation Proclamation
attend schools (b) An Improvisation
(d) He believed that all pupils are not talented (c) A Peroration
(d) I Have a Dream
5. Why did Aquinas propose a model of education
which did not lay much emphasis on facts? 5. In front of whom does King speak?
(a) Facts are not important (a) The civil rights supporters
(b) Facts do not lead to holistic education (b) His friends
(c) Facts change with the changing times (c) Lincoln
(d) Facts are frozen in time (d) The Negroes
Passage 17 Passage 18
“I Have a Dream” is a public speech delivered by Today I Rabindranath Tagore complete eighty years of my
American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. life .As I look back on the vast stretch of years that lie
during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom behind me and see in clear perspective the history of my
on August 28, 1963, in which he calls for an end to racism early development, I am struck by the change that has
in the United States and called for civil and economic taken place both in my own attitude and in the psychology
rights. Delivered to over 250,000 civil rights supporters of my countrymen– a change that carries within it a cause
from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, of profound tragedy.
D.C., the speech was a defining moment of the civil rights Our direct contact with the larger world of men was
movement. linked up with the contemporary history of the English
Beginning with a reference to the Emancipation people whom we came to know in those earlier days. It
Proclamation, which freed millions of slaves in 1863, King was mainly through their mighty literature that we
observes that: “one hundred years later, the Negro still is formed our ideas with regard to these newcomers to our
not free”. Toward the end of the speech, King departed Indian shores. In those days the type of learning that was
from his prepared text for a partly improvised peroration served out to us was neither plentiful nor diverse, nor was
on the theme “I have a dream”, prompted by Mahalia the spirit of scientific enquiry very much in evidence.
Jackson’s cry: “Tell them about the dream, Martin!”. In Thus their scope being strictly limited, the educated of
this part of the speech, which most excited the listeners those days had recourse to English language and
and has now become its most famous, King described his literature.
dreams of freedom and equality arising from a land of Their days and nights were eloquent with the stately
slavery and hatred. Jon Meacham writes that, “With a declamations of Burke, with Macaulay’s long-rolling
single phrase, Martin Luther King Jr. joined Jefferson and sentences; discussions centered upon Shakespeare's
Lincoln in the ranks of men who’ve shaped modern drama and Byron’s poetry and above all upon the
America”. The speech was ranked the top American large-hearted liberalism of the nineteenth-century English
speech of the 20th century in a 1999 poll of scholars of politics.
public address. At the time though tentative attempts were being made to
gain our national independence, at heart we had not lost
1. What issues does Martin Luther King’s speech address?
faith in the generosity of the English race. This belief was
(a) Continuation of racism
so firmly rooted in the sentiments of our leaders as to lead
(b) End to racism and civil and economic rights
(c) Civil rights
them to hope that the victor would of his own grace pave
(d) Civil War the path of freedom for the vanquished.
This belief was based upon the fact that England at the The four elements of sportsmanship are often shown
time provided a shelter to all those who had to flee from being good form, the will to win, equity and fairness. All
persecution in their own country. Political martyrs who four elements are critical and a balance must be found
had suffered for the honour of their people were accorded among all four for true sportsmanship to be illustrated.
unreserved welcome at the hands of the English. These elements may also cause conflict, as a person may
I was impressed by this evidence of liberal humanity in desire to win more than play in equity and fairness and
the character of the English and thus I was led to set thus resulting in a clash within the aspects of
them on the pedestal of my highest respect. This sportsmanship.
generosity in their national character had not yet been This will cause problems as the person believes they are
vitiated by imperialist pride. About this time, as a boy in being a good sportsman, but they are defeating the
England, I had the opportunity of listening to the purpose of this idea as they are ignoring two key
speeches of John Bright, both in and outside Parliament. components of being sportsman like. When athletes
The large-hearted, radical liberalism of those speeches, become too self-centered, the idea of sportsmanship is
overflowing all narrow national bounds, had made so dismissed.
deep an impression on my mind that something of it
Today’s sporting culture, in particular the base of elite
lingers even today, even in these days of graceless
sport, places great importance on the idea of competition
disillusionment.
and winning and thus sportsmanship takes a back seat as
1. From the first paragraph, give a synonym for a result.In most, if not all sports, sportsmen at the elite
‘deep’: level make the standards on sportsmanship and no matter
(a) Perspective (b) Profound whether they like it or not, they are seen as leaders and
(c) Tragedy (d) Psychology role models in society.
2. What helped the Indians to conceive of a notion of Since every sport is rule driven, the most common
the Englishmen? offence of bad sportsmanship is the act of cheating or
(a) Their advanced weaponry breaking the rules to gain an unfair advantage. A
(b) Their literature competitor who exhibits poor sportsmanship after losing a
(c) Their orders game or contest is often called a “sore loser”, while a
(d) Their administration competitor who exhibits poor sportsmanship after
3. Who could read and gain from English literature? winning is typically called a “bad winner”. Sore loser
(a) The educated Indians behavior includes blaming others for the loss, not
(b) All the Indians accepting responsibility for personal actions that
(c) Only writers such as Rabindranath Tagore contributed to the defeat, reacting to the loss in an
(d) None of the above immature or improper fashion, making excuses for the
4. From the third paragraph, give an antonym for defeat, and citing unfavourable conditions or other petty
‘victorious’ issues as reasons for the defeat.
(a) Victor (b) Vanquished A bad winner acts in a shallow fashion after his or her
(c) Belief (d) Persecution victory, such as by gloating about his or her win, rubbing
the win in the face(s) of the opponent(s), and lowering
5. Whose speeches did Tagore listen to, as a boy?
the opponent(s)’s self-esteem by constantly reminding
(a) Shakespeare (b) Byron
(c) John Bright (d) Macaulay the opponent(s) of “poor” performance in comparison
(even if the opponent(s) competed well).
Passage 19 Not showing respect to the other team is considered to
being a bad sportsman and could lead to demoralizing
Sportsmanship can be conceptualised as an enduring and effects; as Leslie Howe describes: If a pitcher in baseball
relatively stable characteristic or disposition such that decides to pitch not to his maximum ability suggest that
individuals differ in the way they are generally expected to
the batter is not at an adequate level, [it] could lead to the
behave in sports situations. In general, sportsmanship
batter to have low self-confidence or worth.
refers to virtues such as fairness, self-control, courage,
and persistence, and has been associated with 1. It is necessary to strike a balance between all the
interpersonal concepts of treating others and being four elements of sportsmanship?
treated fairly, maintaining self-control if dealing with (a) No
others, and respect for both authority and opponents. (b) Yes
Sportsmanship is also looked at as being the way one (c) Any 2 can be balanced
reacts to a sport/game/player. (d) Only 1 is sufficient
COMPREHENSION 27
2. Why has sportsmanship taken a backseat today? For most of its history, AI research has been divided into
(a) Due to lack of balance between the elements subfields that often fail to communicate with each other.
(b) Due to the emphasis on winning These sub-fields are based on technical considerations,
(c) Due to drug abuse such as particular goals (e.g. “robotics” or “machine
(d) None of the above learning”), the use of particular tools (“logic” or artificial
neural networks), or deep philosophical differences.
3. If one does not accept responsibility for one’s
Subfields have also been based on social factors
defeat, one is called a:
(particular institutions or the work of particular
(a) Sore loser
researchers).
(b) Bad winner
(c) Good sportsman The traditional problems (or goals) of AI research include
(d) Prudent sportsman reasoning, knowledge representation, planning, learning,
natural language processing, perception and the ability to
4. From the last paragraph, give the opposite of the
move and manipulate objects. General intelligence is
word ‘deep’:
among the field's long-term goals. Approaches include
(a) Competitor (b) Pitch
(c) Immature (d) Shallow
statistical methods, computational intelligence, and
traditional symbolic AI.
5. When does the spirit of sportsmanship die?
Many tools are used in AI, including versions of search
(a) When the sportsman becomes too self-centered
and mathematical optimization, artificial neural
(b) When the player loses the will to play
networks, and methods based on statistics, probability
(c) When the sportsman behaves badly
and economics. The AI field draws upon computer
science, mathematics, psychology, linguistics, philosophy
and many others.
Passage 20
Artificial Intelligence (AI), sometimes called machine 1. What is the AI winter?
intelligence, is intelligence demonstrated by machines, in (a) Loss of funding for AI projects
(b) Non-functioning AI systems
contrast to the natural intelligence displayed by humans
(c) Absence of research labs
and other animals. In computer science AI research is
defined as the study of “intelligent agents”: any device
that perceives its environment and takes actions that 2. Are sub-fields based only on social factors?
maximize its chance of successfully achieving its goals. (a) No
Colloquially, the term “artificial intelligence” is applied (b) Yes
when a machine mimics “cognitive” functions that (c) They are based on machine learning
humans associate with other human minds, such as (d) None of the above
“learning” and “problem solving”. 3. Learning and problem solving by machines is a
The scope of AI is disputed: as machines become colloquial way of understanding artificial
increasingly capable, tasks considered as requiring intelligence?
“intelligence” are often removed from the definition, a (a) Yes
phenomenon known as the AI effect, leading to the quip, (b) No
“AI is whatever hasn’t been done yet”. For instance, (c) Artificial intelligence means acquiring knowledge
optical character recognition is frequently excluded from through books
“artificial intelligence”, having become a routine (d) It cannot be defined colloquially
technology. Capabilities generally classified as AI as of 4. Are autonomous cars an example of AI?
2017 include successfully understanding human speech, (a) Yes
competing at the highest level in strategic game systems (b) No
(such as chess and Go), autonomous cars, intelligent (c) As of 2017, they are
routing in content delivery network and military (d) None of the above
simulations.
5. Does AI only draw on technology and
Artificial intelligence was founded as an academic mathematics?
discipline in 1956, and in the years since has experienced (a) Yes
several waves of optimism, followed by disappointment (b) No
and the loss of funding (known as an “AI winter”), (c) It also draws upon psychology
followed by new approaches, success and renewed (d) It only draws upon linguistics
funding.
Practice Exercise
Directions (Passage Nos. 1-50) Read the following by advances in seafaring technology and
passage carefully and answer the questions that follow agriculture, has led to overexploitation of fragile
with the help of given alternatives. ecosystems, introduction of invasive species, and
pollution, causing many extinctions. Scientists
Passage 1 have estimated the rate of extinction by studying
1. Human beings are in the process of dramatically the fossil record, monitoring existing species, and
reshaping the Earth’s ecosystems. As far back as using statistical models to estimate the number of
the 19th century, some scientists have noted that undiscovered species that have been lost.
the current era is defined mainly by the impact of Estimates vary, but most scientists believe that
human activity. Now, there is an emerging diverse species are going extinct at hundreds or
consensus among Earth scientists that we have thousands of times the natural rate. The
indeed entered a new period of geological time, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature
Anthropocene epoch. (IUCN), for instance, has found that, of species
surveyed on its “Red List”, about a fifth of all
2. Scientists who study the history of the Earth mammals and reptiles and nearly a third of
usually divide geological time according to major amphibians are in danger of extinction.
changes to the biology and climate of the Earth.
For instance, the ancient Cambrian period, some 5. This ongoing rapid loss of species has been
500 million years ago, is distinguished by a sudden described as a mass extinction, as severe as the
explosion in the diversity of life, including the event that wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years
emergence of the ancestors of many modern ago. To some ecologists, this steep decline in
species. More recently, the Pleistocene epoch, biodiversity suggests that the Anthropocene epoch
which ended about ten thousand years ago, is began in the 17th and 18th centuries, when the
notable for the glaciers that swept over much of rate of extinction shot up dramatically.
the Earth. The new Anthropocene epoch would be 6. Human activity is also altering the climate as a
distinguished from all earlier times in Earth’s whole. Since the Industrial Revolution of the 18th
history by the dramatic impacts of human activity and 19th centuries, humans have significantly
on the Earth. altered the atmosphere by mining and burning
3. Though Earth scientists debate exactly when the fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Some
Anthropocene began, there is a clear consensus by-products of the use of these fuels, such as
that human changes to the environment are real carbon dioxide, are greenhouse gases that trap
and extreme. For one, many life forms have solar energy on Earth. To assess the impact of
become, and are becoming, extinct as a result of these greenhouse gases on the Earth, scientists
human activity. For this reason, some have had to investigate the history of the Earth’s
palaeontologists argue that the human impacts of climate. Ice cores, samples of ice layers that have
the Anthropocene began at the end of the last Ice trapped atmospheric chemicals over time, have
Age, around ten thousand years ago. The fossil supplied scientists with millennia of year-by-year
record indicates that around that time, many large information about greenhouse gas concentrations
animals, such as woolly mammoths and giant and atmospheric temperature.
sloths, went extinct shortly after humans arrived in 7. Evidence from ice cores clearly shows that the
their ranges. Their sudden disappearance suggests Industrial Revolution brought about a sudden jump
that habitat destruction and overhunting by in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, along with an
humans may have contributed to their demise. increase in temperatures. A scientific consensus
Indeed, many large animals, like elephants exists that this ongoing rise in temperatures has
and gorillas, are endangered for those same resulted in warming of the oceans, rising sea
reasons today. levels, and more frequent extreme weather events.
4. The pace of human-caused extinctions has only Thus, some climatologists propose that the
increased in the past several hundred years. The Anthropocene’s onset occurred with the Industrial
growth and spread of human populations, caused Revolution and its effects on Earth’s atmosphere.
COMPREHENSION 29
8. Whenever the Anthropocene is judged to have 6. Based on the passage, the relationship between
begun, its impact is undeniable. Human activity carbon dioxide and ice cores is that
has changed the face of the planet; the global (a) carbon dioxide is extracted from ice cores to fuel
ecosystem has been and is being reshaped, the industrial processes.
composition of the atmosphere has been altered, (b) carbon dioxide destroys ice cores, leading to a loss
and even weather patterns are changing in of a source of information.
response to human activity. The consequences of (c) ice cores can be studied to track changes in
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
these changes will affect life on Earth for millions
(d) ice cores remove carbon dioxide from the
of years to come, leaving a mark of human activity atmosphere, reducing its effects on the climate.
that may well outlive humanity itself.
7. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of the
1. The main purpose of the passage is to word ‘propose’.
(a) respond to controversial claims made by rival (a) The applicants propose a dual test in respect of the
scientists. powers of compulsory acquisition.
(b) argue for potential solutions to the problems posed (b) He formally proposed to his childhood friend.
by climate change. (c) I tried to propose a truce between my friends but
(c) describe human impacts on the Earth’s they kept cutting me off while I spoke.
environment. (d) Before a Branch can become official, it must propose
(d) account for recent changes in global biodiversity. a constitution, and establish a bank account.
2. “........ there is a clear consensus.” Pick the option 8. Pick the option that correctly states what DOES
in which the meaning of consensus is not the same NOT happen as a result of human activity.
as it is in the passage. (a) Emergence of invasive species
(a) He was the first to break the consensus and (b) Creation of the Red List
criticise the proposal. (c) Emergence of the modern species
(b) The question of when the troops should leave (d) Extreme weather events
would be decided by consensus.
9. The passage most strongly suggests that.
(c) Consensus politics places a high value on existing
political institutions. (a) the recent increase in the extinction rate occurred
as a result of human-caused climate change.
(d) Failure to arrive at a consensus over the issue
(b) all extinctions currently taking place result from
raised the spectre of legal action.
human activity.
3. Based on your understanding of the passage, (c) some life forms are going extinct before being
choose the option that lists the correct sequence of discovered by humans.
the process that has lead to the present times. (d) modern extinctions are destroying the biodiversity
generated in the Cambrian period.
1. Glaciers swept over the planet
2. Dramatic impact of human activity 10. Which word in the passage is an antonym of
3. Explosion of diversity of life ‘disagreement’?
4. Extinction of woolly mammoths (a) Undeniable (b) Consequences
(c) Extinction (d) Consensus
5. Introduction of invasive species
(a) 1, 3, 5, 4, 2 (b) 2, 4, 3, 5, 1
(c) 3, 1, 4, 2, 5 (d) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Passage 2
1. When you grow up in a place where it rains five
4. The author’s tone of writing in this passage is that
months a year, wise elders help you to get
of
acquainted with the rain early. They teach you that
(a) an uncertain scientist
it is ignorant to think that it is the same rain
(b) a concerned observer
(c) a jaded sceptic falling every day. Oh no, the rain is always doing
(d) a dejected defeatist different things at different times. There is rain that
is gentle, and there is also rain that falls too hard
5. The purpose of the second paragraph is to and damages the crops. Hence, the prayer for the
(a) provide a broad description of the Earth’s sweet rain that helps the crops to grow.
history.
(b) compare the current geological epoch to the 2. The monsoon in the Naga hills goes by the native
Cambrian period. name, khuthotei (which means the rice-growing
(c) describe the origins of the majority of the Earth’s season). It lasts from May to early or mid-October.
biodiversity. The local residents firmly believe that Durga Puja in
(d) explain how scientists divide geological time. October announces the end of rain. After that, one
might expect a couple of short winter showers, and 7. The urban population of school-goers and
the spring showers in March and April. Finally, office-goers naturally dislikes the monsoon and its
comes the “big rain” in May; proper rainstorms accompanying problems of landslides, muddy
accompanied by heart-stopping lightning and streets and periodic infections. For non-farmers,
ear-splitting thunder. the month of September can be depressing, when
I have stood out in storms looking at lightning arc the rainfall is incessant and the awareness persists
across dark skies, a light-and-sound show that can that the monsoons will last out till October. One
go on for hours. needs to have the heart of a farmer to remain
grateful for the watery days, and be able to
3. This is the season when people use the word sezuo observe–– from what seems to the inexperienced as
or suzu to refer to the week-long rains, when a continuous downpour ––– the many kinds of
clothes don’t dry and smell of mould, when fungus rain.
forms on the floor and when you can’t see the
Some of the commonly known rain-weeks are
moon or the stars because of the rainclouds. But
named after the plants that alternately bloom in
you learn not to complain. Rain, after all, is the
August and September. The native belief is that
farmer’s friend and brings food to the table. Rituals
the flowers draw out the rain.
and festivals centre around the agricultural rhythm
of life, which is the occupation of about 70 percent 8. Each rain period has a job to fulfil: October rain
of the population. helps garlic bulbs to form, while kumunyo rain
helps the rice bear grain. Without it, the ears of
4. The wise learn to understand its ways. I grew up
rice cannot form properly. End October is the most
hearing my grandfather say, “It’s very windy this
beautiful month in the Naga hills, as the fields turn
year. We’ll get good rain.” If the windy season was
gold and wild sunflowers bloom over the slopes, all
short and weak, he worried there might not be heralding the harvest. Prayers go up for protecting
enough rain for the crops. I learned the the fields from storms, and the rains to retreat
interconnectedness of the seasons from childhood, because the grain needs to stand in the sun and
and marvelled at how the wind could bring rain. ripen. The cycle nears completion a few weeks before
Another evening, many rainy seasons ago, my the harvest, and the rain does retreat so
paternal aunt observed the new moon and worried, thoroughly from the reaped furrows that the earth
“Its legs are in the air, we’re in for some heavy quickly turns hard. The months of rain become a
rain.” She was right. That week, a storm cut off distant memory until it starts all over again.
power lines and brought down trees and bamboos.
1. The rains are called after flowering plants because
5. Eskimos boast of having a hundred names for
(a) heavy rains kill plants.
snow. Norwegians in the north can describe all (b) flowers grow in the rainy season.
kinds of snow by an equal amount of names: (c) it is believed that the plants bring the rain.
pudder, powder snow, wet snow, slaps, extra wet (d) flowers grow all the year round.
snow, tight snowfall, dry snow, and at least 95
2. “…. some are passing into history.” Pick the option
more categories of snow. Likewise, in India we
in which the meaning of ‘passing’ is not the same
have names and names for rain. Some are as it is in the passage.
common, some are passing into history. (a) The pain increased until Julie was near passing
6. The rains are also called after flowering plants and out.
people believe that the blossoming of those plants (b) The funeral attendant was passing out tissues to
draws out rain. Once the monsoons set in, field all of the crying guests.
(c) Dust drifted down the road from a passing car.
work is carried out in earnest and the work of
uprooting and transplanting paddy in flooded
terrace fields is done. The months of hard labour 3. Based on your understanding of the passage,
are June, July and August. In August, as the choose the option that lists the correct sequence of
phrogu plant begins to bloom, a rain will fall. This the rain on the basis of month in which it starts to
when it ends.
August rain, also called phrogu, is a sign that the
time for cultivation is over. If any new grain seeds 1. January 2. October 3. May
are sown, they may not sprout; even if they do 4. August 5. April
sprout, they are not likely to bear grain. The rain (a) 3,2,4,1,5 (b) 3,4,2,1,5
acts as a kind of farmer’s almanac. (c) 1,3,2,4,5 (d) 5,3,1,2,4
COMPREHENSION 31
4. The rain is like a calendar for farmers because 2. The traditional method of transporting organs by
(a) it tells them when to sow and when to harvest. road is referred to as a ‘green corridor’. This process
(b) it tells them the birthdays of their children. entails police escorting an ambulance, so as to move
(c) each month has a time for plantation. around traffic–usually a specific traffic lane is
(d) different kinds of rain tell different things. chosen and all signals on the route stay green to
ensure it to reach its destination in the shortest
5. People who live in cities don’t like rain because
possible time. A ‘green corridor’ is a route cleared
(a) it brings mud and sickness with it.
and cordoned off by the traffic police to ensure the
(b) they are not bothered about the farmers.
(c) they don’t like the plants that grow during the rain.
smooth and steady transportation of harvested
(d) going shopping becomes difficult. organs, on most occasions, to those awaiting a
life-saving transplant. Organs tend to have a very
6. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of the short preservation time, such as the heart, which has
word ‘earnest’. to be harvested and transplanted within four hours
(a) In life's earnest battle they only prevail, who daily or the lungs, which can be preserved for only six
march onward and never say fail. hours once they are harvested.
(b) It is my earnest promise that you use this money to
continue you study of music. 3. The first green corridor in India was created by the
(c) He was in deadly earnest. Chennai Traffic Police in September, 2008 when
(d) As an earnest of my good intentions I will work they accomplished their task of enabling an
overtime this week. ambulance to reach its destination within 11 minutes
during peak hour traffic. That organ saved a nine
7. The narrator says that the people in the Naga hills
have agricultural rhythm of life. This means that year old girl whose life depended on the transplant.
(a) they are mostly farmers. 4. Similarly, such green corridors have been created
(b) their rituals and festivals are influenced by by Traffic Police of various cities such as Pune,
agriculture. Mumbai, Delhi NCR, etc. Personnel are stationed
(c) their lifestyle revolves around agriculture. at selected points to divert, control and clear the
(d) All of the above traffic giving way to the ambulance. Apart from
8. Pick the option that correctly lists the feelings of this, a motorcade of police vehicles accompanies
the writer with reference to rain in Naga hills. the ambulance ensuring that it does not face any
1. Satisfying 2. Nostalgic problems. Delhi Traffic Police provided a green
3. Enlightening 4. Disillusioning
corridor from IGI Airport to the Institute of Liver
and Biliary Sciences in Vasant Kunj for
5. Awe 6. Amusing
transportation of a liver. The distance of 14 kms
(a) 1,2,5 (b) 3,4,5
(c) 1,2,3 (d) 4,5,6
was covered in 11 minutes.
5. Experts point out the lack of a robust system to
9. People pray asking the rain to retreat because
transport organs to super-speciality hospitals in
(a) the fungus and mould need to dry.
least possible time. The National Organ and Tissue
(b) children don’t get a chance to play.
Transplant Organisation (NOTTO), the country’s
(c) the crops need the sun and heat to ripen.
(d) they like to pray.
apex organ donation agency, is now framing a
proposal to airlift cadaver organs and will send a
10. Which word in the passage means same as report to the Union Health Ministry. “Cadaver
calendar? organs have a short life and so transplant should
(a) Khuthfei (b) Almanac be done within a few golden hours.” Director
(c) Downpour (d) Kumunyo (NOTTO) expressed. “Therefore, we are preparing
a proposal for airlifting organs at any given moment.”
Passage 3 6. Most States do not have enough well-trained
1. Once an organ donor’s family gives its consent and experts to retrieve or perform transplant
the organs are matched to a recipient, medical procedures. Also, there is an acute shortage of
professionals are faced with the onerous challenge advanced healthcare facilities to carry out a
of transporting organs while ensuring that the transplant. So, it is referred to other big centres in
harvested organ reaches its destination in the Metropolitan cities. Organs retrieved from
shortest possible time. This is done in order to Aurangabad, Indore, Surat, Pune are sent to
preserve the harvested organs and involves the Mumbai as these cities do not have super-speciality
police and especially the traffic police department. healthcare centres, informed officials.
7. “In India, about fifty thousand to one lakh patients (b) Mr. Froebel counseled that young children should
are suffering from acute heart failure and need play in nature, cordoned off from construction sites.
heart transplant at any point of time. In a private (c) All over town, bridges were closed and ferry service
interrupted resulting in downtown streets
set up, a heart transplant costs ` 15-20 lakhs,
cordoning.
which is followed up by post-operative medication
of about ` 30,000 per month lifelong.”
8. Most of the people do not go for heart transplant as
1. The first green corridor in India was created in (a) it is very risky.
(a) New Delhi (b) Chennai (b) it is very painful.
(c) Mumbai (d) Pune (c) it may cause death of the recipient.
2. “clear the traffic…..”Pick the option in which the (d) the cost is prohibitive.
meaning of ‘clear’ is the same as it is in the 9. Which of the following is NOT a problem faced in
passage. transplant procedures?
(a) As he said these words, his tones, so clear and (a) Lack of trained professionals
reverent, became mystical and inward.
(b) Expensive treatment
(b) Rain comes after sunshine, and after a dark cloud,
(c) Less time of organ transplantation
a clear sky.
(d) Shortage of transplant centres
(c) The clear and lively illustrations are in full colour.
(d) May I clear the plates off the table? 10. Heart retrieved from a body is alive for only
(a) two hours (b) three hours
(c) four hours (d) five hours
the process.
1. Harvesting the organ
Passage 4
2. Clearing and diverting traffic 1. The windless night filled our ears with
3. Airlifting, if required unaccustomed silence and the foul dryness of our
4. Allocating police vehicles with the ambulance mouths aggravated the discomfort of our sleepless
5. Stationing of personnels bodies as we tried to ease the agony of our thirst.
(a) 1,3,5,2,4 (b) 1,4,3,2,5 Then breathlessly, we watched the gathering
(c) 1,3,4,5,2 (d) 1,3,4,2,5 clouds obscure the stars and it began to rain with a
steady downpour. Slowly the water in the pipe
4. The writer says that cadaver organs have a very from the canopy ran clear and we filled our empty
short life. By cadaver he means cans and spare plastic bags, our bellies and our
(a) artificial (b) diseased mouths until we could not force down another
(c) preserved (d) corpse
drop. Suddenly, everything had changed from the
5. The organisation which is framing a proposal to shadow of the spectre of death to the joyful
airlift cadaver organs is prospect of life and all by a shower of rain. We had
(a) Union Health Ministry. water!
(b) Regional Organ and Tissue Transplant 2. Douglas, lazily watching the dispersing clouds,
Organisation.
suddenly sat up with a start, pointing excitedly. “A
(c) National Organ and Tissue Transplant
Organisation. ship! A ship! It’s a ship!” We all crowded to the
(d) State Organ and Tissue Transplant Organisation. door of the raft, staring in the direction of his
pointing finger; a cargo vessel of about 6000
6. The onerous task that the author is talking about tonnes was approaching us on a course that would
in para 1 is bring her within 3 miles of us. “Get out the flares”,
(a) finding organ donors.
I said hoarsely, “and pass them to me in the
(b) finding doctors capable of performing transplants.
dinghy. They all see us better from there.”
(c) to carry the harvested organ in the shortest
possible time. 3. Three miles was a fair distance, but on a dull day
(d) to arrange the requisite facilities for the transplant such as this, against a background of rain, they
should see us easily. I clambered into the dinghy
7. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of the
word ‘cordoned’.
and Douglas passed me the rockets and hand
(a) The entire region has been cordoned off by
flares; my hands trembled as I ripped open a
civil-defense workers, making Kalapana a parachute rocket flare and, with a mute appeal to
brand-new wasteland. the thing to fire, struck the igniter on the fuse.
COMPREHENSION 33
It sputtered and hissed, then roared off on a the weakest go to the wall”, had now become our way of
trajectory high above the raft, its pinkish life. We would struggle and endure and, if our reflexes
magnesium flare slowly spiralling downwards were not as swift as the animals and fish around us, we
leaving a trail of smoke in the sky. They couldn’t had to be cunning and improve with practice.
fail to see it. I waited a moment or two, watching
1. The author killed the turtle as
for the ship to alter course, then struck a hand
(a) he liked to hunt
flare, holding it high above my head. The blinding
(b) he was feeling angry
red light was hot to hold and I pointed it away
(c) he was hungry and had nothing to eat
from the wind to ease my hand, the red embers of (d) he wanted to prove that he was brave
the flare dropping into the dinghy; as it went out, I
struck another, smoke from the first now a rising 2. “the foul dryness of our mouths aggravated….”
plume in the sky; surely they must see that! I Pick the option in which the meaning of
waited a little, my hands trembling. ‘aggravated’ is the same as it is in the passage.
(a) His bad temper was aggravated by his headache.
4. However, the ship sailed on, slowly disappearing (b) If he aggravated me any more I shall hit him.
behind a rain shower and, when she reappeared, (c) He aggravated a neck injury while playing for
her hull was half obscured by the horizon. My Derby County.
shoulders drooped. “We daren’t use another”, I (d) The disorder aggravated by the economic
said. “They won’t see it now and we have to keep depression of the 1930s.
something for the next one.” 3. Based on your understanding of the passage,
5. I surveyed the empty flare cartons bitterly, and the choose the option that lists the correct sequence of
one smoke flare which was damp and wouldn’t the feelings felt by the narrator.
work; then something happened to me in that 1. Hope 2. Discomfort
instant that, for me, changed the whole aspect of 3. Despair 4. Resilience
our predicament. If these poor bloody seamen 5. Anger
couldn’t rescue us, then we would have to make it (a) 1,3,5,2,4 (b) 2,1,3,5,4
on our own. The word from now on was, ‘survival’, (c) 3,1,2,4,5 (d) 5,2,3,1,4
not ‘rescue’, or ‘help’ or dependence of any kind, 4. The containers were filled with the rainwater as
just survival. We would live for three months or six they
months from the sea, but “We would get these (a) wanted to play with water
boys to land” as Lyn had said, and we would do it (b) did not have any work and wanted to pass their time
ourselves if there was no other way. (c) had to give the water to the men in the cargo vessel
6. Towards late afternoon, we felt an unusually hard (d) were thirsty and also wanted to save water for the
bump on the raft floor and we found ourselves gazing future
at the large scaly head of a turtle. The day before I 5. Why did the narrator feel bitter?
would have said, “Leave it, we can’t manage that”, (a) Because they could not be saved
but now things were different. “We’ll have this one”, (b) Because the things that would have got them
I said. “Let’s get it aboard the dinghy.” The turtle’s noticed were not useful anymore
flippers had become entangled in the sea anchor (c) Because they were tired and hungry
line, so, first passing a rope from the dinghy under (d) Both (a) and (b)
the raft, we made it fast to one of the back flippers, 6. The flares were used by the author to
then carefully avoiding the searching beak, freed the (a) get light as it was getting dark
turtle from the sea anchor rope and towed it around (b) cook the food
the raft to the Ednamair. With a bump and a (c) heat the water
thrashing of claws, the reptile lay on its back in the (d) get the attention of the other ship so that they
bottom of the dinghy. could be rescued
7. I plunged the knife into the leathery skin of the neck. 7. The author’s shoulders drooped when the cargo
Deep red blood spurted into the bottom of the dinghy ship reappeared as
and gradually, the beak and flippers ceased (a) he felt tired
thrashing as the beast died. Twenty-four hours (b) he realised that there was no chance of the cargo
previously, I would not have had the stomach for ship spotting them as it was very far off
such a bloody business, but the laws of survival (c) he was ill
applied and the first principle, “The fittest survive, (d) Douglas was not obeying his orders
8. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of the never taken investment seriously start reading
word ‘spectre’. business magazines, and catch up on bullish and
(a) The spectre of unemployment was always on his bearish trends in the market. Surprisingly, many of
mind. them become prudent about investment and offer
(b) The dread spectre of civil war looms over the a lot of advice to the so-called tyros. Listening to
country. music, attending music festivals, and participating
(c) These weeks of drought have once again spectred in musical activities, help to turn the focus from
widespread famine.
retirement to aesthetics. Many philanthropic
(d) Was he a spectre returning to haunt her?
Indians have been known to devote their attention
9. Pick the option that correctly states what DID NOT to social causes and have been known to form
happen after the writer fired the hand flares. clubs, which volunteer to help people. The sense of
(a) The ship disappeared away. deep satisfaction that one gets from this is
(b) The embers of the flare burned the writer absolutely incomparable. Developing a passion for
(c) The remaining rockets and flares got damp sports and evoking an interest in everything
(d) A feeling of bitterness engulfed the writer around you keeps you mentally healthy and
10. The turtle bumped into the author’s boat as emotionally fit.
(a) it did not see the boat 3. There is a decline in mental abilities as one ages
(b) its flippers got entangled in the sea anchor line and this is mostly an offshoot of certain
(c) the boat was going too fast while the turtle was pathological changes in the human brain. While
swimming slowly senior citizens become more mature in judgment,
(d) the turtle was asleep and the boat hit it
the ability to recall things declines. Doing
11. What does Douglas handed over to the narrator crossword puzzles, solving things mentally and a
when he climbed dinghy? conscious effort to relate and recall can greatly
(a) Rockets (b) Hand flares alleviate this decline. Aging is only in the mind:
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these you are as old as you want to be. Reading spiritual
books and committing the Saint Kabir’s shlokas to
Passage 5 memory is a wonderful exercise for the human
1. Even before you are aware of it, retirement is brain, for it emphasises the fact that nothing, no
around the corner and with it comes a sense of matter however difficult, is unconquerable. A
apprehension, trepidation and maybe a sense of positive attitude and a desire to learn as many new
anticipation. The first few days when you acquire things as possible is the key to a full and happy
the status of a Senior Citizen are full and the life. Many computer institutes in India conduct
consequences of retirement have yet to sink in. A computer courses for Senior Citizens and they are
month passes and time hangs heavily, and in a able to use the Internet, send e-mails all over the
sense you feel lost, but a change in attitude can world, store information relating to investments
alter all that. The Indian government has given and handle their bank accounts. There are limited
many concessions to Senior Citizens and it would job openings for Senior Citizens but, ideally, they
do you good if you focused on the advantages should take a job only if they have to.
rather than the disadvantages. Even at a personal 4. Exercise, yoga and meditation keep Senior Citizens
level, you can think of it as a new beginning rather in good physical condition, as then they are less
than an end of a phase. Look around you, wake up prone to ailments, which tend to dog their footsteps
to the things around you, have a new perspective once they have crossed 60. Physical conditioning
and find time for all those things that you earlier augurs emotional and mental well-being. Exercise
wanted to do but could never get done. tones muscles, improves circulation of blood,
2. Books and reading are all time favourite hobbies to reduces stress and wards off depression. Joints
indulge in. In India, subjects such as astrology, remain flexible, the risk of arteriosclerosis is
tarot reading and palm reading have attracted reduced, and muscle and bone loss is drastically
many. So serious do these Senior Citizens become reduced. In India, many old people have taken to
that you would never guess they were novices. doing pranayama on a regular basis.
Heated discussions, as well as debates on politics 5. For Senior Citizens, this is a period of growth and
and religion have also engrossed quite a few. Then the proper time to attain the riches that life has to
there is this small segment which focuses on offer. This is the time in their lives when they can
economy and finance. Many Indians who have live their lives the way they actually want to. The
COMPREHENSION 35
concessions they are entitled to make it actually 7. The reason for the decline in mental abilities of
worth being a Senior Citizen. Airlines offer Senior Citizens is
discounted fares and the Indian railways offer a (a) aging
discount on all tickets. There are separate queues (b) retirement
for Senior Citizens at the post office, railway (c) pathological changes in the brain
counters and some buses even have seats reserved (d) loss of physical stamina
for them. It all boils down to one thing - it can 8. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of the
actually be quite appealing to be a Senior Citizen word ‘novices’.
once you look at yourself with esteem and have (a) Both are completely geared to novices, with plenty
confidence in your abilities. Eat healthily, exercise, of other distractions if walking the plank doesn’t
sleep well and extract every ounce of the elixir that suit.
life has to offer. (b) Many of the clubs cater for novices as well as for
established performers.
1. Within the first few days of retirement, the retired (c) The grooms and novices led away the horses, and
person acquires wheeled away the light carriage into the grange
(a) the status of being a Senior Citizen court for housing.
(b) the status of being lonely (d) A course of classes on firing and driving steam
(c) another post in the same department trains is being offered to complete novices.
(d) a feeling of enjoyment 9. The importance of the Kabir Shlokas as mentioned
2. “with it comes a sense of apprehension….” Pick the in the passage is
option in which the meaning of ‘apprehension’ is (a) it gives peace of mind.
the same as it is in the passage. (b) it keeps one busy.
(a) She was almost sick with excitement and (c) it teaches that nothing is unconquerable.
apprehension. (d) it boosts and maintains memory.
(b) He watched the election results with some
10. Which of the following is not mentioned as an
apprehension.
activity that old people can indulge in?
(c) I feel a certain apprehension about my interview
tomorrow. (a) Learning a Language (b) Going to musin fests
(d) All of the above (c) Charity (d) Exercising
3. Based on your understanding of the passage, Passage 6

information given in the passage. 1. We have entered a new world. The fall of the
Berlin wall put an end to the bipolar world and
1. There are special provision made by the
government for senior citizens. gave birth to hope for freedom and prosperity.
2. Old people must see life with a new perspective
There were many States that gained their
after retirement. independence. Most adopted the democratic
3. The ability to recall declines with old age. model, which corresponds to our shared political
4. There are limited job opening for senior citizens.
values. Globalisation has further enhanced these
changes. It offers extraordinary opportunities to
(a) 1,2,3,4 (b) 2,3,4,1
(c) 3,4,1,2 (d) 4,3,2,1
individuals who are in a position to seize them;
easier access to information, speedier
4. The all time favourite hobby which Senior Citizens communications and unimpeded travels. But it
indulge in is also develops new forms of vulnerabilities; a
(a) swimming (b) books and reading financial crisis can run from Thailand to Russia via
(c) sleeping (d) playing indoor games Latin America. Epidemics spread faster and
5. The tone used by the author in the given passage further, be it mad cow's disease or bird flu.
is 2. Therefore, our destiny is no longer shaped within
(a) satisfying (b) amusing safe frontiers but on an international scale. Given
(c) inspiring (d) informative the extent of these changes, we must define our
6. The person who devotes his attention to social world's new principles of organisation. In this
causes and works as a volunteer to help people is endeavour for a new order, India has a major role to
called a play. First, because it is an example of dynamism and
(a) misanthropist (b) philanthropist energy. Our country is one of youth; 33 per cent of
(c) recluse (d) philanderer the population is under the age of 15.
You are aware of the tremendous asset and the 8. With 18 official languages and over 1652 dialects,
immense responsibility that this represents. A young India is at the forefront of cultural diversity. It is a
population is a guarantee of imagination, renewal, proof that openness to the outside world and
awakening and hope. But it is also a challenge in preservation of its own roots can go hand in hand.
terms of education, health and training. The movement of exchange between cultures must
3. India has been able to make the most of not lead to silencing the polyphony of voices arid
globalisation and has gained a pivotal role. It view.
provides the example of an economy which has 9. In the heart of its democracy, India has been
allied dynamism and equilibrium. The past year able to define an identity respectful of each and
offers the two-fold satisfaction of a spectacular 7.5 everyone’s specificity. It is home to one of the
per cent growth rate and inflation under control. largest Muslim communities of the world, with
Thanks to the size and dynamism of its domestic over 170 million believers. The religious patchwork
market, it can project itself into the future with of India offers to each minority, whether it be the
confidence. 27 million Christians, the 21 million Sikhs or the
4. India is now the biggest international service Buddhists, Jains and Parsis, the possibility of
provider in information technologies, and this at a keeping alive their own religious beliefs in harmony
time when the Western countries are experiencing with the Indian identity.
a real shortage of manpower in this very field. A 10. This original and exemplary synthesis is difficult to
scientific power, India, today, is also a key player in achieve. Your will to promote democracy is
space research. Thanks to the excellence of the undoubtedly the strongest political message of the
Indian Space Research Organisation, it is in the Indian nation. At the heart of the new world
forefront of technologies for launchers and the geography lies the democratic challenge.
construction of satellites. 11. Thanks to you, we know that the size of the
5. This economic vitality has developed on the basis population, that the force of history and tradition is
of a strong concern for social justice. In the face of not an obstacle. India is a proof that the
inequalities that still remain and could be universality of Human Rights is a realistic emotion.
increasing, India has given priority to poverty It shows us that State Secularism can be
reduction, job creation and support of the reconciled with the vigour of identities and beliefs.
agricultural sector. Our country has shown that
1. The extraordinary opportunities globalisation
economic growth and concern for the greater good
offers to individuals includes
are not incompatible.
(a) shortage of manpower
6. India, however, does not only offer an economic (b) a hope for freedom and prosperity
model. It stands as an example for nations that (c) ruination due to a financial crisis
show due respect for cultural identities. This (d) easier access to information
represents a major challenge, as globalisation has
2. “In this endeavour for a new order….” Pick the
inherent in it a two-fold risk. First of all, there is
option in which the meaning of ‘order’ is the same
the risk of domination of certain forms of thinking, as it is in the passage.
and of certain ways of life and expression. The (a) The office telephones were all out of order.
diversity of cultures, religions, traditions and (b) What do you suggest I order?
memories is an essential component of the (c) The files are arranged in alphabetical order .
richness of our world. If we are not careful, it (d) The new order seems to be technically flawed.
could die one day.
7. Then there is the risk of confrontation of choose the option that lists the correct sequence of
identities. Lack of respect for what people stand for information given in the passage.
can nurture claims of nationalists and 1. India is at the forefront of cultural diversity.
fundamentalists. The more an identity feels 2. India gained a pivotal role in globalisation.
threatened, the more it tends to be inward looking,
3. Fall of Berlin wall.
rejects diversity and finally gives in to
4. India has become the biggest international
confrontation. These are the patterns that we saw service provider.
in action in the worst post cold war confrontations,
(a) 1,4,2,3 (b) 3,2,1,4
from the explosion of the Balkans to the genocide (c) 3,2,4,1 (d) 3,1,2,4
in the Rwanda.
COMPREHENSION 37
4. Pick the option that correctly states the fact that is 2. It is true that these farming methods provide an
NOT present in the passage. abundant source of food and employ thousands of
(a) India has been able to define an identity respectful workers across the country. However, CAFOs
of each and everyone’s specificity. should be placed under more stringent restrictions
(b) India has shown that economic growth and concern because of their unfair treatment of animals and
for the great good are compatible. the harm they do to both the environment and
(c) Western countries lack manpower.
humans.
(d) The young population of India poses massive
challenges for it. 3. One of the key controversies surrounding factory
farms is animal rights. Factory farms raise livestock
5. The economic growth rate of India during the past
year has been indoors, as opposed to allowing the animals to
(a) 15 per cent (b) 7.5 per cent graze in fields and pastures. The farmers favour
(c) 33 per cent (d) None of these this overcrowded environment because it
maximises profits. Providing less space for the
6. The basis of the development of the economic animals costs less money; filling pens to their
vitality in India is
maximum capacity ensures that no space is
(a) showing due respect for cultural identities
wasted. Consequently, animal pens are often so
(b) dominance of certain forms of thinking
small that larger animals cannot lie down or turn
(c) a strong concern for social justice
(d) All of the above around. In some cases, these small cages are
beneficial for more than just maximising capacity:
7. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of the calves, for instance, do not gain muscle mass in
word ‘vitality’.
this environment. This keeps their meat more
(a) You have to admire the sheer vitality of his
tender, which makes it more attractive to
performance.
(b) Hothouse plants do not possess exuberant vitality.
consumers.
(c) The cream will restore youth and vitality to your 4. Livestock in CAFOs are often found living in their
skin. own urine and faeces, stimulating the spread of
(d) All of the above diseases, such as avian flu, foot and mouth disease
8. When an identity feels threatened, it and mad cow disease, among other animals on the
farm. In order to combat this, farmers must give
(a) ultimately reacts with a hostile reaction
(b) develops lack of respect for others the animals antibiotics. In many cases, however,
(c) keeps alive its own religious beliefs antibiotics are used for disease prevention instead
(d) tries to dominate other identities of treatment.
5. In addition to being used to combat the spread of
9. The author of the given passage is appreciating
India for
diseases, antibiotics are also commonly used to
(a) becoming pivotal in globalisation.
encourage faster growth in livestock. This overuse
(b) becoming the biggest International service provider. increases the risk of livestock developing immunity
(c) maintaining its cultural diversity. to antibiotics, ironically making animals even more
(d) creating opportunities for employment. susceptible to disease. After being digested, these
antibiotics are released back into the environment
10. Find out the word from the passage that is correct in the form of milk, meat, and waste, which can
synonym of ‘ideal’.
affect the people who eat these products or the
(a) Vitality (b) Vigour
environment that absorbs them.
(c) Exemplary (d) Confrontation
6. CAFOs also negatively impact the environment in
Passage 7 the form of air and water pollution. Factory farms
contribute to air pollution issues in the USA
1. According to some estimates, if we could compile the through the release of toxic gases and vapours as
amount of food, land, water and energy used to raise well as by burning fossil fuels to run farm
the 10 billion animals slaughtered each year for machinery.
meat, we could use those resources to feed every
7. These farms also have notable consequences for
single starving person on earth. The majority of these
the environment in terms of water pollution. One
resources are depleted by concentrated animal
characteristic of CAFOs that creates water
feeding operations (CAFOs). CAFOs are factory
pollution is the presence of a lagoon. Lagoons are
farms that mass produce livestock but, in the
process, harm animals, the environment, and humans. artificial storage basins where animal excrement is
temporarily contained; periodically, farmers flush inconvenience to consumers, a price increase

this waste into ditches or nearby bodies of water. would encourage people to eat a diet of less meat.
This waste combines with runoff from fertilised 11. This cultural change would assist in solving the
fields to pollute the water sources surrounding broader resource crisis as fewer grain, energy and
CAFOs. It adds excess nutrients, pathogens, land resources would be needed to support
veterinary pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, and smaller-scale production. Better treatment of
excreted hormones to the water sources. Such animals and more responsible environmental
pollutants not only affect aquatic life, but can lead practices would protect humans more from
to severe impacts on human health. infectious diseases and the effects of air and water
8. Another negative environmental impact of factory pollution, a benefit everyone should embrace.
farms is resource depletion. Factory farming uses
more land than any other agricultural or industrial 1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
enterprise in the country. CAFOs consume a great (a) persuade readers that CAFOs should be more
strictly regulated
deal of resources in terms of grain, energy and
(b) dissuade from the use of antibiotics for disease
land. There are far more efficient ways of using prevention in animals
these resources to feed people. For instance, it has (c) educate readers about the pros and cons of CAFOs
been estimated that the grain used to feed (d) suggest economic alternatives to CAFOs, such as
livestock in the USA alone could feed up to 800 organic farming and soyabean production
million people in one year.
2. “Farmers flush….” Pick the option in which the
By contrast, the production of livestock in CAFOs meaning of ‘flush’ is the same as it is in the
is a wasteful use of energy. While both chicken passage.
meat and soyabeans are good sources of protein, (a) His words brought a warm flush to her face.
producing equivalent amounts of protein from (b) The river is flush with rain.
chicken meat and soyabeans does not require (c) Flush out the pipes with cold water after adding
equivalent amounts of energy: chicken meat the cleaning powder.
production consumes 14 times more energy than (d) She felt a sudden flush of anger.
soyabean production. Consequently, grain and 3. Based on your understanding of the passage,
energy supplies should be used more efficiently to choose the option that lists the correct sequence of
produce food sources other than livestock. information given in the passage.
9. In order to combat the unfair treatment of animals 1. CAFO’s are a waste of energy
and the risks to environmental and human health, 2. CAFO’s are violating animal rights.
CAFOs should be placed under stricter guidelines. 3. Farm machinery adds to environmental
One such regulation would force factory farms to pollution.
adhere to air and water quality protection 4. CAFO’s use many antibiotics to prevent animal
standards from which they have previously been diseases.
exempted, such as those set forth by the Clean 5. One must shift towards organic products.
Water Act. Enforcing these standards would lead (a) 1,3,2,4,5 (b) 2,4,3,1,5
to banning environmental hazards such as waste (c) 2,3,4,5,1 (d) 5,4,3,2,1
lagoons, which in turn would reduce environmental 4. We can infer that animals raised on CAFOs live
pollution and human health liabilities. indoors because
10. Some have suggested that due to these (a) they require less space than animals raised outside
environmental and human health concerns, factory (b) some of them produce more appealing meat
farms should be banned outright. Advocates for (c) they are less expensive to maintain
CAFOs, however, argue that factory farming allows (d) All of the above
for lower production costs that translate into lower 5. ……… is not the reason for CAFOs having a
food prices for consumers. negative impact on the environment.
Organic and free-range products, they argue, do (a) Animal waste polluting water sources near factory
not allow for the large-scale production of farms
livestock; prices for meat, eggs and dairy products (b) Exhaust from farm machinery
would increase, should the country shift towards (c) Antibiotics entering the human food supply
through animal products
organic products. Although this would be an
(d) Animals living in overcrowded environments waste
energy
COMPREHENSION 39
6. The statistic that ……… strengthens the author’s 2. For instance, take the following sentences :
argument in para 9. (a) The test was hard. (b) The test was difficult.
(a) people eating meat from CAFOs develop less high Is the difference between these synonyms readily
blood pressure and heart conditions apparent? Is there a noticeable difference between
(b) CAFOs adhering to air and water quality protection them at all? Indeed, these questions are valid and
standards report a 30% reduction in profits warrant an answer. For, what would be the point of
(c) a town near an animal waste lagoon reported only having multiple words with exactly the same
half the respiratory illnesses after the lagoon was meaning? No, that would be superfluous, the
shut down
English language being far too economical.
(d) the Clean Water Act was enacted in 1948 and
expanded in 1972 3. While many close synonyms share similar, if not
the same, dictionary definitions, the feeling, or
7. Pick the option showing the INCORRECT use of
mood, they convey is utterly singular. Although a
the word ‘liabilities’.
dictionary can provide information about word
(a) It is fully insured to meet potential liabilities.
(b) He wants to know the precise amount of the
meanings, pronunciations, etymologies, inflected
liabilities he is taking over. forms, derived forms etc, it cannot communicate
(c) The company has liabilities to its employees. how it feels to use a word.
(d) What are the liabilities for dismissal? 4. So, if there is indeed a difference between words
8. The objection in para 10 that ………… is not such as ‘hard’ and ‘difficult’, what is it? To begin
countered in the passage by the author. with, ‘hard’ is pragmatic and realistic, firmly
(a) not everyone wants to be a vegetarian grounded in reality. It is a utilitarian word that gets
(b) if CAFOs move toward producing more organic the job done and doesn’t apologise for its brusque,
products, food prices will go up uncouth nature. On the other hand, ‘difficult’ is
(c) the increase in food prices will reduce consumption eloquent and refined. It is civilised, willing to
of meat expend the effort necessary to appear urbane. Why,
(d) it is illegal to ban CAFOs on the basis of current laws the mere difference in sonic quality between them
9. Pick the option that correctly states the option that is striking enough. ‘Hard’ makes a quick,
DOES NOT support the authors argument. unassuming sound, having a single syllable (voiced
(a) CAFO should not be blamed for the increasing under certain inflections, it can even come across as
health and environmental concerns. harsh), while ‘difficult’ is more lengthy and melodic,
(b) Organic farming should be adopted by farmers of its number of syllables totalling three times that of
the CAFO. its counterpart.
(c) A stringent check must be maintained on the 5. Furthermore, ‘hard’ is more likely to be used in
CAFO to make sure that the standards and
casual, informal circumstances, or to communicate
qualities are maintained.
(d) Animal rights should be the central concern of the
an idea ‘on the go’ or simply to ‘get it out’ as the
CAFO’s. sayings go. It is used without pretence, and does
not maintain a feeling of being overly concerned.
10. According to passage, which of the following are In terms of daily usage, ‘hard’ may be employed by
the good source of protein?
an exhausted brick mason when posed with the
(a) Chicken meat (b) Soyabeans
question, “How was your day?” Conversely,
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Fruit Juices
‘difficult’ may be used by a military General upon
explaining to his or her superior the progression of
Passage 8 a particularly taxing campaign.
1. It is not uncommon for close synonyms to be
6. Similar to ‘hard’ and ‘difficult’, the words ‘weird’
understood to share the same meaning. For
and ‘strange’ are also close synonyms, and may
instance, the difference between words such as
seemingly be used interchangeably. Take, for
‘hard’ and ‘difficult’ goes tragically unnoticed. One
instance, the following sentences:
may employ one or the other with complete
(a) Sea monkeys are weird.
indifference, postulating no discrepancy between
them. In general this is well and good; most people (b) Sea monkeys are strange.
lack the excessive concern to quibble over such Contrary to popular belief, these sentences are not
trifles. Nevertheless, for those of us with ample tautologous. So how do they differ? Their dictionary
compulsiveness (and time), it is of significant value definitions are nearly identical, so the difference
to comprehend such nuances. does not lie there. Rather, the difference involves
the feeling, or mood, that these words convey. 3. What is the common understanding of close
Notice that while ‘weird’ and ‘strange’ both have synonyms?
only one syllable, the latter has a remarkably (a) They have the same meaning.
distinguished feel. Similar to ‘hard’, ‘weird’ conveys (b) They are used in different contexts.
a more basic, a more crude, sentiment. Something (c) They are used in different tones.
‘weird’ is crass or gross, and is typically undesirable. (d) They are superfluous.
No one wants to be associated with something
‘weird’. If trying to impress someone, one probably 4. The word ‘hard’ is
doesn't want to be categorised among the ‘weird’. (a) pragmatic and realistic
(b) eloquent and refined
7. On the other hand, if something is labelled as (c) lengthy and melodic
‘strange’, it is not necessarily bad. Rather, (d) All of the above
something ‘strange’ is simply abnormal, or
unusual, a deviation from what is expected. This 5. Which of the problem is correct regarding
distinction between ‘weird’ and ‘strange’ is so dictionaries as per the passage?
pronounced that the latter can be used as a (a) Dictionaries gives us the history of the usage of
euphemism for the former in certain situations. the word.
(b) Dictionaries does not tell how it feels to use
For instance, notice how a simple substitution is
the word.
able to make the following sentence less offensive:
(c) Dictionaries tell us the root word of all words.
"Your mother's cookies taste weird." compared to (d) Both (b) and (c)
”Your mother's cookies taste strange." In the
former sentence, the speaker sounds as though he 6. The difference between the words ‘weird’ and
or she is insulting your mother's cookies, stating ‘strange’ is
that they taste bad. In the latter sentence, (a) the number of syllables they have
however, the speaker sounds as though the cookies (b) the commonality of their usage
simply taste different, or unusual, compared to (c) the number of letters each word has
what he or she is used to, the difference owing to (d) the feeling, or mood, that these words convey
the innocuous addition of too much flour, perhaps. 7. The word ‘weird’ conveys the sentiment of
8. Granted, the notion that close synonyms can be (a) deviating from the expected
used interchangeably is prevalent among English (b) something basic, crude and undesirable
speakers. And alas, the dictionary, the text (c) being unusual
purported to be responsible for clarifying such (d) None of the above
issues, is of little assistance. In the end, it is left to
us, the speakers of the language, those actively 8. Pick the option showing the INCORRECT use of
the word ‘uncouth’.
responsible for maintaining its sustenance and
generation, to understand how these words make (a) He would become dreadful, hideous, and uncouth.
us feel and what mood we are inclined to attach to (b) Others see us as overly materialistic, somewhat
uncouth and lacking in social graces.
them. Using the examples and insights described
(c) An earthy, uncouth an innocent girl was rest to
above, one may come to recognise these subtle, yet peace.
crucial, differences. (d) The chapter was very long, and consisted
1. The word ‘hard’ is more likely to be used entirely of names, uncouth and difficult to
pronounce.
(a) to communicate an idea ‘on the go’
(b) to convey the feeling of not being much concerned 9. Which of the following is CORRECT according to
(c) in casual, informal circumstances the passage?
(d) All of the above (a) Even synonyms are different.
2. “….to quibble over such trifles” Pick the option in (b) Words take contextual meaning.
which the meaning of ‘quibble’ is the same as it is (c) Synonyms are approximately similar in meaning.
in the passage. (d) All of the above
(a) She’s only introducing this as a quibble. 10. Which word in passage is a correct antonym of
(b) His main weakness is to quibble over unimportant ‘Insufficient’?
things.
(a) Superfluous
(c) The only quibble about this book is the lack of
(b) Eloquent
colour illustrations.
(c) Crucial
(d) She pretended to quibble with a phrase or two,
then looked questioningly to her mother. (d) Prafmatic
COMPREHENSION 41
5. Another issue at play is the stigma amongst

Passage 9 military personnel that asking for help for mental
1. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe health issues makes one ‘weak’. A recent
anxiety disorder that affects millions of people Department of Defence study of returning combat
around the world. Individuals can develop PTSD troops shows that only 1 in 6 veterans
after experiencing any event that results in acknowledged themselves to be suffering from
psychological trauma. Symptoms of PTSD involve symptoms of PTSD, and 3 out of 5 veterans were
flashbacks to the traumatic event, nightmares, convinced that their comrades and commanding
obsessive behaviour, anger, insomnia, difficulty officers would lose confidence in them if they
concentrating, and hyper-vigilance. sought treatment for mental health issues.
2. Individuals who suffer from PTSD can experience 6. For women, this hesitation to self-identify as a
significant difficulties in social relationships, have sufferer of PTSD could be even greater;
lower self-esteem, and have trouble maintaining historically, female soldiers have struggled to be
employment. People with PTSD experience a counted as equals to men on the battlefield.
higher risk of committing suicide, developing a Women, stereotypically considered to possess less
drug addiction, and suffering from alcoholism. emotional fortitude than men, may be unwilling to
Although PTSD can affect any individual, military admit that they are suffering from PTSD lest they
veterans are especially susceptible to this appear to conform to this stereotype. Unfortunately
debilitating affliction. Furthermore, within this for those who do not seek help, when PTSD goes
population, women are more than twice as likely as untreated, it is very likely to worsen over time.
men to develop PTSD. Studies have also shown
7. Another challenge is that until very recently,
that former service women who do develop PTSD
treatment for PTSD has been more difficult for
experience more severe symptoms than their male
women than men to obtain. Before rule changes
counterparts. Recent changes made by the United
were enacted in 2010, only veterans who
States Department of Veterans Affairs have
encountered direct combat experience qualified to
improved treatment options for female veterans
receive disability payments for PTSD. Because very
living with PTSD, but there is still more that needs
few women are placed on the front lines, very few
to be done.
were eligible to receive free treatment for PTSD.
3. Although studies investigating precisely why However, recent regulation changes have ended
women are more likely than men to experience these stipulations, allowing women who serve in
PTSD have not yet been completed, some experts any capacity to be eligible for benefits.
have theorised that low unit cohesion is a major
8. Even if female veterans are eligible for these
factor. Unit cohesion, defined as the mutual bonds
benefits, the quality of the care a wartime PTSD
of friendship and support among members of a
sufferer receives can vary widely. The United
military unit, is thought to be helpful in reducing
States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) pays
the incidence of developing PTSD.
disability benefits to service men and women who
4. According to recent surveys compiled by US Army have been diagnosed with PTSD and also provides
researchers, increased unit cohesion emerged as these individuals with free health care.
the most important factor determining whether
9. But while mental health counselling that comes
soldiers developed suicidal thoughts. Women are
directly from VA doctors is completely free to
more likely than men to experience low unit
veterans, there are often long waiting lists for those
cohesion for a variety of reasons. One of the most
who need to be evaluated or treated. Therapy
obvious factors is the relative paucity of females in
provided by non-VA professionals may not be
the military; currently, women make up only 20%
covered by health insurance. Access to mental
of the armed forces. Pervasive male prejudice
health professionals who have been specially
against women is another factor that can diminish
trained to treat wartime PTSD is often difficult for
unit cohesion for female soldiers. Because women
those not living near major urban centres.
are less likely than men to experience unit
cohesion while serving in the military, women are 10. Perhaps the biggest impediment to achieving
less likely to develop the social support structures quality treatment for women suffering from
that will help prevent them from developing PTSD, wartime PTSD is a lack of research. While both
depression, or other serious mental health the VA and independent agencies have completed
problems. hundreds of studies researching the prevention of
and treatment for PTSD amongst general military (b) the amount of care provided has improved over the
populations, there have been no studies completed past few years, but it is still insufficient
that solely target women. (c) The VA and other government agencies have tried
to provide mental health care for female veterans,
11. Before adequate care can be provided, there must but most of them refuse to seek treatment
be greater understanding about the root causes of (d) the US government has done almost nothing to help
this issue as it affects women specifically. On both
the research level and the policy level, more must 6. The quality of the care a wartime PTSD sufferer
receives is difficult ………… .
be done to help the women who have sacrificed so
(a) because suitably trained professionals are available
much for their country.
(b) the root causes of this issue are well-known and
1. The primary purpose of the passage is to ……… . researched
(a) inform readers about the likely warning signs of (c) for those not living near major urban centres
PTSD among military veterans (d) All of the above
(b) persuade government officials to increase funding 7. Pick the option showing the INCORRECT use of
for PTSD treatment centres in non-urban areas the word ‘impediment’.
(c) explain why military veterans are more likely than (a) The main impediment to growth was a lack of
civilians to develop PTSD capital.
(d) educate readers about the problem of insufficient (b) He also had a speech impediment.
treatment available for female veterans with PTSD (c) Shortage of money was not the only impediment to
higher education.
2. “….members of a military unit” Pick the option in (d) None of the above
which the meaning of ‘unit’ is NOT the same as it
is in the passage. 8. Based on information in the passage, it can be
(a) The unit has insufficient armament with which to concluded that the author
do battle. (a) believes that advocating for a cause can lead to
(b) The control unit decoded the 18 bits. change
(c) The present perfect is covered in Unit 8. (b) has conducted studies on PTSD among veterans
(d) The man is in the hospital’s intensive care unit. (c) is a mental health care professional
(d) does not believe women should be allowed to serve
3. Based on your understanding of the passage, choose in the military
the option that lists the correct sequence of
information given in the passage. 9. Which of the following does not prevent PTSD?
1. The United States Department of Veterans (a) Bonds of friendship (b) Mental support
provides medical help to its militants. (c) Diary entry (d) Less prejudice
2. A symptom of PTSD is, difficulty in concentrating. 10. Find out the word from the passage which is
3. Women suffer from acute PTSD. similar of ‘obstacle’?
4. PTSD is common amongst military veterans. (a) vigilance (b) affliction
5. There is a stigma amongst military personnel (c) diminish (d) impediment
asking for medical help.
(a) 2,4,3,5,1 (b) 1,3,2,4,5 Passage 10
(c) 3,2,4,1,5 (d) 4,2,3,5,1
1. The basic task of a manager is to control workers
4. Females develop PTSD more frequently than males and get the maximum amount of work out of
because
them. There are two main ways of making workers
(a) women may face negative stereotypes in the
produce more. One is to extend the working hours.
military
The other is to increase the amount that is
(b) women experience lower unit cohesion than men
produced within a given time period. Machinery
(c) males tend to develop stronger social bonds during helps to increase production, but it also creates the
their service time
danger that eventually machines will replace
workers. Both Marx and Mahatma Gandhi saw
5. The statement that …… gives the author’s correct mechanisation as a danger to employment.
opinion about the status of mental health care 2. Another way of increasing output is by organising
provided for female veterans.
work. An American called Frederick Winslow
(a) although the VA has not done enough, state and
Taylor invented a new system in the 1890s, which
independent agencies have made up for
government deficiencies he called ‘Scientific Management’. It is also known
as Taylorism, or industrial engineering. Under his
COMPREHENSION 43
system, all work was broken down into its smallest overnight in the office (known as a ‘night out’),
repetitive elements, and divided between workers. when faced with a project deadline. Long working
Workers were timed with the help of stopwatches hours are central to the industry’s work culture.
and had to fulfil a certain target every day. 8. As a result of these working hours, in places like
3. Production was further speeded up by the Bengaluru, Hyderabad and Gurgaon, where many
introduction of the assembly line. Each worker sat IT firms or call centres are located, shops and
along a conveyor belt and assembled only one part restaurants have also changed their working
of the final product. The speed of work could be hours, and are open late. If both husband and wife
set by adjusting the speed of the conveyor belt. work, then children have to be put in crèches.
During the 1980s, there was an attempt to shift The joint family, which was supposed to have
away from this system of direct control to indirect disappeared with industrialisation, seems to have
control, where workers are supposed to motivate re-emerged, as grandparents are roped in to help
and monitor themselves. But often we find that the with children.
old Taylorist processes survive. 9. One important debate going on is whether
4. Workers in textile mills, which are one of the industrialisation and the shift to services and
oldest industries in India, often described knowledge-based work like IT leads to greater skills
themselves as extensions of the machine. in society. We often hear the phrase ‘knowledge
Ramcharan, a weaver who had worked in the economy’ to describe the growth of IT in India.
Kanpur cotton mills since the 1940s, said, “You But how do you compare the skills of a farmer who
need energy. The eyes move, the neck, the legs has the skills to grow many hundreds of crops
and the hands, each part moves. Weaving is done relying on his or her understanding of the weather,
under a continuous gaze-one cannot go anywhere, the soil and the seeds, with the knowledge of a
the focus must be on the machine. When four software professional? Both are skilled but in
machines run, all four must move together, they different ways. The famous sociologist, Harry
must not stop.” Braverman, argues that the use of machinery
5. The more mechanised an industry gets, the fewer actually deskills workers. For instance, whereas
people are employed, but they too have to work at earlier, architects and engineers had to be skilled
the pace of the machine. For instance, in Maruti draughtsmen, now the computer does a lot of the
Udyog Ltd, two cars roll off the assembly line every work for them.
minute. Workers get only 45 minutes rest in the 1. Machinery creates the danger that
entire day-two tea breaks of 7 ½ minutes each and (a) it will extend the working hours of workers
one lunch break of half an hour. Most of them are (b) it may cause loss due to high cost
exhausted by the age of 40 and take voluntary (c) ultimately machines will replace workers and
retirement. cause unemployment
6. While production has gone up, the number of (d) faults in the machines may reduce production
permanent jobs in the factory has gone down. The 2. “The firm….” Pick the option in which the meaning
firm has outsourced all services such as cleaning of ‘firm’ is NOT the same as it is in the passage.
and security, as well as the manufacture of parts. (a) The firm openly traded in arms.
The parts suppliers are located around or near the (b) No human can repel a firm hope.
factory and send the parts every two hours, or (c) The firm needs more people of your calibre.
just-in-time. Outsourcing and just-in-time keeps (d) We subcontracted the work to a small engineering
costs low for the company, but the workers are firm.
very tense, because if the supplies fail to arrive, 3. Based on your understanding of the passage,
their production targets get delayed and, when choose the option that lists the correct sequence of
they do arrive, the workers have to work faster to information given in the passage.
keep up. No wonder they get exhausted. 1. Machinery deskills workers.
7. Now let us look at the services sector. Software 2. Joint family systems have come back.
professionals are middle class and well educated. 3. Mechanisation promotes unemployment.
Their work is supposed to be self-motivated and 4. Assembly line speeded the production.
creative. But it is also subject to Taylorist labour 5. Mahatma Gandhi was against mechanisation
processes. 10 to 12 hours is an average workday, (a) 1,2,3,4,5 (b) 2,3,4,1,5
and it is not uncommon for employees to stay (c) 3,4,1,2,5 (d) 5,4,3,2,1
4. On the assembly line, each worker Answers for Aristotle: How Science and Philosophy Can
(a) was given a boring job Lead Us to A More Meaningful Life (public library), which
(b) speeded up the work also gave us this provocative read on the science of what
(c) was timed with a stopwatch we call “intuition.”
(d) assembled only one part of the final product Philosophers and cognitive scientists agree that
5. Which of the following is CORRECT regarding friendship is an essential ingredient of human happiness.
Taylorism? But beyond the dry academic definitions — like, say,
(a) Taylorism organised activities leading to greater “voluntary interdependence between two persons over
production. time, which is intended to facilitate socio-emotional goals
(b) Taylorism broke down work into smaller units. of the participants, and may involve varying types and
(c) Taylorism promotes the use of assembly line. degrees of companionship, intimacy, affection and mutual
(d) Taylorism made everything time-driven. assistance”— lies a body of compelling research that sheds
6. Workers in textile mills described themselves as light on how, precisely, friendship augments happiness.
………… . The way friendship enhances well-being, it turns out, has
(a) being subjected to mental tension nothing to do with quantity and everything to do with
(b) extensions of the machine quality — researchers confirm that it isn’t the number of
(c) toys in the hands of the management friends (or, in the case of Facebook, “friends”).
(d) always moving with the machine
1. Name one change effected in the present situation
7. ……… keeps costs low for Maruti Udyog Ltd. which hassled to a re-thinking of the concept of
(a) The tension in the workers friendship
(b) Parts supplies failing to arrive (a) Bacon and Thoreau’s theories are no longer
(c) Short breaks for lunch and tea available to read
(d) Outsourcing and just-in-time (b) The arrival of social media on the scene
(c) There is more interest in the sciences
8. Pick the option showing the CORRECT use of the (d) Friendships are not possible in the real world
word ‘roped’. anymore, due to over-competition
(a) The baggage was properly roped up and conveyed
to the airport. 2. Friendship leads to happiness. Is it true?
(b) They roped him to a tree. (a) Yes, researches have proven that friendship does
(c) Denise roped me into selling tickets. lead to happiness
(d) The stairs were roped off. (b) No, there is no relationship between friendship
and happiness
9. The joint family seems to have re-emerged because (c) Friends cannot make each other happy
(a) grandparents are needed to look after children (d) One needs to find one’s happiness alone, with
(b) IT leads to greater skills in society peace of mind
(c) children have to be put in crèches
3. Did Pigluicci’s book discuss intuition too?
(d) shops and restaurants are open late
(a) No, it only discussed friendship
10. Who argues that machinery is responsible for (b) It explained science and philosophy
deskilling workers? (c) It discusses Aristotle’s theories
(a) Taylor (b) Harry Braverman (d) Yes
(c) Mahatma Gandhiji (d) Karl Marx
4. Is the quality of friends important?
(a) No, it is important to have more number of friends,
Passage 11 quality does not matter
“A principal fruit of friendship,” Francis Bacon wrote in (b) No, number of comments on social networking
his timeless meditation on the subject, “is the ease and sites is important, not the quality of friends
discharge of the fulness and swellings of the heart, which (c) Yes, it matter
passions of all kinds do cause and induce.” For Thoreau, (d) No, quality comes automatically with quantity
friendship was one of life’s great rewards. But in today’s 5. As per the first, paragraph what are the debates
cultural landscape of muddled relationships scattered about?
across various platforms for connecting, amidst constant (a) They are centered around whether our Facebook
debates about whether our Facebook “friendships” are friends are helping us become more or less happy
making us more or less happy, it pays to consider what (b) There are no debates around friendship
friendship actually is. That’s precisely what CUNY (c) The quality of comments of social media is
philosophy professor Massimo Pigliucci explores in debatable
(d) Thoreau and Aristotle’s thinking is at loggerheads
COMPREHENSION 45
Passage 12 2. The ISRO only launches other nations’ satellites?

(a) Yes, it generates revenue through launching
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO, foreign satellites only
/'ISROÉ/) is the space agency of the Government of India (b) No, it is involved in space and planetary
headquartered in the city of Bangalore. Its vision is to exploration
“harness space technology for national development (c) It deals with geographical spaces on earth
while pursuing space science research and planetary (d) It searches for aliens
exploration”.
3. India still uses foreign-made satellite launch
Formed in 1969, ISRO superseded the erstwhile Indian vehicles?
National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) (a) No, it has its own satellite launch vehicles
established in 1962 by the efforts of independent India’s (b) Yes
first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, and his close aide (c) Only India’s first satellite – Aryabhata – was
and scientist Vikram Sarabhai. The establishment of launched by the Soviet Union
ISRO thus institutionalized space activities in India. It is (d) None of the above
managed by the Department of Space, which reports to
4. From the third paragraph, choose a word which is
the Prime Minister of India. closest in meaning to ‘assistant’:
ISRO built India’s first satellite, Aryabhata, which was (a) Scientist (b) Aide
launched by the Soviet Union on 19th April 1975. It was (c) Independent (d) Institutionalised
named after the Mathematician Aryabhata. In 1980,
Rohini became the first satellite to be placed in orbit by an 5. Who was Aryabhata, according to the third
paragraph?
Indian-made launch vehicle, SLV-3. ISRO subsequently
(a) A scientist (b) A mathematician
developed two other rockets: the Polar Satellite Launch
(c) India’s prime minister (d) The head of ISRO
Vehicle (PSLV) for launching satellites into polar orbits
and the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV)
for placing satellites into geostationary orbits. These Passage 13
rockets have launched numerous communication The Indian Army is the land-based branch and the largest
satellites and earth observation satellites. Satellite component of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of
navigation systems like GAGAN and IRNSS have been India is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Army,
deployed. In January 2014, ISRO successfully used an and it is commanded by the Chief of Army Staff (COAS),
indigenous cryogenic engine in a GSLV-D5 launch of the who is a four-star general. Two officers have been
GSAT-14. conferred with the rank of field marshal, a five-star rank,
ISRO sent a lunar orbiter, Chandrayaan-1, on 22nd which is a ceremonial position of great honour. The
October 2008 and a Mars orbiter, Mars Orbiter Mission, Indian Army originated from the armies of the East India
on 5th November 2013, which successfully entered Mars Company, which eventually became the British Indian
orbit on 24th September 2014, making India the first Army, and the armies of the princely states, which finally
nation to succeed on its first attempt to Mars, and ISRO became the national army after independence. The units
the fourth space agency in the world as well as the first and regiments of the Indian Army have diverse histories
space agency in Asia to successfully reach Mars orbit. On and have participated in a number of battles and
18th June 2016 ISRO successfully set a record with a campaigns across the world, earning a large number of
launch of 20 satellites in a single payload, one being a battle and theatre honours before and after
satellite from Google. On 15th February 2017, ISRO Independence.
launched 104 satellites in a single rocket (PSLV-C37) and The primary mission of the Indian Army is to ensure
created a world record. ISRO launched its heaviest national security and national unity, defending the nation
rocket, Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle-Mark from external aggression and internal threats, and
III (GSLV-Mk III), on 5th June 2017 and placed a maintaining peace and security within its borders. It
communications satellite GSAT-19 in orbit. With this conducts humanitarian rescue operations during natural
launch, ISRO became capable of launching 4 ton heavy calamities and other disturbances, like Operation Surya
satellites. Hope, and can also be requisitioned by the government to
cope with internal threats. It is a major component of
1. Is the ISRO a private organisation?
national power alongside the Indian Navy and the Indian
(a) No, it is a government organization
Air Force. The army has been involved in four wars with
(b) Yes, it is a private organization
neighbouring Pakistan and one with China. Other major
(c) It used to be a government organization but not
anymore
operations undertaken by the army include: Operation
(d) It is a non-functional entity Vijay, Operation Meghdoot and Operation Cactus.
Apart from conflicts, the army has conducted large peace

time exercises like Operation Brasstacks and Exercise
Passage 14
Shoorveer, and it has also been an active participant in Born on Jan 12, 1863 in an affluent Bengali family,
numerous United Nations peacekeeping missions Narendra Natha Datta was a precocious child who was
including those in: Cyprus, Lebanon, Congo, Angola, what we call nowadays, an all-rounder, excelling in music,
Cambodia, Vietnam, Namibia, El Salvador, Liberia, studies and athletics. His father Vishwanatha Datta was a
Mozambique and Somalia. well-known attorney. However, he took the spiritual route
instead and introduced Hinduism to the world in 1893
The Indian Army has a regimental system, but is when he spoke at the World’s Parliament of Religion
operationally and geographically divided into seven (probably one of the most epic things any Indian has done
commands, with the basic field formation being a abroad!).
division.
The historic speech was given on September 11, 1893 by
It is an all-volunteer force and comprises more than 80% Swami Vivekananda. Here's the full text of his opening
of the country's active defence personnel. It is the 2nd and closing address:
largest standing army in the world, with 1,237,117 active
Sisters and Brothers of America,
troops and 960,000 reserve troops.
It fills my heart with joy unspeakable to rise in response to
The army has embarked on an infantry modernisation
the warm and cordial welcome which you have given us. I
programme known as Futuristic Infantry Soldier As a
thank you in the name of the most ancient order of monks
System (F-INSAS), and is also upgrading and acquiring in the world; I thank you in the name of the mother of
new assets for its armoured, artillery and aviation religions, and I thank you in the name of millions and
branches. millions of Hindu people of all classes and sects.
1. Is the chief of army a five-star general? My thanks, also, to some of the speakers on this platform
(a) Yes who, referring to the delegates from the Orient, have told
(b) No, he is a four-star general you that these men from far-off nations may well claim
(c) No, the field marshal is the five-star general the honor of bearing to different lands the idea of
(d) No, the chief of army is the president toleration. I am proud to belong to a religion which has
2. What is the basic field formation in the Indian taught the world both tolerance and universal
army? acceptance.
(a) The regiment We believe not only in universal toleration, but we accept
(b) The division all religions as true. I am proud to belong to a nation
(c) The infantry which has sheltered the persecuted and the refugees of
(d) Aviation all religions and all nations of the earth. I am proud to tell
3. Is the Indian army involved in any peace-making you that we have gathered in our bosom the purest
efforts? remnant of the Israelites, who came to Southern India
(a) no, it only involves itself in conflict situations and took refuge with us in the very year in which their
(b) It helps in rebuilding cities ravaged by wars holy temple was shattered to pieces by Roman tyranny. I
(c) Yes, it does involve itself in peace-making efforts am proud to belong to the religion which has sheltered
(d) It does not enter into conflict zones and is still fostering the remnant of the grand Zoroastrian
nation. I will quote to you, brethren, a few lines from a
4. Is the Indian army the only component of national hymn which I remember to have repeated from my
power?
earliest boyhood, which is every day repeated by millions
(a) Yes
of human beings: “As the different streams having their
(b) No, national power is a combination of the army,
the navy and the air force
sources in different paths which men take through
(c) No, the navy is the only component different tendencies, various though they appear, crooked
(d) No, all national power lies in the hands of the or straight, all lead to Thee.”
government The present convention, which is one of the most august
assemblies ever held, is in itself a vindication, a
5. Is the Indian army an ‘all-volunteer’ force?
declaration to the world of the wonderful doctrine
(a) No it is compulsory for every Indian above the age
of 18 to join the army preached in the Gita: “Whosoever comes to me, through
(b) Yes it is whatsoever form, I reach him; all men are struggling
(c) No, only the air force is all voluntary through paths which in the end lead to me.”
(d) No, the navy is all-voluntary Sectarianism, bigotry, and its horrible descendant,
fanaticism, have long possessed this beautiful earth.
COMPREHENSION 47
1. What was Vishwanatha Datta’s profession? 1. What is the urgent need of the world today?
(a) Attorney (b) Spiritual leader (a) The establishment of an international economic order
(c) Teacher (d) None of the above (b) The establishment of a world government
(c) The creation of a cultured international social
2. Who spoke at the World’s Parliament of Religion? order
(a) Narendra Nath Datta (b) Swami Vivekananda (d) The raising of an international spiritual army
(c) Both (d) None of these
2. What was the factor that set one man against
3. Give the opposite of the word “Occident” from the another?
second passage of the speech. (a) Material prosperity of certain people in the midst
(a) Delegate (b) Universal of grinding poverty
(c) Orient (d) Toleration (b) Superior physical strength of some persons
4. In the phrase: “all lead to Thee”, to whom does the (c) Colour of the skin or construction of the body
word ‘Thee’ refer? (d) Psychological barriers
(a) All religions 3. Which of the following problems has not
(b) The delegates present been mentioned in the passage as likely to be
(c) Universal brotherhood and peace solved with the establishment of a World
(d) God Government?
5. In the phrase: “I am proud to belong to a nation” – (a) Social problems (b) Political problems
what nation is the speaker referring to? (c) Cultural problems (d) Economic problems
(a) India (b) Southern India 4. What do the government of various countries do to
(c) Rome (d) America keep people of one country apart from those of
another?
Passage 15 (a) They create artificial barriers
What is immediately needed today is the establishment of (b) They create unnatural distinctions
(c) They foster unhealthy isolation
a World Government or an International Federation of
Mankind. It is the utmost necessity of the world today,
and all those persons who wish to see all human beings 5. What divide/divides people of one country against
happy and prosperous naturally feel it keenly. Of course, another?
at times, we all feel that many of our problems of our (a) Different religions
political, social and cultural life would come to an end if (b) Different languages
there were one Government all over the world. Travellers, (c) Material advancement of few nations with
businessmen, seekers of knowledge and teachers of imperialistic learnings
righteousness know very well that great impediments and (d) Government of various countries
obstructions are faced by them, when they pass from one
country to another, exchange goods, get information and Passage 16
make an effort to spread their good gospel among their The function of education is to prepare young people to
fellowmen. understand the whole process of life. The end of
In the past religious sects divided one set of people education is not merely to pass some examinations and
against another, colour of the skin or construction of the get a job and earn one’s livelihood. If education is to make
body set one against the other. But today when people understand life, then surely life is not merely a job
philosophical light has exploded the darkness that was or an occupation; life is something extraordinarily wide
created by religious differences and when the scientific and profound, it is a great mystery, a vast realm in which
knowledge has falsified the theory of social superiority we function as human beings. If we prepare ourselves
and when modern inventions have enabled human only to earn a livelihood, we shall miss the whole point of
beings of all religious views and of all races and colours to life. To understand life is much more important than to
come in frequent contact with one another, it is the get a degree or pass an examination for a job.
governments of various countries that keep people of one Life, with all its subtleties, is such a vast expanse. It has its
country apart from those of another. They create artificial extraordinary beauty, its sorrows and joys. It also has its
barriers, unnatural distinctions, unhealthy isolation, hidden things of the mind such as envies, ambitions,
unnecessary fears and dangers in the minds of common passions, fears, fulfilment and anxieties. The birds, the
men who by their nature want to live in friendship with flowers, the flourishing trees, the heavens, the stars, the
their fellowmen. But all these evils would cease to exist if rivers and the fishes therein all this is life. When we are
there were one government all over the world. young, we must seek and find out what life is all about.
Thus, we cultivate intelligence with the help of education. There was no such thing as a conflict between the
Intelligence is the capacity to think freely, without fear, individual and the State, atleast before foreign
without a formula, so that we begin to discover for governments became established, just as there was no
ourselves what is real and what is true. concept of state ‘sovereignty’ or of any church-and-state
Anyone who is gripped with fear will never be intelligent. dichotomy.
Most of us have fear in one form or another. Where there Modern Indian ‘secularism’ has an admittedly peculiar
is fear there is no intelligence. Thus, what education feature : it requires the state to make a fair distribution of
should do is to help us understand the need of freedom. attention amongst all religions. These blessed aspects of
Unless we are free we will not understand the whole India’s famed tolerance (Indian kings so rarely
process of living. When we are free we have no fear. We persecuted religious groups that the exceptions prove the
do not imitate but we discover. rule) at once struck the Portuguese and other European
1. What is effect of fear on humans? visitors to the West Coast of India in the sixteenth century
and the impression made upon them in this and other
(a) We are not able to develop our intelligence
(b) We think freely
ways gave rise, at one remove, to the basic Constitution of
(c) We see the vast expanse of life Thomas More’s Utopia.
(d) We understand life’s great mystery There is little about Modern India that strikes one at once
as Utopian : but the insistence upon the inculcation of
2. The aim of education is to make us realise the need of
norms and the absence of bigotry and institutionalised
(a) freedom (b) passing examinations
(c) jobs (d) understanding science
exploitation of human or natural resources are two very
different features which link the realities of India and her
3. When we are young we should tradition with the essence of all Utopians.
(a) seek the meaning of life
1. Which of the following is a special feature of the
(b) study and get a degree
Indian State?
(c) try for a good job
(d) study science (a) Peaceful co-existence of people under a common
system of leadership
4. Education helps us realise the (b) Peaceful co-existence of social-groups of different
(a) way to develop our career historical provenances attached to each other in a
(b) need for good health geographical, economic and political sense
(c) meaning of fear (c) Social integration of all groups
(d) necessity of freedom (d) Cultural assimilation of all social groups
5. The passage is about 2. The author uses the word ‘State’ to highlight
(a) education (b) freedom (a) antagonistic relationship between the state and
(c) intelligence (c) livelihood the individual throughout the period of history
(b) absence of conflict between the state and the
individuals upto a point in time
Passage 17 (c) the concept of state sovereignty
Traditional Indian values must both be viewed both from (d) dependence on religion
the angle of an individual and from that of a 3 Which one is the peculiar feature of modern Indian
geographically delimited agglomeration of people or ‘secularism’?
groups enjoying a common system of leadership which (a) No discrimination on religious considerations
we call the ‘State’. Indian State’s special feature is the (b) Total indifference to religion
peaceful, coexistence of social groups of various historical (c) No space for social identity
provenances which mutually adhere in a geographical, (d) Disregard for social law
economic and political sense, without ever assimilating to
4 The basic construction of Thomas More’s Utopia
each other in social terms, in ways of thinking, or even in
was inspired by
language.
(a) Indian tradition of religious tolerance
Modern Indian law will determine certain rules, (b) persecution of religious groups by Indian rulers
especially in relation to the regime of the family, upon the (c) social inequality in India
basis of how the loin-cloth is tied, or how the turban is (d) European perception of Indian state
worn, for this may identify the litigants as members of a
5 What is the striking feature of modern India?
regional group and therefore, as participants in its
(a) Replica of Utopian State
traditional law, though their ancestors left the region
(b) Uniform laws
three or four centuries earlier. The use of the word ‘State’ (c) Adherence to traditional values
above must not mislead us. (d) Absence of Bigotry
COMPREHENSION 49
(b) increasing efficiency, decreasing waste, and using

Passage 18 empirical methods to decide what matters, rather
Taylorism is a variation on the theme of efficiency; it is a than uncritically accepting pre-existing ideas of
late-19th-and-early-20th-century instance of the larger what matters
recurring theme in human life of increasing efficiency, (c) decreasing efficiency, increasing waste and using
decreasing waste, and using empirical methods to decide traditional methods for day-to-day decision.
what matters, rather than uncritically accepting pre-existing (d) decreasing efficiency, increasing waste, and
ideas of what matters. applying completely democratic pattern within the
organisation.
Taylor system is a theory of management that analyses
and synthesises workflows, improving labour productivity. 4. Scientific management
The core ideas of the theory were developed by Frederick (a) overlapped considerably with the efficiency
Winslow Taylor in the 1880s and 1890s, and were first movement, which was the broader cultural echo of
published in the monographs, shops management (1905) scientific management’s impact on business
managers specifically
and The Principles of Scientific Management (1911).
(b) overlapped considerably with the effectiveness
Frederick Taylor believed that decisions based upon movement which was the broader cultural echo of
tradition and rules of thumb should be replaced by scientific management’s impact on business
precise procedures developed after careful study of an managers specifically
individual at work. Its application is contingent on a high (c) overlapped considerably with the democatic
level of managerial control over employee work practices. movement, which was the broader cultural echo of
Thus, it is a chapter in the larger narrative that also scientific management’s impact on business
managers specifically
includes, for example, the folk wisdom of thrift, time and
motion study, Fordism, and lean manufacturing. (d) overlapped considerably with the autocratic
pattern, which was the broader cultural echo of
In management literature today, the greatest use of the scientific management’s impact on business
concept of Scientific Management (or Taylorism) is as a managers specifically
contrast to a new, improved way of doing business.
5. In political and sociological terms,
It overlapped considerably with the efficiency movement,
(a) overlapped considerably with the efficiency
which was the broader cultural echo of scientific movement, which was the broader cultural echo of
management’s impact on business managers specifically. scientific management’s impact on business
In political and sociological terms, Taylorism can be seen managers specifically
as the division of labour pushed to its logical extreme, (b) Taylorism can be seen as the division of labour
with a consequent de-skilling of the worker and pushed to its democratic pattern, with a
dehumanisation of the workplace. consequent de-skilling of the worker and
dehumanisation of the workplace.
1. Scientific management is a theory of management (c) Taylorism can be seen as the division of labour pushed
(a) that promotes the rule of thumb to its democratic pattern, with a perfect skilling of
(b) that promotes the democratic pattern in industrial the worker and humanisation of the workplace.
organisation
(c) that analyses and synthesises workflows, (d) Taylorism can be seen as the division of labour
improving labour productivity pushed to its logical extreme, with a consequent
(d) that promotes the unity of command within the de-skilling of the worker and dehumanisation of
organisation the workplace.
2. Frederick Taylor believed that

(a) decisions based upon tradition and rules of thumb Passage 19
should be replaced by precise procedures developed Human resource planning is strategy for acquisition,
after careful study of an individual at work. utilisation, improvement and preservation of the human
(b) decisions based upon precise procedures developed resources of an enterprise. The objective is to provide
after careful study of an individual at work should right personnel for the right work and optimum
be replaced by tradition and rules of thumb
utilisation of the existing human resources. It puts the
(c) strict discipline should be applied at the workplace
objectives of the organisation on paper and plans into the
(d) workers should be treated as a means of
productivity like machine
number and kind of personnel needed to accomplish
those objectives. Thus, HRP involves determination of
3. Taylorism is based on future manpower needs to help management in being
(a) decreasing efficiency, increasing waste, and using
upbeat. Manpower planning starts with examining the
empirical methods to decide what matters, rather
than uncritically accepting pre-existing ideas of overall objectives of the organisation. In fact, manpower
what matters plan should be integrated into the overall objectives.
The number of employees required to perform various 3. Supply forecast is also known as
operations will be derived from the objectives of the (a) manpower inventory (b) manpower analysis
organisation. Overall objectives of the organisation have (c) manpower planning (d) manpower forecasting
to be understood in order to draw a good manpower plan.
Manpower demand is the number of people required to 4. The objective of preparing manpower inventory is
handle the present jobs. (a) to find out the number and quality of manpower
prescribed by government and other industrial
Forecasting the demand for manpower is the process of regulating agencies
estimating the future quantity and quality of employees (b) to find out the number and quality of manpower
required. For instance, in a retail organisation, the required for future operations in the organisation
manpower demand is forecasted based on the work to be (c) to find out the number and quality of manpower
performed in every retail store. Obviously the long-term available in the market
corporate plans, budgets and annual plans would become (d) to find out the number and quality of manpower
basis for forecasting the demand for labour. Supply available within the organisation to employee in
forecast is also known as manpower inventory. various jobs identified in the organisation.
The objective of preparing manpower inventory is to find 5. Gap analysis is the process of
out the number and quality of manpower available within (a) identifying the total of the estimated number of
employees and actual number of employees
the organisation to employ in various jobs identified in the
available in the organisation
organisation. Development of supply of manpower data
(b) identifying the difference in the estimated number
relating to present human resources in terms of of employees and actual number of employees
components, number, designations and department wise available in the labour market
should be developed. Here potential losses in the existing (c) identifying the difference in the estimated number
manpower should be considered. of employees and actual number of employees
The loss of manpower arises out of voluntary retirements, available in the organisation
deaths, retirements, dismissals, layoffs, disablement due (d) identifying the required number of employees and
to ill health, accidents and other losses occurring due to actual number of employees available in the
poor attitude and low commitment to the organisation. organisation
Gap analysis is the process of identifying the difference in
the estimated number of employees and actual number of Passage 20
employees available in the organisation. This enables to ‘Desertification’ is a term used to explain a process of
determine the quantity and quality of manpower needed. decline in the biological productivity of an ecosystem,
This gap reveals the number of personnel to be recruited leading to total loss of productivity. While this
to fill the gaps. phenomenon is often linked to the arid, semi-arid and
1. Forecasting the demand for manpower sub-humid ecosystems, even in the humid tropics, the
(a) is the process of estimating the future quantity
impact could be most dramatic. Impoverishment of
and quality of employees required human-impacted terrestrial ecosystems may exhibit itself
(b) is the process of calculating current workforce in a variety of ways, such as accelerated erosion as in the
engaged in different operations in the organisation mountain regions of the country, salinisation of land as in
(c) is the process of estimating the critical situations, the semi-arid and arid ‘green revolution’ areas of the
that may occur during the production process country, for example, in Haryana and Western Uttar
(d) is the process of analysing the performance of the Pradesh, and site quality decline– a common
workers engaged in the organisation is past years phenomenon due to general decline in tree cover and
2. According to this passage, monotonous monoculture of rice/wheat across the Indian
(a) the number of employees required to perform plains.
various operations will be determined by the
A major consequence of deforestation is that it relates to
government
adverse alterations in the hydrology and related soil and
(b) the number of employees required to perform
various operations will be derived from the nutrient losses. The consequences of deforestation
objectives of the organisation invariably arise out of side degradation through erosive
(c) the number of employees required to perform losses. Tropical Asia, Africa and South America have the
various operations will be derived from the market highest levels of erosion.
forces The already high rates for the tropics are increasing at an
(d) the number of employees required to perform alarming rate (For example, through the major river
various operations will be determined by the Trade
systems, such as the Ganga and the Brahmaputra in the
Unions
Indian context), due to deforestation and ill-suited and
COMPREHENSION 51
management practices subsequent to forest clearing. In Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?
the mountain context, the declining moisture retention of (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
the mountain context, the declining moisture retention of (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
the mountain soils, drying up of the underground springs
4. Which of the following depicts the passage after
and smaller rivers in the Himalayan region could be
going through the paragraph?
attributed to drastic changes in the forest cover.
(a) Decline in the biological loss of productivity
An indirect consequence is drastic alteration in the (b) Total loss of the productivity of soil.
upland-lowland interaction, mediated through water. The (c) Combining (a) and (b)
current concern the tea planter of Assam has is about the (d) None of the above
damage to tea plantations due to frequent inundation
5. Which of the following sums up the site
along the flood-plains of Brahmaputra, and the damage to
desertification of the soil?
tea plantation and the consequent loss in tea productivity
(a) Soil degradation
is due to rising level of the river bottom because of
(b) Alternation in available water
siltation and the changing course of the river system. (c) Consequent decline in food and fodder
The ultimate consequences of site desertification are soil (d) All the above
degradation, alteration in available water and its quality,
and the consequent decline in food, fodder and fuel-wood Passage 21
yields essential for the economic well-being of rural
communities. The previous decade has reversed the presumptions
about development and more than anything else, it has
1. According to the passage, which of the following made it difficult to decide what is in store during the next
are the consequences of decline in forest cover? decade. However, there are some things about which one
1. Loss of topsoil can make claims with some confidence.
2. Loss of smaller rivers Firstly, education, health and productive employment are
3. Adverse effect on agricultural production the decisive factors for development and impartiality. We
4. Declining of groundwater believe that all these are the results of rapid economic
Select the correct answer using the code given development and to achieve these ends, development
below only can generate resources. In the present form, it will be
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4 best to view it as a better reason than as a result of
(c) 1 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4 development. In fact, in every case of successful
development, the evaluation of previous reforms in
2. Which of the following is/are the correct education, technical skills, health, existence and
inference/inferences that can be made from the
productive tasks are included.
passage?
Secondly, technical ability is a vital resource and explains
1. Deforestation can cause changes in the course of
rivers. the high ratio of development in production and trade as
2. Salinisation of land takes place due to human
compared to ratios of development in more traditional
activities only. factors, such as natural resources or capital formation.
There is no requisite capability in research. In fact,
3. Intense monoculture practice in plains is a
major reason for desertification in Tropical industrial momentum in a factory of farm is more
Asia, Africa and South America. important than the presence of a research organisation.
Select the correct answer using the code given Thirdly, essentially required environment also cannot be
below. ignored for a long time period, which is next only to the
(a) Only 1 issue of disarmament in the list of international issues. At
(b) Both 1 and 2 the national level, there has been a definite rise in
(c) Both 2 and 3 ignorance towards the environment due to development.
(d) None of the above is a correct inference In the context of India, at least two immediate factors
3. With reference to ‘desertification’ as described in increase the ratio mentioned above. The first one of these
the passage, the following assumptions have been is the rise in population level. By giving momentum to
made: expansion of population and the workforce, human
1. Desertification is a phenomenon is tropical resources development has achieved synergistic
areas only. importance. An increase in population is also a factor but
2. Deforestation invariably leads to floods and is not the most important one, which delineated
desertification. environmental decay in rural and urban areas.
Second, as a large country, we cannot make an

independent place for ourselves in the global system
Passage 22
without developing appropriate ability for the Though top leaders of the nationalist movement were the
development of one’s self-respect. In order to achieve this policy makers, the immediate day-to-day leadership was
objective, the achievement of technical skills is a decisive provided by the middle-class intellectuals. The rural
step. origin of the industrial labour force together with rampant
illiteracy and their simplistic docility attracted social
So far, we have taken human resource development,
workers, mainly drawn from the middle-class
technical and environmental issues as supporting factors
intellectuals. They had an obvious advantage. Not being
of the main part of the plan. Along with the expansion of
employees, the leaders were free from fear of
quality of basic infrastructure and targets of production
victimisation and immune towards the risks of leadership.
(tonnes of steel and kilowatt hours of electricity), other
Being generally well educated, they had a better
targets of capacity (kilometers) and other targets (number perspective and sense of organisation. They could see the
of schools and students, number of electrified villages), issue in broader context. They belonged to a higher social
known techniques, full use of natural resources and plane than the workers and with good education
maximum possible use of available financial resources intellectual development comparable to the best among
have been emphasised upon. the employers they could meet the employers on their
1. According to this passage, what has been own plane and carry on negotiations on an equal footing.
considered to be the most important by us out of According to Royal Commission on Labour in India, ‘the
the following? effect of this surge was enhanced by the political turmoil
(a) Basic facilities and increase in the number of which added to the prevailing feelings of unrest and
achieved targets. assured to provide willing leaders of a trade union
(b) Ideal use of available natural resources. movement’. But outside leadership had led to the
(c) Maximum use of available financial resources.
politicisation of the movement.
Politicisation of the labour movement in India
2. According to the author of the passage, whose contributed both to its strength and weakness. While
effect, out of the following is felt at the national economic hardship was present all along as a latent force,
level? the major impetus for growth of unionism was primarily
(a) Expansion of workforce of high quality provided by major political currents, particularly the
(b) Lack of care and activism for the protection of movement for national independence.
environmental resources
(c) Continuous decay of technical potentialities in
For the zeal and the organising ability, which the leaders
urbanised countries of the nationalist movement brought to bear upon the
(d) Emphasis on a slower pace of disarmament as Indian. Trade Union Movement, it would not have gained
compared to disarmament in other nations the dimensions and the position it had by 1909 within a
decade of its formal start.
3. According to the author of the passage, which of
the following factors is of synergistic importance? 1. Leadership to Trade Union was provided by
(a) Population growth middle-class intellectuals in India because
(b) Workforce (a) they were the active participants in the nationalist
(c) Human resource development movement.
(d) None of the above (b) they were literates among the workers.
(c) they were able to negotiate with employers on
4. Which of the following areas has not been equal terms.
included among various ‘targets’ mentioned in the (d) the workers did not want any one among them to
passage? be their leader.
(a) Maximum use of financial resources
(b) Electricity production 2. During the early years, Trade Union Movement
(c) Population growth gained greater dimensions because
(d) Number of schools and children (a) the workers accepted outside leaders
(b) it started along with the independence movement
5. Which of the following can be the most suitable (c) the leaders were well educated with broad
title of the passage? perspectives
(a) Potential obstacles in economic development. (d) the leaders were devoted to the welfare of workers
(b) Main factors of development.
3. The word ‘surge’ in the passage means
(c) Targets in development process.
(d) Role of population growth in development. (a) decrease (b) support
(c) increase (d) slowness
COMPREHENSION 53
4. What could be the reason for workers not coming 1. Raymond Moley advocated management’s
forward to take up the leadership in Trade Union responsibility to
Movement in the early years? (a) owners of organisation only
(a) Lack of time (b) Illiteracy (b) owners and employees only
(c) Fear of victimisation (d) Risk in leadership (c) owners, public and labour
(d) owners, public, labour and customers
leadership primarily led to the politicisation of the 2. Which of the following is not a part of corporate
movement? social responsibility?
(a) Inside leadership (b) Outside leadership (a) Controlling prices of prevent inflation
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Illiterate leadership (b) Training of employees
(c) Acting upon pollution related problems
(d) Jeopardising the security of nation
Passage 23
3. Corporate social responsibility comprises of
For years the managerial philosophers had called
(a) Moral obligations of an organisation
management’s attention to its total responsibility. They
(b) Social obligations of an organisation
indications of a moral oughtness we there, they stressed.
(c) Moral and social obligations of an organisation
As Stewards for stockholders, managers had a prime to (d) None of the above
the employees, the customers, and the community–along
with their well-recognised responsibility to the owners. 4. Abraham is of the opinion that
(a) it is difficult to satisfy variously interested groups
By and large, these early pronouncements apparently fell
(b) job management is to conduct affairs of enterprise
on deaf ears. By the mid-thirties, however, heartening
(c) there should be a balance among the interested groups
signs began to appear. In 1937, for example, Raymond
Moley declared that while management remained legally
and ethically a primary agent of the investors, its 5. In view of Lapham, management must take care of
secondary responsibility to the public and labour had (a) investors only
become relatively greater. (b) stockholders and employees only
(c) stockholders, public and customers only
Four years later, Roger D Lapham asserted that in the (d) stockholders, customers, public and employees
narrow sense of the past, management had been
considered solely responsible to its ownership–its
stockholders–but there was a growing conviction that in
Passage 24
the broader sense management’s duty to its customers, to Modern biotechnology, especially, the creation of
the public, and to its employees came first. Genetically Modified (GM) crops is often presented as a
magical solution or universal panacea for the problems of
By 1951, this view was well established, and Frank
poverty, inadequate nutrition and even environmental
Abraham’s writing in the Harvard Business Review
degradation across the world. Conversely, there are
enunciated the new philosophy when he indicated that
people who present the picture of tech-generated monster
the job of management was to conduct the affairs of the
and major human health hazards being created by
enterprise in such a way as to maintain an equitable
science. Many of the technological changes currently being
balance among the claims of the variously interested
utilised in agriculture can have unforeseen consequences,
group. In the mid-sixties and early seventies, we have and their safety and future viability are far from secure.
again recognised changes in philosophy that reflect
management’s gradual assumption of its moral and social The reality, as always, is far more complex than either of
these two extremes. Even today, the total food production
obligation of good corporate citizenship.
in the world is adequate to feed the hungry of the world.
We see it, for example, in management’s assuming its The problems is rather one of unequal distribution, a
social responsibility by cooperating with the federal large part of the population of developing countries
government in withholding goods from countries if those engaged in agriculture, face many problems, such as lack
goods would jeopardise our national security; in of infrastructure, poor or unstable market access, volatile
maintaining prices at a level consistent with a healthy input and output prices, etc.
economy, not raising them to a point considered critically These issues cannot be addressed by biotechnology as their
inflationary; in training the unemployed; in cleaning up solution is a far cry. It is true that transgenic plants can
city ghettos; and in recognising and acting upon pollution offer a range of benefits (more effective pest resistance of
problems. More examples could be cited, but the point of seeds and crops through genetically controlled methods
the broadened view taken by management of its total and leads to improved yield), which are above and beyond
responsibility has been made. those that emerged from more traditional innovations.
A basic question, of course, is whether the new GM 2. The problem of hunger in the world is not due to
technology is safe, and whether this is absolutely crucial inadequate production of food but due to unequal
since the effect may only be known much later. The jury is distribution of it.
still very much out on this matter and the controversy 3. Many developing countries have banned
does not appear to resolve quickly. The trouble is that genetically modified products as developed
most governments in developing countries have relatively countries have been using such countries as
low food and beverage regulatory standards and public dumping groups for new genetically modified
systems for monitoring and surveillance of such products.
standards are either poor or non-existent. This leaves (a) Only (1) (b) Only (2)
them open for entry and even dumping of a range of (c) Both (2) and (3) (d) Both (1) and (3)
agricultural products of new technology, which may not
pass the regulatory standards in more developed Passage 25
countries.
It should be remembered that the Nationalist Movement
1. Which of the following is true in context of the in India, like all nationalist movements was essentially a
passage? bourgeois movement. It represented the natural historical
(a) Genetically modified crops have been universally stage of development and to consider it or to criticise it, as
recognised as a solution to poverty and
a Working Class Movement is wrong.
environmental degradation.
(b) The only way to improve the deficit in food Gandhi represented that movement and the Indian
requirement and food production in world is by masses in relation to the movement to a supreme degree
adapting genetically modified crops. and he became the voice of Indian people to that extent.
(c) Genetically modified crops produce more yield as The main contribution of Gandhi to India and the Indian
compared to yield from traditional methods. masses has been through the powerful movements that
(d) Taking advantage of the absence of regulatory he launched through the National Congress.
standards, scientists have been dumping new
products in the market without appropriate Through nation-wide action, he sought to mould the
approval. millions and largely succeeded in doing so. He changed
them from a demoralised, timid and hopeless mass,
2. Choose the word/group of words which is most
similar in meaning to open in the context of the bullied and crushed by every dominant interest and
passage? incapable of resisting tyranny, and capable of united
(a) Vulnerable (b) Capable action and sacrifice for a larger cause.
(c) Threatened (d) Uncertain Gandhi made people think of political and economic
3. Choose the word/group of words which is most issues and every village and every bazaar hummed with
opposite in meaning to VOLATILE as used in the argument and debate on the new ideas and hopes that
passage? filled the people.
(a) Never-ending (b) Valuable That was an amazing psychological change. The time was
(c) Irreversible (d) Stable ripe for it, of course, and circumstances and world
4. The author of the given passage seems to be conditions worked for this change. However, a great
definitely leader was necessary to take the advantage of those
(a) suggesting the use of traditional methods of circumstances and conditions. Gandhi was that leader
agriculture as against biotechnological by developing and he released many bonds that imprisoned and
countries owing to their poor regulatory standards. disabled our minds and none of us who experienced it can
(b) in favour of utilising biotechnology as a tool for the ever forget that great feeling of release and exhilaration
alleviation of poverty in the world. that came over the Indian people.
(c) urging the policy markers to improve infrastructural
facilities so that farmers can maximize the benefits Gandhi has palyed a revolutionary role of greatest
of genetically modified crops. importance in India because he knew how to make the
(d) unconvinced of the long-term effects and rationale most of the objective conditions and could reach the heart
for immediate requirement of genetically modified of the masses, whereas groups with a more advanced
products ideology functioned largely in air because they did not fit
5. Why, according to the author, is genetic in with those conditions and could, therefore, not evoke
modification of crops not an answer to the problem any substantial response from the masses.
of hunger in the world? It is perfectly true the Gandhi, functioning in nationalist
1. People being highly doubtful of the long-term plane, did not think in terms of the conflict of classes,
effects of genetically modified crops of not buy trying to compose their differences. However, the actions
the products grown by such methods. he indulged in and taught the people have inevitably
COMPREHENSION 55
raised mass consciousness tremendously the made social Through school and social mapping, we must address the
issues vital. Gandhi and the Congress must be judged by entire gamut of social, economic, cultural and indeed
the policies they pursued and the action they indulged in. linguistic and pedagogic issues, factors that prevent
But behind this, personality counts and colours those children from weaker sections and disadvantaged groups,
policies and activities. In case of very exceptional people as also girls, from regularly attending and complementing
like Gandhi, the question of personality becomes elementary education. The focus must be on the poorest
especially important in order to understand and appraise and most vulnerable since these groups are the most
him. To us, he represented the spirit and honour of India, disempowered and at the greatest risk of violation or
the yearning of her sorrowing millions to be rid of their denial of their right to education.
innumerable burdens and an insult to him by the British The right to education goes beyond free and compulsory
Government or others was as insult to India and her education to include quality education for all. Quality is
people. an integral part of the right to education.
1. Which one of the following is true of the given If the education process lacks quality, children are being
passage? denied their right. The Right of Children to Free and
(a) The passage is a critique of Gandhi’s role in Indian Compulsory Education Act lays down that the curriculum
movement for independence. should provide for learning through activities, exploration
(b) The passage hails the role of Gandhi in India’s and discovery. This places an obligation on us to change
freedom movement.
our perception of children as passive receiver of
(c) The author is neutral on Gandhi’s role in India’s
knowledge and to move beyond the convention of using
freedom movement.
textbooks as the basis of examinations. The teaching-
(d) It is an account of Indian National Congress’s learning process must become stress-free and a massive
support to the Working Class Movement.
programme for curricular reform should be initiated to
2. The change that the Gandhian movement brought provide for child-friendly learning system, that is more
among the Indian masses was relevant and empowering. Teacher accountability
(a) physical (b) cultural systems and processes must ensure that children are
(c) technological (d) psychological learning and that their right to learn in a child-friendly
3. To consider the Nationalist Movement or to environment is not violated. Testing and assessment
criticise it as a Working Class Movement was systems must be reexamined and redesigned to ensure
wrong because it was a that these do not force children to struggle between
(a) historical movement school and tuition centres, and bypass childhood.
(b) voice of the Indian people 1. Which one of the following does depict the school in
(c) bourgeois movement
the best possible manner?
(d) movement represented by Gandhi
(a) Through school and school mapping.
4. Gandhi played a revolutionary role in India (b) The focus must be on the poorest sections of society.
because be could (c) Both (a) and (b)
(a) preach morality (d) None of the above
(b) reach the hearts of Indians
(c) see the conflict of classes
(d) lead the Indian National Congress
is/are of paramount importance under the Right to
Education?
5. Groups with advanced ideology functioned in air as 1. Sending of children to school by all parents.
they did not fit in with
2. Provision of adequate physical infrastructure in
(a) objective conditions of masses schools.
(b) the Gandhian ideology 3. Curricular reforms for developing child-friendly
(c) the class consciousness of the people learning system.
(d) the difference among masses
Select the correct answer using the codes given
below.
Passage 26 (a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2
It is no longer enough for us to talk about providing for (c) Only 3 (d) None of these
universal access to education. Making available schooling
3. With reference to the above passage, the following
facilities is an essential prerequisite, but it is insufficient
assumptions have been made:
to ensure that all children attend school and participate
in the learning process. The school may be there, but 1. The Right to Education guarantees teacher’s
accountability for the learning process of
children may not attend or they may drop out after a few
children.
months.
2. The Right to Education guarantees 100% 1. What have the religious teachers taught in the past?
enrolment of children in the schools. (a) That man is made up of body only.
3. The Right to Education intends to take full (b) That man is made up of soul only.
advantage of demographic dividend. (c) That man is made up of bubbles.
Which of the above assumption(s) is/are valid? (d) That man is made up of body and soul together.
(a) Only 1 (b) 2 and 3 2. According to the passage, what is food for the soul?
(c) Only 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3
(a) Bread (b) Virtue
4. According to the passage, which one of the (c) Vice (d) Education
following critical in bringing quality in education? 3. The following philosophers are mentioned in the
(a) Ensuring regular attendance of children as well as paragraph.
teachers in school.
1. Jesus 2. Gautama Buddha
(b) Giving pecuniary benefits to teachers to motivate
3. St. Ambrose 4. Thomas Carlyle
them.
5. St. Basil
(c) Understanding the socio-cultural background of
children. Which of the following depicts the correct order as
(d) Inculcating learning through activities and they appear in the paragraph?
discovery. (a) (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5)
(b) (1), (3), (4), (5) and (2)
5. What is the essential message in this passage? (c) (1), (2), (3), (5) and (4)
(a) The Right to Education now is a fundamental right (d) (2), (1), (3), (4) and (5)
(b) The Right to Education enables the children of
poor and weaker sections of the society to attend 4. Intellectual pursuits have been neglected because
schools. 1. They are unnecessary and superfluous.
(c) The Right to Free and Compulsory Education 2. They make people dwarf.
should include quality education for all.
3. They lead people to hell.
(d) The government as well as parents should ensure
that all children attend schools. (a) Only (1) is correct
(b) Only (2) is correct
(c) Only (3) is correct
Passage 27 (d) Only (1) and (2) are correct
Some religious leaders have taught that man is made up
of a body and soul, but they have been silent about 5. The style of the passage is
intellect. Their followers try to feed to the body to earth (a) Narrative (b) Expository
and save the soul from perdition after death-but they (c) Critical (d) Analytical
neglected the claims of the mind. Bread for the body and
virtue for the soul, these are regarded as indispensable Passage 28
requisites of human welfare. Nothing is said about A great deal of the world’s work is neither producing
knowledge and education. material things nor altering the things that Nature
Thus, Jesus Christ spoke of feeding the hungry, healing produces, but doing services of one sort or another.
the sick and converting the sinners, but he never taught Thoughtless people are apt to think a brickmaker more of
the duty of teaching an ignorant and increasing scientific a producer than a clergyman. When a village carpenter
knowledge. He himself was not a well-educated man and makes a gate to keep cattle out of a field of wheat, he has
intellectual pursuits were beyond his horizon.
something solid in his hand which he can claim for his
Gautama Buddha also laid stress on morality, meditation own until the farmer pays him for it. But when a village
and asceticism, but he did not attach great importance to boy makes a noise to keep the birds off, he has nothings to
history, science, art or literature. St. Ambrose deprecated show, though the noise is just as necessary as the gate.
scientific studies and wrote, ‘To discuss the nature and
position of the earth does not help us in our hope for life The postman does not make anything ..... The policeman
to come’. St. Basil said very frankly and foolishly, ‘It is not does not make anything ..... The doctor makes pills
a matter of interest to us whether the earth is a sphere, a sometimes; but that is not his real business, which is to
cylinder or a disc’. tell you when you ought to take pills, and what pills to
take, unless indeed he has the good sense to tell you not
Thomas Carlyle also followed the Christian tradition and
declared that he honoured only two kinds of men and no take them at all, and you have the good sense to believe
third, i.e., the manual labourer and the religious teacher. him, when he is giving you good advice instead of bad.
He forgot the scientist, the scholar and the artist. The The lawyer does not make anything substantial ..... They
cynics of Greece despised education at last. are all in service.
COMPREHENSION 57
1. Thoughtless people think a brickmaker more of a Some countries, in order to circumvent the problem,
producer than a clergyman because have allocated large amount of land to animal reserves.
(a) a clergyman is an idler They then charge admission fees to help defray the costs
(b) a brickmaker produces something solid which he of maintaining the parks, and they often must also
can keep with him till he gets its price depend on world organisations for support. With the
(c) a brickmaker, being physically stronger than a money get, they can invest in equipment and patrols to
clergyman, can naturally produce more protect the animals. Another solution that is an attempt to
(d) he cannot understand the philosophical lectures of stem the tide of animal extinction is an international
the clergyman boycott of products made from endangered species. This
2. According to the author of the passage, a large seems fairly effective, but it will not, by itself, prevent
number of persons : animals from being hunted and killed.
(a) are producing material things
1. What is the author’s main concern in this passage ?
(b) are altering the things that Nature produces
(a) Problems of industrialisation
(c) are doing nothing in particular
(b) The Bengal tiger
(d) offer services
(c) Endangered species
3. The writer thinks that : (d) Callousness of man
(a) both the doctor and the patient are sensible when
2. According to the passage, poachers kill for :
one makes pills and the other buys them
(b) the doctor is sensible and the patient is insensible (a) material gain
(c) the doctor is insensible and the patient is (b) personal satisfaction
insensible (c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) both the doctor and the patient make sense when (d) None of the above
the doctor tells not to take the pills and the patient 3. Which of the following words is closest in meaning
believes him to the bold word ‘alarming’?
4. The writer’s description of the doctor’s business : (a) Serious (b) Dangerous
(a) strengthens the main argument of the passage (c) Distressing (d) Frightening
because the doctor’s business is to make pills 4. Certain species are becoming extinct because of :
(b) is irrelevant to the main argument of the passage
(a) industrialisation
(c) weakens the main argument of the passage
(b) poaching
(d) illustrates the difference between producing
(c) love of products made from them
something and offering a service
5. The word ‘substantial’ in the passage means
5. The Phrase ‘Stem the tide’ means :
(a) of no importance (b) of considerable importance
(a) save (b) stop
(c) of no value (d) of low price
(c) touch (d) spare
Passage 29
Passage 30
Since the world has become industrialised, there has
been an increase in the number of animal species that Many people believe that science and religion are
have either become extinct or have neared extinction. contrary to each other. But this notion is wrong. As a
Bengal tiger, for instance, which once roamed the jungle matter of fact, both are complementary to each other.
in vast numbers, now number only 2300 and by the year The aim of both these institutions is to explain different
2025 their population is estimated to be down to zero. aspects of life, universe and human existence. There is no
What is alarming about the case of Bengal tiger is that doubt that the methods of science and religion are
this extinction will have been caused almost entirely by different. The method of science is observation,
poachers who according to some sources, are not experimentation and experience. Science takes its
interested in material gain but in personal gratification. recourse to progressive march towards perfection; the
This is an example of the callousness that is part of what rules of religion are faith, intuition and spoken word of
is causing the problem of extinction. Animals like the the enlightened; in general, while science is inclined
Bengal tiger, as well as, those belonging to other towards reason and rationality, spiritualism is the essence
endangered species, are a valuable part of the world’s of religion.
ecosystem. International laws protecting these animals In earlier times when man appeared on earth, he was
must be enacted to ensure their survival, and the survival over-awed at the sight of violent and powerful aspects of
of our planet. Countries around the world have begun to nature. In certain cases, the usefulness of different
deal with the problem in various ways. natural objects of nature overwhelmed man.
Thus began the worship of forces of nature-fire, the sun,

the rivers, the rocks, the trees, the snakes, etc. The holy
Passage 31
scriptures were written by those who had developed The conservative is not an extreme individualist. He may
harmony between external nature and their inner self. be willing to concede numerous arguments of the
Their object was to ennoble, elevate and liberate the unqualified individualists, for his own respect, for the
human spirit and mind. But the priestly class took upon dignity of the individual is not surpassed by that of any
itself the monopoly of scriptural knowledge and man. Yet, he cannot agree to the full implications of
interpretation to its own advantage. Thus the entire individualism, which is based so he thinks, on an
human race was in chains. Truth was flouted and incorrect appraisal of man, society, history, and
progressive, liberal and truthful ideas or ideas expressing government. In his own way, the individualist is as much
doubt and skepticism were suppressed and their holders a perfectionist as the Socialist, and with perfectionism the
punished. It was in these trying circumstances, the conservative can have no truck.
science emerged as a saviour of mankind. But its path was In particular, the conservative refuses to go all the way
not smooth and safe. The scientists and free thinkers with economic individualism. His distrust of unfettered
were tortured. This was the fate of Copernicus, Galileo, man, his recognition to groups, his sense of the
Bruno and others. But, by and by science gained ground. complexity of the social process, his recognition of the
1. Why does man worship the force of nature? real services that government can perform– all these
(a) The holy scriptures advocate the worship of forces sentiments make it impossible for him to subscribe to the
of nature dogmas and shibboleths of economic individualism :
(b) The worship elevates and liberates the human laissez-faire, the negative state, enlightened self-interest,
spirit and mind the law of supply and demand, the profit motive. The
(c) The worship makes man believe in faith and conservative may occasionally have kind word for each of
intuition these notions, but he is careful to qualify his support by
(d) Forces of nature reach us spiritualism
stating other, more important social truths. For example,
2. Which of the following statements is true in the he does not for a moment deny the prominence of the
context of the passage? profit motive, but he insists that it be recognised for the
(a) Science and religion are antagonistic to each other selfish thing it is and be kept within reasonable, socially
(b) Science encourages worshipping of nature imposed limits.
(c) Religion is essential for external peace and
harmony 1. The conservative is
(d) Regimental religion was replaced by scientific (a) a perfectionist (b) an economist
principles (c) a socialist (d) None of these
3. According to the passage, science and religion 2. The conservative is against Economic
both : Individualism for all the following reasons except:
(a) rely on the spoken word of the enlightened (a) he does not trust free men
(b) emerged out of the fear of man (b) he believes in the authority of the government
(c) emerged from the desire of man to worship the (c) he believes in groups
forces of nature (d) he feels that social processes are important
(d) employ different methods of enquiry
3. The author mentions all the following catchwords
4. Why is it said in the passage that, ‘science emerged of economic individualism except:
as a saviour of mankind’? (a) free trade (b) the profit motive
(a) Many great thinkers contributed to the progress of (c) balance of trade (d) the negative state
science
(b) Science takes recourse to progressive march 4. Which of the following words can replace the bold
towards perfection word ‘truck’ ?
(c) Science is inclined towards reason and rationality (a) Dealing (b) Bargain
(d) Man was bound in chains by religious orthodoxy (c) Debate (d) Transport
5. Which of the following statements is not true in the 5. Which of the following statements is true ?
context of the passage? (a) The socialist and the individualist tend to be
(a) Man worships the forces of nature broadly similar in their views
(b) Methods of science and religion are different (b) The conservative believes that profit motive
(c) Regimental religion got degenerated into originates in selfishness
orthodoxy (c) The conservative is also an extreme individualist
(d) Galileo and Bruno were disciples of Copernicus (d) None of the above
COMPREHENSION 59
Passage 32 4. Baconian liberal education is

(a) a lofty and ideal fantasy
All great thinkers live and move on a high plane of (b) instrumental in making human being rule over
thought. It is only there, they can breathe freely. It is only their destiny
in contact with spirits like themselves they can live (c) an engagement with the intricacies of the
harmoniously and attain that serenity which comes from day-to-day life
ideal companionship. (d) equivalent to ancient ideas of sublimity
The studies of all great thinkers must range along the 5. According to the passage, our sublime discontent is
highest altitudes of human thought. I have always due to
thought that the strongest argument in favour of the (a) realisation of our lack of contact with God
Baconian theory was, that no man, however, indubitable (b) acute sense of loneliness in a hostile world
his genius, could have written the play and sonnets that (c) possibility of immortality through some channels
have come down to us under Shakespeare’s own name to God and inability to get hold of it
who had not the liberal education of Bacon. (d) the contrast between the ideals in great literature
and their opposite in the real life
The magnificent ideals that have ever haunted the
human mind and given us our highest proofs of a future
immortality by reason of the impossibility of their Passage 33
fulfillment here, are splintered into atoms by contact with There is a common thread running through the
life’s realities. Hence, comes our sublime discontent. A unravelling of India’s statistical system. A modern
habitual mediation on the vast problems that underline economy with sound institutions is characterised by
human life and are knit into human destinies-thoughts of timely dissemination of credible data. A long-term policy
immortality, of the littleness of mere man, of the needs an empirical basis and issues of veracity of data will
greatness of man’s soul, of the splendor of the universe influence investment decisions. In a country with a large
that are invisible to the ordinary traffickers in the street, population of youth, data on national development,
as the vastness of St. Peter’s is to the spinder that weaves especially in core sectors like agriculture, industry,
her web in a corner of the dome-these things do not fit health, education and employment, will be critical. Here
men to understand the average human being, or tolerate comes the role of National Statistical Commission, a body
with patience the sordid wretchedness of the created to establish standards.
unregenerated masses. Questioning the data veracity is a global phenomenon.
It is easy to understand, therefore, why such thinkers fly The official narrative is always questioned by the people
to the solitude of their own thoughts, or the silent on the other side of the fence. Dissemination of economic
companionship of the immortals and if they care to data is essential to reach out to the public who lived their
present their views in prose or verse to the world, that reality. Lack of data will adversely impact the quality of
these views take a sombre and melancholy setting from national policies. India must start strengthening
‘the pale caste of thought’ in which they were institutions such as the Central Statistical Commission.
engendered. These institutions must be granted autonomy and
insulated from external interferences. Enhanced
1. Great thinkers are content to live
operational autonomy will make their work credible. An
(a) amidst crises of civilisations
indicator of operational autonomy is their ability to stick
(b) in lofty thoughts with exceptional calm
(c) at high altitudes in order to be away from society
to a dissemination calendar regardless of what the data
(d) with complexities of and find solutions to them indicates.
2. Why do great thinkers love solitude? 1. What is important for a modern economy?
(a) To be in pursuit of the ideal in the company of (a) A common thread
immortals (b) Dissemination of credible data
(b) To spend time in peace (c) Unravelling of statistical system
(c) Because they are misanthropists (d) Selective distribution of data
(d) Because the world is unhealthy for them
2. What is the work of National Statistical
3. Immortality is the crucial idea constantly being Commission?
explored by (a) Establishing standards
(a) Ordinary traffickers (b) Questioning data veracity
(b) Great thinkers (c) Questioning official narrative
(c) Gods who appear to the thinkers (d) Supporting the public perception
(d) Scientists
3. What does the passage ultimately suggest to 2. According to John Merrill, seeking improvement in
National Statistical Commission? media, is
(a) Restricting policy decisions (a) appropriate (b) well-intentioned
(b) Critically examining data veracity (c) inevitable (d) self-serving
(c) Stick to a calendar of data dissemination 3. The passage critically analyses
(d) Support development in core sectors
(a) operation of journalists
4. Investment decision are impacted by (b) mandate for government
(a) youth population (c) social responsibility theory of media
(b) national development (d) regimented autonomy of journalists
(c) issues of data veracity 4. Some scholars consider social responsibility aspect
(d) establishment of national institutes of media as
5. How can the quality of national policies be (a) negative freedom (b) pluralism
improved? (c) democratisation of media(d) authoritarianism
(a) By living in reality 5. Positive freedom means
(b) By supporting external interferences (a) grounded thought
(c) By controlling autonomous institutions (b) pursuing certain set goals
(d) By enhanced operational freedom (c) freedom with conditions
(d) providing identified means
Perhaps what bothered the media in 1970s was the shift
Michelangelo is famous for having successfully
in liberty being suggested. For centuries, journalists had
interpreted the human body. His great achievement is
operated on the basis of negative liberty, or freedom from
that of the painting of David whose hands reach out as a
external restraints. Suddenly, however, the thrust was
sign of human capability and potential. It is assumed that
positive freedom, a freedom for pursuit of some
the time he lived was ripe for exchange of knowledge,
predetermined goals. This new social responsibility seems
development in science and matured enough to advance
grounded on a school of thought that sees negative liberty
the horizon of investigation in all fields. Renaissance
as insufficient and ineffective, somewhat like telling
humanism stressed on a serious rethink on the nature of
people they are free to walk without first making sure they
art that focussed on accurate details. In painting and
are not crippled.
sculpture, artists focussed on not so casual but verifiable
Who better than government is able to provide humanity and minute details. Michelangelo’s paintings are no
with appropriate means? exception to it. In a study published in the journal of the
Government, even a democratic government, is seen by Royal Society of Medicine, a group of surgeons are of the
social responsibility adherents as the only force strong opinion that the great master was “afflicted by an illness
enough to guarantee effective operation of freedom. This involving his joints.” They have used his portraits as
does not mollify observers who find social responsibility to evidence to argue their view. During his life, he
be only slightly disguised version of authoritarianism. complained of what he felt to be ‘gout’. Later he
Media philosopher John Merrill has been one of the most complained of his sore and stiff hands which the doctors
outspoken critics of the theory. would find to be natural for someone who was engaged in
To him, the proposition that pluralism of ideas should be handmade art. The doctors found corroboration of those
governmentally mandated is ludicrous. Journalists, he claims in portraits of the artist that show a hanging left
says, must retain their freedom to make their own news hand with both degenerative and non-degenerative
and editorial judgements. Even well-intentioned attempts changes. They attribute the pain not just to arthritis, but
by outside groups seeking media improvement are to the stress of hammering and chiselling and note that
self-serving, and inevitably lessen the autonomy of though the master was seen hammering days before his
journalists, Merrill maintains. This leads us to the issue of death at an old age, he did not write or sign his own letters
media autonomy. before his death. In recent times, there have been
attempts to diagnose famous artists with diseases that
1. What was the basis of the operation of journalists were not known during their time. This practice has
earlier? raised many questions, especially on the issue of ethics in
(a) Freedom of limited choices research. It is also inferred from authentic analysis that
(b) Social responsibility Michelangelo persisted in his work until his last days.
(c) Free from outside pressure
This theory would emphasise that his artistic subject
(d) Government control
defied his physical infirmities.
COMPREHENSION 61
1. What generalisation do people subscribe to? The main goal at this stage is to take off to a good start and
(a) Establishing facts by DNA tests make a place in the market. The next stage, the early
(b) Inferring the essence of character from famous growth phase, aims at increased sales and more
people’s handwriting development. The focus at this stage remains on the
(c) Carbon dating of the hair of celebrities to draw original product or service but the effort is to increase the
conclusion on their physical structure market share and venture into related products or
(d) To retroactively diagnose famous artists and public services.
figures of conditions that were not prevalent
during their time The main goal is to move the founder to a more
managerial role so more time is spent on managing and
2. Renaissance painting in Europe was sceptical of building the business. At this stage, documents and
(a) the obsessive medieval method of accuracy policies need to be developed so any member of the
(b) the classical simplicity and lack of control
organisation can see the business any time.
(c) the case and decorative excess of earlier art
(d) expressionist technique The third stage, the continuous growth stage, requires a
systematic structure and more formal relationships
3. The controversy that the passage above refers to is among its participants. At this stage, the resource
whether requirements of the business need careful handling.
(a) Michelangelo worked under duress
(b) Michelangelo could contain his physical infirmity
The focus is on the expansion of the business, keeping in
by artistic excellence mind its core strength and capability. A formal
(c) Michelangelo submitted to disease organisational structure and a clear delegation plan are
(d) Michelangelo survived different diseases before important at this stage. At the fourth stage of maturity, a
pursing art business often slows down as the level of innovative
4. Michelangelo lived during a time that lets us know energy may have become weak and the formal structures
that may have become obstacles. A lot of care is required to
(a) human aspirations are limitless and open to new prevent decline.
vistas of knowledge
1. The resource requirements of a business need
(b) cross cultural exchange in ideas is the only way for
careful handling at which stage?
human progress
(c) it is progress of science and anatomy that (a) Fourth (b) First
contributes to civilisations exclusively (c) Third (d) Second
(d) human beings possess language which is the only 2. Venturing into related products and services does
key to knowledge not mean that a business will
5. What actually may be concluded from the above (a) ignore the original product
passage? (b) move the founder: to a more managerial role
(a) Physical infirmities do dissuade people with (c) delegate more responsibilities
capabilities from excelling (d) ignore the related products and services
(b) Excellence in any form triumphs over extraneous 3. The founder of a business does not move to a more
factors including physical ailments managerial role at which stage?
(c) Michelangelo’s gout and other ailments lessened (a) Early growth stage
his efficiency (b) Maturity stage
(d) The diseases Michelangelo faced were due to (c) Decline stage
constant hammering (d) Start up stage
Passage 36 4. The slowing down of a business can happen

if
A business will usually go through a clear set of stages that (a) there is a decline in the market share
will make up its organisational life cycle. These stages (b) the level of innovative energy weakens
include introduction, early growth, continuous growth, (c)the managerial roles are not clear
maturity and decline. The first stage, the introduction (d) the level of investment declines
stage, is the start-up phase where a business decides what
5. When will a business create its place in the
its core strengths and capabilities are and starts selling its market?
product or service. At this early stage, the founder or (a) At maturity (b) At introduction
founders will be a part of every aspect of the daily process (c) At early growth (d) At late growth
of the business.
An important difference between human beings and Geography seeks to understand the physical and human
animals is the property of language. Animals have a organisation of the surface of the Earth. In the field of
rudimentary information process but this process does geography, inter-related themes are frequently seen.
not have the sophistication and complexity of human These are scale, pattern and process. Scale is defined as
language. the level of structure or organisation at which a
If two dogs communicate, they pass on information but phenomenon is studied. Pattern is defined as the
they can’t discuss details the way humans can. While variation observed in a phenomenon studied at a
humans are blessed to possess the language faculty, most particular scale. The third theme, process, further
of the time they don’t utilise it to its greatest potential. connects the first two. Process is defined as the
description of how the factors that affect a phenomenon
Perhaps this is because human beings tend to react rather
act to produce a pattern at a particular scale. For
than respond. And a lot of the message of languages is lost
instance, when a passenger on an aircraft looks out of the
in this reaction.
window, the view changes according to the scale.
In the daily use of language, people forget the complex
At the global scale when the aircraft maintains its height,
process involved in order to put even one word in place.
he can see the chunks of clouds in all their pattern, the
The wonder of this process lies in the fact that it is
sun or the moon, as per the time. When the aircraft loses
involuntary in nature, the whole set of chain processes
a little height, passengers can see the land and water
right from the command in the brain to the forming of
masses in their different colours and the shape of land
words from the message required to the movement of the
masses. At the continental scale, the passengers can see
vocal chords and corresponding movements in the lungs
the shapes of the land features and how they are
and mouth takes place within seconds. Perhaps the whole
distributed. The pattern emerges as the variation of land
suggestion of ‘think before you speak’, may lead to a silent
and water and the proportion of each. Looking carefully,
world! In the world of daily interaction, language becomes
passengers can note how each land mass aligns with the
a marker and a means of projecting identity.
others and how each mountain bears the signs of the
The people around us identify us with a certain style of process through which it emerged.
using language and unknowingly, each language user
The processes in a geography change in a regular and
follows this style by habit. It is not a bad idea to record
repetitive manner. One instance of this is the annual
one’s spoken communication from time to time, as this
solar cycle of the sun and the earth. Most systems in
will assist in removing any unwanted elements that the
nature display time cycles that are organised in a rhythm
speech may be expressing. Similarly, it is a good idea to
of their own as these time cycles and natural processes
step back once in a while and read one’s written
are always active, the environment of the earth is always
communication objectively.
in a state of dynamism. This environmental change is not
1. The world will become a silent place if people will only the result of natural process but also the result of
think human activity. Physical geography works towards
(a) too much (b) before listening understanding the interaction between man and nature
(c) before responding (d) before speaking and also the results of this interaction in order to manage
global climate change better.
2. The process of language is a wonder because it is
(a) a reaction (b) a response 1. The time cycles of the system of nature follow their
(c) smooth (d) involuntary own
(a) path (b) rhythm
3. Which of the following forms is assumed by the
(c) process (d) cycle
language style of a person?
(a) A reaction (b) A habit 2. The view seen by a passenger looking out of the
(c) A response (d) A thought window of an aircraft; will be affected by the
(a) process (b) pattern
4. When human beings react rather than respond
(c) scale (d) rhythm
(a) they lose the message (b) they lose control
(c) they become emotional (d) they can’t speak 3. Physical geography studies the results of
the interaction between man and nature in order to
5. Animals do not possess language because
(a) understand global climate change
(a) the power of speech is missing
(b) study the impact of man’s activities on nature
(b) the life breath is missing
(c) address the issue of global climate change
(c) the level of complexity is missing
(d) reduce man-animal conflict
(d) the information-sharing is missing
COMPREHENSION 63
4. In geography, pattern studies the variation 4. What is reported in respect of successful

observed in a phenomenon at leadership?
(a) a particular scale (b) any scale (a) Respect depends on the accomplishments of the
(c) every scale (d) most scale leader
(b) Respect comes out of respect
5. The alignment of a landmass with other elements (c) Respect depends on the skills of the leadership
can be seen by a passenger on a flight on a (d) Respect depends on experience of the leadership
(a) global scale (b) continental scale
(c) local scale (d) time scale 5. The preventive maintenance strategy used by a
respected manager will mean to the subordinates.
Passage 39 (a) An attempt to become sincere.
(b) An attempt to become mean-spirited.
One of the findings of the research into successful (c) An attempt to resolve problems.
leadership is the fact that respect is always a two-way (d) An attempt to cause problems.
street. No matter how powerful you are, no matter what
your experience, skills and accomplishments, you will not Passage 40
be respected by others if you consistently treat them
If India has to develop her internal strengths, the nation
disrespectfully. Friendliness i.e., treating others politely
has to focus on the technological imperatives, keeping in
and showing interest in them-is a way of showing your
mind three dynamic dimensions : the people, the overall
respect for other people and in return they respect you. If
economy and the strategic interests. These technological
as a manager you are respected, preventive maintenance
imperatives also take into account a ‘fourth’ dimension,
strategy will be accepted as a sincere attempt to resolve
time, an offshoot of modern day dynamism in business,
problems rather than a mean-spirited attempt to cause
trade and technology that leads to continually shifting
problems.
targets.
As important as friendliness is, I want to make sure you
We believe that technological strengths are especially
are not mislead into believing that friendliness will
crucial in dealing with this fourth dimension underlying
replace or correct poor management. I have seen effective
continuous change in the aspirations of the people, the
managers who did not use this friendliness element but
economy in the global context and the strategic interests.
could have been more effective if they did use it. I have
The progress of technology lies at the heart of human
seen very friendly managers who were ineffective because
history. Technological strengths are the key to creating
they were not doing effective management things. In
more productive employment in an increasingly
other words, managers who intervene effectively in a
competitive market place and to continually upgrade
friendly way are always more effective than managers who
human skills.
intervene effectively in a non-friendly way. Maintaining a
friendly relationship is another part of maintaining work Without a pervasive use of technologies, we cannot
performance. It also helps you avoid having people try to achieve overall development of our people in the years to
hurt you because they do not like you. It might save your come. The direct linkages of technology to the nation’s
life. strategic strengths are becoming more and more clear,
especially since 1990s. India’s own strength in a number
1. According to the passage, friendliness in of core areas still puts it in a position of reasonable
management terms implies strength in geo-political context.
(a) making management effective Any nation aspiring to become a developed one needs to
(b) making management ineffective have strengths in various strategic technologies and also
(c) replacing poor management the ability to continually upgrade them through its own
(d) correcting ineffective management
creative strengths. For people-oriented actions as well,
2. The central idea of the passage is whether for the creation of large scale productive
(a) friendliness improves the work-ethos employment or for ensuring nutritional and health
(b) friendliness avoids change of feeling hurt security for people or for better living conditions,
(c) friendliness is necessary for management technology is the only vital input.
(d) friendliness is a negative factor for management
The absence of greater technological impetus could lead
3. The passage highlights which of the following to lower productivity and wastage of precious natural
feature of a successful leadership? resources. Activities with low productivity or low value
(a) Reciprocity of the leader addition, in the final analysis hurt the poorest most. The
(b) Least concern for relationship by the leader technological imperatives to lift our people to a new life
(c) Independence of the leader and to a life they are entitled to is important.
(d) Dependence of the leader
India, aspiring to become a major economic power in Change (IPCC), the effects of climate change have
terms of trade and increase in GDP, cannot succeed on already been observed, and scientific findings indicate
the strength of turnkey projects designed and built abroad that precautionary and prompt action is necessary.
or only through large-scale imports of plant and Vulnerability to climate change is not just a function of
machinery, equipment and know how. Even while being geography or dependence on natural resources; it also has
alive to the short-term realities, medium and long-term social, economic and political dimensions which
strategies to develop core technological strengths within influence how climate change affects different groups.
our industry are vital for envisioning a developed India. Poor people rarely have insurance to cover loss of
property due to natural calamities i.e., drought, floods,
1. Envisioning a developed India requires
super cyclones, etc.
(a) focus on short-term projects
(b) development of core technological strengths The poor communities are already struggling to cope with
(c) aspiration to become a major economic player the existing challenges of poverty and climate variability
(d) dependence upon projects designed abroad and climate change could push many beyond their ability
to cope or even survive. It is vital that these communities
2. Absence of technology would lead to are helped to adapt to the changing dynamics of nature.
1. less pollution. Adaptation is a process through which societies make
2. wastage of precious natural resources. themselves better able to cope with an uncertain future.
3. low value addition. Adapting to climate change entails taking the right
4. hurting the poorest most. measures to reduce the negative effects of climate (or
Select the most appropriate answer from the exploit the positive ones) by making the appropriate
following codes. adjustments and changes.
(a) 1, 2 and 4 (b) 2, 1 and 4 These range from technological options such as increased
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 2, 3 and 4 sea defences or flood-proof houses on stilts to behavioural
3. According to the given passage, which of the change at the individual level, such as reducing water use
following are indicative of the fourth dimension? in times of drought. Other strategies include early
1. Aspirations of people.
warning systems for extreme events, better water
management, improved risk management, various
2. Modern day dynamism.
insurance options and biodiversity conservation.
3. Economy in the global context.
4. Strategic interests.
Because of the speed at which climate change is
happening due to global temperature rise, it is urgent that
Select the most appropriate answer from the the vulnerability of developing countries to climate
following codes. change is reduced and their capacity to adapt is increased
(a) 1, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 4 and national adaptation plans are implemented.
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) 2, 3 and 4
Adapting to climate change will entail adjustments and
4. More productive employment demands changes at every level from community to national and
(a) geo-political considerations international. Communities must build their resilience,
(b) large industries
including adopting appropriate technologies while
(c) pervasive use of technology
making the most of traditional knowledge and diversifying
(d) limiting competitive market place
their livelihoods to cope with current and future climate
5. The advantage of technological inputs would result stress. Local coping strategies and knowledge need to be
in used in synergy with government and local interventions.
(a) sidelining environmental issues The need of adaptation interventions depends on
(b) lifting our people to a life of dignity national circumstances.
(c) unbridled technological growth
There is a large body of knowledge and experience within
(d) importing plant and machinery
local communities on coping with climatic variability and
extreme weather events. Local communities have always
Passage 41 aimed to adapt to variations in their climate.
Climate change is considered to be one of the most To do so, they have made preparations based on their
serious threats to sustainable development, with adverse resources and their knowledge accumulated through
impacts on the environment, human health, food experience of past weather patterns. This includes times
security, economic activity, natural resources and when they have also been forced to react to and recover
physical infrastructure. Global climate varies naturally. from extreme events, such as floods, drought and
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate hurricanes.
COMPREHENSION 65
Local coping strategies are an important element of eloquently voiced in Tagore’s later poems and his last
planning for adaptation. Climate change is leading testament, ‘Crisis in Civilisation’. The Indian intelligentsia
communities to experience climatic extremes more was in a state of moral dilemma.
frequently, as well as new climate extremes. Traditional On the one hand, it could not help sympathising with
knowledge can help to provide efficient appropriate and England’s dogged courage in the hour of peril, with the
time-tested ways of advising and enabling, adaptation to Russian fighting with their backs to the wall against the
climate change in communities who are feeling the ruthless Nazi hordes, and with China groaning under the
effects of climate changes due to global warming. heel of Japanese militarism; on the other hand, their own
1. To address the challenge of climate change, country was practically under military occupation of their
developing countries urgently require own soil and an Indian army under Subhas Bose was
(a) implementation of national adaptation policy at trying from the opposite camp to liberate their country.
their level No creative impulse could issue from such confusion of
(b) adoption of short-term plans loyalties. One would imagine that the achievement of
(c) adoption of technological solutions Indian Independence in 1947, which came in the wake of
(d) imposition of climate change tax the Allies’ victory and was followed by the collapse of
2. Given below are the factors of vulnerability of poor colonialism in the neighbouring countries of South-East
people to climate change. Asia, would have released an upsurge of creative energy.
1. Their dependence on natural resources. No doubt it did, but unfortunately it was soon submerged
2. Geographical attributes. in the great agony of partition, with its inhuman
3. Lack of financial resources. slaughter of the innocents and the uprooting of millions
4. Lack of traditional knowledge. of people from their homeland, followed by the
Select the most appropriate answer from the martyrdom of Mahatma Gandhi.
following codes. These tragedies, along with Pakistan’s invasion of
(a) 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2, 3 and 4 Kashmir and its later atrocities in Bangladesh, did indeed
(c) Only 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 provoke a poignant writing, particularly in the languages
of the regions most affected, Bengali, Hindi, Kashmiri,
3. Adaptation as a process enables societies to cope with
Punjabi, Sindhi and Urdu. But poignant or passionate
1. an uncertain future. writing does not by itself make great literature.
2. adjustments and changes.
What reserves of enthusiasm and confidence survived
3. negative impact of climate change.
these disasters have been mainly absorbed in the task of
4. positive impact of climate change. national reconstruction and economic development.
Select the most appropriate answer from the Great literature has always emerged out of chains of
following codes. convulsions. Indian literature is richer today in volume,
(a) Both 1 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4 range and variety than it ever was in the past.
(c) Only 3 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
1. What was the impact of the last great war on
4. The main focus of the passage is on Indian literature?
(a) co-ordination between regional and national efforts (a) It had no impact
(b) adaptation to climate change (b) It aggravated popular revulsion against violence
(c) social dimensions of climate change (c) It shook the foundations of literature
(d) combining traditional knowledge with appropriate (d) It offered eloquent support to the Western World
technology
2. What did Tagore articulate in his last testament?
5. The traditional knowledge should be used through
(a) Offered support to Subhas Bose
(a) improvement in national circumstances
(b) Exposed the humane pretensions of the Western
(b) synergy between government and local interventions World
(c) modern technology (c) Expressed loyalty to England
(d) its dissemination (d) Encouraged the liberation of countries
Passage 42 3. What was the stance of Indian intelligentsia

during the period of great war?
The last great war, which nearly shook the foundations of (a) Indifference to Russia’s plight
the modern world, had little impact on Indian literature (b) They favoured Japanese militarism
beyond aggravating the popular revulsion against violence (c) They prompted creativity out of confused loyalties
and adding to the growing disillusionment with the (d) They expressed sympathy for England’s dogged
‘humane pretensions’ of the Western World. This was courage
4. Identify the factor responsible for the submergence Regional capital concentrations in places such as New
of creative energy in Indian literature. York, London and Tokyo still persist, of course, but the
(a) Military occupation of one’s own soil capital concentrated there is no longer sufficient for
(b) Resistance to colonial occupation competitive advantage over other capitalists distributed
(c) Great agony of partition worldwide.
(d) Victory of Allies Only if an organisation is able to combine, integrate and
5. What was the aftermath that survived tragedies in apply its resources (e.g. land, labour capital, IT) in an
Kashmir and Bangladesh? effective manner i.e. not readily imitable by competitors
(a) Suspicion of other countries can such an organisation enjoy competitive advantage
(b) Continuance of rivalry sustainable overtime.
(c) Menace of war In a knowledge-based theory of the firm, this idea is
(d) National reconstruction extended to view organisational knowledge as a resource
6. The passage has the message that with atleast the same level of power and importance as
(a) disasters are inevitable the traditional economic inputs. An organisation with
(b) great literature emerges out of chains of superior knowledge can achieve competitive advantage in
convulsions markets that appreciate the application of such
(c) Indian literature does not have a marked knowledge.
landscape
(d) literature has no relation with war and 1 Which country enjoyed competitive advantages in
independence automobile industry for decades?
(a) South Korea (b) Japan
Passage 43 (c) Mexico (d) Malaysia
In terms of labour, for decades the relatively low cost and 2 Why labour-based competitive advantages of India
high quality of Japanese workers conferred considerable and Singapore cannot be sustained in IT and
competitive advantages across numerous durable goods service sectors?
and consumer electronics industries (e.g. machinery, (a) Due to diminishing levels of skill
automobile, TV, radio). (b) Due to capital-intensive technology making in roads
(c) Because of new competitors
Then labour-based advantages shifted to South Korea, (d) Because of shifting of labour-based advantage in
then to Malaysia, Mexico and other nations. Today, China manufacturing industries
appears to be capitalising best on the basis of labour.
Japanese firms still remain competitive in markets for 3 How can an organisation enjoy competitive
advantage sustainable overtime?
such durable goods, electronics and other products, but
(a) Through regional capital flows
the labour force is no longer sufficient for competitive
(b) Through regional interactions among business
advantage over manufacturers in other industrialising
players
nations. (c) By making large banks, industries and markets
Such shifting of labour-based advantage is clearly not coalesced
limited to manufacturing industries. Today, a huge (d) By effective use of various instrumentalities
number of IT and service jobs are moving from Europe
4 What is required to ensure competitive advantages
and North America to India, Singapore and like countries
in specific markets?
with relatively well-educated, low-cost workforces
possessing technical skills. 1. Access to capital.
2. Common office buildings.
However, as educational levels and technical skills
3. Superior knowledge.
continue to rise in other countries, India, Singapore and
like nations enjoying labour-based competitive advantage Select the most appropriate answer from the
today are likely to find such advantage cannot be following codes.
sustained through emergence of new competitors. (a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2
(c) Only 3 (d) All of these
In terms of capital, for centuries the days of gold coins
and later even paper money restricted financial flows. 5 The passage also mentions about the trend of
Subsequently regional concentrations were formed where (a) global financial flow
large banks, industries and markets coalesced. But today (b) absence of competition in manufacturing industry
capital flows internationally at rapid speed. Global (c) regionalisation of capitalists
commerce no longer requires regional interactions (d) organisational incompatibility
among business players.
COMPREHENSION 67
Passage 44 5. What is the main concern of the author?

(a) That the teens have forgotten the art of
I did that thing recently where you have to sign a big handwriting
card-which is a horror unto its especially as the keeper of (b) That the teens use social networks for
the big card was leaning over me at the time. Suddenly I communication
was on the spot, a rabbit in the headlights, torn between (c) That the teens use mobile phones
doing a fun message or some sort of in-joke or a drawing. (d) That the teens use computer
Instead overwhelmed by the myriad options available to
me, I decided to just write ‘Good luck, best, Joel’. It was Passage 45
then that I realised, to my horror, that I had forgotten how
Storytelling is not in our genes. Neither it is an
to write.
evolutionary history. It is the essence of what makes us
My entire existence is ‘tap letters into computer’. My human. Human beings progress by telling stories. One
shopping lists are hidden in the notes function of my event can result in a great variety of stories being told
phone. If I need to remember something I send an e-mail about it. Sometimes, those stories differ greatly. Which
to myself. A pen is something I chew when I am struggling stories are picked up and repeated and which ones are
to think. Paper is something I pile beneath my laptop to dropped and forgotten often determines, how we
make it a more comfortable height for me to type on. progress. Our history, knowledge and understanding are
A poll of 1000 teens by the stationers, Bic found that one all the collections of the few stories that survive.
in 10 don’t own a pen, a third have never written a letter, This includes the stories that we tell each other about the
and half of 13 to 19 years-old have never been forced to sit future. And how the future will turn out depends partly,
down and write a thank you letter. More than 80% have possibly largely, on which stories we collectively choose to
never written a love letter, 56% don’t have letter paper at believe. Some stories are designed to spread fear and
home and a quarter have never known the unique torture concern. This is because some storytellers feel that there
of writing a birthday card. The most a teen ever has to use is a need to raise some tensions. Some stories are
a pen is on an exam paper. frightening, they are like totemic warnings. ‘Fail to act
Bic, have you heard of mobile phones? Have you heard of now and we are all doomed. Then, there are stories that
e-mail, facebook and snap chatting? This is the future. indicate that all will be fine so long as we leave everything
Pens are dead. Paper is dead. Handwriting is a relic. upto a few especially able adults. Currently, this trend is
“Handwriting is one of the most creative outlets we have being led by those who call themselves ‘rational optimists’.
and should be given the same importance as other art They tend to claim that it is human nature to compete
forms such as sketching, painting or photography.” and to succeed and also to profit at the expense of others.
The rational optimists however, do not realise, how
1. According to the author, which one is not the most humanity has progressed overtime through amiable social
creative outlet of pursuit?
networks and how large groups work in less selfishness
(a) Reading (b) Handwriting
and in the process accommodate rich and poor, high and
(c)Photography (d) Sketching
low alike. This aspect in storytelling is considered by the
2. When confronted with signing a big card, the ‘Practical Possibles’, who sit between those who say all is
author felt like ‘a rabbit in the headlight’. What fine and cheerful and be individualistic in your approach
does this phrase mean? to a successful future and those who ordain pessimism
(a) A state of pain (b) A state of confusion and fear that we are doomed.
(c) A state of pleasure (d) A state of anxiety
What the future holds for us is, which stories we hold on
3. How many teens, as per the Bic survey do not own to and how we act on them?
a pen?
1. Our knowledge is a collection of
(a) 100 (b) 800
(a) all stories that we have heard during our life-time
(c) 560 (d) 500
(b) some stories that we remember
4. The entire existence of the author revolves round (c) a few stories that survive
1. computer. 2. mobile phone. (d) some important stories
3. typewriter. 2. Storytelling is
Select the correct answer using the codes given (a) an art
below. (b) a science
(a) Both 2 and 3 (b) Only 2 (c) in our genes
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) All of these (d) the essence of what makes us human
3. How the future will turn out to be, depends upon 2. The nude fighters
the stories? (a) looked vulgar and spineless
(a) We collectively choose to believe in (b) leapt around a fire
(b) Which are repeatedly narrated (c) fought like ferocious devils
(c) Designed to spread fear and tension (d) slowly bled to death
(d) Designed to make prophecy
3. The battle was nauseating, but the narrator was
4. Rational optimists (a) forced to watch it by the fighters
1. look for opportunities. (b) inexplicably glued to the scene
2. are sensible and cheerful. (c) afraid to move away
3. are selfishly driven. (d) could not take the risk of being seen
Select the most appropriate answer from the
following codes. 4. The chief could be recognised because
(a) Both 1, 2 and 3 (b) Only 1 (a) he was wearing a large hat
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Both 2 and 3 (b) the colour of his hair was yellow
(c) he uttered terrible war cries
5. Humans become less selfish when (d) he was big and unfamiliar
(a) they work in large groups
(b) they listen to frightening stories 5. The chief
(c) they listen to cheerful stories (a) offered to make peace
(d) they work in solitude (b) led his men to victory
6. ‘Practical Possibles’ are the ones who (c) fought like a huge animal
1. follow midway path. (d) remained fixed like a pole
2. are doom-mongers.
3. are self-centred. Passage 47
Select the most appropriate answer from the Today the game reserves of East Africa are facing a
following codes. number of threats. Although they earn considerable
(a) Both 2 and 3 (b) Only 1 revenue by attracting tourists, they take up land which is
(c) Only 2 (d) All of these increasingly sought by the local people. While these
reserves feed and protect animals they are in danger of
Passage 46 turning into barren areas or deserts. Trees, shrubs and
The battle that immediately took place was frightful to be grass are gradually being eaten by grazing herds.
hold. Most of the men used sticks of huge size and strange Another problem is to be found in the changing attitudes
shapes, with which they beat each other’s heads. As they of the animals themselves. Many of them are losing their
wore almost no clothes and had to bound, leap and run in hereditary fear of man. In this way they may become a
their terrible hand to hand fights, they looked more like danger to visitors and thus to themselves. Attacks on
vehicles are beginning to increase and it is possible that
devils than human beings.
the problem will become serious in a few years time.
I felt my heart grew sick at the sight to their bloody battle
The problem of shortage of land is not a simple one. As
and would have liked to have turned away, but something the population increases, more and more people look
seemed to hold me down and keep my eyes upon the hungrily at the land set aside for game reserves. They
fighting men. I observed that the attacking party was led claim that Government’s first duty is to its inhabitants
by a most strange being, who, from his size and and not to tourists or to wild animals. Despite the income
strangeness I thought, was a chief. His hair stood out, so obtained from tourism, this is an argument which is
that it looked like a large hat. It was of a light yellow difficult to answer satisfactorily.
colour, which surprised me much, for the man’s body was
as black as coal and I felt certain that the hair must have 1. Why many local people look hungrily at the game
reserves?
been coloured. He was painted from head to toe. With his
(a) They may seek land for their own cultivation
yellow coloured hair, his huge black frame, his shining
(b) The animals may be a danger to them and their
eyes and white teeth, he seemed the most terrible villages
monster I ever saw. He was very terrible in the fight and (c) They may dislike living in a deserted place
had already killed four men. (d) They may be hungry and want to eat the animals
1. The narrator found that the battle was 2. What is causing soil erosion in the game reserves?
(a) a rare and pleasing event (a) The tropical heat
(b) being fought with different kinds of sticks (b) The disappearance of vegetation, which is eaten by
(c) being fought atop a hill the animals
(d) confined to members of the same group
COMPREHENSION 69
(c) The violent storms, which are caused by grazing 2. It is best to attempt scaling a peak
herds (a) in the summer months
(d) The animals are losing their hereditary fear of man (b) between storms and gales
3. As far as you can tell from the passage, why does (c) early in May or in October
the Government bother to maintain game reserves? (d) when the monsoons are over
(a) To stop the people from using the land 3. The perils of intense cold may be counteracted by
(b) To keep the vegetation under control (a) a special kind of food and clothing
(c) To obtain income from tourism (b) the use of alcohol
(d) To make the country beautiful (c) climbing only during the morning hours
4. What may be the attitude of the animals (in these (d) the use of drugs and medicines
reserves) in general in a few years’ time? 4. When climbing in the Himalayas one must always
(a) They may become a nuisance in various ways remember that the weather is
(b) They may become too shy to be seen (a) severe (b) conquerable
(c) They may chase away every visitor who enters a (c) the supreme arbiter (d) fickle
game reserve
(d) They may become friendly with the local people 5. According to the author, what the mountaineer
today needs most is
5. To what does ‘this’ refer in the last sentence of the
(a) regular exercise (b) adequate medical aid
passage?
(c) financial support (d) modern equipment
(a) The income obtained from tourists who park their
cars in town
(b) The revenue from tourists who visit the game Passage 49
reserves The heart of Naval officer Sub Lieutenant Atul Kumar
(c) The clap concerning the duty of the government Pawar, 24, who died at a private hospital in Kochi has
(d) The problems concerning game reserve in East started beating in 50-year-old Subramanya Bhatt, a
Africa
patient in Kottayam Medical/College. The officer belongs
to Panchkula. The organ was transferred by road in an
Passage 48 hour through the green corridor set up by the district
But perfect organisation, faultless team-work, administration, Kochi and Kottayam city police.
indomitable courage, super human endurance, even the The Centre and the State government machinery moved
latest equipment-all these are unavailing unless the to fulfill the wish of naval officer's family who wanted
weather is kind. In the mountains it is the weather that their son's organs to be given to defence personnel
rules every thing. It may be fair in the early morning when awaiting donors. Following his request, naval officials
the climb begins, but unexpectedly blizzards may halt the contacted the members of National Organ and Tissue
climbers with inadequate protection on an exposed slope. Transplant Organisation (NOTTO), who in turn got in
The villains of the piece are cold wind and snow and in touch with the state government.
the Himalayas these conspire together for the whole year,
except for two short periods. The officials of Kerala Network for Organ Sharing
(KNOS) said that since the heart, liver and kidney were in
In early May and in October there may be short intervals
good condition, NOTTO began efforts to transfer organs
between the tremendous gales of winter and the
to the Army Hospital in Delhi. However, due to technical
treacherous snows of the monsoon.
difficulties, the plan was dropped. But continued efforts
Only in these intervals is there any chance of finding the ensured that at least one organ, a kidney, was given to a
right weather conditions for an assault upon a peak. Cold patient at Air Force Command hospital in Bengaluru.
can atleast be kept at bay by warm clothing and
scientifically planned food and a certain amount of The kidney was transported by a special Indian Air Force
exercise; but against the wind and the snow of the worst (IAF) plane on Thursday and transferred to the Naval
Himalayan weather there is no defence. base, Kochi, from Aster Medicity hospital through a green
corridor.
1. The two greatest enemies of the Himalayan
climber are 1. Naval officer’s family refers to
(a) altitude and scarcity of oxygen (a) family of Subramanya Bhatt
(b) wind and snow (b) family of a martyr
(c) ice fields and rocks (c) family of Sub Lt Atul Kumar Pawar
(d) slopes and valleys (d) None of the above
2. Who all set up the green corridor for the transfer of Qualifications and skills are essential in the success of an
the organs? individual but without values he is incomplete as a
(a) Kochi City Police person.
(b) Kottayam City Police Values are virtues that are imbibed by the children from
(c) District administration, Kochi their surroundings, the environment in which they are
(d) Both ‘a’ and ‘c’ brought up, the environment in which they live. The
3. Which plan was dropped due to technical people around them play a vital role in leaving an
difficulties? impression on the tender minds of these young
(a) Transforming of organs to Army Hospital, Delhi individuals. With the increasing trend of nuclear families,
(b) Transferring of organs to Kottayam Medical parents working round the clock, absence of grand
College parents and elderly in the family, children and up
(c) Transferring of organs to KNOS spending a lot of time with housemaids and caretakers.
(d) Transferring of organs to IAF
Here, role of the school and particularly the teacher
4. What does ‘government machinery’ refer to? becomes imperative to ensure that values are interwoven
(a) The machines used to transplant the organs. in all her lessons she takes up with her students. Values
(b) The government machines used to transport the should be a part of each lesson, each topic taken up
organs. irrespective of the subject being taught.
(c) Various governments working in tandem.
(d) The government surgeons used to conduct the 1. Education without strong character is like
organ transplant. (a) Ship with a captain
(b) Ship without sailors
5. The following organs of Sub Lt A K Pawar that (c) Ship without a captain
were finally transplanted successfully (d) Ship without harness
(a) Heart and Liver (b) Heart and Lungs
(c) Heart and Kidney (d) Lungs and Intestines 2. What goes a long way in building a person’s
character?
Passage 50 (a) Education (b) Values
(c) Unrest (d) Sports
In today’s world, where corruption, violence, unrest have
become so prevalent in our society, schools have an added 3. Which word in para 3 is the opposite of ‘Joint’?
responsibility to ensure that value education as a subject (a) Absence (b) Jointly
is taken seriously as a part of the curriculum to (c) Nuclear (d) Virtues
produce not just educated but also responsible citizens 4. Values should be a part of
with insightful minds who believe in giving back to the (a) each lesson (b) each student
society. (c) each teacher (d) each school
Values should be integrated in various aspects of life. It 5. Who play a vital role in leaving an impression on
goes without saying that values go a long way in building a the minds of children?
person's character. Education without strong character is (a) The people around them.
like a ship without a captain. Good education is (b) The serials they watch on TV.
inconceivable if it fails to inculcate values which are (c) The mobile phones they use.
indispensable for a holistic life. (d) The music they listen to.
COMPREHENSION 71
Answer Key
Examples
Passage 8
Passage 1 (Factual)
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (d)
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (c)
6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (d)
6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (b)
11. (c)
11. (d)
Passage 2 (Discursive) Passage 9

1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (c) 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (d)
6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (b) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (c)
11. (c) 11. (c)
Passage 3 (Literary) Passage 10

1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (a) 1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (b)
6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (d) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (c)
11. (c) 11. (b)
Passage 4 (Narrative) Literary Passage

1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (d)
Passage 11
Factual Passage 1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (b)
6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (a)
Passage 1
11. (a)
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (a)
6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (a) Passage 12
Passage 2 1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (b)
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (b)
6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (c) 11. (d)
11. (b)
Passage 13
Passage 3 1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (b)
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (a)
6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (d) 10. (c) 11. (b)
11. (a)
Passage 14
Passage 4
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (a)
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (c)
6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (c)
6. (b) 7. (a) 8. (d) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (c)
11. (d)
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (d) 1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (c)
6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (b) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (c)
11. (c) 11. (a)
Discursive Passage Narrative Passage

1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (c) 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (c)
6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (c) 10. (a)
Passage 17
11. (b)
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (a)
Passage 7
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (d) Passage 18
6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (b) 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (c)
11. (b)
72 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Languages
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (a) 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (a)
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (b) 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (d)
Practice Exercise Passage 16

1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (a)
Passage 1
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (d) Passage 17
6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (d) 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (d)
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (a) 1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (d)
6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (b)
Passage 19
Passage 3
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (c)
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (c)
6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (c) Passage 20
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (d)
Passage 4
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (d) Passage 21
6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (b) 1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (b)
11. (c)
Passage 22
Passage 5
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (b)
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (c)
6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (a) Passage 23
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (d)
Passage 6
1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (b) Passage 24
6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (c)
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (b)
Passage 7
Passage 25
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c)
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (a)
6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (c)
Passage 26
Passage 8
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (c)
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (b)
6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (a) Passage 27
Passage 9 1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (a)
1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (b)
Passage 28
6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (d)
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (b)
Passage 10
Passage 29
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (b)
6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (b) 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (b)
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (a) 1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (d)
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (b) 1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (b)
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (b) 1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (d)
COMPREHENSION 73
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (d)

Passage 33 6. (b)
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (d)
Passage 43
Passage 34 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (c)
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (b)
Passage 44
Passage 35 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (a)
1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (b) Passage 45
Passage 36 1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (a)
6. (b)
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (b)
Passage 46
Passage 37
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c)
1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (c)
Passage 47
Passage 38
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (c)
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (b)
Passage 48
Passage 39 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (d)
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (c)
Passage 49
Passage 40 1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (c)
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (b) Passage 50
Passage 41 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (a)
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (b)
Passage 42
74 CUET (UG) Section III : General Test
VERBAL
ABILITY
In order to understand what Verbal Ability means, it is important to define the term verbal.
Verbal in general means making use of words while communicating. The term ability in this
context refers to a candidate’s potential to use words effectively to generate meaning. In verbal
ability, effective use of grammar, vocabulary and comprehension is stressed. Thus, verbal ability
can be defined as making use of the essential components of the English language in order to
effectively communicate in both spoken and written forms.
Given below is the list of topics which are a part of the verbal ability section
1. Choose the correct word (Sentence Completion)
2. Antonyms and Synonyms
3. Idioms and Phrases
4. One Word Substitution
5. Spellings
6. Rearrangement of Sentences.
VARBAL ABILITY 75
CHAPTER 01
Choose the Correct Word

(Sentence Completion)
Sentence completion test is a test which checks the comprehension ability and knowledge of words, of a candidate which
are required to be filled in the sentences. A sound vocabulary and knowledge of grammatical rules give an edge while
solving questions.
The candidates are asked to choose the best alternative given under a sentence to make the sentence complete and
meaningful.
Ex. 1 To err is ……… to forgive divine. Ex. 2 He was accused ……… stealing money from the
(a) human (b) inhuman wallet.
(c) natural (d) blunder (a) for (b) of (c) with (d) to
Ans. (a) ‘human’ is the correct alternative to be filled in the Ans. (b) Preposition ‘of ’ should be filled in the blank as phrasal
sentence as it is a proverb. verb ‘accuse of ’ mean charge with an offence or crime.
Practice Questions
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-39) Fill in the blanks with the most suitable word from the alternatives given under each
sentence.
1. No sooner had she entered the 6. Mr Chahar is too old ……… climb 12. We cannot eat these fruits; they
cabin ……… the light went out and the hill. are ……… .
everyone started talking loudly. (a) for (b) at (c) to (d) of (a) rancid (b) bad
(a) than (b) when (c) old (d) rotten
7. The apples are now ……… enough
(c) if (d) and
to be picked. 13. Don’t ……… her, she has done no
2. My mother prefers drinking tea (a) ready (b) mature harm to any of us.
……… coffee. (c) advanced (d) ripe (a) accuse (b) admire
(a) than (b) to (c) discuss (d) scold
8. If he ……… a doctor, he would
(c) over (d) on
treat you free. 14. His answer was such ……… I
3. My teacher congratulated me (a) was (b) is expected him to give.
……… my victory in the match. (c) were (d) will be (a) that (b) as
(a) for (b) on (c) about (d) like
9. The meeting was presided ………
(c) to (d) in
by the President. 15. Fate smiled ……… him in all his
4. I have read one novel of Chetan (a) very (b) upon ventures.
Bhagat. I want to read ……… (c) over (d) on (a) at (b) with (c) on (d) over
novel of him. 10. The lawyer was threatened ……… 16. A son who is unable to look his
(a) other (b) second
dire consequences. father in the face is ……… .
(c) another (d) few
(a) with (b) for (c) of (d) by (a) timid (b) guilty
5. The Ganga overflowed its ……… (c) arrogant (d) ashamed
11. Madhur felt ………, the manager
and flooded the area.
rejected his proposal. 17. All of us should abide ……… the
(a) limits (b) fronts
(a) pleased (b) miserable laws of our country.
(c) edges (d) banks
(c) overjoyed (d) happy (a) on (b) by (c) to (d) with
18. Today the standard of education 32. My sister fell ……… the bicycle as 43. Keith has ……… with a failure in
has ……… so much. she does not know riding. English examination thrice.
(a) deteriorates (a) off (b) from (c) of (d) under (a) caught (b) gone
(b) deteriorated (c) got (d) met
33. Health is too important to be
(c) deteriorate
……… . 44. The manager was ……… an
(d) will deteriorate
(a) discarded (b) detested explanation of his conduct.
19. I couldn’t buy the book because it (c) neglected (d) despised (a) called for (b) called off
was ……… . (c) called to (d) called up
34. The brand of your jeans is quite
(a) out of print (b) out of order
inferior ……… that of mine. 45. There are ……… books of
(c) out of sight (d) out of hand
(a) than (b) to computer science in your school
20. He came with a ……… of flowers. (c) over (d) with library, so you need to purchase
(a) herd (b) gang them from the market.
35. The writer is very efficient. He is
(c) panel (d) bunch (a) a few (b) a little
……… to his publication house.
21. One cannot lose what one ……… (c) few (d) the few
(a) a boon (b) a credit
had. (c) a blessing (d) an asset 46. The publisher is bringing … a
(a) once (b) never revised edition of this book.
36. Man must ……… now to stop
(c) always (d) have (a) up (b) about
pollution.
22. Never waste all your money on (c) out (d) round
(a) operate (b) act
purchase of some ……… items. (c) behave (d) perform 47. She had to ……… illness in order
(a) Trivial (b) important to avoid going to the party
37. Children enjoy ……… the TV
(c) excellent (d) significant meeting.
programmes.
23. What are you ……… in the (a) fain (b) feint
(a) to watch (b) to see
kitchen cupboard? (c) feign (d) faint
(c) watching (d) seeing
(a) looking in (b) looking to 48. This is our house and that is
(c) looking for (d) looking to 38. According to the weather ………
it is going to be cloudy today. ……… .
24. We have not yet fully realised the (a) prediction
(a) their (b) theirs
……… consequences of the war. (c) them (d) their’s
(b) forecast
(a) grim (b) happy (c) announcement 49. Your ……… nature will aid you in
(c) pleasing (d) exciting (d) indication attaining success in every venture
25. Rihana could not muster ……… 39. When my father got home last you undertake.
courage to stand against the evening, he found that we ……… . (a) lackadaisical (b) persevering
harassment. (a) have slept (c) catalytic (d) rotund
(a) to (b) up (b) had slept 50. Rita ..... her cooking last night.
(c) in (d) on (c) were sleeping (a) does not do (b) did not do
26. One requires great ……… to teach (d) will have slept (c) will not do (d) would not do
and handle little children. 51. I have known her ..... the end of
(a) attitude (b) anger Directions (Q. Nos. 40-70) In the
following questions, the sentence the World War II.
(c) knowledge (d) patience
(a) form (b) since
given with blanks to be filled in with
27. I would rather stay at home ……… (c) during (d) towards
the rain stops. an appropriate word. Select the
correct alternative out of the four 52. His appointment may ...... some
(a) unless (b) usually new life into the committee.
(c) until (d) for and indicate it by selecting the
(a) increase (b) inject
appropriate option.
28. I have got your point, ……… ? (c) infect (d) insure
(a) aren’t I (b) hadn’t I 40. I have ……… respect for his
53. The pages of the book ...... by Ravi
(c) haven’t I (d) have I achievement.
were lying on the floor.
(a) abundant (b) profound
29. People who ……… on horses (a) torn off (b) torn away
(c) strong (d) unique
usually lose in the end. (c) torn of (d) torn in
(a) gamble (b) play 41. Everyone was pleased to learn the
54. The computer ...... nonsense
(c) ride (d) save actor would ……… his role as the
because there was a mistake in the
captivating pirate.
30. I shall call ……… you tomorrow. programming.
(a) reprise (b) rescue
(a) up (b) on (a) produces (b) produced
(c) save (d) free
(c) with (d) down (c) will produce (d) produce
42. The diamond necklace was ………
31. Indeed, all over the world, more 55. That farmer may be old but he is ...
too extravagant for a simple dinner
and more people are ……… coffee. (a) less energetic
party. (b) more energetic
(a) wanting (b) drinking (a) distance (b) long (c) most energetic
(c) liking (d) partaking (c) very much (d) far (d) energetic
Choose the Correct Word (Sentence Completion) 77
56. The monitor takes care ...... the 61. People from ..... and near came to 67. She is sad because her father
class ...... the absence of the see the final match of the turned ........... her request.
teacher. tournament yesterday. (a) up (b) off
(a) in, at (a) distance (c) out (d) down
(b) of, in (b) long
68. You should not confide ........... a
(c) during, in (c) above
stranger.
(d) of, for (d) far
(a) in (b) to
57. When he saw the fish swimming 62. The student ..... book I still have (c) with (d) by
...... the river, he was extremely can take it from me.
69. Poets have compared this world ...
happy. (a) that
a stage.
(a) on (b) whose
(a) with (b) to
(b) besides (c) which
(c) by (d) on
(c) in (d) his
(d) at 70. I prevailed ........... him to contest
63. Corruption should be ..... out with
the election.
58. The railway coaches .... by the the utmost vigour.
(a) on (b) off
integral coach factory, Chennai. (a) talked (b) left
(c) over (d) of
(a) is manufactured (c) rooted (d) brought
(b) are manufactured
(c) are manufacture
64. Books are a great source ..... ANSWERS
happiness.
(d) is being manufactured 1 (a) 2 (b) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d)
(a) of (b) for
6 (c) 7 (d) 8 (c) 9 (c) 10 (a)
59. The truck was .... when the bus (c) into (d) with 11 (b) 12 (d) 13 (a) 14 (b) 15 (c)
rammed into it. 65. He spoke ......... his travels. 16 (a) 17 (b) 18 (b) 19 (a) 20 (d)
(a) stationery 21 (b) 22 (a) 23 (c) 24 (a) 25 (b)
(a) of (b) on 26 (d) 27 (c) 28 (c) 29 (a) 30 (b)
(b) machinary (c) about (d) along 31 (b) 32 (a) 33 (c) 34 (b) 35 (d)
(c) machinery 36 (b) 37 (c) 38 (b) 39 (b) 40 (b)
66. The telephone kept ........... ringing
(d) stationary 41 (a) 42 (d) 43 (d) 44 (a) 45 (c)
but no one attended. 46 (c) 47 (c) 48 (b) 49 (b) 50 (b)
60. I haven’t ..... butter but I have a lot (a) off 51 (b) 52 (a) 53 (b) 54 (b) 55 (d)
of bread. (b) on 56 (b) 57 (c) 58 (b) 59 (d) 60 (c)
(c) up 61 (d) 62 (b) 63 (c) 64 (a) 65 (c)
(a) a lot of (b) little
(d) up with 66 (b) 67 (d) 68 (b) 69 (a) 70 (c)
(c) much (d) some
CHAPTER 02
Synonyms and Antonyms
Synonyms
Synonyms are the words that mean exactly or nearly the same to each other.
e.g. (i) Abridge – Shorten, Curtail; (ii) Brave – Courageous, Daring
List of Words with Their Synonyms

Words Synonyms Words Synonyms Words Synonyms Words Synonyms
Awkward Clumsy, Rough Adamant Stubborn, Brilliant Clever, Intelligent Consent Agree, Permit
Allure Entice, Fascinate Inflexible Bliss Happiness, Joy Concede Yield, Assent
Abortive Vain, Unproductive Adjunct Complement, Brave Valiant, Bold Comprise Include, Contain
Addition
Allay Pacify, Soothe Build Construct, Make Compassion Kindness,
Abandon Leave Sympathy
Axiom Maxim, Truth Barbarous Uncivilised, Wild
Attain Gain, Acquire Concur Approve, Agree
Abjure Forsake, Renounce Bane Curse, Harm
Ascent Rise, Lift Chastise Punish, Admonish
Abject Despicable, Benefit Advantage, Gain
Servile Anguish Distress, Caricature Exaggeration,
Sorrow Banish Exile, Expel
Authentic Genuine, Reliable Imitation
Arrogant Disdainful, Beautiful Lovely, Pretty
Audacity Boldness, Captivity Imprisonment,
Imperious Bold Fearless, Daring Confinement
Arrogance
Avoid Ignore, Shun Bear Tolerate, Endure Captivate Charm, Fascinate
Abate Moderate,
Decrease Ability Capacity, Skill Busy Engaged, Calumny Defamation,
Acknowledge Admit, Confess Engrossed Aspersion
Arraign Charge, Blame
Aid Help, Relief Careful Cautious, Alert Callous Obdurate,
Apathy Unconcern,
Cease Desist, Stop Unfeeling
Indifference Apology Pardon, Excuse
Competent Able, Capable Calamity Adversity,
Alien Foreigner, Outsider Anger Fury, Rage Misfortune
Affront Provoke, Adept Proficient, Expert Chaste Pure, Simple
Cavity Depth, Hole
Irreverence Confess Admit, Disclose
Answer Reply, Despicable Worthless,
Adversity Misfortune, Calamity Response Consolation Solace, Comfort Shameless
Antipathy Hostility, Aversion Bustle Haste, Flurry Convict Criminal, Prisoner Disdain Detest, Despise
Amplify Enlarge, Extend Brittle Delicate, Fragile Candid Frank, Outspoken Deride Mock, Taunt
Alleviate Abate, Relieve Bleak Dismal, Gloomy Contrary Dissimilar, Deprive Despoil, Divest
Admonish Counsel, Reprove Benevolence Humanity, Conflicting
Demolish Ruin, Devastate
Adherent Follower, Disciple Generosity Contradict Deny, Oppose
Delicious Palatable, Tasteful
Absolve Pardon, Forgive Barbarous Uncivilised, Contempt Scorn, Disregard
Savage Deliberate Ponder, Intentional
Acrimony Harshness, Conspicuous Prominent, Obvious
Bitterness Baffle Frustrate, Perplex Defray Spend, Pay
Consolidate Compact, Strong
Accord Agreement, Bewitching Magical, Defile Contaminate,
Harmony Fascinating Consequence Effect, Outcome Pollute
Synonyms and Antonyms 79

Defer Prolong, Suspend Gracious Courteous, Immunity Prerogative, Miraculous Marvellous,
Dedicate Devote, Consecrate Beneficent Privilege Extraordinary
Gorgeous Magnificent, Imminent Impending, Minute Diminutive, Miniature
Decipher Interpret, Reveal
Dazzling Brewing Numerous Profuse, Various
Deceit Deception, Artifice
Glut Stuff, Satiate Immerse Submerge, Involve Nullify Cancel, Annul
Decay Collapse,
Decomposition Gloom Obscurity, Darkness Immense Huge, Enormous Noxious Baneful, Injurious
Dainty Elegant, Exquisite Hypocrisy Insincerity, Falsity Immaculate Unsullied, Spotless Novice Tyro, Beginner
Evident Obvious, Apparent Hideous Frightful, Shocking Juvenile Young, Tender Nonchalant Indifferent,
Eternal Perpetual, Endless Heretic Non-conformist, Justify Defend, Exculpate Negligent
Secularist Just Honest, Impartial Nimble Prompt, Brisk
Esteem Respect,
Reverence Hazard Presumption, Judicious Thoughtful, Prudent Niggardly Miserly, Covetous
Danger
Eradicate Destroy, Jubilant Rejoicing, Negligent Inattentive,
Exterminate Haughty Arrogant, Pompous Triumphant Careless
Equivocal Uncertain, Harass Irritable, Molest Jovial Frolicsome, Overwhelm Triumph, Subjugate
Ambiguous Hardship Misfortune, Cheerful Outrage Offence,
Epitome Precise, Exemplar Difficulty Jaded Tired, Maltreatment
Endowment Grant, Benefit Holy Godly, Pious Exhausted Outbreak Eruption, Insurrection
Endeavour Undertake, Aspire Homage Tribute, Respect Jejune Dull, Boring Ornamental Decorative,
Humane Kind, Sympathetic Kindred Relation, Species Adorned
Encumbrance Hindrance,
Obstacle Humble Modest, Meek Keen Sharp, Ordain Order, Impose
Eloquence Expression, Poignant Oracular Cryptic, Vague
Haven Refuge, Shelter
Fluency Knave Dishonest, Opaque Obscure, Shady
Hygiene Cleanliness,
Eliminate Expel, Oust Scoundrel
Sanitation Offspring Descendants,
Elevate Dignify, Heighten Knell Death Bell, Siblings
Invincible Unconquerable,
Last Blow
Efface Destroy, Obliterate Impregnable Offensive Abhorrent,
Knotty Complicated, Arrogant
Ecstasy Delight, Exultation Intricate Tangled,
Difficult
Complicated Odious Malevolent,
Eccentric Strange, Abnormal Luxuriant Profuse,
Intrigue Scheme, Obnoxious
Fabricate Construct, Abundant
Conspiracy Occult Latent, Ambiguous
Produce Luscious Palatable,
Intrinsic Genuine, Obvious Evident, Apparent
Frugality Economy, Delicious
Fundamental Obstruct Impede, Prevent
Providence Lure Attract, Entice
Invective Accusation, Prudent Cautious, Discreet
Frivolous Petty, Worthless Censure Lunacy Delusion, Insanity
Frantic Violent, Agitated Queer Strange, Odd
Instil Inculcate, Inject Lucid Sound, Rational
Fragile Weak, Infirm Quit Leave, Abandon
Insolvent Indigent, Destitute Listless Lazy, Inattentive
Forsake Desert, Renounce Regard Respect, Esteem
Insipid Tasteless, Vapid Linger Loiter, Prolong
Fluctuate Deflect, Vacillate Rival Competitor,
Insinuate Communicate, Liberal Flexible, Generous Opponent
Flimsy Trifling, Allude Liable Accountable, Bound
Transparent Raise Increase, Lift
Ingenuous Undisguised, Naive Lenient Compassionate,
Fleeting Transient, Recover Regain, Obtain
Infringe Violate, Encroach Merciful
Temporary Release Free, Liberate
Inevitable Unavoidable, Lax Slack, Careless
Feud Strife, Quarrel Reliable Trustworthy,
Ascertained Lavish Abundant, Dependable
Ferocious Untamed, Excessive
Barbarous Incongruous Inappropriate, Ruin Destruction,
Absurd Mutual Joint, Identical Downfall
Feeble Weak, Frail
Incompetent Inefficient, Unskilled Mutinous Recalcitrant, Realize Accomplish, Fulfil
Fantastic Fanciful, Insurgent
Uncommon Inclination Disposition, Significant Distinctive,
Affection Murky Dusky, Dreary
Fanatical Narrow-minded, Important
Biased Impute Attribute, Ascribe Munificent Liberal, Hospitable
Settle Adjust,
Falter Fluctuate, Demur Impious Irreligious, Unholy Monotonous Irksome, Tedious Compromise
Fallacy Delusion, Mistake Impediment Hurdle, Momentous Notable, Eventful Separate Part, Divide
Guile Cunning, Deceit Obstruction Mollify Appease, Assuage Simple Plain, Natural
Grudge Hatred, Aversion Impartial Just, Unbiased Molest Paster, Harass Summary Synopsis,
Grisly Disgusting, Impair Diminish, Modest Humble, Courteous Substance
Atrocious Deteriorate Mitigate Alleviate, Relieve Sacred Holy, Consecrated

Savage Wild, Uncivilised Teach Instruct, Educate Various Several, Many Waive Relinquish,
Vague Nuclear, Indefinite Remove
Scorn Contempt, Disdain Target Goal, Object
Vanish Disappear Wary Cautious,
Splendid Glorious, Tedious Boring, Dull Circumspect
Magnificient Vice Wickedness
Timid Cowardly, Shy Wane Decline, Dwindle
Strife Dispute, Discord
Vigour Energy, Force
Trust Faith, Confidence Wilt Wither, Perish
Struggle Fight, Battle
Victory Conguest,
Summit Top, Peak Uproar Tumult Yoke Connect, Harness
Success
Unique Unequalled, Yield Surrender,
Seize Capture, Arrest Vigilant Cautious, Alert
Matchless Abdicate
Temper Mood, Nature Venture Dare, Risk Yearn Languish, Crave
Urge Solicit, Plead
Tough Aggressive, Wicked Immoral, Sinful Zest Delight,
Understanding Insight, Perception
Unyielding Withhold Retrain, Detain Enthusiasm
Tremendous Huge, Colossal Variety Assortment,
Diversify Wisdom Intelligence, Zenith Summit, Apex
Thin Slim, Slender Foresight Zeal Eagerness,
Valid Authorised,
Thick Dense, Compact Legitimate Wreck Destruction, Ruin Fervour
Antonyms
Antonyms are the words which are opposite in meaning to each other.
e.g. (i) Accord – Discord, Disagreement; (ii) Deference – Disrespect, Irreverence
List of Words with Their Antonyms
Words Antonyms Words Antonyms Words Antonyms Words Antonyms
Above Below Boon Bane, Curse Concur Differ, Disagree Defer Accelerate,
Attack Defend Better Worse Chastise Cheer, Encourage Expedite
Ability Inability Bold Meek Chaste Sullied Dedicate Refuse, Negate

Advance Retreat Bitter Sweet Caricature Exactness, Decipher Misinterpret,
Precision Distort
Adversity Prosperity Cheerful Gloomy
Captivity Freedom, Liberty Deceit Veracity, Sincerity
Arrival Departure Complicated Simple
Captivate Disillusion, Offend Decay Flourish, Progress
Arrest Release Confess Deny
Ascent Calumny Commendation, Dainty Clumsy, Insipid
Descent Compare Contrast
Praise Evident Obscure,
Acceptance Rejection Courageous Timid
Callous Compassionate, Concealed
Armament Disarmament Care Neglect
Tender Esteem Ridicule, Spurn
Absurd Reasonable Creation Destruction
Calamity Happiness, Eradicate Secure, Plant
Agree Disagree Civilised Uncivilised, Fortune Equivocal Obvious, Lucid
Angel Devil Wild
Cavity Elevation, Epitome Increment,
Ancient Modern Cause Effect Projection Expansion
Alive Dead Certain Uncertain Cease Continue, Endowment Drawback,
Bottom Contrary Similar, Alike Originate Damage
Top
Contradict Approve, Despicable Worthy, Decent Endeavour Cease, Quit
Broad Narrow
Confirm Disdain Approve, Praise
Buy Sell Encumbrance Incentive,
Contempt Regard, Praise Deride Inspire, Encourage Stimulant
Blunt Sharp
Conspicuous Concealed, Deprive Restore, Renew Eloquence Halting,
Busy Idle Hidden
Demolish Repair, Construct Stammering
Beautiful Ugly Consolidate Separate, Weak
Delicious Distasteful, Eliminate Restore, Accept
Blessing Curse Consequence Origin, Start Unsavoury Elevate Deprecate,
Bravery Cowardice Consent Object, Disagree Deliberate Rash, Sudden Denounce
Belief Disbelief Concede Deny, Reject Defray Disclaim, Efface Retain, Maintain
Beneficial Harmful Comprise Reject, Lack Repudiate Ecstasy Despair,
Barren Fertile Compassion Cruelty, Barbarity Defile Purify, Sanctity Calamity
Words Antonyms Words Antonyms Words Antonyms Words Antonyms

Eccentric Natural, Increase Decrease Profligate Virtuous, Upright Stain Honour, Purify
Conventional
Innocent Guilty Prodigy Normal, Average Sporadic Incessant,
Fabricate Destroy, Dismantle Frequent
Initial Final Prodigious Unimpressive,
Frugality Lavishness, Diminutive Solicit Protest,
Inhale Exhale
Extravagance Oppose
Premature Belated,
Frivolous Solemn, Junior Senior
Opportune Sneer Flatter,
Significant Justice Injustice Praise
Predicament Resolution,
Frantic Subdued, Gentle Joy Sorrow Confidence Trenchant Feeble,
Fragile Enduring, Tough Known Unknown Vacillating
Precarious Assured,
Forsake Hold, Maintain King Subject Undeniable Transient Lasting,
Enduring
Fluctuate Stable, Resolute Knowledge Ignorance Pompous Unpretentious,
Humble Tranquil Violent, Furious
Flimsy Firm, Tenacious Kind Cruel
Perverse Complacent, Timid Bold, Intrepid
Fleeting Enduring, Eternal Like Dislike Docile
Temperate Boisterous, Violent
Feud Fraternity, Literate Illiterate Pertness Modesty,
Harmony Tedious Exhilarating, Lively
Logical Illogical Diffidence
Ferocious Gentle, Innocent Taciturn Talkative, Extrovert
Lack Abundance Peevish Suave, Amiable
Feeble Strong, Robust Utterly Deficient,
Legitimate Illegitimate Quaint Familiar, Usual
Incomplete
Fantastic Ordinary, Normal
Laugh Cry Quack Upright, Unfeigned Usurp Restore,
Fanatical Liberal, Tolerant
Lend Borrow Quibble Unfeign, Plain Compensate
Falter Persist, Endure
Material Spiritual Ruthless Compassionate, Uncouth Elegant, Graceful
Fallacy Veracity, Truth Lenient
Maximum Minimum Umbrage Sympathy, Goodwill
Guile Honesty, Rustic Cultured, Refined
Frankness Mortal Immortal Vulgar Elegant, Civil
Miser Spendthrift Rout Succumb, Vouch Repudiate, Prohibit
Grudge Benevolence, Withdraw
Affection Merit Demerit Volatile Heavy, Ponderous
Retract Confirm, Assert
Grisly Pleasing, Attractive Mourn Rejoice Vicious Noble, Virtuous
Remote Adjoining,
Gracious Rude, Unforgiving Mature Immature Adjacent Venerable Unworthy,
Gorgeous Dull, Mad Sane Immature
Remorse Ruthless,
Unpretentious Obduracy Vanity Modesty, Humility
Noble Ignoble
Glut Reduce, Abstain Resentment Content, Cheer Valour Fear, Cowardice
Natural Unnatural, Artificial
Gloom Delight, Mirth Rescind Delegate, Permit Waive Impose, Clamp
Night Day
Hypocrisy Sincerity, Honesty Remonstrate Agree, Laud Wary Heedless,
Noise Quiet
Hideous Attractive, Alluring Negligent
Oral Written Remnant Entire, Whole
Wane Ameliorate, Rise
Heretic Conformable, Sycophant Devoted, Loyal
Odd Even
Religious Welt Revive, Bloom
Offer Refuse Superficial Profound,
Hazard Conviction, Discerning Yoke Liberate, Release
Security Order Disorder
Subvert Generate, Yield Resist, Protest
Haughty Humble, Optimistic Pessimistic
Organise Yearn Content, Satisfied
Submissive Provoke Pacify, Comfort
Substantial Tenuous, Zest Disgust, Passive
Harass Assist, Comfort Protract Abbreviate, Curtail Abstract
Import Export Proscribe Solicit, Include Zenith Nadir, Base
Subsequent Preceding,
Include Exclude Profuse Scarce, Meagre Previous Zeal Apathy, Lethargy
Practice Questions
Exercise-1 17. Maestro 33. Salient
(a) Neophyte (b) Catechumen (a) Negligible (b) Prominent
Synonyms (c) Sophomore (d) Conductor (c) Striking (d) Clear
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-25) In the following
questions, out of the given four alternatives, 18. Splinter 34. To amputate
select the one which best expresses the (a) Stub (b) Share (a) To server (b) To fasten
(c) Chip (d) Friction (c) To truncate (d) To lop
meaning of the given word.
19. To visualise 35. Reserved
1. Ostentatious
(a) To repudiate (b) To anticipate (a) Placid (b) Communicative
(a) Distinct (b) Complete
(c) To eschew (d) To scorn (c) Quiet (d) Modest
(c) Flashy (d) Trusted
20. Hybrid 36. Eternity
2. Proximal
(a) Homogeneous (b) Composite (a) Perpetuity (b) Yonder
(a) Frontier (b) Obscure
(c) Pure (d) Love (c) Aeon (d) Ephemeral
(c) Remote (d) Adjacent
21. Discreet 37. Frazzle
3. Parlance
(a) Described (b) Careful (a) Prostration (b) Vigour
(a) Definitive (b) Lingo
(c) Rash (d) Mundane (c) Enervation (d) Lassitude
(c) Canonical (d) Classic
22. Opportune 38. Complacent
4. Expose
(a) Rarely (b) Likely (a) Humble (b) Satisfied
(a) Hide (b) Bury
(c) Timely (d) Barely (c) Confident (d) Trusted
(c) Reveal (d) Protect
23. Dedication 39. Prosperity
5. To alight (a) Adversity (b) Simplicity
(a) Contentment (b) Trepidation
(a) To escalate (b) To clamber (c) Nobility (d) Affinity
(c) Determination (d) Commitment
(c) To disembark (d) To astride
24. Invective 40. Heed
6. Mordant (a) Care (b) Caution
(a) Invent (b) Expressive
(a) Kind (b) Complimentary (c) Attention (d) Neglect
(c) Abusive (d) Invitation
(c) Bitter (d) Peaceable
25. Scrap 41. To flay
7. Turbulence (a) To scalp (b) To peel
(a) Hoard (b) Save
(a) Agitation (b) Calmness (c) To excoriate (d) To sheath
(c) Store (d) Reject
(c) Repose (d) Stillness
42. Guile
8. Nifty Antonyms (a) Cleverness (b) Suspicious
(a) Dandy (b) Obnoxious Directions (Q. Nos. 26-50) In the (c) Dishonesty (d) Honesty
(c) Grody (d) Gross following questions, out of the given four
43. Articulate
9. Austerity alternatives, select the one which is opposite in
(a) Unclear (b) Enunciate
(a) Strict (b) Moist meaning of the given word.
(c) Eloquent (d) Coherent
(c) Tolerant (d) Kindness 26. Coalesce 44. Vile
10. Splayed (a) Separate (b) Adhere (a) Virtuous (b) Coarse
(a) Nimble (b) Jade (c) Cleave (d) Amalgamate (c) Vicious (d) Abject
(c) Frayed (d) Spread 27. Proceed 45. Hope
11. Reassert (a) Ahead (b) Recede (a) Daring (b) Courage
(a) Renounce (b) Acknowledge (c) Forward (d) Continue (c) Despair (d) Confidence
(c) Disbelief (d) Conceal 28. Advance 46. Inferior
12. Troll (a) Shift (b) Move (a) Ulterior (b) Exterior
(a) Spruce (b) Suave (c) Progress (d) Retreat (c) Interior (d) Superior
(c) Gnome (d) Dapper 29. Sacred 47. Abstract
13. Curtail (a) Pious (b) Hallowed (a) Elusive (b) Concrete
(a) Prolong (b) Downsize (c) Divine (d) Profane (c) Intangible (d) Vague
(c) Lengthen (d) Extend 30. Grumpy 48. Ominous
14. Hind (a) Cross (b) Bad tempered (a) Threatening (b) Foreboding
(a) Near (b) Rear (c) First (d) Front (c) Irritable (d) Pleasant (c) Auspicious (d) Baleful
15. Inference 31. Loiter 49. To actuate

(a) Beginning (b) Conclusion (a) Lag (b) Hasten (a) To retard (b) To spur
(c) Preparation (d) Discovery (c) Amble (d) Loll (c) To impel (d) To propel
16. Pathetic 32. Consensus 50. Horrify

(a) Powerful (b) Purposeful (a) Accord (b) Discord (a) Affright (b) Petrify
(c) Plentiful (d) Pitiful (c) Consent (d) Unity (c) Appall (d) Soothe
Exercise-2 11. When youngsters do not have good

role-models to emulate they start
21. Self reliance has been adopted as
an important objective of economic
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-20) In each of the searching for them among planning in modern India.
following sentences, a word or phrase is (a) refused (b) forsaken
sportsmen or filmstars.
written in italicised letter. For each italicised (c) denied (d) discarded
(a) inhabit (b) imitate
part four words/phrases are listed below each
(c) mollify (d) modify 22. His appointment was confirmed
sentence. Choose the word nearest in meaning
to the italicised part. 12. The eyewitness testimony was last month.
incontrovertible. (a) disappointment
1. A million cinemas a year bring the (b) suspension
(a) debatable (b) unquestionable
same stale balderdash. (c) dismissal
(c) unacceptable (d) disputable
(a) adventure (b) nonsense (d) discharge
(c) thriller (d) romance 13. The invasion forces had no artillery
and were completely annihilated. 23. She has a passion for indigenous
2. There must be lively discussion of
(a) reduced (b) destroyed goods.
Indian authors if we are to foster
(c) dismembered (d) split (a) native (b) foreign (c) silly (d) cheap
our knowledge.
(a) promote (b) cherish 14. The novel was so interesting that I 24. He made an exhaustive list of the
(c) nourish (d) nurture was oblivious of my surroundings. items his secretary should attend
3. Buoyed by these visions of the (a) indifferent (b) watchful to.
future of his son, the artist (c) unmindful (d) precarious (a) short (b) incomplete
(c) interesting (d) meticulous
soldiered on. 15. Elsie is seventy years old and a
(a) continued bravely fanatical gardener. 25. I like his friendly attitude.
(b) stopped further (a) crazy (a) jealous (b) envious
(c) struggled hard (d) fought on (b) fantastic (c) hostile (d) vicious
4. Last fortnight, the rain came to the (c) excessively enthusiastic 26. He appears to be a phony person.
parched soils of India after the (d) obsessed (a) beautiful (b) unread
merciless drought had already 16. The courage shown by the soldiers (c) genuine (d) ugly
sapped the vitality and livelihood at this moment of crisis is 27. He was in a dejected mood.
of millions of peasants. exemplary. (a) jubilant (b) rejected
(a) decreased (b) demolished (a) admirable (b) clear (c) irritable (d) romantic
(c) destroyed (d) drained away (c) elementary (d) suitable
28. Philosophers say that the world is
5. The boy gave a vivid description of 17. Grandfather has been getting feeble an illusion.
all that happened. of late. (a) a fact (b) a reality
(a) brilliant (b) fresh (a) tall (b) weak (c) an actuality (d) a truth
(c) explanatory (d) picturesque (c) diseased (d) small
29. He was a marked deterioration in
6. It is compulsory for all the 18. Even though Akshay does not his condition.
students to join this tour. study hard, he always comes first (a) improvement
(a) regular (b) necessary in his class. (b) revision
(c) dutiful (d) obligatory (a) scores (b) stands (c) reformation
7. Some of the discoveries of modern (c) arrives (d) completes (d) amendment
science are simply marvellous. 19. The arguments of the lawyer of the 30. This offer has come as a great boon
(a) praiseworthy (b) commendable accused were so persuasive that the to me.
(c) amazing (d) admirable (a) curse (b) blemish
judge acquitted him.
8. The teacher felt that the student (a) convincing (b) clever (c) trouble (d) misfortune
lacked discrimination in the study (c) eloquent (d) logical 31. I liked the poem for its literal
of his data. 20. Your master will like you if you are meaning.
(a) imagination (b) good taste diligent. (a) deep (b) complex
(c) objectivity (d) good judgement (a) conscientious (c) fictitious (d) figurative
9. We don’t know how we are to (b) obedient 32. His book has a short but useful
recompense you for the trouble (c) meticulous introduction.
you have taken. (d) hard working (a) end (b) conclusion
(a) reward (b) help Directions (Q. Nos. 21-40) The (c) termination (d) deduction
(c) praise (d) thank
following sentences consist of a word or a 33. The Principal hardly managed to
10. John Milton wrote ‘Paradise Lost’ phrase which is written in italicised letters. give the papers a cursory glance.
to vindicate the ways of God to Each of them is followed by four words or (a) curious
man. phrases. Select the word or the phrase (b) thorough
(a) explain (b) support which is closest to the opposite in meaning (c) through
(c) justify (d) criticise of the italicised word or phrase. (d) superficial
34. The attack on the freedom of the (a) extol (b) praise 39. It is obligatory for a common
press is a retrograde step. (c) inflate (d) expand citizen to follow the rules.
(a) progressive (b) stubborn 37. It used to be said that travel (a) advisable (b) unnecessary
(c) punitive (d) aggressive broadens one’s outlook. (c) superfluous (d) optional
35. We received a cordial welcome (a) narrows (b) shrinks 40. The government empowered itself
from our host. (c) contracts (d) restricts to attach the assets of all the scam
(a) indifferent (b) distrustful 38. The criminal was detained by the suspects.
(c) cold (d) official police. (a) release (b) return
(a) deterred (b) released (c) donate (d) detach
36. We should not belittle the value of
small things. (c) dismissed (d) protected
ANSWERS
Exercise 1
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (d)
11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (b) 15. (b) 16. (d) 17. (d) 18. (c) 19. (b) 20. (b)
21. (b) 22. (c) 23. (d) 24. (c) 25. (d) 26. (a) 27. (b) 28. (d) 29. (d) 30. (d)
31. (b) 32. (b) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (b) 36. (d) 37. (b) 38. (a) 39. (a) 40. (d)
41. (d) 42. (d) 43. (a) 44. (a) 45. (c) 46. (d) 47. (b) 48. (c) 49. (a) 50. (d)
Exercise 2
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (d) 6. (d) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (c)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (c) 16. (a) 17. (b) 18. (b) 19. (a) 20. (d)
21. (d) 22. (c) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (c) 26. (c) 27. (a) 28. (b) 29. (a) 30. (a)
31. (d) 32. (b) 33. (b) 34. (a) 35. (a) 36. (a) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (d) 40. (a)
Solutions
Exercise-1 12. (c) Troll or gnome are ugly creatures 22. (c) ‘Opportune’ means ‘at a
1. (c) The word ‘ostentatious’ means showy or depicted as either a giant or dwarf. So, option convenient time’. Hence, option (c) is the
flashy. Hence, option (c) ‘flashy’ is correct. (c) is the correct choice. correct answer.
2. (d) The word ‘proximity’ means ‘at the 13. (b) ‘Curtail’ means to reduce or downsize. 23. (d) ‘Dedication’ means ‘commitment
centre or point of attachment’. Out of the Hence, option (b) is the correct answer. towards a task’. Therefore, ‘commitment’ is its
given options, ‘adjacent’ is its correct answer. 14. (b) ‘Hind means’ ‘back or rear’. Hence, correct synonym.
3. (b) ‘Parlance’ means ‘a particular lingo’. option (b) is its correct answer. 24. (c) ‘Invective’ means ‘insulting or
Hence, option (b) is correct. 15. (b) ‘Inference’ means ‘to draw abusive’. Hence, option (c) is the correct
conclusion’. Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.
4. (c) ‘Expose’ means ‘to make something
visible’. Hence, ‘reveal’ is the correct answer. answer. 25. (d) ‘Scrap’ means ‘to remove or reject’.
16. (d) ‘Pathetic’ means ‘a very bad or Hence option (d) is its correct answer.
5. (c) ‘To alight’ means ‘to get off or to
disembark’. Thus, from the given options, ‘to pitiable condition’. Hence, option (d) is 26. (a) The word ‘coalesce’ means to
disembark’ is the correct answer. correct. combine or merge. From the given options, its
17. (d) ‘Maestro’ means ‘a distinguished opposite is option (a).
6. (c) The word ‘mordant’ means ‘bitter’.
Hence, option (c) is correct. conductor or performer of a classical music. 27. (b) ‘Proceed’ means ‘to move forward’. Its
Hence, option (d) is correct. antonym from the given options is ‘recede’.
7. (a) ‘Turbulence’ means ‘an irregular
motion’. From the given options, ‘agitation’ is 18. (c) ‘Spinter’ means ‘a small, thin’ sharp 28. (d) ‘Advance’ means ‘to move forward’.
closely similar to the word ‘turbulence’. piece of wood, glass or similar material’. From From the given options, ‘retreat’ to move back
the given options, option (c) would be its is its antonym.
8. (a) ‘Nifty’ means ‘particularly good, skillful
correct synonym. 29. (d) ‘Sacred’ means ‘holy, pious or divine’.
or effectively stylish’. From the given options,
‘dandy’ which means ‘fashionable’ is the correct 19. (b) ‘To visualise’ means ‘to speculate, Thus, from the given options, profane
answer. imagine or anticipate’. Hence, option (b) is its meaning ‘not sacred’ is the correct answer.
correct answer. 30. (d) ‘Grumpy’ means ‘Bad–tempered or
9. (a) ‘Austerity’ means ‘sterness, strictness’.
Hence, option (a) is correct. 20. (b) ‘Hybrid’ means ‘a composition of two irritable’. From the given options, ‘pleasant’ is
or more species or elements’. Hence, option its antonym.
10. (d) ‘Splayed’ means ‘spread out’. Hence,
(b) is its correct answer. 31. (b) ‘Loiter’ means ‘to stand and wait
option (d) is its correct answer.
11. (b) ‘Reassert’ means ‘to assert or 21. (b) ‘Discreet’ means ‘careful’. Hence, without any purpose’. From the given options,
option (b) is the correct answer. ‘hasten’ meaning ‘to hurry’ can be the
acknowledge again’. Hence, option (b) is the
antonym of loiter.
correct answer.
32. (b) ‘Consensus’ means ‘a unity or 48. (c) ‘Ominous’ means ‘something that is 21. (d) ‘Adopted’ means ‘to accept’ hence
accord’. From the given options, ‘discord’ threatening or inauspicious. ‘discarded’ is its antonym that gives the sense
meaning disagreement, is its correct From the given options, auspicious is its ‘to reject’.
antonym.
correct antonym. 22. (c) ‘Appointment’ means ‘to offer
33. (a) ‘Salient’ means ‘most important or employment’. Hence ‘dismissal’ is antonym.
noticeable’. From the given options, negligible 49. (a) ‘To actuate’ means ‘to operate’. From
is the correct answer. the given options, ‘to retard’ meaning ‘to 23. (b) ‘Indigenous’ means ‘related to the
delay’ is its closest opposite word. native place’ but ‘foreign’ gives the opposite
34. (b) ‘To amputate’ means to cut off. From
the given options, ‘to fasten’ meaning ‘to join’, 50. (d) ‘Horrify’ means ‘to shock greatly or to sense.’
is its correct antonym. scare’. Out of the given options, option (d) is 24. (b) ‘Exhaustive’ means ‘complete’ hence
35. (b) ‘Reserved’ means ‘shy, quiet’. From its correct answer. ‘incomplete’ is its antonym.
the given options, ‘communicative’ is its
correct antonym. Exercise-2 25. (c) Antonym of ‘friendly’ is ‘hostile’ i.e. filled
1. (b) ‘Balderdash’ and ‘nonsense’ both have with enmity.
36. (d) ‘Eternity’ means ‘forever or
permanent’. Out of the given options, same meaning. 26. (c) ‘Phony’ means ‘fake’. Hence, ‘genuine’
‘ephemeral’ meaning ‘something that is 2. (d) ‘Foster’ and ‘nurture’ have the same is its antonym.
temporary’ is its correct answer. meaning —to help to grow. 27. (a) ‘Dejected’ means ‘being in a sad
37. (b) ‘Frazzled’ means exhausted. From the mood’ so ‘jubilant’ is antonym which gives the
3. (a) ‘Soldiered on’ means ‘to continue very
given options, ‘vigour’ means ‘good health’ is sense of ‘being happy’.
bravely’.
its correct answer.
38. (a) ‘Complacent’ means ‘smug or 4. (d) ‘sapped’ means ‘to be drained away’ 28. (b) ‘Illusion’ is ‘not being real’. So, the
prideful’. From the given options, ‘humble’ i.e. taken the moisture away. antonym will be ‘reality’.
meaning ‘respectable and kind’ is its correct 5. (d) ‘Vivid’ means ‘picturesque’ i.e. very 29. (a) ‘Deterioration’ means ‘worsening of a
opposite. condition’. So, ‘improvement’ is its antonym.
lively.
39. (a) ‘Prosperity’ means ‘living in wealth 30. (a) ‘Boon’ and ‘curse’ are antonyms to
and luxury’. From the given options, 6. (d) ‘Compulsory’ and “obligatory’both mean
‘necessary’. each other.
‘adversity’ meaning ‘living in poor condition’ is
its antonym. 7. (c) ‘Marvellous’ gives the sense of 31. (d) ‘Literal’ means ‘exact’ while ‘figurative’
40. (d) ‘Heed’ means ‘to care or to give ‘amazing’. means ‘contextual’. Hence these are
attention’. From the given options, neglect is antonyms.
8. (d) ‘Discrimination’ has the context of ‘good
its antonym. 32. (b) ‘Introduction’ and ‘Conclusion’ are the
judgement’.
41. (d) ‘To flay’ means ‘to strip the skin off a antonyms to each other.
dead body’. Out of the given options, ‘to sheath’ 9. (a) ‘Recompense’ and ‘reward’ both have
meaning ‘to cover’ is its correct antonym. same meaning—a prize or a present for a 33. (b) ‘Cursory’ means ‘casual’ while
good deed. ‘thorough’ means ‘careful’. Hence, these are
42. (d) ‘Guile’ means ‘cunning, sly or antonyms.
dishonest’. From the given options, ‘honest’ is 10. (c) ‘Vindicate’ has the sense of ‘justifying’.
its correct antonym. 34. (a) ‘Retrograde’ means ‘declining’. Hence,
11. (b) ‘Emulate’ and ‘imitate’ both mean ‘to ‘progressive’ is its antonym.
43. (a) ‘Articulate’ means ‘to present your copy’.
thoughts or ideas in a clear and concise 35. (a) ‘Cordial’ means ‘affectionate’. Hence,
manner’. From the given options, ‘unclear’ is 12. (b) ‘Incontrovertible’ means ‘indifferent’ is its antonym.
its correct antonym. ‘unquestionable’.
44. (a) ‘Vile’ means ‘extremely unpleasant’. 36. (a) ‘Belittle’ means ‘to consider small’
13. (b) ‘Annihilite’ means ‘to destroy’. hence ‘extol’ is its antonym that means ‘to
From the given options, virtuous meaning
‘pleasant and kind’ is its correct antonym. 14. (c) ‘Oblivious’ means ‘unmindful’ i.e. amplify the value’.
forgetful. 37. (a) ‘Broadens’ means ‘to expand’. So,
45. (c) ‘Hope’ means ‘a feeling of expectation
or desire’. Out of the given options, ‘despair’ 15. (c) ‘Fanatical’ gives the sense of being ‘narrows’ will be antonym that means ‘to
meaning hopelessness is its correct answer. excessively enthusiastic. shrink.’
46. (d) ‘Inferior’ means ‘low in rank or quality’. 16. (a) ‘Exemplary’ means ‘admirable’ i.e. 38. (b) ‘Detained’ means ‘to keep in the legal
Its antonym will be superior. Hence, option (d) worthy to be praised. custody’. Hence, ‘released’ will be the
is its correct answer. antonym.
17. (b) ‘Feeble’ means ‘weak’.
47. (b) ‘Abstract’ means ‘something that 39. (d) ‘Obligatory’ means ‘compulsory’. So,
18. (b) ‘Comes’ has the context ‘stands’. ‘optional’ will be its antonym.
exists only in thoughts or ideas but has no
physical and concrete form’. 19. (a) ‘Persuasive’ means ‘convincing’ i.e. 40. (a) ‘Attach’ means ‘to confiscate’ or ‘to
appealing to logic and rationale.
Out of the given options, ‘concrete’ seems to seize’. Hence, ‘release’ is its antonym.
be its antonym. 20. (d) ‘Diligent’ means ‘hard working’.
CHAPTER 03
Idioms and Phrases

● An idiom is a commenly used expression, whose meaning does not relate to the literal meaning of its words.
e.g.
(i) An early bird means someone who wake up early in the morning.
(ii) Snake in the grass means a hidden energy.
A phrase/phrasal verb is a small group of words standing together as an idiomatic expression and it is mostly derived
from the verb, preposition etc.
e.g.
(i) Fall out means quarrel.
(ii) Take off means remove.
Important Idioms and Phrases

● Heart and soul (the central core of something) Now, we are ● To flog a dead horse (to waste time to do something) He
getting to the heart and soul of the matter. keeps trying to get his essay published, but I think he is
● Helter skelter (disorderly) On arrival of the police the flogging a dead horse.
strikers ran helter skelter. ● To fall flat (to fail miserably) The Principal’s speech fell flat
● First and foremost (first of all) to be sincere and devoted is on the students.
the first and formost requirement for this job. ● To get into hot water (in trouble) The manager got into hot
● Might and main (with as much effort or strength as one water while participating in the union meeting.
can muster) She attacked the punching bag with might and ● Fair field and no favour (with honesty and sincerity) The
main. staff wants a fair field and no favour in the matter of
● Milk and water (weak) The foreign policy of India is transfer.
nothing more than a milk and water policy. ● Far and wide (having great extent) Many tourists come to
● Live-wire (a very lively or energetic person) Gurvind is such see the Taj from far and wide.
a live-wire that its tough to keep up with his stories. ● To move heaven and earth (to do everything possible) He
● Ins and outs (the intricate details of situation) Before starting can move heaven and earth to get it done on time.
any new business you must know all ins and outs of it. ● To make light of (to treat something as not very serious)
● Intents and purposes (almost completely) My wife is the I wish you wouldn’t make light of his problems.
incharge of the house for all intents and purposes.
● To make both ends meet (to earn the minimum amount of
● To be weak or vacant in the upper storey (lack in money necessary for living) Sudden increase in prices has
willpower) I can’t assign such work to him, as he is vacant in made it difficult for the employees to make both ends meet.
the upper storey.
● Right and left (on all sides or everywhere) The robbers
● To be under one’s thumb (under the control of someone) She looted the village right and left and fled away.
is no more under the thumb of her mother-in-law.
● Safe and sound (unharmed) She reached there safe &
● To be at daggers drawn (to be angry with each other) Both sound.
the brothers are at daggers drawn.
● To go on a fool’s errand (a fruitless mission) The key was in
● To pull a long face (look sad) My son pulled a long face his pocket and he sent me on a fool’s errand to search the
when he was scolded by his mother. same at the shopping complex.
● To play truant (absent from school without leave) It is a very ● To gain ground (become more popular or accepted) The belief
bad habit of the students to play truant from class. in the abolition of Sati rites has gained ground.
Idioms and Phrases 87
● The last nail in the coffin (to shorten life) The reservation ● To pour oil on troubled water (to calm someone down) Both
policy of VP Singh was the last nail in the coffin of the Janta of them were fighting for the property but the justified
Party. decision of their mother poured oil on troubled water.
● Thick and thin (good and bad times) I shall support you ● With tail between the legs (to feel ashamed or defeated) The
through thick and thin. Minister was talking a lot about the values of honesty etc.
● To make sure (to ensure) I went to the college to make sure but when Ramesh reminded him about the money paid to
if our exams would commence from the next week. him for the work, he went away with his tail between
the legs.
● To make neither head nor tail (to fail to understand) The
leader spoke so rapidly that the audience could make ● To get off scot free (free from harm or penalty) He got off
neither head nor tail of his lecture. scot free for lack of evidence.
● To nip in the bud (to stop something from developing ● To be worth its weight in gold (very useful) For a hungry
further) Many serious illnesses can be nipped in the bud if man a piece of bread is often worth its weight in gold.
they are detected early enough. ● To be lost in clouds (lost in thoughts) Philosophers are
● Tooth and nail (with every available resources) Students of often lost in clouds.
general caste opposed the reservation policy tooth and nail ● Pins and needless (in a state of tense anticipation
but to no avail. nervousness) He was on pins and needles while waiting for
● To knit the brow (to frown) My father always knits his the test results.
brow at everything I do. ● Pin money (A small amount of money to buy things that you
● To kick the bucket (to die) She had kicked the bucket after want but don’t need) She teaches a little french now and
suffering from cancer for several years. then, just for pin money.
● To keep someone at arm’s length (to avoid) She is not a ● Out of gear (in worse condition) The strike of employees
good girl and must be kept at arm’s length. always put the Government machinery out of gear.
● Confusion worse confounded (a still worse state of disorder ● Out and out (abosolute or definitely) Mahatma Gandhi was a
or confusion) Recess was already going on when the fire great leader out and out.
alarm rang, leading to confusion worse confounded. ● Hornet’s nest (unusal difficulty) The speaker of Lok Sabha
● To gild the pill (To make something unpleasant seem stirred up hornet’s nest by referring to impending changes
appealing) I knew that my daughter won’t go to the doctor, in several rules.
so I gilded the pill by reminding her about the toys that are ● Hole and corner policy (secretive) The officer adopted a
at the clinic. hole and corner policy to get his personal assistant
● To stem the tide of (to resist) As a true social worker, first transferred.
of all you stem the tide of poverty and unemployment. ● To live in a fool’s paradise (foolish ideas) It is wrong to live
● To speak volumes for (to express something clearly and in a fool’s paradise and not put hard efforts to achieve
completely) The sacrifice made by freedom fighters speak success.
volumes for their true love for the country. ● To lie in the bed one has made (suffer for one’s misdeed) He
● Rhyme or reason (without meaning) He resigned from the has made his fortune so he must lie in the bed he has made.
service without any rhyme or reason. ● To give one a long rope (to allow a person full scope to
● Cut and dried (fixed) There is no cut and dried method of commit mistakes) He never gives his employees a long rope.
English speaking. ● To give currency (to make something credible by providing
● To keep abreast of (to have recent information) It is very additional details) You are famous in this field if you
important for the youth to keep abreast of all current events. comment on this guy’s stupid ideas, you will just give
currency to them.
● To keep one’s fingers crossed (to wish or hope for good luck)
We should keep our fingers crossed till the last ball is ● To grease the palm (to give money as bribe) You cannot get
bowled. this contract unless you grease the palm of the officials.
● Nook and corner (at every corner) I searched her in every ● To have gift of the gab (the ability to talk readily) Ram may
nook and corner. seem different but he has the gift of the gab.
● Now and then (sometimes) I visit church now and then. ● To have an iron will (strong will) A person with iron will
● Stuff and nonsense (foolishness) The judge found all his can achieve anything.
arguments stuff and nonsense. ● Once and again (a few times) I have told you once and again
● Sum and substance (a summary) The sum and substance of that I have no money to purchase the car at the moment.
the paragraph must be reflected in a good precis. ● Achilles heel (the most weak point) Her involvement in
● To put all eggs in one basket (To invest all of one’s energy corruption scandal has been her Achilles heel.
or resources into a single goal) Mrs Tan’s financial ● To turn the corner (to advance beyond a difficult stage) He
advisor urged her to be careful and not put all her eggs in turned the corner by passing the examinations with good
one basket. marks.
● To take to one’s heels (to flee away) On seeing the police, ● To hang fire (to hold back as if in suspense) The problem of
the thief took to his heels. poverty has been hanging fire for the last fifty five years.
● Over and above (in addition to) I paid him rupees ten ● To have feet of clay (a weakness or failure) The inquiry has
thousand over and above what he demanded. revealed that most of the politicians have feet of clay.
● Over head and ears (completely/hopelessly) He is over head ● To have thing at one’s finger tips (complete knowledge) He
and ears in debt. has all the statistics of employment at his finger tips.
● To make much ado about nothing (make a fuss) He is a ● To have an axe to grind (self interest) I am sure, he has an
quarrelsome man, he makes much ado about nothing. axe to grind in this proposal.
● To make hay while the sun shines (make the best of a good ● Watch and ward (a continuous watch) At least three guards
situation) As the Congress party came into power, he are required to have perfect watch and ward of the
became chairman of UTI. He rightly says to make hay while building.
the sun shines. ● Whip and spur (in utmost haste) He completed the project
● To make the most of (to use or enjoy something as much as in a whip and spur.
possible) Students should make the most of their time if they ● Willy nilly (whether one agrees or not) After her boss fell
want to secure good marks. sick, she willy nilly found herself directing the project.
● To be at a loss (to not know what do or say) In the interview ● Take bull by horns (handle difficult situation directly) One
he found himself at a loss and could not answer even very should have courage to take bull by horns if one wants to
simple questions. succeed in life.
● To be at one’s wit’s end (not knowing what to do next) Seeing ● The die is cast (a decision has been made) There is no point
the income tax officer at his shop, he was at his wit’s end. of discussing the matter now as the die is cast.
● To come to a standstill (to stop completely) As the car came ● Flesh and blood (physical existence) I am only flesh and
to standstill for want of petrol, the thief ran away on foot. blood as anybody else.
● Open and aboveboard (completely and openly honest) He ● Gall and wormwood (bitter resentment) Ever since I lost the
believes in open and aboveboard discussion on every point election for school president, I only feel gall and
before arriving at a conclusion. wormwood when I think of my unworthy opponent.
● Seamy side of life (the most unpleasant) The present day ● To rub one the wrong way (to irritate) If you rub him the
cinema depicts the seamy side of life. wrong way, he will oppose the proposal.
● Spick and span (neat and clean) Mr. Jawaharlal Nehru was ● To rule the roost (to be the boss or manager) Today the
always spick and span in his dressing style. scheduled caste minister rules the roost in the Government.
● Null and void (having no legal effect) The law passed by ● Yellow press (sensational journalism) These days
legislature was declared null and void by the Supreme newspapers with yellow press are earning like anything.
Court. ● To add fuel to the flame or fire (make a problem worse)
● To steal a march (to gain advantage secretly) Shalini stole a With the arrest of the leader of agitators, the Government
march on her friend in marketing her products slowly and only added fuel to the flame.
steadily. ● To assume airs (to be proud of ) He is in the habit of
● To steer clear of (to stay away) You should try to steer clear assuming airs in the presence of his inlaws.
of such nasty people. ● Pick and choose (to select with a great care) The
● To give the devil his dues (to give your enemy a proper management adopted pick and choose policy in the
credit) No doubt he is a naughty man, but to give the devil promotions from clerical to assistant cadre.
his dues he is dedicated and hard working. ● Through fire and water (endure danger) He can go through
● To give chapter and verse for a thing (to give a detailed fire and water to achieve his goal.
account of something without missing anything) He can give ● Time and tide (time and opportunity) Time and tide waits
chapter and verse for all the allegations, he made against for none.
the minister. ● To and fro (back and forth) What are the to and fro taxi
● To add a new feather in one’s cap (great achievement) charges for travelling from Alwar to Delhi?
His success in his ICFAI exams has added a new feather in ● To be not worth one’s salt (not deserving) You should not
his cap. help Ramesh, he is not worth his salt.
● To be at sea (confused) My wife is quite at sea in maths. ● To be in tune (agreeing) The Principal asked the students if
● To be in fix (to be in dilemma) The police department was in they were in tune for organising the annual function.
a fix about the threatning calls sent by the militants. ● To be out of sorts (to feel slightly ill) She had been out
● To lead up the garden path (to deceive someone) The tricky of sorts for several days and so could not do her office work.
traders try to lead the customers up the garden path by ● Herculean task (a difficult task) Getting selected in IAS is a
assuring them of warranty and good discount. herculean task for everybody.
● Hit below the belt (to give someone an unfair blow) ● To be born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth (to be born
By making his private secrets public he hit him below the in wealthy family) Indira Gandhi was born with a silver
belt. spoon in her mouth.
● Hither and thither (here and there) He is in the habit of ● To lose ground (fail to hold one’s position) He has lost
putting his goods hither and thither. ground and so his opponent has won the election.
● To take people by storm (impress greatly) The refusal by ● To leave no stone unturned (to make every possible effort)
Soniya to accept the Prime Ministership took the nation by The Prime Minister has assured the country that he shall
storm. leave no stone unturned to uplift the condition of the
● To the backbone (thoroughly) We need leaders who are countrymen.
honest to the backbone. ● To get down to brass tacks (to begin to discuss the important
● Toil and moil (hard work) It requires too much of toil and details) Instead of wasting time in discussion please get
moil to secure first position. down to brass tacks.
● Tom, Dick and Harry (everyone) Every Tom, Dick and ● To give a wide berth (to keep far away) I try my best to give
Harry knows that MS Dhoni is a wonderful cricketer. a wide berth to such a selfish person.
● Ups and downs (the mixture of good and bad) There are ups ● To see a thing through coloured glasses (to see only one
and downs in every business. aspect of things) A prejudiced man will see the thing
through coloured glasses. He can’t judge the things properly.
● Uphill task (a difficult and challenging task) Passing CAT
examination is an uphill task. ● To show the white feather (to betray or cowardise) He will
show the white feather when the real time or action comes.
● Warp and woof (a base or a foundation) Blood and bones are
warp and woof of human body. ● Ivory tower (a place away from practical affairs) Those who
talk of non-violence as a useful tool in tackling the militants
● To put a spoke in one’s wheel (hinder someone) Every
live in ivory tower.
competitor in the market is trying to put a spoke in the
wheel of others. ● Kith and kin (one’s relatives) All kith and kin were invited
in the marriage of his son.
● To rip up old sores (reopen the quarrel) Ramesh and his
wife can’t live in peace, they are always ripping up ● To hold a candle to (compare to) She is the daughter of a
old soros. famous dancer, but she does not hold a candle to her
mother.
● Fire and brimstone (to punish) The USA has threatened
Iraq with fire and brimstone if it refuses follow the ● To have brush with (to have a brief contact with something)
resolutions of UNO. Our neighbours had a brush with one another over the
matter of throwing the garbage.
● Fire and fury (full of haughty temper) The speech of the
leader was full of fire and fury. ● To pay one back in the same coin (to seek revenge on
● To be in the good books (to have approval) A good student someone by treating them in the same negative manner as they
is always in the good books of his teachers. had done) I believe in the policy of paying back in the same
coin.
● To be under a cloud (under suspicious) His connections
with the militants have brought him under a cloud.
● To put the cart before the horse (to do things in improper
order) He made a contract with the publisher, without
● To be at large (to be free) The man who tried to kill her is getting the book ready. He put the cart before the horse as
still at large. such.
● To get oneself into a mess (get into muddle) He seems to ● By and by (soon) She is recovering by and by after long
have got himself into a mess because of the involvement of illness.
his wife in a criminal case.
● Hue and cry (commotion) A lot of hue and cry was raised in
● To go to the dogs (to go to ruin) He went to the dogs Parliament against this bill.
because of his son’s involvement in the murder of a girl.
● Hush money (a bribe paid to keep something secret)
● To keep body and soul together (to manage to keep existing) He managed to escape punishment by paying hush money.
Because of the inflation it has become difficult for many to
keep body and soul together.
● Goods and chattels (all kinds of personal possessions) They
have been turned out of their house on short notice and
● To keep the wolf from the door (to prevent starvation) In don’t know where to store their goods and chattels.
our country the poor have to struggle hard to keep the wolf
from the door.
● To play fast and loose (to ignore social conventions to suit
one’s purpose) There is a willingness to play fast and loose
● To break the news (to tell someone some important news) He
with the facts.
broke the news of her husband’s death very cautiously in
order to lessen the shock.
● To pay off old scores (to get revenge) By suspending the
clerk on frivolous grounds the officer paid off old scores.
● To burn the midnight oil (to work very hard) I have to burn
the midnight oil for several days in order to complete the
● Egg on (urge on) The captain egged the players on to
work in time. continue the struggle.
● Fair and square (just and honest) He is fair and square in ● Neck and crop (altogether) The Pak army ruined the border
his dealings. village neck and crop.
● Fabian policy (a policy of delays and cautions) ● Need of the hour (most essential need or requirement)
Mr. Narsimha Rao always followed a Fabian policy in all Providing full security for the residents of border area is the
political issues. need of the hour.
● Few and far between His visits to his parents are few and ● To cry for the moon (ask for impossible thing) Your
far between because of his busy schedule. hope for marrying with Aishwarya is like a cry for the
● Pros and cons (considering all the fact) Before signing this moon.
agreement you must understand all pros and cons well. ● To curry favour (gain favour by flattery) By giving present
● Queer fish (odd person) He is such a queer fish that we can’t and visiting again and again, you are trying to curry his
expect anything positive from him. favour.
● Rank and ruin (complete destruction) The present drought ● To draw the long bow (to exaggerate or overstate) In calling
has put the farmers at the verge of rank and ruin. her the best racer of the world, her admirers draw the long
● Oily tongue (too smooth of speech) One should be aware of bow.
the persons with oily tongue. ● Fishy (suspicious) There seems to be something fishy
● Part and parcel (an essential element) Each employee should going on.
feel himself part and parcel of the business enterprises. ● Call a spade a spade (to speak clearly) He believes in calling
● Foot the bill (to pay the bill) Although she hosted the feast, a spade a spade.
her father had to foot the bill. ● Cats and dogs (contrary to belief unusually) It has been
● Free and easy (casual, calm and relaxed) If you’re free and raining cats and dogs for the last three hours.
easy with your savings, you’ll be broke again in no time. ● Cock and bull story (concocted story) All his excuses seem
● To take heart (to be confident or courageous) You must take a cock and bull story.
heart and face the failures boldly. ● To play ducks and drakes (to waste foolishly) He is playing
● To take up arms (commence hostilities) We must not shy for ducks and drakes with parental money.
taking up arms against the misdeeds of the public ● Hard and fast (fixed) There are no hard and fast rules to
departments. sanction the loan in the banks.
● To have no backbone (lacking strength) The movement ● Haughty and naughty (rude and old) The haughty and
against the reservation based on caste, had no backbone naughty attitude of the President is not liked by any
and collapsed too soon. member of the society.
● To harp on the same string (to dwell upon one subject) The ● dig the grave (do something foolish) By taking a side of the
speakers had nothing new to say, everyone harped on the thief, he dug the grave of his honest image.
same string of his predecessor. ● To end in smoke/fiasco (to not get a positive result) He
● Loaves and fish (benefits or rewards) Now-a-days spoke a lot about his new book but it all ended in fiasco,
Government servants are concerned with the loaves and fish when the book was in the market.
of the office than to solve the problems of common public. ● To feather one’s own nest (to grow wealthy by taking
● Lock and key (full security) He keeps jewellery under lock advantage of one position) Our leaders are busy
and key. feathering their own nests and have no concern for the
● Length and breadth (throughout the place) Anti English general mass.
agitation spread through the length and breadth of country. ● To pass the buck (pass the blame) Political parties pass the
● Life and Soul (very lively and entertaining, good with mixing buck on to one another on all small or big matters.
with people) Soniya Gandhi is the life and soul of Congress (I). ● To play the gallery (try to win approval) Every action of the
● Like a fish out of water (in a very awakward manner) Ram political leaders is aimed to play the gallery.
was given an unremunerative post. He is feeling like a fish ● To send about one’s business (to dismiss or fire) His
out of water. employer sent him about his business when he was caught
● To sail under false colours (disguise your true nature) We involved in forgery.
should not believe the politicians because they sail under ● To stand ones ground (to maintain one’s position) He did
false colours. not yield to pressure and stood his ground till he won the
● To set Thames on fire (do something remarkable work) game.
Qualifying civil services examination for you is like setting ● Gird up the loin (to get ready) We should gird up the loin
Thames on fire. to fight the poverty and menace of dowery.
● To say ditto to (a copy) You are bound to say ditto to what ● Give in (give up) He is a brave man, he will not give
your boss says. in easily.
Practice Questions
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-50) In the following 9. Be in two minds 18. Bolt from the blue
questions, out of the four alternatives, select (a) Behave smart at sometime and (a) Winning after losing a game many
the alternative which best expresses the stupid at other. times
meaning of the idiom/phrase. (b) Unable to decide (b) Something sudden that happens
(c) Having a split personality disorder. unexpectedly
1. Never-never land (c) Someone who runs fast and wins a
(d) Trying to do two things at the same
(a) An imaginary utopian place or race
time.
situation. (d) Locking the doors to keep the rain out
(b) A place that is worse than hell. 10. Dance to someone’s tune 19. Be on the air
(c) A place that you know that you will (a) Argue with others on petty matters
(a) Broadcast over the radio or on TV
never be able to visit. (b) Delay in making a decision
(b) Float like a bird
(d) A popular place about which you (c) Do what others want you to do
(c) To pass bodily gases
have heard such stories that you (d) Be engaged in an energetic activity
(d) Be very arrogant
would not like to go there. 11. At large 20. At snail’s pace
2. Through thick and thin (a) A very big opportunity
(a) Do something very carefully
(a) To be scared of small dangers (b) A criminal escaped or not yet
(b) Be very persistent
(b) Passing through a thick forest captured. (c) Do something very slowly
(c) Support under all circumstances (c) To have a big heart
(d) Keep your moves secret
(d) To be hard hearted in times of loss (d) A big appetite
21. Hanging by a thread
3. New kid on the block 12. Leave no stone unturned
(a) In a sorry or humble estate
(a) New rules which are bound to fail (a) Leave the path halfway (b) Be extremely weak
(b) A junior (b) Not make enough efforts (c) Unable to act as desired
(c) A new social trend (c) Turn everything upside down (d) Be in a dangerous situation
(d) A newcomer (d) Try everything possible
22. Zero tolerance
4. Kitty-corner 13. Variety is the spice of life (a) Accuracy is paramount
(a) Favourite place of cats (a) New experiences make life more (b) Non-acceptance of antisocial
(b) A place where ladies meet to party interesting behaviour
(c) A very small place (b) Experimentation may be risky (c) No return without risk
(d) Things located diagonally opposite (c) Life is very beautiful (d) No problem at all
each other (d) There is no life without excitement
23. Turn a deaf ear
5. In a nutshell 14. Rule the roost (a) To pay attention
(a) Add nuts into something (a) To make all the decisions (b) To listen carefully
(b) Put everything in a shell (b) To be prosperous but generous (c) To make someone deaf
(c) Packed very tightly (c) To frequently pick a quarrel (d) To pay no need
(d) To blindly follow others
(d) Express very briefly 24. Green thumb
6. To go for broke 15. At somebody’s expense (a) To have talent in gardening
(a) Paid for by someone (b) To be envious
(a) To risk everything in an all-out
(b) To blame a crime on someone else (c) To be angry
effort
(c) The unlucky persons who lose a race (d) To have talent in painting
(b) Failure in relationship or partnership
(c) Losing all money in an effort to (d) If one person benefits it is always at 25. A blessing in disguise
revive a failing business the loss of another (a) A misfortune that eventually has
(d) To start again after failing in a 16. Actions speak louder than words good results
business (b) A person who has changed so
(a) Achievers are better than those who
talk big much that he is now unrecognisable
7. Put your best foot forward (c) A prayer asking for God’s favour
(a) Take care to dress well (b) No action can compensate for
(d) A bad person hiding his face behind
(b) Walk very cautiously saying bad words
a mask
(c) Try as hard as one can (c) A pen is mightier than a sword
(d) What someone does mean more 26. Silver bullet
(d) check every step
than what they say they will do (a) A very expensive solution used only
8. Fixed in one’s ways as the last measure
(a) Not wanting to change how one
17. Acid test (b) A simple and seemingly
does things (a) A malicious way of taking revenge magical solution to a complicated
(b) One will succeed if one does not (b) A test that shows how to harm problem
change their path someone (c) A solution which is worse than the
(c) Trapped in a particular unpleasant (c) Proof that an attack has been problem
situation made (d) A thing of beauty but which is
(d) A dilemma of two different paths (d) Definitive proof of truth or falsehood actually deadly
27. Take to task (c) To waste away somebody’s effort 44. Add fuel to the fire
(a) To assign work (b) To rebuke (d) Prevent something from continuing (a) Go from one bad situation to
(c) To praise (d) To give an award 36. Ethnic cleansing another
(b) A cause becomes stronger when
28. At arm’s length (a) A social revolution where
more people join
(a) Checking the length of fabric negative aspects of a culture are
(c) The flame will extinguish if it runs
(b) As close as one can touch removed
out of oil
(c) Avoiding too much closeness (b) To perform mass religious
(d) Cause a situation to become worse
(d) Using one’s arm to measure length conversions
(c) The mass killing of members of one 45. Pass the hat
29. Against the clock ethnic group (a) To sell something
(a) To do a job fast to finish it before a (d) Removal of all signs of culture from (b) To collect money
deadline a society (c) To play a game
(b) Time is money
37. Pull the wool over someone’s eyes (d) To avoid work
(c) Man is a victim of time
(d) It is useless to fight destiny (a) To protect someone 46. Make no headway
(b) To keep oneself warm (a) Check if the head can pass through
30. Four corners of the earth (c) Deceive someone by telling lies (b) Unable to progress ahead
(a) From the very beginning (d) To pretend to be blind to the other (c) Unable to overtake anyone
(b) From morning till night person’s bad behaviour (d) Forced to fix a new goal
(c) From all parts of the world
(d) From beginning to end 38. Head in the clouds 47. Flesh and blood
(a) To daydream (b) To be very tal (a) A very gory murder scene
31. Gift of the gab (c) To be very lazy (d) To feel giddy (b) A lot of hard work
(a) Receive a precious gift
39. to shake off (c) Loss of lives in battle
(b) Achieve sudden greatness
(a) To denounce (b) To get rid of (d) A person’s physical body and their
(c) Have the ability to adapt
(c) To recollect (d) To pass off needs and frailties
(d) Have the talent to speak well
32. Red letter day 40. Mind your language 48. Flea market
(a) A very special day (a) To speak first and think later (a) A market for semi-precious stones
(b) A very hot day (b) To put a lot of efforts to understand and jewellery
(c) A frightful day what the other person is trying to say (b) A market where stolen goods are
(d) A very cold day (c) Tell someone to speak politely sold
(d) To speak grammatically incorrect (c) A street market selling second hand
33. As the crow flies language goods
(a) To be uncertain (d) A small but crowded and noisy
(b) A long winding path 41. Face the music place
(c) The shortest route (a) Face the enemy
(d) To be directionless (b) Enjoy the harmony 49. In a pickle
(c) Get appreciation (a) In great pain
34. A hot potato (d) Face the criticism (b) In jubiliation
(a) A war like situation which could (c) In trouble
have been easily avoided 42. Hand in glove (d) In deep sorrow
(b) A common eatery but favoured by (a) Working together in the same office
celebrities (b) Wearing gloves while working 50. A walk of life
(c) A controversial situation which is (c) In partnership for something (a) An easy comfortable life not
awkward to deal with dishonest necessarily prosperous
(d) A celebrity who keeps getting into (d) Doing work in the garden (b) The most important day of your
some or the other controversy life
43. To grease the palm (c) A person’s occupation or position
35. Pull the plug (a) To give support within society
(a) Make a firm refusal (b) To bribe someone (d) Walking is the best form of
(b) Save a situation by acting in the (c) To cheat someone exercise
nick of time (d) To give a massage
ANSWERS
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (d) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (c)
11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (a) 16. (d) 17. (d) 18. (b) 19. (a) 20. (c)
21. (d) 22. (b) 23. (d) 24. (a) 25. (a) 26. (b) 27. (b) 28. (c) 29. (a) 30. (c)
31. (d) 32. (a) 33. (c) 34. (c) 35. (d) 36. (c) 37. (c) 38. (a) 39. (b) 40. (c)
41. (d) 42. (c) 43. (b) 44. (d) 45. (b) 46. (b) 47. (d) 48. (c) 49. (c) 50. (c)
One Word Substitution 93
CHAPTER 04
One Word Substitution

One Word Substitution is substituting a group of words 14. Someone or something existing at the same period as
with a unique word according to its meaning. Most of another —Contemporary
these words are noun and these words are commonly used 15. One who believes very easily —Credulous
in our daily life, newspaper etc.
16. A place for burying the dead —Cemetery
In examination, this kind of test is provided, especially to
17. Eating flesh or meat —Carnivorous
test the candidate’s skill of memorising important words in
English language. Questions of one word substitution is 18. Someone leaving one’s country to settle in another
formed by writing the definition of these important words, — Emigrant
similarly as they are written in any English to English 19. A disease spreading over a large area —Epidemic
dictionary. The only way to prepare this segment is to 20. Speech without prior preparation —Extempore
make yourself complete familiar with every important 21. Producing the desired result —Efficacious
word as you can.
22. Suitable for selection —Eligible
Generally, one word substitution covers specific words
23. One who spends without care and excessively
from the different aspects of Professions, Political,
Religious, Medical Terms etc. — Extravagant, Prodigal
Here are some questions from ‘One Word Substitution’. Go 24. One who believes in fate —Fatalist
through these questions and try to understand the pattern 25. Very choosy and hard to please —Fastidious
and nature of such question. 26. Killing of one’s own brother —Fratricide
A few one word substitution are given below 27. An office or post without pay —Honorary
1. One who does not believe in the existence of God 28. Killing of man —Homicide
— Atheist 29. Done or given without charge or fee —Gratis
2. The life-history of someone written by himself 30. Something that cannot be read —Illegible
— Autobiography
31. Someone that cannot be defeated —Invincible
3. One who plays not to earn money but for pleasure
32. A place that cannot be reached —Inaccessible
— Amateur
4. Without name or identification—Anonymous 33. That which cannot be explained —Inexplicable
5. A place where birds are kept—Aviary 34. That which cannot be corrected —Incorrigible
6. One who believes in destruction of all forms of 35. That which cannot be done without, absolutely
government— Anarchist necessary —Indispensable
36. That which cannot be erased —Indelible
7. One who is appointed to settle disputes between two
parties— Arbitrator 37. That which cannot be avoided —Inevitable
8. A medicine which makes the effect of poison zero 38. That which cannot be understood or realised easily
— Antidote — Inscrutable
9. One who is unable to pay one’s debt 39. That which cannot be changed or ended — Irrevocable
—Bankrupt, Insolvent 40. Not to the point —Irrelevant
10. One whose religious view is very narrow—Bigot 41. That which never fails or faults —Infallible
11. An object which breaks easily—Brittle 42. One who wastes his time without any job —Idler
12. One who eats human beings’ flesh—Cannibal 43. Killing of one’s own mother —Matricide
13. Composed of things from all parts of the world 44. One who dies for one’s country or for others—
— Cosmopolitan Martyr
45. Marrying with one person —Monogamy 77. Written in a document after it has been signed
46. Hater of mankind —Misanthrope — Postscript
47. An attitude measuring everything in terms of money 78. Religious song —Hymn
or profit —Materialistic 79. The policy of extending a country’s empire
48. One who can be hired to do any illegal act— Mercenary — Imperialism
49. A drug causing sleep or intoxication —Narcotic 80. Blood relationship —Consanguinity
50. No longer in use —Obsolete 81. Opposed to great or sudden change —Conservative
51. One who speaks skilfully —Orator 82. Using someone else’s ideas as own —Plagiarism
52. All powerful —Omnipotent 83. Someone not sure about God’s existence — Agnostic
53. Present everywhere —Omnipresent 84. One who leaves a religion or faith —Apostate
54. Knowing everything —Omniscient 85. One who has no taste for literature, art or music
— Philistine
55. Marrying with more than one —Polygamy
86. Deriving pleasure by inflicting pain on others
56. One who knows many languages —Polyglot
— Sadism
57. A single cure for all diseases —Panacea 87. One having excessive enthusiasm for a cause — fanatic
58. Happening after one’s death —Posthumous 88. An insult to God —Blasphemy
59. One who uses others to survive —Parasite 89. One who loves books —Bibliophile
60. Killing of one’s own father —Patricide 90. One who is indifferent to pleasure or pain — Stoic
61. A person doing good acts for mankind—Philanthropist 91. One who poses himself as someone he is not— Imposter
62. One who lives alone and avoids people — Recluse
92. Code of diplomatic etiquette —Protocol
63. Habitually reserved and silent —Reticent
93. A word for word copy —Verbatim
64. Murder of king —Regicide
94. That which cannot be understood —Unintelligible
65. One who walks in sleep — Somnambulist
95. A story intended to reveal a moral or spiritual truth
66. One who talks in sleep —Somniloquist —Parable
67. A post or office high in reputation and pay but no 96. One who travels from place to place — Itinerant
work —Sinecure
97. One who uses both his hands with equal skill
68. Talking to oneself —Soliloquy
— Ambidextrous
69. One who is made to suffer for another —Scapegoat 98. A short journey for fun— Excursion
70. With the opinion or agreement of all —Unanimous 99. One who doubts every good thing — Cynic
71. Very clear in meaning —Unambiguous 100. Giving undue favours to one’s relatives — Nepotism
72. That which cannot be predicted before — Unforeseen 101. Not allowing the light to pass through —Opaque
73. Using too many words in writing or speaking 102. An official sent on a diplomatic mission — Emissary
— Verbose 103. One who abstains completely from alcoholic drinks
74. Someone with a long experience —Veteran —Teetotaller
75. Examination of one’s thoughts or experience
104. One who loves to entertain one’s guests —
— Introspection Hospitable
76. Killing (out of mercy) someone suffering from 105. A general pardon for political convicts — Amnesty
incurable disease —Euthanasia
Practice Questions
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-45) In each of 15. A group of three persons sharing 29. An official numbering of the
the following questions, choose the power population
alternative which can be substituted (a) Triology (b) Tetralogy (a) Censor (b) Counting
for the given words/sentence. (c) Triumvirate (d) Tripode (c) Census (d) Demography
1. A tank where fish or water plants 16. A person who regards the whole 30. A name assumed by a writer or a
are kept world as his country false name
(a) Apiary (b) Aviary (a) Cosmopolitan (b) Nationalist (a) Lie (b) Portable
(c) Nursery (d) Aquarium (c) Patriot (d) Metropolitan (c) Anonymous (d) Pseudonym
2. Yearly celebration of a date or an 17. Of unknown authorship 31. One who believes in fate
event (a) Anonymous (b) Unanimous (a) Atheist (b) Philanthropist
(a) Birthday (b) Anniversary (c) Amiguous (d) Extempore (c) Fatalist (d) Amateur
(c) Jubilee (d) Centenary 18. A person who rules without 32. List of headings of the business to
3. Custom of having many wives consulting the opinion of others be transacted at a meeting
(a) Democrat (b) Autocrat (a) Schedule (b) Agenda
(a) Bigamy (b) Monogamy
(c) Bureaucrat (d) Fanatic (c) Proceedings (d) Excerpts
(c) Polygamy (d) Matrimony
4. Customs of having several 19. One who is well versed in the 33. A government run by a dictator
husbands at the same time science of female ailments (a) Democracy (b) Autocracy
(a) Polyandry (b) Polyglot (a) Cardiologist (b) Surgeon (c) Oligarchy (d) Theocracy
(c) Polysexual (d) Polygamy (c) Gynecologist (d) Sergeant
34. An office or post with no work but
5. One who knows many languages 20. One who eats everything high pay
(a) Polygamy (b) Popular (a) Omnipotent (b) Insolvent (a) Honorary (b) Sinecure
(c) Panacea (d) Polyglot (c) Irresistible (d) Omnivorous (c) Gratis (d) Ex-officio
6. A remedy for all diseases 21. An elderly unmarried woman 35. Person who believes that God is
(a) Spinster (b) Vandal everything and everything is God
(a) Recoil (b) Panacea
(c) Bachelor (d) Adult (a) Agnostic (b) Theist
(c) Marvel (d) Treatment
(c) Pantheist (d) Pantechnicon
7. An examination of dead body 22. A man who wastes his money on
luxury 36. Relationship by blood or birth
(a) Ante-mortem (b) Autopsy
(a) Extempore (b) Extravagant (a) Parentage (b) Affiliation
(c) Morgue (d) Cremation
(c) Nymph (d) Surge (c) Consanguinity (d) Nepotism
8. A supporter of the cause of women
23. To induce to have sexual 37. Walking in sleep
(a) Feminist (b) Colleague
intercourse (a) Somniloquism
(c) Extempore (d) Womanish
(a) Incite (b) Seduce (b) Somnambulism
9. A man having no hair on the scalp (c) Lax (d) Entice (c) Obsession
(a) Hoary (b) Naked (d) Hallucination
(c) Gaudy (d) Bald 24. Incapable of being seen through
(a) Invisible (b) Obsolete 38. A person who kills somebody
10. A building where dead bodies are (c) Opaque (d) Transparent especially for political reason
kept (a) Criminal
(a) Aviary (b) Hospital 25. One who sacrifices his life for a (b) Murderer
(c) Zoo (d) Mortuary cause (c) Assassin
(a) Patriot (b) Martyr (d) Hangman
11. The violation of profaning of (c) Soldier (d) Revolutionary
sacred things 39. Study of mankind
26. A person coming to a foreign land (a) Pathology (b) Physiology
(a) Solemn (b) Sinecure
to settle (c) Philology (d) Anthropology
(c) Posthumous (d) Sacrilege
(a) Immigrant (b) Visitor
12. A place where birds are kept (c) Tourist (d) Emigrant 40. Through which light cannot pass
(a) Apiary (b) Aviary (a) Dull (b) Dark
27. Murder of a king
(c) Nursery (d) Extempore (c) Obscure (d) Opaque
(a) Homicide (b) Matricide
13. Killings one’s brother (c) Patricide (d) Regicide 41. A person not sure of the existence
(a) Suicide (b) Fratricide of God
28. An associate in a office or
(c) Patricide (d) Matricide (a) Theist (b) Atheist
institution
(c) Agnostic (d) Cynic
14. One who is not easily pleased by (a) Companion
anything (b) Ally 42. One who deserts his religion
(a) Maiden (b) Pessimist (c) Colleague (a) Deserter (b) Turn-coat
(c) Vulnerable (d) Fastidious (d) Accomplice (c) Fanatic (d) Apostate
43. One who uses fear as a weapon of 47. Put side by side 53. Associated with God or religion
power (a) Impose (b) Juxtapose (a) Humbly (b) Holy
(a) Terrorist (b) Militant (c) Depose (d) Propose (c) Virtuous (d) Godly
(c) Extremist (d) Anarchist
48. Chief or Commander of army 54. Work for which one does not take
44. Place where birds are kept (a) Major (b) Lieutenant salary or payment.
(a) Zoo (b) Apiary (c) Colonel (d) General (a) Remunerated (b) Charge-sheet
(c) Armoury (d) Aviary (c) Complementary (d) Honorary
49. One who pays rent to the landlord.
45. A man of odd habits (a) Termagant (b) Trojan
55. No longer in use
(a) Eccentric (a) Absolute (b) Obsolete
(c) Tenant (d) Payee
(b) Cynical (c) Contemporary (d) Remote
(c) Introvert 50. Two pieces of bread spread with
(d) Moody butter or any other food. ANSWERS
(a) Sand dune (b) Loaves
Directions (Q.Nos. 46-55) Out of (c) Bun (d) Sandwich 1 (d) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (a) 5 (d)
the four alternatives choose the one 6 (b) 7 (b) 8 (a) 9 (d) 10 (d)
which can be substituted for the given 51. Without change of tone or pitch. 11 (d) 12 (b) 13 (b) 14 (d) 15 (c)
(a) Monotone (b) One tone 16 (a) 17 (a) 18 (b) 19 (c) 20 (d)
words/sentence. 21 (a) 22 (b) 23 (b) 24 (c) 25 (b)
(c) Single tone (d) First tone
46. One who can not be corrected 26 (a) 27 (d) 28 (c) 29 (c) 30 (d)
(a) Incorrigible 52. A place where treasures of 31 (c) 32 (b) 33 (b) 34 (b) 35 (c)
(b) Ineligible art, curios are preserved or 36 (c) 37 (b) 38 (c) 39 (d) 40 (d)
exhibited. 41 (c) 42 (d) 43 (a) 44 (d) 45 (a)
(c) Indolent
(a) Museum (b) Stable 46 (a) 47 (b) 48 (d) 49 (c) 50 (d)
(d) Indefatigable
51 (a) 52 (a) 53 (b) 54 (d) 55 (b)
(c) Library (d) Studio
Spellings 97
CHAPTER 05
Spellings
A Spelling test is an assessment of a candidate’s ability to spell words correctly. Spelling is the combination of alphabetic
letters to form written word. Spelling test are also used to check the familiarity of the newly added words with the
candidate.
To provide help to the candidates a list of ‘Frequently misspelt words’ is given here.
COMMONLY MISSPELT WORDS

A H
absence accommodate achieve acquire happiness habitat humorous hammer
across address advertise advice harbour harvest
apparent argument athlete awful
I
B identity imaginary imitation immediately
balance basically beginning believe incidentally independent intelligent interesting
benefit breathe brilliant business interfere interpretation interruption invitation
C irrelevant irritable island
calendar category certain chief J
citizen coming competition convenience
jealous jewel judgement journal
criticise
jailor jiggle joyous
D
K
decide definite deposit describe
knowledge kindness knock knot
desperate develop difference dilemma
kneel kingdom keen knee
disappear disappoint discipline
know
E
L
embarrass environment equipped exaggerate
laboratory length lesson library
excellent except exercise existence
license loneliness lose lying
expect experience experiment explanation
M
F
marriage medicine miniature minute mysterious
familiar fascinating finally foreign
N
forward fundamental
naturally necessary neighbour neither noticeable
G
O
generally government grammar guarantee
occasion occurred official often
guidance
omission operate optimism original
P soldier speech stopping strength

parallel particularly peculiar perceive studying succeed successful surely
perform permanent persevere personally surprise
persuade picture piece planning
T
pleasant political possess possible
temperature temporary through towards
practical prefer prejudice presence
privilege probably professional promise tries truly twelfth
psychology U
Q until ugly unusual usually
quantity quarter quiet quit quite undergraduate undertake unemployed understand
R V
realise receive recognise recommend reference village vacation valley various
religious repetition restaurant rhythm ridiculous
version vessel victim variety
S
W
sacrifice safety scissors secretary
weird welcome whether
separate shining similar sincerely
Practice Questions
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-10) In each of Directions (Q. Nos. 11-20) In the 22. (a) Emphetic (b) Emphatic
the following questions, a word has following questions, there are four (c) Emphatick (d) Emphattic
been written in four different ways, out words in each question, find the word 23. (a) Epilogue (b) Epiloug
of which only one is correctly spelt. which is wrongly spelt. (c) Eppilogue (d) Epiloge
Find the correctly spelt word. 11. (a) Eficient (b) Horrible 24. (a) Massacar (b) Masacre
1. (a) Cancelation (b) Cancelletion (c) Insignificant (d) Barren (c) Messacre (d) Massacre
(c) Cancellation (d) Cancellasion 12. (a) Adulation (b) Recieve 25. (a) Opressed (b) Oppresed
2. (a) Mischeivous (b) Mischevous (c) Prejudice (d) Rythm (c) Oppressed (d) Operessed
(c) Mischievous (d) Mischivous 13. (a) Prolong (b) Conditional 26. (a) Mountainer (b) Mounteener
3. (a) Foreigner (b) Forienor (c) Obscure (d) Cautios (c) Mountaineer (d) Mountiner
(c) Foriegnor (d) Foriegnar 14. (a) Worshipped (b) Deterred
27. (a) Ineffectual (b) Iniffectual
4. (a) Exhilirate (b) Exhilarate (c) Murmurred (d) Lapped
(c) Inefecttual (d) Inefictual
(c) Exhiliret (d) Exhilerate 15. (a) Inept (b) Amature
28. (a) Privilege (b) Previlege
5. (a) Inimitable (b) Imimatible (c) Vacuum (d) Glorify
(c) Prevelege (d) Privelage
(c) Inimitible (d) Inimmitable 16. (a) Appraise (b) Behaviour
29. (a) Contemptable
6. (a) Skeletan (b) Sekeleton (c) Commend (d) Mentanence
(b) Contamptible
(c) Skelaton (d) Skeleton 17. (a) Fortunately (b) Internaly (c) Contemptible
7. (a) Colaborate (b) Collaboratte (c) Uniquely (d) Coldly (d) Contemptibble
(c) Collaborate (d) Collabarate 18. (a) Benefecial (b) Regular 30. (a) Efflorescence (b) Eflorescence
8. (a) Scriptur (b) Scriptare (c) Despise (d) Deprave (c) Efllorescence (d) Efflorascence
(c) Scripture (d) Scripcher 19. (a) Narrator (b) Oversear 31. (a) Exterminatte (b) Inexpliccable
9. (a) Commettee (c) Pretence (d) Licence (c) Reffere (d) Offspring
(b) Committee 20. (a) Seperation (b) Desertion
(c) Committe 32. (a) Friming (b) Burning
(c) Serenity (d) Rejoice
(d) Commitee (c) Runing (d) Fryng
10. (a) Obssesion Directions (Q. Nos. 21-40) Find the 33. (a) Sychological (b) Psychological
(b) Obsession correctly spelt words. (c) Psykological (d) Sykological
(c) Obssession
21. (a) Reminiscent (b) Reminicent 34. (a) Velnerable (b) Vulnerable
(d) Obsessien
(c) Riminisent (d) Reminisent (c) Vulnarable (d) Valnerable
Spellings 99
35. (a) Palete (b) Palet 42. (a) Deteriorate (b) Deteriorrate 48. (a) Cuffe (b) Cough
(c) Palate (d) Pelate (c) Detariorate (d) Deterriorate (c) Cuf (d) Kough
36. (a) Faithfuly (b) Sincerely 43. (a) Knoledgeable (b) Knowledgeable 49. (a) Misterious
(c) Truely (d) Affectionatly (c) Knowledgable (d) Knowledgeble (b) Mistereous
(c) Mysterious
37. (a) Perverted (b) Pervirted 44. (a) Renaissance
(d) Mystereousf
(c) Parverted (d) Parvirted (b) Renaisance
38. (a) Ditheering (b) Dethering (c) Renassance 50. (a) Dictionery
(c) Dithering (d) Detheering (d) Renaissancee (b) Dectionary
(c) Dictionary
39. (a) Composure (b) Cumposure 45. (a) Fictiteous
(d) Dictienary
(c) Composore (d) Cumposore (b) Fictisious
(c) Fictitieous
40. (a) Conssensus
(d) Fictitious
ANSWERS
(b) Consenssus
(c) Consensus 46. (a) Annoyence 1 (c) 2 (c) 3 (a) 4 (b) 5 (a)
(b) Annayonce 6 (d) 7 (c) 8 (c) 9 (b) 10 (b)
(d) Conssenssus
11 (a) 12 (b) 13 (d) 14 (c) 15 (b)
Directions (Q. Nos. 41-50) Four (c) Annoyance
16 (d) 17 (b) 18 (a) 19 (b) 20 (a)
words are given in each question, out (d) Anoyance
21 (a) 22 (b) 23 (a) 24 (d) 25 (c)
of which only one word is correctly 47. (a) Posibility 26 (c) 27 (a) 28 (a) 29 (c) 30 (a)
spelt. Find the correctly spelt word. (b) Possibility 31 (d) 32 (b) 33 (b) 34 (b) 35 (c)
(c) Posibbility 36 (b) 37 (a) 38 (c) 39 (a) 40 (c)
41. (a) Juvinile (b) Juvenile
(d) Possebility 41 (b) 42 (a) 43 (b) 44 (a) 45 (d)
(c) Juvinnile (d) Juvenille 46 (c) 47 (b) 48 (b) 49 (c) 50 (c)
100 JKSSB Assistant Compiler (Finance) Recruitment Exam
CHAPTER 06
Rearrangement
of Sentences
Sentence/word rearrangement is concerned with putting D. It took much wisdom to answer these questions.
the sentences or words in the correct order. These sentences (a) BADC (b) CABD
are the part of a logical or thoughtful paragraph. (c) ABCD (d) BACD
Questions based on rearrangement are usually of Ans. (a)
two types.
Type 2
Type 1 ● In second type, the initial part of the sentence is given as
● In first type, a paragraph is split into four sentences and a hint and rest of the sentence is split into some parts
labelled as A, B, C, D or P, Q, R, S. You are required to which are not given in their proper order. You are
arrange these sentences in a proper order to form a required to rearrange these parts so as to produce a
coherent and meaningful paragraph and choose meaningful sentence.
the option that gives the correct sequence as your
Example (Type 2) Out of the four options given, select the most
answer.
logical order of the sentences to form a coherent paragraph.
Example (Type 1) Given below are four jumbled sentences. Out of Cars were owned by
the given options, pick the one that gives their correct order.
A. only a privileged few and
A. He often asked questions which were strange and B. my class of society was
witty. C. as yet untouched by it
B. Emperor Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles (a) ABC (b) CBA
and puzzles to his courtiers. (c) CAB (d) BCA
C. Once he asked a strange question that a confused
Ans. (a)
everyone.
Practice Questions
Directions (Q. Nos. 1-15) In the following 2. The inspector argued that no force S : carry out their duties promptly
questions, some parts have been jumbled up. was used (a) R S P Q
You are required to rearrange these parts, P : beyond that was necessary to (b) P R Q S
which are labelled P, Q, R and S, to produce put an end to the disturbances (c) R S Q P
the correct sentence. Q : by the police (d) P Q R S
1. When R : produced 4. The concept of death

P : it becomes an honour of a S : by the anti-social elements P : that it has been reduced
lifetime (a) Q P R S (b) S P R Q Q : as an inevitability
(c) P S R Q
Q : in recognition of their great R : is so ancient
(d) Q R P S
performance S : to a cliche
R : illustrious personalities 3. Though my father (a) S P R Q
S : win an award P : he is deeply concerned (b) Q R P S
(a) R P Q S (b) P Q R S Q : about their needs (c) S R P Q
(c) Q R S P (d) R S Q P R : makes his children (d) Q P R S
Rearrangement of Sentences 101
5. The specific 12. The Portuguese, 17. A. On the morning of April 12,
P : ability requirements of the job P : had a great talent Gopal rose at 5.30 am.
Q : depend on the Q : as also for choosing the right B. Then he drove to the Joggers
R : required for adequate job place to.build Park which was four km away.
performance R : for building houses C. There he met his group of
S : intellectual or physical abilities S : who arrived in Goa 400 years walking enthusiasts.
(a) P Q R S (b) S R Q P ago D. He put on his track suit and
(c) P R Q S (d) S Q R P (a) R P S Q (b) S Q R P walking shoes.
(c) R Q S P (d) S P R Q (a) C B A D (b) A D B C
6. In life
13. The unfortunate reality (c) D C A B (d) A C B D
P : some rules are
Q : as in business P : as a result of this decline 18. A. Her father had been stuck in
R : they seem almost instinctive England is an elevator for six hours.
S : learnt so early that Q : peripheral sport in England and B. Esha had heard from her
(a) R S P Q R : is cricket is today a parents about a blackout
(b) Q P S R S : peripheral to world cricket caused by a sudden storm.
(c) R P S Q (a) S Q P R (b) R P Q S C. She had to grope in the dark
(d) Q S P R (c) S P Q R (d) R Q P S and cook by the candlelight.
7. For thousands of years 14. All precautionary measures were D. Her mother’s story had been
P : one of the most important fruits taken quite different from his.
P : to prevent the capture of booths (a) C A D B (b) B A D C
Q : the strange fruit of this bush
Q : during the election (c) B D C A (d) A D C B
R : of the mediterranean region
S : has been regarded as R : by the Government 19. A. But when their short racing
(a) P Q R S (b) Q S P R S : by the terrorists careers are over, greyhounds
(c) P S Q R (d) Q R P S (a) S P R Q (b) Q S P R are adopted as household pets.
(c) R P S Q (d) R Q P S B. Greyhound racing is a popular
8. If
15. Making spectator sport in the United
P : no amount of experience could
P : had formed from the receding States.
alter them
Q : they could be fixed at birth and tide C. They worry that the greyhounds
Q : I noticed a man fishing in would need a large space to
R : completely dictated by heredity
R : my way to a favourite fishing run to get sufficient exercise.
S : personality characteristics were
(a) Q R S P (b) S P Q R spot D. Unfortunately, many people
(c) Q P S R (d) S R Q P S : a very small pool of water that hesitate to adopt a retired
(a) S P Q R (b) R Q S P racing greyhound as a pet.
9. The Great Powers are engaged (a) D A C B (b) D B C A
(c) S Q R P (d) R P S Q
P : in spite of common knowledge (c) B A D C (d) B D A C
Q : in arming themselves to the Directions (Q. Nos. 16-30) Given below
are four jumbled sentences. Out of the given 20. A. The subjects taught in the
teeth,
Gurukul varied from Sanskrit
R : total destruction of the human options, pick the one that gives their correct to Mathematics.
race order. B. Indian education has its roots
S : that another war will mean in the ancient ages.
16. A. Gone are the days when you
(a) Q R S P (b) S P Q R C. However this system changed
stayed with one firm for your
(c) Q P S R (d) S R Q P when the British came to India.
entire career and made lifelong
10. Everyone knows that friends in the office. D. In those days the Gurukul
P : it’s difficult B. This phenomenon was noted in system was followed.
Q : to speak more politely a recent research report which (a) D C A B (b) B C A D
R : to go to the manager (c) C B A D (d) B D A C
found that the median tenure
S : and tell him that he ought for employees below the age of 21. A. But after a while they all began
(a) Q S R P (b) P R S Q 30 is just two years. to blur in our memories.
(c) Q R S P (d) P S R Q C. The research report stated that B. When we arrived in Bangkok,
11. The Government has assured the young people today are we took a tour of the city’s
people that famous Buddhist temples.
tempted to switch jobs quickly.
C. However there was one temple,
P : in the Kargil operation D. As job longevity becomes a the Temple of Golden Buddha,
Q : who have sacrificed their lives phenomenon of the past, there which left an indelible
R : will be properly looked after is a change in attitude in the impression in our hearts and
S : the families of all those modern generation towards minds.
soldiers employment. D. We visited numerous temples
(a) P S R Q (b) S Q P R (a) D B C A (b) B A D C that day.
(c) S R Q P (d) S P R Q (c) C D A B (d) D C B A (a) B A C D (b) DCBA
(c) A D B C (d) BDAC
22. A. We even fail to recognise that (a) D B A C (b) CBDA Directions (Q. Nos. 31-49) Rearrange the
their call of duty keeps them (c) B C D A (d) CDAB parts of the sentence in correct order.
away from their families. 27. A. Today, man is master of the 31. In developing countries today
B. Yet, we often fail to appreciate world and he makes the P : urban health conditions
these sacrifices that they animals do what he likes. Q : than rural health conditions
make. B. Others he eats; and those like R : seem to be better
C. They make countless sacrifices the lion and the tiger, he (a) P R Q (b) P Q R
for the nation and keep us safe shoots for pleasure. (c) Q R P (d) R P Q
from our enemies.
C. Early man, when he first 32. All the sound reasons
D. The uniformed men and
came, must have been P : ever given for conserving
women are our unsung heroes.
surrounded by many huge Q : to the conservation of wildlife
(a) D A B C (b) D C B A
(c) A B C D (d) C B A D
animals and he must have lived R : other natural resources apply
in fear of them. (a) P R Q (b) R Q P
23. A. They used thin twigs called D. Some he tames like the horse, (c) P Q R (d) Q R P
chew sticks as tooth cleaners. the cow, the elephant, the dog,
B. The fuzzy end was rubbed 33. The art of
the cat and so many others.
against the teeth to keep them P : efforts and practice
(a) C A D B
clean. Q : fruit of persistent
(b) C B D A
C. These sticks were fuzzy at one (c) A C B D
R : effective presentation is the
end. (a) Q P R (b) R P Q
(d) B C D A
(c) R Q P (d) P R Q
D. How did people clean their
28. A. This code contains information
teeth before the toothbrush about its nature. 34. The Greek plays
was invented? P : maintain an extremely
B. Each living organism has a
(a) D B C A (b) A C B D
DNA code. Q : particularly the tragedies,
(c) D A C B (d) B C A D R : high intellectual level
C. If this genetic material is
24. A. One population lives in the (a) P Q R (b) R P Q
altered, it would alter the
Bwindi National Park in Uganda. (c) Q R P (d) Q P R
organism.
B. Mountain gorillas are some of D. The nature of an individual is 35. The whole biosphere, like
the most threatened animals determined by the unique P : a chemically dynamic state
on the planet. genetic material in the code. Q : the individual organisms that
C. Only two groups of mountain (a) D C A B (b) D B C A R : live inside it, exists in
gorillas remain. (c) B A D C (d) B C D A (a) R Q P (b) Q R P (c) Q P R (d) P Q R
D. The other group lives in the 29. A. Yet, it is India that is the 36. For ages,
Virunga Mountains. home of the malnourished P : the Indian psyche has been
(a) B D C A (b) C D B A child.
(c) A B C D (d) B C A D Q : geared towards devoting one’s life
B. Some major ones are lack of R : to the welfare of all
25. A. Yet, whatever was printed was food, sanitation and proper (a) P Q R (b) R Q P
profound and even inspirational. healthcare. (c) P R Q (d) Q P R
B. In pre-independence India C. The reasons for malnutrition
there were two kinds of among Indian children are 37. Many a bird found
newspapers. many. A- secure in the branches
C. The other spoke of the D. Millions of rupees have been B- safety in the trees and
aspirations of the people and spent on child care in the C- built their nests, feeling
pointed out injustice. country. (a) B A C (b) B C A
D. One set was supportive of the (a) C B A D (b) D C A B (c) A C B (d) A B C
colonial power. (c) D A C B (d) A C B D 38. I learnt he had
(a) D C A B (b) B D C A 30. A. For them, it’s like a magic A. spoke about yoga, slums and
(c) A B D C (d) B A C D carpet, their version of a car. Indian
26. A. Little did she know that I was B. All kids want to be older, so B. never been to India, yet he
out of job once again. from an early age they C. cinema with conviction
B. But all the money soon imitate their parents or (a) A C B (b) B A C
vanished into the bottomless siblings. (c) A B C (d) C B A
pit of household needs. C. While cycling they imagine 39. If your ward talks
C. I returned home with my they are doing adult things or A. well to convince you, be
pockets full of my earnings. being adults. B. social and interpersonal
D. However, my grandmother was D. Bikes offer them a chance to be creativity
happy that I had become independent. C. proud that he or she has
responsible. (a) A D C B (b) D C B A (a) B A C (b) A C B
(c) B D A C (d) B A C D (c) B C A (d) A B C
Rearrangement of Sentences 103
40. Today, less privileged white Q : of data, information, and 47. Elections globally
P : Americans are considered to be R : communication is considerably P : dominated by numbers,
Q : and pathologists predominates (a) R Q P (b) R P Q (c) P R Q (d) Q R P percentages
R : in crisis, and the language of 44. Williamson shoveled scorn on Q : and tallies
sociologists P : the low-income white R : can be dry affairs
(a) P R Q (b) Q P R (c) R P Q (d) Q R P Republican voters who, (a) R Q P (b) P Q R
(c) R P Q (d) Q R P
41. It may not be a simple Q : were most responsible for the
P : someone does stand to gain rise of Trump 48. It is the right to
Q : by keeping farmers divided R : as he saw it, P : who see us at our most
R : case of “divide and rule”, but (a) P R Q (b) R Q P vulnerable
(a) Q P R (b) P Q R (c) Q P R (d) Q R P Q : the indiscretions of doctors
(c) R P Q (d) Q R P 45. This may be essential at R : privacy that protects us
42. This alone P : where the market fails to from
deliver (a) Q R P (b) Q P R
P : should alert us to what
(c) P R Q (d) R Q P
Q : is actually about Q : swath of an economy
R : the demand for a Uniform Civil R : times, but there is a wide 49. We should learn our lesson
Code (a) Q R P (b) Q P R (c) P R Q (d) R Q P P : from this history and stay away
(a) P R Q (b) P Q R 46. It is a crisis which Q : of our neighbours
(c) Q P R (d) R P Q P : unless policymakers R : from interfering in the messy
43. Ensuring security Q : exercise some intelligence domestic politics
P : harder than hacking into a R : will get even worse (a) P R Q (b) P Q R
system (a) R P Q (b) R Q P (c) P Q R (d) Q P R (c) Q P R (d) R P Q
ANSWERS
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (b)
11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (d) 14. (c) 15. (b) 16. (a) 17. (b) 18. (b) 19. (c) 20. (d)
21. (d) 22. (b) 23. (c) 24. (d) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (a) 28. (c) 29. (c) 30. (c)
31. (a) 32. (a) 33. (c) 34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (a) 37. (b) 38. (b) 39. (b) 40. (a)
41. (c) 42. (a) 43. (d) 44. (a) 45. (d) 46. (a) 47. (c) 48. (d) 49. (a)
PRACTICE SET 01 3
CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language
Practice Set 01
Instructions 40 questions to be attempted out of 50. Time : 60 Min
Directions (Passage 1-10) Read the following passges V. Nutrition Value: Ingredients used in Adivasi food are a
carefully and answer the questions that follow great source of nutrition in addition to taste. Studies
have revealed that Adivasi food provides high immunity
Passage 1 to diseases and protection from deformities. Food like
I. Food is an important part of our identity and culture. tubers, shoots, berries, nuts, etc. are a good source of
We are known by what we eat. It reflects the geography protein and fat. The consumption of meat, fish, egg,
to which we belong and the locally available resources shellfish, etc., provides good quality protein apart from
used in our cuisine. Adivasi food systems are deeply important vitamins and minerals. Widely consumed
embedded in local culture and traditions, given that the wild or grown tubers enrich their dietary requirement
way of life of these indigenous peoples is so closely of calcium, iron, mineral elements and vitamins.
linked to nature and its resources.
1. The mention of medicinal plants and herbal products
II. Jharkhand is a natural abode and home to numerous makes the writer seem.
Adivasi communities constituting a little over 25% of (a) Commend (b) Thankless
the total population. These communities, in addition to (c) Appreciative (d) Critical
their rich social and cultural traditions, practice 2. Alliteration refers to the occurrence of the same letter
immensely diverse food practices which are based on or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely
locally available resources and techniques. Such connected words.
Adivasi food systems have been instrumental in Select the option that contains a word from the
maintaining the sovereignty and self-reliance of these passage that will form an alliteration with ‘Adivasi
communities. They have taken many varieties of food of Jharkhand’.
vegetables and tubers, wild or grown, to enrich their (a) Sovereignty (b) Ingredients
diet and also to meet their requirements of calcium, (c) Features (d) Medicinal
iron, minerals and vitamins. 3. Select the option that suitably completes the given
III. The realm of medicinal plants and herbal products is dialogue as per the context on the passage.
even vaster. According to the All India Coordinated Jaya That seminar about the Adivasis was very
Research Project on Ethnobiology, tribal communities informative but I don’t think I can ever eat what they eat.
are acquainted with the use of over 9,000 species of Rishi Why are you saying that? Their food ……… .
plants including food plants, while specifically for the (a) is so different from ours
purpose of healing they know the use of around 7,500 (b) is so rich in nutrition
species of plants. (c) is made up raw materials
(d) is obtained from medicinal plants
IV. The Adivasi food of Jharkhand may be defined in terms
of a few characteristic features: food is influenced by 4. What is the relationship between (1) and (2)?
physiological needs and geographical conditions and (1) Such Adivasi food systems have been instrumental
in maintaining the sovereignty and self-reliance of
the habit is closely associated with habitat. This means
these communities.
food habits are guided by locally available resources.
(2) This means food habits are guided by locally
Adivasis consume boiled food like rice, pulses, herbs or
available resources.
‘saag’ and on some occasions, animal or bird meat is (a) (1) is the reason for (2).
roasted on a fire. Because of these consistent food (b) (2) elaborates the problem described in (1).
habits that are based on locally available resources, (c) (1) gives the motive behind (2)
instances of serious diseases are considerably lower (d) (2) explains the problem discussed in (1)
among Adivasis.
5. The sentence “We are known by what we eat” means 10. The writer mentions that ‘food is an important part of
that our identity and culture’.
(a) It’s important to eat good food in order to be healthy and Pick the option that closely gives the meaning of the
fit. statement.
(b) We become famous by the kind of food we eat. (a) Culture is what makes everyone different from who they
(c) Healthful and nutritious food is the reason behind our are and where they originate.
fame. (b) Food is family treasure in a way that the recipes are
(d) People remember us because of our eating habits. passed on from one generation to another.
6. Select the option that states the reason behind the (c) As the world becomes more globalised, it is easier to access
statement- “Adivasi food provides high immunity to cuisines from different cultures.
(d) How we eat and talk about food is a different key part of
diseases and protection from deformities”.
our identities.
(a) The food of Adivasis have more protein and fibre.
(b) The food of Adivasis have a rich balance of protein,
vitamins and minerals. Passage 2
(c) Adivasis grow their own food themselves. Democratic societies from the earliest times have expected
(d) Adivasis know the use of around 7,500 species of plants. their governments to protect the weak against the strong. No
7. Which of the following statements is/are true in the ‘‘era of good feeling’’ can justify discharging the police force
context of the passage? or giving up the idea of public control over concentrated
1. Studies have revealed that as the Adivasi food is private wealth.
rich in nutrients, it provides high immunity to On the other hand, it is obvious that a spirit of self-denial
disease and protection from deformities.
and moderation on the part of those who hold economic
2. Most of the Adivasis have frequent cases of serious power will greatly soften the demand for absolute equality.
diseases due to their consistent eating habits.
Men are more interested in freedom and security than in an
3. Adivasi food provides ample amount of proteins, equal distribution of wealth. The extent to which
vitamins and minerals to boost the immune system
Government must interfere with business, therefore, is not
of the eater.
exactly measured by the extent to which economic power is
4. Adivasi communities cover more than 34% of
concentrated into a few hands.
Jharkhand- which is their natural house.
(a) Only 1 (b) Both 1 and 2 The required degree of government interference depends
(c) Both 1 and 3 (d) Only 4 mainly on whether economic powers are oppressively used
8. Which quote summarises the writer’s feelings about and on the necessity of keeping economic factors in a
the Adivasi’s food and culture as described in the ‘tolerable state of balance.’
passage? But with the necessity of meeting all these dangers and
(a) If you keep good food in your fridge, you will eat good food. threats to liberty, the powers of government are unavoidably
–Errick Mc Adams increased, whichever political party may be in office. The
(b) It’s health that is real wealth and not pieces of Gold and
Silver. –Mahatma Gandhi
growth of government is a necessary result of the growth of
(c) Eating healthy food fills your body with energy and technology and of the problems that go with the use of
nutrients. Imagine your cells smiling back at you and machines and science. Since the government in our nation,
saying: ‘Thank You!. –Karen Salmansohn as well as in all civilised nations, must take on more powers
(d) A Journey of thousand miles begins with a single step. to meet its problems, there is no way to preserve freedom
–Lao Tzu except by making democracy more powerful.
9. Select the option that lists what we can conclude from 11. ‘Era of good feeling’ in second sentence can mean
the passage. (a) time of prosperity (b) time of adversity
(1) Adivasis are self-reliant and have a good immune (c) time without government (d) time of police atrocities
system as they eat nutritious food that is available
as per their natural resources. 12. ‘Tolerable state of balance’ in the last sentence of the
(2) Adivasis are self-reliant and have good immune first paragraph may mean
(a) a reasonable amount of government interference
system as they eat every kind of food that is given to
(b) an adequate level of police force
them by their governing agencies.
(c) a reasonable check on economic power
(3) Adivasis are self-reliant, modern and have good (d) a reasonable level of economic equality
knowledge of healing properties.
(4) Adivasis are not self-reliant but have good immune 13. A spirit of moderation on the part of the economically
system as they eat nutritious food that is available sound people would make the less-privileged
as per their natural resources. (a) unhappy with their lot
(b) clamour less for absolute equality
(a) Only (1) is true (b) Both (1) and (3) are true
(c) unhappy the rich people
(c) Both (2) and (3) are true (d) Only (4) is true
(d) more interested in freedom and security
PRACTICE SET 01 5
14. The advent of science and technology has shade and hides in a fist. The crisp, bright, gold ‘muga’
(a) increased the chances of economic inequality silk, exclusive to Assam, is of superior quality and very
(b) increased the freedom of people costly. Mekhela chadars made from ‘muga’ are
(c) increased the powers of the government gracefully draped by dancers during Rongali Bihu, the
(d) increased the tyranny of the political parties traditional festival of Assam. ‘Muga’, the golden silk of
15. The growth of government is necessitated Assam, was given the Geographical Indication status in
(a) to curb the accumulation of wealth in a few hands 2007 and the GI logo in 2014.
(b) to deploy the police force wisely
16. Which of the following statements is not substantiated
(c) to monitor science and technology
in paragraph IV?
(d) to make the rich and the poor happy
(a) The paat silk mekhela chadars have intricate designs
made from different colors of silk threads.
Passage 3 (b) The silk chadars are made only of limited colors like
I. As we speed our way from Guwahati towards Sualkuchi, golden, red, green and blue because of their maximum
vivid images of colourful silk mekhela chadars flood my liking by the customers.
(c) The mekhela chadars are made in all different types of
mind. This is my second visit to Sualkuchi. Sualkuchi is colors.
endearingly referred to as the Manchester of the East. (d) The paat silk mekhela chadars have complex designs made
Situated on the northern banks of the Brahmaputra, it out of golden silk threads.
is famous for its centuries-old heritage of weaving.
17. Onomatopoeia refers to the formation of a word from a
When I reach Sualkuchi, I can hear the rhythmic sound associated with what is named.
click-clack of the traditional throw-shuttle loom. From the options given below, choose a word that is an
II. Here, weaving is not just a tradition handed down by example of onamotopoeia.
generations, but a way of life and a labour of love. The (a) Click - clack (b) Creepers
majority of the families have hand operated looms, (c) Throw shuttle (d) White paat
which they call ‘taatxaal’. “I’ve been weaving for more 18. Select the option that lists central idea of paragraph
than 25 years now; I still love the craft,” says Binita Roy, V.
a weaver working here. As I ask Binita about the (a) Muga, the golden silk of Assam.
different designs used in the silk garments, I’m amazed (b) Assam’s floura and fauna depicted in the mekehla chadars.
at the sheer beauty of the motifs. A popular design used (c) The famous golden tea of Assam.
(d) Mekhela chadars- the identity of Sualkuchi in Assam.
in mekhela chadars is the ‘kinkhaap’. It is believed that
this design has been used since the days of the Ahom 19. The writer’s question to Binita, about knowing about
kings and consists of two front-facing lions. Other the different designs, was intended to
popular designs include those inspired by Assamese (a) Criticize her creativity and lack of abilities.
jewellery like the ‘gaamkharu’ (a wrist band) or (b) Make the process of creating designs sound simple.
(c) Encourage Binita to join a textile design course.
‘joonbiri’ (a half moon-shaped pendant) and the
(d) Showcase her expertise in creating designs.
kaziranga design inspired by the wildlife at Kaziranga
National Park. These days, colored silk threads are 20. The ‘gaamkharu’ and the ‘joonbiri’ designs have been
bought from South India as it is not commercially viable inspired by
to dye the silks before weaving here. (a) The Kaziranga National Park
(b) The Assamese jewellery
III. Assam’s flora and fauna often sneak into its mekhela (c) The traditional Rangali Bihu festival
chadars. Creepers are woven into borders, peacocks (d) The Ahom kings
prance about the chadars, and delicate, geometric
flowers dot the bodies of the mekhelas. Occasionally, Passage 4
pots and lions too make an appearance. The more I I. Family is one of the few universal and permanent
learn about the tedious procedure of weaving, the more institutions of mankind. In every society and at every
my respect for the craft grows. stage of development we found some sort of family. As a
IV. There are mekhela chadars in different colours: red, result, we found different types of family all over the
blue, green, purple and blue as well as white, beige, world. But in India we found a peculiar family system
black and grey. The ‘paat’ silk mekhela chadars have which deserves special attention. The family in India
intricate designs made out of golden silk threads or does not consist only of husband, wife and their
guna all over. In some of them, different coloured children but also of uncles, aunts, cousins and
threads are also used. grandsons.
V. The white ‘paat’ silk, warm ‘eri’ and the golden ‘muga’ II. This system is called joint family or extended family
silk threads are made into exquisite chadars, saris, system. This joint family system is a peculiar
shawls, dress materials, rihas and ‘gamochas’. The characteristic of the Indian social life. Usually, a son
‘paat’ fabric is often described as one that dries in the
after marriage does not separate himself from the 22. Select the option that lists what we can conclude from
parents but continues to live under the same roof, the passage.
eating food cooked at one hearth, participating in (1) The family in India does not consist only of
common worship and holding property in common with husband, wife and their children but also of uncles,
every person’s share in it. aunts and cousins and grandsons.
(2) The joint family is based on close blood
III. All the members of joint family keep their earnings in a
relationships and kinship.
common fund out of which family expenses are met.
(3) One of the main advantages of a joint family system
Accordingly, Indian Joint family system is like a
is the strong bonding it creates among siblings and
socialistic community in which every member earns other members of the family.
according to their capacity and receives according to (4) The food is cooked in different firesides but eaten at
their needs. This family is formed on the basis of close a common place with all the heads in the leading
blood relationships. It normally consists of members of roles.
three to four generations. (a) (1) and (2) are true (b) (1), (2) and (3) are true
IV. In other words, joint family is a collection of more than (c) (2) and (4) are true (d) (1), (3) and (4) are true
one primary family on the basis of close blood ties and 23. Which quote summarises the writer’s feelings in the
common residences. All the members are bound by best manner about the joint family system?
mutual obligations and have a common ancestor. It (a) When everything goes to hell, the people who stand by you
consists of an individual, his wife and married sons, without flinching, they are your family. –Jim Butcher
their children and unmarried daughter, his brother and (b) Joint Family : Divided by property but united by heart. –
Harshita Ashwani
his parents. But to have a clear understanding of the
(c) Nobody has ever before asked the nuclear family to live all
meaning of joint family, we must have to analyse its by itself in a box the way we do. –Margaret Mead
definitions given by different sociologists. (d) Happiness is having a large, loving, caring, close-knit
V. Some of these definitions are as follows: family in another city. –George Burns
(1) According to Smt. Iravati Karve, “A joint family is a 24. Which board can be chosen as displaying the title of
group of people who generally live under one roof, the above passage?
who eat food cooked at one hearth, who hold (a) Global Joint Family System
property in common and who participate in (b) Members of Joint Family
(c) Indian Joint Family
common worship and are related to each other as
(d) Types of Families in India
some particular type of Kindred.”
(2) According to K.M. Kapadia, “Joint family is a group 25. The writer mentions ‘This family is formed on the
formed not only of a couple and their children but basis of close blood relationships.’
Pick the option that closely gives the meaning of the
also of other relations either from father’s side or
statement.
from mother’s side depending on whether the joint (a) The joint family members are a coherent group who follow
family is patrilineal or matrilineal.” the same culture and ties of blood.
Thus, we conclude that the joint family comprises of (b) The child who cares for the parents usually receives the
a large number of members which has greater house in addition to his or her own share of land and
moveable property in joint families.
generation depth and who are related to one
(c) An extended family can also be called a complex family,
another by property, income, household and mutual joint family, or multi-generational family.
rights and obligations. (d) With globalisation and increasing urbanisation, people
have become more individualistic and consider family
21. Which of the following statement/statements is not secondary.
true in the context of the passage?
A. Indian Joint family system is like a connected
system in which every member earns according to
Passage 5
their capacity and receives according to their needs. I. Many of us believe that ‘small’ means ‘insignificant’.
B. The joint family is an extension of the nuclear We believe that small actions and choices do not have
family (parents and dependent children). much impact on our lives. We think that it is only the
C. Non-earning members have as much share as the big things, the big actions and the big decisions that
earning members in the joint family system due to really count. But when you look at the lives of all great
the common funds. people, you will see that they built their character
D. The entire members in the joint family system are through small decisions, small choices and small
not bound by mutual obligations and are free to actions that they performed every day. They
take their independent decisions. transformed their lives through a step-by-step or
(a) Only (A) (b) Both (A) and (B) day-by-day approach. They nurtured and nourished
(c) Both (A) and (C) (d) Only (D) their good habits and chipped away at their bad habits,
PRACTICE SET 01 7
one step at a time. It was their small day-to-day (c) gradually criticised bad habits.
decisions that added up to make a tremendous (d) did not like bad habits.
difference in the long run. Indeed, in matters of 28. How great people transform their lives?
personal growth and character building, there is no (a) They approach life on a day-by-day basis.
such thing as an overnight success. (b) They build character in small ways.
(c) They believe in performing every day.
II. Growth always occurs through a sequential series of
(d) All of these
stages. There is an organic process to growth. When we
look at children growing up, we can see this process at 29. The word ……… in para 3 means ‘purposely ’.
work: the child first learns to crawl, then to stand and (a) Consistently (b) Deliberately
walk, and finally to run. The same is true in the natural (c) Universal (d) Risked
world. The soil must first be tilled, and then the seed 30. The word ……… in para 1 is an antonym of ‘slight’.
must be sowed. Next, it must be nurtured with enough (a) Insignificant (b) Nurtured
water and sunlight, and only then will it grow, bear fruit (c) Nourished (d) Tremendous
and finally ripen and be ready to eat. 31. Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word.
III. Gandhi understood this organic process and used this TURBULENT
universal law of nature to his benefit. Gandhi grew in (a) Raging (b) Peaceful
small ways, in his day-to-day affairs. He did not wake up (c) Forceful (d) Swirling
one day and find himself to be the ‘Mahatma’. In fact, 32. Select the most appropriate sequence from the given
there was nothing much in his early life that showed options to make a meaningful paragraph from jumbled
signs of greatness. But from his mid-twenties onwards, sentences.
he deliberately and consistently attempted to change A. Security cameras captured the whole incident.
himself, reform himself and grow in some small way B. Commuters in Virginia, USA got a shock when a
every day. Day-by-day, hour-by-hour, he risked failure, deer entered a metro station.
experimented and learnt from mistakes. In small and C. However, it eventually backed out and ran away
large situations alike, he took up rather than avoiding unharmed.
responsibility. D. Nobody knows how it made into the station.
IV. People have always marvelled at the effortless way in (a) DCBA (b) BADC
which Gandhi could accomplish the most difficult (c) BDCA (d) ADCB
tasks. He displayed a great deal of self-mastery and 33. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
discipline that was amazing. These things did not come I have visited several places in India, but I ……… the
easily to him. Years of practice and disciplined training Andaman and Nicobar Islands yet.
went into making his successes possible. Very few saw (a) haven’t been visiting (b) didn’t visit
his struggles, fears, doubts and anxieties, or his inner (c) haven’t visited (d) don’t visit
efforts to overcome them. They saw the victory, but not 34. Select the most appropriate word for the given group
the struggle. of words.
V. This is a common factor in the lives of all great people: A dome- shaped shelter built from blocks of solid snow
they exercised their freedoms and choices in small ways used by Eskimos
that made great impact on their lives and their (a) Wigwam (b) Yurt
environment. Each of their small decisions and actions, (c) Tepee (d) Igloo
added up to have a profound impact in the long run. By 35. Select the most appropriate meaning of the given
understanding this principle, we can move forward idiom.
with confidence in the direction of our dreams. Often The trouble makers took to their heels when they saw
when our ‘ideal goal’ looks too far from us, we become the police coming.
easily discouraged, disheartened and pessimistic. (a) hid themselves (b) ran away
However, when we choose to grow in small ways, taking (c) faced them boldly (d) prepared to fight
small steps one at a time, performing it becomes easy. 36. Select the wrongly spelt word.
26. The main idea in the first paragraph is that (a) Medieval (b) Measure
(a) big things, big actions and big decisions make a person great. (c) Magazine (d) Machenic
(b) small actions and decisions are important in one’s life. 37. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
(c) overnight success is possible for all of us.
The rescue team dug out a soldier from the snow ……
(d) personal changes are not important.
how he could have survived for seven days buried
27. The line “Chipped away at their bad habits” given in under it.
the passage means (a) wondering (b) wondered
(a) steadily gave up bad habits. (c) to wonder (d) wonder
(b) slowly produced bad habits.
38. Select the most appropriate sequence from the given 43. Fill in the blank with the most appropriate idiom.
options to make a meaningful paragraph from jumbled This is strictly ……… but some changes are going to
sentences. happen in the company in the near future.
A. It is because nowadays people have no time for (a) off the rails (b) off the key
recreation. (c) off the mark (d) off the record
B. But this pastime is getting out of favour now.
44. Select the most appropriate word for the given group
C. It is really a thrilling exercise. of words.
D. Flying kites is my favourite pastime. The cultivation of grapevines
(a) DCBA (b) CDAB (a) Agriculture (b) Horticulture
(c) DBAC (d) BCDA (c) Viticulture (d) Sericulture
39. Select the most appropriate word for the given group 45. Select the most appropriate synonym of the given
of words. word.
The Science which studies the crust of the Earth Evidence
(a) Zoology (b) Etymology (a) Indication (b) Refutation
(c) Biology (d) Geology (c) Denial (d) Concealment
40. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank. 46. Select the wrongly spelt word.
Bhanu made a working model of an airplane ……… (a) Lathargy (b) Latter
when he was sixteen. (c) Lateral (d) Latitude
(a) itself (b) himself
47. Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word.
(c) oneself (d) herself
Cogent
41. Select the most appropriate antonym of the given (a) Convincing (b) Weak
word. (c) Ineffective (d) Pathetic
Empathy 48. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
(a) Appreciation (b) Warmth
In view of the excessive heat, schools in Delhi remained
(c) Sympathy (d) Apathy
closed ……… a week in July.
42. Select the most appropriate sequence from the given (a) for (b) about
options to make a meaningful paragraph from jumbled (c) in (d) to
sentences.
49. Select the wrongly spelt word.
A. They appeared to be posing for ‘selfies’.
(a) Naucea (b) Naughty
B. An expeditioner had left it sitting on the ice while (c) Naturalistic (d) Nautical
he visited a rookery.
C. In Antarctica, two penguins found a video camera. 50. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
D. The penguins curiously stared down at the camera. Right from the beginning ……… government’s focus
has been on ……… development of the country.
(a) CBDA (b) CADB
(a) the, the (b) a, the
(c) DACB (d) BCDA
(c) the, a (d) a, no word required
ANSWERS
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (b)
11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (d) 16. (b) 17. (a) 18. (a) 19. (d) 20. (b)
21. (d) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (a) 26. (b) 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (b) 30. (d)
31. (b) 32. (c) 33. (c) 34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (d) 37. (a) 38. (a) 39. (d) 40. (b)
41. (d) 42. (a) 43. (d) 44. (c) 45. (a) 46. (a) 47. (a) 48. (a) 49. (a) 50. (a)
PRACTICE SET 02 9
CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language
Practice Set 02
Instructions 40 questions to be attempted out of 50. Time : 60 Min
Directions (Passage No. 1-5) Read the following passges As long as my impact is positive, my presence will be
carefully and answer the questions that follow. welcome. If it is otherwise, I am going to be shunned. It is
either ‘Embrace’ or ‘Embarrass’.
Passage 1 Green initiatives are anti — scorch earth. Air, water and soil
The world is big but in a sense, it starts from me. Knowledge need to be conserved for the thriving of mankind in future.
and awareness about my own self has to precede my The increasing onslaughts on the quality of air and soil need
knowledge of things other than me. If I want the external to be reversed. The indiscriminate exploitation of water —
environment to appreciate a value, I need to do it by myself, consumable water is only 0.3% of fresh water — needs to be
first. In order to make the atmosphere around me green, I stopped. The earth ought not to shrink further, continue to
have to be green myself, in belief and action. breathe easy. Mother earth looks for only love and care from
From dusk to dawn and dawn to dusk, our every activity her children and nothing more in return for all the wealth
leaves its footprint on the environment and ecology. It is a she has so generously showered on us.
24 × 7, eternal phenomenon. A laboured consciousness of
1. The writer emphasises on knowing the
having to go green in all possible areas is required in each (a) external environment (b) atmosphere
one of us. It is after all, our own self interest and that of our (c) world (d) self
descendants. The conscious application of change a few
4. The societal behaviour can help in maintaining the
times is going to become a habit and one's culture in due
environment if we
course. Though we read and hear a lot on green initiatives, (a) plant trees
we hardly tweak our routines to suit the larger picture. (b) use bio-manure
Greenery in the surroundings prevent dust and noise (c) realise social obligation
pollution. The way we water and manure plants also matters. (d) All of the above
Water is also a fast depleting resource. Sprinklers are one 3. Our life can become more productive if we
example to use and conserve it. Compost from bio —waste (a) focus on our environment
can be used as manure for the plants which is cost — (b) reuse, recycle and renew
effective and eco-friendly. We can also contribute to (c) do more promotional efforts
preservation of water bodies by not dumping our garbage in (d) Both (a) and (b)
them. The use of public transport systems in the place of 4. Which of the following will be the most appropriate
individual modes can reduce carbon footprint. title for the passage?
‘Reuse’, ‘Recyle’, ‘Re - engineer’ and ‘Renew’ are the (a) Knowledge and Awareness
mantras. Let us appreciate, support and contribute our (b) Green Initiatives
might to the promotional efforts of the community in this (c) Making the Green Initiative a part of our Lives
(d) Environment Conservation
direction. Remember, my ecology is also the community,
society and the nation that I care for which in turn cares for 5. The phrase “contribute our might” refers to the
me. In other words, all these seemingly outward initiatives contribution towards
done for other are going to make my life more comfortable (a) saving the flora and fauna
ultimately. I have to be, therefore, concerned about what (b) reducing pollution
sort of environment I am responsible for, for my own (c) development of the nation
sustenance, livelihood and progress. (d) maintenance of the environment
Passage 2 6. Which feature of Facebook was responsible for the

action of the youngster?
A youngster quit Facebook in December after spending over (a) Poking (b) Liking
three years on social networking site. With that one act, he (c) Gif’s (d) Timeline
bid a silent adieu to more than 300 contacts that he had
7. Why are people generally not comfortable with the
added to his account during the period. Last week a new
new feature?
feature on Facebook called timeline forced him to reconsider (a) Facebook digging out and displaying their past
the pros and cons of being on the networking site. (b) Facebook providing their data to other sites
“Everyone has some skeletons in their closet and I am just (c) Facebook making their data available to all
not comfortable with Facebook digging out and displaying all (d) All of the above
the facts of my life on a bulletin board’’, says this youngster 8. How did the timeline feature work?
who joined the network in July 2013. (a) It categorised all the data into their types
Facebook, you see, had compressed the time, he spent on (b) It put all data in chronological order
the site and arranged it in chronological order. And while he (c) It put together all activity into a video
(d) It set reminders for posts
initially liked the new neatly organised scrapbook like
feature, he wasn’t happy to reveal posts from the past, those 9. Why is Facebook called ‘A recipe for disaster’?
that, until recently, were hidden under layers and layers of (a) It displays the deleted matter
recent updates. Just clicking on a date on the timeline could (b) It makes every post public
(c) It displays the past that was relevant then but not now
transport his friends back in time and enable them to view
(d) They use the data for further advertisement
every embarrassing comment, link or photo he had posted on
his profile. 10. What are the concerns regarding Facebook?
(a) Privacy
“I think it’s a recipe for disaster,” he says. “In 2013, I had (b) Disrupts communication
some wallposts, which seemed appropriate at a time, but (c) Creates superficial friendships
now after a lapse of four years, I have moved on and don’t (d) All of the above
want them to be openly displayed for all to see.’’
11. What did the youngster do with his Facebook
And he is not alone. Many users, worried about how account?
Facebook activity could possibly effect their offline lives, are (a) He updated it (b) He deleted it
choosing to commit ‘Facebook Suicide’. While some have (c) He deactivated it (d) He made it private
privacy concerns,others feel that, the site that was meant to 12. Which of the following characteristics can be apt for the
bring them closer to their friends actually does the opposite - lives of the people who had quit Facebook?
it reduces their friendship to something superficial. (i) Embarrassing (ii) Peaceful
“Poking and liking are not enough to keep a friendship (iii) Real (iv) Nostalgic
going’’, says a business analyst. Having quit Facebook three (v) Social (vi) Addictive
years ago, he prefers meeting is ‘real’ friends face to face, (a) (ii) and (iv) (b) (iii) and (v)
instead of reading their trite posts online. “On Facebook, (c) (iii) and (vi) (d) (i) and (v)
people hype everyday issues including what they ate and
13. For what reason did the business analyst quit
where they went on daily basis’’, says this analyst who Facebook?
continues to use twitter. (a) It bought forward false data regarding her friends
“Facebook has become a time sink and it could not justify the (b) Fear of leakage of private information
time I spent on it, “he says, “I spend more time calling up (c) She prefers meeting friends face to face
(d) She is not as tech-savvy
friends or relatives over the phone now......I also go out and
meet people whenever possible and have a good offline life. I 14. Which of the following will be the most appropriate
do not regret the change. title for the passage?
(a) Quitting Facebook
“Today, Facebook has 800 million users of which 37 million
(b) Facebook: Stay or Quit
are Indians. The site has become an online identity for most, (c) Can you Quit Facebook?
and many of those who decided to quit cannot overcome the (d) Facebook- A Digital Drug
withdrawal symptoms and return.
15. What shows that Facebook is aware of its addictive
Facebook, fully aware of its addictive powers, facilitates this powers?
return by allowing users to ‘deactivate’ their accounts but (a) It deactivate feature
continues to store information on its servers so that they can (b) It act of storing information in its servers
return from their ‘break’, whenever they wish. (c) Allowing users to rejoin the app
PRACTICE SET 02 11
Passage 3 16. Which of the following is not the characteristic of

bureaucratic culture?
Management is a set of processes that can keep a (a) Manager’s listen poorly and learn slowly
complicated system of people and technology running (b) Managerial competencies are nurtured
smoothly. The most important aspects of management (c) Employee clearly see the forces that present threats and
include planning, budgeting, organising, staffing, controlling opportunities
and problem solving. Leadership is a set of processes that (d) Prevalence of unhealthy arrogance.
creates organisations in the first place or adapts them to 17. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE in
significantly changing circumstances. the context of the passage?
Leadership defines what the future should look like, aligns (a) Bureaucratic culture smother those who want to respond
to changing conditions.
people with that vision and inspires them to make it happen
(b) Leadership produces change and has the potential to
despite the obstactles. This distinction is absolutely crucial establish direction.
for our purposes here. Successful transformation is 70 to 90 (c) Pressure on managers come mostly from within.
percent leadership and only 10 to 30 percent management. (d) Leadership centres on carrying out important functions
Yet for historical reasons, many organisations today don’t such as planning and problem solving.
have much leadership. And almost everyone thinks about the 18. Why did companies and universities develop
problem here as one of meaning change. programmes to prepare managers in such a large
For most of this century, as we created thousands and number?
thousands of large organisations for the first time in human (a) Companies and Universities wanted to generate funds
through these programmes.
history, we did not have enough good managers to keep all
(b) The large number of organisations were created and they
those bureaucracies functioning. So many companies and needed managers in good number.
universities developed management programs and hundreds (c) Organisations did not want to spend their scarce resources
and thousands of people were encouraged to learn in training managers.
management on the job. And they did. But people were (d) Organisations wanted to create communication network
taught little about leadership. To some degree, management through trained managers.
was emphasised because it’s easier to teach than leadership. 19. Which of the following is similar in meaning of the
But even more so, management was the main item on the word smother as used in the passage?
twentieth centuary agenda because that’s what was needed. (a) Suppress (b) Encourage
For every enterpreneur or business builder who was a leader, (c) Instigate (d) Criticise
we needed hundreds of managers to run their ever-growing 20. What, according to the author, is leadership?
enterprises. (a) Process which keeps system of people and technology
Unfortunately for us today, this emphasis on management running smoothly.
(b) Planning the future and budgeting resources of the
has often been institutionalised in corporate cultures that organisation
discourage employees from learning how to lead. Ironically, (c) Inspiring people to realise the vision.
past success is usually the key ingredient in producing this (d) Carrying out the crucial functions of management
outcome. The syndrome, as I have observed it on many
occasions, goes like this. Success creates some degree of Passage 4
market dominance, which in turn produces much growth. Human analytical abilities remain vastly superior to
After a while keeping the ever-larger organisation under anything demonstrated elsewhere in the animal kingdom.
control becomes the primary challenge. So, attention turns Virtually in all studies of animal intelligence and language
inward and managerial competencies are nurtured. With a skills, performance plummets as more elements are added to
strong emphasis on management but not leadership, a task and as an animal has to remember these elements for
bureaucracy and an inward focus take over. But with long periods. By contracts, humans can call on vast working
continued success, the result mostly of market dominance, memory.
the problem often goes unaddressed and an unhealthy
Many evolutionary scholars suspect that as ancient human
arrogance beings to evolve. All of these characteristics then
groups became larger, the need to keep track of every more
make any transformation effort much more difficult.
complex social interactions was what really pushed the
Arrogant managers can over-evaluate their current human brain toward superiority. Both dolphins and chimps
performance and competitive position, listen poorly and have very complex interactions, but the intricacy of their
learn slowly. Inwardly focused employees can have difficulty social world pales beside the lattice of entanglements that
seeing the very forces that present threats and opportunities. characterised human society as early. Homosapiens bonded
Bureaucratic cultures can smother those who want to together to gather food and defend themselves. In Somalia
respond to shifting conditions. And the lack of leadership today, warring clans identify friend or foe by demanding that
leaves no force inside these organisations to break out of the those accosted recite their ancestry going back many
morass.
generations. It is easy to see how similar challenges in 25. What is the ethical problem posed by the notion that
antiquity might have driven the development of brainpower. animals might actually think?
It does not lessen the grandeur of the human intellect to (a) It is difficult to accept that humans are also animals.
(b) Animals should perhaps not be used in laboratory
argue that it evolved partly in response to social pressures or
experiments.
that these pressures also produced similar abilities in lesser (c) Animals cannot perhaps be treated as mere resources.
creatures. Instead, the fact that nature may have broadly (d) It has to correctly assessed as to how much can an animal
sown the seeds of consciousness, suggests a world enlivened actually think.
by many different minds. There may even be practical
applications. Studies of animal cognition and language have Passage 5
yielded new approaches to communicating with The Indian scenario can be described very briefly. The
handicapped and autistic children. Some scientists are apparatus of the state has become an integral part of what
pondering ways to turn intelligent animals like sea lions and Americans term the iron triangle : a collusion of (a) those
dolphins into research assistants in marine studies or into who benefit from the subsides the industry, urban
lifeguards who can save the drowing upon commond. populations, rich farmers (b) those who decide on who is to
If the notion that animals might actually think poses a be subsidised at whose cost the politicians and (c) those who
problem, it is an ethical one. The great philosopher, such as administer the subsidies the bureacuracy.
Descartes, used their belief that animals cannot think as a Let me explain what I mean. Take the example of bamboo.
justification for arguing that they do not have moral rights. It Bamboo has been made available to paper mills at rates as
is one thing to treat animals as mere resources if they are low as one to two rupees per tonne, when the basket weavers
presumed to be little more than living robots, but it is entirely were buying it in the market at a high price several thousand
different if they are recognised as fellow sentient beings. rupees per tonne. Cament factories receive power and raw
Working out the moral implication makes a perfect puzzle materials at subsidised rates and pass on the costs of
for a large-brained, highly social species like our own. pollution to the society at large; the cement thus subsidised
21. What could be some of the practical applications of flow to metropolises. These metropolises also attract large
animal intelligence? quantities of bricks made from the previous topsoil of farms
(a) To use dolphins for solving difficult mathematical and baked with old banyan trees now being liquidated for
problems. kilns.
(b) To use some animals for guarding and superivising other
animals. When a giant hydel project on a river in one state was
(c) To develop new approaches to communicate with concluded, the bulk of its power was given over to a single
handicapped and mentally ill children. aluminium industry at a few paise per unit, well below the
(d) All of the above cost of production. Later, the State Government decided to
22. In many studies of animal intelligence and language charge only a nominal flat rate per irrigation pump, ensuring
skills, the performance significantly drops that the farmers kept the pumps running whether they
(a) as we move from humans to animals needed the water or not.
(b) membered for long periods
Villagers who lose their lands and small homes under
(c) as we move from animals with large brains to those with
small brains irrigation projects have always been inadequately
(d) as the time allowed to develop these skills is reduced compensated, thereby keeping the cost of projects low. But
the beneficiaries in the command areas never have to pay
23. What makes a perfect puzzle for a large brained for water to take care of even those artificially depressed
highly social species like humans, according to the
costs.
author?
(a) Determining the moral implications of the fact that 26. Which of the following industries have been referred
animals might actually think. to in the passage?
(b) discovering the real reason why nature developed the (a) Aluminium (b) Brick
ability to think in animals. (c) Paper (d) Iron
(c) Deciding what should be the ideal relationship between
humans and animals. 27. According to the author, who decides the beneficiaries
(d) To answer the question if animals are different from of various subsidies?
humans. (a) The bureaucrats (b) The industrialists
(c) Rich farmers (d) None of these
24. What really pushed the human brain towards
superiority? 28. Which of the following describes correctly the
(a) The need to keep track of ever more complex social approach of the author?
interactions. (a) Positive criticism followed by suggestions for improvement
(b) The need to develop efficient methods of gathering food. (b) Prove how government has handle the situation effectively
(c) The need to find better methods of defending themselves. (c) One sided, negative and highly critical
(d) The need to evolve faster than other species. (d) Indifference to both government and welfare of people
PRACTICE SET 02 13
29. Four of the five words used in the passage form one 36. Select the most appropriate meaning of the given
group, the fifth one does not belong to that group. Find idiom.
out the word that does to belong to the group. To hit below the belt
(a) Giant (b) Bulk (a) To attack after warning
(c) High (d) Small (b) To hit someone boldly
(e) Large (c) To hit off the mark
30. Which of the following statements is true in the (d) To attack in an unfair manner
context of the passage? 37. Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word.
(a) Paper mills and basket weavers both get bomboo at very Thwart
low rates. (a) Allow (b) Obstruct
(b) Wood from banyan trees is used by the cement industries. (c) Oppose (d) Appoint
(c) The government machinery is taking a balanced view
about development. 38. Select the incorrectly spelt word.
(d) The cement industry is responsible for puolluting the (a) Accumulate (b) Neccessary
atmosphere E. The government is influenced by American (c) Occasion (d) Remittance
terms.
39. Select the option that can be used as a one-word
31. Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled substitute for the given group of words.
order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to Study of diseases
form a meaningful and coherent paragraph. (a) Pathology (b) Anthology
A. His role also includes the smooth flow of goods from (c) Etymology (d) Neurology
farms and factories to the consumer. 40. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
B. As the final link between the producer and the In the absence of the Principal, the Vice-Principal
consumer, he plays a key role in the economy. ……… for him.
C. It is he who promotes or impedes the sale of (a) deputes (b) exchanges
products. (c) officiates (d) replaces
D. The retailer determines the final cost of a product. 41. Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled
(a) BACD (b) CABD order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to
(c) DCBA (d) ABCD form a meaningful and coherent paragraph.
32. Select the most appropriate meaning of the given A. In fact he began his career as a peon in a small
idiom. firm.
A square deal B. Before he joined us as the accounts officer, he was a
(a) A fair and honest deal (b) An advantageous deal junior clerk.
(c) An unfruitful plan (d) A false claim C. He learnt typing, accounting and even graduated.
33. Sentences of a paragraph are given below in jumbled D. But he gradually improved his qualifications.
order. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to (a) CDAB (b) BADC
form a meaningful and coherent paragraph. (c) CBAD (d) BCDA
A. He stamped them mechanically and returned them 42. Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word.
to us. Indigenous
B. They had information that large sums of money (a) Alien (b) Innate
were being smuggled out of the country. (c) Natural (d) Primitive
C. No sooner had he left than the custom officers entered. 43. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
D. An official entered our train compartment and The workers ……… against the new labour laws.
asked for passports. (a) remonstrated (b) dissented
(a) CBDA (b) DCBA (c) implicated (d) opposed
(c) ACBD (d) DACB
44. Select the most appropriate meaning of the given
34. Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom. idiom.
To have an axe to grind To read between the lines
(a) To have a selfish motive in doing something (a) To criticise the writer’s style
(b) To have an indomitable task to accomplish (b) To interrupt someone while reading
(c) To have adequate means of subsistence (c) To read each line carefully
(d) To have access to top levels of authority (d) To understand the implied meaning
35. Select the option that can be used as a one-word 45. Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word.
substitute for the given group of words. Remorse
An entertainer who performs difficult physical feats (a) Empathy (b) Regret
(a) Archer (b) Acrobat
(c) Sorrow (d) Satisfaction
(c) Artist (d) Artisan
46. Select the option that can be used as a one-word 48. Select the option that can be used as a one-word
substitute for the given groups of words. substitute for the given group of words.
One who possesses several talents No longer in use
(a) Versatile (b) Verbose (a) Obscure (b) Oriental
(c) Virtuous (d) Virtual (c) Original (d) Obsolete
47. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a 49. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
meaningful and coherent paragraph. The more he tried to solve the mystery, the more
A. The sand is so hot that you cannot walk over it in ……… he felt.
the day time. (a) perplexed (b) humbled
B. Here, there is nothing but sand and rock. (c) callous (d) confusing
C. A great part of Arabia is a desert. 50. Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank.
D. However, there are springs of water but these are He was ………… at his brother’s refusal to help him
few and far apart. financially.
(a) CBAD (b) BDCA (a) indignant (b) indicted
(c) CABD (d) ACDB (c) enchanted (d) enamoured
ANSWERS
1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (d)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (c) 15. (d) 16. (c) 17. (d) 18. (b) 19. (a) 20. (c)
21. (c) 22. (b) 23. (a) 24. (a) 25. (c) 26. (d) 27. (d) 28. (c) 29. (d) 30. (d)
31. (c) 32. (a) 33. (d) 34. (a) 35. (b) 36. (d) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (a) 40. (c)
41. (b) 42. (a) 43. (a) 44. (d) 45. (d) 46. (a) 47. (a) 48. (d) 49. (a) 50. (a)
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yeesOeiecÙelee keâe DeJeueeskeâve keâjles ngS efveCe&Ùeve Meefkeäle keâe hejer#eCe keâjvee nw~ Fmekeâe meceLe&ve keâjleer nw~ Fme Mewueer kesâ ceeOÙece mes Ùen %eele neslee nw
efkeâ keâesF& Jemleg DeÛÚer Ùee yegjer keäÙeeW nesleer nw? keâesF& Iešvee keäÙeeW Ieefšle
~moY H$mo H¡$go n‹T>m OmE ngF& DeLeJee Iešvee keâes keäÙeeW Ieefšle nesvee ÛeeefnS DeLeJee veneR Ieefšle
yeesOe hej DeeOeeefjle ØeMveeW kesâ Gòej osves nsleg efvecveefueefKele efoMee-efveoxMe efoS ieS nQ nesvee ÛeeefnS Deeefo~
Ä yeesOe ceW ØeeÙe: kegâÚ Ssmes JeekeäÙe nesles nQ, pees efJeÛeejeW keâer ›eâceyeælee keâes 4. Øeefleefyecyeelcekeâ Mewueer Fme Mewueer ceW efJe<eÙeeW, IešveeDeeW, keâeÙe&keâueeheeW
efveOee&efjle keâjles nQ~ Deewj JÙeefkeäleÙeeW hej Âef<šheele efkeâÙee peelee nw~ FmeceW Ùen %eele keâjves keâe
Dele: efJeÅeeefLe&ÙeeW/hejer#eeefLe&ÙeeW keâes Gvekeâer henÛeeve keâjvee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ ØeÙeeme efkeâÙee peelee nw efkeâ efJeÛeej efkeâme Øekeâej heefjJeefle&le nesles nQ~
Ä DeOÙeÙeve meece«eer keâes MeerIeÇlee mes heÌ{keâj Skeâ meeceevÙe efJeÛeej Øeehle keâjvee 5. DeeueesÛeveelcekeâ Mewueer Fme Mewueer kesâ Devleiele& uesKekeâ yeesOe ceW efkeâmeer
ÛeeefnS~ lelheMÛeeled hegve: Oeerjs-Oeerjs heÌ{keâj cegKÙe efJeÛeejeW keâes jsKeebefkeâle keâjvee mecetn Jeie& Ùee JÙeefkeäleiele ef›eâÙee efJeefOe Deeefo keâer DeeueesÛevee kesâ ceeOÙece
ÛeeefnS~ mes Deheves efJeÛeej keâes Øekeâš keâjlee nw~ Fme Mewueer keâe ØeÙeesie GÛÛe mlej
Ä kegâÚ hejer#eeLeea ØeMveeW keâes heÌ{ves kesâ yeeo heefjÛÚso keâe DeOÙeÙeve keâjles nQ, hej efkeâÙee peelee nw~
efkeâvleg Ssmee keâjves mes ogefJeOee Yeer Glhevve nes mekeâleer nw Deewj meceÙe keâer Yeer neefve
nes mekeâleer nw~ Dele: henues yeesOe keâes heÌ{vee ÛeeefnS yeeo ceW ØeMveeW keâes~ narjm ‘| nyN>o OmZo dmbo àíZm| H$s àH¥${V
Ä mevosn keâer efmLeefle Glhevve nesves hej hejer#eeLeea keâes mJeÙeb mes ØeMve keâjvee ÛeeefnS
hejer#ee ceW hetÚs peeves Jeeues ØeMveeW keâes efvecve ßesefCeÙeeW ceW Jeieeake=âle efkeâÙee pee
DeLee&led Ùen efJeÛeej keâjvee ÛeeefnS efkeâ uesKekeâ ves Ssmee GoenjCe keäÙeeW efoÙee, mekeâlee nw
Fmekeâe GuuesKe keäÙeeW efkeâÙee, heefjÛÚso keâe GodosMÙe keäÙee nw, Deeefo~ 1. ‘yb {dMma na AmYm[aV àíZ
Ä heefjÛÚso keâes ve lees yengle DeefOekeâ Deewj ve DelÙevle Oeerceer ieefle mes heÌ{vee ÛeeefnS,
Fme Øekeâej kesâ ØeMve mechetCe& heefjÛÚso kesâ yeesOe hej DeeOeeefjle nesles nQ~ Fme Øekeâej
yeefukeâ Skeâ meeceevÙe ieefle mes Deewj metPe-yetPe kesâ meeLe heefjÛÚso heÌ{vee ÛeeefnS~ kesâ ØeMveeW Éeje Ùen %eele neslee nw efkeâ hee"keâ efkeâme meercee lekeâ efJe<eÙe-Jemleg keâes
Ä heefjÛÚso heÌ{les meceÙe YeeJeeLe& keâes mecePeles ngS leLÙe mecyevOeer peevekeâejer;
mecePe heelee nw~ Fme Øekeâej kesâ ØeMveeW keâe Gòej yeesOe ceW ner efceue peelee nw~
pewmes– efleefLe, mLeeve SJeb JÙeefkeäle Deeefo, keâe Yeer OÙeeve jKevee ÛeeefnS~ GoenjCe
Ä heefjÛÚso keâes heÌ{les meceÙe nceeje mJeÙeb keâe efJeÛeej veneR Jejved uesKekeâ kesâ
(i) efvecve efJekeâuheeW/keâLeveeW ceW mes keâewve-mee heefjÛÚso meJe&ßes<" ¤he oMee&lee nw?
efJeÛeej SJeb leLÙe cenòJehetCe& nesles nQ~ Dele: uesKekeâ kesâ efJeÛeej leLee leLÙeeW keâes (ii) efvecve ceW mes keâewve-mee JeekeäÙe ‘kesâvõerÙe efJeÛeej’ keâer Deesj Fbefiele keâjlee nw?
mecePevee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~
4 CUET (UG) Section IA : {hÝXr ^mfm
Fmekesâ efueS cegKÙe MeyoeW Deewj JeekeäÙeeMeeW keâe %eeve DeeJeMÙekeâ nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ Ùes Skeâ (ii) efoS ieS efJekeâuheeW ceW mes hejer#eeLeea efvekeâšlece Meyo KeespeW, efpemekeâe
heefjÛÚso kesâ Yeerlej/Devoj JewÛeeefjkeâ mecyevOeeW keâes mecePeves ceW cenòJehetCe& Yetefcekeâe ØeÙeesie heefjÛÚso ceW efkeâÙee ieÙee nw~
efveYeeles nQ~ Ùes Meyo efvecveefueefKele nQ–
mebÙeespekeâ Meyo heefjCeecemJe¤he, Fmekesâ meeLe ner, Fmekesâ Deefleefjkeäle Yeer~ 6. ~moY Ho$ JR>Z na AmYm[aV àíZ
efJehejerleeLe&keâ Meyo Fmekesâ efJehejerle, Fmekesâ Gušs, Fmekesâ Øeefleketâue~ Fme Øekeâej kesâ ØeMve uesKekeâ Éeje leke&â keâes JÙekeäle keâjves ceW meeefneflÙekeâ lekeâveerkeâ
keâejCe Deewj ØeYeeJe kesâ Meyo FmeefueS, heefjCeecemJe¤he, uesefkeâve~ kesâ ØeÙeesie hej Yeer DeeOeeefjle nesles nQ~ Fme Øekeâej kesâ ØeMve heefjÛÚso keâer mebjÛevee
keâe efJeMues<eCe leke&â, ceevÙeleeDeeW, meceeOeeve keâjves Deeefo keâer nceejer #eceleeDeeW keâe
yeue/oyeeJe DeeOeeefjle Meyo DeefOekeâ cenòJehetCe&, efyeukegâue DeeJeMÙekeâ, meveo jns~
hejer#eCe keâjles nQ~
meceÙe DeeOeeefjle Meyo henues ner, Fme yeerÛe, Fme DeJeefOe, yeeo ceW Deeefo~
GoenjCe
2. boIH$ H$s am¶ na AmYm[aV àíZ (i) efvecve ceW mes keâewve-mee efJekeâuhe heefjÛÚso keâer mebjÛevee keâes Gòece {bie mes
Fme Øekeâej kesâ ØeMve uesKekeâ keâer jeÙe hej DeeOeeefjle nesles nQ~ Fvekeâe mhe<š ¤he mes oMee& jne nw?
GuuesKe veneR neslee nw~ cegKÙe JeekeäÙeeW mes Fvekeâe DeLe& efvekeâeuevee heÌ[lee nw~ (ii) efvecve ceW mes efkeâme Øekeâej kesâ keâLeve keâes uesKekeâ kesâ efJeMues<eCe keâe
Fve ØeMveeW mes helee Ûeuelee nw efkeâ hee"keâ uessKekeâ keâer ceveesJe=efòe, %eeve, uesKeve Mewueer DeeOeej mJeerkeâej efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw?
FlÙeeefo keâes efJeMuesef<ele keâjves keâer #ecelee jKelee nw Ùee veneR~ (iii) ‘meceepeJeeo keâYeer Demeheâue veneR nesiee’ Fme OeejCee keâes uesKekeâ ves
GoenjCe efkeâme DeeOeej hej efJekeâefmele efkeâÙee nw?

(i) henues heefjÛÚso ceW uesKekeâ keâe mJej/uenpee keäÙee/kewâmee nw? 7. AZwê$n VH©$ na AmYm[aV àíZ
(ii) uesKekeâ keâer Âef<š ceW, Fme mecemÙee keâe meJe&ceevÙe nue keäÙee nes mekeâlee nw? Fme Øekeâej kesâ ØeMve Yeer nceejer mecePe Deewj efJeMues<eCe keâer #ecelee keâes hejKeves hej
(iii) eqvecve ceW mes efkeâme efJeÛeej kesâ meeLe mencele nesves keâer mecYeeJevee DeeOeeefjle nesles nQ~ leke&â hej DeeOeeefjle GoenjCeeW kesâ mecyevOe keâes henÛeevevee ner
meJee&efOekeâ nw? Fme Øekeâej kesâ ØeMveeW keâe GodosMÙe neslee nw~
GoenjCe
3. ñnîQ>¶m àË¶j OmZH$mar na AmYm[aV àíZ
(i) efvecve ceW mes keâewve-mee efÛe$eCe, otmejs heefjÛÚso ceW GefuueefKele GoenjCe
Fmekesâ Devleie&le efkeâmeer kesâ veece, efoveebkeâ, DeeBkeâÌ[s leLee leLÙeeW kesâ DeeOeej hej
keâe ØeefleefveefOelJe keâjlee nw?
mhe<š ØeMve efkeâS peeles nQ, FvnW heÌ{ves kesâ oewjeve ner mejueleehetJe&keâ veesefšme efkeâÙee
(ii) ‘‘ceveg<Ùe ieueefleÙeeW keâe hegleuee nw’’ Ùen keâLeve efvecve ceW efkeâme efmLeefle kesâ
pee mekeâlee nw~
efueS GheÙegkeäle nesiee?
GoenjCe
(i) Øemlegle heefjÛÚso ceW mes keâewve-mee efJekeâuhe melÙe veneR nw? 8. H$WZ g§¶moOZ AmYm[aV àíZ
(ii) efvecve ceW mes keâewve-mee leòJe Deepe ÙegJeeDeeW kesâ efueS ØesjCee Øeoeve veneR Fme Øekeâej kesâ ØeMveeW ceW oes-Ùee-oes mes DeefOekeâ keâLeveeW mes ØeMve hetÚs peeles nQ,
keâjlee nw? efpevekeâe Gòej mebÙeespeve Éeje; pewmes–kesâJeue keâLeve I mener nw, kesâJeue keâLeve II
mener nw Ùee I, II Deewj III meYeer mener nQ, Deeefo Øekeâej mes efoÙee peelee nw~
4. AÝV{Z©{hV gyMZm na AmYm[aV àíZ
Fme Øekeâej kesâ ØeMve-yeesOe ceW ØeMveeW kesâ Gòej mhe<š veneR nesles nQ, yeefukeâ yeesOe ceW
ner efveefnle nesles nQ~ Fme Øekeâej kesâ ØeMveeW kesâ Gòej heefjÛÚso ceW mhe<š ™he mes gm{YV CXmhaU
heefjueef#ele veneR nesles nQ, yeefukeâ Jes heefjÛÚso ceW efveefnle nesles nQ~ Fme Øekeâej kesâ
ØeMveeW mes hejer#eeLeea keâer yeesOe #ecelee kesâ mecyevOe ceW peevekeâejer efceueleer nw~
GoenjCe
~moY 1
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) veerÛes efoS ieS yeesOe keâes OÙeevehetJe&keâ heÌ{keâj mener Gòej
(i) efvecve ceW mes keâewve-mee efJekeâuhe Ùee leke&â heefjÛÚso ceW meyemes GheÙegkeäle nw~
keâe ÛeÙeve JÙeeKÙee meefnle keâerefpeS~
(ii) efvecve ceW mes efkeâme leke&â kesâ meeLe uesKekeâ menceefle ØeoefMe&le keâj jne nw~
efkeâmeer Yeer MeesOe efJe<eÙe hej keâeÙe& keâjves kesâ efueS Skeâ GheÙegkeäle DevegmevOeeve heæefle
5. ^mfm A{^ì¶{³V na AmYm[aV àíZ keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nesleer nw~ Skeâ ØeMve keâe Gòej Dekeâmej Skeâ mes DeefOekeâ heæefleÙeeW
Fme Øekeâej kesâ ØeMveeW kesâ Gòej efJeefMe<š Meyo leLee cegneJeje Deeefo kesâ DeeOeej hej mes efoÙee pee mekeâlee nw~ ØeMveeW keâer Øeke=âefle kesâ Devegmeej Deueie-Deueie DevegmevOeeve
efoS peeles nQ~ Ùes Devegueesce Ùee efJeueesce hej Yeer DeeOeeefjle nes mekeâles nQ~ Fvekesâ Éeje heæefleÙeeW keâe ÛeÙeve cenòJehetCe& neslee nw, keäÙeesefkeâ DeefOekeâebMe MeesOe ØeMveeW kesâ efueS,
leke&âMeefkeäle keâe Yeer hejer#eCe efkeâÙee peelee nw~ hee"keâ keâe GodosMÙe Øeemebefiekeâ DeLe& MeesOekeâlee& kesâ heeme mecYeeefJele heæefleÙeeW keâes Ûegveves keâer mJelev$elee nesleer nw, uesefkeâve
keâes mecePevee nesvee ÛeeefnS, ve efkeâ Meeefyokeâ DeLeeX keâes~ Ùen ÛegveeJe Deeceleewj hej meerefcele neslee nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ Deueie-Deueie Øeke=âefle kesâ ØeMveeW
GoenjCe kesâ efueS Deueie-Deueie MeesOe heæefleÙeeB efveOee&efjle keâer ieF& nQ~
(i) ‘keäÙee DeLe& nw’, ‘keäÙee keâjlee nw’, ‘efpelevee DeÛÚe nes mekeâlee nes’ pewmes MeesOe ØeMve keâe meeJeOeeveerhetJe&keâ efveOee&jCe keâjves kesâ yeeo, MeesOekeâlee& keâe meyemes
MeyoeW kesâ mecetn hej efJeMes<e OÙeeve osvee~ henuee keâece GheÙegkeäle MeesOe ØeCeeueer keâe ÛeÙeve keâjvee neslee nw~ Ùen ÛeÙeve
{hÝXr 5
lekeâveerkeâer keâmeewefšÙeeW (DeLee&led ØeMve Deewj heæefle kesâ yeerÛe efkeâleveer mebielelee nw) kesâ 4. MeesOe kesâ mecyevOe ceW JÙeeJeneefjkeâlee ceW efvecveefueefKele keâewve keâewve-meer yeeleW
Devegmeej ner veneR, yeefukeâ JÙeeJeneefjkeâlee keâes Yeer OÙeeve ceW jKeles ngS efkeâÙee peevee Meeefceue nesleer nQ?
ÛeeefnS~ JÙeeJeneefjkeâlee ceW Deveskeâ yeeleW Meeefceue nes mekeâleer nQ; pewmes–DevegmevOeeve 1. GheueyOe meceÙe keâer cee$ee 2. MeesOe keâer heefjefmLeefleÙeeB
kesâ efueS GheueyOe meceÙe keâer cee$ee, ueesieeW SJeb meece«eer oesveeW kesâ ™he ceW GheueyOe 3. GheueyOe mebmeeOeve 4. lekeâveerkeâer keâmeewefšÙeeB
mebmeeOeve leLee Jes heefjefmLeefleÙeeB efpeveceW MeesOe efkeâÙee peevee nw FlÙeeefo~ MeesOe ØeMve keâe ketâš
efveOee&jCe keâjves kesâ Ghejevle Ùeefo mener {bie mes MeesOe ØeCeeueer keâe ÛeÙeve veneR efkeâÙee (a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2
peelee nw, lees DeYeer<š heefjCeece ceW yeeOee hengBÛeleer nw~ Dele: yengle ner meleke&â Âef<š (c) 1, 2 Deewj 3 (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR~
mes MeesOe ØeCeeueer keâe ÛegveeJe DeeJeMÙekeâ nes peelee nw~ JÙeeKÙee (c) efJekeâuhe (c) melÙe nw~ MeesOe ØeMve kesâ efveOee&jCe kesâ yeeo MeesOe
1. efvecve keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS ØeCeeueer keâe ÛeÙeve DeeJeMÙekeâ neslee nw~ Ùen ÛeÙeve lekeâveerkeâer keâmeewefšÙeeW
(DeLee&led ØeMve heæefle kesâ yeerÛe mebielelee) kesâ Devegmeej ner veneR Deefheleg
I. MeesOe efJe<eÙe hej keâeÙe& keâjves kesâ efueS efkeâmeer DevegmevOeeve heæefle keâer
keâesF& DeeJeMÙekeâlee veneR nesleer nw~ JÙeeJeneefjkeâlee keâes Yeer OÙeeve ceW jKekeâj efkeâÙee peevee ÛeeefnS~ JÙeeJeneefjkeâlee
II. Skeâ DevegmevOeeve heæefle meYeer ØeMveeW kesâ efueS GheÙegkeäle nes, Ssmee
ceW efvecve yeeleW Meeefceue nesleer nQ, pewmes—DevegmevOeeve kesâ efueS GheueyOe meceÙe
DeeJeMÙekeâ veneR nw~ keâer cee$ee, ueesieeW SJeb meece«eer oesvees kesâ ¤he ceW GheueyOe mebmeeOeve leLee Jes
heefjefmLeefleÙeeB efpemeceW MeesOe DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ Fme Øekeâej efJekeâuhe (c) melÙe nw~
Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes keâLeve DemelÙe nw/nQ?
(a) kesâJeue I (b) kesâJeue II 5. yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej, MeesOe ÛeÙeve ceW JÙeeJeneefjkeâlee kesâ Deefleefjkeäle Deewj DevÙe
(c) I Deewj II oesveeW (d) FveceW ceW mes keâesF& veneR efkeâme yeele keâe OÙeeve jKee peevee ÛeeefnS?
(a) heæefle (b) ØeMve
JÙeeKÙee (a) keâLeve I DemelÙe nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ ØelÙeskeâ DevegmevOeeve ØeMve DeLee&led
(c) a Deewj b oesveeW (d) mecØelÙeÙe
MeesOe efJe<eÙe hej keâeÙe& keâjves nsleg Skeâ GheÙegkeäle DevegmevOeeve heæefle keâer
DeeJeMÙekeâlee nesleer nw~ GheÙegkeäle DevegmevOeeve heæefle kesâ DeYeeJe ceW DevegmevOeeve JÙeeKÙee (c) yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej, MeesOe ØeCeeueer Deefle mebJesoveMeerue JÙeJemLee
ØeMve keâe mener heefjCeece Øeehle keâjves ceW yeeOee Glhevve nesleer nw~ keâLeve II melÙe nw~ efpemeceW ve kesâJeue efJe<eÙeeW kesâ ØeMve SJeb Gvekeâer heæefle keâer leejlecÙelee
nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ Deueie-Deueie Øeke=âefle kesâ ØeMveeW kesâ efueS Deueie-Deueie Deewj kesâ yeejs ceW peevekeâejer ÛeeefnS, yeefukeâ GmeceW JÙeeJeneefjkeâ yeeleeW keâe Yeer
efJeefMe<š Øekeâej keâer heæefleÙeeW keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nesleer nw, meYeer ØeMveeW keâe meceeJesMe nesvee ÛeeefnS~ JÙeeJeneefjkeâ yeeleW Ssmeer yeeleW nesleer nQ, pees
heefjCeece Skeâ ner heæeffle mes mecYeJe veneR nw, Dele: keâLeve 2 melÙe nw~ Fme meeceevÙele: ueesieeW kesâ yeerÛe ØeÛeefuele nesleer nQ Deewj Fvekeâe Dehevee efJeMes<e cenòJe
Øekeâej efJekeâuhe (a) mener nesiee~ Yeer neslee nw~
2. heefjÛÚso kesâ mecyevOe ceW efvecve keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS~ ~moY 2
1. DeefOekeâebMe MeesOe ØeMveeW kesâ efueS MeesOekeâlee& kesâ heeme mecYeeefJele heæefleÙeeW
keâes Ûegveves keâer mJelev$elee nesleer nw~ Ûeboe-leejeW-meer menpe keâebefle, veefoÙeeW ceW nw cegmkeâeve Yejer,
2. uesefkeâve heæefleÙeeW keâe ÛegveeJe meeceevÙele: meerefcele neslee nw~ nw heJeve-PekeâesjeW ceW ogueej KesleeW ceW nw oewuele efyeKejer,
Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes efJekeâuhe melÙe nw/nQ? heie-heie cesje efJeMJeeme Yeje,
(a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2 lehe mes nw Ùen peerJeve efveKeje,
(c) 1 Deewj 2 oesveeW (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR ØeKej keâce& keâe hee" melele—
JÙeeKÙee (c) keâLeve 1 melÙe nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ MeesOekeâlee& Fme yeele kesâ efueS mJelev$e heÌ{leer ceQ Yeejle ceelee ntB~~
neslee nw efkeâ Jen efkeâmeer Yeer DevegmevOeeve heæefle keâe ÛeÙeve keâj ueW, keäÙeeWefkeâ ceQ Je»e-meÂMe efJeheoeDeeW keâes Yeer DeveeÙeeme men uesleer nBt,
DevegmevOeeve heæefle ner Gmes mener Gòej Øeehle keâjves ceW meneÙekeâ nesleer nw~ megOee-oeve keâj DeewjeW keâes, ceQ efJe<e heerkeâj cegmkeâeleer ntB,
keâLeve 2 Yeer melÙe nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ efJeefMe<š Øekeâej kesâ ØeMveeW keâes nue keâjves kesâ efueS Oeerjpe keâe hee" heÌ{eleer ntB,
Deueie-Deueie Deewj efJeefMe<š Øekeâej keâer heæefleÙeeB Yeer efJekeâefmele keâer ieF& nQ~ ieewjJe keâe ceeie& efoKeeleer ntB,
Fme Øekeâej heæefleÙeesW keâe ÛegveeJe keâjles meceÙe MeesOekeâlee& kesâ heeme meerefcele
efJekeâuhe neslee nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ Gmes ØeMveeW keâer Øeke=âefle kesâ efnmeeye mes ner heæefleÙeeW ceQ menpe yeesOe, ceQ menpe Meefkeäle—
keâe ÛeÙeve keâjvee heÌ[lee nw~ Ùeefo Ssmee veneR neslee nw, lees heefjCeece keâer mešerkeâlee megefJeJeskeâer Yeejle ceelee ntB~~
ØeYeeefJele nesleer nw~ cete|leÙeeB yevee [eueeR mepeerJe,
3. MeesOe ØeCeeueer keâe ÛeÙeve efkeâmekeâer mebielelee kesâ Thej efveYe&j keâjlee nw? DeveieÌ{ helLej keâes keâeš-keâeš,
(a) ØeMve Deewj efJeOeeve (b) ØeMve Deewj yeesOe yebOeglee-Øesce keâes hewâueeÙee,
(c) ØeMve Deewj heæefle (d) ØeMve Deewj MeesOe Dehevee ner Deblej yeeBš-yeeBš,
JÙeeKÙee (c) yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej, peye lekeâ MeesOekeâlee& keâes ØeMve Deewj heæefle kesâ efpemekesâ ieerleeW mes peiele cegiOe,
ceOÙe mebiele yeeleeW keâe helee veneR Ûeue heelee nw, leye lekeâ Jen MeesOe kesâ FefÛÚle efpemekesâ ve=lÙeeW hej peiele cegiOe,
ue#Ùe keâes hetje veneR keâj heelee nw~ FmeefueS MeesOekeâlee& keâes ÛeÙeve mes mecyeefvOele efpemekeâer keâefJelee-Oeeje DeefJejue—
lekeâveerkeâer keâmeewefšÙeeW kesâ yeejs ceW hetCe& peevekeâejer nesveer ÛeeefnS~
yenleer Jen Yeejle ceelee nBt~~
1. Yeejle ceelee keâewve-mee hee" heÌ{eleer jnleer nw?

(a) osMe kesâ Øeefle Devegjeie keâe
~moY 3
(b) meoe ØeKej keâce& keâjves keâe Yee<ee keâe Skeâ ØecegKe iegCe nw—me=peveMeeruelee~ eEnoer ceW me=peveMeeruelee keâe DeodYegle iegCe
(c) keâ"esj heefjßece keâjves keâe nw, DeodYegle #ecelee nw, efpememes Jen efvejblej ØeJeenceeve nw~ eEnoer ner Ssmeer Yee<ee nw,
(d) meoe cegmkegâjeles ngS jnves keâe efpemeceW meceeÙeespeve keâer heÙee&hle Deewj peeogF& Meefkeäle nw~ DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW Deewj mebmke=âefleÙeeW
JÙeeKÙee (b) meoe ØeKej keâce& keâjves keâe kesâ MeyoeW keâes eEnoer efpeme DeefOekeâej Deewj menpelee mes «enCe keâjleer nw, Gmemes eEnoer keâer
mebYeeJeveeSB ØeMemle nesleer nQ~ eEnoer kesâ ueÛeeruesheve ves Deveskeâ Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW keâes ner
2. ‘Dehevee ner Devlej yeeBš-yeeBš’ hebefkeäle keâe keäÙee YeeJe nw? veneR, Gvekesâ meebmke=âeflekeâ lesJejeW keâes Yeer Deheves ceW mecesš efueÙee nw~ Ùener keâejCe nw efkeâ
(a) mJeÙeb keâes efJeYeeefpele keâj uesvee
eEnoer meeceeefpekeâ mebmke=âefle leLee efJeefJeOe Yee<ee-Yeeef<eÙeeW Deewj Oecee&JeuebefyeÙeeW keâer ØecegKe
(b) osMe keâe efJeefYevve ØeevleeW ceW yeBše nesvee
henÛeeve yeve ieF& nw~ Dejyeer, ]heâejmeer, legkeâea, Deb«es]peer Deeefo kesâ Meyo eEnoer keâer
(c) YesoYeeJe leLee peeefleJeeo keâes yeÌ{eJee osvee
(d) meceepe mes Deueie neskeâj jnvee
Meyo-mebheoe ceW Ssmes efceue ieS nQ, pewmes Jes pevce mes ner Fmeer Yee<ee heefjJeej kesâ meomÙe
neW~ Ùen meceenej Gmekeâer peerJeblelee keâe ØeceeCe nw~ Deepe nce hejns]peer neskeâj,
JÙeeKÙee (b) osMe keâe efJeefYevve ØeevleeW ceW yeBše nesvee
MegæleeJeeo keâer peÌ[ ceeveefmekeâlee ceW ]kewâo neskeâj veneR jn mekeâles~ metÛevee-›eâebefle,
3. meeefnlÙe Deewj mebieerle kesâ #es$e ceW Yeejle mece=æ osMe kewâmes nw? lekeâveerkeâer-efJekeâeme Deewj Jew%eeefvekeâ DeeefJe<keâejeW kesâ oyeeJe ves nceW meyemes mebJeeo keâjves
(a) ÙeneB kesâ ieerleeW keâes megvekeâj efJeMJe kesâ ueesie cegiOe nes peeles nQ kesâ DeJemej efoS nQ~ efJeMJe-«eece keâer mebkeâuhevee mes eEnoer keâes efvejblej Ûeuevee nesiee~
(b) ÙeneB kesâ ve=lÙeeW keâes osKekeâj efJeMJe kesâ ueesie cegiOe nes peeles nQ Fmekesâ efueS DeeJeMÙekeâ nw—DeeOegefvekeâ ØeÙeespeveeW kesâ Deveg™he efJekeâeme Deewj Yee<ee SJeb
(c) ÙeneB ßes<" keâefJeÙeeW Éeje keâefJelee jÛeves keâe keâce& ncesMee Ûeuelee jnlee nw efueefhe mes mebyebefOele Ùeebef$ekeâ meeOeveeW keâe efJekeâeme~ Fbšjvesš mes ueskeâj yee]peej lekeâ,
(d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
jepekeâepe mes ueskeâj efMe#ee Deewj vÙeeÙe kesâ cebefojeW lekeâ eEnoer keâes GheÙeesieer Deewj
JÙeeKÙee (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer keâeÙe&#ece yeveeves kesâ efueS Gmekeâe mejue-menpe nesvee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw Deewj Gmekeâer OJeefve,
4. Yeejle ceelee efkeâme Øekeâej Oeerjpe keâe hee" heÌ{eleer nw? efueefhe, Meyo-Jele&veer, JeekeäÙe-jÛevee Deeefo keâe ceevekeâerke=âle nesvee Yeer DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~
(a) Je»e kesâ meceeve efJeheoeDeeW keâes menkeâj 1. efnboer kesâ efvejblej ØeJeenceeve jnves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw?
(b) otmejeW keâes Dece=le-oeve keâj
(a) mebmke=âefle (b) me=peveMeeruelee
(c) cegmkegâjeles ngS mJeÙeb efJe<e keâe heeve keâj
(c) meerefcele ceeveefmekeâlee (d) ™efÌ{Jeeefolee
JÙeeKÙee (b) me=peveMeeruelee
JÙeeKÙee (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
2. efnboer keâer mebYeeJeveeSB kewâmes ØeMemle nesleer ieF& nQ?
5. ‘KesleeW ceW nw oewuele efyeKejer’ hebefkeäle ceW efveefnle cetueYeeJe Ùen nw efkeâ (a) DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW keâes menpelee mes «enCe keâjves mes
(a) efkeâmeeve meesves keâer heâmeue Ghepeeles nQ
(b) Deheves meebmke=âeflekeâ mJe™he mes
(b) efkeâmeeve Jeie& yengle Oeve mebhevve nw
(c) Deheveer lešmLelee mes
(c) ce=oe ceW Kepeevee efceuelee nw
(d) DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW keâes legÛÚ mecePekeâj
(d) KesleeW ceW DeÛÚer heâmeue Glhevve nesleer
nw
JÙeeKÙee (a) DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW keâes menpelee mes «enCe keâjves mes
JÙeeKÙee (d) KesleeW ceW DeÛÚer heâmeue Glhevve nesleer nw
6. Øemlegle heÅeebMe ceW keâefJe ves efkeâve YeejleerÙe keâueeDeeW keâer ÛeÛee& keâer nw? 3. efnboer ves ueÛeeruesheve kesâ keâejCe keäÙee efkeâÙee?
(a) kesâJeue DevÙe Yee<ee kesâ MeyoeW keâes «enCe efkeâÙee
(a) Oeerjpe, ieewjJe, efJeJeskeâ, menveMeefkeäle
(b) DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW Je meebmke=âeflekeâ lesJejeW keâes Deheves ceW mecesš efueÙee
(b) lehe, keâce&, oeve, Oece&
(c) Deheveer meeceeefpekeâ henÛeeve keâes yeveeS jKee
(c) mebieerle, ve=lÙe, keâefJelee keâce&, cetefle&keâuee
(d) otmejer Yee<eeDeeW keâes DeefOekeâ cenòJe efoÙee
(d) veoer, ÛeeBo, leejs, Dece=le
JÙeeKÙee (b) DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW Je meebmke=âeflekeâ lesJejeW keâes Deheves ceW mecesš
JÙeeKÙee (c) mebieerle, ve=lÙe, keâefJelee keâce&, cetefle&keâuee
efueÙee
7. Øemlegle heÅeebMe keâe keWâõerÙe YeeJe keäÙee nw? 4. efnboer Yee<ee kesâ meboYe& ceW MegæleeJeeoer nesves mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw?
(a) Yeejleceelee keâer mece=efæ, OewÙe& Je meeQoÙe& keâe JeCe&ve keâjvee (a) iewj-efnboer Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW keâes «enCe keâjvee
(b) keâefJe kesâ keâefJelee keâce& keâer ØeMebmee keâjvee (b) efnboer keâer yeesefueÙeeW Deewj Gvekesâ MeyoeW keâes ØeOeevelee oskeâj efnboer keâe efJekeâeme
(c) efMeuhekeâejeW kesâ keâewMeue keâes DeefYeJÙekeäle keâjvee keâjvee
(d) Øeeke=âeflekeâ meeQoÙe& keâe efÛe$eCe keâjvee (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW
JÙeeKÙee (a) Yeejleceelee keâer mece=efæ, OewÙe& Je meeQoÙe& keâe JeCe&ve keâjvee (d) kesâJeue efnboer keâes cenòJe osvee
8. Yeejleceelee kesâ meboYe& ceW efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve-mee keâLeve JÙeeKÙee (a) iewj-efnboer Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW keâes «enCe keâjvee
DemelÙe nw? 5. Deepe nceW meyemes mebJeeo keâjves kesâ DeJemej efkeâmeves efoS nQ?
(a) ieewjJe keâe ceeie& efoKeeleer nw (b) keâce&nervelee keâe mebosMe osleer nw (a) metÛevee ›eâebefle ves (b) lekeâveerkeâer efJekeâeme ves
(c) Oeerjpe keâe hee" heÌ{eleer nw (d) keâ<š menvee efmeKeeleer nw (c) Jew%eeefvekeâ DeeefJe<keâejeW kesâ oyeeJe ves (d) Ùes meYeer
JÙeeKÙee (b) keâce&nervelee keâe mebosMe osleer nw JÙeeKÙee (d) Ùes meYeer
{hÝXr 7
6. DeeOegefvekeâ ØeÙeespeveeW kesâ Deveg¤he efJekeâeme Deewj Yee<ee SJeb efueefhe mes mebyebefOele nw, lees keâeÙe&Jeener kesâ efnmmes kesâ leewj hej heefjceeCeeW kesâ JeebefÚle mecegÛÛeÙe Gmekeâe
Ùeebef$ekeâ meeOeveeW keâe efJekeâeme keâjves mes keäÙee nesiee? heeueve keâjWies~ efpeme hej Ùen efJeÛeej veneR keâjlee, Jen Devehesef#ele heefjCeeceeW keâer
(a) efJeMJe «eece keâer mebkeâuhevee meekeâej nes peeSieer Iešvee nw, peesefkeâ DeefveÙeefcele Ùee Deekeâefmcekeâ veneR nw~ meYeer mebJewOeeefvekeâ Deewj
(b) efnboer keâer Gvveefle DeJe®æ nes peeSieer keâevetveer ef[peeFveeW ceW pees efJeÛeej nw, Jen jepeveereflekeâ heefjCeeceeW keâe nw, efpemes Fme
(c) ceveg<Ùe Ùeb$eJele ØeeCeer yevekeâj jn peeSiee
Øekeâej keâer meesÛe Jeeues JÙeefkeäle kesâ efueS ceesšs leewj hej hetJee&vegceeefvele efkeâÙee pee
(d) lekeâveerkeâer Gvveefle nesieer
mekeâlee nw~
JÙeeKÙee (a) efJeMJe «eece keâer mebkeâuhevee meekeâej nes peeSieer
1. efoS ieS heefjÛÚso ceW ‘ef[peeFve kesâ peeot ceW mejueerke=âle efJeMJeeme’ keâe keäÙee
7. efnboer keâes GheÙeesieer Deewj keâeÙe&#ece yeveeves kesâ efueS Gmes kewâmee nesvee ÛeeefnS? DeLe& nw?
(a) mece=æ (b) efkeäue<š
1. jepeveereflekeâ megOeejeW hej ¤efÌ{Jeeoer heefjØes#Ùe Kego keâes jepeveerefle kesâ mebmLeeveeW
(c) mejue-menpe (d) Ùes meYeer
kesâ meeLe mecyeefvOele keâjlee nw~
JÙeeKÙee (c) mejue-menpe
2. jepeveereflekeâ megOejeW hej ¤efÌ{Jeeoer heefjØes#Ùe mJeÙeb keâes keâevetve ceW
8. efnboer Debleje&<šêrÙe meerceeDeeWW ceW Yeejle keâe ØeefleefveefOelJe keâye keâjsieer? heefjJele&veeW kesâ heefjCeeceeW keâe efvejer#eCe keâjves JeeueeW keâer leguevee ceW keâevetve
(a) peye mejkeâej keâer lelhejlee nesieer heefjJele&ve mes DeefOekeâ mecyefvOele keâjlee nw~
(b) peye pevelee keâer FÛÚeMeefkeäle nesieer Ghejeskeäle keâLeveeW ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes mener nw/nQ?
(c) peye mejkeâej keâer lelhejlee kesâ meeLe pevelee keâer ÂÌ{ FÛÚeMeefkeäle keâes efnboer (a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2
mes peesÌ[ oWies (c) 1 Deewj 2 oesveeW (d) ve lees 1 Deewj ve ner 2
(d) peye efnboer keâes DeefOekeâ cenòJe efceueves ueiesiee
JÙeeKÙee (b) heefjÛÚso kesâ Devegmeej, keâevetve ceW heefjJele&ve hej yengle DeefOekeâ
JÙeeKÙee (c) peye mejkeâej keâer lelhejlee kesâ meeLe pevelee keâer ÂÌ{ FÛÚeMeefkeäle
yeue efoÙee ieÙee nw~ JewefMJekeâ mebJewOeeefvekeâ DeeoMe& ceW Meemeve kesâ veS Øee¤he keâes
keâes efnboer mes peesÌ[ oWies
leueeMevee efyevee Fme yeele hej heÙee&hle efJeÛeej efkeâS efkeâ Gme ØeCeeueer ceW keäÙee
9. eEnoer ves DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW keâes mJeÙeb ceW meceeefnle keâjles ngS Dehevee DeveeÙeeme jepeveereflekeâ heefjCeece nes mekeâles nQ~ Ùen ‘mejueerke=âle efJeMJeeme’ nw,
mJe¤he efveefce&le keâjkesâ keäÙee efkeâÙee? efpemekesâ yeejs ceW heefjÛÚso ceW keâne ieÙee nw~ keâLeve-2 heefjÛÚso ceW efveefo&<š
(a) Yeejle keâer Yeewieesefuekeâ
efmLeefle ceW heefjJele&ve efkeâÙee efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw~ uesefkeâve keâLeve-1 ‘ef[peeFve kesâ peeot keâe efJeMJeeme’ keâer
(b) Yeejle keâer meeceeefpekeâ
mebmke=âefle keâer henÛeeve yeve ieF& JÙeeKÙee vener keâjlee~ Dele: keâLeve 2 mener nw~ Fme efueS efJekeâuhe (b) mener
(c) efnboer kesâ mJe¤heeW keâes
DeeÛÚeefole efkeâÙee Gòej nw~
(d) efnboer kesâ efJekeâeme keâes
jeskeâ efoÙee
2. ‘‘YeejleerÙe ueeskeâlev$e ceW jmceeW kesâ mecyevOe ceW mecekeâeueerve Yeü<šeÛeej~’’
JÙeeKÙee (b) Yeejle keâer meeceeefpekeâ mebmke=âefle keâer henÛeeve yeve ieF&
heefjÛÚso kesâ Devegmeej efvecveefueefKele ceW keâewve-mee JeekeäÙeebMe Fme keâLeve keâes
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? mhe<š keâjlee nw?
(a) efnboer
Yee<ee hej (b) efnboer Yee<ee Deewj DevÙe Yee<ee hej 1. ¤efÌ{Jeeoer heefjØes#Ùe Fme Øekeâej kesâ Yeü<šeÛeej keâer GheefmLeefle keâe JeCe&ve
(c) efnboer
Yee<ee Deewj lekeâveerkeâer Ùegie hej keâjlee nw~
(d) efnboer
kesâ efJekeâeme hej 2. ¤efÌ{Jeeoer heefjØes#Ùe Fme Øekeâej kesâ Yeü<šeÛeej keâes kesâJeue DeewheÛeeefjkeâlee
JÙeeKÙee (c) efnboer Yee<ee Deewj lekeâveerkeâer Ùegie hej kesâ efueS mevoefYe&le keâjlee nw~
3. Ùen JeekeäÙeebMe jepeveereflekeâ SJeb ÛegveeJe ØeCeeueer keâer meeJe&Yeewefcekeâlee keâer
~moY 4 Keespe keâes Gpeeiej keâjlee nw~
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) veerÛes efoS ieS yeesOe keâes OÙeevehetJe&keâ heÌ{keâj mener Gòej ketâš
keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ (a) kesâJeue 2 (b) 1 Deewj 2
¤efÌ{Jeeoer heefjheÇs#Ùe kesâ kegâÚ iegCe jepeveereflekeâ megOeejeW keâe meceLe&ve keâjves Jeeueer (c) 1 Deewj 3 (d) 1, 2 Deewj 3
meesÛe hej neJeer jnles nQ~ meyemes henues Fme yeewefækeâ Deewj JÙeeJeneefjkeâ Tpee& keâe JÙeeKÙee (a) heefjÛÚso kesâ Devegmeej uesKekeâ keâe leelheÙe& nw efkeâ «eeceerCe
cegKÙe OÙeeve kesâvõerÙe mejkeâej kesâ ef[peeFve yeoueves hej kesâefvõle neslee nw~ otmejer heefjØes#Ùe ueeskeâlev$e ceW mecekeâeueerve Yeü°eÛeej keâes mevoefYe&le keâjlee nw leLee Ùen
Dence yeele Ùen nw efkeâ ÙeneB Yeejle mes meyemes DeÛÚer jepeveereflekeâ ØeLeeDeeW keâes ueeiet Skeâ efveÙeefcele ieefleefJeefOe yeve Ûegkeâer nw~ neueeBefkeâ Fmekeâe Ùen DeLe& Yeer nw efkeâ
keâjves kesâ efueS Skeâ DeÛÚs jepeveereflekeâ Ùee ÛegveeJe ØeCeeueer keâer meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ Keespe ¤efÌ{Jeeoer heefjØes#Ùe Fme Øekeâej kesâ YeÇ°eÛeejeW kesâ nesves keâe KeC[ve veneR keâjlee
DeYeer Yeer peejer nw~ ÙeÅeefhe YeejleerÙe ueeskeâlev$e ceW mecekeâeueerve keâoeÛeej kesâ mevoYe& nw~ Dele: kesâJeue keâLeve 2 heefjÛÚso keâe DevegmejCe keâjlee nw~ FmeefueS
ceW Skeâ jmce nw, efpemekesâ Devleiele& Fve ØemleeJeeW keâes ÙeneB efkeâmeer Yeer efJeMues<eCe ceW heefjÛÚso kesâ Devegmeej efoS ieS JeekeäÙeebMe keâe mener Gòej efJekeâuhe (a) nw~
DeeßeÙe veneR efoÙee ieÙee nw~ FmeceW keâesF& DeeMÛeÙe& veneR nw efkeâ heefjCeece JewefMJekeâ 3. heefjÛÚso kesâ Devegmeej jepeveereflekeâ megOeejeW kesâ mecyevOe ceW Jele&ceeve heefjJesMe
mebJewOeeefvekeâ Âef<š mes Skeâ Øekeâej keâer-Fvšjvesš Mee@efhebie nw (Decesefjkeâer efÉ-heešea kesâ osKeles ngS efkeâve ØeJe=efòeÙeeW keâes Deheveeves hej yeue efoÙee ieÙee nw?
ØeCeeueer, pece&ve ceW DeelceefJeMJeeme keâe jÛeveelcekeâ Jeesš, DeOÙe#eerÙe Deewj mebmeoerÙe (a) mejkeâej keâer ef[peeFve ceW yeoueeJe
ØeCeeueer keâe Øeâebmeermeer efceßeCe Deewj keâF& DevÙe)~ leermejer yeele ÙeneB kesâ ef[peeFve kesâ (b) ÛegveeJe ØeCeeueer keâer meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ Keespe
peeot ceW mejueerke=âle efJeMJeeme nw~ keâevetve ceW yeoueeJe keâjves kesâ efueS kesâJeue mecemÙee (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW
kesâ meceeOeeve keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw~ Skeâ yeej peye Deehekesâ heeme mener ef[peeFve neslee (d) mecemÙee meceeOeeve keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee keâe hetJee&vegceeve
JÙeeKÙee (c) heefjÛÚso kesâ Devegmeej jepeveereflekeâ megOeejeW hej yeue efoÙee ieÙee nw, KeÛeeauee nw; pewmes–meeiej kesâ Keejs peue keâes efJeueJeCeerkeâjCe Éeje hesÙepeue yeveeÙee
efpemeceW kegâÚ ueesieeW ves kesâvõerÙe mejkeâej kesâ ef[peeFve ceW yeoueeJe hej yeue efoÙee pee mekeâlee nw, efkeâvleg Ùen ØeewÅeesefiekeâer keâeheâer cenBieer nw~
ieÙee nw~ JeneR otmejer Deesj kegâÚ ueesieeW Éeje Skeâ DeÛÚs jepeveereflekeâ ØeCeeueer efJeieled kegâÚ oMekeâeW ceW pevemebKÙee ceW leer›e Je=efæ ngF& nw~ Dele: pevemebKÙee keâer
keâer meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ Keespe keâer yeele keâner ieF& nw, pees DeYeer peejer nw~ kegâÚ ueesieeW DeeJeMÙekeâleeDeeW keâes hetje keâjves kesâ heefjCeecemJe™he he=LJeer keâer heeefjefmLeeflekeâer lev$e
ves keâevetve ceW yeoueeJe nsleg kesâJeue mecemÙee meceeOeeve keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee hej efoÙee ceW JÙeehekeâ heefjJele&ve ngS nQ, efJeMes<eleÙee Yeespeve, ceer"s peue, uekeâÌ[er, heâeFyej Deewj
nw, ve efkeâ jepeveereflekeâ megOeejeW kesâ mecyevOe hej~ Dele: efJekeâuhe (c) mener nw~ FËOeve Deeefo ceW~ Fvemes DeeefLe&keâ efJekeâeme Deewj ceeveJe keâuÙeeCe ceW cenòJehetCe&
4. heefjÛÚso kesâ Devegmeej, efvecveefueefKele ceW mes YeejleerÙe jepeveereflekeâ megOeejeW hej meheâuelee efceueer, uesefkeâve Øeehle ueeYe meceeve ¤he mes efJeleefjle veneR efkeâS pee mekesâ
keâewve-mes ¤efÌ{Jeeoer heefjØes#Ùe keâe cenòJe veneR nw? nQ~ kegâÚ ueesieeW keâes Fve heefjJele&veeW kesâ heefjCeecemJe™he neefve Yeer ngF& nw~ Fmekesâ
1. kesâvõerÙe mejkeâej keâe ef[peeFve~
Deefleefjkeäle, heeefjefmLeeflekeâ lev$e ceW ngS yeoueeJeeW mes ‘JemlegDeeW Deewj mesJeeDeeW’ ceW
Deuhekeâeefuekeâ Je=efæ nesleer nw, uesefkeâve Gmekeâer keâercele otmejer JemlegDeeW SJeb mesJeeDeeW
2. meyemes DeÛÚer jepeveereflekeâ ØeLeeSB~
kesâ heleve mes Deoe keâer peeleer nw~ GoenjCe kesâ efueS, Yeespeve Deewj heâeFyej keâe
3. mebJewOeeefvekeâ Deewj keâevetveer ef[peeFve kesâ heefjCeece~
Glheeove yeÌ{eves kesâ ØeÙeemeeW mes mJeÛÚ peue keâer GheueyOelee, yeeÌ{ efJeefveÙeefcele
4. Jele&ceeve efmLeefleÙeeW kesâ efJeMues<eCe hej DeeOeeefjle veerefleÙeeB~ keâjves Deewj pewJe efJeefJeOelee keâer #eefle FlÙeeefo~
ketâš
1. heefjÛÚso kesâ Devegmeej efvecveefueefKele ØeMveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerepf eS
(a) 1 Deewj 2 (b) 2 Deewj 3
1. heeefjefmLeeflekeâer lev$e Skeâ efJeefMe<š heÙee&JejCe JÙeJemLee nw~
(c) 3 Deewj 4 (d) 1 Deewj 4
2. heeefjefmLeeflekeâer lev$e ueesieeW keâes Yeespeve, mJeÛÚ peue, mJeÛÚ JeeÙeg,
JÙeeKÙee (c) heefjÛÚso kesâ Devegmeej, jepeveereflekeâ megOeejeW hej ¤efÌ{Jeeoer peueJeeÙeg efJeefveÙece, meewvoÙe& Yeesie FlÙeeefo efJeefYevve JemlegSB SJeb mesJeeSB Øeoeve
heefjØes#Ùe Yeejle ceW meyemes DeÛÚer jepeveereflekeâ ØeLeeDeeW keâe DeeÙeele keâjves Deewj keâjlee nw~
kesâvõerÙe mejkeâej keâer mebjÛevee hej kesâefvõle nw, uesefkeâve Yeejle keâer Jele&ceeve 3. heÙee&JejCe kesâ efJeefYevve IeškeâeW kesâ ceOÙe Skeâ Demevlegueve heeÙee peelee nw,
efmLeefle kesâ efJe<eÙe ceW keâesF& efJeJejCe veneR oslee nw~ Fme DeLe& ceW kesâJeue keâLeve 1 pees efJeefMe<š peerJeve mecetneW kesâ efJekeâeme ceW yeeOekeâ neslee nw~
Deewj 2 keâes ¤efÌ{Jeeoer heefjØes#Ùe ceW Meeefceue efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw~ Fme Øekeâej
Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes keâLeve melÙe nw/nQ?
efoÙee ieÙee keâLeve (3) leLee (4) mener nw, pees ¤efÌ{Jeeoer heefjØes#Ùe kesâ cenòJe keâe
(a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2
Yeeie veneR nw~ Dele: efJekeâuhe (c) mener nw~ (c) kesâJeue 1 Deewj 2 (d) kesâJeue 1 Deewj 3
5. efoS ieS heefjÛÚso kesâ mevoYe& ceW jepeveereflekeâ megOeejeW hej Jele&ceeve ØeÛeefuele JÙeeKÙee (c) keâLeve-1 melÙe nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ cetuele: heeefjefmLeeflekeâer lev$e Skeâ
meesÛe efkeâme Øekeâej Gmekesâ hetJe&Jeefle&ÙeeW kesâ meceeve nw? efJeefMe<š heÙee&JejCeerÙe JÙeJemLee nw, efpemeceW heÙee&JejCe kesâ efJeefYevve IeškeâeW kesâ
1. GÛÛe jepeveerefle kesâ mebmLeeveeW kesâ efJekeâeme hej yeue~ yeerÛe Skeâ mevlegueve heeÙee peelee nw~ keâLeve 2 Yeer melÙe nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ yeesOe kesâ
2. DeÛÚer jepeveereflekeâ ÛegveeJeer ØeCeeueer kesâ efueS meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ Keespe~ Devegmeej heeefjefmLeeflekeâer ueesieeW keâes efJeefYevve JemlegSB Deewj mesJeeSB; pewmes-Yeespeve,
ketâš mJeÛÚ heeveer, mJeÛÚ nJee, yeeÌ{ efveÙeb$eCe, efcešdšer efmLejerkeâjCe hejeieCe
(a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2 Øeef›eâÙee ceW meneÙelee, peueJeeÙeg efJeefveÙeceve DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ hetefle& Deewj
(c) 1 Deewj 2 oesveeW (d) ve lees 1 Deewj ve ner 2 meewvoÙe&-Yeesie FlÙeeefo Øeoeve keâjlee nw~ keâLeve-3 DemelÙe nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ heÙee&JejCe
JÙeeKÙee (a) heefjÛÚso kesâ Devegmeej, jepeveereflekeâ megOeejeW Ùee ØeÛeefuele heefjhes#Ùe kesâ efJeefYevve IeškeâeW kesâ yeerÛe Demevlegueve veneR, yeefukeâ Skeâ mevlegueve neslee nw,
‘GÛÛe jepeveerefle kesâ hetJeea hetJe&Jeefle&ÙeeW kesâ meeLe yeeBšlee nw~’ Fme Øekeâej keâLeve 1 efpememes heeefjefmLeeflekeâer lev$e kesâ peerJe-pevleg efvejvlej efJekeâeme keâjles nQ~
DevegmejCe keâjlee nw~ keâLeve 2 keâes megOeejeW hej Jele&ceeve heefjhes#Ùe keâer Demevlegueve keâer efmLeefle ceW heÙee&JejCeerÙe mebkeâš hewoe nes peeSiee~
efJeMes<eleeDeeW kesâ leewj hej efvee|o<š efkeâÙee ieÙee nw~ uesefkeâve Ùen efve<keâef<e&le veneR 2. heefjÛÚso kesâ Devegmeej yeÌ{leer Deeyeeoer Øeefleketâue ¤he mes ØeYeeefJele keâjleer nw
efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw efkeâ Fme Øekeâej keâer ‘meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ Keespe hetJe&Jeefle&ÙeeW keâer 1. JÙeeheej 2. ceer"e hesÙepeue
efJeMes<elee Leer keâer veneR~’ Fme Øekeâej efJekeâuhe (a) mener nw~ 3. FËOeve 4. meewvoÙe&-Yeesie
ketâš
~moY 5 (a) 1 Deewj 2 (b) 2 Deewj 3
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) veerÛes efoS ieS yeesOe keâes OÙeevehetJe&keâ heÌ{keâj mener Gòej (c) 3 Deewj 4 (d) FveceW mes keâesF&veneR
keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ JÙeeKÙee (b) JÙeeheej Deewj meewvoÙe&-Yeesie keâe yeÌ{leer pevemebKÙee mes mecyevOe
cetuele: heeefjefmLeeflekeâer lev$e Skeâ efJeefMe<š heÙee&JejCe JÙeJemLee nw, efpemeceW heÙee&JejCe ØeoefMe&le veneR efkeâÙee ieÙee nw, peyeefkeâ ceer"e hesÙepeue, Yeespeve, uekeâÌ[er, heâeFyej
kesâ efJeefYevve IeškeâeW ceW Skeâ mevlegueve neslee nw, pees efJeefMe<š peerJeve mecetneW kesâ leLee FËOeve FlÙeeefo yeÌ{leer Deeyeeoer mes ØeYeeefJele nesves Jeeues DeJeÙeJe nQ~
efJekeâeme keâe keâejkeâ neslee nw— 3. heefjÛÚso kesâ mevoYe& ceW keâewve-mee/keâewve-mes keâLeve DemelÙe nw/nQ?
heeefjefmLeeflekeâ lev$e ueesieeW keâes efJeefYevve JemlegSB Deewj mesJeeSB; pewmes–Yeespeve, mJeÛÚ (a) leer›e ieefle mes yeÌ{leer pevemebKÙee mes, kegâÚ ueesie Øeefleketâue ¤he mes
heeveer, mJeÛÚ nJee, yeeÌ{ efveÙev$eCe, eqcešdšer efmLejerkeâjCe, hejeieCe Øeef›eâÙee ceW ØeYeeefJele ngS
meneÙelee, peueJeeÙeg efJeefveÙeceve DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ hetefle& Deewj meewvoÙe&-Yeesie FlÙeeefo (b) heeefjefmLeeflekeâer lev$e ceW nesves Jeeues heefjJele&veeW mes kegâÚ ueesieeW keâes
Øeoeve keâjlee nw~ Fve ueeYeeW ceW mes DeefOekeâebMe keâes DeÛeue DeJemLee ceW yeouevee Ùee DeuheeefJeefOe ceW neefve nes mekeâleer nw, efkeâvleg oerIe&keâeue ceW Fmekesâ
Gvekeâes ØeeflemLeeefhele keâjves kesâ efueS šskeävee@ueepeer keâe GheÙeesie keâjvee yengle ner ueeYeoeÙekeâ heefjCeece Øeehle neWies
{hÝXr 9
(c) Yeespeve, heâeFyej Deewj FËOeve ceW Je=efæ nsleg heÙee&hle ØeÙeeme keâe DeYeeJe 1. Fme heefjÛÚso keâe cetue YeeJe keäÙee nw?
efceuelee nw (a) efÉleerÙe efJeMJe keâer efJeYeeref<ekeâe
(d) (b) Deewj (c) oesveeW (b) JewefMJekeâ heefjÂMÙe ceW Mem$e efvecee&Ce keâer nesÌ[
JÙeeKÙee (d) Ghejeskeäle keâLeveeW ceW mes keâLeve (b) Deewj (c) DemelÙe nQ~ heefjÛÚso (c) efve:Mem$eerkeâjCe Deewj efJeMJe Meeefvle keâer mLeehevee
efJekeâuhe (b) keâe meceLe&ve veneR keâj jne nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ efJekeâuhe (c) DeØeemebefiekeâ (d) meJe&veeMe keâe YeÙe
nw~ Dele: (b) Deewj (c) efJekeâuhe DemelÙe nQ~ JÙeeKÙee (c) efve:Mem$eerkeâjCe Deewj efJeMJe Meeefvle keâer mLeehevee Fme heefjÛÚso keâe
4. heeefjefmLeeflekeâer lev$e ceW ngS yeoueeJeeW ceW efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâmeceW cetueYeeJe nw~ ÛetBefkeâ efÉleerÙe efJeMJe Ùegæ ceW Oeve-ceeue keâer #eefle ves ueesieeW keâes
Deuhekeâeefuekeâ Je=efæ nesleer nw? Ùegæ mes efJecegKe nesves keâer ØesjCee oer~ hejceeCeg nefLeÙeejeW keâe Ieelekeâ heefjCeece
(a) meeOeveeW Deewj mesJeeDeesb ceW (b) meeOeveeW Deewj JemlegDeeW ceW meYeer osMe osKe Ûegkesâ Les, peyeefkeâ peeheeve Fmekeâe ØelÙe#e ¤he mes heerefÌ[le osMe Lee~
(c) JemlegDeeW Deewj mesJeeDeeW ceW (d) Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâesF& veneR hejceeCeg yece kesâ ØeÙeesie mes ogefveÙee keâes yeÛeeves nsleg Meeefvle SJeb efve:Mem$eerkeâjCe keâer
JÙeeKÙee (c) heeefjefmLeeflekeâer lev$e ceW heefjJele&veeW mes JemlegDeeW Deewj mesJeeDeeW ceW mLeehevee DeeJeMÙekeâ Leer~
Deuhekeâeefuekeâ Je=efæ nesleer nw, uesefkeâve Fmekeâer keâercele otmejer JemlegDeeW Deewj 2. efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS
mesJeeDeeW ceW heleve mes Deoe keâer peeleer nw~ heefjÛÚso ceW meeOeveeW mes Fmekeâe keâesF& 1. efÉleerÙe efJeMJeÙegæ ceW peeheeve hej ngS hejceeCeg nceues kesâ Ieelekeâ heefjCeece
mecyevOe veneR oMee&Ùee ieÙee nw~ ves Decesefjkeâe, ™me meefnle DevÙe osMeeW keâes hejceeCeg Mem$eem$eeW kesâ efJeveeMe
5. heefjÛÚso kesâ mevoYe& ceW efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS keâer ØesjCee oer~
1. ceeveJe keâuÙeeCe kesâ efueS, he=LJeer kesâ heeefjefmLeeflekeâer lev$e ceW yeoueeJe 2. hejceeCeg nefLeÙeej Deuhe meceÙe ceW Ieelekeâ ØeYeeJe hewoe keâj mekeâles nQ~
ueevee JeebefÚle nw~ Ghejeskeäle keâLeveeW ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes ieuele nw/nQ?
2. šskeäveesuee@peer kesâ ceeOÙece mes nce heeefjefmLeeflekeâer lev$e Éeje Øeoòe JemlegDeeW (a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2
SJeb mesJeeDeeW keâes ØeeflemLeeefhele veneR keâj mekeâles nQ~ (c) 1 Deewj 2 oesveeW (d) ve lees 1 Deewj ve ner 2
ketâš JÙeeKÙee (a) keâLeve 1 mener veneR nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ efÉleerÙe efJeMJeÙegæ ceW hejceeCeg yece
(a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2 keâer Meefkeäle ves kegâÚ ner meceÙe ceW peeheeve pewmeer DepesÙe Meefkeäle keâes hejemle keâj
(c) 1 Deewj 2 oesveeW (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR
efoÙee~ Dele: hejceeCeg Meefkeäle keâer Ùegækeâeueerve meheâuelee mes Glmeeefnle neskeâj
JÙeeKÙee (b) heefjÛÚso ceW nceejs heeefjefmLeeflekeâer lev$e ceW ngS heefjJele&ve mes Deveskeâ osMe Fme Øekeâej kesâ Mem$eeW kesâ efvecee&Ce keâer efoMee ceW GvcegKe ngS ve efkeâ
Glhevve mekeâejelcekeâ Deewj vekeâejelcekeâ leLÙeeW keâer yeele keâer ieF& nw ve efkeâ ceeveJe efJeveeMe keâer efoMee ceW~ keâLeve-2 melÙe nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ hejceeCeg yece keâer Meefkeäle ves
keâuÙeeCe nsleg yeoueeJe keâes JeebefÚle ceevee ieÙee nw~ Dele: keâLeve 1 DemelÙe nw~ Ùen efoKee efoÙee efkeâ Fmekeâe ØeÙeesie MeefkeäleMeeueer osMe keâes Yeer yengle keâce meceÙe ceW
peyeefkeâ keâLeve 2 keâe heefjÛÚso ceW mhe<š ¤he mes GuuesKe efceuelee nw~ Dele: ve<š keâj mekeâlee nw~ peeheeve Fmekeâe ØelÙe#e GoenjCe nw~
keâLeve 2 melÙe nw~ Fme Øekeâej efJekeâuhe (b) mener Gòej nesiee~
3. efve:Mem$eerkeâjCe keâer ÙeespeveeSB keäÙeeW yeveeF& pee jner nQ?
(a) keäÙeeWefkeâ Deeies efJeMJe Ùegæ nesves keâer keâesF& mecYeeJevee veneR nw
~moY 6 (b) keäÙeeWefkeâ Deelebkeâ Deewj efJeMJe efJeveeMe keâe YeÙe yeÌ{lee pee jne nw
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) veerÛes efoS ieS yeesOe keâes OÙeevehetJe&keâ heÌ{keâj mener Gòej (c) keäÙeeWefkeâ efJekeâefmele osMeeW kesâ mebmeeOeve meceehle nesles pee jns nQ
(d) keäÙeeWefkeâ Ùes ÙeespeveeSB UNO ves yeveeF& nQ
keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
Jew%eeefvekeâ ØeÙeesie keâer meheâuelee ves ceeveJe yegefæ keâe DehetJe& efJekeâeme keâj efoÙee nw~ JÙeeKÙee (b) efve:Mem$eerkeâjCe keâer ÙeespeveeSB yeveeves keâe ØecegKe keâejCe Deelebkeâ
efÉleerÙe efJeMJeÙegæ ceW hejceeCeg yece keâer Meefkeäle ves kegâÚ ner #eCeeW ceW peeheeve pewmeer SJeb efJeMJe efJeveeMe keâe YeÙe nw~ efJeefYevve Ieelekeâ nefLeÙeejeW kesâ efvecee&Ce Deewj
DepeÙe ceneMeefkeäle keâes hejemle keâj efoÙee~ Fme Meefkeäle keâer Ùegækeâeueerve meheâuelee ves Fvekesâ ØeÙeesie keâer mecYeeJevee ves mechetCe& efJeMJe keâes Deelebefkeâle keâj efoÙee nw~
Decesefjkeâe, efyeÇšsve, øeâebme leLee ¤me Deeefo meYeer osMeeW keâes Ssmes Mem$eem$eeW kesâ hejceeCeg Meefkeäle mes heerefÌ[le peeheeve Deepe Yeer Gmekesâ ØeYeeJe mes veneR GYej mekeâe
efvecee&Ce keâer ØesjCee oer efkeâ Ùes meYeer YeÙebkeâj Deewj meJe&efJeveeMekeâejer Mem$e yeveeves nw~ Fme heefjÛÚso kesâ mecyevOe ceW DevÙe leerveeW keâLeve A, C leLee D DemelÙe nQ,
ueies~ Deye mesvee keâes hejeefpele keâjves leLee Me$eg-osMe hej hewoue mesvee Éeje Dee›eâceCe peyeefkeâ efJekeâuhe (b) mener Gòej nw~
keâjves kesâ mLeeve hej osMe kesâ efJeveeMe keâer oMee ceW Mem$eem$e efveefce&le nesves ueies nQ~ 4. ‘‘JÙeehekeâ efJeveeMe keâe mebkeâš Deemevve efoKeeF& oslee nw~’’
Fve nefLeÙeejeW keâe ØeÙeesie nesves hej Me$eg-osMeeW keâer DeefOekeâebMe pevelee Deewj mecheefòe Fme JeekeäÙe ceW Deemevve mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw?
LeesÌ[s ner meceÙe ceW ner ve<š keâer pee mekesâieer~ ÛetBefkeâ Ssmes Mem$eem$e ØeeÙe: meYeer (a) keâYeer Yeer Ieefšle veneR nesves Jeeuee
mJelev$e osMeeW kesâ meb«eneueÙeeW ceW Dee ieS nQ~ Dele: Ùegæ keâer efmLeefle ceW Gvekeâe ØeÙeesie (b) kegâÚ meceÙe yeeo Ieefšle nesves Jeeuee
Yeer DeefveJeeÙe& nes peeSiee~ Dele: ogefveÙee keâe meJe&veeMe Ùee DeefOekeâebMe veeMe lees (c) efkeâmeer #es$e efJeMes<e ceW Ieefšle nesves Jeeuee
(d) DeJeMÙe Ieefšle nesves Jeeuee
DeJeMÙe ner nes peeSiee~ FmeefueS efve:Mem$eerkeâjCe keâer ÙeespeveeSB yeve jner nQ~
Mem$eem$eeW kesâ efvecee&Ce ceW pees efoMee DeheveeF& ieF&, Gmeer kesâ Devegmeej Deepe Fleves JÙeeKÙee (d) Ghejeskeäle ceW mes efJekeâuhe (d) mener Gòej nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ ÙeneB
Gvvele Mem$eem$e yeve ieS nQ efkeâ efpevekesâ ØeÙeesie mes JÙeehekeâ efJeveeMe keâe mebkeâš ‘JÙeehekeâ efJeveeMe keâe mebkeâš Deemevve efoKeeF& osves mes’ leelheÙe& ‘DeJeMÙe Ieefšle
Deemevve efoKeeF& heÌ[lee nw~ Deye Yeer hejer#eCeeW keâer jeskeâLeece leLee yeves Mem$eem$eeW kesâ nesves mes’ nw~ Ssmeer Iešvee pees kegâÚ meceÙe ceW DeJeMÙe ner Ieefšle nesves Jeeueer
ØeÙeesie keâes jeskeâves kesâ ceeie& Keespes pee jns nQ~ Fve ØeÙeemeeW kesâ cetue ceW Skeâ YeÙebkeâj nesleer nw, Gmes ‘Deemevve Iešvee’ keânles nQ~ Mes<e efJekeâuhe Fme mevoYe& ceW melÙe
Deelebkeâ Deewj efJeMJe efJeveeMe keâe YeÙe keâeÙe& keâj jne nw~ veneR nQ~
5. efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS JÙeeKÙee (d) Ghejeskeäle ceW mes efJekeâuhe (d) DeLee&led leerveeW keâLeve melÙe nQ~
1. ogefveÙee keâes meJe&veeMe mes yeÛeeves nsleg efve:Mem$eerkeâjCe keâer ÙeespeveeSB yeve jner nQ~ heefjÛÚso kesâ Devegmeej– efve:Mem$eerkeâjCe keâer ÙeespeveeSB ogefveÙee keâes meJe&veeMe mes
2. Mem$eem$eeW kesâ efvecee&Ce mes JÙeehekeâ efJeveeMe keâer mecYeeJevee yeve ieF& nw~ yeÛeeves nsleg keâer pee jner nQ~ Dele: keâLeve 1 melÙe nw~
3. efve:Mem$eerkeâjCe kesâ cetue ceW Skeâ YeÙebkeâj Deelebkeâ Deewj efJeMJe efJeveeMe keâe keâLeve-2 Yeer melÙe nw; keäÙeeWefkeâ hejceeCeg nefLeÙeejeW SJeb DevÙe Ieelekeâ nefLeÙeejeW mes
YeÙe keâeÙe& keâj jne nw~ efJeMJe hej efJeveeMe keâe mebkeâš Deemevve efoKeeF& oslee nw~
Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes keâLeve melÙe nw/nQ? keâLeve-3 Yeer melÙe nw, efve:Mem$eerkeâjCe keâe cetue keâejCe JÙeehekeâ efJeveeMe kesâ
(a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2 nefLeÙeejeW kesâ efvecee&Ce SJeb meb«en keâes jeskeâves mes nw~ Fme Øekeâej efJekeâuhe (d) mener
(c) kesâJeue 3 (d) Ùes meYeer Gòej nesiee~
M¡ßQ>a à¡p³Q>g
~moY 1 4. cekeâeve, DeÛÚe Yeespeve leLee Jem$e, jsueieeÌ[er, ceesšj Deewj nJeeF& penepe
Deeefo meYeer mebmke=âefle keâer henÛeeve nQ~
keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes keâLeve melÙe nw/nQ?
(a) kesâJeue 1
mebmke=âefle Deewj meYÙelee Ùes oes Meyo nQ Deewj Gvekesâ DeLe& Yeer Deueie-Deueie nQ~ (b) kesâJeue 2 Deewj 3
meYÙelee ceveg<Ùe keâe Jen iegCe nw, efpememes Jen Deheveer yee¢e lejkeäkeâer/Øeieefle keâjlee (c) 1, 2 Deewj 4
nw~ mebmke=âefle Jen iegCe nw efpememes Jen Deheveer Deevleefjkeâ Gvveefle keâjlee nw, DeLee&led (d) Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâesF& veneR
Øesce keâ®Cee Deewj hejeshekeâej meerKelee nw~ Deepe jsueieeÌ[er, ceesšj Deewj nJeeF&
penepe, uecyeer-ÛeewÌ[er meÌ[keWâ Deewj yeÌ[s-yeÌ[s cekeâeve, DeÛÚe Yeespeve Deewj DeÛÚer 2. mebmke=âefle meYÙelee mes Fme ¤he ceW efYevve nw efkeâ mebmke=âefle
heesMeekeWâ, Ùes meYeer meYÙelee keâer henÛeeve nQ~ (a) mecevJeÙehejkeâ nw Deewj meYÙelee efveleevle ceewefuekeâ nesleer nw~
(b) meYÙelee keâer leguevee ceW mLetue Deewj efJeMekeâ nesleer nw~
efpeme osMe ceW Fvekeâer efpeleveer DeefOekeâlee nesleer nw, Gme osMe keâes nce Glevee ner meYÙe (c) Skeâ DeeoMe& efJeOeeve nw Deewj meYÙelee ÙeLeeLe& nesleer nw~
ceeveles nQ, uesefkeâve mebmke=âefle Fve meyemes keâneR DeefOekeâ met#ce Jemleg nw~ Jen ceesšj (d) meYÙelee keâer leguevee DelÙekeâvle met#ce nesleer nw~
veneR, ceesšj yeveeves keâer keâuee nw; cekeâeve veneR, cekeâeve yeveeves keâer ®efÛe nw~ mebmke=âefle
Oeve veneR, iegCe nw~ 3. ceeveJe keâer ceeveJeerÙelee Fme yeele ceW efveefnle nw efkeâ Jen
(a) Deheves ceve mes efJeÅeceeve efJekeâejeW/ogieg&CeeW hej efveÙev$eCe jKeves keâe ØeÙeeme
efJeveÙe Deewj efJeveceülee, mebmke=âefle keâes DeefYeJÙeefkeäle Øeoeve keâjles nQ~ Skeâ keâneJele keâjW~
ØeÛeefuele nw efkeâ meYÙelee Jen Ûeerpe nw, pees nceejs heeme nw, uesefkeâve mebmke=âefle Jen (b) meYÙelee keâer GÛÛelee keâes heeves keâe ØeÙeeme keâjW~
iegCe nw, pees nceceW efÚhee ngDee nw~ nceejs heeme Iej neslee nw, keâheÌ[s nesles nQ, ceiej Ùes (c) Deheveer meYÙelee Deewj mebmke=âefle keâes heeves keâe ØeÙeeme keâjW~
meye Ûeerpes nceejer meYÙelee kesâ Øeleerkeâ nQ, peyeefkeâ mebmke=âefle Fleves mhe<š leewj hej (d) Deheveer mebmke=âefle keâer mece=efæ nsleg ØeÙeeme keâjW~
efoKeeF& veneR osleer, Jen yengle ner met#ce SJeb ceneve Ûeerpe nw, pees nceejer nj hemevo, 4. efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS
nj Deeole ceW efÚheer jnleer nw~ cekeâeve yeveevee meYÙelee keâe keâece nw, uesefkeâve cekeâeve 1. mebmke=âefle Jen Ûeerpe nw, pees nceejs heeme nw, uesefkeâve meYÙelee Jen iegCe nw
keâe keâewve-mee vekeäMee nceW hemevo nw, Ùen nceejer mebmke=âefle yeleueeleer nw~ pees nceejs Devoj (nceceW) efÚhee ngDee nw~
ceveg<Ùe kesâ Devoj keâece, ›eâesOe, ueesYe, ceo, ceesn Deewj celmej Ùes 6 efJekeâej Øeke=âefle 2. ceveg<Ùe kesâ Devoj Øeke=âefle Øeoòe efJekeâejeW keâer mebKÙee 5 nw~
Øeoòe nQ~ ceiej Ùes efJekeâej Deiej yesjeskeâ ÚesÌ[ efoS peeSB, lees Deeoceer Flevee efiej 3. mebmke=âefle keâe mJeYeeJe nw efkeâ Jen Deeoeve-Øeoeve mes ner yeveleer nw~
peeS efkeâ GmeceW Deewj peeveJej ceW keâesF& Yeso veneR jn peeS~ Fve ogie&gCeeW hej pees Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes keâLeve melÙe nw/nQ?
Deeoceer efpelevee pÙeeoe keâeyet keâj heelee nw, Gmekeâer mebmke=âefle Yeer Gleveer ner TBÛeer (a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2
mecePeer peeleer nw~ mebmke=âefle keâe mJeYeeJe nw efkeâ Jen Deeoeve-Øeoeve mes yeÌ{leer nw~ (c) kesâJeue 3 (d) Ùes meYeer
peye oes osMeeW Ùee peeefleÙeeW kesâ ueesie Deeheme ceW efceueles nQ, leye Gve oesveeW keâer 5. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve-mee Skeâ DemelÙe nw?
mebmke=âefleÙeeB Skeâ-otmejs keâes ØeYeeefJele keâjleer nQ~ FmeefueS mebmke=âefle keâer Âef<š mes Jen (a) ceveg<Ùe keâer efJeveÙe Deewj efJeveceülee Gmekeâer mebmke=âefle keâes mhe<š keâjles nQ
peeefle Ùee Jen osMe yengle Oeveer ceevee peelee nw, efpemeves pÙeeoe-mes-pÙeeoe osMeeW Ùee (b) Jem$e, cekeâeve, ieeÌ[er, nJeeF& penepe FlÙeeefo meYÙelee keâer henÛeeve nQ
mebmke=âefleÙeeW mes ueeYe G"ekeâj Deheveer mebmke=âefle keâe efJekeâeme efkeâÙee nes~ (c) heefjÛÚso ceW efoS ieS efJekeâejeW kesâ DeefveÙeefv$ele nesves hej ceveg<Ùe SJeb
peeveJej ceW keâesF& Devlej veneR jn peelee nw
1. efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS
(d) oes Deueie-Deueie mebmke=âefleÙeeW kesâ ueesie peye Deeheme ceW efceueles nQ, lees Jes
1. meYÙelee ceveg<Ùe keâer Deevleefjkeâ lejkeäkeâer keâer metÛekeâ nesleer nw~
oesveeW Deheveer-Deheveer mebmke=âefleÙeeW ceW yevOes nesles nQ leLee oesveeW Skeâ-otmejs
2. mebmke=âefle ceveg<Ùe keâer yee¢e Øeieefle keâes Fbefiele keâjleer nw~ keâer mebmke=âefleÙeeW mes DeØeYeeefJele jnles nQ
3. mebmke=âefle Deewj meYÙelee ceW keâesF& cetueYetle Devlej veneR neslee nw~
{hÝXr 11
~moY 2 2. DevegÛÚso-343 ceW je<š^heefle keâes MeemekeâerÙe keâeÙe& ceW efnvoer Yee<ee keâe ØeÙeesie
DeefOekeâ keâjves kesâ efueS keâne ieÙee nw~
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) veerÛes efoS ieS yeesOe keâes OÙeevehetJe&keâ heÌ{keâj mener Gòej 3. efnvoer Yee<ee kesâ ØeÛeej-Øemeej ceW ieeBOeer peer keâer cenòJehetCe& Yetefcekeâe jner nw~
keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ Ghejeskeäle keâLeveeW ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes keâLeve DemelÙe nw/nQ?
jepeYee<ee keâe DeLe& jepee Ùee jepÙe keâer Yee<ee nw~ Jen Yee<ee efpemeceW Meemekeâ Ùee (a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 1 Deewj 2
Meemeve keâe keâece neslee nw~ je<š^Yee<ee Jen nw, efpemekeâe JÙeJenej je<š^ kesâ meeceevÙe (c) kesâJeue 1 Deewj 3 (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR
peve keâjles nQ~ jepeYee<ee keâe #es$e meerefcele neslee nw~ je<š^Yee<ee mechetCe& osMe keâer
mecheke&â Yee<ee nw~ je<š^Yee<ee kesâ meeLe pevelee keâe YeeJeveelcekeâ ueieeJe neslee nw, ~moY 3
keäÙeeWefkeâ Gmekesâ meeLe pevemeeOeejCe keâer meebmke=âeflekeâ hejchejeSB pegÌ[er jnleer nQ~
jepeYee<ee kesâ Øeefle Jewmee mecceeve nes Yeer mekeâlee nw Deewj veneR Yeer, keäÙeeWefkeâ keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
Jen Deheves osMe keâer Yeer nes mekeâleer nw Deewj iewj osMe mes DeeS Meemekeâ keâer Yeer nes
mekeâleer nw~ Skeâ ueeskeâleeefv$ekeâ meceepe mJelev$eÛeslee JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâe Jen mecetn neslee nw, peneB
ØelÙeskeâ JÙeefkeäle Deheveer mJelev$e meòee jKelee nw~ ceiej Jen efkeâmeer DevÙe keâer
ueeskeâleeefv$ekeâ JÙeJemLee ceW Deepe efnvoer je<š^Yee<ee kesâ ¤he ceW ner efJejeefpele nw~ 14 mJelev$elee ceW Deefle›eâceCe veneR keâjlee~ meyekeâes Deheves meceeve ner ceevelee nw Deewj
efmelecyej, 1949 keâes Yeejle kesâ mebefJeOeeve ceW efnvoer keâes ceevÙelee Øeoeve keâer ieF& nw~ meyekeâer ieefjcee keâe Deeoj keâjlee nw~ Fme Deeoj ceW meYeer keâe Skeâ-otmejs kesâ Øeefle
mebefJeOeeve keâer Oeeje-120 kesâ Devegmeej mebmeo keâe keâeÙe& efnvoer ceW Ùee Deb«espeer ceW Øesce-YeeJe Meeefceue neslee nw~ Ssmee Øesce-YeeJe efpemeceW efkeâmeer otmejs keâes ceve, JeÛeve,
efkeâÙee peelee nw~ Oeeje-210 kesâ Devleie&le jepÙeeW kesâ efJeOeeveceC[ueeW keâe keâeÙe& keâce& mes heerÌ[e hengBÛeeves keâe keâesF& mLeeve veneR neslee nw~
Deheves-Deheves jepÙe keâer jepeYee<ee Ùee efnvoer ceW Ùee Deb«espeer ceW efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw~
DevegÛÚso 343 kesâ Devegmeej mebIe keâer Yee<ee efnvoer Deewj efueefhe osJeveeiejer nesieer~ Fme keäÙee Deepe keâer nceejer efMe#ee ceeveJeerÙe efjMleeW keâe Ùen YeeJe efmeKeeleer nw? meceevelee
Yee<ee kesâ ØeÛeej leLee Øemeej ceW cenelcee ieeBOeer keâe cenòJehetCe& Ùeesieoeve jne nw~ heg®<e Deewj m$eer kesâ yeerÛe, ieesjs Deewj keâeues kesâ yeerÛe, Deueie-Deueie OeceeX keâes
DevegÛÚso 344 ceW je<š^heefle keâes MeemekeâerÙe keâeÙe& ceW efnvoer Yee<ee keâe ØeÙeesie DeefOekeâ ceeveves JeeueeW kesâ yeerÛe efmeKeeves keâer yeele efMe#ee keâer JÙeJemLee keâjves Jeeues pe™j
keâjves kesâ efueS keâne ieÙee nw~ keâjles nQ~ meceepe ceW mechevve Yeer nesles nQ, efJeheâue Yeer, Oeveer Yeer efveOe&ve Yeer~ nwefmeÙele
Jeeues Deewj efheÚÌ[s Yeer nesles nQ~ FmeefueS Fve meyekesâ yeerÛe meceevelee keâe JÙeJenej
1. je<š^Yee<ee kesâ meeLe pevelee keâe YeeJeveelcekeâ ueieeJe neslee nw keäÙeeWefkeâ efmeKeeves keâer Dehes#ee Yeer efMe#ee JÙeJemLee mes ner keâer pee mekeâleer nw~
(a) Fmekeâe #es$e meerefcele neslee nw
(b) Ùen mechetCe& osMe keâer Yee<ee nw efMe#ee mes Ùen Yeer Dehes#ee keâer peeleer nw efkeâ Jen meceepe ceW DeueieeJe keâer YeeJevee keâes
(c) Fmekesâ meeLe pevemeeOeejCe keâer meebmke=âeflekeâ hejchejeSB pegÌ[er jnleer nw eflejesefnle keâjkesâ meye ceW DehevelJe keâe YeeJe hewoe keâjs Deewj Ssmes ceeveJeerÙe efjMleeW keâer
(d) Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâesF& veneR mJemLe Yetefce lewÙeej keâjW, efpemeceW meYeer meceeve ¤he mes Deheves efJekeâeme kesâ DeJemej
2. efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS Øeehle keâj mekeWâ~
1. je<š^Yee<ee kesâ meeLe pevemeeOeejCe keâer meebmke=âeflekeâ hejchejeSB pegÌ[er nesleer nQ~ 1. efvecveefueefKele leLÙeeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS
2. ueeskeâleeefv$ekeâ JÙeJemLee ceW efnvoer Deepe je<š^Yee<ee kesâ ¤he ceW efJejeefpele 1. Skeâ ueeskeâleeefv$ekeâ meceepe ceW ØelÙeskeâ JÙeefkeäle Deheveer mJelev$e meòee
nw~ jKelee nw~
3. 14 efmelecyej, 1956 keâes Yeejle kesâ mebefJeOeeve ceW efnvoer keâes ceevÙelee 2. Skeâ ueeskeâleeefv$ekeâ JÙeefkeäle meyekeâes Deheves meceeve ner mecePelee nw Deewj
Øeoeve keâer ieF&~ meyekeâer ieefjcee keâe mecceeve keâjlee nw~
Ghejeskeäle keâLeveeW ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes keâLeve melÙe nw/nQ? Ghejeskeäle keâLeveeW ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes melÙe nw/nQ?
(a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2 (a) kesâJeue 1 (b) oesveeW 1 Deewj 2
(c) kesâJeue 3 (d) Ùes meYeer (c) kesâJeue 2 (d) Ùee lees 1 Deewj Ùee 2
3. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve-meer Oeeje jepÙe efJeOeeveceC[ueeW kesâ keâeÙe&-keâueehe 2. yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej ueeskeâleebef$ekeâ meceepe ceW ØelÙeskeâ JÙeefkeäle efkeâme Øekeâej keâer
mecyevOeer Yee<ee keâe GuuesKe keâjleer nw? meòee jKelee nw?
(a) Oeeje-344 (b) Oeeje-345 1. mJelev$e meòee 2. hejchejeiele meòee
(c) Oeeje-110 (d) Oeeje-210 3. efJeefJeOe meòee 4. keâefjMeceeF& meòee
(a) kesâJeue 1 (b) 1 leLee 3
4. yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej MeemekeâerÙe keâeÙe& ceW efnvoer Yee<ee keâe ØeÙeesie DeefOekeâ keâjves
(c) 2, 3 leLee 4 (d) Ùes meYeer
kesâ efueS efkeâmes keâne ieÙee nw?
(a) je<š^heefle (b) jepÙeheeue 3. nceW Deheveer mJelev$elee kesâ meeLe-meeLe
(c) ØeOeeveceb$eer (d) Gheje<š^heefle (a) Deheveer ieefjcee keâe Yeer OÙeeve jKevee ÛeeefnS
(b) otmejeW keâer efMe#ee keâer JÙeJemLee Yeer keâjveer ÛeeefnS
5. efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS (c) meYeer keâes ceeveJeerÙe efjMleeW keâe cenòJe yeleevee ÛeeefnS
1. DevegÛÚso-344 kesâ Devegmeej mebIe keâer jepeYee<ee efnvoer leLee efueefhe (d) otmejeW keâer mJelev$elee keâe Deeoj keâjvee ÛeeefnS
osJeveeiejer nesieer~
4. ‘‘ceiej Jen efkeâmeer DevÙe keâer mJelev$e meòee keâe Deefle›eâceCe veneR keâjlee~’’ 4. osMe-Øesce mes keäÙee DeefYeØeeÙe nw?
JeekeäÙe ceW Deefle›eâceCe veneR keâjves mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw? (a) osMe kesâ Øeefle keâesceue YeeJeeW keâe GoÙe
(a) DeJensuevee veneR keâjvee (b) DeefOekeâej veneR ceevevee (b) osMeefnle ceW Me$eg mes mebIe<e&
(c) nmle#eshe veneR keâjvee (d) Dee›eâceCe veneR keâjvee (c) osMe kesâ Øeefle JÙeefkeäle keâe mJeeYeeefJekeâ cecelJe
(d) DeveLekeâ ØeÙelve Éeje osMe keâe efvecee&Ce keâjvee
5. efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS
1. DeueieeJe keâer YeeJevee keâes eflejesefnle keâjkesâ meYeer ceW DehevelJe keâer YeeJevee keâe 5. efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS
efJekeâeme efMe#ee mes ner mecYeJe nw~ 1. Deheves osMe mes hÙeej keâer YeeJevee efmehe&â ceveg<ÙeeW ceW ner heeF& peeleer nw,
2. Skeâ ueeskeâleeefv$ekeâ meceepe mJelev$eÛeslee JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâe Jen mecetn neslee heMeg-heef#eÙeeW ceW veneR~
nw, peneB ØelÙeskeâ JÙeefkeäle Deheveer mJelev$e meòee jKelee nw~ 2. osMe-Øesce kesâ efueS efkeâmeer Deekeâ<e&Ce keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee veneR nesleer nw,
Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes keâLeve DemelÙe nw? yeefukeâ Jen lees Deheveer ceele=Yetefce kesâ Øeefle ceveg<Ùe cee$e keâer mJeeYeeefJekeâ
(a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2 cecelee nw~
(c) kesâJeue 1 Deewj 2 (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâewve-mee keâLeve ieuele nw?
~moY 4 (c) 1 Deewj 2 oesveeW (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR
keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
~moY 5
JeemleJe ceW ùoÙe Jener nw, pees keâesceue YeeJeeW Deewj mJeosMe Øesce mes Deesle-Øeesle nes~ efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) veerÛes efoS ieS yeesOe keâes OÙeevehetJe&keâ heÌ{keâj mener Gòej
ØelÙeskeâ osMeJeemeer keâes Deheves osMe mes Øesce neslee nw, Ûeens Gmekeâe osMe metKee, iece& Ùee keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
oueoueeW mes Ùegkeäle nes~ osMe-Øesce kesâ efueS efkeâmeer Deekeâ<e&Ce keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee veneR meewj Tpee& he=LJeer hej meJe&$e GheueyOe SJeb meyemes DeefOekeâ efJeMJemeveerÙe Tpee& nw,
nesleer, yeefukeâ Jen lees Deheveer Yetefce kesâ Øeefle ceveg<Ùe cee$e keâer mJeeYeeefJekeâ cecelee nw~ hejvleg Fme Tpee& kesâ oesnve keâe keâeÙe& DeYeer yengle heerÚs nw~ Jele&ceeve ceW mechetCe&
ceeveJe ner veneR heMeg-heef#eÙeeW lekeâ keâes Dehevee osMe hÙeeje neslee nw~ mevOÙee kesâ meceÙe efJeMJe GvneR Tpee& m$eesleeW keâe GheÙeesie keâjves ceW mebueive nw, efpevekeâe oesyeeje ØeÙeesie
he#eer Deheves veerÌ[ keâer Deesj GÌ[s Ûeues peeles nQ~ osMe-Øesce keâe Debkegâj meYeer ceW veneR efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw, DeLee&led Tpee& kesâ Ssmes meÇesle pees meceehÙe nQ;
efJeÅeceeve nw~ kegâÚ ueesie mecePeles nQ efkeâ ceele=Yetefce kesâ veejs ueieeves mes ner osMe-Øesce pewmes—keâesÙeuee, hesšêsefueÙece Je Øeeke=âeflekeâ iewme Deeefo, hejvleg kegâÚ meÇesle
JÙekeäle neslee nw~ veJeerkeâjCeerÙe ÙeesiÙe nesles nQ; pewmes—meewj Tpee&, peue Tpee&, heJeve Tpee&, yeeÙees
iewme, Yet-leehe Deeefo~ Tpee& keâer ueieeleej yeÌ{leer ceeBie Deewj efJeMJe ceW 1973 ceW
efove-Yej Jes lÙeeie, yeefueoeve Deewj Jeerjlee keâer keâLee megveeles veneR Lekeâles, uesefkeâve
Glhevve Tpee& mebkeâš SJeb veJeerkeâjCeerÙe ÙeesiÙe Tpee& mebkeâš keâe OÙeeve jKeles ngS,
hejer#ee keâer IeÌ[er Deeves hej Yeeie KeÌ[s nesles nQ~ Ssmes ueesie mJeeLe& lÙeeiekeâj, peeve
Fve veJeerkeâjCeerÙe Tpee& meÇesleeW keâe efJekeâeme SJeb oesnve hejce DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~
peesefKece ceW [euekeâj osMe keâer mesJee keäÙee keâjWieW? Deepe Ssmes ueesieeW keâer
DeeJeMÙekeâlee veneR nw~ meeceevÙele: Tpee& kesâ meÇesleeW keâes oes YeeieeW ceW efJeYeeefpele efkeâÙee peelee
nw—hejchejeiele SJeb iewj-hejchejeiele~ hejchejeiele meÇesle Gmes keânles nQ, efpevekeâer
1. efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS GheueyOelee meerefcele nw leLee Fvekeâe hegve: GheÙeesie nsleg veJeervekeâjCe Yeer veneR efkeâÙee
1. ùoÙe JeemleJe ceW Gmes keâne pee mekeâlee nw, pees keâesceue YeeJeeW SJeb pee mekeâlee nw~ Jele&ceeve ceW efJeMJe keâer kegâue Tpee& ceeBie keâe 58% Yeeie hejchejeiele
mJeosMe Øesce keâer YeeJevee mes Ùegkeäle nes~ Tpee& meÇesle kesâ ceeOÙece mes hetje efkeâÙee peelee nw~ ØecegKe hejchejeiele Tpee& meÇesle
2. Yeewieesefuekeâ heefjefmLeefleÙeeB Ûeens pewmeer Yeer neW, uesefkeâve ueesieeW keâe Deheves nw—peerJeeMce FËOeve (keâesÙeuee, hesšêsefueÙece Je Øeeke=âeflekeâ iewme), veeefYekeâerÙe Tpee&
osMe kesâ Øeefle Skeâ DeodYegle ueieeJe neslee nw~ Deeefo~ peue Tpee& Yeer Skeâ hejchejeiele Tpee& meÇesle nw, efpemekeâe hegve: ØeÙeesie Yeer
3. osMe Øesce kesâ efueS efkeâmeer ve efkeâmeer Deekeâ<e&Ce keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nesleer nw~
efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw, peyeefkeâ iewj hejchejeiele meÇesle Jen meÇesle nw, efpemekeâe hegve:
Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes keâLeve melÙe nw/nQ? ØeÙeesie nsleg veJeerveerkeâjCe Yeer efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw, Fve meÇesleeW mes Tpee& Øeeefhle keâer
(a) 1 Deewj 2 (b) 2 Deewj 3 ØeewÅeesefiekeâer Dehes#eeke=âle cenBieer nw~ Jele&ceeve ceW efJeMJe kesâ kegâue Tpee& Glheeove keâe
(c) 1 Deewj 3 (d) Ùes meYeer
cee$e-2% iewj-hejchejeiele meÇesleeW mes hetje neslee nw~ ØecegKe iewj hejchejeiele Tpee&
2. yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej osMe Øesce efkeâmeceW efJeÅeceeve neslee nw? meÇesle nQ—meewj Tpee&, heJeve Tpee&, ueIeg heve efyepeueer, yeeÙees iewme, mecegõ hej
(a) ceeveJe (b) heMeg-he#eer DeeOeeefjle Tpee& (pJeejerÙe Tpee&, lejbie Tpee& leLee mecegõer leeheerÙe Tpee&)
(c) (a) leLee (b) (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR Yet-leeheerÙe Tpee& Deeefo~
3. Jener osMe ceneve nw peneB kesâ ueesie 1. efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes mener nw/nQ?
(a) yesjespeieej leLee efveOe&ve veneR nQ~ (a) heJeve Tpee& he=LJeer hej meJe&$e GheueyOe meJee&efOekeâ efJeMJemeveerÙe Tpee& nw
(b) ke=âef<e Deewj JÙeeheej mes Oeveefpe&le keâjles nQ~ (b) keâesÙeuee, hesšêsefueÙece Deeefo Tpee& kesâ iewj-hejchejeiele meÇesle nQ
(c) lÙeeie Deewj yeefueoeve ceW meowJe De«eCeer jnles nQ~ (c) Øeeke=âeflekeâ iewme veJeerkeâjCeerÙe Tpee& keâe meÇesle nw
(d) efMeef#ele Deewj ØeefMeef#ele nQ~ (d) Yet-leeheerÙe Tpee& veJeerkeâjCeerÙe Tpee& meÇesle nw
{hÝXr 13
2. efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS Fme ÛeÛee& ves meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee ÙeespeveeDeeW kesâ efvepeer ØeyevOeve kesâ efJejesOe ceW
1. ueieeleej yeÌ{ jner Tpee& keâer ceeBie Deewj 1973 ceW Glhevve Tpee& mebkeâš meeJe&peefvekeâ ØeyevOeve keâe leke&â Øemlegle efkeâÙee~ oesveeW he#eeW mes keâeheâer cepeyetle leke&â
keâes OÙeeve ceW jKeles ngS veJeerkeâjCeerÙe Tpee& meÇesleeW keâe efJekeâeme SJeb efoS ieS nQ, efheâj Yeer keâesF& Skeâ Ssmee Keekeâe leÙe veneR nes heeÙee, efpemes meeJe&ef$ekeâ
oesnve hejceeJeMÙekeâ nw~ ¤he mes mJeerkeâej efkeâÙee peeS~ ØelÙeskeâ osMe keâes Deheveer je<šêrÙe heefjefmLeefleÙeeW kesâ
2. hejchejeiele Tpee& meÇesle ceW Tpee& yengleeÙele cee$ee ceW GheueyOe nesleer nw mevoYe& ceW GheÙegkeäle cee@[ue mJeerkeâej keâjvee heÌ[siee~ YeejleerÙe mevoYe& ceW efvepeer
leLee Fmekeâe hegve: GheÙeesie nsleg veJeerveerkeâjCe Yeer efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw~ ØeyevOeve kesâ DeOeerve Ûeueves Jeeueer Ùeespevee meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee Øeoeve keâjves keâe
3. Jele&ceeve ceW efJeMJe keâer kegâue Tpee& Kehele keâe 75% Yeeie iewj-hejchejeiele ØeeLeefcekeâ peefjÙee veneR nes mekeâleeR~ Fmes Skeâ hetjkeâ Ùeespevee kesâ leewj hej efueÙee pee
Tpee& meÇesleeW kesâ ceeOÙece mes hetje efkeâÙee peelee nw~ mekeâlee nw Ùee otmeje mlecYe keâne pee mekeâlee nw, pees henues mlecYe keâer ÙeespeveeDeeW
4. keâesÙeuee, hesšêsefueÙece, Øeeke=âeflekeâ iewme leLee veeefYekeâerÙe Tpee& Deeefo ØecegKe
keâes menÙeesie Øeoeve keâjW~ keâeceieejeW keâer Skeâ yeÌ[er pevemebKÙee keâes keâesF& meeceeefpekeâ
hejchejeiele Tpee& meÇesle nQ~
megj#ee GheueyOe ve nesveW keâer efmLeefle ceW Yeejle ceW Fmeer jemles Deeies yeÌ{vee heÌ[siee~
Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes keâLeve DemelÙe nw/nQ?
(a) 1 Deewj 2 (b) 2 Deewj 3
meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee ØeeJeOeeveeW kesâ Øemeej #es$e ceW efJeefYevve JeieeX kesâ yeerÛe keâer KeeF& keâes
(c) 1, 2 Deewj 3 (d) Ùes meYeer heešves keâe lejerkeâe oes mlejeW hej efJekeâefmele keâjvee nesiee~ ØeLece mlej hej mebieef"le
#es$e ceW efJeÅeceeve DekegâMeuelee, yeskeâej nes Ûegkesâ ØeeJeOeeveeW keâes nševes Deewj
3. yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej efkeâmekeâe hegve: ØeÙeesie nsleg veJeerveerkeâjCe efkeâÙee pee ueeYeeefLe&ÙeeW keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee Deewj GcceeroeW hej meceÙe kesâ meeLe yesnlej mesJee Øeoeve
mekeâlee nw?
keâjves kesâ efueS Jele&ceeve meebmLeeefvekeâ JÙeJemLee keâes hegveefJe&vÙeeefmele keâjvee nesiee~ Ùen
1. meewj Gâpee& 2. heJeve Gâpee&
hetjer Øeef›eâÙee pewmes efkeâ Yeeieeroejer, DeefYeuesKe JÙeJemLeeheve Deewj ueeYe kesâ efJelejCe ceW
3. hesšêsefueÙece 4. yeeÙeesiewme 5. Øeeke=âeflekeâ iewme
yeÌ[s yeoueeJe ueekeâj Deewj hegveDe&efYeÙev$eCe keâes meceeefJe<š keâj Øeehle efkeâÙee pee
ketâš mekeâlee nw~ GheueyOe veF& metÛeveeDeeW Deewj mebÛeej lekeâveerkeâeW keâes meceeJesefMele keâj
(a) 1, 2 leLee 5 (b) 1, 2 leLee 4
keâeÙe&keâjCe #ecelee Deewj keâeÙe&mecheeove keâes megOeeje Deewj hegvepeeaefJele efkeâÙee pee
(c) 1, 3, 4 leLee 5 (d) 1 leLee 2
mekeâlee nw~
4. efvecveefueefKele keâLeveeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS 1. Yeejle ceW keâecekeâepeer Jeie& keâer meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee Øeoeve keâjves kesâ mevoYe& ceW
1. Jele&ceeve ceW efJeMJe kesâ kegâue Tpee& Glheeove keâe 5% iewj-hejchejeiele efvecveefueefKele ceevÙeleeDeeW hej efJeÛeej keâerefpeS
Tpee& meÇesleeW mes hetje neslee nw~
1. efvepeer ØeyevOeve kesâ Devleie&le Ûeue jner meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee ÙeespeveeSB osMe
2. efJeMJe keâer kegâue Tpee& Kehele keâe 98% Yeeie hejchejeiele Tpee& meÇesle kesâ
ceW Fme efoMee ceW Skeâ lJejCe Øeoeve keâj mekeâleer nw~
ceeOÙece mes hetje efkeâÙee peelee nw~ 2. meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee kesâ #es$e ceW Deeves Jeeueer mecemÙeeSB efJekeâefmele Deewj
3. mecegõ DeeOeeefjle Tpee& (pJeejerÙe Tpee&, lejbie Tpee& leLee mecegõ leeheerÙe efJekeâemeMeerue oesveeW ner osMeeW ceW Skeâ pewmeer nQ~
Tpee&) iewj-hejchejeiele Tpee& meÇesle nw~
Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâewve-meer ceevÙelee/ceevÙeleeSB mener nw/nQ?
Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâewve-mee/mes keâLeve DemelÙe nw/nQ? (a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2
(a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2 Deewj 3
(c) 1 Deewj 2 oesveeW (d) ve lees 1 Deewj ve ner 2
(c) kesâJeue 1 Deewj 3 (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
2. efoS ieS heefjÛÚso ceW ‘keâesF& meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee GheueyOe ve nesves keâer efmLeefle’
5. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve-mee DemelÙe nw/nQ? mes uesKekeâ keâe keäÙee DeeMeÙe nw?
(a) keâesÙeuee, hesšêsefueÙece leLee Øeeke=âeflekeâ iewme meceehÙe Tpee& meÇesle nQ
1. meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee ÙeespeveeDeeW kesâ efueS GheueyOe keâes<e meehes#ele:
(b) yeeÙees-iewme, Yet-leehe Deeefo veJeerkeâjCeerÙe Tpee& meÇesle nQ meerefcele nw~
(c) Tpee& meÇesleeW keâes veJeerkeâjCeerÙe SJeb iewj-hejchejeiele meÇesleeW ceW efJeYeeefpele 2. mejkeâej ßeefcekeâeW kesâ Skeâ yeÌ[s mecegoeÙe keâes meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee Øeoeve
efkeâÙee peelee nw veneR keâjleer nw~
(d) peue Tpee& Yeer Skeâ hejchejeiele Tpee& meÇesle nw, efpemekeâe hegve: ØeÙeesie
ketâš
Yeer efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw
(c) 1 Deewj 2 oesveeW (d) ve lees 1 Deewj ve ner 2
~moY 6
3. uesKekeâ kesâ Devegmeej keäÙeeW DeeOeejYetle heefjJele&veeW kesâ mevoYe& ceW keâecekeâepeer
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-4) efvecveefueefKele yeesOe keâes OÙeevehetJe&keâ heÌ{keâj veerÛes efoS ieS
ØeMveeW kesâ mener Gòej oerefpeS~ Jeie& keâer keâef"veeFÙeeW keâes keâce keâjves kesâ efueS Skeâ heÙee&hle Øeefleef›eâÙee ØeCeeueer
keâe efJekeâeme Deewj ef›eâÙeevJeÙeve meJeexÛÛe je<šêrÙe ØeeLeefcekeâlee nw?
DeeOeejYetle heefjJele&veeW kesâ mevoYe& ceW keâecekeâepeer Jeie& keâer keâef"veeFÙeeW keâes keâce
1. Ùen Jele&ceeve meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee ÙeespeveeDeeW keâes DeeOeej osves ceW ceoo
keâjves kesâ efueS Skeâ Øeefleef›eâÙee ØeCeeueer keâe efJekeâeme Deewj ef›eâÙeevJeÙeve meJeexÛÛe
keâjsiee~
je<šêrÙe ØeeLeefcekeâlee nw~ Jele&ceeve ceW meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee veerefleÙeeW kesâ efvecee&lee Deewj
2. Fmekeâe heefjCeece menÙeesie kesâ meb«enCe ceW yesnlej ØeyevOeve kesâ ¤he ceW
ØeMeemekeâ, efJekeâefmele Deewj efJekeâemeMeerue oesveeW osMeeW keâer Ssmeer ner mecemÙee keâes
meguePeeves keâer efJeMJemlejerÙe ÛeÛee& ceW JÙemle nQ~ nesiee~
ketâš 4. yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej, ueesieeW keâes ‘mebmeej keâer mecYeeJeveeDeeW’ kesâ yeejs ceW efmehe&â
(a) kesâJeue 1 (b) kesâJeue 2 efkeâmekesâ ceeOÙece mes peevekeâejer efceue mekeâleer nw?
(c) 1 Deewj 2 oesveeW (d) ve lees 1 Deewj ve ner 2 (a) meeefnlÙe (b) Fefleneme
4. efoS ieS heefjÛÚso ceW ‘keâJejspe iewhe’ mes uesKekeâ keâe keäÙee DeeMeÙe nw? (c) keâuhevee-Meefkeäle (d) mebieerle
1. meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee ÙeespeveeDeeW keâe ueeYe uesves Jeeues efvepeer SJeb meeJe&peefvekeâ 5. yeesOe ceW uesKekeâ efkeâme yeele keâes ueskeâj DeeMeeefvJele nw?
#es$e kesâ keâeceieejeW kesâ yeerÛe efJeYeso~ (a) efMe#eCe ceW GheÙeesefieleeJeeoer leòJe
2. meeceeefpekeâ megj#ee ÙeespeveeDeeW keâe ueeYe Øeehle keâeceieejeW Deewj Fmekesâ (b) efMe#eCe ceW keâuhevee-Meefkeäle keâer Yetefcekeâe ceW Üeme
Devleie&le ve Deeves Jeeues keâeceieejeW kesâ yeerÛe efJeYeso~ (c) ØeÙeesieMeeueeDeeW ceW ceveesefJe%eeve keâer Yetefcekeâe
(d) mebmLeeveeW ceW ceveesefJe%eeve kesâ ØeYeeJe ceW DeefYeJe=efæ
ketâš
(c) 1 Deewj 2 oesveeW (d) ve lees 1 Deewj ve ner 2 ~moY 8
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) efvecveefueefKele yeesOe keâes heÌ{keâj mecyeefvOele ØeMveeW kesâ Gòej
~moY 7 oerefpeS~
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) efvecveefueefKele yeesOe keâes heÌ{keâj mecyeefvOele ØeMveeW kesâ Gòej mecemle keâueeSB mJe™he Deewj efJe<eÙe-Jemleg keâe efceßeCe nesleer nQ Deewj Fve oesveeW mes
oerefpeS~ mecyeefvOele keâefleheÙe Glke=â<šleeDeeW kesâ ceeOÙece mes keâueekeâej nceejs Yeerlej
ceQ Ùen veneR keânvee Ûeenlee efkeâ efMe#eCe ceW ceeveJeleeJeeoer leòJe GheÙeesefieleeJeeoer keâueelcekeâ Âef<škeâesCe efJekeâefmele keâjves ceW meheâue nesles nQ~ GoenjCe kesâ efueS
leòJeeW mes keâce cenòJehetCe& nQ~ keâuhevee-Meefkeäle kesâ mechetCe& efJekeâeme kesâ efueS LeesÌ[e keâefJelee ceW efJe<eÙe-Jemleg keâer efvee|ceefle Deeuebkeâeefjkeâ efJeÛeejeW Deewj Fmekesâ ceeOÙece mes
yengle ceneved meeefnlÙe, LeesÌ[e-yengle JewefMJekeâ Fefleneme Deewj LeesÌ[e yengle mebieerle, JÙekeäle mebJesoveeDeeW mes nesleer nw Deewj mJe™he efveOee&jCe keâer DeefYeJÙeefkeäle kesâ efueS
efÛe$ekeâuee SJeb Jeemlegkeâuee keâe %eeve DeefveJeeÙe& nw~ efmehe&â keâuhevee-Meefkeäle kesâ ceeOÙece FmeceW ØeÙegkeäle mebieerleceÙe Yee<ee nw, FveceW mes Skeâ keâuee mes otmejer keâuee kesâ mJe™he
mes ner ceveg<ÙeeW keâes mebmeej keâer efJeefJeOe mecYeeJeveeDeeW kesâ yeejs ceW helee Ûeuee~ Fmekesâ ceW keâeheâer yeoueeJe neslee nw Deewj Ùen lekeâveerkeâer Yeer neslee nw~ nce ÙeneB Fmekeâer
yeiewj ‘Øeieefle’ Ùeeefv$ekeâ Deewj KeesKeueer yeve peeSieer, uesefkeâve efJe%eeve Yeer keâuhevee pÙeeoe ÛeÛee& veneR keâjWies Deewj efJe<eÙe-Jemleg hej ner Dehevee OÙeeve kesâefvõle jKeWies~
keâes Øesefjle keâj mekeâlee nw~ nce efmehe&â Fme yeele keâes OÙeeve ceW jKeWies efkeâ mJe™he Jemlegle: efJe<eÙe-Jemleg keâer
ceveesefJe%eeve, yengle neue kesâ Je<eeX lekeâ, cenpe Dekeâeoefcekeâ DeOÙeÙeve keâe Skeâ Dehesef#ele Yetefcekeâe ceW ner neslee nw Deewj Ùeefo Fmekeâer Yetefcekeâe pÙeeoe ØeYeeJeer nes, lees
efJe<eÙe ngDee keâjlee Lee Deewj JÙeeJeneefjkeâ keâeÙeeX ceW Fmekeâer GheÙeesefielee heÙee&hle keâce mecyeefvOele ke=âefle keâes Glke=â<š keâuee Øekeâejlee keâe GoenjCe veneR keâne pee mekeâlee~
Leer~ Deye Ùen meye yeoue Ûegkeâe nw~ GoenjCemJe™he Deye nceejs heeme DeewÅeesefiekeâ keâuee keâer efJe<eÙe-Jemleg keâes meeceevÙele: Fmekesâ Éeje DeefYeJÙekeäle DeefYeØeeÙe kesâ
ceveesefJe%eeve nw, vewoeefvekeâ ceveesefJe%eeve nw, Mew#eefCekeâ ceveesefJe%eeve nw Deewj Fve meyekeâe mevoYe& ceW heefjYeeef<ele efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw~ FmeceW Deveskeâ Glke=â<šleeSB meefvveefnle nes
heÙee&hle JÙeeJeneefjkeâ cenòJe nw~ nce Ùen DeeMee Deewj Dehes#ee keâj mekeâles nQ efkeâ mekeâleer nQ Deewj GvnW efJeefJeOe Øekeâej mes Jeieeake=âle Yeer efkeâÙee ieÙee nw~
efvekeâš YeefJe<Ùe ceW nceejs mebmLeeveeW ceW ceveesefJe%eeve keâe ØeYeeJe lespeer mes yeÌ{siee~ efMe#ee 1. mJe™he keâer JeemleefJekeâ Yetefcekeâe keäÙee nw?
kesâ #es$e ceW lees Fmekeâe henues mes ner efnlekeâejer Deewj DeÛÚe ØeYeeJe jne nw~ (a) efJe<eÙe-Jemleg efJeheÙe&Ùe
1. yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej, Ùeefo keâuhevee-Meefkeäle keâe mechetCe& efJekeâeme keâjvee nw, lees (b) efJe<eÙe-Jemleg keâer DemJeerke=âefle
(c) efJe<eÙe-Jemleg ceW meneÙekeâ nesvee
efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâmekeâe LeesÌ[e-yengle %eeve nesvee ÛeeefnS? (d) efJe<eÙe-Jemleg keâes meceeefnle keâj uesvee
1. meeefnlÙe 2. efJeMJe Fefleneme
3. mebieerle 4. jepeveerefle 2. yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej, keâefJelee keâer efJe<eÙe-Jemleg ceW keäÙee meefvveefnle nw?
efvecveefueefKele ceW mes mener efJekeâuhe ÛegveW 1. Deeuebkeâeefjkeâ efJeÛeej 2. mebieerleceÙe Yee<ee
(a) kesâJeue 1 Deewj 2 mener nQ 3. DeefYeJÙekeäle mebJesoveeSB
(b) kesâJeue 1 Deewj 3 mener nQ ketâš
(c) kesâJeue 1, 2 Deewj 4 mener nQ (a) 1 Deewj 2 (b) 1 Deewj 3
(d) kesâJeue 1, 2 Deewj 3 mener nQ (c) 2 Deewj 3 (d) kesâJeue 2
2. yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej, keâuhevee-Meefkeäle kesâ DeYeeJe ceW ‘Øeieefle’ keäÙee nes peeSieer? 3. yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej, keâefJelee kesâ mJe™he kesâ yeejs ceW efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve
(a) ceeveJeleeJeeoer (b) Ùeeefv$ekeâ mener nw?
(c) me=peveelcekeâ (d) ÙeLeeLe&hejkeâ 1. Skeâ keâuee mes otmejer keâuee ceW mJe™he veneR yeouelee nw~
2. Fmekeâe mJe™he lekeâveerkeâer nw~
3. yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej, yengle neue kesâ Je<eeX lekeâ ceveesefJe%eeve keâe/keâer yengle ner
3. mJe™he Deebuekeâeefjkeâ neslee nw~
keâce .......... 4. mJe™he mebieerleceÙe Yee<ee keâer jÛevee keâjlee nw~
(a) Dekeâeoefcekeâ GvcegKeerkeâjCe Lee ketâš
(b) Dekeâeoefcekeâ DevegØeÙeesie Lee (a) 1 Deewj 2 (b) 2 Deewj 4
(c) JÙeeJeneefjkeâ GheÙeesefielee Leer (c) 2, 3 Deewj 4 (d) 1, 3 Deewj 4
(d) keâuhevee-Meefkeäle kesâ efueS GheÙeesefielee Leer
{hÝXr 15
4. yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej, efkeâme Øekeâej keâer keâuee meJeexòece Øekeâejlee keâe GoenjCe nw? nceW mcejCe jKevee ÛeeefnS efkeâ mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle pevemecheke&â DeefYeÙeeve veneR nw,
(a) Jen efpemeceW efJe<eÙe-Jemleg keâes pÙeeoe cenòJe efoÙee peelee nw yeefukeâ Fmekeâe ØeÙeespeve mejkeâejer veerefleÙeeW kesâ efueS meceLe&keâejer JeeleeJejCe keâe
(b) Jen efpemeceW mJe™he keâes pÙeeoe cenòJe efoÙee peelee nw efvecee&Ce keâjvee nw~
(c) Jen efpemeceW mJe™he, efJe<eÙe-Jemleg kesâ efueS meneÙekeâ neslee nw
(d) Jen efpemeceW efJe<eÙe-Jemleg mJe™he kesâ efueS meneÙekeâ nesleer nw 1. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâme ØeÙeespeveeLe& efkeâmeer osMe kesâ meeLe ØelÙe#e mecyevOe
DeeJeMÙekeâ nw?
5. keâuee keâer efJe<eÙe-Jemleg keâes heefjÛÚso ceW efkeâme Øekeâej heefjYeeef<ele efkeâÙee (a) efveefnle mJeeLe& efnle meeOeve kesâ efueS
ieÙee nw? (b) cenòJehetCe& efve¤hekeâeW keâes Gpeeiej keâjves kesâ efueS
(a) Fmekesâ Éeje Øeoe|Mele mJe™he kesâ leewj hej (c) ØeefleefveOÙeelcekeâ cetuÙe keâes yeÌ{eJee osves kesâ efueS
(b) Fmekesâ Éeje ØeÙegkeäle Yee<ee kesâ leewj hej (d) mebÛeej kesâ meÇesle keâes ØeYeeefJele keâjves kesâ efueS
(c) FmeceW meceeefnle DeLe& kesâ leewj hej
(d) Fmekesâ Éeje DeefYeJÙekeäle DeefYeØeeÙe kesâ leewj hej 2. efkeâve keâejkeâeW mes efkeâmeer je<š^ keâer henÛeeve ØeYeeefJele nesleer nw?
(a) efJeefYevve efJeÛeej
(b) jepeveereflekeâ, meeceeefpekeâ, Deee|Lekeâ Deewj meebmke=âeflekeâ
~moY 9 (c) efJeosMeer ßeesleeieCe
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) efvecveefueefKele yeesOe keâes heÌ{keâj mecyeefvOele ØeMveeW kesâ Gòej (d) je<šêrÙe Deefmcelee
oerefpeS~ 3. mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle kesâ GodosMÙe keâes henÛeeefveS
‘mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle’ heo mes efJeefJeOe efJeÛeej Deewj Âef<škeâesCe heefjueef#ele nesles nQ (a) je<š^ keâes ØeYeeefJele keâjvee
Deewj Fme Øekeâej FmeceW efJeefMe<š, megmLeeefhele DeJeOeejCee meefvveefnle veneR nw~ leLeeefhe (b) pevelee kesâ meeLe ØelÙe#e mebJeeo
mejue MeyoeW ceW, mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle mes efJeosMeer ßeesleeDeeW hej je<š^ keâe ØeYeeJe (c) je<šêrÙe ßeJeCe keâer DeJeOeejCee keâe efvecee&Ce keâjvee
DeefYeØesle nw~ mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle keâer heefjYee<ee ‘efJeosMeer JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ efÛevleve (d) efJeosMeer mejkeâejeW keâer meesÛe keâes ØeYeeefJele keâjvee
Deewj DevleleesielJee Gvekeâer mejkeâejeW keâes ØeYeeefJele keâjves kesâ GodosMÙe’ mes Gvekesâ 4. Fme yeesOe mes keäÙee efve<keâ<e& efvekeâuelee nw?
meeLe ØelÙe#e mebJeeo kesâ ™he ceW Yeer oer pee mekeâleer nw~ 1. mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle DevÙe osMeeW kesâ meeLe DeØelÙe#e mecyevOe kesâ efveefceòe
Dele: mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle keâes efkeâmeer je<š^ Éeje DevÙe osMeeW keâer yeele megveves Deewj veneR nw~
Gvekeâer DeeJeMÙekeâleeDeeW keâes mecePeves Deewj Deblele: mecyevOe mLeeefhele keâjves kesâ 2. mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle mes DevÙe osMeeW kesâ meeLe mecyevOe keâe efvecee&Ce neslee nw~
GodosMÙe mes Deheves efJeÛeej mecØesef<ele keâjves keâer Øeef›eâÙee kesâ ™he ceW Yeer mecePee pee 3. efkeâmeer Yeer Jeelee& keâes peejer jKeves kesâ efueS vÙeeme Dehesef#ele nw~
mekeâlee nw~ mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle efkeâmeer Yeer je<š^ keâer Deefmcelee Deewj henÛeeve hej 4. jCeveereflekeâ mebÛeej keâewMeue mes DevÙe osMeeW keâer DeefOeceevÙelee keâes mJe™he
DeeOeeefjle nesleer nw, pees yengle-mes keâejkeâeW DeLee&led jepeveereflekeâ, meeceeefpekeâ, Øeoeve keâjves ceW ceoo efceuesieer~
Deee|Lekeâ Deewj meebmke=âeflekeâ IeškeâeW mes ØeYeeefJele neslee nw~ 5. mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle ueeskeâ mecyevOe veneR nw~
6. ce=og Meefkeäle keâe ØeÙeesie JewefMJekeâ ceeceueeW ceW Yetefcekeâe kesâ efveefceòe veneR nw~
yeeleÛeerle Meg™ keâjves, mebJeeo keâes peejer jKeves Deewj mecyevOe yeveeves kesâ efueS ketâš
efJeMJeeme keâes Skeâ DeefveJeeÙe& keâejkeâ kesâ ™he ceW Gpeeiej efkeâÙee ieÙee nw~ (a) 1, 2, 3 Deewj 4 (b) 2, 4, 5 Deewj 6
mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle keâer heefjYee<ee ceW mecyevOe efJekeâefmele keâjves hej yeue efoS peeves (c) 1, 4, 5 Deewj 6 (d) 2, 3, 4 Deewj 5
keâes Yeer Ssmeer Øeef›eâÙee kesâ ™he ceW efve™efhele efkeâÙee ieÙee nw, efpememes osMe keâer pevelee 5. peejer mebÛeej Øeef›eâÙee kesâ HeâuemJe™he
kesâ meeLe ØelÙe#e mecyevOeeW keâe DevegmejCe efkeâÙee peelee nw, leeefkeâ efpeve JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâe (a) ueeYekeâejer ce=og Meefkeäle Glhevve nesieer
ØeefleefveefOelJe efkeâÙee pee jne nw, Gvekesâ efnleeW Deewj cetuÙeeW keâes yeÌ{eJee efoÙee pee (b) DevÙe osMeeW kesâ Øeefle mejenvee keâe YeeJe Glhevve nesiee
mekesâ~ Fme yeele keâes Yeer Gpeeiej efkeâÙee ieÙee nw efkeâ mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle ceW mecyevOeeW (c) efJeosMeer ßeeslee mecetn keâe efvecee&Ce nesiee
keâes efJekeâefmele keâjves kesâ efueS mecheke&â Deewj mebJeeo cenòJehetCe& efve™hekeâ nQ~ (d) DevÙe osMeeW hej meebmke=âeflekeâ cetuÙeeW keâe DeOÙeejesheCe nesiee
‘‘ØeYeeJeer mejkeâejer ketâšveerefle Skeâ GYeÙeefoMeerÙe ceeie& nw, efpemeceW meÇesle Deewj peejer
mebÛeej Øeef›eâÙee ceW Meeefceue Øeehlekeâlee& oesveeW hej hejmhej ØeYeeJe heÌ[lee nw~’’ peejer ~moY 10
mebJeeo keâer Øeef›eâÙee kesâ HeâuemJe™he efJeosMeer ßeesleeieCe kesâ meeLe efÛejkeâeefuekeâ efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) efvecveefueefKele yeesOe keâes heÌ{keâj mecyeefvOele ØeMveeW kesâ Gòej
mecyevOe mLeeefhele nes heelee nw, efpememes je<šêW keâes ce=og Meefkeäle Øeehle nesleer nw~ oerefpeS~
ce=og Meefkeäle JewefMJekeâ ceeceueeW ceW ueeYekeâejer nesleer nw, efpememes efJeMJe kesâ DevÙe efnmmes Ùeefo Yeejle keâes Deheveer Deevleefjkeâ MeeqkeäleÙeeB efJekeâefmele keâjveer nQ, lees Gmekeâes leerve
ceW ØeMebmee Deewj mecceeve keâe YeeJe Glhevve neslee nw~ ieefleMeerue DeeÙeeceeW–pevelee, meJeeËieerCe DeLe&JÙeJemLee Deewj meeceefjkeâ efnleeW keâes
efkeâmeer osMe keâer ce=og Meefkeäle leerve keâejkeâeW–Fmekeâer mebmke=âefle, jepeveereflekeâ cetuÙe Deewj OÙeeve ceW jKeles ngS øeewÅeesefiekeâerÙe DeJeMÙekeâjCeerÙeleeDeeW hej OÙeeve kesâeqvõle keâjvee
efJeosMeer veerefleÙeeW mes heefjYeeef<ele nesleer nw~ Ùes meYeer keâejkeâ cegKÙele: jCeveereflekeâ nesiee~ Ùes øeewÅeesefiekeâerÙe DeJeMÙekeâjCeerÙeleeSB Skeâ ‘ÛeewLes DeeÙeece’, meceÙe, hej Yeer
mebÛeej keâewMeue keâe GheÙeesie keâjles ngS DevÙe osMeeW keâer DeefOeceevÙelee keâes mJe™he OÙeeve jKeleer nQ, pees JÙeJemeeÙe, JÙeeheej SJeb øeewÅeesefiekeâer keâer DeeOegevf ekeâ ieefleMeeruelee
Øeoeve keâjves ceW Fmekeâer DeefYeÙeesiÙelee hej DeeOeeefjle nQ~ mes efve:me=le nw Deewj pees efvejvlej yeoueles ue#ÙeeW keâer Deesj De«emej keâjlee nw~
nceeje Ùen ceevevee nw efkeâ Fme ÛeewLes DeeÙeece kesâ mevoYe& ceW pevelee keâer Deekeâeb#eeDeeW ceW 3. Ghejeskeäle yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve ÛeewLes DeeÙeece keâes Fbefiele
efvejvlej nes jns heefjJele&ve, JeweqMJekeâ mevoYe& ceW DeLe&JÙeJemLee leLee meeceefjkeâ cenòJe keâjlee nw?
Jeeues efnle kesâ heefjøes#Ùe ceW øeewÅeesefiekeâerÙe MeeqkeäleÙeeB efJeMes<e ™he mes cenòJehetCe& nQ~ 1. peve-Deekeâeb#eeSB 2. DeeOegefvekeâ ieefleMeeruelee
3. JeweqMJekeâ heefjøes#Ùe ceW DeLe&JÙeJemLee
ceeveJe Fefleneme kesâ cetue ceW øeewÅeesefiekeâer efJekeâeme meceeÙee jnlee nw Deewj Fmekeâe
4. meeceefjkeâ efnle
GheÙeesie yeÌ{leer øeeflemheæe& Jeeues yeepeej ceW øeewÅeesefiekeâer MeeqkeäleÙeeB DeefOekeâ Glheeokeâ ketâš
jespeieej hewoe keâjves leLee ceeveJe-keâewMeueeW keâes DeÅeleve yeveeS jKeves keâer Âeq<š mes (a) 1, 3 Deewj 4 (b) 1, 2 Deewj 4
cenòJehetCe& nQ~ øeewÅeesefieefkeâÙeeW kesâ JÙeehekeâ DevegøeÙeesie kesâ efyevee nce Deeves Jeeues meceÙe (c) 1, 2 Deewj 3 (d) 2, 3 Deewj 4
ceW Deheves ueesieeW keâe meJeeËieerCe efJekeâeme veneR keâj mekeâles~ osMe keâer meeceefjkeâ MeeqkeäleÙeeW
kesâ meeLe øelÙe#e mebueiveleeSB, efJeMes<e ™he mes 1990 kesâ oMekeâ kesâ yeeo mes 4. DeefOekeâ Glheeokeâ jespeieej hewoe keâjves kesâ efueS DeeJeMÙekeâ nw
(a) Yet-jepeveereflekeâ meesÛe-efJeÛeej
DeefOekeâeefOekeâ mhe<š nesleer pee jner nQ~ keâF& cetue Deveg#es$eeW ceW mJeÙeb Yeejle keâer Meeqkeäle (b) efJeMeeue GÅeesie
Gmekeâes Yet-jepeveereflekeâ mevoYe& ceW ÙeLeesefÛele Meeqkeäle keâer eqmLeefle ceW jKeleer nw~ (c) øeewÅeesefiekeâer keâe JÙeehekeâ DevegøeÙeesie
Skeâ efJekeâefmele osMe yeveves kesâ Deekeâeb#eer efkeâmeer Yeer osMe kesâ efueS efJeefYevve meeceefjkeâ (d) øeeflemheæe&lcekeâ yeepeej keâe oeÙeje meerefcele keâjvee
øeewÅeesefieefkeâÙeeW ceW Meeqkeäle-mechevve nesvee Deewj mJeÙeb keâer me=peveelcekeâ MeeqkeäleÙeeW kesâ 5. øeewÅeesefiekeâerÙe DeeieleeW kesâ ueeYe keâe heefjCeece nesiee
ceeOÙece mes GvnW efvejvlej DeÅeleve keâjles jnves keâe meeceLÙe& Yeer DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ (a) heÙee&JejCe mecyevOeer cegodoeW keâes ieewCe ceevevee
peve-DeefYecegKeer keâeÙeeX kesâ efueS Yeer Ûeens efJeMeeue mlej hej GlheeoveMeerue jespeieej (b) nceejs ueesieeW keâes ieefjceeceÙeer peerJeve lekeâ hengBÛeevee
keâe me=peve nes Ùee pevelee keâer hees<eCe SJeb mJeemLÙe mecyevOeer megj#ee megefveeqMÛele (c) DeefveÙeeqv$ele øeewÅeesefiekeâerÙe mebJe=efæ
keâjveer nes Ùee efHeâj peerJeveÙeeheve keâer yesnlej eqmLeefleÙeeB neW– oesveeW Âeq<šÙeeW mes (d) mebÙev$e ceMeervejer keâe DeeÙeele
øeewÅeesefiekeâer Skeâ cenòJehetCe& Deeiele nw~
øeewÅeesefiekeâer hej Dehes#eeke=âle DeefOekeâ yeue keâer DevegheeqmLeefle mes efvecve mlejerÙe ~moY 11
Glheeokeâlee Deewj cetuÙeJeeve øeeke=âeflekeâ mebmeeOeveeW keâer yeyee&oer keâe ceeie& øeMemle nes efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) efvecveefueefKele yeesOe keâes heÌ{keâj mecyeefvOele ØeMveeW kesâ Gòej
mekeâlee nw~ efvecve mlejerÙe Glheeokeâlee Ùee efvecve mlejerÙe cetuÙe-mebJeæ&ve mes pegÌ[s oerefpeS~
ef›eâÙeekeâueehe Devlele: DelÙevle iejerye ueesieeW keâes meyemes DeefOekeâ neefve hengBÛeeles nQ~ peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve keâes meceLe&veerÙe efJekeâeme keâe meJee&efOekeâ iecYeerj Keleje ceevee
nceejer pevelee keâes Skeâ veS peerJeve lekeâ hengBÛeevee Deewj Jen peerJeve øeoeve keâjvee, peelee nw~ Fmekeâe heÙee&JejCe, ceeveJe mJeemLÙe, KeeÅe megj#ee, DeeefLe&keâ ieefleefJeefOe,
efpemekesâ efueS Jen nkeâoej nw, Fme yeejs ceW øeewÅeesefiekeâerÙe DeJeMÙekeâjCeerÙelee Øeeke=âeflekeâ mebmeeOeveeW Deewj Yeeweflekeâ DeJemebjÛevee hej Øeefleketâue ØeYeeJe heÌ[lee nw~
cenòJehetCe& nw~ JÙeeheej Deewj peer[erheer ceW Je=efæ keâer Âef<š mes Skeâ yeÌ[er DeeefLe&keâ JewefMJekeâ peueJeeÙeg mJeeYeeefJekeâ ¤he mes heefjJeefle&le nesleer jnleer nw~ peueJeeÙeg
Meefkeäle nesves keâe Deekeâeb#eer Yeejle efJeosMe ceW ef[peeFve Deewj efvee|cele keâer ieF& ‘šve&keâer’ heefjJele&ve mecyevOeer Devlej keâes %eeefhele keâjves Jeeues mejkeâejer hewveue
heefjÙeespeveeDeeW keâer Meeqkeäle Ùee kesâJeue mebÙev$e ceMeervejer, GhekeâjCe Deewj lekeâveerkeâer %eeve (DeeF&.heer.meer.meer.) kesâ Devegmeej peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve kesâ ØeYeeJeeW keâes henues ner
kesâ yeue hej meHeâue veneR nes mekeâlee~ Deuhekeâeefuekeâ ÙeLeeLeeX hej OÙeeve osles ngS Øesef#ele efkeâÙee pee Ûegkeâe nw Deewj Jew%eeefvekeâ efve<keâ<e& Ùen oMee&les nQ efkeâ meleke&âlee Deewj
nceejs GÅeesieeW ceW ceOÙece SJeb oerIe&keâeefuekeâ jCeveerefleÙeeW Éeje DeewÅeesefiekeâerÙe MeerIeÇlee mes keâej&JeeF& efkeâÙee peevee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~
MeeqkeäleÙeeW keâes efJekeâefmele keâjvee efJekeâefmele Yeejle keâer keâuhevee keâes meekeâej keâjves kesâ peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve kesâ Øeefle YesÅelee kesâJeue Yetieesue mes veneR pegÌ[er nw DeLeJee kesâJeue
efueS cenòJehetCe& nw~ Øeeke=âeflekeâ mebmeeOeveeW hej ner efveYe&j veneR nw, yeefukeâ peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve kesâ meeceeefpekeâ,
1. efJekeâefmele Yeejle keâer keâuhevee keâes meekeâej keâjves kesâ efueS DeeJeMÙekeâ nw Deee|Lekeâ Deewj jepeveereflekeâ DeeÙeece Yeer nQ, pees Fme yeele keâes ØeYeeefJele keâjles nQ efkeâ
(a) ueIegkeâeefuekeâ heefjÙeespeveeDeeW hej OÙeeve kesâeqvõle keâjvee efkeâme Øekeâej mes peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve efJeefYevve mecetneW keâes ØeYeeefJele keâjles nQ~
(b) mebkesâeqvõkeâ øeewÅeesefiekeâerÙe Meeqkeäle keâe efJekeâeme efveOe&ve JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ heeme Øeeke=âeflekeâ DeeheoeDeeW; pewmes–metKee, yeeÌ{, ceneÛe›eâJeele
(c) øecegKe Deee|Lekeâ Meeqkeäle yeveves keâer Deekeâeb#ee Deeefo kesâ keâejCe mecheefòe keâes nesves Jeeueer #eefle keâer hetefle& keâjves kesâ efueS MeeÙeo ner
(d) efJeosMe ceW lewÙeej keâer ieF& heefjÙeespevee hej efveYe&jlee
yeercee neslee nw~ efveOe&ve mecegoeÙe lees iejeryeer Deewj peueJeeÙeg yeoueeJe keâer efJeÅeceeve
2. øeewÅeesefiekeâer keâer DevegheeqmLeefle mes efkeâmekeâe ceeie& øeMemle nesiee? ÛegveewefleÙeeW mes henues ner petPe jne nw Deewj peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve kesâ keâejCe Gmemes
1. keâce øeot<eCe petPevee Deewj ÙeneB lekeâ efkeâ Dehevee DeefmlelJe yeÛeevee cegeMf keâue nes peeSiee~
2. cetuÙeJeeve øeeke=âeflekeâ mebmeeOeveeW keâer yeyee&oer Ùen cenòJehetCe& nw efkeâ Øeke=âefle kesâ yeoueles DeeÙeeceeW kesâ meeLe meecebpemÙe yew"eves ceW
3. efvecve mlejerÙe cetuÙe-mebJeæ&ve Fve mecegoeÙeeW keâer meneÙelee keâer peeveer ÛeeefnS~ Devegketâueve Jen Øeef›eâÙee nw, efpemekesâ
4. DelÙevle iejerye ueesieeW keâes meyemes DeefOekeâ vegkeâmeeve ceeOÙece mes meceepe DeefveefMÛele YeefJe<Ùe kesâ meeLe meecebpemÙe mLeeefhele keâjves ceW Deheves
ketâš
(a) 1, 2 Deewj 4
keâes yesnlej {bie mes me#ece yeveelee nw~ peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve kesâ meeLe Devegketâueve kesâ
(b) 1, 3 Deewj 4 lenle mecegefÛele meecebpemÙe Deewj heefjJele&ve keâjves kesâ ceeOÙece mes peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve
(c) 1, 2 Deewj 3 kesâ vekeâejelcekeâ ØeYeeJeeW keâes keâce keâjves (mekeâejelcekeâ ØeYeeJeeW keâe heâeÙeoe G"eves)
(d) 2, 3 Deewj 4 kesâ efueS mener GheeÙe efkeâS peeles nQ~
{hÝXr 17
Fve GheeÙeeW ceW ØeewÅeesefiekeâerÙe efJekeâuhe; ÙeLee–yeÌ{er ngF& mecegõer megj#ee DeLeJee 3. Devegketâueve Skeâ Øeef›eâÙee kesâ ¤he ceW meceepeeW keâes efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâmekesâ
efšuegDeeW hej yeeÌ{-jef#ele Iej mes ueskeâj JÙeefkeäleiele mlej hej JÙeJenejiele heefjJele&ve; meeLe meecebpemÙe mLeeefhele keâjves ceW meceLe& yeveelee nw?
pewmes–metKes kesâ meceÙe ceW heeveer keâe keâce ØeÙeesie Meeefceue nw~ DevÙe jCeveerefleÙeeW ceW 1. DeefveefMÛele YeefJe<Ùe
Ûejce IešveeDeeW kesâ efueS hetJe& ÛesleeJeveer ØeCeeueer, yesnlej peue ØeyevOeve, Gvvele 2. meecebpemÙe Deewj heefjJele&ve
peesefKece ØeyevOeve, efJeefYevve yeercee efJekeâuhe Deewj pewJe-efJeefJeOelee mebj#eCe 3. peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve keâe vekeâejelcekeâ ØeYeeJe
meefcceefuele nQ~ JewefMJekeâ leeheve Je=efæ kesâ keâejCe efpeme ieefle mes peueJeeÙeg ceW heefjJele&ve 4. peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve keâe mekeâejelcekeâ ØeYeeJe
nes jne nw, Ùen DelÙeeJeMÙekeâ nes peelee nw efkeâ peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve kesâ Øeefle veerÛes efoS ieS ketâš keâer meneÙelee mes mener Gòej oerefpeS
efJekeâemeMeerue osMeeW keâer YesÅelee keâes keâce efkeâÙee peeS Deewj Gvekeâer Devegketâueve #ecelee (a) 1 Deewj 3 (b) 2, 3 Deewj 4
keâes yeÌ{eÙee peeS leLee je<šêrÙe Devegketâueve veerefleÙeeB keâeÙee&efvJele keâer peeSB~ peueJeeÙeg (c) kesâJeue 3 (d) Ùes meYeer
heefjJele&ve kesâ Øeefle Devegketâueve mecegoeÙe mes je<šêrÙe Deewj Devleje&<šêrÙe meYeer mlejeW 4. Fme yeesOe keâe mebkesâefvõkeâ efyevog nw
hej meecebpemÙe Deewj heefjJele&veeW keâer ceeBie keâjlee nw~ (a) #es$eerÙe Deewj je<šêrÙe ØeÙeemeeW kesâ yeerÛe mecevJeÙe
Jele&ceeve Deewj YeefJe<Ùe kesâ peueJeeÙeg kesâ meeLe meecebpemÙe mLeeefhele keâjves nsleg (b) peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve kesâ Øeefle Devegketâueve
mecegoeÙeeW keâes Deheves meJee&efOekeâ heejcheefjkeâ %eeve keâe GheÙeesie keâjves Deewj Deheveer (c) peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve kesâ meeceeefpekeâ DeeÙeece
DeepeerefJekeâe kesâ efJeefJeOeerkeâjCe kesâ meeLe-meeLe mecegefÛele ØeewÅeesefieefkeâÙeeW keâes Deheveeves (d) heejcheefjkeâ %eeve keâes mecegefÛele ØeewÅeesefiekeâer kesâ meeLe peesÌ[vee
meefnle Deheveer vecÙelee yeveeveer ÛeeefnS~ mejkeâejer Deewj mLeeveerÙe nmle#esheeW kesâ meeLe 5. Fme yeesOe mes keäÙee efve<keâ<e& efvekeâuelee nw?
leeuecesue mLeeefhele keâjles ngS, meecebpemÙe efye"eves Jeeueer mLeeveerÙe jCeveerefleÙeeW Deewj 1. peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve meceLe&veerÙe efJekeâeme keâe meJee&efOekeâ iecYeerj Keleje nw
%eeve keâe ØeÙeesie efkeâÙee peevee ÛeeefnS~ Devegketâueve mecyevOeer nmle#eshe je<šêrÙe 2. Øeke=âefle kesâ yeoueles DeeÙeeceeW kesâ meeLe meecebpemÙe
heefjefmLeefleÙeeW hej efveYe&j keâjles nQ~ 3. peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve keâer efJeefYevvelee
4. peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve kesâ Øeefle Devegketâueve
peueJeeÙeg mecyevOeer yeoueeJeeW Deewj Ûejce ceewmeceer IešveeDeeW kesâ meeLe meecebpemÙe 5. DeewÅeesefiekeâ heefjJele&ve
mLeeefhele keâjves kesâ mecyevOe ceW mLeeveerÙe mecegoeÙeeW kesâ heeme Je=nod %eeve Deewj DevegYeJe 6. meceÙe efmeæ GheeÙe
nw~ mLeeveerÙe mecegoeÙeeW keâe ncesMee mes GodosMÙe Deheves peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&veeW kesâ meeLe ketâš
leeuecesue efye"evee jne nw~ Ssmee keâjves kesâ efueS GvneWves efJeiele kesâ ceewmeceer hewšveeX kesâ (a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 2, 3, 4, 6
Deheves DevegYeJe kesâ DeeOeej hej mebmeeOeveeW Deewj mebefÛele %eeve kesâ Deveg™he lewÙeeefjÙeeB (c) 1, 2, 4 (d) 1, 3, 5, 6
keâer nQ~
FmeceW Jes meceÙe Yeer Meeefceue jns nQ, peye GvnW yeeÌ{, metKee Deewj letheâeve pewmeer Ûejce ~moY 12
ceewmeceer IešveeDeeW mes Øeefleef›eâÙee keâjvee Deewj Gvemes Gyejvee heÌ[e nw~ meecebpemÙe
mLeeefhele keâjves keâer mLeeveerÙe jCeveerefleÙeeB Devegketâueve kesâ efveÙeespeve ceW cenòJehetCe&
oerefpeS~
leòJe jner nQ~ peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve keâer Jepen mes mecegoeÙeeW keâes yeej-yeej Ûejce
peueJeeÙeg efmLeefleÙeeW leLee veF& peueJeeÙeg efmLeefleÙeeW Deewj Ûejce efmLeefleÙeeW keâe meecevee ßece kesâ heefjøes#Ùe ceW peeheeveer keâeÙe&keâlee& oMekeâeW lekeâ Dehes#eeke=âle keâce ueeiele leLee
keâjvee heÌ[ jne nw~ heejcheefjkeâ %eeve mes Gve mecegoeÙeeW keâes pees JewefMJekeâ leeheve keâer GÛÛe iegCeJeòee kesâ DeeOeej hej øeeflemheæe& DeefYeueeYe øeoeve keâjles jns nQ, efJeMes<ekeâj
Jepen mes peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve kesâ ØeYeeJe keâes cenmetme keâj jns nQ, peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve efškeâeT JemlegDeeW SJeb GheYeeskeälee mecyevOeer Fueskeäšê@efvekeäme GÅeesieeW; pewmes–ceMeervejer,
kesâ meeLe meecebpemÙe mLeeefhele keâjves leLee kegâMeue, mecegefÛele Deewj meceÙe efmeæ GheeÙe Dee@šesceesyeeFue, šsueerefJepeve, jsef[Ùees Deeefo kesâ mevoYe& ceW~ leoghejevle ßece DeeOeeefjle
{Bt{ves ceW meneÙelee efceuesieer~ ueeYe oef#eCe keâesefjÙee, Fmekesâ heMÛeeled ceuesefMeÙee, ceweqkeämekeâes leLee DevÙe osMeeW ceW
1. peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve keâer Ûegveewleer mes efvehešves kesâ efueS efJekeâemeMeerue osMeeW keâes
Devleefjle ngS~ mecøeefle, ßece kesâ DeeOeej hej Ûeerve keâes efJeMes<e ueeYe GheueyOe neslee
DelÙeeJeMÙekeâ ¤he mes efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keäÙee keâjves keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw? øeleerle nes jne nw~ efHeâj Yeer, Ssmeer efškeâeT JemlegDeeW, Fueskeäšê@efvekeäme leLee DevÙe
(a) Deheves mlej hej je<šêrÙe Devegketâueve veerefle keâe keâeÙee&vJeÙeve GlheeoeW kesâ efueS peeheeveer Heâce& yeepeej ceW Dehes#eeke=âle DeefOekeâ øeeflemheæea ÙeesiÙelee
(b) DeuheeJeefOe ÙeespeveeSB Deheveevee jKeleer nw~ efkeâvleg DevÙe DeewÅeesefiekeâ osMeeW kesâ efJeefvecee&leeDeeW kesâ Thej øeeflemheæe&lcekeâ
(c) ØeewÅeesefiekeâerÙe meceeOeeve Deheveevee DeefYeueeYe nsleg ßeceyeue Deye heÙee&hle veneR nw~ ßece DeeOeeefjle ueeYe ceW Fme øekeâej
(d) peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve keâj ueieevee keâe yeoueeJe Glheeove mes pegÌ[s GÅeesieeW lekeâ mhe<šle: Devegmeerefcele veneR nw~
2. veerÛes peueJeeÙeg heefjJele&ve kesâ Øeefle efveOe&ve JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâer YesÅelee kesâ keâejkeâ Deepe metÛevee øeewÅeesefiekeâer SJeb mesJee #es$e mes pegÌ[s DeefOemebKÙe jespeieej keâer
efoS ieS nQ~ mener Gòej Jeeues ketâš keâe ÛeÙeve keâjW~ mecYeeJeveeSB Ùetjeshe leLee Gòejer Decesefjkeâe mes Yeejle, eEmeieehegj leLee Ssmes ner DevÙe
1. Øeeke=âeflekeâ mebmeeOeveeW hej Gvekeâer efveYe&jlee osMeeW keâer Deesj yeÌ{ jner nQ, pees meehes#ele: DeefOekeâ efMeef#ele, keâce ueeiele Jeeues
2. Yeewieesefuekeâ keâejCe keâeÙe&yeue, lekeâveerkeâer keâewMeue jKeles nQ~ leLeeefhe, pewmes-pewmes DevÙe osMeeW ceW Mewef#ekeâ
3. efJeòeerÙe mebmeeOeveeW keâer keâceer mlej SJeb lekeâveerkeâer o#eleeDeeW ceW DeefYeJe=efæ nes jner nQ; pewmes–Yeejle, eEmeieehegj
4. heejcheefjkeâ %eeve keâe DeYeeJe leLee Fmeer øekeâej kesâ DevÙe osMe, efpeveceW ßece DeeOeeefjle DeefYeueeYe øeeflemheæe&lcekeâ
ketâš mlej hej efJeMes<e ™he ceW GheueyOe jns nQ, Gvekesâ mece#e veS øeeflemhee|æÙeeW kesâ
(a) 2, 3 Deewj 4 (b) 1, 2, 3 Deewj 4
DeeefJeYee&Je mes Ssmes ueeYeeW keâer mecYeeJeveeDeeW keâes yeveeS jKevee keâef"ve øeleerle neslee
(c) kesâJeue 3 (d) 1, 2 Deewj 3
nw~ hetBpeer keâer o=eq<š mes, meefoÙeeW lekeâ mJeCe&-efmekeäkeâeW kesâ keâeue SJeb yeeo ceW keâeiepeer 5. Ùen GæjCe efkeâme ØeJe=efòe keâe GuuesKe keâjlee nw?
cegõe ves Yeer efJeòeerÙe øeJeeneW keâes øeefleyeeqvOele efkeâÙee~ (a) JewefMJekeâ efJeòeerÙe ØeJeen keâe
(b) efJeefvecee&Ce GÅeesie ceW Øeeflemheæe& kesâ DeYeeJe keâe
Fme ›eâce ceW #es$eerÙe kesâvõerkeâjCe keâe DeYÙegoÙe ngDee, efpemeceW yeÌ[s yeQkeâ, GÅeesie
(c) heBtpeerJeeefoÙeeW kesâ #es$eerÙekeâjCe keâe
Deewj yeepeej meeqcceefßele ngS~ efkeâvleg Deepe hetBpeer keâe øeJeen Devleje&<šêrÙe mlej hej (d) mebie"veelcekeâ Demebieefle keâe
leer›eieefle mes nes jne nw~ JeweqMJekeâ JeeefCepÙe Deye Deheves JÙeeheeefjkeâ øeefleYeeefieÙeeW mes
#es$eerÙe Devlee|›eâÙeeDeeW (efJeefveceÙe) keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee veneR jKelee~ efve:mevosn, 6. Fme GæjCe ceW uesKekeâ efkeâme hej yeue oslee nw?
(a) Devleje&<šêrÙe JeeefCepÙe hej
#es$eerÙe mlej hej hetBpeer-kesâvõerkeâjCe kesâ hegbpe vÙetÙee@ke&â, uevove leLee šeskeäÙees pewmes (b) ßece-ienve GÅeesie hej
mLeeveeW ceW DeYeer Yeer efJeÅeceeve nQ, efkeâvleg Jes mheæe&lcekeâ ueeYeeW kesâ efueS efJeMJe ceW (c) heBtpeer-mebmeeOeve ØeyevOeve hej
Hewâues ngS DevÙe hetBpeer efJeefveJesMekeâeW keâes Âeq<šiele jKeles ngS heÙee&hle veneR nQ~ (d) %eeve-DevegØesefjle Øeeflemheæe& ueeYe hej
heefjJee|lele heefjÂMÙe ceW keâesF& Yeer mebie"ve Deheves mebmeeOeveeW (ÙeLee: Yetefce, ßece, hetBpeer
SJeb metÛevee øeewÅeesefiekeâer) keâes peesÌ[ves, meceeqvJele keâjves leLee DevegøeÙeesie ceW øeYeeJeer ~moY 13
™he mes me#ece nQ leLee efpemes DevÙe øeeflemheefæ&ÙeeW Éeje megefJeOeepevekeâ ™he ceW
DeheveeÙee ve pee mekesâ, leYeer GvnW uecyes Dejmes lekeâ Ssmes DeefYeueeYeeW kesâ mechees<eCe efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) efvecveefueefKele yeesOe keâes heÌ{keâj mecyeefvOele ØeMveeW kesâ Gòej
keâe DeJemej øeehle nes mekesâiee~ Heâce& kesâ %eeve-DeeOeeefjle efmeæevle kesâ heefjøes#Ùe ceW oerefpeS~
Fme OeejCee mes mebie"veelcekeâ %eeve keâes hejchejeiele Deee|Lekeâ DeeieleeW keâer meeceLÙe& neue ner ceW ceQves JeneR keâece efkeâÙee peneB Deehekeâes Skeâ yeÌ[s keâe[& hej nmlee#ej
SJeb cenòJe kesâ meceleguÙe mebmeeOeve kesâ ™he ceW osKee pee mekeâlee nw~ Jen mebie"ve, keâjves nesles nQ Deewj Ùen keâece Deheves Deehe ceW Skeâ meb$eeme nw, efJeMes<ekeâj peyeefkeâ
efpemeceW Glke=â<š %eeve keâe mebyeue efJeÅeceeve nw, efJeMes<ele: Gve yeepeejeW ceW mheæe&lcekeâ Gme yeÌ[s keâe[& keâe Oeejkeâ cesjs Thej Pegkeâe ngDee Lee~ ceQ DeÛeevekeâ Ssmeer efmLeefle ceW
ueeYe efceue mekeâles nQ, peneB %eeve kesâ DevegøeÙeesie kesâ øeefle Deekeâ<e&Ce nw~ Fmekesâ Lee, pewmes De«eoerhe ceW Skeâ KejieesMe Ùee efJeveesohetCe& mebJeeo Yespeves DeLeJee Fve peeskeâ
GoenjCe nQ– mesceerkeâC[keäšj, pesvesefškeâ FbpeerefveÙeeEjie, Heâecee&mÙegefškeâume, DeLeJee DeejsKeve kesâ yeerÛe GOesÌ[yegve keâer efmLeefle~ Fmekesâ yepeeÙe GheueyOe Deveskeâ
mee@HeäšJesÙej, mewvÙe Ùegæ keâce& leLee DevÙe %eeve ienve øeefleÉefvÉlee kesâ Jes #es$e, pees efJekeâuheeW mes DeefYeYetle neskeâj ceQves Ùener efueKeves keâe efveCe&Ùe efkeâÙee : ‘‘ieg[ uekeâ,
keâeue›eâceevegmeej efmeæ SJeb Jele&ceeve ceW Yeer øeYeeJeer nQ~ "erkeâ nw, peesSue~’’ YeÙeYeerle neskeâj DeYeer ceQves cenmetme efkeâÙee efkeâ ceQ lees efueKevee
mesceerkeâC[keäšj pewmes keâchÙetšj efÛehme keâes ner ues ueerefpeS, pees øecegKe ™he mes jsle ner Yetue ieÙee ntB~ cesje lees Flevee-mee Jepeto nw ‘‘keâchÙetšj hej De#ejeW keâes
SJeb meeceevÙe OeelegDeeW mes yeveles nQ~ Ùes meeJe&osefMekeâ SJeb MeeqkeäleMeeueer Fueskeäšê@efvekeâ oyeeDees~’’ Kejerooejer nsleg cesjer metÛeer lees cesjs Heâesve kesâ veesš ØekeâeÙe& ceW efÚheer nw~
øeefJeefOeÙeeB meeceevÙe keâeÙee&ueÙe YeJeveeW ceW lewÙeej keâer peeleer nQ leLee FveceW JeeefCeeqpÙekeâ Ùeefo cegPes kegâÚ Ùeeo keâjves keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee heÌ[leer nw, lees ceQ Deheves Deehe keâes
Âeq<š mes GheueyOe GhekeâjCeeW keâe GheÙeesie neslee nw leLee keâF& DeewÅeesefiekeâ osMeeW ceW F&-cesue Yespe oslee ntB~ peye ceQ kegâÚ meesÛe-efJeÛeej ceW mebIe<e& keâj jne neslee ntB, lees ceQ
keâejKeeveeW ceW ner efvee|cele nesles nQ~ HeâuemJe™he, mesceerkeâC[keäšj GÅeesieeW ceW Yetefce keâes Deheveer keâuece Ûeyeeves ueielee ntB~ keâeiepe kegâÚ Fme lejn mes nw, efpemes ceQ uewheše@he kesâ
cenòJehetCe& øeeflemheæe&lcekeâ mebmeeOeve kesâ ™he ceW veneR efueÙee peelee nw~ veerÛes Skeâef$ele keâjlee ntB, leeefkeâ šbkeâCe nsleg Fmekeâer TBÛeeF& cesjs efueS DeefOekeâ
megefJeOeepevekeâ nes peeS~
1. efkeâme osMe ves Dee@šesceesyeeFue GÅeesie ceW oMekeâeW lekeâ Øeeflemheæea ueeYe G"eÙee nw? uesKeve meece«eer efJe›esâleeDeeW Éeje 1,000 efkeâMeesj yeeuekeâeW kesâ meJex#eCe ceW, efyekeâ ves
(a) oef#eCe keâesefjÙee (b) peeheeve
(c) cewefkeämekeâes (d) ceuesefMeÙee heeÙee efkeâ Gvekesâ 10 ceW mes Skeâ efkeâMeesj kesâ heeme Deheveer keâuece veneR nw, GveceW mes
nj leermejs ves lees keâYeer he$e veneR efueKee nw SJeb 13 mes 19 Je<e& keâer DeeÙeg kesâ DeeOes
2. Yeejle Deewj efmebieehegj kesâ ßece-DeeOeeefjle Øeeflemheæea ueeYe DeeF&. šer. Deewj efkeâMeesjeW keâes keâYeer Yeer yeeOÙe veneR efkeâÙee ieÙee efkeâ Jes yew"W Deewj OevÙeJeeo keâe he$e
mesJee #es$eeW ceW keäÙeeW mecheesef<ele veneR efkeâS pee mekeâles nQ? efueKeW~ 80% mes DeefOekeâ efkeâMeesjeW ves lees keâYeer Yeer keâesF& Øesce he$e veneR efueKee,
(a) o#elee kesâ Üemeceeve mlejeW kesâ keâejCe
56% kesâ Iej hej he$e keâe keâeiepe ner veneR nw~ meeLe ner Skeâ-ÛeewLeeF& keâes lees
(b) heBtpeer-ienve ØeewÅeesefiekeâer kesâ Deeves kesâ keâejCe
(c) veS Øeeflemhee|æÙeeW kesâ keâejCe pevceefove kesâ keâe[& efueKeves keâer DeveesKeer pencele keâer keâesF& peevekeâejer ner veneR ngF&~
(d) efJeefvecee&Ce GÅeesieeW ceW ßece DeeOeeefjle ueeYe kesâ DevlejCe kesâ keâejCe DeefOekeâ-mes-DeefOekeâ Ùeefo efkeâmeer efkeâMeesj keâes keâuece kesâ ØeÙeesie keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee
3. Skeâ mebie"ve efkeâme lejn mechees<eCeerÙe Øeeflemheæea ueeYe G"e mekeâlee nw? ngF&, lees Jen efmeHe&â hejer#ee ØeMve-he$e keâe Gòej efueKeves ceW~ efyekeâ, keäÙee legceves keâYeer
(a) #es$eerÙe heBtpeer ØeJeeneW kesâ ceeOÙece mes ceesyeeFue Heâesve kesâ yeejs ceW megvee nw? keäÙee legceves F&-cesue, Hesâmeyegkeâ Deewj mvewhe
(b) JÙeeheejkeâlee&DeeW kesâ yeerÛe #es$eerÙe Devlee|›eâÙee kesâ ceeOÙece mes ÛeweEšie kesâ yeejs ceW megvee nw?
(c) yeÌ[s yeQkeâeW, GÅeesieeW Deewj yeepeejeW keâes meefcceefßele keâj Ùener YeefJe<Ùe nw~ keâuece keâe peceevee ieÙee~ keâeiepe keâe peceevee ieÙee~ nmleuesKeve
(d) efJeefYevve meeOekeâlJeeW kesâ ØeYeeJeer ØeÙeesie Éeje Deye mce=efle Mes<e jn ieÙee nw~ ‘‘nceejs heeme nmleuesKeve meJee&efOekeâ mepe&veelcekeâ
4. efJeefMe<š yeepeejeW ceW Øeeflemheæea ueeYeeW keâes megefveefMÛele keâjves kesâ efueS keäÙee DeefYeJÙeefkeäle nw leLee Fmes jsKeeefÛe$e (mkesâeEÛeie), efÛe$ekeâejer DeLeJee Heâesšes«eeHeâer
DeeJeMÙekeâ nw? pewmeer keâuee kesâ DevÙe ™heeW keâer lejn meceeve cenòJe efoÙee peevee ÛeeefnS~’’
(a) heBtpeer keâer megueYelee 1. uesKekeâ kesâ Devegmeej, efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve keâece-keâepe keâer meJee&efOekeâ
(b) meeceevÙe keâeÙee&ueÙe YeJeve me=peveelcekeâ DeefYeJÙeefkeäle veneR nw?
(c) Glke=â<š %eeve (a) heÌ{vee (b) nmleuesKeve
(d) meeceevÙe OeelegSB (c) Heâesšes«eeHeâer (d) jsKeeefÛe$e yeveevee
{hÝXr 19
2. ‘‘Skeâ yeÌ[s keâe[& hej nmlee#ej keâjves keâer yeele DeeF&, lees uesKekeâ keâes ‘De«eoerhe meeefnlÙe kesâ mecyevOe ceW Ùen leke&â efoÙee peelee nw efkeâ Ùen yeewefækeâ Decetle& efJeÛeejeW
ceW efkeâmeer KejieesMe’ pewmee DevegYeJe ngDee~’’ Fme heo keâe keäÙee DeLe& nw? kesâ yepeeÙe ceeveJe DevegYeJeeW kesâ yeejs ceW neslee nw~ Ùen ceeveJe peeefle keâer ‘cenmetme keâer
(a) Jesovee keâer efmLeefle (b) GuePeve keâer efmLeefle ieF& JeemleefJekeâlee’ hej efJeÛeej keâjlee nw Deewj veerjme leLee efvepeeaJe efJeÛeejeW kesâ
(c) Øemevvelee keâer efmLeefle (d) ogefMÛevlee keâer efmLeefle yepeeÙe DeespehetCe& Deewj mJeeohetCe& (jme) mes mecyeefvOele neslee nw~ Decesejf keâe keâer
GhevÙeemekeâej cewjer cekeâeLeea ves Deheveer hegmlekeâ ‘DeeFef[Ùee Deewj vee@Jeue’ ceW Fme
3. efyekeâ kesâ meJex#eCe kesâ Devegmeej, efkeâleves efkeâMeesjeW kesâ heeme keâesF& keâuece veneR
nw? efJe<eÙe hej keâer ieF& JÙeehekeâ ÛeÛee& ceW keâne nw efkeâ ‘‘GhevÙeeme ceW JÙekeäle efJeÛeejeW kesâ
(a) 100 (b) 800
yeejs ceW Deepe Yeer Ùen cenmetme efkeâÙee peelee nw efkeâ Jes Deveekeâ<e&keâ nesles nQ~’’
(c) 560 (d) 500 neueeBefkeâ Ssmee ‘henues’ DeLee&led 18JeeR Deewj 19JeeR meoer ceW veneR Lee~ Skeâ Deesj
4. uesKekeâ keâer mechetCe& meòee ........... kesâ Fo&-efieo& Ietceleer nw~ efJeÛeej Deewj otmejer Deesj GhevÙeeme kesâ yeerÛe Demebieefle kesâ mhe<š mJe™he keâe Gvekeâe
1. keâchÙetšj 2. ceesyeeFue Heâesve efve™heCe mecYeJele: Fme ceeceues ceW efJeYeeefpele meesÛe keâe mebkesâle nw Deewj Skeâ Ssmeer
3. šeFhejeFšj ogefJeOee nw, pees keâF& uesKekeâeW Deewj hee"keâeW kesâ yeerÛe nw~ ‘‘efJeÛeej meMekeäle nesles nQ,
veerÛes efoS ieS ketâš keâer meneÙelee mes mener Gòej ÛegefveS uesefkeâve ceQ ØeeÙe: meesÛeleer ntB efkeâ GhevÙeeme ceW Gmekeâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nesleer nw~ Fmekesâ
(a) 2 Deewj 3 (b) kesâJeue 2 yeeJepeto GhevÙeemekeâejeW kesâ efueS Ùen cenmetme keâjvee keâeheâer meeceevÙe nw~’’...
(c) 1 Deewj 2 (d) 1, 2 Deewj 3 efJeÛeejeW kesâ efJe®æ Mem$e G"eles meceÙe efJeÛeejeW kesâ Øeefle Deekeâ<e&Ce DevegYeJe keâjvee,
5. uesKekeâ keâer cegKÙe efÛevlee keäÙee nw? Jen Yeer Gheneme kesâ nefLeÙeejeW kesâ meeLe~
(a) efkeâ efkeâMeesj nmleuesKeve keâer keâuee Yetue ieS nQ 1. Fme yeesOe kesâ Devegmeej Skeâ jepeveereflekeâ GhevÙeeme ØeeÙe: efvecveefueefKele ceW mes
(b) efkeâ efkeâMeesj mebÛeej nsleg meeceeefpekeâ vesšJeke&â keâe GheÙeesie keâjles nQ keäÙee yeve peelee nw?
(c) efkeâ efkeâMeesj ceesyeeFue Heâesve keâe GheÙeesie keâjles nQ (a) jepeveerefle kesâ efueS meeefneflÙekeâ De®efÛe
(d) efkeâ efkeâMeesj keâchÙetšj keâe GheÙeesie keâjles nQ (b) jepeveerefle keâer meeefneflÙekeâ Øemlegefle
(c) Deheveer ner jepeveerefle Jeeuee GhevÙeeme
~moY 14 (d) jepeveerefle keâer Demhe<š heefjheešer keâe efÛe$eCe
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-5) efvecveefueefKele yeesOe keâes heÌ{keâj mecyeefvOele ØeMveeW kesâ Gòej 2. Skeâ jepeveereflekeâ GhevÙeeme mes efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâmekeâe helee Ûeuelee nw?
oerefpeS~ (a) ÛeerpeeW keâer JeemleefJekeâlee
(b) uesKekeâ keâe yeesOe
jepeveerefle ceW meeefneflÙekeâ De®efÛe kesâ mecyevOe ceW Ssmee Øeleerle neslee nw efkeâ Jen (c) hee"keâeW keâer efJeÛeejOeeje efJeMes<e
meeefneflÙekeâ Øemlegefle kesâ efJe<eÙe kesâ ™he ceW keâeheâer no lekeâ jepeveerefle kesâ Demhe<š (d) meeefnlÙe keâer YeeJevee
JÙeJenej hej DeefOekeâ OÙeeve kesâefvõle veneR keâjlee nw, uesefkeâve Fme yeele hej OÙeeve 3. Deheves mJeYeeJe mes jepeveerefle keâe {eBÛee neslee nw
kesâefvõle keâjlee nw efkeâ Fmes meeefnlÙe ceW ØeeÙe: kewâmes efÛeef$ele efkeâÙee peelee nw? DeLee&led (a) ØeÛeefuele jepeveereflekeâ efmLeefle
Ssmeer Øemlegefle keâer jepeveerefle keäÙee nw? jepeveereflekeâ GhevÙeeme DeefOekeâebMele: kesâJeue (b) efJeÛeej Deewj efJeÛeejOeejeSB
jepeveerefle kesâ yeejs ceW Skeâ GhevÙeeme veneR neslee nw, Deefheleg Gmekeâer Deheveer jepeveerefle (c) jepeveereflekeâ ØeÛeej
nesleer nw~ FmeefueS Jen nceW kesâJeue Ùen veneR yeleelee nw efkeâ ÛeerpeW kewâmeer nQ, Deefheleg (d) ceeveJe mJeYeeJe keâer mecePe
Fvemes mecyeefvOele efJeÛeejeW keâes mhe<š ™he mes efveefMÛele meesÛe Øeoeve keâjlee nw efkeâ 4. meeefnlÙe ceW efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâme hej ÛeÛee& keâer peeleer nw?
ÛeerpeW kewâmeer nesveer ÛeeefnS? Deewj Ùen yeleelee nw efkeâ efkeâmeer keâes mener-mener Ssmee (a) jepeveerefle ceW ceeveJe DevegYeJe
meesÛevee Deewj keâjvee ÛeeefnS efkeâ ÛeerpeW JeebefÚle efoMee ceW De«emej neW, meb#eshe ceW Jen (b) yeewefækeâ Decetle& efJeÛeej
hee"keâeW keâes keâejCe Ùee efJeÛeejOeeje efJeMes<e ceW yeouevee Ùee metÛeeryeæ keâjvee Ûeenlee (c) Meg<keâ Deewj efjkeäle efJeÛeej
nw~ Ùen ØeeÙe: meeefnlÙe veneR neslee nw (Ùen kesâJeue DelÙeefOekeâ heefjefÛele heoyevOe nw) (d) ceeveJe peerJeve keâer cenmetme keâer ieF& JeemleefJekeâlee
uesefkeâve Skeâ ØeÛeej neslee nw~ 5. Fme ieÅeebMe mes keäÙee efve<keâ<e& efvekeâuelee nw?
Fmemes meeefneflÙekeâ YeeJevee keâe Deefle›eâceCe ner neslee nw, efpememes nce efJeMJe 1. jepeveerefle keâe efÛe$eCe meeefnlÙe ceW efkeâme Øekeâej nes
keâes Yeueer-YeeBefle mecePeles nQ Deewj nceejer menevegYetefleÙeeW keâe ØeYeeJe-#es$e 2. jepeveerefle Deheves mJeYeeJe mes ner efJeÛeej Deewj efJeÛeejOeeje efvee|cele
JÙeehekeâ neslee nw SJeb nceejer meesÛe Deewj menevegYetefle keâes keâšdšj Øeefleyeælee mes keâjleer nw
mebkeâerCe& ve keâjW pewmee efkeâ pee@ve keâeršdme ves keâne nw–‘‘nceW Ssmes keâeJÙe mes Ie=Cee 3. jepeveerefle ceW meeefneflÙekeâ De®efÛe
nesleer nw, pees nce hej ueeo efoÙee peelee nw~’’ otmeje keâejCe Ùen nw efkeâ keäÙeeW 4. jepeveerefle GhevÙeeme keâe efJe<eÙe nw
jepeveerefle GÛÛe Øekeâej keâer meeefneflÙekeâ Øemlegefle kesâ Øeefle Devegketâue DeeÛejCe veneR 5. meeefnlÙe keâer YeeJevee
keâjleer nw~ jepeveerefle Deheves mJeYeeJe mes ner efJeÛeej Deewj efJeÛeejOeeje mes efveefce&le 6. yeewefækeâ Decetle& efJeÛeej
nesleer nw~ Ùeefo jepeveereflekeâ efmLeefle mJeÙeb keâes GheÙegkeäle meeefneflÙekeâ mecceeve veneR os ketâš
heeleer nw, lees Fme mecyevOe ceW jepeveereflekeâ efJeÛeej Deewj Yeer iecYeerj mecemÙee hewoe (a) 1, 3, 4 (b) 3, 4, 5
(c) 2, 3, 5 (d) 1, 2, 3
keâjles nQ~
~moY 15 3. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes mener keâLeve keâewve-mee nw?

(a) mebiecejcej keâe ØeÙeesie leepecenue kesâ efvecee&Ce kesâ efueS veneR efkeâÙee ieÙee Lee
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-6) efvecveefueefKele yeesOe keâes heÌ{keâj mecyeefvOele ØeMveeW kesâ Gòej (b) leepecenue heefjmej ceW js[mesC[ helLej efoKeeF& veneR oslee nw
oerefpeS~ (c) leepecenue kesâ ÛeejeW Deesj ‘Ûeej yeeie’ veecekeâ Ûeej-Ûeewkeâesj yeeie nQ
leepecenue efJeMJe kesâ %eele meJeexòece mceejkeâeW ceW mes Skeâ nw~ mehesâo mebiecejcej kesâ (d) leepecenue keâe efvecee&Ce cegcelee]pe cenue kesâ efueS ‘Gme& meceejesn’ ceveeves
iegcyeo keâe Ùen {eBÛee Ûeej Ûeewkeâesj yeeieeW kesâ oef#eCeer Úesj hej Skeâ Ûeyetlejs hej kesâ efueS efkeâÙee ieÙee Lee
efmLele nw~ 305 × 549 ceeršj veehe keâer oerJeejeW kesâ Devoj yeves Ùes yeeie pevvele 4. mecekeâeueerve «evLeeW ceW leepecenue efkeâme veece mes peevee peelee nw?
ueieles nQ~ cegcelee]peeyeeo veecekeâ #es$e ceW oerJeejeW kesâ yeenj veewkeâj-ÛeekeâjeW kesâ jnves (a) cegcelee]peeyeeo (b) cegcelee]pe cenue
kesâ keäJeeš&j, yeepeej, mejeÙe Deewj mLeeveerÙe JÙeeheeefjÙeeW Deewj DeefYepeele ueesieeW Éeje (c) ]pewveeyeeo (d) jew]pee-S-cegveJJeje
yeveeF& ieF& DevÙe ogkeâeveW Deeefo nQ~
5. leepecenue keâe efvecee&Ce keâeÙe& efkeâme DeJeefOe ceW hetje efkeâÙee ieÙee Lee?
cegcelee]peeyeeo kesâ iegcyeo heefjmej Deewj DevÙe Meener YeJeveeW keâer osKe-Yeeue, iegcyeo (a) 1632-1636 F&. (b) 1630-1643 F&.
keâer meneÙelee kesâ efueS efJeMes<e ™he mes efoS ieS leerme ieeBJeeW keâer DeeÙe mes keâer peeleer (c) 1632-1643 F&. (d) 1636-1643 F&.
Leer~ cegieue Fefleneme ceW leepecenue veece keâe GuuesKe veneR nw, uesefkeâve Fmekeâe ØeÙeesie 6. leepecenue kesâ efvecee&Ce keâer Yetefce kesâ mJeeefcelJe mecyevOeer ØeuesKeeW keâes
Yeejle kesâ lelkeâeueerve ÙetjesheerÙe ueesieeW ves efkeâÙee Lee~ keânles nQ
Gvekeâe keânvee Lee efkeâ Ùen Fme iegcyeo keâe ØeÛeefuele veece Lee~ lelkeâeueerve hegmlekeâeW (a) heâjceeve (b) efJe›eâÙe efJeuesKe
Deeefo ceW meeceevÙele: Fmes kesâJeue ØekeâeefMele iegcyeo (jew]pee-S-cegveJJeje) keâne (c) efJe›eâÙe-›eâÙe efJeuesKe (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR
ieÙee Lee~ 1631 F&. ceW Deheves ÛeewonJeW yeÛÛes keâes pevce osves kesâ yeeo ner cegcelee]pe
cenue keâer ce=lÙeg nes ieF& Leer~ cegieue ojyeej leye yegjnevehegj ceW Lee~ Meeskeâ-meblehle ~moY 16
yeeoMeen ves Gvekesâ MeJe keâes leehleer veoer kesâ efkeâveejs efmLele ]pewveeyeeo veecekeâ efJeMeeue
yeeie ceW oheâveeÙee Lee~ Ú: ceen yeeo Gvekesâ MeJe keâes Deeieje ueeÙee ieÙee, peneB
oerefpeS~
cekeâyejs kesâ efueS leÙe keâer ieF& peceerve ceW Fmes oheâveeÙee ieÙee~ Ùen peceerve Ùecegvee
veoer kesâ efkeâveejs hej cegieue Menj kesâ oef#eCe ceW efmLele Leer~ Ùen peceerve jepee efJekeâemeMeerue osMeeW ceW Deewj veiejerkeâjCe Øeef›eâÙee mes MenjeW keâe ØeÛeefuele Âef<škeâesCe
ceeveefmebn kesâ meceÙe mes keâÚJeene jepeeDeeW keâer Leer Deewj lelkeâeueerve jepee peÙeefmebn kegâÚ Fme Øekeâej keâe neslee nw efkeâ leceece megKe Deewj megefJeOeeSB Øeehle nesves kesâ
mes Kejeroer ieF& Leer~ neueeBefkeâ lelkeâeueerve FeflenemekeâejeW ves Fme yeele keâe GuuesKe yeeJepeto Fve MenjeW kesâ DeeefJeYee&Je mes heÙee&JejCeerÙe Dehekeâ<e&, ievoer yeefmleÙeeW Deewj
efkeâÙee nw efkeâ peÙeefmebn ves mJesÛÚe mes Ùen uesve-osve efkeâÙee Lee, uesefkeâve GheueyOe DeeyeeefoÙeeW keâe yemevee, veiejerÙe iejeryeer, yesjespeieejer, DehejeOe, Dejepekeâlee Deewj
heâjceeveeW (Meener DeeosMe) mes helee Ûeuelee nw efkeâ cekeâyeje yeveeves keâe keâeÙe& Meg™ ÙeeleeÙeele DeJÙeJemLee kesâ mebkesâle efceueles nQ~ uesefkeâve JeemleefJekeâlee keäÙee nw? JeemleJe
efkeâS peeves kesâ ueieYeie oes Je<e& lekeâ Yeer Deefvlece keâercele leÙe veneR nes heeF& Leer~ ceW, Ùen DeeMÛeÙe&pevekeâ nw efkeâ efJekeâemeMeerue osMeeW ceW efheÚues 50 Je<eeX ceW Menjer
pevemebKÙee ceW Je<e& 1950 mes 30 efceefueÙeve mes Je<e& 2000 lekeâ 2 efyeefueÙeve lekeâ
peÙeeEmen keâe Deewj menÙeesie 1632 Deewj 1637 F&. kesâ yeerÛe peejer efkeâS ieS Gve
keâer DeYetlehetJe& ™he mes Je=efæ nesves kesâ yeeo Yeer efJeMJe ves yegjer lejn veneR, yeefukeâ
Meener DeeosMeeW kesâ peefjS megefveefMÛele efkeâÙee ieÙee Lee, efpeveceW ceeBie keâer ieF& Leer efkeâ
efkeâleveer DeÛÚer lejn mes Fmekeâe meecevee efkeâÙee nw~ meeceevÙe ™he mes Menjer peerJeve
Jen Deheves hetJe&peeW keâer efjÙeemele kesâ Devoj heÌ[ves Jeeues cekeâjevee keâer KeeveeW mes
keâer iegCeJeòee ceW peue keâer GheueyOelee Deewj meHeâeF& kesâ ØeyevOe, efyepeueer, mJeemLÙe
Deeieje lekeâ jepeefcem$eer Deewj mebiecejcej ues peeves Jeeueer yewueieeefÌ[ÙeeB cegnwÙee
Deewj efMe#ee, mebÛeej Deewj heefjJenve JÙeJemLee keâer Âef<š mes megOeej ngDee nw~
keâjJeeSiee, peneB leepecenue Deewj Deeieje kesâ efkeâues keâe MeenpeneB Éeje efkeâÙee peeves
GoenjCele: SefMeÙeeF& efJeMeeue osMeeW pewmes efkeâ Ûeerve, Yeejle, FC[esvesefMeÙee Deewj
Jeeuee heefjJeOe&ve mecyevOeer efvecee&Ce keâeÙe& meeLe-meeLe efkeâÙee pee jne Lee~
efHeâefueheervme kesâ Menjer #es$eeW ceW DeefOekeâebMe efveJeeefmeÙeeW keâes Gvvele peue megefJeOeeSB
Fme cekeâyejs keâe keâeÙe& 1632 F&. kesâ DeejcYe ceW Meg™ efkeâÙee ieÙee Lee~ efueefKele GheueyOe keâje oer ieF& nQ~
meyetleeW mes helee Ûeuelee nw efkeâ DeefOekeâebMe iegcyeo keâe keâeÙe& 1636 F&. lekeâ hetje nes
Fmekesâ yeeJepeto 20JeeR Meleeyoer kesâ efheÚues oMekeâ kesâ oewjeve kegâue Menjer pevemebKÙee
ieÙee Lee~ 1643 F&. ceW MeenpeneB ves cegceleepe cenue keâe Gme& meceejesn yengle
keâer ØeefleMelelee kesâ Devegmeej Gvvele peue JÙeJemLee keâer GheueyOelee ceW keâceer DeeF& nw~
Oetce-Oeece mes ceveeÙee Lee, Ùen mechetCe& heefjmej JeemleJe ceW, hetje nes ieÙee Lee~
neueeBefkeâ Fme Demeerce pevemebKÙee ceW mes ueeKeeW Deefleefjkeäle Menjer efveJeeefmeÙeeW keâes
1. leepecenue kesâ efvecee&Ce kesâ efueS ØeÙeesie efkeâÙee peeves Jeeuee ceeye&ue helLej jepee Gvvele peue megefJeOeeSB GheueyOe keâje oer ieF& nQ~ Fve osMeeW ves mJeÛÚlee mesJeeDeeW ceW
peÙeefmebn keâer hewle=keâ efjÙeemele mes ueeÙee ieÙee Lee~ Gme mLeeve keâe veece peneB cenòJehetCe& ™he mes Øeieefle keâer nw, meeLe ner Skeâ oMekeâ ceW (1990-2000) 293
ceeye&ue keâer KeeveW heeF& peeleer nQ, keäÙee nw? efceefueÙeve mes DeefOekeâ veeieefjkeâeW kesâ Deefleefjkeäle pevemecetn kesâ efueS Yeer mesJeeSB
(a) yegjnevehegj (b) cekeâjevee GheueyOe keâjeF& nQ~ Fve megOeejeW kesâ efJe<eÙe ceW lespeer mes yeÌ{leer ngF& Menjer pevemebKÙee
(c) Deecyesj (d) peÙehegj
kesâ he=<"-heš, jepekeâes<eerÙe Ûejcejenš Deewj efkeäue<š ceeveJe mebmeeOeveeW leLee
2. ØeÛeefuele veece leepecenue efkeâmekesâ Éeje efoÙee ieÙee Lee? iegCeJeòee-GvcegKe ueeskeâ-ØeyevOe kesâ ceodosvepej efJeÛeej efkeâÙee peevee ÛeeefnS~
(a) MeenpeneB
(b) heÙe&škeâeW 1. efJekeâemeMeerue osMeeW ceW MenjerkeâjCe Øeef›eâÙee keâe ØeÛeefuele Âef<škeâesCe nw
(c) pevelee (a) mekeâejelcekeâ (b) vekeâejelcekeâ
(d) ÙetjesefheÙeve Ùeeef$eÙeeW (c) lešmLe (d) Deefvee|o<š
{hÝXr 21
2. efJekeâemeMeerue osMeeW ceW Je<e& 1950 mes 2000 lekeâ Menjer veeieefjkeâeW keâer Deewmele efvejeceÙe Debie ueieekeâj Mejerj keâes mJemLe SJeb meeceevÙe keäÙeeW veneR yeveeÙee pee
Deeieceve Je=efæ efkeâmekesâ keâjerye Leer? mekeâlee? MeuÙe-efÛeefkeâlmekeâeW ves Fme oeefÙelJehetCe& Ûegveewleer keâes mJeerkeâej efkeâÙee leLee
(a) 30 efceefueÙeve (b) 40 efceefueÙeve efvejblej DeOÙeJemeeÙe, hetCe& meeOevee kesâ Deveblej Debie-ØelÙeejesheCe kesâ #es$e ceW
(c) 50 efceefueÙeve (d) 60 efceefueÙeve meheâuelee Øeehle keâer~ Debie-ØelÙeejesheCe keâe GodosMÙe nw efkeâ ceveg<Ùe oerIee&Ùeg Øeehle
3. MenjerkeâjCe keâer JeemleefJekeâlee Øeefleefyeefcyele nesleer nw keâj mekesâ~ ÙeneB Ùen OÙeeleJÙe nw efkeâ ceeveJe Mejerj nj efkeâmeer kesâ Debie keâes Gmeer
(a) efmLeefle keâes efkeâleveer DeÛÚer lejn mes JÙeJeefmLele efkeâÙee ieÙee nw Øekeâej mJeerkeâej veneR keâjlee, efpeme Øekeâej nj efkeâmeer keâe jkeäle Gmes mJeerkeâeÙe& veneR
(b) efmLeefle efkeâleveer yegjer lejn mes efveÙev$eCe mes yeenj nes ieF& nw neslee~
(c) MenjerkeâjCe keâer jHeäleej efkeâleveer lespe jner nw
(d) heÙee&JejCe ceW efkeâleveer lespeer mes efiejeJeš DeeF& nw 1. ceeveJe keâes me=ef<š keâe ueIeg ¤he ceeves peeves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw?
(a) ceeveJe ceW DehejepesÙe Meefkeäle nw
4. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâmekeâes Menjer peerJeve keâer iegCeJeòee keâe metÛekeâ veneR (b) ceeveJe ceve ceW pees Ieefšle neslee nw, Jener me=ef<š ceW Ieefšle neslee nw
ceevee peelee nw? (c) ueIeg ceeveJe ner efJeOeelee keâer meÛÛeer me=ef<š nw
(a) MenjerkeâjCe keâer ieefle (d) ceve keâer Meefkeäle DehejepesÙe nw
(b) cetue mesJeeDeeW keâe ØeeJeOeeve
(c) meeceeefpekeâ megKe-megefJeOeeDeeW lekeâ hengBÛe 2. meeefnlÙekeâejeW ves ceeveJe meeQoÙe& kesâ JeCe&ve kesâ efueS efkeâmekeâe ØeÙeesie efkeâÙee nw?
(d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer (a) keâuhevee keâe (b) ÙeLeeLe& keâe
(c) DeØemlegle Gheceeve keâe (d) Øemlegle Gheceeve keâe
5. uesKekeâ ves Fme DevegÛÚso ceW efkeâme efJe<eÙe hej OÙeeve kesâefvõle keâjves keâe ØeÙeeme
efkeâÙee nw? 3. ceeveJe meeQoÙe& kesâ efueS efkeâme Øekeâej kesâ Gheceeve efoS ieS nQ?
(a) %eeve keâe efJemleej (b) heÙee&JejCeerÙe Ûeslevee (a) DeodYegle (b) DeefÉleerÙe
(c) efJeMues<eCeelcekeâ leee|keâkeâlee (d) JeCe&veelcekeâ DeefYekeâLeve (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW (d) DelegueveerÙe
6. Ghejeskeäle DevegÛÚso ceW uesKekeâ keäÙee DeefYeJÙekeäle keâjvee Ûeenlee nw? 4. ceeveJe Mejerj keâes Ùeb$eJeled keäÙeeW keâne ieÙee nw?
(a) Menjer peerJeve keâer keâef"veeFÙeeB (a) ÂÌ{ ceebmehesefMeÙeeW Deewj DeJeÙeJeeW mes efveefce&le nesves kesâ keâejCe
(b) Menjer peerJeve keâer JÙeLee (b) DeJeÙeJe ¤heer hegpeeX kesâ efJeke=âle nesves mes Mejerj kesâ Ùeb$eJeled efveef<›eâÙe nes
(c) ceeveJe Øeieefle keâer peeie®keâlee peeves kesâ keâejCe
(d) efJekeâeme keâer meerceeSB (c) Ùeb$e keâer YeeBefle ueeJeCÙeceÙe nesves kesâ keâejCe
(d) me=ef<š keâer Deveghece ke=âefle nesves kesâ keâejCe
~moY 17 5. JÙeefkeäle keâer ce=lÙeg efkeâme keâejCe nes mekeâleer nw?
efJeOeelee-jefÛele Fme me=ef<š keâe efmejceewj nw ceveg<Ùe, Gmekeâer keâejeriejer keâe meJeexòece (a) DeefOekeâ keâeÙe& keâjves mes (b) iegoe& Kejeye nesves mes
vecetvee~ Fme ceeveJe keâes yeÇÿeeC[ keâe ueIeg ¤he ceevekeâj YeejleerÙe oeMe&efvekeâeW ves (c) efkeâmeer Debie kesâ efJeke=âle nesves mes (d) efveef<›eâÙe yeves jnves mes
‘Ùeled’ efheC[s lele yeÇÿeeC[s’ keâer keâuhevee keâer Leer~ Gvekeâer Ùen keâuhevee cee$e 6. MeuÙe efÛeefkeâlmekeâeW Éeje mJeerkeâej keâer ieF& oeefÙelJehetCe& Ûegveewleer keäÙee Leer?
keâuhevee veneR Leer, ØelÙegle ÙeLeeLe& Yeer Leer, keäÙeeWefkeâ ceeveJe-ceve ceW pees efJeÛeejCee kesâ (a) ceeveJe Mejerj keâes Decej yeveevee
¤he ceW Ieefšle neslee nw, Gmekeâe ke=âefle ¤he ner lees me=ef<š nw~ ceve lees ceve, ceeveJe keâe (b) MeuÙe efÛeefkeâlmee keâes cenòJe osvee
Mejerj Yeer DeØeeflece nw~ osKeves ceW Fmemes YeJÙe, Deekeâ<e&keâ SJeb ueeJeCÙeceÙe ¤he (c) Debie-ØelÙeejesheCe Éeje Mejerj keâes mJemLe SJeb meeceevÙe yeveevee
me=ef<š ceW DebÙe$e keâneB nw? DeodYegle SJeb DeefÉleerÙe nw ceeveJe-meeQoÙe&~ meeefnlÙekeâejeW (d) peerCe&-#eerCe& Mejerj kesâ mLeeve hej mJemLe Mejerj osvee
ves Fmekesâ ¤he-meeQoÙe& kesâ JeCe&ve kesâ efueS efkeâleves ner DeØemlegle GheceeveeW keâe efJeOeeve 7. MeuÙe efÛeefkeâlmekeâeW keâe cetue GodosMÙe keäÙee Lee?
efkeâÙee nw Deewj Fme meeQoÙe& jeefMe mes meYeer keâes DeehÙeeefÙele keâjves kesâ efueS Deveskeâ (a) meeOeve mebhevve efÛeefkeâlmeeueÙe Keesuevee
keâeJÙe me=ef<šÙeeB jÛe [eueer nQ~ meeefnlÙeMeeefm$eÙeeW ves Yeer Fmeer ceeveJe keâer YeeJeveeDeeW (b) Tlekeâ hejer#eCe keâjvee
keâe efJeJesÛeve keâjles ngS Deveskeâ jmeeW keâe efve¤heCe efkeâÙee nw~ hejbleg Jew%eeefvekeâ Âef<š (c) Debie-ØelÙeejesheCe kesâ #es$e ceW DevegmebOeeve keâjvee
mes efJeÛeej efkeâÙee peeS, lees ceeveJe-Mejerj keâes Skeâ peefšue Ùeb$e mes Gheefcele efkeâÙee (d) MeuÙe efÛeefkeâlmee Éeje ceeveJe keâes oerIee&Ùeg Øeoeve keâjvee
pee mekeâlee nw~ efpeme Øekeâej Ùeb$e kesâ Skeâ hegpex ceW oes<e Dee peeves hej meeje Ùeb$e 8. Debie-ØelÙeejesheCe mes hetJe& efkeâmes DeefveJeeÙe& ceevee ieÙee nw?
ieÌ[yeÌ[e peelee nw, yeskeâej nes peelee nw Gmeer Øekeâej ceeveJe-Mejerj kesâ efJeefYevve (a) jkeäle Jeie& keâe hejer#eCe (b) Tlekeâ hejer#eCe
DeJeÙeJeeW ceW mes Ùeefo keâesF& Skeâ DeJeÙeJe Yeer efyeieÌ[ peelee nw, lees Gmekeâe ØeYeeJe meejs (c) ùoÙe keâe hejer#eCe (d) mebhetCe& Mejerj keâe hejer#eCe
Mejerj hej heÌ[lee nw~ Flevee ner veneR, iegox pewmes keâesceue SJeb veepegkeâ efnmmes kesâ 9. MeuÙe efÛeefkeâlmee kesâ #es$e ceW efÛeefkeâlmekeâeW keâer meheâuelee keâe jnmÙe keäÙee nw?
Kejeye nes peeves mes Ùen ieefleMeerue JehegÙeb$e SkeâeSkeâ DeJe®æ nes mekeâlee nw, JÙeefkeäle (a) oeefÙelJehetCe& Ûegveewleer (b) efvejblej Tlekeâ hejer#eCe
keâer ce=lÙeg nes mekeâleer nw~ (c) DeeJeMÙekeâlee keâer keâceer (d) efvejblej ßecehetCe& meeOevee
Skeâ Debie kesâ efJeke=âle nesves hej meeje Mejerj obef[le nes, Jen keâeuekeâJeefuele nes 10. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâmekesâ Deefleefjkeäle Mejerj kesâ meYeer DebieeW keâe ØelÙeejesheCe
peeS–Ùen efJeÛeejCeerÙe nw~ Ùeefo efkeâmeer Ùeb$e kesâ hegpex keâes yeouekeâj Gmekesâ mLeeve mebYeJe nes ieÙee nw?
hej Skeâ veÙee hegpee& ueieekeâj Ùeb$e keâes hetJe&Jeled megÛee® SJeb JÙeJeefmLele ¤he mes (a) Ùeke=âle kesâ (b) ùoÙe kesâ
ef›eâÙeeMeerue yeveeÙee pee mekeâlee nw, lees Mejerj kesâ efJeke=âle Debie kesâ mLeeve hej veJÙe (c) ceefmle<keâ kesâ (d) iegoe& kesâ
~moY 18 4. DemeHeâue JÙeefkeäle efkeâmekeâes oes<eer "njelee jnlee nw?

(a) ogYee&iÙe keâes (b) menejs kesâ DeYeeJe keâes
keâesF& Deheves ogYee&iÙe keâes keâesme jne nw, keâesF& Deheveer heeefjJeeefjkeâ oervelee keâes oes<eer (c) heeefjJeeefjkeâ oervelee keâes (d) Ùes meYeer
yelee jne nw, keâesF& menejs kesâ DeYeeJe keâes Deheveer DemeHeâuelee keâe DeeOeej ceeve jne
5. DemeHeâue JÙeefkeäle otmejeW mes keäÙee Dehes#ee jKelee nw?
nw—yengle mes DemeHeâue JÙeefkeäle Fmeer lejn Deveskeâ keâejCeeW keâes Deheveer DemeHeâuelee (a) Oeve Øeeefhle keâer (b) og:Ke ceW meeLe osves keâer
keâe DeeOeej ceeveles nQ, efJeefYevve keâejCeeW keâer keâuhevee keâj neLe-hej-neLe Oejs yew"s (c) ue#Ùe Øeeefhle keâe ceeie& efoKeeves keâer
jnles nQ~ Jes Deheves peerJeve ceW kegâÚ keâj veneR heeles~ Jes meceepe kesâ efueS, mebmeej kesâ (d) ØelÙeskeâ keâeÙe& keâjkesâ osves keâer
efueS kegâÚ veneR keâj heeles~
6. ‘yejmeeleer yeeoue kesâ šgkeâÌ[’s mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw?
Ssmes ceveg<ÙeeW keâes peerJeve ceW keâesF& jen veneR efceueleer, keâesF& Ûeeje veneR efoKelee~ Jes (a) #eefCekeâ (b) megneJevee
otmejeW mes Dehes#ee keâjles nQ efkeâ keâesF& GvnW efkeâmeer ue#Ùe Øeeefhle keâe ceeie& efoKeeS, (c) DelÙeble efJeMeeue (d) ceveesnj
meHeâuelee keâer meerÌ{er yeleeS, efpememes Jes Gme hej Deemeeveer mes ÛeÌ{ mekeWâ~ eEkeâleg, Ssmes 7. nceejer ceeveefmekeâ MeefkeäleÙeeW keâe #eerCe Ùee ogye&ue nesvee efkeâme hej efveYe&j keâjlee
ueesieeW keâes Ùen Yeueer-YeeBefle peevevee ÛeeefnS efkeâ peneB Ûeen nw, JeneR jen nw~ nceejer nw?
FÛÚeMeefkeäle mJeÙeb nceejs efueS ceeie& yevee osleer nw~ DeÛÚs keâeÙe& ceW Oeve keâer Gleveer (a) ùoÙe hej (b) ceefmle<keâ hej
DeeJeMÙekeâlee veneR nesleer, efpeleveer FÛÚeMeefkeäle keâer nesleer nw~ ‘Sceme&ve’ ves "erkeâ ner (c) FÛÚeMeefkeäle hej (d) Meejerefjkeâ keâejkeâeW hej
keâne nw efkeâ Fefleneme, hegjeCe meYeer mee#eer nQ efkeâ ceveg<Ùe kesâ ÂÌ{ mebkeâuhe kesâ Deeies 8. kewâmes ueesieeW keâes Ùen Yeueer-YeeBefle peevevee ÛeeefnS efkeâ peneB Ûeen nw, JeneR jen
osJe-oeveJe meYeer hejeefpele nesles jns nQ~ ÂÌ{ FÛÚeMeefkeäle ves YeieJeeve lekeâ keâes IebšeW nw?
keâÛÛes Oeeies mes yeeBOekeâj veÛeeÙee nw~ (a) meHeâuelee Øeehle ueesieeW keâes (b) DemeHeâue ueesieeW keâes
neB, Flevee OÙeeve jKevee nesiee efkeâ nceejer Ûeen yejmeeleer yeeoue keâe Skeâ šgkeâÌ[e ve (c) mJeeLeea ueesieeW keâes (d) meceepe-mesJeer ueesieeW keâes
nes, efpemes nJee keâe Skeâ PeeWkeâe efpeOej Ûeens GÌ[ekeâj ues peeS~ Ùeefo nceejer 9. ÂÌ{ FÛÚeMeefkeäle kesâ heefjCeeceeW keâes efkeâmekesâ GoenjCe Éeje oMee&Ùee ieÙee nw?
FÛÚeMeefkeäle #egõ Deewj ogye&ue nesieer, lees nceejer ceeveefmekeâ MeefkeäleÙeeW keâe keâeÙe& Yeer (a) jece kesâ (b) ÛeeCekeäÙe kesâ
Jewmee ner nesiee~ mJeeceer efJeJeskeâevebo keâe efoJÙe JeÛeve nw efkeâ heefJe$e Deewj ÂÌ{ FÛÚe (c) vesleepeer megYee<eÛebõ yeesme kesâ (d) Ùes meYeer
meJe&Meefkeäleceeve nw~ 10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
Dele: Ùen veerefle "erkeâ nw efkeâ nceejer Ûeen ner jemlee yevee peeleer nw~ DebOekeâej mes (a) Oeve Øeeefhle kesâ meeOeve hej (b) jece veece keâer ceefncee hej
DeeÛÚvve ceeveJe ves keâYeer FÛÚe JÙekeäle keâer Leer efkeâ ØekeâeMe nes Deewj ØekeâeMe nes (c) efMe#ee kesâ cenlJe hej (d) ÂÌ{ FÛÚeMeefkeäle hej
ieÙee~ ceveg<Ùe keâer Fme Ûeen, Fme ueieve, Fme Glkeâš FÛÚe-Ûecelkeâej keâer
Deveefievele keâneefveÙeeB nQ~ ~moY 19
peye DeeleleeÙeer jeJeCe ßeerjeceJeuueYee meerlee keâes njkeâj uebkeâe ues ieÙee, leye jece Je=æeJemLee keâer mecemÙee ceMeerveerke=âle efJeMJe keâer Ghepe nw, pees nceejs osMe lekeâ ner
keâes helee Ûeuee efkeâ ceeie& ceW mecegõ JÙeJeOeeve yevekeâj KeÌ[e nw~ jece kesâ Deblece&ve ceW meerefcele veneR nw~ Ùen yengle mes efJekeâefmele osMeeW keâe Yeer efmejoo& nw~ henues DeefOekeâebMe
meerlee Øeeefhle keâer Ûeen ves meeiej hej mesleg-efvecee&Ce efkeâÙee~ ÛeeCekeäÙe kesâ heeme DeeefKej ueesie 45-50 Je<e& keâer Gceü ceW Je=æ nes peeles Les~ efkebâleg Deye Je=æeJemLee ueieYeie
Lee keäÙee? eEkeâleg, vebo meeceüepÙe kesâ efJeveeMe kesâ Glkeâš mebkeâuhe ves Gvekesâ efueS mesJee efveJe=efòe Ùee mee" Je<eeX kesâ yeeo ner ceeveer peeleer nw~ DeeOegefvekeâ Ùegie ceW
ceeie&-efvecee&Ce keâj efoÙee Lee~ nceejs DeeoMe& vesleepeer megYee<eÛebõ yeesme kesâ heeme keäÙee Je=æeJemLee keâeHeâer osj mes Deeleer nw leLee DeeÙeg keâe ØeYeeJe Yeer Oeerjs-Oeerjs Gpeeiej
meeOeve Lee? eEkeâleg, Deb«es]peeW keâes Yeiee osves keâer ÂÌ{ Ûeen ves Gvemes Fleveer yeÌ[er neslee nw~ DeewÅeesieerkeâjCe SJeb heefMÛeceer meYÙelee kesâ keâejCe, mebÙegkeäle heefjJeej kesâ
‘Dee]peeo eEno ]heâewpe’ keâer mLeehevee keâje oer Leer~ heb. ceoveceesnve ceeueJeerÙe kesâ heeme štšves kesâ heefjCeecemJe™he leLee nceejs efmeæebleeW ceW heefjJele&ve kesâ keâejCe Je=æ JÙeefkeäle
keâewve-mee kegâyesj keâes<e Lee? eEkeâleg, GvneWves yeveejme eEnot efJeMJeefJeÅeeueÙe keâer keâF& iebYeerj mecemÙeeDeeW mes petPeles nQ SJeb Gvekeâe peerJeve JeemleJe ceW keâ<škeâj nes
mLeehevee keâer, Gvekeâer Fme ueieve ves meejs efJeIveeW keâes keâeškeâj ceeie& yevee efoÙee~ peelee nw~ Je=æeJemLee ceW Je=æ JÙeefkeäle Deheves yeÛÛeeW mes Meejerefjkeâ, veweflekeâ, efJeòeerÙe
1. DeefOekeâebMe DemeHeâue JÙeefkeäle kegâÚ efJeMes<e keäÙeeW veneR keâj heeles nQ? SJeb YeeJeveelcekeâ menejs keâer pe™jle cenmetme keâjles nQ Deewj yeÛÛes Deheves YeefJe<Ùe
(a) otmejeW keâes oes<eer "njeves kesâ keâejCe keâes meBJeejves keâer mecemÙeeDeeW SJeb heeefjJeeefjkeâ peerJeve ceW Fleves GuePes nesles nQ efkeâ Jes
(b) otmejeW mes F&<Ùee&-És<e kesâ keâejCe Deheves ceelee-efhelee keâer pe™jleeW hej OÙeeve osves leLee Gvekeâer YeeJevee keâes mebleg<š
(c) mJeÙeb keâes ceneve mecePeves kesâ keâejCe keâjves ceW DeÙeesiÙe nesles nQ~ Je=æ JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâes heefjJeej SJeb meceepe hej yeesPe SJeb
(d) F&MJej keâes ceeveves kesâ keâejCe Leeshes ieS meomÙe keâer YeeJevee mes «eefmele neskeâj ueesie Gvekeâer Ghes#ee keâjles nQ~
yeÛÛes, heew$e-heewef$eÙeeB Deewj Iejsuet veewkeâj lekeâ Gvekeâer Deesj OÙeeve veneR osles SJeb nj
2. ceeveJe ves kewâmeer FÛÚe JÙekeäle keâer Leer?
(a) DebOekeâej nesves keâer (b) ØekeâeMe nes peeves keâer
yeele hej Gvekeâe eflejmkeâej keâjles nQ~ Je=æ JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ Øeefle Gvekeâe jJewÙee
(c) Oeve Øeehle keâjves keâer (d) DemeHeâue ve nesves keâer
DeJeceeveveehetCe& SJeb Deheceevepevekeâ neslee nw~ peye Ssmeer yeeleW nesleer nQ, lees Je=æ
JÙeefkeäle efvejeMee kesâ DeLeen meeiej ceW [tye peeles nQ~ Fme efvejeMee mes Jes Meejerefjkeâ SJeb
3. DeÛÚs keâeÙe& keâjves ceW efkeâmekeâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee DeefOekeâ nesleer nw? ceeveefmekeâ leveeJe ceW jnles nQ~ Je=æ JÙeefkeäle Yeer efJeefÛe$e mJeYeeJe Éeje Deheveer
(a) Oeve keâer (b) FÛÚeMeefkeäle keâer Øeefleef›eâÙee JÙekeäle keâjles nQ leLee ÙegJee ueesieeW mes uebyes leke&â keâjkesâ mJeÙeb keâes cetKe&
(c) ceOegj JeÛeveeW keâer (d) osJeleeDeeW kesâ DeeMeeaJeeo keâer yeveeles nQ, keäÙeeWefkeâ Gvekesâ leke&â keâesF& megvevee veneR Ûeenlee~ Jes mener nes mekeâles nQ,
{hÝXr 23
efkebâleg Gvekeâer Gceü mener veneR nesleer~ Gvekesâ DeÛÚs keâeÙe& Yeer hemebo veneR efkeâS peeles~
ÙeneB lekeâ efkeâ peye Jes ÙegJeeDeeW hej Deheves hÙeej keâer Je<ee& keâjles nQ, lees GvnW TBÛeer
~moY 20
DeeJeepe ceW yeesuekeâj Deheceeefvele efkeâÙee peelee nw~ efpeme Øekeâej nceejs Mejerj kesâ efueS Yeespeve DeeJeMÙekeâ nw, Gmeer Øekeâej nceejs
ceefmle<keâ keâes Yeer Yeespeve keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nesleer nw~ ceefmle<keâ keâe meJeexòece
Je=æeJemLee keâer mecemÙeeDeeW kesâ meceeOeeve keâeHeâer Deemeeve SJeb nceejer hengBÛe kesâ Yeespeve hegmlekeWâ nQ~ Fvekeâe Dehevee ner Deevebo nw, pees efkeâmeer DevÙe Jemleg mes veneR
Deboj nQ~ Ùen mecemÙee DeeOegefvekeâ meceÙe keâer Ghepe nw, Fmekeâe meceeOeeve Je=æeW kesâ efceue mekeâlee~ DeOÙeÙeve keâjles meceÙe nce peerJeve keâer eEÛeleeDeeW Deewj og:KeeW keâes
efueS Deueie DeeJeeme yeveevee veneR nw, yeefukeâ Gvekeâe OÙeeve jKevee, hÙeej SJeb mvesn Yetue peeles nQ~
osvee nw~ nceW Ùen OÙeeve jKevee ÛeeefnS efkeâ nce Yeer Skeâ efove Je=æ neWieW Deewj Ùeefo
nceejs yeÛÛes Yeer nceejs meeLe Ssmee JÙeJenej keâjWies, lees nce Yeer Øemevve SJeb KegMe DeOÙeÙeve keâF& Øekeâej keâe neslee nw~ henuee Øekeâej, nukeâe-Hegâukeâe DeOÙeÙeve DeLee&led
veneR jn mekeWâies~ FmeefueS Deheveer ØeJe=efòe ceW mekeâejelcekeâ heefjJele&ve ner Skeâcee$e meceeÛeej-he$eeW, he$e-heef$ekeâeDeeW Deeefo keâer heÌ{eF& keâjvee neslee nw, efpevemes Jele&ceeve
meceeOeeve nw~ leYeer nce Fme mecemÙee keâes meceehle keâjves ceW me#ece neWies~ keâer IešveeDeeW kesâ efJe<eÙe ceW efJemle=le %eeve Øeehle neslee nw~ Fvekesâ Éeje nceW efJeMJe kesâ
ØelÙeskeâ Yeeie keâer IešveeDeeW Deewj ef›eâÙeekeâueeheeW kesâ efJe<eÙe ceW meye kegâÚ helee Ûeuelee
1. Je=æeJemLee keâer mecemÙee efkeâme peerJeve-Mewueer keâer osve nw?
jnlee nw~ Deepe kesâ Ùegie ceW nce Fme Øekeâej kesâ nukesâ-Hegâukesâ DeOÙeÙeve mes Deueie
(a) heewjeefCekeâ (b) ™efÌ{Jeeoer
(c) ceMeerveerke=âle (d) meeceeefpekeâ veneR jn mekeâles~ efyevee meceeÛeej-he$eeW kesâ nce kegâSB kesâ ceW{keâ kesâ meceeve nes peeSBies~
FmeefueS Ssmes DeOÙeÙeve keâes, pees DeeveboceÙe nw Deewj efMe#eeØeo Yeer, DeveosKee veneR
2. DeeOegefvekeâ Ùegie ceW Je=æeJemLee SJeb DeeÙeg keâe ØeYeeJe efkeâme Øekeâej Gpeeiej
efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee~ Fmekesâ yeeo Ùee$ee Deewj meenefmekeâ keâeÙeeX mes mebyeæ hegmlekeWâ
neslee nw?
(a) DelÙeble leerJeÇ ieefle mes (b) Oeerjs-Oeerjs mes Deeleer nQ~ meeceevÙeleÙee JÙeefkeäle owefvekeâ peerJeve keâer keâ"esj JeemleefJekeâleeDeeW mes otj
(c) meceeve ieefle mes (d) Demeceeve ieefle mes Yeeievee Ûeenlee nw, eEkeâleg meenefmekeâ keâeÙe& keâjves keâer YeeJevee ceeveJe kesâ jkeäle ceW nesleer
nw~ Ùee$ee Deewj meenefmekeâ keâeÙeeX keâe JeCe&ve keâjves Jeeueer hegmlekeWâ nceejs ceve ceW Yeer
3. mebÙegkeäle heefjJeej kesâ štšves keâe keäÙee keâejCe yeleeÙee ieÙee nw?
(a) DeewÅeesieerkeâjCe (b) heefMÛeceer meYÙelee meenme Deewj efveYeeakeâlee keâer YeeJevee hewoe keâjleer nQ~ Keeueer meceÙe keâes Deevebo mes
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW (d) megefveÙeesefpele peerJeve-Mewueer efyeleeves keâe meyemes DeÛÚe meeOeve nw, GhevÙeeme~ Meece kesâ meceÙe DeLeJee ieeÌ[er ceW
4. Je=æ JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâes keâF& mecemÙeeDeeW keâe meecevee keäÙeeW keâjvee heÌ[ jne nw? Ùee$ee keâjles meceÙe GhevÙeeme heÌ{ves mes yesnlej keâesF& ceveesjbpeve veneR nw~ kegâÚ meceÙe
(a) mebÙegkeäle heefjJeej kesâ štšves kesâ keâejCe kesâ efueS hee"keâ Deheves JÙeefkeälelJe Deewj meòee keâes ner Yetue peelee nw~ Jen GhevÙeeme
(b) efmeæebleeW ceW heefjJele&ve kesâ keâejCe kesâ efkeâmeer Ûeefj$e kesâ meeLe Skeâekeâej nes peelee nw~
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW Fmemes Gmes Deheej megKe efceuelee nw~ Fvekesâ Deefleefjkeäle iebYeerj DeOÙeÙeve keâer hegmlekeWâ
(d) mJeÙeb kesâ JÙeJenej kesâ keâejCe nesleer nQ~ efpeveceW meeefnlÙe, Fefleneme, oMe&ve Deeefo keâer hegmlekeWâ Yeer Deeleer nQ, pees
5. Dehevee YeefJe<Ùe megOeejves keâer mecemÙeeDeeW SJeb heeefjJeeefjkeâ peerJeve ceW GuePes meYeer keâeue ceW heÌ{er peeves ÙeesiÙe ke=âefleÙeeB nesleer nQ~ Ssmeer hegmlekeWâ iebYeerj Deewj
jnves keâe keäÙee heefjCeece neslee nw? efJeÛeejMeerue JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ efueS nesleer nQ~ meeefnlÙe keâe efJeÅeeLeea meYeer ÙegieeW kesâ
(a) ceelee-efhelee keâer pe™jle hej OÙeeve ve os heevee meJeexlke=â<š efJeÉeveeW kesâ mebheke&â ceW Deelee nw Deewj Deheves eEÛeleve kesâ efueS GheÙeesieer
(b) Deheves peerJeve kesâ mJee|Cece #eCeeW keâes ve<š keâj osvee Deenej Øeehle keâjlee nw~ Jes Gmes peerJeve kesâ DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ cetuÙeeW keâer hetjer peevekeâejer
(c) peerJeve kesâ JeemleefJekeâ Deevebo ceW heefjefÛele ve nesvee osles nQ~ Fme Øekeâej Jen Deheves peerJeve keâes ßes<" Deewj ceneved yevee mekeâlee nw~
(d) efvejeMee SJeb nleeMe peerJeve-Mewueer
Gmekeâe Âef<škeâesCe JÙeehekeâ nes peelee nw Deewj ceeveJe kesâ Øeefle Gmekeâer menevegYetefle
6. Je=æeJemLee ceW Je=æ JÙeefkeäle efkeâmekeâer pe™jle cenmetme keâjles nQ? yeÌ{ peeleer nw~ yeskeâve ves keâne Lee efkeâ ‘‘kegâÚ hegmlekeâeW keâe kesâJeue mJeeo ÛeKevee
(a) veweflekeâ (b) efJeòeerÙe
ÛeeefnS, kegâÚ keâes efveieue peevee ÛeeefnS Deewj kegâÚ keâes DeÛÚer Øekeâej mes Ûeyeekeâj
(c) YeeJeveelcekeâ (d) Ùes meYeer
heÛee uesvee ÛeeefnS~’’ efkeâmeer hegmlekeâ keâes hee"dÙe-hegmlekeâ kesâ ™he ceW heÌ{ves mes
7. Je=æ JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ Øeefle efkeâvekeâe jJewÙee Deheceevepevekeâ neslee nw? DeefveJeeÙe&lee keâer YeeJevee Dee peeleer nw~ Ùen DeefveJeeÙe&lee GheÙeesieer nes mekeâleer nw,
(a) yeÛÛes keâe (b) Iejsuet veewkeâj keâe hejbleg Gmemes ®efÛe keâe nveve nes peelee nw~ hegmlekeâeW keâe JeemleefJekeâ Øesceer lees nj
(c) heew$e-heewef$eÙeeB keâe (d) Ùes meYeer
meceÙe Fvekeâer mebieefle ceW Deevebo keâe DevegYeJe keâjlee nw~ heÌ{ves keâer Deeole ceveg<Ùe kesâ
8. Je=æ JÙeefkeäle efJeefÛe$e mJeYeeJe Éeje Deheveer Øeefleef›eâÙee kewâmes JÙekeäle keâjles nQ? meYÙe nesves keâe efÛeÖ nw~ Ùen ceveesjbpeve keâe DeÛÚe meeOeve nw Deewj Keeueer meceÙe
(a) uebyes leke&â keâjkesâ (b) menevegYetefle efoKeekeâj keâes JÙeleerle keâjves keâe meyemes DeÛÚe GheeÙe nw~ hegmlekeâeW keâe Ke]peevee efkeâmeer Yeer
(c) ueÌ[eF&-PeieÌ[e keâjkesâ (d) oÙeeueg yevekeâj jepee kesâ Ke]peeves mes yeÌ[e neslee nw~ hegmlekeWâ keâuee, meeefnlÙe, efJe%eeve Deewj %eeve™heer
9. Je=æeJemLee keâer mecemÙee keâe meceeOeeve kewâmes efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw? meesves keâer KeeveW nQ~
(a) Deueie DeeJeeme yeveekeâj (b) Gvekeâe OÙeeve jKekeâj
1. meeefnlÙe, Fefleneme, oMe&ve Deeefo mes mebyebefOele hegmlekeWâ efkeâme ßesCeer ceW Deeleer nQ?
(c) Gvemes yeeleÛeerle ve keâjkesâ (d) Gvemes otjer yeveekeâj
(a) meeceevÙe (b) iebYeerj
10. Je=æ JÙeefkeäle efvejeMee kesâ DeLeen meeiej ceW efkeâme keâejCe [tye peeles nQ? (c) meenefmekeâ (d) ceveesjbpeve
(a) DeJeceeveveehetCe& SJeb Deheceevepevekeâ JÙeJenej kesâ keâejCe
2. DeOÙeÙeve keâjles meceÙe ceveg<Ùe efkeâme ceveesoMee ceW hengBÛe peelee nw?
(b) veewkeâjer mes mesJee-efveJe=òe nes peeves kesâ keâejCe
(a) meeceevÙe (b) GÛÛe
(c) Meejerefjkeâ keâcepeesefjÙeeW kesâ keâejCe
(c) efvecve (d) ceOÙece
(d) Gceü yeerle peeves kesâ keâejCe
3. meceeÛeej-he$eeW kesâ DeYeeJe ceW ceveg<Ùe keâer oMee kewâmeer nes mekeâleer nw? ueewšeÙee~ Deblele: ceneYeejle keâe Ùegæ ngDee, efpememes mebhetCe& osMe MeleeefyoÙeeW lekeâ
(a) mJeeYeeefJekeâ (b) efveYeeakeâ peerJe kesâ meceeve keâcepeesj Deewj efveye&ue yevee jne~ 5,000 Je<e& yeerleves kesâ yeeo Yeer Yeejle Gme ieewjJe
(c) DeeveboceÙe (d) kegâSB kesâ ceW{keâ kesâ meceeve Deewj ceefncee keâes Øeehle keâjves ceW DemeceLe& jne nw~ Fme Øekeâej GÛÛe cenòJeekeâeb#ee
4. JÙeefkeäle kesâ ceve ceW meenme Deewj efveYeeakeâlee keâer YeeJevee keâye hewoe nesleer nw? osMeeW keâe efJeveeMe keâjleer nw Deewj Meebefle keâes ve<š keâj mekeâleer nw~
(a) Ùee$eeSB keâjkesâ (b) leke&â-efJeleke&â keâjkesâ efmekebâoj ceW Yeer efJeMJe-efJepeÙe keâer cenòJeekeâeb#ee Leer~ Gmeves Dehevee DeefYeÙeeve
(c) meenefmekeâ hegmlekeWâ heÌ{keâj (d) iebYeerj eEÛeleve keâjkesâ cewkeä[esefveÙee mes ØeejbYe efkeâÙee pees šêÙe, efheme&Ùee Deewj YeejleYetefce lekeâ Hewâuee~ SÛe.
5. uesKekeâ kesâ Devegmeej Keeueer meceÙe keâes Deevebo kesâ meeLe efyeleeves keâe meyemes peer. Jesume ves Deheveer hegmlekeâ ceW hee|meÙeve meeceüepÙe keâer jepeOeeveer hesefjmeheesefuepe keâes
DeÛÚe meeOeve keäÙee nw? nefLeÙeeves kesâ efueS efmekebâoj Éeje efkeâS ieS DeceeveJeerÙe DelÙeeÛeejeW keâe JeCe&ve
(a) efJeÉeveeW kesâ efJeÛeej megvevee (b) Ùee$eeSB keâjvee efkeâÙee nw~ Gmeves Deheves mewefvekeâeW keâes hee|meÙee Deewj heÌ[esmeer veiejeW keâes lenme-venme
(c) GhevÙeeme heÌ{vee (d) meceeÛeej-he$e heÌ{vee keâjves leLee meYeer JeÙemkeâeW keâes yeefue ÛeÌ{eves keâe DeeosMe efoÙee~ YeejleYetefce ceW Yeer
Gmekeâe JÙeJenej Fmemes DeÛÚe veneR Lee, ÙeÅeefhe heesjme kesâ meenme ves Fme osMe keâes
6. ceveg<Ùe kesâ meYÙe nesves keâe efÛeÖ efkeâmes ceevee ieÙee nw?
(a) Deeoj meefnle yeele keâjvee (b) heÌ{ves keâer Deeole
efJeveeMe mes yeÛee efueÙee~ peye efmekebâoj ceje lees Jen meeceüepÙe pees Gmeves otmejeW mes
(c) meYeer keâes meceeve mecePevee (d) Keeueer meceÙe JÙeleerle keâjvee Úervee Lee, Jen efÚvve-efYevve nes ieÙee~ ÛeejeW Deesj DeJÙeJemLee Deewj Dejepekeâlee
Hewâue ieF&~ Mes<e keâneveer efvece&ce leeveeMeener Deewj DemleJÙemlelee keâer nw~ nj mLeeve hej
7. iebYeerj DeOÙeÙeve keâer hegmlekeWâ efkeâvekeâe ceveesjbpeve keâjleer nQ? ØeebleerÙe MeemekeâeW ves Deheves Úesšs-Úesšs jepÙe yevee efueS~ ÛeejeW Deesj yesF&ceeveer Deewj
(a) meeceevÙe peve keâe (b) efJeÛeejMeerue JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâe DehejeOe keâe meeceüepÙe nes ieÙee Deewj Fve MeebeflehetCe& mLeeveeW hej peerJeve veejkeâerÙe nes
(c) meeefnlÙe kesâ efJeÅeee|LeÙeeW keâe (d) GÛÛe Jeie& kesâ JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâe
ieÙee, FmeerefueS keâne ieÙee nw efkeâ cenòJeekeâeb#ee keâe otmeje veece Dejepekeâlee nw~
8. hegmlekeâeW keâe Øesceer efkeâmekeâer mebieefle ceW nj meceÙe Deevebo keâe DevegYeJe keâjlee 1. mebmeej ceW leyeener ceÛeves keâe keäÙee keâejCe jne nw?
nw? (a) Ùegæ veerefle (b) Deveweflekeâlee
(a) efJeÉeveeW keâer (b) yegefæpeerefJeÙeeW keâer (c) DeeefOehelÙe peceeves keâer efuehmee (d) yebOeveeW keâer DeefOekeâlee
(c) DeOÙeehekeâeW keâer (d) hegmlekeâeW keâer
2. cenòJeekeâeb#ee Deewj veweflekeâlee kesâ mebIe<e& ceW keâewve peerlelee jne nw?
9. efkeâme Øekeâej kesâ DeOÙeÙeve keâer DeveosKeer veneR keâer pee mekeâleer nw? (a) ceveg<Ùe (b) veweflekeâlee
(a) efMe#eeØeo (b) DeevebooeÙekeâ (c) DelÙeeÛeejer (d) cenòJeekeâeb#ee
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW (d) iebYeerj
3. ceeveJelee efJejesOeer DehejeOeeW mes efkeâvekeâer Deelcee hej keâesF& ØeYeeJe veneR heÌ[e?
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe keâe meJee&efOekeâ GheÙegkeäle Meer<e&keâ keäÙee nesiee? (a) cenòJeekeâeb#eer jepeeDeeW keâer
(a) hegmlekeâeW keâe cenòJe (b) leeveeMeeneW keâer
(b) Ùee$ee keâe cenòJe (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW
(c) heeMÛeelÙe efJeÛeejkeâeW
keâe cenòJe (d) F&MJej keâes ceeveves Jeeues jepeeDeeW keâer
(d) meceeÛeej-he$eeW keâe cenòJe
4. cenòJeekeâeb#ee kesâ keâejCe JÙeefkeäle kesâ Ûeefj$e ceW keâewve-meer yegjeFÙeeB Dee peeleer
nw?
~moY 21 (a) efce$elee keâer hejekeâe<"e (b) Pet" Deewj yesF&ceeveer
(c) Ûeesjer Deewj [kewâleer (d) meodÛeefj$elee
mebmeej keâe Fefleneme jepeeDeeW, MeemekeâeW keâer GÛÛe cenòJeekeâeb#eeDeeW mes Yeje heÌ[e nw~
Yetefce Deewj Oeve-mebheefòe hej DeeefOehelÙe peceeves keâer efuehmee kesâ keâejCe GvneWves leyeener 5. ogÙeexOeve ves heeb[JeeW keâes ceejves kesâ efueS keâewve-mee <e[dÙeb$e jÛee?
ceÛeeF&~ Fve ceeveJelee-efJejesOeer DehejeOeeW mes Gvekeâer Deelcee hej keâesF& ØeYeeJe veneR (a) eEpeoe peueeves keâe ØeÙeeme
heÌ[e~ Gvekeâer GÛÛe cenòJeekeâeb#ee kesâ keâejCe veweflekeâlee kesâ meYeer efveÙece Oejs kesâ Oejs (b) pegS ceW Ûeeueekeâer mes njevee
jn ieS~ F&MJej mes efJeõesn keâjves Jeeues Mewleeve mes ueskeâj, efJeMJeefJepeÙe keâe mehevee (c) JeveJeeme mes ueewšves hej jepÙe ve osvee
osKeves Jeeues yeermeJeeR Meleeyoer kesâ leeveeMeeneW lekeâ, Skeâ lejHeâ lees DelÙeeÛeej Deewj (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
Ùeelevee keâer keâneveer efceueleer nw Deewj otmejer lejHeâ og:Ke Deewj heerÌ[e keâer~ 6. Yeejle kesâ efveye&ue nesves keâe keäÙee keâejCe Lee?
yeeFefyeue Fme Deesj Fbefiele keâjleer nw efkeâ efkeâme Øekeâej uÙetefmeHeâj keâer cenòJeekeâeb#ee (a) mJeeLe& YeeJevee (b) ceneYeejle keâe Ùegæ
kesâ keâejCe HeâefjMleeW ceW Deveyeve nes ieF&~ cenòJeekeâeb#ee JÙeefkeäle keâes Pet"e Deewj (c) efmekebâoj kesâ DelÙeeÛeej (d) Úesšs-Úesšs jepÙeeW keâe yevevee
yesF&ceeve yevee osleer nw~ Gmekesâ cegBn ceW jece Deewj yeieue ceW Úgjer nesleer nw~ Jen efce$elee 7. Yeejle osMe keâes efJeveeMe mes efkeâmeves yeÛee efueÙee?
kesâ meYeer yebOeveeW keâes leesÌ[keâj kesâJeue efvepeer mJeeLe& mes efuehle jnlee nw~ (a) eEmekeâoj ves (b) ogÙeexOeve ves
(c) heesjme ves (d) ØeebleerÙe Meemekeâ ves
ceneYeejle ogÙeexOeve keâer cenòJeekeâeb#ee keâe ner heefjCeece Lee, efpemekesâ keâejCe mebhetCe&
kegâue keâe efJeveeMe nes ieÙee Lee~ ØeejbYe mes ner Gmeves jepee yeveves Deewj Meemeve keâjves 8. efmekebâoj keâe jepÙe efÚvve-efYevve nesves keâe keäÙee heefjCeece ngDee?
keâer cenòJeekeâeb#ee heeue jKeer Leer~ Fmeer kesâ efueS Gmeves Deheves ÛeÛesjs YeeFÙeeW, (a) osMe ceW Meebefle keâer mLeehevee
heeb[JeeW keâes ceejves kesâ <e[dÙeb$e jÛes~ Gmeves GvnW efpeboe peueeves keâe ØeÙeeme efkeâÙee (b) DeJÙeJemLee Deewj Dejepekeâlee Hewâue ieF&
(c) leeveeMeener keâer mLeehevee
Deewj peye Jes Fmemes yeÛe efvekeâues lees pegS ceW Ûeeueekeâer mes njekeâj JeveJeeme Yespe
(d) peerJeve menpe nes ieÙee
efoÙee~ JeveJeeme keâer Mele& hetjer nesves hej Yeer Gmeves heeb[JeeW keâes Gvekeâe jepÙe veneR
{hÝXr 25
9. heÌ[esmeer veiejeW keâes ve<š keâjves Deewj meYeer JeÙemkeâeW keâes yeefue ÛeÌ{eves keâe 3. heueeMe kesâ JeveeW keâer mebKÙee keâce nesves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw?
DeeosMe efkeâmekesâ Éeje efoÙee ieÙee? (a) ieeBJe ceW Ûekeâyeboer leLee ceeef]heâÙeeDeeW Éeje Fvekeâe DebOeeOegbOe keâeše peevee
(a) SÛe. peer. Jesume kesâ (b) efmekebâoj kesâ (b) keâejKeeveeW ceW FvnW cenòJe ve efoÙee peevee
(c) heesjme kesâ (d) uÙetefmeHeâj kesâ (c) heueeMe kesâ Je=#e keâe Iešlee cenòJe
(d) pevemebKÙee keâe DeefOekeâ nesvee
10. cenòJeekeâeb#ee keâe otmeje veece efkeâmes ceevee ieÙee nw?
(a) leeveeMeener (b) efve:mJeeLe&lee 4. heueeMe kesâ Je=#eeW keâes yeÛeeves kesâ efueS keäÙee efkeâÙee pee jne nw?
(c) Dejepekeâlee (d) <e[dÙeb$e (a) ueesieeW ceW peeie®keâlee ueekeâj veS heueeMe ueieevee
(b) DeefYeÙeeve Ûeueekeâj heueeMe Jeve jesheves keâer Ùeespevee Øemlegle keâjvee
~moY 22 (c)
(d)
heueeMe kesâ cenòJe mes JebefÛele jKekeâj DevÙe keâes cenòJe osvee
Ghejeskeäle meYeer
keâefJeÙeeW, MeeÙejeW leLee Deece Deeoceer keâes mecceesefnle keâjves Jeeuee ‘heueeMe’ Deepe
mebkeâš ceW nw~ Jew%eeefvekeâeW ves ÛesleeJeveer oer nw efkeâ Ùeefo Fmeer Øekeâej heueeMe keâe efJeveeMe 5. keâyeerj ves heueeMe keâer leguevee efkeâmemes keâer nw?
(a) Je=æ JÙeefkeäle mes
peejer jne, lees Ùen ‘{ekeâ kesâ leerve heele’ Jeeueer keâneJele ceW ner yeÛesiee~ DejeJeueer
(b) MeeÙejeW mes
Deewj melehegÌ[e heJe&le ëe=bKeueeDeeW ceW peye heueeMe Je=#e Ûewle (Jemeble) ceW Hetâuelee Lee, (c) keâesÙeue kesâ ketâkeâves mes
lees ueielee Lee efkeâ Jeve ceW Deeie ueie ieF& nes DeLeJee Deefive osJe HetâueeW kesâ ™he ceW (d) megboj-mepeerues veJeÙegJekeâ mes
efKeue G"s neW~ heueeMe hej Skeâ-oes efove ceW ner mebkeâš veneR Dee ieÙee nw~ efheÚues
6. Fefleneme ceW heueeMe kesâ HetâueeW keâes efkeâmeceW mLeeve efceuee nw?
leerme-Ûeeueerme Je<eeX ceW oesvee-heòeue yeveeves Jeeues keâejKeeves yeÌ{ves, ieeBJe-ieeBJe ceW (a) efJeefYevve keâefJeÙeeW keâer jÛeveeDeeW ceW
Ûekeâyeboer nesves leLee Jeve ceeef]heâÙeeDeeW Éeje DebOeeOegbOe keâševe keâjves kesâ keâejCe Gòej (b) ueeskeâ-ieerleeW ceW
ØeosMe, ceOÙe ØeosMe, efyenej, heefMÛece yebieeue, hebpeeye, nefjÙeeCee, jepemLeeve, (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW
keâvee&škeâ, ceneje<š^ Deeefo ØeebleeW ceW heueeMe kesâ Jeve Ieškeâj 10% mes Yeer keâce jn (d) keâuee SJeb mebmke=âefle ceW
ieS nQ~ Jew%eeefvekeâeW ves heueeMe JeveeW keâes yeÛeeves kesâ efueS Tlekeâ mebJeæ&ve (efšMet 7. heueeMe keâer GheÙeesefielee keâye cenmetme keâer ieF&?
keâuÛej) Éeje hejKeveueer ceW heueeMe kesâ heewOeeW keâes efJekeâefmele keâj Skeâ DeefYeÙeeve (a) hueeefmškeâ-hee@ueerefLeve keâer LewefueÙeeW hej jeskeâ ueieves kesâ yeeo
Ûeueekeâj heueeMe Jeve jesheves keâer Ùeespevee Øemlegle keâer nw~ nefjÙeeCee leLee hegCes ceW Ssmeer (b) keâefJeÙeeW Éeje eflejmke=âle nesves kesâ yeeo
oes ØeÙeesieMeeueeSB Yeer Keesueer ieF& nQ~ Skeâ meceÙe Lee, peye yebieeue keâe heueeMeer keâe (c) Fefleneme Éeje efJemce=le nesves kesâ yeeo
cewoeve leLee DejeJeueer keâer heJe&le-ceeueeSB šsmet kesâ HetâueeW kesâ efueS ogefveÙeeYej ceW (d) DevÙe Je=#eeW keâe cenòJe keâce nesves kesâ yeeo
ceMentj LeeR~ efJeosMeeW mes ueesie heueeMe kesâ jefkeälece JeCe& kesâ hetâue osKeves Deeles Les~ 8. keâefJeÙeeW, MeeÙejeW Deewj Deece Deeoceer keâes mecceesefnle keâjves Jeeuee heueeMe Deepe
cenekeâefJe heodceekeâj ves Úbo—‘‘keânQ heodceekeâj hejeieve ceW, heewve ntB ceW, heeveve ceW, efkeâme mebkeâš mes iegpej jne nw?
(a) veJe-efvecee&Ce kesâ YeÙe kesâ
efhekeâ ceW, heueemeve heieble nw~’’ efueKekeâj heueeMe keâer ceefncee keâe JeCe&ve efkeâÙee Lee~ (b) efJeueghle nesves kesâ YeÙe kesâ
yeÇpe, DeJeOeer, yegbosueKeb[er, jepemLeeveer, nefjÙeeCeJeer, hebpeeyeer ueeskeâ ieerleeW ceW heueeMe (c) cenòJenerve nesves kesâ YeÙe kesâ
kesâ iegCe ieeS ieS nQ~ keâyeerj ves lees ‘KeebKej YeÙee heueeMe’ keânkeâj heueeMe keâer (d) Dehevesheve kesâ YeÙe kesâ
leguevee Skeâ Ssmes megboj-mepeerues veJeÙegJekeâ mes keâer nw, pees Deheveer peJeeveer ceW lees
9. heueeMe kesâ iegCe efkeâme Yee<ee kesâ ueeskeâ-ieerleeW ceW ieeS ieS nQ?
meyekeâes Deekeâe|<ele keâj ueslee nw, eEkeâleg yegÌ{ehes ceW Dekesâuee jn peelee nw~ Jemeble Je (a) yegbosueKeb[er (b) hebpeeyeer
«eer<ce $e+leg ceW peye lekeâ šsmet ceW Hetâue Je njs-Yejs heòes jnles nQ, Gmes meYeer efvenejles (c) yeÇpe (d) Ùes meYeer
nQ, eEkeâleg Mes<e Dee" cenerves Jen helePeÌ[ keâe efMekeâej neskeâj PeeÌ[-PebKeeÌ[ keâer lejn
jn peelee nw~ heÙee&JejCe kesâ efueS hueeefmškeâ-hee@ueerLeerve hej jeskeâ ueieves kesâ yeeo 10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
(a) Øeke=âefle JeCe&ve hej (b) heueeMe kesâ mebkeâš hej
heueeMe keâer GheÙeesefielee cenmetme keâer ieF&, efpemekesâ heòes oesves, Lewues, heòeue, Leeueer, (c) heÙee&JejCe megj#ee hej (d) meeefnlÙe Deewj heueeMe hej
efieueeme meefnle ve peeves efkeâleves GheÙeesie ceW Dee mekeâles nQ~ efheÚues leerme-Ûeeueerme
Je<eeX ceW 90% Jeve ve<š keâj [eues ieS~ efyevee heeveer kesâ yebpej, Tmej lekeâ ceW Gie
Deeves Jeeues Fme hesÌ[ keâer veF& heerÌ{er lewÙeej veneR ngF&~ Ùeefo Ùener efmLeefle jner Deewj ~moY 23
meceepe peeie¤keâ ve ngDee, lees heueeMe efJeueghle Je=#e nes peeSiee~ leòJeJesòee efMe#eeefJeoeW kesâ Devegmeej efJeÅee oes Øekeâej keâer nesleer nw~ ØeLece Jen, pees
1. ieÅeebMe ceW uesKekeâ keâer eEÛelee keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw? nceW peerJeve-Ùeeheve kesâ efueS Depe&ve keâjvee efmeKeeleer nw Deewj efÉleerÙe Jen, pees nceW
(a) heueeMe kesâ Je=#eeW keâe Iešlee mlej (b) Tlekeâ mebJeæ&ve keâer keâceer peervee efmeKeueeleer nw~ FveceW mes Skeâ keâe Yeer DeYeeJe peerJeve keâes efvejLe&keâ yevee oslee
(c) heÙee&JejCe keâer megj#ee (d) peerJeve keâe mebIe<e& nw~ efyevee keâceeS peerJeve-efveJee&n mebYeJe veneR~ keâesF& Yeer veneR Ûeensiee efkeâ Jen
2. DejeJeueer Deewj melehegÌ[e ceW heueeMe kesâ Je=#e kewâmes ueieles Les? ceelee-efhelee, heefjJeej kesâ efkeâmeer meomÙe, peeefle Ùee meceepe hej hejeJeuebyeer nes~ Ssmeer
(a) Jeve ceW ueieer Deeie kesâ meceeve efJeÅee mes efJenerve JÙeefkeäle keâe peerJeve otYej nes peelee nw, Jen otmejeW kesâ efueS Yeej
(b) {ekeâ kesâ leerve heele kesâ meceeve yeve peelee nw~ meeLe ner, otmejer efJeÅee kesâ efyevee meeLe&keâ peerJeve veneR efpeÙee pee
(c) Je<ee& $e+leg ceW FbõOeveg<e kesâ meceeve mekeâlee~ yengle Dee|pele keâj uesves Jeeues JÙeefkeäle keâe peerJeve Ùeefo megÛee® ™he mes veneR
(d) ieeBJe ceW efKeues šsmet kesâ hetâue kesâ meceeve Ûeue jne nw, GmeceW Ùeefo Jen peerJeble-Meefkeäle veneR nw, pees Gmekesâ Deheves peerJeve keâes
lees melheLe hej De«emej keâjleer ner nw, meeLe ner Jen Deheves meceepe, peeefle SJeb je<š^ 8. YeejleerÙe efJeÅeeLeea keâes efkeâme Øekeâej keâer efMe#ee oer peeveer ÛeeefnS?
kesâ efueS Yeer ceeie&oMe&ve keâjleer nw, lees Gmekeâe peerJeve Yeer ceeveJe-peerJeve keâe (a) DeeJeMÙekeâ
DeefYeOeeve veneR hee mekeâlee~ Jen YeejJeener ieo&Ye yeve peelee nw Ùee (b) GheÙeesieer
hetBÚ-meeRie-efJenerve heMeg keâne peelee nw~ Jele&ceeve Yeejle ceW henueer efJeÅee keâe ØeeÙe: (c) peerJeve keâes heefj<ke=âle SJeb Deuebke=âle keâjves Jeeueer
DeYeeJe efoKeeF& oslee nw, hejbleg otmejer efJeÅee keâe ™he Yeer efJeke=âle ner nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ ve
lees mketâue-keâe@uespeeW mes efMe#ee Øeehle keâjkesâ efvekeâuee Úe$e peerefJekeâepe&ve kesâ ÙeesiÙe 9. Devve mes Deevebo keâer Deesj yeÌ{ves ceW efJeÅee keâe meej efveefnle nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ Ssmeer
yeve heelee nw Deewj ve ner Jen Gve mebmkeâejeW mes Ùegkeäle nes heelee nw, efpevemes JÙeefkeäle efJeÅee ceveg<Ùe keâe
‘kegâ’ mes ‘meg’ yevelee nw, megefMeef#ele, megmeYÙe Deewj megmebmke=âle keânueeves keâe DeefOekeâejer (a) Yeeweflekeâ efJekeâeme keâjleer nw (b) DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ efJekeâeme keâjleer nw
(c) meJeeËieerCe efJekeâeme keâjleer nw (d) meeceeefpekeâ efJekeâeme keâjleer nw
neslee nw~ Jele&ceeve efMe#ee-heæefle kesâ Debleie&le nce pees efJeÅee Øeehle keâj jns nQ,
Gmekeâer efJeMes<eleeDeeW keâes meJe&Lee vekeâeje Yeer veneR pee mekeâlee~ Ùen efMe#ee kegâÚ meercee 10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
lekeâ nceejs Âef<škeâesCe keâes efJekeâefmele Yeer keâjleer nw, nceejer ceveer<ee keâes Øeyegæ (a) peerves keâer keâuee hej
yeveeleer nw leLee YeeJeveeDeeW keâes Ûesleve keâjleer nw, efkebâleg keâuee, efMeuhe, ØeewÅeesefiekeâer (b) Jele&ceeve YeejleerÙe efMe#ee hej
Deeefo keâer efMe#ee veececee$e keâer nesves kesâ HeâuemJe™he Fme osMe kesâ mveelekeâ kesâ efueS (c) ceeveJe peerJeve keâer meeLe&keâlee hej
(d) efMe#ee kesâ meesheeve hej
peerefJekeâepe&ve šsÌ{er Keerj yeve peelee nw Deewj ye=nmheefle yevee ÙegJekeâ veewkeâjer keâer
leueeMe ceW Dee|peÙeeB efueKeves ceW ner Deheves peerJeve keâe yengcetuÙe meceÙe yeyee&o keâj
ueslee nw~ peerJeve kesâ meJeeËieerCe efJekeâeme keâes OÙeeve ceW jKeles ngS Ùeefo efMe#ee kesâ ~moY 24
›eâefcekeâ meesheeveeW hej efJeÛeej efkeâÙee peeS, lees YeejleerÙe efJeÅeeLeea keâes meJe&ØeLece Fme Deepe keâer ogefveÙee kesâ meboYe& ceW oes yeeleeW keâe OÙeeve jKevee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw—nce Skeâ
Øekeâej keâer efMe#ee oer peeveer ÛeeefnS pees DeeJeMÙekeâ nes, otmejer pees GheÙeesieer nes Deewj Ssmeer ogefveÙee ceW jn jns nQ, peneB hejhesâkeäMeve keâe yeesueyeeuee nw~ FmeceW mes ØelÙeskeâ
leermejer pees nceejs peerJeve keâes heefj<ke=âle SJeb Deuebke=âle keâjleer nes~ Ùes leerveeW meerefÌ{ÙeeB efkeâmeer-ve-efkeâmeer kesâ Øeefle efkeâmeer no lekeâ peJeeyeosn nw~ Ssmes heefjÂMÙe ceW meyemes
Skeâ kesâ yeeo Skeâ Deeleer nQ, FveceW JÙeefle›eâce veneR nesvee ÛeeefnS~ Fme ›eâce ceW keâef"ve nes peelee nw Deheveer DeeueesÛevee keâes mJeerkeâej keâj heevee~ neueeBefkeâ Ùen Yeer
JÙeeIeele Dee peeves mes ceeveJe-peerJeve keâe Ûee® Øeemeeo KeÌ[e keâjvee DemebYeJe nw~ meÛe nw efkeâ kewâmeer Yeer DeeueesÛevee mJeerkeâejvee cegefMkeâue ner neslee nw, Yeues ner Jen
Ùen lees YeJeve keâer Úle yeveekeâj veeRJe yeveeves kesâ meÂMe nw~ Jele&ceeve Yeejle ceW efMe#ee nceejer YeueeF& kesâ efueS ner keäÙeeW ve nes~ DeeueesÛevee Skeâ oesOeejer leueJeej keâer lejn
keâer DeJemLee osKekeâj Ssmee Øeleerle neslee nw efkeâ ØeeÛeerve YeejleerÙe oeMe&efvekeâeW ves
nesleer nw~ Skeâ Deesj Deehe Fmekesâ DeeOeej hej Deheves Pet"s Denb keâes ojefkeâveej keâj
‘Devve’ mes ‘Deevebo’ keâer Deesj yeÌ{ves keâes pees ‘efJeÅee keâe meej’ keâne Lee, Jen meJe&Lee
ienjer mecePe efJekeâefmele keâj mekeâles nQ, lees Skeâ Deesj DeeueesÛevee keâes efoue hej
meceerÛeerve ner Lee~
ueskeâj mebyebefOele MeKme mes Deheves mebyebOe efyeieeÌ[ mekeâles nQ~ keân mekeâles nQ efkeâ Ùen
1. Jele&ceeve ÙegJekeâ Dehevee yengcetuÙe meceÙe efkeâmeceW yeyee&o keâj osles nQ? JÙeefkeäle efJeMes<e hej efveYe&j keâjlee nw efkeâ Jen DeeueesÛevee keâes efkeâme lejn ueslee nw~
(a) ceveesjbpeve ceW (b) veewkeâjer keâer leueeMe ceW Gmemes Dehevee efJekeâeme keâjlee nw Ùee Pet"s Denb ceW heÌ[ Deheves keâes ner mener ceevelee
(c) efMe#ee Øeehle keâjves ceW (d) Øeeflemheæe& ceW
jnlee nw~ Yeues ner DeeueesÛevee efkeâleveer ner Ûeesš keäÙeeW ve hengBÛeeS, uesefkeâve otmejs keâes
2. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej peerJeve-Ùeeheve kesâ efueS Depe&ve keâjvee keâewve efmeKeelee nw? hetjs OÙeeve Je iebYeerjlee kesâ meeLe megveW~ DeeueesÛevee ¤heer meueen keâes efmejs mes Keeefj]pe
(a) heefjJeej (b) ØeLece Øekeâej keâer efJeÅee keâjves mes yesnlej nesiee efkeâ pees mener nes, Gmes Deelcemeeled keâjW~ Gmes mJeerkeâej keâj
(c) efÉleerÙe Øekeâej keâer efJeÅee (d) meceepe
mJeÙeb keâe efJekeâeme keâjW~ Fme ›eâce ceW Deheveer efveCee&Ùekeâ #ecelee keâe yesnlej ØeÙeesie
3. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej efkeâmekeâe DeYeeJe peerJeve keâes efvejLe&keâ yevee oslee nw? keâj Jener yeeleW mJeerkeâej keâjW, pees Deehe hej ueeiet nesleer nQ~ Ssmee ve nes efkeâ
(a) Oeve keâe (b) efMe#ee keâe DeeueesÛevee keâe Jen efnmmee Yeer ceeve ueW, pees Deehe hej ueeiet ner ve neslee nes~
(c) heefjJeej keâe (d) peeefle keâe
Yeues ner Deehe efkeâleves ner me]heâue keäÙeeW ve nes peeSB, uesefkeâve Ùen OÙeeve jKeW efkeâ
4. otmejeW hej efkeâme Øekeâej keâe JÙeefkeäle Yeej yeve peelee nw? megOeej keâer mebYeeJevee ncesMee jnleer nw~ Fmes ceeve uesves mes mekeâejelcekeâ DeeueesÛevee
(a) ueeueÛeer (b) efJeÅee Øeehle
(c) mJeeJeuebyeer (d) efJeÅeenerve
Deheves efnle ceW uesves keâer Deeole nes peeleer nw~ Fmekesâ efueS efoceeie ncesMee Keguee
jKeves keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw~ efkeâmeer ves keâesF& yeele keâer, pees DeeueesÛevee nw, lees legjble
5. ‘kegâ’ mes ‘meg’ yeveeves ceW keäÙee DeeMeÙe meefvveefnle nw? ner efkeâmeer efveCe&Ùe hej hengBÛeves kesâ yepeeÙe Gme yeele hej iebYeerjlee mes ceveve keâjW~
(a) ogue&Ye mes megueYe yeveevee (b) ogie&ce mes megiece yeveevee F&ceeveoejer mes efJeÛeej keâjW efkeâ keâner ieF& yeele ceW keâneR Yeer keâesF& jòeerYej Yeer meÛÛeeF&
(c) og<keâj mes megkeâj yeveevee (d) ogpe&ve mes megpeve yeveevee
nw~ DeeueesÛeveelcekeâ efšhheCeer keâer meejiee|Yelee keâe mener Deekeâueve heefjhekeäJelee Deewj
6. osMe kesâ mveelekeâ kesâ efueS šsÌ{er Keerj keäÙee yeve peelee nw? efJekeâeme keâer efoMee ceW G"e henuee keâoce neslee nw~ yeele Yeues DeeÛeej-JÙeJenej,
(a) peerefJekeâepe&ve (b) efMe#ee peerJeve-Mewueer ceW yeoueeJe keâer nes Ùee efheâj keâeÙe&Mewueer ceW heefjJele&ve keâer~ nceW ncesMee
(c) DeOÙeelce (d) meceepe peeie¤keâ jnvee nesiee efkeâ nce kewâmes Fve #es$eeW ceW Deheveer Meefkeäle yeÌ{e mekeâles nQ~
7. kegâÚ meercee lekeâ nceejs Âef<škeâesCe keâes efJekeâefmele keâewve keâjlee nw? DeeueesÛevee oes lejn keâer nesleer nw~ Skeâ keâe cekeâmeo Deehekeâer keâefceÙeeW keâes meeceves
(a) ØeeÛeerve efMe#ee-heæefle (b) Jele&ceeve efMe#ee-heæefle ueekeâj Gmes otj keâjvee neslee nw, peyeefkeâ Skeâ cenpe F&<Ùee&JeMe Ùee hetJee&«en mes
(c) Oeveesheepe&ve (d) peerefJekeâesheepe&ve «eefmele nesleer nw~ DeeJeMÙekeâlee Fmekesâ Deblej keâes mecePeves keâer nw~ keâefceÙeeW keâes Fbefiele
{hÝXr 27
keâjleer Ùeeveer mekeâejelcekeâ DeeueesÛevee keâes Debieerkeâej keâjves keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw, 10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
peyeefkeâ vekeâejelcekeâ DeeueesÛevee Deewj Gmes keâjves Jeeues mes otjer yeveeves ceW ner YeueeF& (a) DeeueesÛekeâ kesâ iegCe hej
efveefnle nw~ (b) JÙeefkeäle efJeMes<e keâer ceve: efmLeefle hej
(c) JÙeefkeäle keâer keâefceÙeeW hej
1. ‘‘DeeueesÛevee Skeâ oesOeejer leueJeej keâer lejn nesleer nw’’– hebefkeäle keâe keäÙee (d) DeeueesÛevee kesâ cenòJe hej
DeeMeÙe nw?
(a) DeeueesÛevee kesâ ceeOÙece mes JÙeefkeäle Deheves Denbkeâej keâes otj keâj ienjer
mecePe efJekeâefmele keâj mekeâlee nw ~moY 25
(b) DeeueesÛevee keâes efoue hej ueskeâj mebyebefOele JÙeefkeäle mes Deheves mebyebOe efyeieeÌ[ efJe%eeve Deepe kesâ ceeveJe-peerJeve keâe DeefJeYeepÙe SJeb Ieefve<" Debie yeve ieÙee nw~
mekeâlee nw ceeveJe-peerJeve keâe keâesF& Yeer #es$e efJe%eeve kesâ DeßeglehetJe& DeeefJe<keâejeW mes DeÚtlee veneR
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW jne~ Fmeer mes DeeOegefvekeâ Ùegie efJe%eeve keâe Ùegie keânueelee nw~ Deepe efJe%eeve ves heg®<e
(d) DeeueesÛevee kesâ Éeje JÙeefkeäle Dehevee meJe&mJe DeefmlelJe meceehle keâj ueslee nw
Deewj veejer, meeefnlÙekeâej Deewj jepeveerefle%e, GÅeesieheefle Deewj ke=â<ekeâ, hetBpeerheefle Deewj
2. Deheves Pet"s Denbkeâej keâes Skeâ Deesj jKekeâj ienjer mecePe efkeâmekesâ ceeOÙece mes ßeefcekeâ, efÛeefkeâlmekeâ Deewj mewefvekeâ, DeefYeÙevlee Deewj efMe#ekeâ leLee Oece&%e Deewj
efJekeâefmele keâj mekeâles nQ? leòJe%e meYeer keâes Deewj meYeer #es$eeW ceW efkeâmeer-ve-efkeâmeer ™he ceW Deheves DeØeeflece
(a) JÙeefkeäle efJeMes<e kesâ (b) hejHesâkeäMeve kesâ ØeosÙe mes Devegie=nerle efkeâÙee nw~ Deepe mecetÛee heefjJesMe efJe%eeveceÙe nes ieÙee nw~ efJe%eeve
(c) DeeueesÛevee kesâ (d) OÙeeve kesâ kesâ ÛejCe ie=efnCeer kesâ jmeesF&Iej mes ueskeâj yeÌ[er-yeÌ[er ØeeÛeerjeW Jeeues YeJeveeW Deewj
3. DeeueesÛevee keâes Deelcemeeled keâjkesâ keäÙee efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw? DešdšeefuekeâeDeeW ceW ner Âef<šiele veneR nesles, ØelÙegle Jes mLeue Deewj peue keâer meerceeDeeW
(a) otmejeW keâer yegjeF& (b) mJeÙeb keâer eEveoe keâes ueeBIekeâj Debleefj#e ceW Yeer ieefleMeerue nQ~ Jemlegle: efJe%eeve DeÅeleve ceeveJe keâer
(c) mJeÙeb keâe efJekeâeme (d) mebyebOeeW keâes Kejeye meyemes yeÌ[er Meefkeäle yeve ieÙee nw~ Fmekesâ yeue mes ceveg<Ùe Øeke=âefle Deewj ØeeefCepeieled keâe
4. Deheveer efveCee&Ùekeâ #ecelee keâe yesnlej ØeÙeesie keâjkesâ DeeueesÛevee ceW mes efkeâmes efMejesceefCe yeve mekeâe nw~ efJe%eeve kesâ Deveg«en mes Jen meYeer Øekeâej keâer megefJeOeeDeeW
mJeerkeâej keâjvee ÛeeefnS? Deewj mebheoeDeeW keâe mJeeefcelJe Øeehle keâj Ûegkeâe nw~ Deye Jen $e+le-$e+legDeeW kesâ
(a) Jes yeeleW pees otmejeW hej ueeiet nes Øekeâeshe mes YeÙee›eâeble SJeb meb$emle veneR nw~ efJeÅegle ves Gmes Deeueesefkeâle efkeâÙee nw,
(b) Jes yeeleW pees mJeÙeb hej ueeiet nesleer nes G<Celee Deewj Meerleuelee oer nw, yešve oyeekeâj efkeâmeer Yeer keâeÙe& keâes mebhevve keâjves keâer
(c) Jes yeeleW pees heerÌ[e hengBÛeeSB leekeâle Yeer oer nw~ ceveesjbpeve kesâ efJeefJeOe meeOeve Gmes megueYe nQ~ ÙeeleeÙeele SJeb
(d) Jes yeeleW pees otmejeW kesâ efnle ceW nes
mebÛeej kesâ meeOeveeW kesâ efJekeâeme mes meceÙe Deewj mLeeve keâer otefjÙeeB yengle keâce nes ieF&
5. efkeâme yeele keâes ceeve uesves mes mekeâejelcekeâ DeeueesÛevee Deheves efnle ceW uesves keâer nQ Deewj mecetÛee efJeMJe Skeâ heefjJeej-mee ueieves ueiee nw~
Deeole nes peeleer nw? ke=âef<e Deewj GÅeesie kesâ #es$e ceW Glheeove keâer leerJeÇ Je=efæ nesves kesâ keâejCe Deepe ogefveÙee
(a) otmejeW keâer keâner ØelÙeskeâ yeele
henues mes DeefOekeâ Oeve-OeevÙe mes mebhevve nw~ efMe#ee Deewj efÛeefkeâlmee kesâ #es$e ceW
(b) ceveg<Ùe ieueefleÙeeW keâe hegleuee nw
(c) meeceeefpekeâ mebyebOe meJeexheefj nQ efJe%eeve keâer osve DeefYeveboveerÙe nw~ efJe%eeve kesâ menÙeesie mes ceveg<Ùe Oejleer Deewj mecegõ
(d) megOeej keâer mebYeeJevee ncesMee jnleer nw kesâ Deveskeâ jnmÙe nmleeceuekeâ keâjkesâ Deye Debleefj#e ueeskeâ ceW ØeJesMe keâj Ûegkeâe nw~
meJeexheefj, efJe%eeve ves ceveg<Ùe keâes yeewefækeâ efJekeâeme Øeoeve efkeâÙee nw Deewj Jew%eeefvekeâ
6. DeeueesÛevee keâes mJeerkeâejvee cegefMkeâue keäÙeeW neslee nw? eEÛeleve-heæefle oer nw~
(a) keäÙeeWefkeâ Jele&ceeve meceÙe ceW Fmes yegjeF& keâe heÙee&Ùe ceevee peelee nw
(b) keäÙeeWefkeâ FmeceW melÙe efveefnle neslee nw Jew%eeefvekeâ eEÛeleve-heæefle mes ceveg<Ùe DebOeefJeMJeemeeW Deewj ™efÌ{-hejbhejeDeeW mes cegkeäle
(c) keäÙeeWefkeâ Ùen kesâJeue keâefceÙeeW keâer Deesj FMeeje keâjleer nw neskeâj mJemLe SJeb meblegefuele {bie mes meesÛe-efJeÛeej keâj mekeâlee nw Deewj ÙeLeeLe& SJeb
(d) keäÙeeWefkeâ FmeceW kesâJeue DemelÙe keâe YeeJe efveefnle neslee nw mecÙekedâ peerJeve peer mekeâlee nw~ Fmemes ceveg<Ùe kesâ ceve keâes ÙegieeW kesâ DebOeefJeMJeemeeW,
7. efkeâme Øekeâej keâer DeeueesÛevee keâes mJeerkeâej keâjvee ÛeeefnS? YeücehetCe& Deewj oefkeâÙeevetmeer efJeÛeejeW, YeÙe Deewj De%eevelee mes cegefkeäle efceueer nw~ efJe%eeve
(a) vekeâejelcekeâ (b) mekeâejelcekeâ keâer Ùen osve mleglÙe nw~ ceeveJe keâes ÛeeefnS efkeâ Jen efJe%eeve keâer Fme mece«e osve keâes
(c) meeceevÙe (d) DemeeceevÙe jÛeveelcekeâ keâeÙeeX ceW megefveÙeesefpele keâjW~
8. keâefceÙeeW keâes meeceves ueekeâj GvnW otj keâjvee efkeâme Øekeâej keâer DeeueesÛevee kesâ 1. Deepe efJe%eeve keâes ceveg<Ùe kesâ peerJeve keâe DeefYevve Debie keäÙeeW ceevee pee mekeâlee
Debleie&le DeeSiee? nw?
(a) vekeâejelcekeâ DeeueesÛevee (a) efJe%eeve kesâ DeeefJe<keâej DeYetlehetJe& nQ
(b) hetJee&«eener DeeueesÛevee (b) efJe%eeve ves meYeer #es$eeW ceW ceeveJe keâes ØeYeeefJele efkeâÙee nw
(c) mekeâejelcekeâ DeeueesÛevee (c) efJe%eeve ves Deee|Lekeâ Gvveefle Øeoeve keâer nw
(d) F&<Ùee&JeMe keâer ieF& DeeueesÛevee (d) DeeOegefvekeâ Ùegie efJe%eeve keâe Ùegie nw
9. DeeÛeej-JÙeJenej, peerJeve Mewueer, keâeÙe&Mewueer Deeefo #es$eeW ceW nce Deheveer 2. efkeâmekesâ yeue hej ceveg<Ùe Øeke=âefle Deewj ØeeefCepeieled keâe efMejesceefCe yeve mekeâe
Meefkeäle kewâmes yeÌ{e mekeâles nQ? nw?
(a) eEÛeleve-ceveve keâjkesâ (b) hetJe&OeejCee yeveekeâj (a) mJeÙeb kesâ (b) meeOeveeW kesâ
(c) peeie™keâ jnkeâj (d) meceepe mes meerKekeâj (c) efJe%eeve kesâ (d) meòee kesâ
3. Jew%eeefvekeâ eEÛeleve heæefle ves ceveg<Ùe keâes meyemes henues efkeâmemes cegefkeäle efoueeF&? efJeMJeeme, Øesce, DeeEnmee, Oece&-efvejhes#elee Deewj menevegYetefle keâe hee" heÌ{ekeâj
(a) meblegefuele DevegeEÛeleve DevegYeteflecetuekeâ %eeve keâe Øemeej keâj jns Les~ keâyeerj ves meceepe ceW Hewâues ngS
(b) ØeeÛeerve meebmke=âeflekeâ hejbhejeDeeW efceLÙeeÛeejeW Deewj kegâeflmele YeeJeveeDeeW keâer OeefppeÙeeB GÌ[e oeR~ mJekeâerÙe Yeesieer ngF&
(c) DeewheÛeeefjkeâleeDeeW JesoveeDeeW kesâ Dee›eâesMe mes Yejkeâj meceepe ceW Hewâues ngS {eWie Deewj heeKeb[eW, kegâeflmele
(d) YeücehetCe& ™efÌ{Jeeoer efJeÛeej
efJeÛeejOeejeDeeW kesâ Øeefle oes štkeâ MeyoeW ceW GvneWves pees yeeleW keâneR, Gvemes meceepe keâer
4. efJe%eeve kesâ ÛejCe ieefleMeerue keäÙeeW keâns pee mekeâles nQ? DeeBKeW Heâšer-keâer-Heâšer jn ieFË Deewj meeOeejCe pevelee Gvekeâer JeeefCeÙeeW mes Ûeslevee
(a) efJe%eeve keâer leerJeÇ ieefle kesâ keâejCe Øeehle keâj Gvekeâer Devegieeefceveer yeveves keâes JÙe«e nes G"er~ osMe keâer meeceeefpekeâ,
(b) ÙeeleeÙeele kesâ meeOeve DeeefJe<ke=âle keâjves kesâ keâejCe jepeveereflekeâ, Oeee|cekeâ, Deee|Lekeâ SJeb meebmke=âeflekeâ Deeefo meYeer Øekeâej keâer mecemÙeeDeeW
(c) efJe%eeve kesâ Gòejeslej efJeefYevve efoMeeDeeW ceW GvcegKe nesves kesâ keâejCe
keâe meceeOeeve JewÙeefkeälekeâ peerJeve kesâ ceeOÙece mes Øemlegle keâjves keâe Devet"e ØeÙelve meble
(d) ØeieefleMeerue efJeÛeejOeeje kesâ keâejCe
keâyeerj ves efkeâÙee~ GvneWves yeeBn G"ekeâj yeuehetJe&keâ keâne
5. mecetÛee efJeMJe Skeâ heefjJeej kesâ meceeve ueieves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw? keâyeerje KeÌ[e yee]peej ceW, efueS uegkeâe"er neLe~
(a) efJe%eeve keâer ieefleMeerue Meefkeäle
(b) efJe%eeve Deewj peerJeve ceW Ieefve<"lee pees Iej peejs Deehevee, Ûeues nceejs meeLe~~
(c) ÙeeleeÙeele SJeb mebÛeej kesâ meeOeveeW keâe efJekeâeme 1. Jele&ceeve Ùegie ceW meble meeefnlÙe keâes DeefOekeâ GheÙeesieer keäÙeeW ceevee peelee nw?
(d) efJeMJeyebOeglJe keâer YeeJevee keâe efJekeâeme (a) meebØeoeefÙekeâ YesoYeeJe kesâ keâejCe
6. efJe%eeve kesâ menÙeesie mes ceveg<Ùe ves keâneB ØeJesMe keâj efueÙee nw? (b) Øesce, YeeFÛeejs SJeb meodYeeJevee hej DelÙeefOekeâ yeue osves kesâ keâejCe
(a) ceveg<Ùe kesâ ùoÙe ceW (b) Debleefj#e ceW (c) keâyeerj kesâ efJeÛeejeW keâes cenòJehetCe& ve ceeveves kesâ keâejCe
(c) efJeosMeeW ceW (d) mecegõ ceW (d) ueeskeâ keâuÙeeCe keâes cenòJe ve osves kesâ keâejCe
7. Jew%eeefvekeâ eEÛeleve heæefle kesâ ØeYeeJe mes JÙeefkeäle kewâmee peerJeve peer mekeâlee nw? 2. ieÅeebMe ceW keâyeerj kesâ efueS efkeâme Gheceeve keâe ØeÙeesie efkeâÙee ieÙee nw?
(a) ÙeLeeLe& (b) mecÙekedâ (a) ceneved veslee (b) Ùegie-õ<še
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW (d) yeveeJešer (c) meheâue meeOekeâ (d) Ùes meYeer
8. ceeveJe mes efJe%eeve keâer osve keâes efkeâve keâeÙeeX ceW efveÙeesefpele keâjves keâer Dehes#ee 3. keâyeerj ves Deheves efJeÛeejeW Deewj YeejleerÙe Oece&-efvejhes#elee kesâ DeeOeej keâes
nw? efkeâmekesâ ceeOÙece mes ÙegieeW-Ùegieeblej kesâ efueS Decejlee Øeoeve keâer?
(a) ueeYeØeo (b) menÙeesieØeo (a) Oece& (b) peeefle
(c) jÛeveelcekeâ (d) efJeOJebmeelcekeâ (c) %eeve (d) keâefJelee
9. uesKekeâ keâer Âef<š ceW efJe%eeve keâer meyemes yeÌ[er osve keäÙee nw? 4. keâyeerj ves DevegYeteflecetuekeâ %eeve keâe Øemeej efkeâmekesâ Éeje efkeâÙee Lee?
(a) mebÛeej megefJeOeeSB (a) F&MJej hej efJeMJeeme kesâ Éeje (b) Deefnbmee kesâ Éeje
(b) efJeÅegle keâe DeeefJe<keâej
(c) Oece& efvejhes#elee kesâ Éeje (d) Ùes meYeer
(c) Jew%eeefvekeâ eEÛeleve heæefle
(d) efÛeefkeâlmee Deewj efMe#ee keâer megefJeOeeSB 5. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej keâyeerj ves Oece& keâes efkeâme ™he ceW osKee?
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙehemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? (a) ceeveJe Oece& (b) F&MJej Oece&
(a) efJe%eeve keâe ceeveJe peerJeve hej ØeYeeJe (c) meeceeefpekeâ Oece& (d) Ùes meYeer
(b) Jew%eeefvekeâ eEÛeleve Deewj ceeveJe 6. keâyeerj Éeje keâer ieF& keâeJÙe jÛevee efkeâmemes Øesefjle Leer?
(c) efJe%eeve kesâ ieefleMeerue ÛejCe (a) GÛÛe Jeie& (b) efvecve Jeie&
(d) efJe%eeve kesâ DeeefJe<keâej (c) ueeskeâ keâuÙeeCe keâer keâecevee (d) Oeee|cekeâ DebOeefJeMJeeme
meeceevÙe pevelee keâyeerj kesâ yeleeS ceeie& hej Ûeueves kesâ efueS JÙe«e keäÙeeW nes
~moY 26 7.
ieF&?
Jele&ceeve meebØeoeefÙekeâ mebkeâerCe&lee kesâ efJe<ece JeeleeJejCe ceW meble-meeefnlÙe keâer (a) keâyeerj kesâ efJeÛeejeW mes ØeYeeefJele neskeâj
GheeosÙelee yengle nw~ mebleeW ceW efMejesceefCe keâyeerjoeme YeejleerÙe Oece& efvejhes#elee kesâ (b) meceepe ceW hewâues ngS {eWie kesâ keâejCe
(c) DevÙe DeeOeej ve efceueves kesâ keâejCe
DeeOeej heg®<e nQ~ meble keâyeerj Skeâ meHeâue meeOekeâ, ØeYeeJeMeeueer GheosMekeâ, ceneved
(d) peyejomleer Oece& heefjJele&ve kesâ keâejCe
veslee Deewj Ùegie-õ<še Les~ Gvekeâe mecemle keâeJÙe efJeÛeejeW keâer YeJÙelee Deewj ùoÙe
keâer levceÙelee leLee DeewoeÙe& mes heefjhetCe& nw~ GvneWves keâefJelee kesâ menejs Deheves efJeÛeejeW 8. keâyeerj ves Deheveer JeeCeer kesâ ceeOÙece mes efkeâmekeâer DeeueesÛevee veneR keâer?
Deewj YeejleerÙe Oece&-efvejhes#elee kesâ DeeOeej keâes Ùegie-Ùegieeblej kesâ efueS Decejlee (a) efceLÙeeÛeej keâer (b) kegâeflmele YeeJevee keâer
(c) {eWie Deewj heeKeb[ keâer (d) meJe&JÙeehle F&MJej keâer
Øeoeve keâer~ keâyeerj ves Oece& keâes ceeveJe Oece& kesâ ™he ceW osKee Lee~ melÙe kesâ meceLe&keâ
keâyeerj ùoÙe ceW efJeÛeej-meeiej Deewj JeeCeer ceW DeYetlehetJe& Meefkeäle ueskeâj DeJeleefjle 9. Deheves peerJeve kesâ Éeje keâyeerj ves efkeâve mecemÙeeDeeW keâe meceeOeeve Øemlegle
ngS Les~ GvneWves ueeskeâ-keâuÙeeCe keâer keâecevee mes Øesefjle neskeâj mJeevegYetefle kesâ menejs efkeâÙee?
keâeJÙe jÛevee keâer~ Jes hee"Meeuee Ùee cekeâleye keâer [dÙeesÌ{er mes otj peerJeve kesâ (a) Deee|Lekeâ (b) Oeee|cekeâ
efJeÅeeueÙe ceW ‘ceefme keâeieo ÚgÙees veeEn’ keâer oMee ceW peer keâj melÙe, F&MJej hej (c) jepeveereflekeâ (d) Ùes meYeer
{hÝXr 29
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? 4. MegYesÛÚe kesâ meeLe ØeejbYe efkeâÙee ieÙee keâeÙe& Yeer leye lekeâ DeYeer<š heâue veneR os
(a) meble meeefnlÙe mekeâlee, peye lekeâ efkeâ
(b) Yeefkeälekeâeueerve meeefnlÙe (a) nce Gmes hetCe& ceveesÙeesie hetJe&keâ veneR keâjles nes
(c) Ùegie õ<še: meble keâyeerj (b) meeOeve nceejs meccegKe hetCe&le: mhe<š ve nes
(d) keâyeerj keâe mecekeâeueerve meceepe (c) mecegefÛele meeOeveeW keâe ØeÙeesie ve efkeâÙee ieÙee nes
(d) efveefMÛele ue#Ùe nceejs meccegKe mhe<š ve nes
~moY 27 5. ‘eEnot-cegefmuece Skeâlee meeOeve nw meeOÙe veneR,’ Fmekesâ ceeOÙece mes uesKekeâ
keäÙee keânvee Ûeenles nQ?
YeejleerÙe ceveer<ee ves keâuee, Oece&, oMe&ve Deewj meeefnlÙe kesâ #es$e ceW veevee YeeJe mes (a) ceeveJe keâes ceeveJe mes efJeÙegkeäle keâjvee
cenòJehetCe& heâue heeS nQ Deewj YeefJe<Ùe ceW Yeer cenòJehetCe& heâue heeves keâer ÙeesiÙelee keâe (b) mebmeej keâes Mees<eCe mes cegkeäle keâjvee
heefjÛeÙe Jen os Ûegkeâer nw, hejbleg veevee keâejCeeW mes mecetÛeer pevelee Skeâ ner Oejeleue (c) ceeveJelee keâer YeeJevee keâes yeÌ{evee
hej veneR nw Deewj meyekeâer eEÛeleve-Âef<š Yeer Skeâ veneR nw~ peuoer ner keâesF& heâue hee (d) ceeveJe ceW osJelJe keâer Øeefle<"e keâjvee
uesves keâer DeeMee ceW DeškeâueheÛÛet efmeæeble keâeÙece keâj uesvee Deewj Gmekesâ DeeOeej 6. eEnot-cegefmuece Skeâlee keâe keäÙee GodosMÙe nw?
hej keâeÙe&›eâce yeveevee DeYeer<š efmeefæ ceW meye meceÙe meneÙekeâ veneR nesiee~ efJekeâeme (a) ceveg<Ùe keâes mJeeLe& mes Thej G"evee
keâer veevee meerefÌ{ÙeeW hej KeÌ[er pevelee kesâ efueS veevee Øekeâej kesâ keâeÙe&›eâce DeeJeMÙekeâ (b) ceveg<Ùe keâes hejmhej menYeeefielee kesâ yebOeve ceW yeeBOevee
neWies~ GodosMÙe keâer Skeâlee ner efJeefJeOe keâeÙe&›eâceeW ceW Skeâlee uee mekeâleer nw, hejbleg (c) ceveg<Ùe Éeje ceveg<Ùe keâe Mees<eCe meceehle keâjvee
Flevee efveefMÛele nw efkeâ peye lekeâ nceejs meeceves GodosMÙe mhe<š veneR nes peelee, leye (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
lekeâ keâesF& Yeer keâeÙe&, efkeâleveer ner JÙeehekeâ MegYesÛÚe kesâ meeLe keäÙeeW ve DeejcYe efkeâÙee 7. ieÅeebMe ceW ceveg<Ùe kesâ efueS meJeexòece ØeehÙe efkeâmes ceevee ieÙee nw?
peeS, Jen heâueoeÙekeâ veneR nesiee~ yengle-mes ueesie eEnot-cegefmuece Skeâlee keâes Ùee (a) Denbkeâej mes Thej G"vee
eEnot-mebie"ve keâes ner ue#Ùe ceevekeâj GheeÙe meesÛeves ueieles nQ~ Jemlegle: (b) ceveg<Ùe keâe meecetefnkeâ keâuÙeeCe keâjvee
eEnot-cegefmuece Skeâlee Yeer meeOeve nw, meeOÙe veneR~ meeOÙe nw ceveg<Ùe keâes heMeg meceeve (c) meYeer OeceeX keâes meceeve mecePevee
mJeeLeea Oejeleue mes Thej G"ekeâj ‘ceveg<Ùelee’ kesâ Deemeve hej yew"evee~ eEnot Deewj (d) Deheves ue#Ùe keâer Øeeefhle keâjvee
cegefmuece Ùeefo efceuekeâj mebmeej ceW uetš-Kemeesš ceÛeeves kesâ efueS meeceüepÙe mLeeefhele 8. veJeerve YeejleerÙe Âef<škeâesCe efvee|cele keâjves ceW henues keâer Dehes#ee keâce meceÙe
keâjves efvekeâue heÌ[s lees Gme eEnot-cegefmuece efceueve mes ceveg<Ùelee keâeBhe G"sieer~ hejbleg efkeâme keâejCe ueiesiee?
eEnot-cegefmuece efceueve keâe GodosMÙe nw ceveg<Ùe keâes oemelee, peefÌ[cee ceesn, kegâmebmkeâej (a) Fefleneme keâes mecePeves keâer Âef<š efJekeâefmele nesves mes
Deewj hejcegKeehesef#elee mes yeÛeevee, ceveg<Ùe keâes #egõ mJeeLe& Deewj Denefcekeâe keâer ogefveÙee (b) YeejleerÙe Âef<škeâesCe heefjJele&ve keâes mJeerkeâejves mes
mes Thej G"ekeâj melÙe, vÙeeÙe Deewj DeewoeÙe& keâer ogefveÙee ceW ues peevee, ceveg<Ùe Éeje (c) ÙeespeveeSB yeveeves kesâ efueS hegjeleve Âef<škeâesCe nesves mes
ceveg<Ùe kesâ Mees<eCe keâes nšekeâj hejmhej menÙeesefielee kesâ heefJe$e yebOeve ceW yeeBOevee~
ceveg<Ùe keâe meecetefnkeâ keâuÙeeCe ner nceeje ue#Ùe nes mekeâlee nw~ Jener ceveg<Ùe keâe 9. efkeâme Øekeâej kesâ eEnot-cegefmuece efceueve mes ceeveJelee keâeBhe G"sieer?
meJeexòece ØeehÙe nw~ DeeÙe&, õefJeÌ[, Mekeâ, veeie, DeeYeerj Deeefo peeefleÙeeW kesâ mewkeâÌ[eW (a) oesveeW efceuekeâj uetš-Kemeesš ceÛeeves kesâ efueS veÙee jepÙe mLeeefhele keâjW
Je<eeX kesâ mebIe<e& kesâ yeeo eEnot Âef<škeâesCe yevee nw~ veS efmejs mes YeejleerÙe Âef<škeâesCe (b) Yeü<šeÛeej ceW efuehle nes peeS
(c) eEnot-cegefmuece SskeäÙe keâes Ûejce ue#Ùe ceeveW
yeveeves kesâ efueS Fleves ner uebyes Dejmes keâer pe™jle veneR nw~ Deepe nce Fefleneme keâes
(d) efJeMJe yebOeglJe keâer YeeJevee keâe efJekeâeme keâjW
DeefOekeâ ÙeLeeLe& {bie mes mecePe mekeâles nQ Deewj leodvegketâue Deheves efJekeâeme keâer Ùeespevee
yevee mekeâles nQ~ OewÙe& nceW keâYeer veneR ÚesÌ[vee ÛeeefnS~ Fefleneme efJeOeelee kesâ 10. Fefleneme efJeOeelee kesâ FMeejs keâes mecePekeâj ner Ùeespevee yeveeves hej nce keäÙee
Fbefiele keâes mecePekeâj ner nce Deheveer Ùeespevee yeveeSB, lees meheâuelee keâer DeeMee keâj keâj mekeâles nQ?
mekeâles nQ~ (a) efvejeMee keâe DebOekeâej (b) meheâuelee keâer DeeMee
(c) ceeveJelee keâe efJekeâeme (d) meceevelee keâe DeefOekeâej
1. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
(a) Fefleneme efJeOeelee keâer Fbefielee ~moY 28
(b) Yeejle keâe veJe-efvecee&Ce
(c) eEnot-cegefmuece Skeâlee
meceÙe Jen mebheefle nw, pees ØelÙeskeâ ceveg<Ùe keâes F&MJej keâer Deesj mes efceuee nw~ pees ueesie
(d) ceeveJe efnle Fme Oeve keâes mebefÛele jerefle mes yejleles nQ, Jes Meejerefjkeâ megKe leLee Deeeflcekeâ Deevebo
2. YeefJe<Ùe ceW cenòJehetCe& heâue heeves keâer ÙeesiÙelee keâe heefjÛeÙe efkeâmeves efoÙee? Øeehle keâjles nQ~ Fmeer meceÙe-mebheefle kesâ meogheÙeesie mes Skeâ pebieueer ceveg<Ùe meYÙe
(a) Oece& ves (b) YeejleerÙe ceveer<ee ves Deewj osJelee mJe™he yeve peelee nw~ Fmeer kesâ Éeje ‘cetKe&’ efJeÉeved, ‘efveOe&ve’ OeveJeeve
(c) Fefleneme ves (d) meeefnlÙe ves Deewj ‘De%e’ DevegYeJeer yeve mekeâlee nw~ meblees<e, n<e& leLee megKe ceveg<Ùe keâes leye lekeâ
3. DeškeâueheÛÛet efmeæeble kesâ DeeOeej hej keâeÙe&›eâce yeveeves mes keäÙee nesiee? Øeehle veneR neslee, peye lekeâ Jen GefÛele jerefle mes meceÙe keâe meogheÙeesie veneR keâjlee
(a) Ùen DeYeer<š heâue keâer Øeeefhle ceW meowJe meneÙekeâ veneR nesiee nw~ meceÙe efve:mebosn Skeâ jlve-jeefMe nw~ pees keâesF& Gmes Deheefjefcele Deewj DeieefCele
(b) Fmemes meheâuelee DeJeMÙe efceuesieer ™he mes DebOeeOegbOe JÙeÙe keâjlee nw, Jen efove-Øeefleefove DeefkebâÛeve, efjkeäle-nmle Deewj
(c) Fmemes meheâuelee keâe keâesF& ceeie& veneR efceuesiee oefjõ neslee nw~ Jen DeepeerJeve efKevve jnlee nw Deewj Deheves YeeiÙe keâes keâesmelee jnlee
(d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer nw, ce=lÙeg Yeer Gmes Fme pebpeeue Deewj og:Ke mes ÚgÌ[e veneR mekeâleer nw~
ØelÙegle, Gmekesâ efueS ce=lÙeg keâe Deeieceve ceevees DehejeOeer kesâ efueS efiej]heäleejer keâe 7. Dekeâce&CÙelee kesâ keâejCe ceveg<Ùe kesâ peerJeve hej keäÙee ØeYeeJe heÌ[lee nw?
Jeejbš nw~ meÛe lees Ùen nw efkeâ meceÙe ve<š keâjvee Skeâ Øekeâej keâer DeelcenlÙee nw~ (a) DecetuÙe meceÙe ve<š neslee nw
Deblej kesâJeue Flevee ner nw efkeâ DeelceIeele meJe&oe kesâ efueS peerJeve-pebpeeue mes ÚgÌ[e (b) oerIee&Ùeg keâer Øeeefhle nesleer nw
(c) otef<ele efJeÛeejeW keâer Glheefòe nesleer nw
oslee nw Deewj meceÙe kesâ og®heÙeesie mes Skeâ efveefo&<š keâeue lekeâ peerJeve-ce=lÙeg keâer
(d) DecejlJe keâer Øeeefhle nesleer nw
oMee ceW yevee jnlee nw~ Ssmes ner efceveš, Iebšs Deewj efove Øeceeo Deewj Dekeâce&CÙelee mes
yeerleles peeles nQ~ Ùeefo ceveg<Ùe efJeÛeej keâjs, ieCevee keâjs, lees Gmekeâer mebKÙee cenerveeW 8. ceveg<Ùe keâe PegkeâeJe yegjeF& Deewj heehe keâer Deesj nesves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw?
leLee Je<eeX lekeâ hengBÛeleer nw~ Ùeefo Gmemes keâne peelee nw efkeâ lesjer DeeÙeg kesâ ome-heeBÛe (a) efÛeòe Deewj ceve ueeYeoeÙekeâ keâce& ceW ve ueieves kesâ keâejCe
(b) ce=lÙeg kesâ YeÙe mes YeÙeYeerle jnves kesâ keâejCe
Je<e& Ieše efoS ieS, lees efve:mebosn Gmekesâ ùoÙe hej Yeejer DeeIeele hengBÛelee nw, hejbleg
(c) meowJe Deheves YeeiÙe keâes keâesmeves kesâ keâejCe
Jen mJeÙeb efveMÛes<" yew"s Deheves cetuÙe peerJeve keâes ve<š keâj jne nw Deewj #eÙe SJeb (d) otmejs ceveg<ÙeeW mes F&<Ùee& keâjves kesâ keâejCe
efJeveeMe hej kegâÚ Yeer Mekeâ veneR keâjlee nw~ mebmeej ceW meyekeâes oerIee&Ùeg Øeehle veneR
nesleer nw, hejbleg meyemes yeÌ[er neefve pees meceÙe keâer og®heÙeesefielee SJeb Dekeâce&CÙelee mes 9. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej meJe&oe kesâ efueS peerJeve-pebpeeue mes keâewve ÚgÌ[e oslee nw?
(a) DevegefÛele keâce& (b) ce=lÙeg keâe Deeieceve
nesleer nw, Jen Ùen efkeâ heg®<eeLe&nerve Deewj efvejern heg®<e kesâ efJeÛeej DeheefJe$e Deewj (c) meceÙe keâe og®heÙeesie (d) DeelceIeele
otef<ele nes peeles nQ~ JeemleJe ceW, yeele lees Ùen nw efkeâ ceveg<Ùe kegâÚ-ve-kegâÚ keâjves kesâ
efueS ner yeveeÙee ieÙee nw~ peye efÛeòe Deewj ceve ueeYeoeÙekeâ keâce& ceW veneR ueieles, leye 10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
(a) meceÙe keâer Meefkeäle hej
Gvekeâe PegkeâeJe yegjeF& Deewj heehe keâer Deesj DeJeMÙe nes peelee nw~ Fme nsleg Ùeefo
(b) meceÙe kesâ meogheÙeesie mes ueeYe Deewj neefve hej
ceveg<Ùe meÛecegÛe ner ceveg<Ùe yevevee Ûeenlee nw, lees meye keâceeX mes yeÌ{keâj ßes<" keâeÙe& (c) efvejeMe ceveg<Ùe keâer DeelcekeâLee hej
Gmekesâ efueS Ùen nw efkeâ Jen Skeâ heue Yeer JÙeLe& ve ieBJeeS~ ØelÙeskeâ keâeÙe& kesâ efueS (d) ce=lÙeg kesâ YeÙe hej
he=Lekedâ meceÙe Deewj ØelÙeskeâ meceÙe kesâ efueS he=Lekedâ keâeÙe& efveefMÛele keâjW~
1. ceveg<Ùe keâes JeemleefJekeâ DeLe& ceW ceveg<Ùe yeveves kesâ efueS keäÙee keâjvee ÛeeefnS? ~moY 29
(a) ßes<" keâce& ve keâjvee
(b) F&MJej Yeefkeäle ve keâjvee F&MJej meefÛÛeoevebo mJe¤he nw leLee Gmekeâer meJeexlke=â<š jÛevee nw—ceeveJe~
(c) Skeâ #eCe Yeer JÙeLe& ve ieBJeevee keâCe-keâCe ceW JÙeehle nesves kesâ meeLe ner Jen meJee&efOekeâ efvekeâš nceejs Deboj efmLele
(d) ceve keâes ueeYeoeÙekeâ keâce& ceW ve ueieevee nw, efheâj Yeer ceeveJe nleeMe, efvejeMe, og:Keer leLee DeMeeble nw~ Fmekeâe keâejCe nw
2. meceÙe kesâ meogheÙeesie mes keäÙee ueeYe neslee nw? F&MJejerÙe %eeve keâe DeYeeJe~ ØeMve nw Gmes kewâmes peevee peeS? F&MJej mes efceueve keâe
(a) pebieueer ceveg<Ùe meYÙe Deewj osJelee mJe™he yeve peelee nw meerOee-mejue lejerkeâe nw—OÙeeve~ OÙeeve nw osKevee, hej Fve yeenjer DeeBKeeW mes veneR,
(b) ceveg<Ùe peerJeve ceW efkeâmeer Øekeâej keâer Gvveefle veneR keâj heelee DebleÂ&ef<š mes osKevee~ OÙeeve kesâ Éeje ceve keâes Skeâe«e keâj ØeeCe ceW, Deelcee ceW efmLej
(c) ceveg<Ùe efveye&ue Deewj Dekeâce&CÙe yeve peelee nw efkeâÙee peelee nw~ pewmes metÙe& keâer efyeKejer efkeâjCeeW keâes met#ceoMeea Ùeb$e Éeje Skeâ eEyeog
(d) ceveg<Ùe DeceeveJeerÙe keâeÙe& keâjves ueielee nw hej keWâefõle keâjves mes Deefive Glhevve nesleer nw, Jewmes ner OÙeeve Éeje efÛeòe keâer Je=efòeÙeeW
3. meblees<e, n<e& Deewj megKe ceveg<Ùe keâes kewâmes Øeehle nesles nQ? kesâ IeveerYetle nesves hej ÛewlevÙe Meefkeäle keâe efoJÙe ØekeâeMe, Dece=lejme leLee Deveno
(a) meceÙe keâe meogheÙeesie ve keâjves mes mebieerle kesâ ¤he ceW ØekeâšerkeâjCe neslee nw, efpemes Deelce-mee#eelkeâej keânles nQ~ OÙeeve
(b) meceÙe keâe meogheÙeesie keâjves mes Deelcee keâe Yeespeve leLee cegefkeäle keâe ceeie& nw, efpememes hejce leòJe hejceelcee kesâ
(c) F&MJej keâe OÙeeve Deewj mcejCe keâjves mes jnmÙeeW keâe GodIeešve Deblejelcee ceW neslee nw~
(d) mJeÙeb keâes JÙemle jKeves mes
OÙeeve meYeer OeceeX keâe meej leLee meYeer mebleeW SJeb ceneheg®<eeW Éeje DeheveeÙee ieÙee
4. ceveg<Ùe efvee|o<š keâeue lekeâ peerJeve-ce=lÙeg keâer oMee ceW keâye yevee jnlee nw? ceeie& nw~ OÙeeve kesâ cenòJe keâes mecePes leLee efkeâS efyevee keâesF& Yeer JÙeefkeäle Oeee|cekeâ
(a) meceÙe kesâ og®heÙeesie mes leLee DeOÙeelceJeeoer veneR nes mekeâlee, keäÙeeWefkeâ OÙeeve mes efÛeòe keâe ¤heeblejCe neslee
(b) DeelceIeele keâjves mes nw~ heejueewefkeâkeâ kesâ meeLe-meeLe ueewefkeâkeâ ¤he mes Yeer OÙeeve ceeveJeesheÙeesieer nw~ ceve
(c) meceÙe keâes DecetuÙe Oeve ceeveves mes kesâ efJekeâej Meejerefjkeâ JÙeeefOeÙeeW kesâ cetue nQ~ Fme meeOevee mes MJeemeeW keâer ieefle
(d) ùoÙe hej Yeejer DeeIeele mes
efveÙeefcele nesleer nw, efpememes JÙeeefOekeâejkeâ ÛebÛeue ceve Meeble neslee nw Deewj Deveskeâ
5. ‘‘Ùeefo ceveg<Ùe efJeÛeej keâjs, ieCevee keâjs, lees Gmekeâer mebKÙee cenerveeW leLee Øekeâej keâer JÙeeefOeÙeeW keâe Meceve neslee nw~
Je<eeX lekeâ hengBÛeleer nw’’, JeekeäÙe ceW ‘Gmekeâer’ Meyo efkeâmekesâ efueS ØeÙegkeäle OÙeeve mes ceefmle<keâ keâer ef›eâÙeeMeeruelee yeÌ{leer nw, yegefæ kegâMee«e nesleer nw leLee
ngDee nw? meceÙe-meceÙe hej Deeves Jeeues ØeMveeW keâer mecemÙeeDeeW keâe meceeOeeve Deebleefjkeâ Meefkeäle
(a) peerJeve (b) meceÙe
(c) ce=lÙeg (d) Dekeâce&CÙelee mes neslee nw~ meeOevee mes efveef<›eâÙe oeÙeeB ceefmle<keâ meef›eâÙe nes peelee nw leLee ceefmle<keâ
keâer keâeÙe&kegâMeuelee Deewj Meefkeäle ome iegvee yeÌ{ peeleer nw~ OÙeeve hejceevebo keâe Pejvee
6. Meejerefjkeâ megKe leLee Deeeflcekeâ Deevebo keâer Øeeefhle efkeâme Øekeâej mebYeJe nw? nw~ Fme Øeef›eâÙee ceW Deevebo keâer efjceefPece Je<ee& nesleer nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ meeOekeâ kesâ OÙeevemLe
(a) Oeve mecheefòe Éeje
(b) meceÙe kesâ GefÛele ØeÙeesie Éeje nesves hej ceefmle<keâ ceW lejbieW Glhevve nesleer nQ, pees Meebefle leLee Deevebo keâe keâejCe
(c) F&MJej Éeje nesleer nQ, eEkeâleg Fme nsleg ceve keâe Meeble nesvee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ Øemevvelee keâer Øeeefhle nsleg
(d) Ùes meYeer Deevebo keWâõ hej OÙeeve keâj Gmes pee«ele efkeâÙee peelee nw, efpememes JÙeefkeäle
{hÝXr 31
keâef"ve-mes-keâef"ve heefjefmLeefle ceW Yeer efKevve Je efJeÛeefuele veneR neslee leLee meowJe ~moY 30
Øemevve Je leveeJecegkeäle peerJeve JÙeleerle keâjlee nw~ OÙeeve keâer Øeef›eâÙee mejue nw, efkebâleg
DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw Fmes peeveves keâer~ leòJeÂ<še meodieg® mes Fmekeâes peevekeâj Fmekeâe efMe#ee peerJeve kesâ meJeeËieerCe efJekeâeme nsleg DeefveJeeÙe& nw~ efMe#ee kesâ efyevee ceveg<Ùe
efJeJeskeâMeerue Deewj efMe<š veneR yeve mekeâlee~ efJeJeskeâ mes ceveg<Ùe ceW mener Deewj ieuele
efvelÙe Øeefle DeYÙeeme keâjvee ÛeeefnS~ Ùen meeOevee Meejerefjkeâ, ceeveefmekeâ SJeb yeewefækeâ
keâe ÛeÙeve keâjves keâer #ecelee Glhevve nesleer nw~ efJeJeskeâ mes ner ceveg<Ùe kesâ Yeerlej
efJekeâejeW keâes otj keâj megKe, mece=efæ, oerIee&Ùeg leLee Deevebo ØeoeÙekeâ nw~ mJeÙeb kesâ
Gmekesâ ÛeejeW Deesj Iešles Iešvee›eâceeW kesâ Øeefle Skeâ GefÛele Âef<škeâesCe Glhevve neslee
Deefleefjkeäle heefjJeej SJeb efJeMJe ceW Meebefle Je cebieue-YeeJevee nsleg Yeer meeOevee
nw~ efMe#ee ner ceeveJe-keâes-ceeveJe kesâ Øeefle ceeveJeerÙe YeeJeveeDeeW mes heesef<ele keâjleer nw~
DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~
efMe#ee mes ceveg<Ùe Deheves heefjJesMe kesâ Øeefle pee«ele neskeâj keâòe&JÙeeefYecegKe nes peelee nw~
1. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej Meejerefjkeâ JÙeeefOeÙeeW keâe cetue efkeâmes keâne ieÙee nw? ‘mJe’ mes ‘hej’ keâer Deesj De«emej nesves ueielee nw~ efveye&ue keâer meneÙelee keâjvee,
(a) OÙeeve keâes (b) ceve keâer Meebefle keâes
ogefKeÙeeW kesâ og:Ke otj keâjves keâe ØeÙeeme keâjvee, otmejeW kesâ og:Ke mes og:Keer nes peevee
(c) ceve kesâ efJekeâej keâes (d) ÛebÛeue ceve keâes
Deewj otmejeW kesâ megKe mes mJeÙeb megKe keâe DevegYeJe keâjvee pewmeer yeeleW Skeâ efMeef#ele
2. ceeveJe nleeMe, efvejeMe Deewj og:Keer keäÙeeW jnlee nw? ceeveJe ceW mejuelee mes osKeves keâes efceue peeleer nQ~ Fefleneme, meeefnlÙe,
(a) mJeÙeb kesâ keâceeX kesâ keâejCe jepeveerefleMeem$e, meceepeMeem$e, oMe&veMeem$e FlÙeeefo heÌ{keâj efJeÅeeLeea efJeÉeved ner
(b) F&MJej keâe %eeve ve nesves kesâ keâejCe veneR yevelee, Jejved GmeceW Skeâ efJeefMe<š peerJeve Âef<š, jÛeveelcekeâlee Deewj
(c) yegefæ kesâ DeYeeJe kesâ keâejCe
(d) otmejeW kesâ megKe kesâ keâejCe
heefjhekeäJelee keâe me=peve Yeer neslee nw~ efMeef#ele meeceeefpekeâ heefjJesMe ceW JÙeefkeäle
DeefMeef#ele meeceeefpekeâ heefjJesMe keâer leguevee ceW meowJe ner GÛÛe mlej hej
3. efkeâmekesâ ceeOÙece mes ceve keâes Skeâe«e keâj ØeeCe Je Deelcee ceW efmLej efkeâÙee peerJeve-Ùeeheve keâjlee nw~
peelee nw?
(a) F&MJej kesâ (b) ieg® kesâ Deepe kesâ DeeOegefvekeâ Ùegie ceW efMe#ee keâe DeLe& yeoue jne nw~ efMe#ee Yeeweflekeâ Deekeâeb#ee
(c) Meefkeäle kesâ (d) OÙeeve kesâ keâer hetefle& keâe meeOeve yeveleer pee jner nw~ JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee kesâ DebOeevegkeâjCe mes
Úe$e mewæebeflekeâ efMe#ee mes otj nesles pee jns nQ, efpemekesâ keâejCe ™me keâer ›eâebefle,
4. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej Deelce mee#eelkeâej mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw? øeâebme keâer ›eâebefle, Decesefjkeâer ›eâebefle, meceepeJeeo, hetBpeerJeeo, jepeveereflekeâ JÙeJemLee,
(a) mJeÙeb mes heefjefÛele nesvee
(b) mJeÙeb keâes leveeJecegkeäle jKevee
meebmke=âeflekeâ cetuÙeeW Deeefo keâer meeceevÙe peevekeâejer Yeer JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee «enCe
(c) ùoÙe ceW DebleÉËÉ Ûeuevee keâjves Jeeues Úe$eeW keâes veneR nw~ Ùen efMe#ee keâe efJeMegæ jes]peieejesvcegKeer ™he nw~
(d) F&MJej Øeeefhle kesâ efueS Øesefjle nesvee efMe#ee kesâ Øeefle Fme Øekeâej keâe mebkegâefÛele Âef<škeâesCe Deheveekeâj efJeJeskeâMeerue
veeieefjkeâeW keâe efvecee&Ce veneR efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee~ Yeejle pewmes efJekeâemeMeerue osMe ceW
5. OÙeeve keâjves mes ceveg<Ùe keâes keäÙee ueeYe neslee nw?
(a) yegefæ kegâMee«e nesleer nw
efMe#ee jes]peieej keâe meeOeve ve neskeâj meeOÙe nes ieF& nw~ Fme kegâØeJe=efòe hej DebkegâMe
(b) ceefmle<keâ keâer ef›eâÙeeMeeruelee yeÌ{leer nw ueieevee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ peneB ceeveefJekeâer kesâ Úe$eeW keâes he$ekeâeefjlee, meeefnlÙe-me=peve,
(c) mecemÙeeDeeW keâe meceeOeeve keâjves keâer Deebleefjkeâ Meefkeäle yeÌ{leer nw efJe%eeheve, pevemebheke&â FlÙeeefo keâesme& Yeer keâjeS peeves ÛeeefnS, leeefkeâ GvnW jes]peieej
(d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer kesâ efueS Yeškeâvee ve heÌ[s, JeneR JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ keâesme& keâjves Jeeues Úe$eeW keâes
6. Øemevvelee keâer Øeeefhle kesâ efueS efkeâme hej OÙeeve ueieeÙee peelee nw? ceeveefJekeâer kesâ efJe<eÙe; pewmes—Fefleneme, meeefnlÙe, jepeveerefleMeem$e, oMe&ve Deeefo keâe
(a) ceefmle<keâ (b) Deevebo keWâõ LeesÌ[e-yengle DeOÙeÙeve DeJeMÙe keâjvee ÛeeefnS, leeefkeâ meceepe keâes efJeJeskeâMeerue
(c) ùoÙe (d) keâeÙe&kegâMeuelee veeieefjkeâ Øeehle nesles jnW, leYeer meceepe ceW meblegueve yevee jn mekesâiee~
7. ieÅeebMe kesâ DeeOeej hej yeleeFS efkeâ OÙeeve keâer Øeef›eâÙee kewâmeer nesleer nw? 1. ceveg<Ùe ceW mener Deewj ieuele keâe ÛeÙeve keâjves keâer #ecelee efkeâmemes Glhevve
(a) mejue (b) iebYeerj nesleer nw?
(c) yeesOeiecÙe (d) efkeäue<š (a) efMe#ee mes (b) efMe<šeÛeej mes
(c) efJeJeskeâ mes (d) meleke&âlee mes
8. OÙeeve kesâ Éeje ceveg<Ùe keâes efkeâme Øekeâej kesâ megKe keâer Øeeefhle nesleer nw?
(a) yeewefækeâ (b) meeeflJekeâ 2. ‘mJe’ mes ‘hej’ keâer Deesj De«emej nesves mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw?
(c) hejceevebo (d) Meejerefjkeâ (a) mJeÙeb keâes Yetue peevee
(b) mJeÙeb mes hejeÙee nes peevee
9. OÙeeve kesâ cenòJe keâes mecePes efyevee Ùee efkeâS efyevee keâesF& Yeer JÙeefkeäle Oeee|cekeâ
(c) hejeshekeâej keâjvee
leLee DeOÙeelceJeeoer keäÙeeW veneR nes mekeâlee?
(d) mJeeLeea nes peevee
(a) keäÙeeWefkeâ mebleeW Éeje Fmes DeheveeÙee ieÙee nw
(b) keäÙeeWefkeâ OÙeeve mes efÛeòe keâe ™heeblejCe neslee nw 3. Skeâ efMeef#ele JÙeefkeäle ceW meceepe keâuÙeeCe nsleg efkeâve yeeleeW keâe nesvee
(c) keäÙeeWefkeâ OÙeeve mes JÙeefkeäle mJeeLeea neslee nw DeeJeMÙekeâ nw?
(d) keäÙeeWefkeâ OÙeeve meYeer keâ<šeW keâe efveJeejCe nw (a) efveye&ue keâer meneÙelee keâjvee
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? (b) otmejeW kesâ og:Ke mes og:Keer nes peevee
(a) ceve keâer Meebefle hej (b) OÙeeve kesâ cenòJe hej (c) og:efKeÙeeW kesâ og:Ke otj keâjves keâe ØeÙeeme keâjvee
(c) Deevebo Øeeefhle kesâ meeOeve hej (d) ceefmle<keâ kesâ efJekeâeme hej (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
4. efMe#ee kesâ Éeje ceveg<Ùe ceW kewâmeer YeeJevee Glhevve nesleer nw? mekesâ, meceepe kesâ DevÙe meomÙe ÙeLeeLe& mes JebefÛele SJeb Yeüce kesâ efMekeâej ve jnW~ Ùen
(a) Yeeweflekeâ Gvveefle keâer (b) JemegOewJe kegâšgbyekeâce keâer meeceeefpekeâ JÙeJemLee keâes ve kesâJeue megÛee® {bie mes heefjÛeeefuele keâjves ceW meneÙekeâ
(c) mJeeLe& hete|le keâer (d) DevegMeemevenervelee keâer nw, yeefukeâ Fve meeceeefpekeâ cetuÙeeW kesâ ceeOÙece mes meceepe Deheves meomÙeeW keâes lÙeeie
5. ‘efMe#ee Yeeweflekeâ Deekeâeb#ee keâer hete|le keâe meeOeve yeveleer pee jner nw’, hebefkeäle keâe keâjves SJeb hejefnle keâes OÙeeve ceW jKeves keâer Yeer meerKe oslee nw~ Ùen meeceeefpekeâ cetuÙeeW
keäÙee DeeMeÙe nw? keâes Deewj GÛÛe mlejerÙe yeveeves SJeb ieefjcee Øeoeve keâjves keâe Yeer keâeÙe& keâjlee nw~
(a) JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee ceveg<Ùe keâes meYeer megefJeOeeSB GheueyOe keâjeleer nw keâne pee mekeâlee nw efkeâ melÙe yeesuevee Skeâ kegbâpeer DeLee&led DeeOeejYetle meeceeefpekeâ
(b) JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee Jele&ceeve ceW cee$e Oeve keâceeves keâe meeOeve yeveleer pee cetuÙe nw, efpememes DevÙe meeceeefpekeâ cetuÙe DeblemeËyebefOele nQ~
jner nw
Fmekesâ "erkeâ efJehejerle Pet" yeesuevee meyemes yeÌ[e JÙeefkeäleiele SJeb meeceeefpekeâ ogieg&Ce
(c) JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee ceveg<Ùe kesâ ue#Ùe Øeeefhle keâe meeOeve yeve jner nw
(d) JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee ceeveJeerÙe cetuÙeeW keâe efJemleej keâjves keâe meeOeve nw nw~ Pet" yeesuevee Skeâ Øekeâej keâer Ûeesjer nw, efpemeceW efkeâmeer keâer Âef<š mes leLÙeeW keâes
efÚheeÙee peelee nw~ Ùen ueesieeW keâes ve kesâJeue JeemleefJekeâlee mes otj jKelee nw, yeefukeâ
6. JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee kesâ DebOeevegkeâjCe keâe keäÙee heefjCeece meeceves DeeÙee nw? YeeJeer heefjCeece kesâ Øeefle Yeer meleke&â nesves mes JebefÛele keâjlee nw, efpemekesâ
(a) Úe$e mewæebeflekeâ efMe#ee mes otj nesles pee jns nQ
heefjCeecemJe™he JÙeehekeâ mlej hej meceepe SJeb otmejs meomÙeeW keâes #eefle nesleer nw~
(b) Úe$e keâe meJeeËieerCe efJekeâeme leer›e ieefle mes nes jne nw
(c) Úe$e meeceeefpekeâ nesles pee jns nQ
Ùen JÙeefkeäle SJeb meeceeefpekeâ oesveeW mlejeW hej DelÙeefOekeâ vegkeâmeeveoeÙekeâ SJeb
(d) Úe$e Dehevee GòejoeefÙelJe mJeÙeb G"e jns nQ keâ<šoeÙeer neslee nw~ Ùen meeceeefpekeâ mlej hej efkeâÙee peeves Jeeuee meJee&efOekeâ
vekeâejelcekeâ JÙeJenej nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ Fmekeâe ØeYeeJe Jele&ceeve kesâ meeLe-meeLe YeefJe<Ùe
7. JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee «enCe keâjves Jeeues Úe$eeW keâes efkeâmekeâer peevekeâejer veneR hej Yeer DelÙeble iebYeerj ™he mes heÌ[lee nw~ Pet" yeesueves kesâ keâejCe JÙeefkeäle keâYeer Yeer
nw? JeemleefJekeâlee mes heefjefÛele veneR nes heelee, heefjCeecemJe™he Jen ve lees Gmes heefjJeefle&le
(a) jepeveereflekeâ JÙeJemLee keâer (b) meebmke=âeflekeâ cetuÙeeW keâer
(c) meeceevÙe Fefleneme keâer (d) Ùes meYeer
keâjves kesâ efueS keâesF& ØeÙeeme keâj heelee nw Deewj ve ner mebYeeefJele og<heefjCeeceeW kesâ Øeefle
meleke&â nes heelee nw~
8. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej, efJeJeskeâMeerue veeieefjkeâeW keâe efvecee&Ce keâjves ceW efkeâmes
yeeOekeâ ceevee ieÙee nw? FmeefueS keâne ieÙee nw efkeâ Pet" yeesueves mes yeÌ[e keâesF& heehe veneR nw~ ‘heehe’ Fme DeLe&
(a) DeeOegefvekeâ efMe#ee keâes ceW efkeâ Ùen nceW efoiYeüefcele keâjkesâ JeebefÚle keâòe&JÙeeW mes JebefÛele jKelee nw~ Pet" Ùee
(b) efMe#ee kesâ Øeefle mebkegâefÛele Âef<škeâesCe keâes DemelÙe keâLeve ner yegjeFÙeeW keâer peÌ[ nw~ ogefveÙee ceW Deeves Jeeues efkeâmeer yeÛÛes Éeje
(c) meceleecetuekeâ meceepe keâes meyemes henuee ieuele keâeÙe& Pet" yeesuevee ner nw Deewj ÙeneR mes GmeceW YeeJeer
(d) efMe#ee kesâ Øeefle JÙeehekeâ Âef<škeâesCe keâes DeveweflekeâleeDeeW SJeb DehejeOeeW keâer veeRJe heÌ[leer nw, FmeefueS keâne peelee nw efkeâ Pet"
9. JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ keâesme& keâjves Jeeues Úe$eeW keâes efkeâmekeâe DeOÙeÙeve DeJeMÙe keâjvee yeesuevee meYeer heeheeW keâe cetue nw~
ÛeeefnS? 1. Jele&ceeve meceÙe ceW ceveg<Ùe mJeÙeb kesâ ueeYe kesâ efueS efkeâmekeâe meneje ueslee nw?
(a) hetBpeerJeeo keâe (b) meceepe JÙeJemLee keâe (a) Pet" keâe
(c) ceeveefJekeâer efJe<eÙe keâe (d) ceeveJe cetuÙe keâe (b) Deveweflekeâlee keâe
10. ieÅeebMe ceW efkeâme kegâØeJe=efòe hej DebkegâMe ueieeves keâer yeele keâer (c) Yeüce keâe
(d) meYeer Øekeâej kesâ Úue-ØehebÛe keâe
ieF& nw?
(a) efMe#ee jespeieej Øeeefhle keâe meeOeve ve neskeâj meeOÙe yeveves keâer 2. ceeveJeerÙe JÙeJenej keâe DelÙeble cenòJehetCe& iegCe efkeâmes ceevee ieÙee nw?
(b) efMe#ee kesâ meJeeËieerCe efJekeâeme keâer (a) veweflekeâlee (b) ØeieefleMeeruelee
(c) efMe#ee kesâ jespeieejesvcegKeer ve nesves keâer (c) melÙe yeesuevee (d) efvejblejlee
(d) efMe#ee kesâ yeÌ{les cetuÙe keâes keâce keâjves keâer
3. YeeJeer Deveweflekeâlee SJeb DehejeOeeW keâer veeRJe keâneB mes heÌ[leer nw?
(a) yeÛÛes Éeje Pet" yeesuevee DeejbYe keâjves mes
~moY 31 (b) yeÛeheve ceW heeefjJeeefjkeâ heefjJesMe mes efceues ieuele ceeie&oMe&ve mes
(c) Demeeceeefpekeâ keâeÙeeX ceW menÙeesie osves mes
DeeOegefvekeâ meceepe ceW ceveg<Ùe keâer meesÛe efme]he&â mJeÙeb lekeâ ner meerefcele nes ieF& nw~ (d) heehe keâce& ceW meuebive jnves mes
veweflekeâlee efme]he&â otmejeW keâes GheosMe osves keâer Jemleg yevekeâj jn ieF& nw~ Deepe ceveg<Ùe
mJeÙeb keâes ueeYe hengBÛeeves kesâ efueS meYeer Øekeâej kesâ Úue-ØehebÛeeW keâe meneje ueslee nw~ 4. meeceeefpekeâ cetuÙeeW keâes Deewj GÛÛe mlejerÙe yeveeves SJeb ieefjcee Øeoeve keâjves keâe
owefvekeâ peerJeve ceW ceeveJeerÙe JÙeJenej kesâ Debleie&le Skeâ DelÙeefOekeâ cenòJehetCe& iegCe keâeÙe& keâewve keâjlee nw?
(a) meeceeefpekeâ keâeÙe&keâlee& (b) meceepe efvecee&lee
melÙe yeesueves mebyebOeer nw, efpememes meeceeefpekeâ JÙeJemLee SJeb ceeveJeerÙe mebyebOe efveyee&Oe (c) YeeJeer veweflekeâlee (d) melÙe yeesuevee
™he mes efvejblej ØeieefleMeerue jn mekeWâ~ uesefkeâve Skeâ meceÙe Deheveer melÙeJeeefolee keâes
efveYeevess Jeeues jepee nefjMÛebõ kesâ DelegueveerÙe lÙeeie keâer keâuhevee keâjvee Yeer Deye 5. melÙe yeesuevee Skeâ DeeOeejYetle meeceeefpekeâ cetuÙe keäÙeeW nw?
ogue&Ye nw, Jewmee JeemleefJekeâ JÙeJenej lees DemebYeJe nw~ nceejs meceepe kesâ efvecee&leeDeeW (a) keäÙeeWefkeâ Fmemes DevÙe meeceeefpekeâ cetuÙe mebyebefOele nQ
(b) keäÙeeWefkeâ ceneheg®<eeW ves Fmes DeefOekeâ cenòJe efoÙee nw
ves meeceeefpekeâ cetuÙeeW ceW melÙe yeesueves keâes Flevee cenòJe FmeefueS Øeoeve efkeâÙee, (c) keäÙeeWefkeâ Ùen meceepe keâer Øeieefle ceW meneÙekeâ nw
leeefkeâ ceveg<Ùe Deble:ef›eâÙee keâjves Jeeues otmejs ceveg<ÙeeW kesâ meeLe Úue-keâheš ve keâj (d) keäÙeeWefkeâ Fmekesâ Éeje JÙeefkeäle keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee hetCe& nesleer nw
{hÝXr 33
6. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâmemes meceepe kesâ meomÙeeW kesâ yeerÛe efkeâmeer lejn kesâ Yeüce me=ef<š nesleer nw~ leguemeeroeme peye mJeeble: megKeeÙe keâeJÙe jÛevee keâjles nQ leye
Ùee DeefveMÛeÙe keâer efmLeefle veneR jnleer nw? DeefYeØeeÙe Ùen veneR jnlee efkeâ ceeveJe meceepe kesâ efueS Fme jÛevee keâe keâesF& GheÙeesie
(a) Úue-keâheš keâjves (b) melÙe yeesueves mes veneR nw, yeefukeâ Gvekesâ Deble:keâjCe ceW mebhetCe& mebmeej keâer megKe-YeeJevee SJeb
(c) Pet" yeesueves mes (d) DehejeOe ve keâjves mes efnle-keâecevee meefvveefnle jnleer nw~ pees meeefnlÙekeâej Deheves mebhetCe& JÙeefkeälelJe keâes
7. efkeâmekesâ heefjCeecemJe¤he meceepe SJeb otmejs meomÙeeW keâes #eefle nesleer nw? JÙeehekeâ ueeskeâ-peerJeve ceW meefvveefJe<š keâj oslee nw, Gmeer kesâ neLeeW mLeeÙeer SJeb
(a) Pet" kesâ (b) melÙe kesâ ØesjCeeØeo meeefnlÙe keâe me=peve nes mekeâlee nw~ Ssmee meeefnlÙe kesâJeue Deheves ner meceÙe
(c) JeemleefJekeâlee kesâ (d) vekeâejelcekeâ JÙeJenej kesâ ceW Øeemebefiekeâ veneR jnlee, yeefukeâ meowJe kesâ efueS Øeemebefiekeâ nes peelee nw~
8. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve-mee keâLeve ‘Pet"’ kesâ meboYe& ceW DemelÙe nw? efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(a) Ùen JÙeefkeäleiele leLee meeceeefpekeâ ogieg&Ce nw
(b) FmeceW leLÙeeW keâes mhe<š efkeâÙee peelee nw 1. Jele&ceeve Ùegie ceW hegjeves meeefnlÙe kesâ Øeefle ueesieeW keâer ®efÛe keâce nesves keâe keäÙee
(c) Ùen ueesieeW keâes JeemleefJekeâlee mes otj jKelee nw keâejCe nw?
(d) Ùen JÙeefkeäle Deewj meeceeefpekeâ oesveeW mlejeW hej vegkeâmeeveoeÙeer nw (a) ceveg<Ùe keâe mJeYeeJe (b) hee"keâ keâer DeefYe®efÛe ceW heefjJele&ve
(c) mebkegâefÛele efJeÛeejOeeje (d) efkeäue<š MeyoeJeueer mes ceesn Yebie
9. ‘Pet" yeesueves mes yeÌ[e keâesF& heehe veneR nw’, Ssmee keânves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nes
mekeâlee nw? 2. meeefnlÙe kesâ Øeefle hee"keâ keâe efvelÙe Deekeâ<e&Ce efkeâme hej efveYe&j keâjlee nw?
(a) Pet" JÙeefkeäle Deheves efnle kesâ efueS yeesuelee nw (a) meeefnlÙe kesâ keâuee he#e hej
(b) Pet" nceW efoiYeüefcele keâjkesâ JeebefÚle keâòe&JÙeeW mes JebefÛele jKelee nw (b) uesKekeâ kesâ YeeJe yeesOe hej
(c) Pet" meeceeefpekeâ yegjeFÙeeW keâes peÌ[ mes meceehle keâjlee nw (c) meeefnlÙe ceW JeefCe&le peerJeve cetuÙe Deewj Gmekeâer keâueelcekeâ
(d) Pet" mes JeemleefJekeâlee mes heoe& nšeÙee pee mekeâlee nw DeefYeJÙeefkeäle hej
(d) meeefnlÙe ceW efveefnle GheosMe hej
(a) meÛe Deewj Pet" kesâ ØeYeeJe hej 3. peerJeve kesâ efJekeâeme ceW hegjeves meeefnlÙe keâe keâewve-mee DebMe mJeerkeâeÙe& nesiee?
(a) ceveg<Ùe ceW DeemLee Je efJeMJeeme peieeves Jeeuee
(b) vekeâejelcekeâ efJeÛeejeW kesâ meceecesueve hej
(b) nceejer hejbhejeDeeW keâes Jenve keâjves Jeeuee
(c) Pet" yeesueves keâer Deeole hej
(c) ceveg<Ùe keâer Deeefoce ØeJe=efòeÙeeW keâe efveoMe&ve peieeves Jeeuee
(d) melÙe kesâ ØeYeeJe hej
(d) veJeerve peerJeve cetuÙeeW kesâ efJekeâeme ceW meef›eâÙe menÙeesie osves Jeeuee
~moY 32 4. ‘meeefnlÙekeâej efvejhes#e neslee nw, Gme hej keâesF& oyeeJe Deejesefhele veneR nesvee
ÛeeefnS’, Ùen keâewve ceevelee nw?
meeefnlÙe keâer MeeMJelelee keâe ØeMve Skeâ cenòJehetCe& ØeMve nw~ keäÙee meeefnlÙe MeeMJele (a) meceepe-megOeejkeâ
neslee nw? Ùeefo neB, lees efkeâme ceeÙeves ceW? keäÙee keâesF& meeefnlÙe Deheves jÛeveekeâeue kesâ (b) uesKekeâ mJeÙeb
meew Je<e& yeerle peeves hej Yeer Glevee ner Øeemebefiekeâ jnlee nw, efpelevee Jen Deheveer jÛevee (c) meeefnlÙe keâer meeceeefpekeâ Øeefleyeælee keâes DemJeerkeâej keâjves Jeeues ueesie
kesâ meceÙe Lee? Deheves meceÙe kesâ Ùegie keâe efvecee&lee meeefnlÙekeâej keäÙee meew Je<e& yeeo (d) meeefnlÙe keâer meeceeefpekeâ cenòee keâes mJeerkeâej keâjves Jeeues ueesie
keâer heefjefmLeefleÙeeW keâe Yeer Ùegie-efvecee&lee nes mekeâlee nw? meceÙe yeouelee jnlee nw, 5. meeefnlÙe kesâ efvecee&Ce keâer cetue ØesjCee efkeâmeceW efJeÅeceeve jnleer nw?
heefjefmLeefleÙeeB Deewj YeeJeyeesOe yeoueles nQ, meeefnlÙe yeouelee nw Deewj Fmeer kesâ (a) meceepe ceW (b) ceeveJe peerJeve ceW
meceeveeblej hee"keâ keâer ceeveefmekeâlee Deewj DeefYe®efÛe Yeer yeoueleer nw~ Dele: keâesF& Yeer (c) Ùegieerve heefjefmLeefleÙeeW ceW (d) meeefneflÙekeâ efJeOee efJeMes<e ceW
keâefJelee Deheves meeceefÙekeâ heefjJesMe kesâ yeoue peeves hej "erkeâ Jener Gòespevee hewoe veneR 6. mLeeÙeer SJeb ØesjCeeØeo meeefnlÙe keâe efvecee&Ce efkeâme Øekeâej keâe meeefnlÙekeâej
keâj mekeâleer, pees Gmeves Deheves jÛeveekeâeue kesâ oewjeve keâer nesieer~ keânves keâe leelheÙe& keâj mekeâlee nw?
Ùen nw efkeâ Skeâ efJeMes<e Øekeâej kesâ meeefnlÙe kesâ ßes<" DeefmlelJe cee$e mes Jen meeefnlÙe (a) meeefnlÙeMeem$e kesâ %eeve mes hetCe&
nj Ùegie kesâ efueS Glevee ner efJeMes<e Deekeâ<e&Ce jKes, Ùen DeeJeMÙekeâ veneR nw~ Ùener (b) Deheves JÙeefkeälelJe kesâ Øeefle hetCe& meÛesle
keâejCe nw efkeâ Jele&ceeve Ùegie ceW Fbieuee-efhebieuee, meg<egcvee, Deveno, veeo Deeefo (c) peerJeve-cetuÙeeW mes DeJeiele
heeefjYeeef<ekeâ MeyoeJeueer ceve ceW efJeMes<e YeeJeesòespeve veneR keâjleer~ meeefnlÙe keâer (d) Deheves JÙeefkeälelJe keâe efJemleej keâj Gmes ueeskeâ peerJeve ceW meefvveefJe<š keâjves
Jeeuee
ßes<"lee cee$e ner Gmekesâ efvelÙe Deekeâ<e&Ce keâe DeeOeej veneR nw~ Gmekeâer ßes<"lee keâe
ÙegieÙegieerve DeeOeej nw Jes peerJeve-cetuÙe leLee Gvekeâer DelÙeble keâueelcekeâ DeefYeJÙeefkeäle 7. leguemeeroeme keâer keâeJÙe jÛevee keâe DeeOeej keäÙee nw?
pees ceveg<Ùe keâer mJeleb$elee leLee GÛÛelej ceeveJe efJekeâeme kesâ efueS heLe-ØeoMe&keâ keâe (a) jece keâer Yeefkeäle (b) nvegceeve keâer Jeerjlee
keâece keâjleer nw~ hegjeves meeefnlÙe keâe kesâJeue Jener ßeer meeQoÙe& nceejs efueS «eeÿe nesiee, (c) mJeeble: megKeeÙe (d) efnle-keâecevee
pees veJeerve peerJeve-cetuÙeeW kesâ efJekeâeme ceW meef›eâÙe menÙeesie os DeLeJee efmLeefle j#ee ceW 8. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve-mee keâLeve meeefnlÙe kesâ meboYe& ceW DemelÙe nw?
meneÙekeâ nes~ kegâÚ ueesie meeefnlÙe keâer meeceeefpekeâ Øeefleyeælee keâes DemJeerkeâej keâjles (a) meeefnlÙe MeeMJele neslee nw
nQ~ Jes ceeveles nQ efkeâ meeefnlÙekeâej efvejhes#e neslee nw Deewj Gme hej keâesF& Yeer oyeeJe (b) meeefnlÙe keâer ßes<"lee peerJeve-cetuÙe Deewj Gvekeâer keâueelcekeâlee hej efveYe&j
Deejesefhele veneR nesvee ÛeeefnS, efkebâleg Jes Yetue peeles nQ efkeâ meeefnlÙe kesâ efvecee&Ce keâer keâjleer nw
(c) meeefnlÙe keâer me=ef<š peerJeve kesâ efueS nesleer nw
cetue ØesjCee ceeveJe-peerJeve ceW ner efJeÅeceeve jnleer nw, peerJeve kesâ efueS ner Gmekeâer
(d) hegjevee meeefnlÙe «enCe keâjves ÙeesiÙe veneR nw
9. meeceefÙekeâ heefjJesMe kesâ yeoue peeves hej keâefJelee hej keäÙee ØeYeeJe heÌ[lee nw? 4. mJeeceer efJeJeskeâevebo efkeâme yeele keâes mecePeles Les?
(a) keâefJelee Deheves jÛeveekeâeue pewmeer Gòespevee hewoe veneR keâj heeleer nw (a) Yeejle osMe efkeâmeer Skeâ Oece&, cele Ùee efJeÛeejOeeje keâe veneR nw
(b) keâefJelee efJeefYevve heefjJesMeeW ceW Deheveer henÛeeve yeveeS jKeleer nw (b) Yeejle ceW efJeefYevve OeceeX, mebØeoeÙeeW kesâ yeerÛe mebJeeo veneR nesvee ÛeeefnS
(c) keâefJelee keâes Glevee ner cenòJe efceuelee nw efpelevee Deheves meceÙe ceW efceuelee (c) Yeejle ceW meYeer OeceeX keâes mLeeve osvee GefÛele veneR nw
Lee (d) Yeejle ceW Oeee|cekeâ Deveg<"eveeW keâes cenòJe veneR osvee ÛeeefnS
(d) keâefJelee kesâ DeLe& heefjJeefle&le nes peeles nQ
5. efJeJeskeâevebo peer ves efkeâmekeâes ceveg<Ùe keâer mesJee kesâ keWâõ ceW jKekeâj DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? eEÛeleve efkeâÙee?
(a) keâuee kesâ cenòJe hej (b) meeefnlÙe Deewj meceepe hej (a) meceepe keâes (b) jerefle-efjJeepe keâes
(c) meeefnlÙe keâer Øeemebefiekeâlee hej (d) meeefnlÙekeâej kesâ oeefÙelJe hej (c) Deveg<"eveeW keâes (d) Oece& keâes
6. efJeefYevve Oece& mebØeoeÙeeW kesâ yeerÛe mebJeeo nesves mes keäÙee nesiee?
~moY 33 (a) efJeJeeoeW keâe Deble keâjves kesâ efueS jemlee efceuesiee
(d) efJeefYevve mebØeoeÙeeW keâer Deveskeâ™helee mes meYeer Oeee|cekeâ DeemLeeDeeW kesâ ueesieeW
Deepe efkeâmeer Yeer JÙeefkeäle keâe meyemes Deueie Skeâ šehet keâer lejn peervee mebYeJe veneR kesâ efJeÛeejeW keâe helee Ûeuesiee
jn ieÙee nw~ ceeveJe meceepe ceW efJeefYevve hebLeeW Deewj efJeefJeOe cele-celeeblejeW kesâ ueesie (c) efJeefYevve Oeee|cekeâ mebmLeeDeeW Je Gvekesâ celeeW keâe Yeso helee Ûeuesiee
meeLe-meeLe jn jns nQ~ Ssmes ceW Ùen DeefOekeâ DeeJeMÙekeâ nes ieÙee nw efkeâ ueesie (d) meYeer efJeJeeoeW keâer peÌ[ keâe helee Ûeuesiee
Skeâ-otmejs keâes peeveW; Gvekeâer DeeJeMÙekeâleeDeeW keâes, Gvekeâer FÛÚeDeeW-Deekeâeb#eeDeeW
7. mJeeceer efJeJeskeâevebo ves meYeer ueesieeW Éeje Skeâ ner Oece&, cele, hetpee-heæefle keâes
keâes mecePeW; GvnW JejerÙelee oW Deewj Gvekesâ Oeeefce&keâ efJeMJeemeeW, heæefleÙeeW, Deveg‰eveeW
Deheveeves Ùee ceeveves keâes kewâmeer efmLeefle ceevee nw?
keâes mecceeve oW~ Yeejle pewmes osMe ceW Ùen Deewj Yeer DeefOekeâ DeeJeMÙekeâ nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ (a) meewYeeiÙehetCe& (b) mekeâejelcekeâ
Ùen osMe efkeâmeer Skeâ Oece&, cele Ùee efJeÛeejOeeje keâe veneR nw~ mJeeceer efJeJeskeâevebo Fme (c) ogYee&iÙehetCe& (d) vekeâejelcekeâ
yeele keâes mecePeles Les Deewj Deheves DeeÛeej-efJeÛeej ceW Jes Deheves meceÙe mes yengle Deeies
Les~ GvneWves Oece& keâes ceveg<Ùe keâer mesJee kesâ keWâõ ceW jKekeâj ner DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ 8. efJeJeskeâevebo peer ves cebefojeW ceW efkeâvnW mLeeefhele keâjves keâe cele efoÙee?
(a) osefJeÙeeW keâes
efÛebleve efkeâÙee Lee~ GvneWves Ùen efJeõesner yeÙeeve efoÙee efkeâ Fme osMe kesâ leQleerme (b) osJeleeDeeW keâes
keâjesÌ[ YetKes, oefjõ Deewj kegâhees<eCe kesâ efMekeâej ueesieeW keâes osJeer-osJeleeDeeW keâer (c) oefjõ Je kegâhees<eCe kesâ efMekeâej ueesieeW keâes
lejn cebefojeW ceW mLeeefhele keâj efoÙee peeS Deewj cebefojeW mes osJeer-osJeleeDeeW keâer (d) meeceevÙe ceveg<ÙeeW keâes
cete|leÙeeW keâes nše efoÙee peeS~ Gvekeâe ÂÌ{ cele Lee efkeâ efJeefYevve OeceeX-mebØeoeÙeeW kesâ
9. ieÅeebMe ceW efkeâmekeâer DeeJeMÙekeâleeDeeW leLee FÛÚeDeeW keâe mecceeve keâjves keâer
yeerÛe mebJeeo nesvee ner ÛeeefnS~ Jes efJeefYevve mebØeoeÙeeW keâer Deveskeâ™helee keâes GefÛele
yeele keâner ieF& nw?
Deewj mJeeYeeefJekeâ ceeveles Les~ mJeeceer peer efJeefYevve Oeeefce&keâ DeemLeeDeeW kesâ yeerÛe (a) efJeJeskeâevebo peer keâer
meecebpemÙe mLeeefhele keâjves kesâ he#eOej Les Deewj meYeer keâes Skeâ ner Oece& keâe DevegÙeeÙeer (b) efJeefYevve celeeW keâes ceeveves Jeeues ueesieeW keâer
yeveeves kesâ efJe®æ Les~ Jes keâne keâjles Les—‘‘Ùeefo meYeer ceeveJe Skeâ ner Oece& keâes ceeveves (c) GÛÛe Jeie& kesâ ueesieeW keâer
ueieW, Skeâ ner hetpee-heæefle keâes Dehevee ueW Deewj Skeâ-meer veweflekeâlee keâe Devegheeueve (d) efvecve Jeie& kesâ ueesieeW keâer
keâjves ueieW, lees Ùen meyemes ogYee&iÙehetCe& yeele nesieer, keäÙeeWefkeâ Ùen meye nceejs Oeeefce&keâ 10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
Deewj DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ efJekeâeme kesâ efueS ØeeCeIeelekeâ nesiee leLee nceW nceejer meebmke=âeflekeâ (a) Deveskeâlee ceW Skeâlee hej (b) Oece& DeeOeeefjle meceepe hej
peÌ[eW mes keâeš osiee~’’ (c) mebØeoeÙe celeYeso hej (c) meceepe JÙeJemLee hej
efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
1. ‘šehet keâer lejn’ peerves mes uesKekeâ keâe keäÙee DeefYeØeeÙe nw? ~moY 34
(a) Ieceb[ ceW jnvee (b) meceepe mes Deueie jnvee heefMÛece keâer ØeewÅeesefiekeâer Deewj hetJe& keâer Oece&Ûeslevee keâe meJe&ßes<" ueskeâj ner veF&
(c) meceepe mes pegÌ[keâj jnvee (d) efJeveceü yevekeâj jnvee
ceeveJe mebmke=âefle keâe efvecee&Ce mebYeJe nw~ heefMÛece veÙee Oece& Ûeenlee nw, hetJe& veÙee
2. Yeejle pewmes osMe ceW keäÙee DeeJeMÙekeâ nes ieÙee nw? %eeve~ oesveeW keâer Deheveer-Deheveer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw~ JeneB Ùeb$e nw, ceb$e veneR~ ÙeneB ceb$e
(a) Oeee|cekeâ mJeleb$elee nw, Ùeb$e veneR~ JeneB Yeeweflekeâ mebhevvelee nw, ÙeneB DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ mebhevvelee nw~ heefMÛece
(b) Skeâ-otmejs kesâ efJehejerle jnvee kesâ DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ owvÙe keâes otj keâjves ceW hetJe& keâer cew$eer, keâ®Cee Deewj DeeEnmee kesâ
(c) Skeâ-otmejs mes efceuekeâj jnvee
mebosMe cenòJehetCe& neWies, lees hetJe& kesâ Yeeweflekeâ owvÙe keâes heefMÛece keâer ØeewÅeesefiekeâer otj
(c) Deheves-Deheves Iej ceW jnvee
keâjsieer~ hetJe&-heefMÛece kesâ efceueve mes ner ceveg<Ùe keâer osn Deewj Deelcee keâes Skeâ meeLe
3. efJeefYevve hebLeeW Deewj cele-celeeblejeW kesâ ueesie efceuekeâj veneR jnWies lees Gmekeâe ÛeefjleeLe&lee efceuesieer~ Fmemes ØeewÅeesefiekeâer peÌ[lee kesâ yebOeveeW mes cegkeäle nesieer Deewj hetJe&
keäÙee heefjCeece nesiee? keâe DeeOÙeelceJeeo hejueeskeâJeeo leLee efveef<›eâÙeleeJeeo mes Úgškeâeje heeSiee~
(a) meceepe ceW Meebefle mLeeefhele nesieer YeeiÙeJeeo keâes ØeewÅeesefiekeâer keâes meeQhekeâj nce ceveg<Ùe keâer keâce&CÙelee keâes ÛeefjleeLe&
(b) Oeee|cekeâ mebmLeeveeW ceW efJeJeeo veneR nesiee
(c) meYeer keâe peerJeve Deewj DeefOekeâ keâef"ve nes peeSiee
keâjWies Deewj Fme Oejleer kesâ peerJeve keâes mJeieeaÙece yeveeSBies~ peerJeve mes Yeeie keâjkesâ
(d) meYeer keâe peerJeve megKeceÙe nes peeSiee veneR, Gmekesâ Yeerlej mes ner nceW ueeskeâcebieue keâer meeOevee keâjveer nesieer~
{hÝXr 35
efJejefkeäle-cetuekeâ DeeOÙeeeflcekeâlee keâe mLeeve ueeskeâceebieefuekeâ DeeOÙeeeflcekeâlee uesieer~ 8. cew$eer, keâ®Cee Deewj DeeEnmee keâes Deheveeves mes efkeâmekesâ otj nesves keâer mebYeeJevee nw?
Ùen DeeOÙeeeflcekeâlee ueeskeâcebieue Deewj ueeskeâmesJee mes ner ÛeefjleeLe&lee heeSieer~ (a) hetJe& kesâ DeeOÙeelceJeeo keâer efJehevvelee kesâ
ceveg<Ùe-cee$e kesâ og:Ke, GlheerÌ[ve Deewj DeYeeJe kesâ Øeefle mebJesefole Deewj ef›eâÙeeMeerue (b) heefMÛeceer YeeweflekeâJeeo keâer efJehevvelee kesâ
neskeâj ner nce Deheveer DeeOÙeeeflcekeâlee keâes ØeeCeJeeve, peerJeble Deewj meeLe&keâ yevee (c) heefMÛeceer DeeOÙeelceJeeo keâer efJehevvelee kesâ
(d) hetJe& kesâ YeeweflekeâJeeo kesâ owvÙe kesâ
mekeWâies~ %eeve keâes Meefkeäle ceW veneR, hejceeLe& leLee Glmeie& ceW {euekeâj ner nce ceeveJelee
keâes Gpeeiej keâjWies~ Øeke=âefle mes nceves pees kegâÚ heeÙee nw, Gmes nce yeueeled Úerveer ngF& 9. ßeæe Deewj FÌ[e kesâ mecevJeÙe mes keâefJe keâe keäÙee DeefYeØeeÙe nw?
Jemleg keäÙeeW ceeveW? keäÙeeW ve nce Ùen mJeerkeâej keâjW efkeâ Øeke=âefle ves Deheves De#eÙe Yeb[ej (a) Yeeweflekeâ Deewj DeeOÙeelce (b) jeieelcekeâlee Deewj DeueieeJe
keâes ceeveJe-cee$e kesâ efueS DeveeJe=òe keâj jKee nw? Øeke=âefle kesâ Øeefle ØeefleÙeesefielee Ùee (c) jeieelcekeâlee Deewj yeewefækeâlee (d) meùoÙelee Deewj keâce&"lee
Øeeflemheæe& keâe YeeJe keäÙeeW jKee peeS? Jemlegle: Øeke=âefle kesâ Øeefle menÙeesieer, ke=âle%e 10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
leLee meoeMeÙe neskeâj ner ceveg<Ùe Deheveer Yeerlejer Øeke=âefle keâes jeie-És<e mes cegkeäle (a) ceeveJe GlheerÌ[ve mes cegefkeäle hej
keâjlee nw Deewj mheæe& keâes Øesce ceW yeouelee nw~ Deepe DeeefCJekeâ ØeewÅeesefiekeâer keâes (b) hetJe&-heefMÛece kesâ meefcceueve hej
ceeveJe keâuÙeeCe keâe meeOeve yeveeves keâer DelÙeble DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw~ Ùen leYeer mebYeJe nw (c) YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle keâe cenòJe hej
peye ceveg<Ùe keâer yeewefækeâlee kesâ meeLe-meeLe Gmekeâer jeieelcekeâlee keâe efJekeâeme nes~ (d) ceeveJelee kesâ Oece& hej
jJeervõ Deewj ieeBOeer keâe Ùener mebosMe nw~ ‘keâeceeÙeveer’ kesâ jÛeefÙelee peÙeMebkeâj Øemeeo
ves ßeæe Deewj FÌ[e kesâ mecevJeÙe hej yeue efoÙee nw~ ceeveJelee keâer j#ee Deewj Gmekesâ ~moY 35
efJekeâeme kesâ efueS hetJe&-heefMÛece keâe meefcceueve DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ leYeer keâefJe heble keâe Yee<ee keâe Skeâ ØecegKe iegCe nw—me=peveMeeruelee~ eEnoer ceW me=peveMeeruelee keâe DeodYegle
Ùen keâLeve ÛeefjleeLe& nes mekesâiee—‘‘ceeveJe legce meyemes mebgojleced’’~ iegCe nw, DeodYegle #ecelee nw, efpememes Jen efvejblej ØeJeenceeve nw~ eEnoer ner Ssmeer Yee<ee
efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ nw, efpemeceW meceeÙeespeve keâer heÙee&hle Deewj peeogF& Meefkeäle nw~ DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW Deewj
1. hetJe& Deewj heefMÛece keâe meefcceueve efkeâmeefueS DeeJeMÙekeâ nw? mebmke=âefleÙeeW kesâ MeyoeW keâes eEnoer efpeme DeefOekeâej Deewj menpelee mes «enCe keâjleer nw,
(a) ceeveJelee keâer j#ee kesâ efueS
Gmemes eEnoer keâer mebYeeJeveeSB ØeMemle nesleer nQ~ eEnoer kesâ ueÛeeruesheve ves Deveskeâ
(b) ceeveJelee kesâ efJekeâeme kesâ efueS Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW keâes ner veneR, Gvekesâ meebmke=âeflekeâ lesJejeW keâes Yeer Deheves ceW mecesš
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW efueÙee nw~ Ùener keâejCe nw efkeâ eEnoer meeceeefpekeâ mebmke=âefle leLee efJeefJeOe
(d) ceeveJe kesâ mJeeLe& kesâ efueS Yee<ee-Yeeef<eÙeeW Deewj Oecee&JeuebefyeÙeeW keâer ØecegKe henÛeeve yeve ieF& nw~ Dejyeer,
2. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej heefMÛece kesâ heeme efkeâmekeâe DeYeeJe nw? ]heâejmeer, legkeâea, Deb«es]peer Deeefo kesâ Meyo eEnoer keâer Meyo-mebheoe ceW Ssmes efceue ieS
(a) Yeeweflekeâ mebhevvelee keâe (b) Ùeebef$ekeâ meYÙelee keâe nQ, pewmes Jes pevce mes ner Fmeer Yee<ee heefjJeej kesâ meomÙe neW~ Ùen meceenej Gmekeâer
(c) DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ mebheoe keâe (d) Jew%eeefvekeâ Øeieefle keâe peerJeblelee keâe ØeceeCe nw~
3. hetJe& keâer Yeeweflekeâ oervelee keâes keâewve otj keâjsiee? Deepe nce hejns]peer neskeâj, MegæleeJeeo keâer peÌ[ ceeveefmekeâlee ceW ]kewâo neskeâj veneR
(a) mJeÙeb hetJe& (b) heefMÛece keâer ØeewÅeesefiekeâer jn mekeâles~ metÛevee-›eâebefle, lekeâveerkeâer-efJekeâeme Deewj Jew%eeefvekeâ DeeefJe<keâejeW kesâ
(c) heewjeefCekeâ ceevÙeleeSB (d) veJeerve meesÛe-efJeÛeej oyeeJe ves nceW meyemes mebJeeo keâjves kesâ DeJemej efoS nQ~ efJeMJe-«eece keâer mebkeâuhevee
4. ceveg<Ùe kesâ Mejerj Deewj Deelcee keâes Skeâ meeLe ÛeefjleeLe&lee efkeâme Øekeâej mes eEnoer keâes efvejblej Ûeuevee nesiee~ Fmekesâ efueS DeeJeMÙekeâ nw—DeeOegefvekeâ
efceuesieer? ØeÙeespeveeW kesâ Deveg™he efJekeâeme Deewj Yee<ee SJeb efueefhe mes mebyebefOele Ùeebef$ekeâ meeOeveeW
(a) hetJe& kesâ DeeOÙeelceJeeo mes keâe efJekeâeme~ Fbšjvesš mes ueskeâj yee]peej lekeâ, jepekeâepe mes ueskeâj efMe#ee Deewj
(b) heefMÛece kesâ ØeewÅeesefiekeâerkeâjCe mes vÙeeÙe kesâ cebefojeW lekeâ eEnoer keâes GheÙeesieer Deewj keâeÙe&#ece yeveeves kesâ efueS Gmekeâe
(c) hetJe&-heefMÛece kesâ efceueve mes mejue-menpe nesvee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw Deewj Gmekeâer OJeefve, efueefhe, Meyo-Jele&veer,
(d) ueeskeâ keâuÙeeCe keâer YeeJevee mes
JeekeäÙe-jÛevee Deeefo keâe ceevekeâerke=âle nesvee Yeer DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ Ùeefo mejkeâej keâer
5. nceW ueeskeâ cebieue keâer meeOevee keâneB keâjveer nesieer? lelhejlee kesâ meeLe nce pevelee keâer ÂÌ{ FÛÚeMeefkeäle, mepeielee Deewj meÛes<šlee keâes
(a) peerJeve mes Yeeiekeâj peesÌ[ oW, lees Jen efove otj veneR, peye eEnoer Debleje&<šêrÙe mejnoeW ceW Yeejle keâe
(b) peerJeve kesâ Yeerlej
(c) peerJeve kesâ DeYeeJe Deheveekeâj ØeefleefveefOelJe keâjsieer~
(d) DeeOÙeeeflcekeâlee Deheveekeâj efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
1. efnboer kesâ efvejblej ØeJeenceeve jnves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw?
6. ceveg<Ùe-cee$e kesâ og:KeeW SJeb DeYeeJeeW kesâ Øeefle mebJesoveMeeruelee mes keâewve meØeeCe
(a) mebmke=âefle (b) me=peveMeeruelee
SJeb meeLe&keâ yeve mekeâleer nw?
(a) Yeeweflekeâ mebhevvelee (b) ØeewÅeesefiekeâer (c) meerefcele ceeveefmekeâlee (d) ™efÌ{Jeeefolee
(c) Øeke=âefle (d) DeeOÙeeeflcekeâlee 2. efnboer keâer mebYeeJeveeSB kewâmes ØeMemle nesleer ieF& nQ?
7. ceveg<Ùe keâes Øeke=âefle kesâ Øeefle efkeâme Øekeâej keâe YeeJe jKevee ÛeeefnS? (a) DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW keâes menpelee mes «enCe keâjves mes
(a) mheæe& YeeJe (b) jeieelcekeâ YeeJe (b) Deheves meebmke=âeflekeâ mJe™he mes
(c) ke=âle%e YeeJe (d) És<ehetCe& YeeJe (c) Deheveer lešmLelee mes
(d) DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW keâes legÛÚ mecePekeâj
3. eEnoer ves ueÛeeruesheve kesâ keâejCe keäÙee efkeâÙee? ¤he ceW Ieefšle neslee nw, Gmekeâe ke=âefle ¤he ner lees me=ef<š nw~ ceve lees ceve, ceeveJe keâe
(a) kesâJeue DevÙe Yee<ee kesâ MeyoeW keâes «enCe efkeâÙee Mejerj Yeer DeØeeflece nw~ osKeves ceW Fmemes YeJÙe, Deekeâ<e&keâ SJeb ueeJeCÙeceÙe ¤he
(b) DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW Je meebmke=âeflekeâ lesJejeW keâes Deheves ceW mecesš efueÙee me=ef<š ceW DebÙe$e keâneB nw? DeodYegle SJeb DeefÉleerÙe nw ceeveJe-meeQoÙe&~ meeefnlÙekeâejeW
(c) Deheveer meeceeefpekeâ henÛeeve keâes yeveeS jKee ves Fmekesâ ¤he-meeQoÙe& kesâ JeCe&ve kesâ efueS efkeâleves ner DeØemlegle GheceeveeW keâe efJeOeeve
(d) otmejer Yee<eeDeeW keâes DeefOekeâ cenòJe efoÙee
efkeâÙee nw Deewj Fme meeQoÙe& jeefMe mes meYeer keâes DeehÙeeefÙele keâjves kesâ efueS Deveskeâ
4. efnboer Yee<ee kesâ meboYe& ceW MegæleeJeeoer nesves mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw? keâeJÙe me=ef<šÙeeB jÛe [eueer nQ~ meeefnlÙeMeeefm$eÙeeW ves Yeer Fmeer ceeveJe keâer YeeJeveeDeeW
(a) iewj-efnboer Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW keâes «enCe keâjvee keâe efJeJesÛeve keâjles ngS Deveskeâ jmeeW keâe efve¤heCe efkeâÙee nw~ hejbleg Jew%eeefvekeâ Âef<š
(b) efnboer keâer yeesefueÙeeW Deewj Gvekesâ MeyoeW keâes ØeOeevelee oskeâj efnboer keâe mes efJeÛeej efkeâÙee peeS, lees ceeveJe-Mejerj keâes Skeâ peefšue Ùeb$e mes Gheefcele efkeâÙee
efJekeâeme keâjvee
pee mekeâlee nw~ efpeme Øekeâej Ùeb$e kesâ Skeâ hegpex ceW oes<e Dee peeves hej meeje Ùeb$e
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW
(d) kesâJeue efnboer keâes cenòJe osvee
ieÌ[yeÌ[e peelee nw, yeskeâej nes peelee nw Gmeer Øekeâej ceeveJe-Mejerj kesâ efJeefYevve
DeJeÙeJeeW ceW mes Ùeefo keâesF& Skeâ DeJeÙeJe Yeer efyeieÌ[ peelee nw, lees Gmekeâe ØeYeeJe meejs
5. Deepe nceW meyemes mebJeeo keâjves kesâ DeJemej efkeâmeves efoS nQ? Mejerj hej heÌ[lee nw~ Flevee ner veneR, iegox pewmes keâesceue SJeb veepegkeâ efnmmes kesâ
(a) metÛevee ›eâebefle ves Kejeye nes peeves mes Ùen ieefleMeerue JehegÙeb$e SkeâeSkeâ DeJe®æ nes mekeâlee nw, JÙeefkeäle
(b) lekeâveerkeâer efJekeâeme ves
(c) Jew%eeefvekeâ DeeefJe<keâejeW kesâ oyeeJe ves keâer ce=lÙeg nes mekeâleer nw~
(d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer Skeâ Debie kesâ efJeke=âle nesves hej meeje Mejerj obef[le nes, Jen keâeuekeâJeefuele nes
6. DeeOegefvekeâ ØeÙeespeveeW kesâ Deveg¤he efJekeâeme Deewj Yee<ee SJeb efueefhe mes mebyebefOele peeS–Ùen efJeÛeejCeerÙe nw~ Ùeefo efkeâmeer Ùeb$e kesâ hegpex keâes yeouekeâj Gmekesâ mLeeve
Ùeebef$ekeâ meeOeveeW keâe efJekeâeme keâjves mes keäÙee nesiee? hej Skeâ veÙee hegpee& ueieekeâj Ùeb$e keâes hetJe&Jeled megÛee® SJeb JÙeJeefmLele ¤he mes
(a) efJeMJe «eece keâer mebkeâuhevee meekeâej nes peeSieer ef›eâÙeeMeerue yeveeÙee pee mekeâlee nw, lees Mejerj kesâ efJeke=âle Debie kesâ mLeeve hej veJÙe
(b) efnboer keâer Gvveefle DeJe®æ nes peeSieer efvejeceÙe Debie ueieekeâj Mejerj keâes mJemLe SJeb meeceevÙe keäÙeeW veneR yeveeÙee pee
(c) ceveg<Ùe Ùeb$eJele ØeeCeer yevekeâj jn peeSiee mekeâlee? MeuÙe-efÛeefkeâlmekeâeW ves Fme oeefÙelJehetCe& Ûegveewleer keâes mJeerkeâej efkeâÙee leLee
(d) lekeâveerkeâer Gvveefle nesieer efvejblej DeOÙeJemeeÙe, hetCe& meeOevee kesâ Deveblej Debie-ØelÙeejesheCe kesâ #es$e ceW
7. efnboer keâes GheÙeesieer Deewj keâeÙe&#ece yeveeves kesâ efueS Gmes kewâmee nesvee ÛeeefnS? meheâuelee Øeehle keâer~ Debie-ØelÙeejesheCe keâe GodosMÙe nw efkeâ ceveg<Ùe oerIee&Ùeg Øeehle
(a) mece=æ (b) efkeäue<š keâj mekesâ~ ÙeneB Ùen OÙeeleJÙe nw efkeâ ceeveJe Mejerj nj efkeâmeer kesâ Debie keâes Gmeer
(c) mejue-menpe (d) Ùes meYeer Øekeâej mJeerkeâej veneR keâjlee, efpeme Øekeâej nj efkeâmeer keâe jkeäle Gmes mJeerkeâeÙe& veneR
8. efnboer Debleje&<šêrÙe meerceeDeeWW ceW Yeejle keâe ØeefleefveefOelJe keâye keâjsieer? neslee~ jesieer keâes jkeäle osves mes hetJe& jkeäle Jeie& keâe hejer#eCe DelÙeeJeMÙekeâ nw, lees
(a) peye mejkeâej keâer lelhejlee nesieer Debie-ØelÙeejesheCe mes hetJe& Tlekeâ hejer#eCe DeefveJeeÙe& nw~ Deepe keâe MeuÙe
(b) peye pevelee keâer FÛÚeMeefkeäle nesieer efÛeefkeâlmekeâ iegox, Ùeke=âle, DeeBle, hesâheâÌ[s Deewj ùoÙe keâe ØelÙeejesheCe meheâueleehetJe&keâ
(c) peye mejkeâej keâer lelhejlee kesâ meeLe pevelee keâer ÂÌ{ FÛÚeMeefkeäle keâes efnboer keâj jne nw~ meeOeve mebhevve efÛeefkeâlmeeueÙeeW ceW ceefmle<keâ kesâ Deefleefjkeäle Mejerj kesâ
mes peesÌ[ oWies ØeeÙe: meYeer DebieeW keâe ØelÙeejesheCe mebYeJe nes ieÙee nw~
(d) peye efnboer keâes DeefOekeâ cenòJe efceueves ueiesiee
9. eEnoer ves DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW kesâ MeyoeW keâes mJeÙeb ceW meceeefnle keâjles ngS Dehevee 1. ceeveJe keâes me=ef<š keâe ueIeg ¤he ceeves peeves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw?
mJe¤he efveefce&le keâjkesâ keäÙee efkeâÙee? (a) ceeveJe ceW DehejepesÙe Meefkeäle nw
(a) Yeejle keâer Yeewieesefuekeâ efmLeefle ceW heefjJele&ve efkeâÙee (b) ceeveJe ceve ceW pees Ieefšle neslee nw, Jener me=ef<š ceW Ieefšle neslee nw
(b) Yeejle keâer meeceeefpekeâ mebmke=âefle keâer henÛeeve yeve ieF& (c) ueIeg ceeveJe ner efJeOeelee keâer meÛÛeer me=ef<š nw
(c) efnboer kesâ mJe¤heeW keâes DeeÛÚeefole efkeâÙee (d) ceve keâer Meefkeäle DehejepesÙe nw
(d) efnboer kesâ efJekeâeme keâes jeskeâ efoÙee
2. meeefnlÙekeâejeW ves ceeveJe meeQoÙe& kesâ JeCe&ve kesâ efueS efkeâmekeâe ØeÙeesie efkeâÙee nw?
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? (a) keâuhevee keâe (b) ÙeLeeLe& keâe
(a) efnboer Yee<ee hej (c) DeØemlegle Gheceeve keâe (d) Øemlegle Gheceeve keâe
(b) efnboer Yee<ee Deewj DevÙe Yee<ee hej
(c) efnboer Yee<ee Deewj lekeâveerkeâer Ùegie hej 3. ceeveJe meeQoÙe& kesâ efueS efkeâme Øekeâej kesâ Gheceeve efoS ieS nQ?
(d) efnboer kesâ efJekeâeme hej (a) DeodYegle (b) DeefÉleerÙe
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW (d) DelegueveerÙe
~moY 36 4. ceeveJe Mejerj keâes Ùeb$eJeled keäÙeeW keâne ieÙee nw?
(a) ÂÌ{ ceebmehesefMeÙeeW Deewj DeJeÙeJeeW mes efveefce&le nesves kesâ keâejCe
efJeOeelee-jefÛele Fme me=ef<š keâe efmejceewj nw ceveg<Ùe, Gmekeâer keâejeriejer keâe meJeexòece (b) DeJeÙeJe¤heer hegpeeX kesâ efJeke=âle nesves mes Mejerj kesâ Ùeb$eJeled efveef<›eâÙe nes peeves
vecetvee~ Fme ceeveJe keâes yeÇÿeeC[ keâe ueIeg ¤he ceevekeâj YeejleerÙe oeMe&efvekeâeW ves kesâ keâejCe
‘Ùeled’ efheC[s lele yeÇÿeeC[s’ keâer keâuhevee keâer Leer~ Gvekeâer Ùen keâuhevee cee$e (c) Ùeb$e keâer YeeBefle ueeJeCÙeceÙe nesves kesâ keâejCe
keâuhevee veneR Leer, ØelÙegle ÙeLeeLe& Yeer Leer, keäÙeeWefkeâ ceeveJe-ceve ceW pees efJeÛeejCee kesâ (d) me=ef<š keâer Deveghece ke=âefle nesves kesâ keâejCe
{hÝXr 37
5. JÙeefkeäle keâer ce=lÙeg efkeâme keâejCe nes mekeâleer nw? Dele: Ùen veerefle "erkeâ nw efkeâ nceejer Ûeen ner jemlee yevee peeleer nw~ DebOekeâej mes
(a) DeefOekeâ keâeÙe& keâjves mes DeeÛÚvve ceeveJe ves keâYeer FÛÚe JÙekeäle keâer Leer efkeâ ØekeâeMe nes Deewj ØekeâeMe nes
(b) iegoe& Kejeye nesves mes ieÙee~ ceveg<Ùe keâer Fme Ûeen, Fme ueieve, Fme Glkeâš FÛÚe-Ûecelkeâej keâer
(c) efkeâmeer Debie kesâ efJeke=âle nesves mes Deveefievele keâneefveÙeeB nQ~
(d) efveef<›eâÙe yeves jnves mes
peye DeeleleeÙeer jeJeCe ßeerjeceJeuueYee meerlee keâes njkeâj uebkeâe ues ieÙee, leye jece
6. MeuÙe efÛeefkeâlmekeâeW Éeje mJeerkeâej keâer ieF& oeefÙelJehetCe& Ûegveewleer keäÙee Leer? keâes helee Ûeuee efkeâ ceeie& ceW mecegõ JÙeJeOeeve yevekeâj KeÌ[e nw~ jece kesâ Deblece&ve ceW
(a) ceeveJe Mejerj keâes Decej yeveevee meerlee Øeeefhle keâer Ûeen ves meeiej hej mesleg-efvecee&Ce efkeâÙee~ ÛeeCekeäÙe kesâ heeme DeeefKej
(b) MeuÙe efÛeefkeâlmee keâes cenòJe osvee
Lee keäÙee? eEkeâleg, vebo meeceüepÙe kesâ efJeveeMe kesâ Glkeâš mebkeâuhe ves Gvekesâ efueS
(c) Debie-ØelÙeejesheCe Éeje Mejerj keâes mJemLe SJeb meeceevÙe yeveevee
(d) peerCe&-#eerCe& Mejerj kesâ mLeeve hej mJemLe Mejerj osvee ceeie&-efvecee&Ce keâj efoÙee Lee~ nceejs DeeoMe& vesleepeer megYee<eÛebõ yeesme kesâ heeme keäÙee
meeOeve Lee? eEkeâleg, Deb«es]peeW keâes Yeiee osves keâer ÂÌ{ Ûeen ves Gvemes Fleveer yeÌ[er
7. MeuÙe efÛeefkeâlmekeâeW keâe cetue GodosMÙe keäÙee Lee? ‘Dee]peeo eEno ]heâewpe’ keâer mLeehevee keâje oer Leer~ heb. ceoveceesnve ceeueJeerÙe kesâ heeme
(a) meeOeve mebhevve efÛeefkeâlmeeueÙe Keesuevee keâewve-mee kegâyesj keâes<e Lee? eEkeâleg, GvneWves yeveejme eEnot efJeMJeefJeÅeeueÙe keâer
(b) Tlekeâ hejer#eCe keâjvee
(c) Debie-ØelÙeejesheCe kesâ #es$e ceW DevegmebOeeve keâjvee mLeehevee keâer, Gvekeâer Fme ueieve ves meejs efJeIveeW keâes keâeškeâj ceeie& yevee efoÙee~
(d) MeuÙe efÛeefkeâlmee Éeje ceeveJe keâes oerIee&Ùeg Øeoeve keâjvee efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
8. Debie-ØelÙeejesheCe mes hetJe& efkeâmes DeefveJeeÙe& ceevee ieÙee nw? 1. DeefOekeâebMe DemeHeâue JÙeefkeäle kegâÚ efJeMes<e keäÙeeW veneR keâj heeles nQ?
(a) jkeäle Jeie& keâe hejer#eCe (b) Tlekeâ hejer#eCe (a) otmejeW keâes oes<eer "njeves kesâ keâejCe
(c) ùoÙe keâe hejer#eCe (d) mebhetCe& Mejerj keâe hejer#eCe (b) otmejeW mes F&<Ùee&-És<e kesâ keâejCe
9. MeuÙe efÛeefkeâlmee kesâ #es$e ceW efÛeefkeâlmekeâeW keâer meheâuelee keâe jnmÙe keäÙee nw? (c) mJeÙeb keâes ceneve mecePeves kesâ keâejCe
(a) oeefÙelJehetCe& Ûegveewleer (b) efvejblej Tlekeâ hejer#eCe (d) F&MJej keâes ceeveves kesâ keâejCe
(c) DeeJeMÙekeâlee keâer keâceer (d) efvejblej ßecehetCe& meeOevee 2. ceeveJe ves kewâmeer FÛÚe JÙekeäle keâer Leer?
10. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâmekesâ Deefleefjkeäle Mejerj kesâ meYeer DebieeW keâe ØelÙeejesheCe (a) DebOekeâej nesves keâer (b) ØekeâeMe nes peeves keâer
mebYeJe nes ieÙee nw? (c) Oeve Øeehle keâjves keâer (d) DemeHeâue ve nesves keâer
(a) Ùeke=âle kesâ (b) ùoÙe kesâ 3. DeÛÚs keâeÙe& keâjves ceW efkeâmekeâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee DeefOekeâ nesleer nw?
(c) ceefmle<keâ kesâ (d) iegoe& kesâ (a) Oeve keâer
(b) FÛÚeMeefkeäle keâer
~moY 37 (c)
(d)
ceOegj JeÛeveeW keâer
osJeleeDeeW kesâ DeeMeeaJeeo keâer
keâesF& Deheves ogYee&iÙe keâes keâesme jne nw, keâesF& Deheveer heeefjJeeefjkeâ oervelee keâes oes<eer
yelee jne nw, keâesF& menejs kesâ DeYeeJe keâes Deheveer DemeHeâuelee keâe DeeOeej ceeve jne 4. DemeHeâue JÙeefkeäle efkeâmekeâes oes<eer "njelee jnlee nw?
(a) ogYee&iÙe keâes (b) menejs kesâ DeYeeJe keâes
nw—yengle mes DemeHeâue JÙeefkeäle Fmeer lejn Deveskeâ keâejCeeW keâes Deheveer DemeHeâuelee (c) heeefjJeeefjkeâ oervelee keâes (d) Ùes meYeer
keâe DeeOeej ceeveles nQ, efJeefYevve keâejCeeW keâer keâuhevee keâj neLe-hej-neLe Oejs yew"s
jnles nQ~ Jes Deheves peerJeve ceW kegâÚ keâj veneR heeles~ Jes meceepe kesâ efueS, mebmeej kesâ 5. DemeHeâue JÙeefkeäle otmejeW mes keäÙee Dehes#ee jKelee nw?
(a) Oeve Øeeefhle keâer
efueS kegâÚ veneR keâj heeles~
(b) og:Ke ceW meeLe osves keâer
Ssmes ceveg<ÙeeW keâes peerJeve ceW keâesF& jen veneR efceueleer, keâesF& Ûeeje veneR efoKelee~ Jes (c) ue#Ùe Øeeefhle keâe ceeie& efoKeeves keâer
otmejeW mes Dehes#ee keâjles nQ efkeâ keâesF& GvnW efkeâmeer ue#Ùe Øeeefhle keâe ceeie& efoKeeS, (d) ØelÙeskeâ keâeÙe& keâjkesâ osves keâer
meHeâuelee keâer meerÌ{er yeleeS, efpememes Jes Gme hej Deemeeveer mes ÛeÌ{ mekeWâ~ eEkeâleg, Ssmes 6. ‘yejmeeleer yeeoue kesâ šgkeâÌ[’s mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw?
ueesieeW keâes Ùen Yeueer-YeeBefle peevevee ÛeeefnS efkeâ peneB Ûeen nw, JeneR jen nw~ nceejer (a) #eefCekeâ (b) megneJevee
FÛÚeMeefkeäle mJeÙeb nceejs efueS ceeie& yevee osleer nw~ DeÛÚs keâeÙe& ceW Oeve keâer Gleveer (c) DelÙeble efJeMeeue (d) ceveesnj
DeeJeMÙekeâlee veneR nesleer, efpeleveer FÛÚeMeefkeäle keâer nesleer nw~ ‘Sceme&ve’ ves "erkeâ ner
7. nceejer ceeveefmekeâ MeefkeäleÙeeW keâe #eerCe Ùee ogye&ue nesvee efkeâme hej efveYe&j keâjlee
keâne nw efkeâ Fefleneme, hegjeCe meYeer mee#eer nQ efkeâ ceveg<Ùe kesâ ÂÌ{ mebkeâuhe kesâ Deeies
nw?
osJe-oeveJe meYeer hejeefpele nesles jns nQ~ ÂÌ{ FÛÚeMeefkeäle ves YeieJeeve lekeâ keâes IebšeW (a) ùoÙe hej (b) ceefmle<keâ hej
keâÛÛes Oeeies mes yeeBOekeâj veÛeeÙee nw~ (c) FÛÚeMeefkeäle hej (d) Meejerefjkeâ keâejkeâeW hej
neB, Flevee OÙeeve jKevee nesiee efkeâ nceejer Ûeen yejmeeleer yeeoue keâe Skeâ šgkeâÌ[e ve 8. kewâmes ueesieeW keâes Ùen Yeueer-YeeBefle peevevee ÛeeefnS efkeâ peneB Ûeen nw, JeneR jen
nes, efpemes nJee keâe Skeâ PeeWkeâe efpeOej Ûeens GÌ[ekeâj ues peeS~ Ùeefo nceejer nw?
FÛÚeMeefkeäle #egõ Deewj ogye&ue nesieer, lees nceejer ceeveefmekeâ MeefkeäleÙeeW keâe keâeÙe& Yeer (a) meHeâuelee Øeehle ueesieeW keâes (b) DemeHeâue ueesieeW keâes
Jewmee ner nesiee~ mJeeceer efJeJeskeâevebo keâe efoJÙe JeÛeve nw efkeâ heefJe$e Deewj ÂÌ{ FÛÚe (c) mJeeLeea ueesieeW keâes (d) meceepe-mesJeer ueesieeW keâes
meJe&Meefkeäleceeve nw~
9. ÂÌ{ FÛÚeMeefkeäle kesâ heefjCeeceeW keâes efkeâmekesâ GoenjCe Éeje oMee&Ùee ieÙee nw? 3. mebÙegkeäle heefjJeej kesâ štšves keâe keäÙee keâejCe yeleeÙee ieÙee nw?
(a) jece kesâ (b) ÛeeCekeäÙe kesâ (a) DeewÅeesieerkeâjCe (b) heefMÛeceer meYÙelee
(c) vesleepeer megYee<eÛebõ yeesme kesâ (d) Ùes meYeer (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW (d) megefveÙeesefpele peerJeve-Mewueer
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? 4. Je=æ JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâes keâF& mecemÙeeDeeW keâe meecevee keäÙeeW keâjvee heÌ[ jne nw?
(a) Oeve Øeeefhle kesâ meeOeve hej (b) jece veece keâer ceefncee hej (a) mebÙegkeäle heefjJeej kesâ štšves kesâ keâejCe
(c) efMe#ee kesâ cenlJe hej (d) ÂÌ{ FÛÚeMeefkeäle hej (b) efmeæebleeW ceW heefjJele&ve kesâ keâejCe
(d) mJeÙeb kesâ JÙeJenej kesâ keâejCe
~moY 38
5. Dehevee YeefJe<Ùe megOeejves keâer mecemÙeeDeeW SJeb heeefjJeeefjkeâ peerJeve ceW GuePes
Je=æeJemLee keâer mecemÙee ceMeerveerke=âle efJeMJe keâer Ghepe nw, pees nceejs osMe lekeâ ner jnves keâe keäÙee heefjCeece neslee nw?
meerefcele veneR nw~ Ùen yengle mes efJekeâefmele osMeeW keâe Yeer efmejoo& nw~ henues DeefOekeâebMe (a) ceelee-efhelee keâer pe™jle hej OÙeeve ve os heevee
ueesie 45-50 Je<e& keâer Gceü ceW Je=æ nes peeles Les~ efkebâleg Deye Je=æeJemLee ueieYeie (b) Deheves peerJeve kesâ mJee|Cece #eCeeW keâes ve<š keâj osvee
mesJee efveJe=efòe Ùee mee" Je<eeX kesâ yeeo ner ceeveer peeleer nw~ DeeOegefvekeâ Ùegie ceW (c) peerJeve kesâ JeemleefJekeâ Deevebo ceW heefjefÛele ve nesvee
Je=æeJemLee keâeHeâer osj mes Deeleer nw leLee DeeÙeg keâe ØeYeeJe Yeer Oeerjs-Oeerjs Gpeeiej (d) efvejeMee SJeb nleeMe peerJeve-Mewueer
neslee nw~ DeewÅeesieerkeâjCe SJeb heefMÛeceer meYÙelee kesâ keâejCe, mebÙegkeäle heefjJeej kesâ 6. Je=æeJemLee ceW Je=æ JÙeefkeäle efkeâmekeâer pe™jle cenmetme keâjles nQ?
štšves kesâ heefjCeecemJe™he leLee nceejs efmeæebleeW ceW heefjJele&ve kesâ keâejCe Je=æ JÙeefkeäle (a) veweflekeâ (b) efJeòeerÙe
keâF& iebYeerj mecemÙeeDeeW mes petPeles nQ SJeb Gvekeâe peerJeve JeemleJe ceW keâ<škeâj nes (c) YeeJeveelcekeâ (d) Ùes meYeer
peelee nw~ Je=æeJemLee ceW Je=æ JÙeefkeäle Deheves yeÛÛeeW mes Meejerefjkeâ, veweflekeâ, efJeòeerÙe 7. Je=æ JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ Øeefle efkeâvekeâe jJewÙee Deheceevepevekeâ neslee nw?
SJeb YeeJeveelcekeâ menejs keâer pe™jle cenmetme keâjles nQ Deewj yeÛÛes Deheves YeefJe<Ùe (a) yeÛÛes keâe (b) Iejsuet veewkeâj keâe
keâes meBJeejves keâer mecemÙeeDeeW SJeb heeefjJeeefjkeâ peerJeve ceW Fleves GuePes nesles nQ efkeâ Jes (c) heew$e-heewef$eÙeeB keâe (d) Ùes meYeer
Deheves ceelee-efhelee keâer pe™jleeW hej OÙeeve osves leLee Gvekeâer YeeJevee keâes mebleg<š
8. Je=æ JÙeefkeäle efJeefÛe$e mJeYeeJe Éeje Deheveer Øeefleef›eâÙee kewâmes JÙekeäle keâjles nQ?
keâjves ceW DeÙeesiÙe nesles nQ~ Je=æ JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâes heefjJeej SJeb meceepe hej yeesPe SJeb
(a) uebyes leke&â keâjkesâ (b) menevegYetefle efoKeekeâj
Leeshes ieS meomÙe keâer YeeJevee mes «eefmele neskeâj ueesie Gvekeâer Ghes#ee keâjles nQ~ (c) ueÌ[eF&-PeieÌ[e keâjkesâ (d) oÙeeueg yevekeâj
yeÛÛes, heew$e-heewef$eÙeeB Deewj Iejsuet veewkeâj lekeâ Gvekeâer Deesj OÙeeve veneR osles SJeb nj
yeele hej Gvekeâe eflejmkeâej keâjles nQ~ Je=æ JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ Øeefle Gvekeâe jJewÙee 9. Je=æeJemLee keâer mecemÙee keâe meceeOeeve kewâmes efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw?
(a) Deueie DeeJeeme yeveekeâj (b) Gvekeâe OÙeeve jKekeâj
DeJeceeveveehetCe& SJeb Deheceevepevekeâ neslee nw~ peye Ssmeer yeeleW nesleer nQ, lees Je=æ
(c) Gvemes yeeleÛeerle ve keâjkesâ (d) Gvemes otjer yeveekeâj
JÙeefkeäle efvejeMee kesâ DeLeen meeiej ceW [tye peeles nQ~ Fme efvejeMee mes Jes Meejerefjkeâ SJeb
ceeveefmekeâ leveeJe ceW jnles nQ~ Je=æ JÙeefkeäle Yeer efJeefÛe$e mJeYeeJe Éeje Deheveer 10. Je=æ JÙeefkeäle efvejeMee kesâ DeLeen meeiej ceW efkeâme keâejCe [tye peeles nQ?
Øeefleef›eâÙee JÙekeäle keâjles nQ leLee ÙegJee ueesieeW mes uebyes leke&â keâjkesâ mJeÙeb keâes cetKe& (a) DeJeceeveveehetCe& SJeb Deheceevepevekeâ JÙeJenej kesâ keâejCe
(b) veewkeâjer mes mesJee-efveJe=òe nes peeves kesâ keâejCe
yeveeles nQ, keäÙeeWefkeâ Gvekesâ leke&â keâesF& megvevee veneR Ûeenlee~ Jes mener nes mekeâles nQ,
(c) Meejerefjkeâ keâcepeesefjÙeeW kesâ keâejCe
efkebâleg Gvekeâer Gceü mener veneR nesleer~ Gvekesâ DeÛÚs keâeÙe& Yeer hemebo veneR efkeâS peeles~ (d) Gceü yeerle peeves kesâ keâejCe
ÙeneB lekeâ efkeâ peye Jes ÙegJeeDeeW hej Deheves hÙeej keâer Je<ee& keâjles nQ, lees GvnW TBÛeer
DeeJeepe ceW yeesuekeâj Deheceeefvele efkeâÙee peelee nw~
Je=æeJemLee keâer mecemÙeeDeeW kesâ meceeOeeve keâeHeâer Deemeeve SJeb nceejer hengBÛe kesâ
~moY 39
Deboj nQ~ Ùen mecemÙee DeeOegefvekeâ meceÙe keâer Ghepe nw, Fmekeâe meceeOeeve Je=æeW kesâ efpeme Øekeâej nceejs Mejerj kesâ efueS Yeespeve DeeJeMÙekeâ nw, Gmeer Øekeâej nceejs
efueS Deueie DeeJeeme yeveevee veneR nw, yeefukeâ Gvekeâe OÙeeve jKevee, hÙeej SJeb mvesn ceefmle<keâ keâes Yeer Yeespeve keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nesleer nw~ ceefmle<keâ keâe meJeexòece Yeespeve
osvee nw~ nceW Ùen OÙeeve jKevee ÛeeefnS efkeâ nce Yeer Skeâ efove Je=æ neWieW Deewj Ùeefo hegmlekeWâ nQ~ Fvekeâe Dehevee ner Deevebo nw, pees efkeâmeer DevÙe Jemleg mes veneR efceue
nceejs yeÛÛes Yeer nceejs meeLe Ssmee JÙeJenej keâjWies, lees nce Yeer Øemevve SJeb KegMe mekeâlee~ DeOÙeÙeve keâjles meceÙe nce peerJeve keâer eEÛeleeDeeW Deewj og:KeeW keâes Yetue
veneR jn mekeWâies~ FmeefueS Deheveer ØeJe=efòe ceW mekeâejelcekeâ heefjJele&ve ner Skeâcee$e peeles nQ~
meceeOeeve nw~ leYeer nce Fme mecemÙee keâes meceehle keâjves ceW me#ece neWies~ DeOÙeÙeve keâF& Øekeâej keâe neslee nw~ henuee Øekeâej, nukeâe-Hegâukeâe DeOÙeÙeve DeLee&led
efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ meceeÛeej-he$eeW, he$e-heef$ekeâeDeeW Deeefo keâer heÌ{eF& keâjvee neslee nw, efpevemes Jele&ceeve
1. Je=æeJemLee keâer mecemÙee efkeâme peerJeve-Mewueer keâer osve nw? keâer IešveeDeeW kesâ efJe<eÙe ceW efJemle=le %eeve Øeehle neslee nw~ Fvekesâ Éeje nceW efJeMJe kesâ
(a) heewjeefCekeâ (b) ™efÌ{Jeeoer ØelÙeskeâ Yeeie keâer IešveeDeeW Deewj ef›eâÙeekeâueeheeW kesâ efJe<eÙe ceW meye kegâÚ helee Ûeuelee
(c) ceMeerveerke=âle (d) meeceeefpekeâ jnlee nw~ Deepe kesâ Ùegie ceW nce Fme Øekeâej kesâ nukesâ-Hegâukesâ DeOÙeÙeve mes Deueie
2. DeeOegefvekeâ Ùegie ceW Je=æeJemLee SJeb DeeÙeg keâe ØeYeeJe efkeâme Øekeâej Gpeeiej veneR jn mekeâles~ efyevee meceeÛeej-he$eeW kesâ nce kegâSB kesâ ceW{keâ kesâ meceeve nes peeSBies~
neslee nw? FmeefueS Ssmes DeOÙeÙeve keâes, pees DeeveboceÙe nw Deewj efMe#eeØeo Yeer, DeveosKee veneR
(a) DelÙeble leerJeÇ ieefle mes (b) Oeerjs-Oeerjs mes efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee~ Fmekesâ yeeo Ùee$ee Deewj meenefmekeâ keâeÙeeX mes mebyeæ hegmlekeWâ
(c) meceeve ieefle mes (d) Demeceeve ieefle mes
{hÝXr 39
Deeleer nQ~ meeceevÙeleÙee JÙeefkeäle owefvekeâ peerJeve keâer keâ"esj JeemleefJekeâleeDeeW mes otj 6. ceveg<Ùe kesâ meYÙe nesves keâe efÛeÖ efkeâmes ceevee ieÙee nw?
Yeeievee Ûeenlee nw, eEkeâleg meenefmekeâ keâeÙe& keâjves keâer YeeJevee ceeveJe kesâ jkeäle ceW nesleer (a) Deeoj meefnle yeele keâjvee (b) heÌ{ves keâer Deeole
nw~ Ùee$ee Deewj meenefmekeâ keâeÙeeX keâe JeCe&ve keâjves Jeeueer hegmlekeWâ nceejs ceve ceW Yeer (c) meYeer keâes meceeve mecePevee (d) Keeueer meceÙe JÙeleerle keâjvee
meenme Deewj efveYeeakeâlee keâer YeeJevee hewoe keâjleer nQ~ Keeueer meceÙe keâes Deevebo mes 7. iebYeerj DeOÙeÙeve keâer hegmlekeWâ efkeâvekeâe ceveesjbpeve keâjleer nQ?
efyeleeves keâe meyemes DeÛÚe meeOeve nw, GhevÙeeme~ Meece kesâ meceÙe DeLeJee ieeÌ[er ceW (a) meeceevÙe peve keâe (b) efJeÛeejMeerue JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâe
Ùee$ee keâjles meceÙe GhevÙeeme heÌ{ves mes yesnlej keâesF& ceveesjbpeve veneR nw~ kegâÚ meceÙe (c) meeefnlÙe kesâ efJeÅeee|LeÙees keâe (d) GÛÛe Jeie& kesâ JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâe
kesâ efueS hee"keâ Deheves JÙeefkeälelJe Deewj meòee keâes ner Yetue peelee nw~ Jen GhevÙeeme
8. hegmlekeâeW keâe Øesceer efkeâmekeâer mebieefle ceW nj meceÙe Deevebo keâe DevegYeJe keâjlee
kesâ efkeâmeer Ûeefj$e kesâ meeLe Skeâekeâej nes peelee nw~ nw?
Fmemes Gmes Deheej megKe efceuelee nw~ Fvekesâ Deefleefjkeäle iebYeerj DeOÙeÙeve keâer hegmlekeWâ (a) efJeÉeveeWkeâer (b) yegefæpeerefJeÙeeW keâer
nesleer nQ~ efpeveceW meeefnlÙe, Fefleneme, oMe&ve Deeefo keâer hegmlekeWâ Yeer Deeleer nQ, pees (c) DeOÙeehekeâeW keâer (d) hegmlekeâeW keâer
meYeer keâeue ceW heÌ{er peeves ÙeesiÙe ke=âefleÙeeB nesleer nQ~ Ssmeer hegmlekeWâ iebYeerj Deewj
9. efkeâme Øekeâej kesâ DeOÙeÙeve keâer DeveosKeer veneR keâer pee mekeâleer nw?
efJeÛeejMeerue JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ efueS nesleer nQ~ meeefnlÙe keâe efJeÅeeLeea meYeer ÙegieeW kesâ
(a) efMe#eeØeo (b) DeevebooeÙekeâ
meJeexlke=â<š efJeÉeveeW kesâ mebheke&â ceW Deelee nw Deewj Deheves eEÛeleve kesâ efueS GheÙeesieer
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW (d) iebYeerj
Deenej Øeehle keâjlee nw~ Jes Gmes peerJeve kesâ DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ cetuÙeeW keâer hetjer peevekeâejer
osles nQ~ Fme Øekeâej Jen Deheves peerJeve keâes ßes<" Deewj ceneved yevee mekeâlee nw~ 10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe keâe meJee&efOekeâ GheÙegkeäle Meer<e&keâ keäÙee nesiee?
Gmekeâe Âef<škeâesCe JÙeehekeâ nes peelee nw Deewj ceeveJe kesâ Øeefle Gmekeâer menevegYetefle (a) hegmlekeâeWkeâe cenòJe
yeÌ{ peeleer nw~ (b) Ùee$ee keâe cenòJe
(c) heeMÛeelÙe efJeÛeejkeâeW keâe cenòJe
yeskeâve ves keâne Lee efkeâ ‘‘kegâÚ hegmlekeâeW keâe kesâJeue mJeeo ÛeKevee ÛeeefnS, kegâÚ keâes
(d) meceeÛeej-he$eeW keâe cenòJe
efveieue peevee ÛeeefnS Deewj kegâÚ keâes DeÛÚer Øekeâej mes Ûeyeekeâj heÛee uesvee
ÛeeefnS~’’ efkeâmeer hegmlekeâ keâes hee"dÙe-hegmlekeâ kesâ ™he ceW heÌ{ves mes DeefveJeeÙe&lee keâer
YeeJevee Dee peeleer nw~ Ùen DeefveJeeÙe&lee GheÙeesieer nes mekeâleer nw, hejbleg Gmemes ®efÛe ~moY 40
keâe nveve nes peelee nw~ hegmlekeâeW keâe JeemleefJekeâ Øesceer lees nj meceÙe Fvekeâer mebieefle ceW mebmeej keâe Fefleneme jepeeDeeW, MeemekeâeW keâer GÛÛe cenòJeekeâeb#eeDeeW mes Yeje heÌ[e nw~
Deevebo keâe DevegYeJe keâjlee nw~ heÌ{ves keâer Deeole ceveg<Ùe kesâ meYÙe nesves keâe efÛeÖ nw~ Yetefce Deewj Oeve-mebheefòe hej DeeefOehelÙe peceeves keâer efuehmee kesâ keâejCe GvneWves leyeener
Ùen ceveesjbpeve keâe DeÛÚe meeOeve nw Deewj Keeueer meceÙe keâes JÙeleerle keâjves keâe ceÛeeF&~ Fve ceeveJelee-efJejesOeer DehejeOeeW mes Gvekeâer Deelcee hej keâesF& ØeYeeJe veneR
meyemes DeÛÚe GheeÙe nw~ hegmlekeâeW keâe Ke]peevee efkeâmeer Yeer jepee kesâ Ke]peeves mes yeÌ[e heÌ[e~ Gvekeâer GÛÛe cenòJeekeâeb#ee kesâ keâejCe veweflekeâlee kesâ meYeer efveÙece Oejs kesâ Oejs
neslee nw~ hegmlekeWâ keâuee, meeefnlÙe, efJe%eeve Deewj %eeve™heer meesves keâer KeeveW nQ~ jn ieS~ F&MJej mes efJeõesn keâjves Jeeues Mewleeve mes ueskeâj, efJeMJeefJepeÙe keâe mehevee
efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ osKeves Jeeues yeermeJeeR Meleeyoer kesâ leeveeMeeneW lekeâ, Skeâ lejHeâ lees DelÙeeÛeej Deewj
1. meeefnlÙe, Fefleneme, oMe&ve Deeefo mes mebyebefOele hegmlekeWâ efkeâme ßesCeer ceW Deeleer Ùeelevee keâer keâneveer efceueleer nw Deewj otmejer lejHeâ og:Ke Deewj heerÌ[e keâer~
nQ? yeeFefyeue Fme Deesj Fbefiele keâjleer nw efkeâ efkeâme Øekeâej uÙetefmeHeâj keâer cenòJeekeâeb#ee
(a) meeceevÙe (b) iebYeerj kesâ keâejCe HeâefjMleeW ceW Deveyeve nes ieF&~ cenòJeekeâeb#ee JÙeefkeäle keâes Pet"e Deewj
(c) meenefmekeâ (d) ceveesjbpeve yesF&ceeve yevee osleer nw~ Gmekesâ cegBn ceW jece Deewj yeieue ceW Úgjer nesleer nw~ Jen efce$elee
2. DeOÙeÙeve keâjles meceÙe ceveg<Ùe efkeâme ceveesoMee ceW hengBÛe peelee nw? kesâ meYeer yebOeveeW keâes leesÌ[keâj kesâJeue efvepeer mJeeLe& mes efuehle jnlee nw~
(a) meeceevÙe (b) GÛÛe
ceneYeejle ogÙeexOeve keâer cenòJeekeâeb#ee keâe ner heefjCeece Lee, efpemekesâ keâejCe mebhetCe&
(c) efvecve (d) ceOÙece kegâue keâe efJeveeMe nes ieÙee Lee~ ØeejbYe mes ner Gmeves jepee yeveves Deewj Meemeve keâjves
keâer cenòJeekeâeb#ee heeue jKeer Leer~ Fmeer kesâ efueS Gmeves Deheves ÛeÛesjs YeeFÙeeW,
3. meceeÛeej-he$eeW kesâ DeYeeJe ceW ceveg<Ùe keâer oMee kewâmeer nes mekeâleer nw? heeb[JeeW keâes ceejves kesâ <e[dÙeb$e jÛes~ Gmeves GvnW efpeboe peueeves keâe ØeÙeeme efkeâÙee
(a) mJeeYeeefJekeâ (b) efveYeeakeâ peerJe kesâ meceeve
Deewj peye Jes Fmemes yeÛe efvekeâues lees pegS ceW Ûeeueekeâer mes njekeâj JeveJeeme Yespe
(c) DeeveboceÙe (d) kegâSB kesâ ceW{keâ kesâ meceeve
efoÙee~ JeveJeeme keâer Mele& hetjer nesves hej Yeer Gmeves heeb[JeeW keâes Gvekeâe jepÙe veneR
4. JÙeefkeäle kesâ ceve ceW meenme Deewj efveYeeakeâlee keâer YeeJevee keâye hewoe nesleer nw? ueewšeÙee~ Deblele: ceneYeejle keâe Ùegæ ngDee, efpememes mebhetCe& osMe MeleeefyoÙeeW lekeâ
(a) Ùee$eeSB keâjkesâ (b) leke&â-efJeleke&â keâjkesâ keâcepeesj Deewj efveye&ue yevee jne~ 5,000 Je<e& yeerleves kesâ yeeo Yeer Yeejle Gme ieewjJe
(c) meenefmekeâ hegmlekeWâ heÌ{keâj (d) iebYeerj eEÛeleve keâjkesâ Deewj ceefncee keâes Øeehle keâjves ceW DemeceLe& jne nw~ Fme Øekeâej GÛÛe cenòJeekeâeb#ee
5. uesKekeâ kesâ Devegmeej Keeueer meceÙe keâes Deevebo kesâ meeLe efyeleeves keâe meyemes osMeeW keâe efJeveeMe keâjleer nw Deewj Meebefle keâes ve<š keâj mekeâleer nw~
DeÛÚe meeOeve keäÙee nw? efmekebâoj ceW Yeer efJeMJe-efJepeÙe keâer cenòJeekeâeb#ee Leer~ Gmeves Dehevee DeefYeÙeeve
(a) efJeÉeveeW kesâ efJeÛeej megvevee (b) Ùee$eeSB keâjvee cewkeä[esefveÙee mes ØeejbYe efkeâÙee pees šêÙe, efheme&Ùee Deewj YeejleYetefce lekeâ Hewâuee~ SÛe.
(c) GhevÙeeme heÌ{vee (d) meceeÛeej-he$e heÌ{vee peer. Jesume ves Deheveer hegmlekeâ ceW hee|meÙeve meeceüepÙe keâer jepeOeeveer hesefjmeheesefuepe keâes
nefLeÙeeves kesâ efueS efmekebâoj Éeje efkeâS ieS DeceeveJeerÙe DelÙeeÛeejeW keâe JeCe&ve 10. cenòJeekeâeb#ee keâe otmeje veece efkeâmes ceevee ieÙee nw?
efkeâÙee nw~ Gmeves Deheves mewefvekeâeW keâes hee|meÙee Deewj heÌ[esmeer veiejeW keâes lenme-venme (a) leeveeMeener (b) efve:mJeeLe&lee
keâjves leLee meYeer JeÙemkeâeW keâes yeefue ÛeÌ{eves keâe DeeosMe efoÙee~ YeejleYetefce ceW Yeer (c) Dejepekeâlee (d) <e[dÙeb$e
Gmekeâe JÙeJenej Fmemes DeÛÚe veneR Lee, ÙeÅeefhe heesjme kesâ meenme ves Fme osMe keâes
efJeveeMe mes yeÛee efueÙee~ peye efmekebâoj ceje lees Jen meeceüepÙe pees Gmeves otmejeW mes ~moY 41
Úervee Lee, Jen efÚvve-efYevve nes ieÙee~ ÛeejeW Deesj DeJÙeJemLee Deewj Dejepekeâlee keâefJeÙeeW, MeeÙejeW leLee Deece Deeoceer keâes mecceesefnle keâjves Jeeuee ‘heueeMe’ Deepe
Hewâue ieF&~ Mes<e keâneveer efvece&ce leeveeMeener Deewj DemleJÙemlelee keâer nw~ nj mLeeve hej mebkeâš ceW nw~ Jew%eeefvekeâeW ves ÛesleeJeveer oer nw efkeâ Ùeefo Fmeer Øekeâej heueeMe keâe efJeveeMe
ØeebleerÙe MeemekeâeW ves Deheves Úesšs-Úesšs jepÙe yevee efueS~ ÛeejeW Deesj yesF&ceeveer Deewj peejer jne, lees Ùen ‘{ekeâ kesâ leerve heele’ Jeeueer keâneJele ceW ner yeÛesiee~ DejeJeueer
DehejeOe keâe meeceüepÙe nes ieÙee Deewj Fve MeebeflehetCe& mLeeveeW hej peerJeve veejkeâerÙe nes Deewj melehegÌ[e heJe&le ëe=bKeueeDeeW ceW peye heueeMe Je=#e Ûewle (Jemeble) ceW Hetâuelee Lee,
ieÙee, FmeerefueS keâne ieÙee nw efkeâ cenòJeekeâeb#ee keâe otmeje veece Dejepekeâlee nw~ lees ueielee Lee efkeâ Jeve ceW Deeie ueie ieF& nes DeLeJee Deefive osJe HetâueeW kesâ ™he ceW
efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ efKeue G"s neW~ heueeMe hej Skeâ-oes efove ceW ner mebkeâš veneR Dee ieÙee nw~ efheÚues
1. mebmeej ceW leyeener ceÛeves keâe keäÙee keâejCe jne nw? leerme-Ûeeueerme Je<eeX ceW oesvee-heòeue yeveeves Jeeues keâejKeeves yeÌ{ves, ieeBJe-ieeBJe ceW
(a) Ùegæ veerefle (b) Deveweflekeâlee Ûekeâyeboer nesves leLee Jeve ceeefHeâÙeeDeeW Éeje DebOeeOegbOe keâševe keâjves kesâ keâejCe Gòej
(c) DeeefOehelÙe peceeves keâer efuehmee (d) yebOeveeW keâer DeefOekeâlee ØeosMe, ceOÙe ØeosMe, efyenej, heefMÛece yebieeue, hebpeeye, nefjÙeeCee, jepemLeeve,
keâvee&škeâ, ceneje<š^ Deeefo ØeebleeW ceW heueeMe kesâ Jeve Ieškeâj 10% mes Yeer keâce jn
2. cenòJeekeâeb#ee Deewj veweflekeâlee kesâ mebIe<e& ceW keâewve peerlelee jne nw?
ieS nQ~ Jew%eeefvekeâeW ves heueeMe JeveeW keâes yeÛeeves kesâ efueS Tlekeâ mebJeæ&ve (efšMet
(a) ceveg<Ùe (b) veweflekeâlee
(c) DelÙeeÛeejer (d) cenòJeekeâeb#ee
keâuÛej) Éeje hejKeveueer ceW heueeMe kesâ heewOeeW keâes efJekeâefmele keâj Skeâ DeefYeÙeeve
Ûeueekeâj heueeMe Jeve jesheves keâer Ùeespevee Øemlegle keâer nw~ nefjÙeeCee leLee hegCes ceW Ssmeer
3. ceeveJelee efJejesOeer DehejeOeeW mes efkeâvekeâer Deelcee hej keâesF& ØeYeeJe veneR heÌ[e? oes ØeÙeesieMeeueeSB Yeer Keesueer ieF& nQ~ Skeâ meceÙe Lee, peye yebieeue keâe heueeMeer keâe
(a) cenòJeekeâeb#eer jepeeDeeW keâer
cewoeve leLee DejeJeueer keâer heJe&le-ceeueeSB šsmet kesâ HetâueeW kesâ efueS ogefveÙeeYej ceW
(b) leeveeMeeneW keâer
ceMentj LeeR~ efJeosMeeW mes ueesie heueeMe kesâ jefkeälece JeCe& kesâ hetâue osKeves Deeles Les~
(d) F&MJej keâes ceeveves Jeeues jepeeDeeW keâer cenekeâefJe heodceekeâj ves Úbo—‘‘keânQ heodceekeâj hejeieve ceW, heewve ntB ceW, heeveve ceW,
4. cenòJeekeâeb#ee kesâ keâejCe JÙeefkeäle kesâ Ûeefj$e ceW keâewve-meer yegjeFÙeeB Dee peeleer efhekeâ ceW, heueemeve heieble nw~’’ efueKekeâj heueeMe keâer ceefncee keâe JeCe&ve efkeâÙee Lee~
nw? yeÇpe, DeJeOeer, yegbosueKeb[er, jepemLeeveer, nefjÙeeCeJeer, hebpeeyeer ueeskeâ ieerleeW ceW heueeMe
(a) efce$elee keâer hejekeâe<"e (b) Pet" Deewj yesF&ceeveer kesâ iegCe ieeS ieS nQ~ keâyeerj ves lees ‘KeebKej YeÙee heueeMe’ keânkeâj heueeMe keâer
(c) Ûeesjer Deewj [kewâleer (d) meodÛeefj$elee leguevee Skeâ Ssmes megboj-mepeerues veJeÙegJekeâ mes keâer nw, pees Deheveer peJeeveer ceW lees
5. ogÙeexOeve ves heeb[JeeW keâes ceejves kesâ efueS keâewve-mee <e[dÙeb$e jÛee? meyekeâes Deekeâe|<ele keâj ueslee nw, eEkeâleg yegÌ{ehes ceW Dekesâuee jn peelee nw~ Jemeble Je
(a) eEpeoe peueeves keâe ØeÙeeme «eer<ce $e+leg ceW peye lekeâ šsmet ceW Hetâue Je njs-Yejs heòes jnles nQ, Gmes meYeer efvenejles
(b) pegS ceW Ûeeueekeâer mes njevee nQ, eEkeâleg Mes<e Dee" cenerves Jen helePeÌ[ keâe efMekeâej neskeâj PeeÌ[-PebKeeÌ[ keâer lejn
(c) JeveJeeme mes ueewšves hej jepÙe ve osvee jn peelee nw~ heÙee&JejCe kesâ efueS hueeefmškeâ-hee@ueerLeerve hej jeskeâ ueieves kesâ yeeo
(d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer heueeMe keâer GheÙeesefielee cenmetme keâer ieF&, efpemekesâ heòes oesves, Lewues, heòeue, Leeueer,
6. Yeejle kesâ efveye&ue nesves keâe keäÙee keâejCe Lee? efieueeme meefnle ve peeves efkeâleves GheÙeesie ceW Dee mekeâles nQ~ efheÚues leerme-Ûeeueerme
(a) mJeeLe& YeeJevee Je<eeX ceW 90% Jeve ve<š keâj [eues ieS~ efyevee heeveer kesâ yebpej, Tmej lekeâ ceW Gie
(b) ceneYeejle keâe Ùegæ Deeves Jeeues Fme hesÌ[ keâer veF& heerÌ{er lewÙeej veneR ngF&~ Ùeefo Ùener efmLeefle jner Deewj
(c) efmekebâoj kesâ DelÙeeÛeej
meceepe peeie¤keâ ve ngDee, lees heueeMe efJeueghle Je=#e nes peeSiee~
(d) Úesšs-Úesšs jepÙeeW keâe yevevee
7. Yeejle osMe keâes efJeveeMe mes efkeâmeves yeÛee efueÙee? efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(a) eEmekeâoj ves (b) ogÙeexOeve ves 1. ieÅeebMe ceW uesKekeâ keâer eEÛelee keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw?
(c) heesjme ves (d) ØeebleerÙe Meemekeâ ves (a) heueeMe kesâ Je=#eeW keâe Iešlee mlej
8. efmekebâoj keâe jepÙe efÚvve-efYevve nesves keâe keäÙee heefjCeece ngDee? (b) Tlekeâ mebJeæ&ve keâer keâceer
(a) osMe ceW Meebefle keâer mLeehevee (c) heÙee&JejCe keâer megj#ee
(b) DeJÙeJemLee Deewj Dejepekeâlee Hewâue ieF& (d) peerJeve keâe mebIe<e&
(c) leeveeMeener keâer mLeehevee 2. DejeJeueer Deewj melehegÌ[e ceW heueeMe kesâ Je=#e kewâmes ueieles Les?
(d) peerJeve menpe nes ieÙee (a) Jeve ceW ueieer Deeie kesâ meceeve
9. heÌ[esmeer veiejeW keâes ve<š keâjves Deewj meYeer JeÙemkeâeW keâes yeefue ÛeÌ{eves keâe (b) {ekeâ kesâ leerve heele kesâ meceeve
DeeosMe efkeâmekesâ Éeje efoÙee ieÙee? (c) Je<ee& $e+leg ceW FbõOeveg<e kesâ meceeve
(a) SÛe. peer. Jesume kesâ (b) efmekebâoj kesâ (d) ieeBJe ceW efKeues šsmet kesâ hetâue kesâ meceeve
(c) heesjme kesâ (d) uÙetefmeHeâj kesâ
{hÝXr 41
3. heueeMe kesâ JeveeW keâer mebKÙee keâce nesves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw? kesâ efueS Yeer ceeie&oMe&ve keâjleer nw, lees Gmekeâe peerJeve Yeer ceeveJe-peerJeve keâe
(a) ieeBJe ceW Ûekeâyeboer leLee ceeefHeâÙeeDeeW Éeje Fvekeâe DebOeeOegbOe keâeše peevee DeefYeOeeve veneR hee mekeâlee~ Jen YeejJeener ieo&Ye yeve peelee nw Ùee
(b) keâejKeeveeW ceW FvnW cenòJe ve efoÙee peevee hetBÚ-meeRie-efJenerve heMeg keâne peelee nw~ Jele&ceeve Yeejle ceW henueer efJeÅee keâe ØeeÙe:
(c) heueeMe kesâ Je=#e keâe Iešlee cenòJe DeYeeJe efoKeeF& oslee nw, hejbleg otmejer efJeÅee keâe ™he Yeer efJeke=âle ner nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ ve
(d) pevemebKÙee keâe DeefOekeâ nesvee
lees mketâue-keâe@uespeeW mes efMe#ee Øeehle keâjkesâ efvekeâuee Úe$e peerefJekeâepe&ve kesâ ÙeesiÙe
4. heueeMe kesâ Je=#eeW keâes yeÛeeves kesâ efueS keäÙee efkeâÙee pee jne nw? yeve heelee nw Deewj ve ner Jen Gve mebmkeâejeW mes Ùegkeäle nes heelee nw, efpevemes JÙeefkeäle
(a) ueesieeW ceW peeie®keâlee ueekeâj veS heueeMe ueieevee ‘kegâ’ mes ‘meg’ yevelee nw, megefMeef#ele, megmeYÙe Deewj megmebmke=âle keânueeves keâe DeefOekeâejer
(b) DeefYeÙeeve Ûeueekeâj heueeMe Jeve jesheves keâer Ùeespevee Øemlegle keâjvee neslee nw~ Jele&ceeve efMe#ee-heæefle kesâ Debleie&le nce pees efJeÅee Øeehle keâj jns nQ,
(c) heueeMe kesâ cenòJe mes JebefÛele jKekeâj DevÙe keâes cenòJe osvee
Gmekeâer efJeMes<eleeDeeW keâes meJe&Lee vekeâeje Yeer veneR pee mekeâlee~ Ùen efMe#ee kegâÚ meercee
lekeâ nceejs Âef<škeâesCe keâes efJekeâefmele Yeer keâjleer nw, nceejer ceveer<ee keâes Øeyegæ
5. keâyeerj ves heueeMe keâer leguevee efkeâmemes keâer nw? yeveeleer nw leLee YeeJeveeDeeW keâes Ûesleve keâjleer nw, efkebâleg keâuee, efMeuhe, ØeewÅeesefiekeâer
(a) Je=æ JÙeefkeäle mes Deeefo keâer efMe#ee veececee$e keâer nesves kesâ HeâuemJe™he Fme osMe kesâ mveelekeâ kesâ efueS
(b) MeeÙejeW mes peerefJekeâepe&ve šsÌ{er Keerj yeve peelee nw Deewj ye=nmheefle yevee ÙegJekeâ veewkeâjer keâer
(c) keâesÙeue kesâ ketâkeâves mes
(d) megboj-mepeerues veJeÙegJekeâ mes leueeMe ceW Dee|peÙeeB efueKeves ceW ner Deheves peerJeve keâe yengcetuÙe meceÙe yeyee&o keâj
ueslee nw~ peerJeve kesâ meJeeËieerCe efJekeâeme keâes OÙeeve ceW jKeles ngS Ùeefo efMe#ee kesâ
6. Fefleneme ceW heueeMe kesâ HetâueeW keâes efkeâmeceW mLeeve efceuee nw? ›eâefcekeâ meesheeveeW hej efJeÛeej efkeâÙee peeS, lees YeejleerÙe efJeÅeeLeea keâes meJe&ØeLece Fme
(a) efJeefYevve keâefJeÙeeW keâer jÛeveeDeeW ceW Øekeâej keâer efMe#ee oer peeveer ÛeeefnS pees DeeJeMÙekeâ nes, otmejer pees GheÙeesieer nes Deewj
(b) ueeskeâ-ieerleeW ceW
leermejer pees nceejs peerJeve keâes heefj<ke=âle SJeb Deuebke=âle keâjleer nes~ Ùes leerveeW meerefÌ{ÙeeB
(d) keâuee SJeb mebmke=âefle ceW Skeâ kesâ yeeo Skeâ Deeleer nQ, FveceW JÙeefle›eâce veneR nesvee ÛeeefnS~ Fme ›eâce ceW
JÙeeIeele Dee peeves mes ceeveJe-peerJeve keâe Ûee® Øeemeeo KeÌ[e keâjvee DemebYeJe nw~
7. heueeMe keâer GheÙeesefielee keâye cenmetme keâer ieF&? Ùen lees YeJeve keâer Úle yeveekeâj veeRJe yeveeves kesâ meÂMe nw~ Jele&ceeve Yeejle ceW efMe#ee
(a) hueeefmškeâ-hee@ueerefLeve keâer LewefueÙeeW hej jeskeâ ueieves kesâ yeeo
(b) keâefJeÙeeW Éeje eflejmke=âle nesves kesâ yeeo keâer DeJemLee osKekeâj Ssmee Øeleerle neslee nw efkeâ ØeeÛeerve YeejleerÙe oeMe&efvekeâeW ves
(c) Fefleneme Éeje efJemce=le nesves kesâ yeeo ‘Devve’ mes ‘Deevebo’ keâer Deesj yeÌ{ves keâes pees ‘efJeÅee keâe meej’ keâne Lee, Jen meJe&Lee
(d) DevÙe Je=#eeW keâe cenòJe keâce nesves kesâ yeeo meceerÛeerve ner Lee~
8. keâefJeÙeeW, MeeÙejeW Deewj Deece Deeoceer keâes mecceesefnle keâjves Jeeuee heueeMe Deepe efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
efkeâme mebkeâš mes iegpej jne nw? 1. Jele&ceeve ÙegJekeâ Dehevee yengcetuÙe meceÙe efkeâmeceW yeyee&o keâj osles nQ?
(a) veJe-efvecee&Ce kesâ YeÙe kesâ (b) efJeueghle nesves kesâ YeÙe kesâ (a) ceveesjbpeve ceW (b) veewkeâjer keâer leueeMe ceW
(c) cenòJenerve nesves kesâ YeÙe kesâ (d) Dehevesheve kesâ YeÙe kesâ (c) efMe#ee Øeehle keâjves ceW (d) Øeeflemheæe& ceW
9. heueeMe kesâ iegCe efkeâme Yee<ee kesâ ueeskeâ-ieerleeW ceW ieeS ieS nQ? 2. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej peerJeve-Ùeeheve kesâ efueS Depe&ve keâjvee keâewve efmeKeelee nw?
(a) yegbosueKeb[er (b) hebpeeyeer (a) heefjJeej (b) ØeLece Øekeâej keâer efJeÅee
(c) yeÇpe (d) Ùes meYeer (c) efÉleerÙe Øekeâej keâer efJeÅee (d) meceepe
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? 3. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej efkeâmekeâe DeYeeJe peerJeve keâes efvejLe&keâ yevee oslee nw?
(a) Øeke=âefle JeCe&ve hej (b) heueeMe kesâ mebkeâš hej (a) Oeve keâe (b) efMe#ee keâe
(c) heÙee&JejCe megj#ee hej (d) meeefnlÙe Deewj heueeMe hej (c) heefjJeej keâe (d) peeefle keâe
4. otmejeW hej efkeâme Øekeâej keâe JÙeefkeäle Yeej yeve peelee nw?
~moY 42 (a) ueeueÛeer (b) efJeÅee Øeehle
(c) mJeeJeuebyeer (d) efJeÅeenerve
leòJeJesòee efMe#eeefJeoeW kesâ Devegmeej efJeÅee oes Øekeâej keâer nesleer nw~ ØeLece Jen, pees
nceW peerJeve-Ùeeheve kesâ efueS Depe&ve keâjvee efmeKeeleer nw Deewj efÉleerÙe Jen, pees nceW 5. ‘kegâ’ mes ‘meg’ yeveeves ceW keäÙee DeeMeÙe meefvveefnle nw?
peervee efmeKeueeleer nw~ FveceW mes Skeâ keâe Yeer DeYeeJe peerJeve keâes efvejLe&keâ yevee oslee (a) ogue&Ye mes megueYe yeveevee (b) ogie&ce mes megiece yeveevee
nw~ efyevee keâceeS peerJeve-efveJee&n mebYeJe veneR~ keâesF& Yeer veneR Ûeensiee efkeâ Jen (c) og<keâj mes megkeâj yeveevee (d) ogpe&ve mes megpeve yeveevee
ceelee-efhelee, heefjJeej kesâ efkeâmeer meomÙe, peeefle Ùee meceepe hej hejeJeuebyeer nes~ Ssmeer 6. osMe kesâ mveelekeâ kesâ efueS šsÌ{er Keerj keäÙee yeve peelee nw?
efJeÅee mes efJenerve JÙeefkeäle keâe peerJeve otYej nes peelee nw, Jen otmejeW kesâ efueS Yeej (a) peerefJekeâepe&ve (b) efMe#ee
yeve peelee nw~ meeLe ner, otmejer efJeÅee kesâ efyevee meeLe&keâ peerJeve veneR efpeÙee pee (c) DeOÙeelce (d) meceepe
mekeâlee~ yengle Dee|pele keâj uesves Jeeues JÙeefkeäle keâe peerJeve Ùeefo megÛee® ™he mes veneR 7. kegâÚ meercee lekeâ nceejs Âef<škeâesCe keâes efJekeâefmele keâewve keâjlee nw?
Ûeue jne nw, GmeceW Ùeefo Jen peerJeble-Meefkeäle veneR nw, pees Gmekesâ Deheves peerJeve keâes (a) ØeeÛeerve efMe#ee-heæefle (b) Jele&ceeve efMe#ee-heæefle
lees melheLe hej De«emej keâjleer ner nw, meeLe ner Jen Deheves meceepe, peeefle SJeb je<š^ (c) Oeveesheepe&ve (d) peerefJekeâesheepe&ve
8. YeejleerÙe efJeÅeeLeea keâes efkeâme Øekeâej keâer efMe#ee oer peeveer ÛeeefnS? «eefmele nesleer nw~ DeeJeMÙekeâlee Fmekesâ Deblej keâes mecePeves keâer nw~ keâefceÙeeW keâes Fbefiele
(a) DeeJeMÙekeâ keâjleer Ùeeveer mekeâejelcekeâ DeeueesÛevee keâes Debieerkeâej keâjves keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw,
(b) GheÙeesieer peyeefkeâ vekeâejelcekeâ DeeueesÛevee Deewj Gmes keâjves Jeeues mes otjer yeveeves ceW ner YeueeF&
(c) peerJeve keâes heefj<ke=âle SJeb Deuebke=âle keâjves Jeeueer
efveefnle nw~
9. Devve mes Deevebo keâer Deesj yeÌ{ves ceW efJeÅee keâe meej efveefnle nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ Ssmeer
efJeÅee ceveg<Ùe keâe 1. ‘‘DeeueesÛevee Skeâ oesOeejer leueJeej keâer lejn nesleer nw’’– hebefkeäle keâe keäÙee
(a) Yeeweflekeâ efJekeâeme keâjleer nw DeeMeÙe nw?
(b) DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ efJekeâeme keâjleer nw (a) DeeueesÛevee kesâ ceeOÙece mes JÙeefkeäle Deheves Denbkeâej keâes otj keâj ienjer
(c) meJeeËieerCe efJekeâeme keâjleer nw mecePe efJekeâefmele keâj mekeâlee nw
(d) meeceeefpekeâ efJekeâeme keâjleer nw (b) DeeueesÛevee keâes efoue hej ueskeâj mebyebefOele JÙeefkeäle mes Deheves mebyebOe efyeieeÌ[
mekeâlee nw
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW
(a) peerves keâer keâuee hej (d) DeeueesÛevee kesâ Éeje JÙeefkeäle Dehevee meJe&mJe DeefmlelJe meceehle keâj ueslee nw
(b) Jele&ceeve YeejleerÙe efMe#ee hej
(c) ceeveJe peerJeve keâer meeLe&keâlee hej 2. Deheves Pet"s Denbkeâej keâes Skeâ Deesj jKekeâj ienjer mecePe efkeâmekesâ ceeOÙece mes
(d) efMe#ee kesâ meesheeve hej efJekeâefmele keâj mekeâles nQ?
(a) JÙeefkeäle efJeMes<e kesâ (b) hejHesâkeäMeve kesâ
(c) DeeueesÛevee kesâ (d) OÙeeve kesâ
~moY 43
3. DeeueesÛevee keâes Deelcemeeled keâjkesâ keäÙee efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw?
Deepe keâer ogefveÙee kesâ meboYe& ceW oes yeeleeW keâe OÙeeve jKevee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw—nce Skeâ (a) otmejeW keâer yegjeF& (b) mJeÙeb keâer eEveoe
Ssmeer ogefveÙee ceW jn jns nQ, peneB hejhesâkeäMeve keâe yeesueyeeuee nw~ FmeceW mes ØelÙeskeâ (c) mJeÙeb keâe efJekeâeme (d) mebyebOeeW keâes Kejeye
efkeâmeer-ve-efkeâmeer kesâ Øeefle efkeâmeer no lekeâ peJeeyeosn nw~ Ssmes heefjÂMÙe ceW meyemes
keâef"ve nes peelee nw Deheveer DeeueesÛevee keâes mJeerkeâej keâj heevee~ neueeBefkeâ Ùen Yeer 4. Deheveer efveCee&Ùekeâ #ecelee keâe yesnlej ØeÙeesie keâjkesâ DeeueesÛevee ceW mes efkeâmes
mJeerkeâej keâjvee ÛeeefnS?
meÛe nw efkeâ kewâmeer Yeer DeeueesÛevee mJeerkeâejvee cegefMkeâue ner neslee nw, Yeues ner Jen
(a) Jes yeeleW pees otmejeW hej ueeiet nes
nceejer YeueeF& kesâ efueS ner keäÙeeW ve nes~ DeeueesÛevee Skeâ oesOeejer leueJeej keâer lejn (b) Jes yeeleW pees mJeÙeb hej ueeiet nesleer nes
nesleer nw~ Skeâ Deesj Deehe Fmekesâ DeeOeej hej Deheves Pet"s Denb keâes ojefkeâveej keâj (c) Jes yeeleW pees heerÌ[e hengBÛeeSB
ienjer mecePe efJekeâefmele keâj mekeâles nQ, lees Skeâ Deesj DeeueesÛevee keâes efoue hej (d) Jes yeeleW pees otmejeW kesâ efnle ceW nes
ueskeâj mebyebefOele MeKme mes Deheves mebyebOe efyeieeÌ[ mekeâles nQ~ keân mekeâles nQ efkeâ Ùen
5. efkeâme yeele keâes ceeve uesves mes mekeâejelcekeâ DeeueesÛevee Deheves efnle ceW uesves keâer
JÙeefkeäle efJeMes<e hej efveYe&j keâjlee nw efkeâ Jen DeeueesÛevee keâes efkeâme lejn ueslee nw~ Deeole nes peeleer nw?
Gmemes Dehevee efJekeâeme keâjlee nw Ùee Pet"s Denb ceW heÌ[ Deheves keâes ner mener ceevelee (a) otmejeW keâer keâner ØelÙeskeâ yeele
jnlee nw~ Yeues ner DeeueesÛevee efkeâleveer ner Ûeesš keäÙeeW ve hengBÛeeS, uesefkeâve otmejs keâes (b) ceveg<Ùe ieueefleÙeeW keâe hegleuee nw
hetjs OÙeeve Je iebYeerjlee kesâ meeLe megveW~ DeeueesÛevee ¤heer meueen keâes efmejs mes Keeefj]pe (c) meeceeefpekeâ mebyebOe meJeexheefj nQ
keâjves mes yesnlej nesiee efkeâ pees mener nes, Gmes Deelcemeeled keâjW~ Gmes mJeerkeâej keâj (d) megOeej keâer mebYeeJevee ncesMee jnleer nw
mJeÙeb keâe efJekeâeme keâjW~ Fme ›eâce ceW Deheveer efveCee&Ùekeâ #ecelee keâe yesnlej ØeÙeesie 6. DeeueesÛevee keâes mJeerkeâejvee cegefMkeâue keäÙeeW neslee nw?
keâj Jener yeeleW mJeerkeâej keâjW, pees Deehe hej ueeiet nesleer nQ~ Ssmee ve nes efkeâ (a) keäÙeeWefkeâ Jele&ceeve meceÙe ceW Fmes yegjeF& keâe heÙee&Ùe ceevee peelee nw
DeeueesÛevee keâe Jen efnmmee Yeer ceeve ueW, pees Deehe hej ueeiet ner ve neslee nes~ (b) keäÙeeWefkeâ FmeceW melÙe efveefnle neslee nw
Yeues ner Deehe efkeâleves ner me]heâue keäÙeeW ve nes peeSB, uesefkeâve Ùen OÙeeve jKeW efkeâ (c) keäÙeeWefkeâ Ùen kesâJeue keâefceÙeeW keâer Deesj FMeeje keâjleer nw
(d) keäÙeeWefkeâ FmeceW kesâJeue DemelÙe keâe YeeJe efveefnle neslee nw
megOeej keâer mebYeeJevee ncesMee jnleer nw~ Fmes ceeve uesves mes mekeâejelcekeâ DeeueesÛevee
Deheves efnle ceW uesves keâer Deeole nes peeleer nw~ Fmekesâ efueS efoceeie ncesMee Keguee 7. efkeâme Øekeâej keâer DeeueesÛevee keâes mJeerkeâej keâjvee ÛeeefnS?
(a) vekeâejelcekeâ (b) mekeâejelcekeâ
jKeves keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw~ efkeâmeer ves keâesF& yeele keâer, pees DeeueesÛevee nw, lees legjble
(c) meeceevÙe (d) DemeeceevÙe
ner efkeâmeer efveCe&Ùe hej hengBÛeves kesâ yepeeÙe Gme yeele hej iebYeerjlee mes ceveve keâjW~
F&ceeveoejer mes efJeÛeej keâjW efkeâ keâner ieF& yeele ceW keâneR Yeer keâesF& jòeerYej Yeer meÛÛeeF& 8. keâefceÙeeW keâes meeceves ueekeâj GvnW otj keâjvee efkeâme Øekeâej keâer DeeueesÛevee kesâ
nw~ DeeueesÛeveelcekeâ efšhheCeer keâer meejiee|Yelee keâe mener Deekeâueve heefjhekeäJelee Deewj Debleie&le DeeSiee?
(a) vekeâejelcekeâ DeeueesÛevee (b) hetJee&«eener DeeueesÛevee
efJekeâeme keâer efoMee ceW G"e henuee keâoce neslee nw~ yeele Yeues DeeÛeej-JÙeJenej, (c) mekeâejelcekeâ DeeueesÛevee (d) F&<Ùee&JeMe keâer ieF& DeeueesÛevee
peerJeve-Mewueer ceW yeoueeJe keâer nes Ùee efheâj keâeÙe&Mewueer ceW heefjJele&ve keâer~ nceW ncesMee
9. DeeÛeej-JÙeJenej, peerJeve Mewueer, keâeÙe&Mewueer Deeefo #es$eeW ceW nce Deheveer
peeie¤keâ jnvee nesiee efkeâ nce kewâmes Fve #es$eeW ceW Deheveer Meefkeäle yeÌ{e mekeâles nQ~
Meefkeäle kewâmes yeÌ{e mekeâles nQ?
DeeueesÛevee oes lejn keâer nesleer nw~ Skeâ keâe cekeâmeo Deehekeâer keâefceÙeeW keâes meeceves (a) eEÛeleve-ceveve keâjkesâ (b) hetJe&OeejCee yeveekeâj
ueekeâj Gmes otj keâjvee neslee nw, peyeefkeâ Skeâ cenpe F&<Ùee&JeMe Ùee hetJee&«en mes (c) peeie™keâ jnkeâj (d) meceepe mes meerKekeâj
{hÝXr 43
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? 3. Jew%eeefvekeâ eEÛeleve heæefle ves ceveg<Ùe keâes meyemes henues efkeâmemes cegefkeäle efoueeF&?
(a) DeeueesÛekeâ kesâ iegCe hej (a) meblegefuele DevegeEÛeleve (b) ØeeÛeerve meebmke=âeflekeâ hejbhejeDeeW
(b) JÙeefkeäle efJeMes<e keâer ceve: efmLeefle hej (c) DeewheÛeeefjkeâleeDee (d) YeücehetCe& ™efÌ{Jeeoer efJeÛeej
(c) JÙeefkeäle keâer keâefceÙeeW hej
4. efJe%eeve kesâ ÛejCe ieefleMeerue keäÙeeW keâns pee mekeâles nQ?
(d) DeeueesÛevee kesâ cenòJe hej
(a) efJe%eeve keâer leerJeÇ ieefle kesâ keâejCe
(b) ÙeeleeÙeele kesâ meeOeve DeeefJe<ke=âle keâjves kesâ keâejCe
~moY 44 (c) efJe%eeve kesâ Gòejeslej efJeefYevve efoMeeDeeW ceW GvcegKe nesves kesâ keâejCe
(d) ØeieefleMeerue efJeÛeejOeeje kesâ keâejCe
efJe%eeve Deepe kesâ ceeveJe-peerJeve keâe DeefJeYeepÙe SJeb Ieefve<" Debie yeve ieÙee nw~
ceeveJe-peerJeve keâe keâesF& Yeer #es$e efJe%eeve kesâ DeßeglehetJe& DeeefJe<keâejeW mes DeÚtlee veneR 5. mecetÛee efJeMJe Skeâ heefjJeej kesâ meceeve ueieves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw?
jne~ Fmeer mes DeeOegefvekeâ Ùegie efJe%eeve keâe Ùegie keânueelee nw~ Deepe efJe%eeve ves heg®<e (a) efJe%eeve keâer ieefleMeerue Meefkeäle
(b) efJe%eeve Deewj peerJeve ceW Ieefve<"lee
Deewj veejer, meeefnlÙekeâej Deewj jepeveerefle%e, GÅeesieheefle Deewj ke=â<ekeâ, hetBpeerheefle Deewj
(c) ÙeeleeÙeele SJeb mebÛeej kesâ meeOeveeW keâe efJekeâeme
ßeefcekeâ, efÛeefkeâlmekeâ Deewj mewefvekeâ, DeefYeÙevlee Deewj efMe#ekeâ leLee Oece&%e Deewj (d) efJeMJeyebOeglJe keâer YeeJevee keâe efJekeâeme
leòJe%e meYeer keâes Deewj meYeer #es$eeW ceW efkeâmeer-ve-efkeâmeer ™he ceW Deheves DeØeeflece
ØeosÙe mes Devegie=nerle efkeâÙee nw~ Deepe mecetÛee heefjJesMe efJe%eeveceÙe nes ieÙee nw~ efJe%eeve 6. efJe%eeve kesâ menÙeesie mes ceveg<Ùe ves keâneB ØeJesMe keâj efueÙee nw?
(a) ceveg<Ùe kesâ ùoÙe ceW (b) Debleefj#e ceW
kesâ ÛejCe ie=efnCeer kesâ jmeesF&Iej mes ueskeâj yeÌ[er-yeÌ[er ØeeÛeerjeW Jeeues YeJeveeW Deewj
(c) efJeosMeeW ceW (d) mecegõ ceW
DešdšeefuekeâeDeeW ceW ner Âef<šiele veneR nesles, ØelÙegle Jes mLeue Deewj peue keâer meerceeDeeW
keâes ueeBIekeâj Debleefj#e ceW Yeer ieefleMeerue nQ~ Jemlegle: efJe%eeve DeÅeleve ceeveJe keâer 7. Jew%eeefvekeâ eEÛeleve heæefle kesâ ØeYeeJe mes JÙeefkeäle kewâmee peerJeve peer mekeâlee nw?
meyemes yeÌ[er Meefkeäle yeve ieÙee nw~ Fmekesâ yeue mes ceveg<Ùe Øeke=âefle Deewj ØeeefCepeieled keâe (a) ÙeLeeLe& (b) mecÙekedâ
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW (d) yeveeJešer
efMejesceefCe yeve mekeâe nw~ efJe%eeve kesâ Deveg«en mes Jen meYeer Øekeâej keâer megefJeOeeDeeW
Deewj mebheoeDeeW keâe mJeeefcelJe Øeehle keâj Ûegkeâe nw~ Deye Jen $e+le-$e+legDeeW kesâ 8. ceeveJe mes efJe%eeve keâer osve keâes efkeâve keâeÙeeX ceW efveÙeesefpele keâjves keâer Dehes#ee
Øekeâeshe mes YeÙee›eâeble SJeb meb$emle veneR nw~ efJeÅegle ves Gmes Deeueesefkeâle efkeâÙee nw, nw?
G<Celee Deewj Meerleuelee oer nw, yešve oyeekeâj efkeâmeer Yeer keâeÙe& keâes mebhevve keâjves keâer (a) ueeYeØeo (b) menÙeesieØeo
leekeâle Yeer oer nw~ ceveesjbpeve kesâ efJeefJeOe meeOeve Gmes megueYe nQ~ ÙeeleeÙeele SJeb (c) jÛeveelcekeâ (d) efJeOJebmeelcekeâ
mebÛeej kesâ meeOeveeW kesâ efJekeâeme mes meceÙe Deewj mLeeve keâer otefjÙeeB yengle keâce nes ieF& 9. uesKekeâ keâer Âef<š ceW efJe%eeve keâer meyemes yeÌ[er osve keäÙee nw?
nQ Deewj mecetÛee efJeMJe Skeâ heefjJeej-mee ueieves ueiee nw~ ke=âef<e Deewj GÅeesie kesâ #es$e (a) mebÛeej megefJeOeeSB
ceW Glheeove keâer leerJeÇ Je=efæ nesves kesâ keâejCe Deepe ogefveÙee henues mes DeefOekeâ (b) efJeÅegle keâe DeeefJe<keâej
Oeve-OeevÙe mes mebhevve nw~ efMe#ee Deewj efÛeefkeâlmee kesâ #es$e ceW efJe%eeve keâer osve (c) Jew%eeefvekeâ eEÛeleve heæefle
(d) efÛeefkeâlmee Deewj efMe#ee keâer megefJeOeeSB
DeefYeveboveerÙe nw~ efJe%eeve kesâ menÙeesie mes ceveg<Ùe Oejleer Deewj mecegõ kesâ Deveskeâ
jnmÙe nmleeceuekeâ keâjkesâ Deye Debleefj#e ueeskeâ ceW ØeJesMe keâj Ûegkeâe nw~ meJeexheefj, 10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙehemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
efJe%eeve ves ceveg<Ùe keâes yeewefækeâ efJekeâeme Øeoeve efkeâÙee nw Deewj Jew%eeefvekeâ (a) efJe%eeve keâe ceeveJe peerJeve hej ØeYeeJe
eEÛeleve-heæefle oer nw~ Jew%eeefvekeâ eEÛeleve-heæefle mes ceveg<Ùe DebOeefJeMJeemeeW Deewj (b) Jew%eeefvekeâ eEÛeleve Deewj ceeveJe
(c) efJe%eeve kesâ ieefleMeerue ÛejCe
™efÌ{-hejbhejeDeeW mes cegkeäle neskeâj mJemLe SJeb meblegefuele {bie mes meesÛe-efJeÛeej keâj
(d) efJe%eeve kesâ DeeefJe<keâej
mekeâlee nw Deewj ÙeLeeLe& SJeb mecÙekedâ peerJeve peer mekeâlee nw~ Fmemes ceveg<Ùe kesâ ceve keâes
ÙegieeW kesâ DebOeefJeMJeemeeW, YeücehetCe& Deewj oefkeâÙeevetmeer efJeÛeejeW, YeÙe Deewj De%eevelee mes
cegefkeäle efceueer nw~ efJe%eeve keâer Ùen osve mleglÙe nw~ ceeveJe keâes ÛeeefnS efkeâ Jen efJe%eeve ~moY 45
keâer Fme mece«e osve keâes jÛeveelcekeâ keâeÙeeX ceW megefveÙeesefpele keâjW~ Jele&ceeve meebØeoeefÙekeâ mebkeâerCe&lee kesâ efJe<ece JeeleeJejCe ceW meble-meeefnlÙe keâer
efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ GheeosÙelee yengle nw~ mebleeW ceW efMejesceefCe keâyeerjoeme YeejleerÙe Oece& efvejhes#elee kesâ
DeeOeej heg®<e nQ~ meble keâyeerj Skeâ meHeâue meeOekeâ, ØeYeeJeMeeueer GheosMekeâ, ceneved
1. Deepe efJe%eeve keâes ceveg<Ùe kesâ peerJeve keâe DeefYevve Debie keäÙeeW ceevee pee mekeâlee veslee Deewj Ùegie-õ<še Les~ Gvekeâe mecemle keâeJÙe efJeÛeejeW keâer YeJÙelee Deewj ùoÙe
nw? keâer levceÙelee leLee DeewoeÙe& mes heefjhetCe& nw~ GvneWves keâefJelee kesâ menejs Deheves efJeÛeejeW
(a) efJe%eeve kesâ DeeefJe<keâej DeYetlehetJe& nQ Deewj YeejleerÙe Oece&-efvejhes#elee kesâ DeeOeej keâes Ùegie-Ùegieeblej kesâ efueS Decejlee
(b) efJe%eeve ves meYeer #es$eeW ceW ceeveJe keâes ØeYeeefJele efkeâÙee nw Øeoeve keâer~ keâyeerj ves Oece& keâes ceeveJe Oece& kesâ ™he ceW osKee Lee~ melÙe kesâ meceLe&keâ
(c) efJe%eeve ves Deee|Lekeâ Gvveefle Øeoeve keâer nw
(d) DeeOegefvekeâ Ùegie efJe%eeve keâe Ùegie nw
keâyeerj ùoÙe ceW efJeÛeej-meeiej Deewj JeeCeer ceW DeYetlehetJe& Meefkeäle ueskeâj DeJeleefjle
ngS Les~ GvneWves ueeskeâ-keâuÙeeCe keâer keâecevee mes Øesefjle neskeâj mJeevegYetefle kesâ menejs
2. efkeâmekesâ yeue hej ceveg<Ùe Øeke=âefle Deewj ØeeefCepeieled keâe efMejesceefCe yeve mekeâe keâeJÙe jÛevee keâer~
nw?
(a) mJeÙeb kesâ (b) meeOeveeW kesâ
Jes hee"Meeuee Ùee cekeâleye keâer [dÙeesÌ{er mes otj peerJeve kesâ efJeÅeeueÙe ceW ‘ceefme keâeieo
(c) efJe%eeve kesâ (d) meòee kesâ ÚgÙees veeEn’ keâer oMee ceW peer keâj melÙe, F&MJej hej efJeMJeeme, Øesce, DeeEnmee,
Oece&-efvejhes#elee Deewj menevegYetefle keâe hee" heÌ{ekeâj DevegYeteflecetuekeâ %eeve keâe Øemeej 10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
keâj jns Les~ keâyeerj ves meceepe ceW Hewâues ngS efceLÙeeÛeejeW Deewj kegâeflmele YeeJeveeDeeW (a) meble meeefnlÙe
keâer OeefppeÙeeB GÌ[e oeR~ mJekeâerÙe Yeesieer ngF& JesoveeDeeW kesâ Dee›eâesMe mes Yejkeâj (b) Yeefkeälekeâeueerve meeefnlÙe
meceepe ceW Hewâues ngS {eWie Deewj heeKeb[eW, kegâeflmele efJeÛeejOeejeDeeW kesâ Øeefle oes štkeâ (c) Ùegie õ<še: meble keâyeerj
(d) keâyeerj keâe mecekeâeueerve meceepe
MeyoeW ceW GvneWves pees yeeleW keâneR, Gvemes meceepe keâer DeeBKeW Heâšer-keâer-Heâšer jn ieFË
Deewj meeOeejCe pevelee Gvekeâer JeeefCeÙeeW mes Ûeslevee Øeehle keâj Gvekeâer Devegieeefceveer
yeveves keâes JÙe«e nes G"er~ osMe keâer meeceeefpekeâ, jepeveereflekeâ, Oeee|cekeâ, Deee|Lekeâ SJeb ~moY 46
meebmke=âeflekeâ Deeefo meYeer Øekeâej keâer mecemÙeeDeeW keâe meceeOeeve JewÙeefkeälekeâ peerJeve kesâ YeejleerÙe ceveer<ee ves keâuee, Oece&, oMe&ve Deewj meeefnlÙe kesâ #es$e ceW veevee YeeJe mes
ceeOÙece mes Øemlegle keâjves keâe Devet"e ØeÙelve meble keâyeerj ves efkeâÙee~ GvneWves yeeBn cenòJehetCe& heâue heeS nQ Deewj YeefJe<Ùe ceW Yeer cenòJehetCe& heâue heeves keâer ÙeesiÙelee keâe
G"ekeâj yeuehetJe&keâ keâne heefjÛeÙe Jen os Ûegkeâer nw, hejbleg veevee keâejCeeW mes mecetÛeer pevelee Skeâ ner Oejeleue
keâyeerje KeÌ[e yee]peej ceW, efueS uegkeâe"er neLe~ hej veneR nw Deewj meyekeâer eEÛeleve-Âef<š Yeer Skeâ veneR nw~ peuoer ner keâesF& heâue hee
pees Iej peejs Deehevee, Ûeues nceejs meeLe~~ uesves keâer DeeMee ceW DeškeâueheÛÛet efmeæeble keâeÙece keâj uesvee Deewj Gmekesâ DeeOeej
efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ hej keâeÙe&›eâce yeveevee DeYeer<š efmeefæ ceW meye meceÙe meneÙekeâ veneR nesiee~ efJekeâeme
keâer veevee meerefÌ{ÙeeW hej KeÌ[er pevelee kesâ efueS veevee Øekeâej kesâ keâeÙe&›eâce DeeJeMÙekeâ
1. Jele&ceeve Ùegie ceW meble meeefnlÙe keâes DeefOekeâ GheÙeesieer keäÙeeW ceevee peelee nw?
(a) meebØeoeefÙekeâ YesoYeeJe kesâ keâejCe
neWies~ GodosMÙe keâer Skeâlee ner efJeefJeOe keâeÙe&›eâceeW ceW Skeâlee uee mekeâleer nw, hejbleg
(b) Øesce, YeeFÛeejs SJeb meodYeeJevee hej DelÙeefOekeâ yeue osves kesâ keâejCe Flevee efveefMÛele nw efkeâ peye lekeâ nceejs meeceves GodosMÙe mhe<š veneR nes peelee, leye
(c) keâyeerj kesâ efJeÛeejeW keâes cenòJehetCe& ve ceeveves kesâ keâejCe lekeâ keâesF& Yeer keâeÙe&, efkeâleveer ner JÙeehekeâ MegYesÛÚe kesâ meeLe keäÙeeW ve DeejcYe efkeâÙee
(d) ueeskeâ keâuÙeeCe keâes cenòJe ve osves kesâ keâejCe peeS, Jen heâueoeÙekeâ veneR nesiee~ yengle-mes ueesie eEnot-cegefmuece Skeâlee keâes Ùee
2. ieÅeebMe ceW keâyeerj kesâ efueS efkeâme Gheceeve keâe ØeÙeesie efkeâÙee ieÙee nw? eEnot-mebie"ve keâes ner ue#Ùe ceevekeâj GheeÙe meesÛeves ueieles nQ~ Jemlegle:
(a) ceneved veslee (b) Ùegie-õ<še eEnot-cegefmuece Skeâlee Yeer meeOeve nw, meeOÙe veneR~ meeOÙe nw ceveg<Ùe keâes heMeg meceeve
(c) meheâue meeOekeâ (d) Ùes meYeer mJeeLeea Oejeleue mes Thej G"ekeâj ‘ceveg<Ùelee’ kesâ Deemeve hej yew"evee~ eEnot Deewj
cegefmuece Ùeefo efceuekeâj mebmeej ceW uetš-Kemeesš ceÛeeves kesâ efueS meeceüepÙe mLeeefhele
3. keâyeerj ves Deheves efJeÛeejeW Deewj YeejleerÙe Oece&-efvejhes#elee kesâ DeeOeej keâes
keâjves efvekeâue heÌ[s lees Gme eEnot-cegefmuece efceueve mes ceveg<Ùelee keâeBhe G"sieer~ hejbleg
efkeâmekesâ ceeOÙece mes ÙegieeW-Ùegieeblej kesâ efueS Decejlee Øeoeve keâer?
(a) Oece& (b) peeefle
eEnot-cegefmuece efceueve keâe GodosMÙe nw ceveg<Ùe keâes oemelee, peefÌ[cee ceesn, kegâmebmkeâej
(c) %eeve (d) keâefJelee Deewj hejcegKeehesef#elee mes yeÛeevee, ceveg<Ùe keâes #egõ mJeeLe& Deewj Denefcekeâe keâer ogefveÙee
mes Thej G"ekeâj melÙe, vÙeeÙe Deewj DeewoeÙe& keâer ogefveÙee ceW ues peevee, ceveg<Ùe Éeje
4. keâyeerj ves DevegYeteflecetuekeâ %eeve keâe Øemeej efkeâmekesâ Éeje efkeâÙee Lee? ceveg<Ùe kesâ Mees<eCe keâes nšekeâj hejmhej menÙeesefielee kesâ heefJe$e yebOeve ceW yeeBOevee~
(a) F&MJej hej efJeMJeeme kesâ Éeje (b) Deefnbmee kesâ Éeje
(c) Oece& efvejhes#elee kesâ Éeje (d) Ùes meYeer
ceveg<Ùe keâe meecetefnkeâ keâuÙeeCe ner nceeje ue#Ùe nes mekeâlee nw~ Jener ceveg<Ùe keâe
meJeexòece ØeehÙe nw~ DeeÙe&, õefJeÌ[, Mekeâ, veeie, DeeYeerj Deeefo peeefleÙeeW kesâ mewkeâÌ[eW
5. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej keâyeerj ves Oece& keâes efkeâme ™he ceW osKee? Je<eeX kesâ mebIe<e& kesâ yeeo eEnot Âef<škeâesCe yevee nw~ veS efmejs mes YeejleerÙe Âef<škeâesCe
(a) ceeveJe Oece& (b) F&MJej Oece&
yeveeves kesâ efueS Fleves ner uebyes Dejmes keâer pe™jle veneR nw~ Deepe nce Fefleneme keâes
(c) meeceeefpekeâ Oece& (d) Ùes meYeer
DeefOekeâ ÙeLeeLe& {bie mes mecePe mekeâles nQ Deewj leodvegketâue Deheves efJekeâeme keâer Ùeespevee
6. keâyeerj Éeje keâer ieF& keâeJÙe jÛevee efkeâmemes Øesefjle Leer? yevee mekeâles nQ~ OewÙe& nceW keâYeer veneR ÚesÌ[vee ÛeeefnS~ Fefleneme efJeOeelee kesâ Fbeif ele keâes
(a) GÛÛe Jeie& (b) efvecve Jeie& mecePekeâj ner nce Deheveer Ùeespevee yeveeSB, lees meheâuelee keâer DeeMee keâj mekeâles nQ~
(c) ueeskeâ keâuÙeeCe keâer keâecevee (d) Oeee|cekeâ DebOeefJeMJeeme
7. meeceevÙe pevelee keâyeerj kesâ yeleeS ceeie& hej Ûeueves kesâ efueS JÙe«e keäÙeeW nes
ieF&? 1. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
(a) keâyeerj kesâ efJeÛeejeW mes ØeYeeefJele neskeâj (a) Fefleneme efJeOeelee keâer Fbefielee (b) Yeejle keâe veJe-efvecee&Ce
(b) meceepe ceW hewâues ngS {eWie kesâ keâejCe (c) eEnot-cegefmuece Skeâlee (d) ceeveJe efnle
(c) DevÙe DeeOeej ve efceueves kesâ keâejCe 2. YeefJe<Ùe ceW cenòJehetCe& heâue heeves keâer ÙeesiÙelee keâe heefjÛeÙe efkeâmeves efoÙee?
(d) peyejomleer Oece& heefjJele&ve kesâ keâejCe (a) Oece& ves (b) YeejleerÙe ceveer<ee ves
8. keâyeerj ves Deheveer JeeCeer kesâ ceeOÙece mes efkeâmekeâer DeeueesÛevee veneR keâer? (c) Fefleneme ves (d) meeefnlÙe ves
(a) efceLÙeeÛeej keâer (b) kegâeflmele YeeJevee keâer 3. DeškeâueheÛÛet efmeæeble kesâ DeeOeej hej keâeÙe&›eâce yeveeves mes keäÙee nesiee?
(c) {eWie Deewj heeKeb[ keâer (d) meJe&JÙeehle F&MJej keâer (a) Ùen DeYeer<š heâue keâer Øeeefhle ceW meowJe meneÙekeâ veneR nesiee
9. Deheves peerJeve kesâ Éeje keâyeerj ves efkeâve mecemÙeeDeeW keâe meceeOeeve Øemlegle (b) Fmemes meheâuelee DeJeMÙe efceuesieer
(c) Fmemes meheâuelee keâe keâesF& ceeie& veneR efceuesiee
efkeâÙee?
(a) Deee|Lekeâ (b) Oeee|cekeâ
(c) jepeveereflekeâ (d) Ùes meYeer
{hÝXr 45
4. MegYesÛÚe kesâ meeLe ØeejbYe efkeâÙee ieÙee keâeÙe& Yeer leye lekeâ DeYeer<š heâue veneR os ceeveJe ceW mejuelee mes osKeves keâes efceue peeleer nQ~ Fefleneme, meeefnlÙe,
mekeâlee, peye lekeâ efkeâ jepeveerefleMeem$e, meceepeMeem$e, oMe&veMeem$e FlÙeeefo heÌ{keâj efJeÅeeLeea efJeÉeved ner
(a) nce Gmes hetCe& ceveesÙeesie hetJe&keâ veneR keâjles nes veneR yevelee, Jejved GmeceW Skeâ efJeefMe<š peerJeve Âef<š, jÛeveelcekeâlee Deewj
(b) meeOeve nceejs meccegKe hetCe&le: mhe<š ve nes heefjhekeäJelee keâe me=peve Yeer neslee nw~ efMeef#ele meeceeefpekeâ heefjJesMe ceW JÙeefkeäle
(c) mecegefÛele meeOeveeW keâe ØeÙeesie ve efkeâÙee ieÙee nes
DeefMeef#ele meeceeefpekeâ heefjJesMe keâer leguevee ceW meowJe ner GÛÛe mlej hej
(d) efveefMÛele ue#Ùe nceejs meccegKe mhe<š ve nes
peerJeve-Ùeeheve keâjlee nw~
5. ‘eEnot-cegefmuece Skeâlee meeOeve nw meeOÙe veneR,’ Fmekesâ ceeOÙece mes uesKekeâ Deepe kesâ DeeOegefvekeâ Ùegie ceW efMe#ee keâe DeLe& yeoue jne nw~ efMe#ee Yeeweflekeâ Deekeâeb#ee
keäÙee keânvee Ûeenles nQ? keâer hetefle& keâe meeOeve yeveleer pee jner nw~ JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee kesâ DebOeevegkeâjCe mes
(a) ceeveJe keâes ceeveJe mes efJeÙegkeäle keâjvee
(b) mebmeej keâes Mees<eCe mes cegkeäle keâjvee
Úe$e mewæebeflekeâ efMe#ee mes otj nesles pee jns nQ, efpemekesâ keâejCe ™me keâer ›eâebefle,
(c) ceeveJelee keâer YeeJevee keâes yeÌ{evee øeâebme keâer ›eâebefle, Decesefjkeâer ›eâebefle, meceepeJeeo, hetBpeerJeeo, jepeveereflekeâ JÙeJemLee,
(d) ceeveJe ceW osJelJe keâer Øeefle<"e keâjvee meebmke=âeflekeâ cetuÙeeW Deeefo keâer meeceevÙe peevekeâejer Yeer JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee «enCe
keâjves Jeeues Úe$eeW keâes veneR nw~ Ùen efMe#ee keâe efJeMegæ jes]peieejesvcegKeer ™he nw~
6. eEnot-cegefmuece Skeâlee keâe keäÙee GodosMÙe nw?
(a) ceveg<Ùe keâes mJeeLe& mes Thej G"evee
efMe#ee kesâ Øeefle Fme Øekeâej keâe mebkegâefÛele Âef<škeâesCe Deheveekeâj efJeJeskeâMeerue
(b) ceveg<Ùe keâes hejmhej menYeeefielee kesâ yebOeve ceW yeeBOevee veeieefjkeâeW keâe efvecee&Ce veneR efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee~ Yeejle pewmes efJekeâemeMeerue osMe ceW
(c) ceveg<Ùe Éeje ceveg<Ùe keâe Mees<eCe meceehle keâjvee efMe#ee jes]peieej keâe meeOeve ve neskeâj meeOÙe nes ieF& nw~ Fme kegâØeJe=efòe hej DebkegâMe
(d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer ueieevee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ peneB ceeveefJekeâer kesâ Úe$eeW keâes he$ekeâeefjlee, meeefnlÙe-me=peve,
7. ieÅeebMe ceW ceveg<Ùe kesâ efueS meJeexòece ØeehÙe efkeâmes ceevee ieÙee nw? efJe%eeheve, pevemebheke&â FlÙeeefo keâesme& Yeer keâjeS peeves ÛeeefnS, leeefkeâ GvnW jes]peieej
(a) Denbkeâej mes Thej G"vee kesâ efueS Yeškeâvee ve heÌ[s, JeneR JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ keâesme& keâjves Jeeues Úe$eeW keâes
(b) ceveg<Ùe keâe meecetefnkeâ keâuÙeeCe keâjvee ceeveefJekeâer kesâ efJe<eÙe; pewmes—Fefleneme, meeefnlÙe, jepeveerefleMeem$e, oMe&ve Deeefo keâe
(c) meYeer OeceeX keâes meceeve mecePevee LeesÌ[e-yengle DeOÙeÙeve DeJeMÙe keâjvee ÛeeefnS, leeefkeâ meceepe keâes efJeJeskeâMeerue
(d) Deheves ue#Ùe keâer Øeeefhle keâjvee veeieefjkeâ Øeehle nesles jnW, leYeer meceepe ceW meblegueve yevee jn mekesâiee~
8. veJeerve YeejleerÙe Âef<škeâesCe efvee|cele keâjves ceW henues keâer Dehes#ee keâce meceÙe efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
efkeâme keâejCe ueiesiee? 1. ceveg<Ùe ceW mener Deewj ieuele keâe ÛeÙeve keâjves keâer #ecelee efkeâmemes Glhevve nesleer
(a) Fefleneme keâes mecePeves keâer Âef<š efJekeâefmele nesves mes
nw?
(b) YeejleerÙe Âef<škeâesCe heefjJele&ve keâes mJeerkeâejves mes
(a) efMe#ee mes (b) efMe<šeÛeej mes
(c) ÙeespeveeSB yeveeves kesâ efueS hegjeleve Âef<škeâesCe nesves mes
(c) efJeJeskeâ mes (d) meleke&âlee mes
2 ‘mJe’ mes ‘hej’ keâer Deesj De«emej nesves mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw?
9. efkeâme Øekeâej kesâ eEnot-cegefmuece efceueve mes ceeveJelee keâeBhe G"sieer? (a) mJeÙeb keâes Yetue peevee (b) mJeÙeb mes hejeÙee nes peevee
(a) oesveeW efceuekeâj uetš-Kemeesš ceÛeeves kesâ efueS veÙee jepÙe mLeeefhele keâjW (c) hejeshekeâej keâjvee (d) mJeeLeea nes peevee
(b) Yeü<šeÛeej ceW efuehle nes peeS
(c) eEnot-cegefmuece SskeäÙe keâes Ûejce ue#Ùe ceeveW 3. Skeâ efMeef#ele JÙeefkeäle ceW meceepe keâuÙeeCe nsleg efkeâve yeeleeW keâe nesvee
(d) efJeMJe yebOeglJe keâer YeeJevee keâe efJekeâeme keâjW DeeJeMÙekeâ nw?
(a) efveye&ue keâer meneÙelee keâjvee
10. Fefleneme efJeOeelee kesâ FMeejs keâes mecePekeâj ner Ùeespevee yeveeves hej nce keäÙee
(b) otmejeW kesâ og:Ke mes og:Keer nes peevee
keâj mekeâles nQ? (c) og:efKeÙeeW kesâ og:Ke otj keâjves keâe ØeÙeeme keâjvee
(a) efvejeMee keâe DebOekeâej (b) meheâuelee keâer DeeMee (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
(c) ceeveJelee keâe efJekeâeme (d) meceevelee keâe DeefOekeâej
4. efMe#ee kesâ Éeje ceveg<Ùe ceW kewâmeer YeeJevee Glhevve nesleer nw?
(a) Yeeweflekeâ Gvveefle keâer
~moY 47 (b) JemegOewJe kegâšgbyekeâce keâer
efMe#ee peerJeve kesâ meJeeËieerCe efJekeâeme nsleg DeefveJeeÙe& nw~ efMe#ee kesâ efyevee ceveg<Ùe (c) mJeeLe& hete|le keâer
efJeJeskeâMeerue Deewj efMe<š veneR yeve mekeâlee~ efJeJeskeâ mes ceveg<Ùe ceW mener Deewj ieuele (d) DevegMeemevenervelee keâer
keâe ÛeÙeve keâjves keâer #ecelee Glhevve nesleer nw~ efJeJeskeâ mes ner ceveg<Ùe kesâ Yeerlej 5. ‘efMe#ee Yeeweflekeâ Deekeâeb#ee keâer hete|le keâe meeOeve yeveleer pee jner nw’, hebefkeäle keâe
Gmekesâ ÛeejeW Deesj Iešles Iešvee›eâceeW kesâ Øeefle Skeâ GefÛele Âef<škeâesCe Glhevve neslee keäÙee DeeMeÙe nw?
nw~ efMe#ee ner ceeveJe-keâes-ceeveJe kesâ Øeefle ceeveJeerÙe YeeJeveeDeeW mes heesef<ele keâjleer nw~ (a) JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee ceveg<Ùe keâes meYeer megefJeOeeSB GheueyOe keâjeleer nw
efMe#ee mes ceveg<Ùe Deheves heefjJesMe kesâ Øeefle pee«ele neskeâj keâòe&JÙeeefYecegKe nes peelee nw~ (b) JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee Jele&ceeve ceW cee$e Oeve keâceeves keâe meeOeve yeveleer pee
jner nw
‘mJe’ mes ‘hej’ keâer Deesj De«emej nesves ueielee nw~ efveye&ue keâer meneÙelee keâjvee,
(c) JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee ceveg<Ùe kesâ ue#Ùe Øeeefhle keâe meeOeve yeve jner nw
ogefKeÙeeW kesâ og:Ke otj keâjves keâe ØeÙeeme keâjvee, otmejeW kesâ og:Ke mes og:Keer nes peevee (d) JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee ceeveJeerÙe cetuÙeeW keâe efJemleej keâjves keâe meeOeve nw
Deewj otmejeW kesâ megKe mes mJeÙeb megKe keâe DevegYeJe keâjvee pewmeer yeeleW Skeâ efMeef#ele
6. JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee kesâ DebOeevegkeâjCe keâe keäÙee heefjCeece meeceves DeeÙee nw? nesleer nw, Jen Ùen efkeâ heg®<eeLe&nerve Deewj efvejern heg®<e kesâ efJeÛeej DeheefJe$e Deewj
(a) Úe$e mewæebeflekeâ efMe#ee mes otj nesles pee jns nQ otef<ele nes peeles nQ~ JeemleJe ceW, yeele lees Ùen nw efkeâ ceveg<Ùe kegâÚ-ve-kegâÚ keâjves kesâ
(b) Úe$e keâe meJeeËieerCe efJekeâeme leer›e ieefle mes nes jne nw efueS ner yeveeÙee ieÙee nw~ peye efÛeòe Deewj ceve ueeYeoeÙekeâ keâce& ceW veneR ueieles, leye
(c) Úe$e meeceeefpekeâ nesles pee jns n Gvekeâe PegkeâeJe yegjeF& Deewj heehe keâer Deesj DeJeMÙe nes peelee nw~ Fme nsleg Ùeefo
(d) Úe$e Dehevee GòejoeefÙelJe mJeÙeb G"e jns nQ
ceveg<Ùe meÛecegÛe ner ceveg<Ùe yevevee Ûeenlee nw, lees meye keâceeX mes yeÌ{keâj ßes<" keâeÙe&
7. JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ efMe#ee «enCe keâjves Jeeues Úe$eeW keâes efkeâmekeâer peevekeâejer veneR Gmekesâ efueS Ùen nw efkeâ Jen Skeâ heue Yeer JÙeLe& ve ieBJeeS~ ØelÙeskeâ keâeÙe& kesâ efueS
nw? he=Lekedâ meceÙe Deewj ØelÙeskeâ meceÙe kesâ efueS he=Lekedâ keâeÙe& efveefMÛele keâjW~
(a) jepeveereflekeâ JÙeJemLee keâer (b) meebmke=âeflekeâ cetuÙeeW keâer
(c) meeceevÙe Fefleneme keâer (d) Ùes meYeer
8. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej, efJeJeskeâMeerue veeieefjkeâeW keâe efvecee&Ce keâjves ceW efkeâmes 1. ceveg<Ùe keâes JeemleefJekeâ DeLe& ceW ceveg<Ùe yeveves kesâ efueS keäÙee keâjvee ÛeeefnS?
(a) ßes<" keâce& ve keâjvee
yeeOekeâ ceevee ieÙee nw? (b) F&MJej Yeefkeäle ve keâjvee
(a) DeeOegefvekeâ efMe#ee keâe
(c) Skeâ #eCe Yeer JÙeLe& ve ieBJeevee
(b) efMe#ee kesâ Øeefle mebkegâefÛele Âef<škeâesCe keâes
(d) ceve keâes ueeYeoeÙekeâ keâce& ceW ve ueieevee
(c) meceleecetuekeâ meceepe keâes
(d) efMe#ee kesâ Øeefle JÙeehekeâ Âef<škeâesCe keâes 2. meceÙe kesâ meogheÙeesie mes keäÙee ueeYe neslee nw?
(a) pebieueer ceveg<Ùe meYÙe Deewj osJelee mJe™he yeve peelee nw
9. JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ keâesme& keâjves Jeeues Úe$eeW keâes efkeâmekeâe DeOÙeÙeve DeJeMÙe keâjvee (b) ceveg<Ùe peerJeve ceW efkeâmeer Øekeâej keâer Gvveefle veneR keâj heelee
ÛeeefnS? (c) ceveg<Ùe efveye&ue Deewj Dekeâce&CÙe yeve peelee nw
(a) hetBpeerJeeo keâe (b) meceepe JÙeJemLee keâe (d) ceveg<Ùe DeceeveJeerÙe keâeÙe& keâjves ueielee nw
(c) ceeveefJekeâer efJe<eÙe keâe (d) ceeveJe cetuÙe keâe
3. meblees<e, n<e& Deewj megKe ceveg<Ùe keâes kewâmes Øeehle nesles nQ?
10. ieÅeebMe ceW efkeâme kegâØeJe=efòe hej DebkegâMe ueieeves keâer yeele keâer ieF& nw? (a) meceÙe keâe meogheÙeesie ve keâjves mes
(a) efMe#ee jespeieej Øeeefhle keâe meeOeve ve neskeâj meeOÙe yeveves keâer (b) meceÙe keâe meogheÙeesie keâjves mes
(b) efMe#ee kesâ meJeeËieerCe efJekeâeme keâer
(c) F&MJej keâe OÙeeve Deewj mcejCe keâjves mes
(c) efMe#ee kesâ jespeieejesvcegKeer ve nesves keâer
(d) mJeÙeb keâes JÙemle jKeves mes
(d) efMe#ee kesâ yeÌ{les cetuÙe keâes keâce keâjves keâer
4. ceveg<Ùe efvee|o<š keâeue lekeâ peerJeve-ce=lÙeg keâer oMee ceW keâye yevee jnlee nw?
(a) meceÙe kesâ og®heÙeesie mes
~moY 48 (b) DeelceIeele keâjves mes
meceÙe Jen mebheefle nw, pees ØelÙeskeâ ceveg<Ùe keâes F&MJej keâer Deesj mes efceuee nw~ pees ueesie (c) meceÙe keâes DecetuÙe Oeve ceeveves mes
Fme Oeve keâes mebefÛele jerefle mes yejleles nQ, Jes Meejerefjkeâ megKe leLee Deeeflcekeâ Deevebo (d) ùoÙe hej Yeejer DeeIeele mes
Øeehle keâjles nQ~ Fmeer meceÙe-mebheefle kesâ meogheÙeesie mes Skeâ pebieueer ceveg<Ùe meYÙe 5. ‘‘Ùeefo ceveg<Ùe efJeÛeej keâjs, ieCevee keâjs, lees Gmekeâer mebKÙee cenerveeW leLee Je<eeX
Deewj osJelee mJe™he yeve peelee nw~ Fmeer kesâ Éeje ‘cetKe&’ efJeÉeved, ‘efveOe&ve’ OeveJeeve lekeâ hengBÛeleer nw’’, JeekeäÙe ceW ‘Gmekeâer’ Meyo efkeâmekesâ efueS ØeÙegkeäle ngDee nw?
Deewj ‘De%e’ DevegYeJeer yeve mekeâlee nw~ meblees<e, n<e& leLee megKe ceveg<Ùe keâes leye lekeâ (a) peerJeve (b) meceÙe
(c) ce=lÙeg (d) Dekeâce&CÙelee
Øeehle veneR neslee, peye lekeâ Jen GefÛele jerefle mes meceÙe keâe meogheÙeesie veneR keâjlee
nw~ meceÙe efve:mebosn Skeâ jlve-jeefMe nw~ pees keâesF& Gmes Deheefjefcele Deewj DeieefCele 6. Meejerefjkeâ megKe leLee Deeeflcekeâ Deevebo keâer Øeeefhle efkeâme Øekeâej mebYeJe nw?
™he mes DebOeeOegbOe JÙeÙe keâjlee nw, Jen efove-Øeefleefove DeefkebâÛeve, efjkeäle-nmle Deewj (a) Oeve mecheefòe Éeje (b) meceÙe kesâ GefÛele ØeÙeesie Éeje
(c) F&MJej Éeje (d) Ùes meYeer
oefjõ neslee nw~ Jen DeepeerJeve efKevve jnlee nw Deewj Deheves YeeiÙe keâes keâesmelee jnlee
nw, ce=lÙeg Yeer Gmes Fme pebpeeue Deewj og:Ke mes ÚgÌ[e veneR mekeâleer nw~ 7. Dekeâce&CÙelee kesâ keâejCe ceveg<Ùe kesâ peerJeve hej keäÙee ØeYeeJe heÌ[lee nw?
(a) DecetuÙe meceÙe ve<š neslee nw
ØelÙegle, Gmekesâ efueS ce=lÙeg keâe Deeieceve ceevees DehejeOeer kesâ efueS efiej]heäleejer keâe (b) oerIee&Ùeg keâer Øeeefhle nesleer nw
Jeejbš nw~ meÛe lees Ùen nw efkeâ meceÙe ve<š keâjvee Skeâ Øekeâej keâer DeelcenlÙee nw~ (c) otef<ele efJeÛeejeW keâer Glheefòe nesleer nw
Deblej kesâJeue Flevee ner nw efkeâ DeelceIeele meJe&oe kesâ efueS peerJeve-pebpeeue mes ÚgÌ[e (d) DecejlJe keâer Øeeefhle nesleer nw
oslee nw Deewj meceÙe kesâ og®heÙeesie mes Skeâ efveefo&<š keâeue lekeâ peerJeve-ce=lÙeg keâer
8. ceveg<Ùe keâe PegkeâeJe yegjeF& Deewj heehe keâer Deesj nesves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw?
oMee ceW yevee jnlee nw~ Ssmes ner efceveš, Iebšs Deewj efove Øeceeo Deewj Dekeâce&CÙelee mes (a) efÛeòe Deewj ceve ueeYeoeÙekeâ keâce& ceW ve ueieves kesâ keâejCe
yeerleles peeles nQ~ Ùeefo ceveg<Ùe efJeÛeej keâjs, ieCevee keâjs, lees Gmekeâer mebKÙee cenerveeW (b) ce=lÙeg kesâ YeÙe mes YeÙeYeerle jnves kesâ keâejCe
leLee Je<eeX lekeâ hengBÛeleer nw~ Ùeefo Gmemes keâne peelee nw efkeâ lesjer DeeÙeg kesâ ome-heeBÛe (c) meowJe Deheves YeeiÙe keâes keâesmeves kesâ keâejCe
Je<e& Ieše efoS ieS, lees efve:mebosn Gmekesâ ùoÙe hej Yeejer DeeIeele hengBÛelee nw, hejbleg (d) otmejs ceveg<ÙeeW mes F&<Ùee& keâjves kesâ keâejCe
Jen mJeÙeb efveMÛes<" yew"s Deheves cetuÙe peerJeve keâes ve<š keâj jne nw Deewj #eÙe SJeb 9. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej meJe&oe kesâ efueS peerJeve-pebpeeue mes keâewve ÚgÌ[e oslee nw?
efJeveeMe hej kegâÚ Yeer Mekeâ veneR keâjlee nw~ mebmeej ceW meyekeâes oerIee&Ùeg Øeehle veneR (a) DevegefÛele keâce& (b) ce=lÙeg keâe Deeieceve
nesleer nw, hejbleg meyemes yeÌ[er neefve pees meceÙe keâer og®heÙeesefielee SJeb Dekeâce&CÙelee mes (c) meceÙe keâe og®heÙeesie (d) DeelceIeele
{hÝXr 47
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? 2. ceeveJe nleeMe, efvejeMe Deewj og:Keer keäÙeeW jnlee nw?
(a) meceÙe keâer Meefkeäle hej (a) mJeÙeb kesâ keâceeX kesâ keâejCe (b) F&MJej keâe %eeve ve nesves kesâ keâejCe
(b) meceÙe kesâ meogheÙeesie mes ueeYe Deewj neefve hej (c) yegefæ kesâ DeYeeJe kesâ keâejCe (d) otmejeW kesâ megKe kesâ keâejCe
(c) efvejeMe ceveg<Ùe keâer DeelcekeâLee hej
3. efkeâmekesâ ceeOÙece mes ceve keâes Skeâe«e keâj ØeeCe Je Deelcee ceW efmLej efkeâÙee
(d) ce=lÙeg kesâ YeÙe hej
peelee nw?
(a) F&MJej kesâ (b) ieg® kesâ
~moY 49 (c) Meefkeäle kesâ (d) OÙeeve kesâ
F&MJej meefÛÛeoevebo mJe¤he nw leLee Gmekeâer meJeexlke=â<š jÛevee nw—ceeveJe~ 4. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej Deelce mee#eelkeâej mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw?
keâCe-keâCe ceW JÙeehle nesves kesâ meeLe ner Jen meJee&efOekeâ efvekeâš nceejs Deboj efmLele (a) mJeÙeb mes heefjefÛele nesvee
nw, efheâj Yeer ceeveJe nleeMe, efvejeMe, og:Keer leLee DeMeeble nw~ Fmekeâe keâejCe nw (b) mJeÙeb keâes leveeJecegkeäle jKevee
(c) ùoÙe ceW DebleÉËÉ Ûeuevee
F&MJejerÙe %eeve keâe DeYeeJe~ ØeMve nw Gmes kewâmes peevee peeS? F&MJej mes efceueve keâe
(d) F&MJej Øeeefhle kesâ efueS Øesefjle nesvee
meerOee-mejue lejerkeâe nw—OÙeeve~ OÙeeve nw osKevee, hej Fve yeenjer DeeBKeeW mes veneR,
DebleÂ&ef<š mes osKevee~ OÙeeve kesâ Éeje ceve keâes Skeâe«e keâj ØeeCe ceW, Deelcee ceW efmLej 5. OÙeeve keâjves mes ceveg<Ùe keâes keäÙee ueeYe neslee nw?
efkeâÙee peelee nw~ pewmes metÙe& keâer efyeKejer efkeâjCeeW keâes met#ceoMeea Ùeb$e Éeje Skeâ eEyeog (a) yegefæ kegâMee«e nesleer nw
(b) ceefmle<keâ keâer ef›eâÙeeMeeruelee yeÌ{leer nw
hej keWâefõle keâjves mes Deefive Glhevve nesleer nw, Jewmes ner OÙeeve Éeje efÛeòe keâer Je=efòeÙeeW
(c) mecemÙeeDeeW keâe meceeOeeve keâjves keâer Deebleefjkeâ Meefkeäle yeÌ{leer nw
kesâ IeveerYetle nesves hej ÛewlevÙe Meefkeäle keâe efoJÙe ØekeâeMe, Dece=lejme leLee Deveno (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
mebieerle kesâ ¤he ceW ØekeâšerkeâjCe neslee nw, efpemes Deelce-mee#eelkeâej keânles nQ~ OÙeeve
Deelcee keâe Yeespeve leLee cegefkeäle keâe ceeie& nw, efpememes hejce leòJe hejceelcee kesâ 6. Øemevvelee keâer Øeeefhle kesâ efueS efkeâme hej OÙeeve ueieeÙee peelee nw?
(a) ceefmle<keâ (b) Deevebo keWâõ
jnmÙeeW keâe GodIeešve Deblejelcee ceW neslee nw~
(c) ùoÙe (d) keâeÙe&kegâMeuelee
OÙeeve meYeer OeceeX keâe meej leLee meYeer mebleeW SJeb ceneheg®<eeW Éeje DeheveeÙee ieÙee
ceeie& nw~ OÙeeve kesâ cenòJe keâes mecePes leLee efkeâS efyevee keâesF& Yeer JÙeefkeäle Oeee|cekeâ 7. ieÅeebMe kesâ DeeOeej hej yeleeFS efkeâ OÙeeve keâer Øeef›eâÙee kewâmeer nesleer nw?
(a) mejue (b) iebYeerj
leLee DeOÙeelceJeeoer veneR nes mekeâlee, keäÙeeWefkeâ OÙeeve mes efÛeòe keâe ¤heeblejCe neslee
(c) yeesOeiecÙe (d) efkeäue<š
nw~ heejueewefkeâkeâ kesâ meeLe-meeLe ueewefkeâkeâ ¤he mes Yeer OÙeeve ceeveJeesheÙeesieer nw~ ceve
kesâ efJekeâej Meejerefjkeâ JÙeeefOeÙeeW kesâ cetue nQ~ Fme meeOevee mes MJeemeeW keâer ieefle 8. OÙeeve kesâ Éeje ceveg<Ùe keâes efkeâme Øekeâej kesâ megKe keâer Øeeefhle nesleer nw?
efveÙeefcele nesleer nw, efpememes JÙeeefOekeâejkeâ ÛebÛeue ceve Meeble neslee nw Deewj Deveskeâ (a) yeewefækeâ (b) meeeflJekeâ
(c) hejceevebo (d) Meejerefjkeâ
Øekeâej keâer JÙeeefOeÙeeW keâe Meceve neslee nw~
OÙeeve mes ceefmle<keâ keâer ef›eâÙeeMeeruelee yeÌ{leer nw, yegefæ kegâMee«e nesleer nw leLee 9. OÙeeve kesâ cenòJe keâes mecePes efyevee Ùee efkeâS efyevee keâesF& Yeer JÙeefkeäle Oeee|cekeâ
meceÙe-meceÙe hej Deeves Jeeues ØeMveeW keâer mecemÙeeDeeW keâe meceeOeeve Deebleefjkeâ Meefkeäle leLee DeOÙeelceJeeoer keäÙeeW veneR nes mekeâlee?
(a) keäÙeeWefkeâ mebleeW Éeje Fmes DeheveeÙee ieÙee nw
mes neslee nw~ meeOevee mes efveef<›eâÙe oeÙeeB ceefmle<keâ meef›eâÙe nes peelee nw leLee ceefmle<keâ (b) keäÙeeWefkeâ OÙeeve mes efÛeòe keâe ™heeblejCe neslee nw
keâer keâeÙe&kegâMeuelee Deewj Meefkeäle ome iegvee yeÌ{ peeleer nw~ OÙeeve hejceevebo keâe Pejvee (c) keäÙeeWefkeâ OÙeeve mes JÙeefkeäle mJeeLeea neslee nw
nw~ Fme Øeef›eâÙee ceW Deevebo keâer efjceefPece Je<ee& nesleer nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ meeOekeâ kesâ OÙeevemLe (d) keäÙeeWefkeâ OÙeeve meYeer keâ<šeW keâe efveJeejCe nw
nesves hej ceefmle<keâ ceW lejbieW Glhevve nesleer nQ, pees Meebefle leLee Deevebo keâe keâejCe
nesleer nQ, eEkeâleg Fme nsleg ceve keâe Meeble nesvee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ Øemevvelee keâer Øeeefhle nsleg (a) ceve keâer Meebefle hej (b) OÙeeve kesâ cenòJe hej
Deevebo keWâõ hej OÙeeve keâj Gmes pee«ele efkeâÙee peelee nw, efpememes JÙeefkeäle (c) Deevebo Øeeefhle kesâ meeOeve hej (d) ceefmle<keâ kesâ efJekeâeme hej
keâef"ve-mes-keâef"ve heefjefmLeefle ceW Yeer efKevve Je efJeÛeefuele veneR neslee leLee meowJe
Øemevve Je leveeJecegkeäle peerJeve JÙeleerle keâjlee nw~ OÙeeve keâer Øeef›eâÙee mejue nw, efkebâleg
DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw Fmes peeveves keâer~ leòJeÂ<še meodieg® mes Fmekeâes peevekeâj Fmekeâe ~moY 50
efvelÙe Øeefle DeYÙeeme keâjvee ÛeeefnS~ Ùen meeOevee Meejerefjkeâ, ceeveefmekeâ SJeb yeewefækeâ nj meceepe keâer Skeâ ceele=Yee<ee nesleer nw~ Gmekeâe Dehevee efJeefMe<š meeefnlÙe neslee nw~
efJekeâejeW keâes otj keâj megKe, mece=efæ, oerIee&Ùeg leLee Deevebo ØeoeÙekeâ nw~ mJeÙeb kesâ Gme Yee<ee kesâ meeefnlÙe keâe DeOÙeÙeve keâjkesâ nce Gme Yee<ee-Yee<eer meceepe kesâ yeejs
Deefleefjkeäle heefjJeej SJeb efJeMJe ceW Meebefle Je cebieue-YeeJevee nsleg Yeer meeOevee ceW, Gmekeâer meYÙelee Deewj mebmke=âefle kesâ yeejs ceW %eeve Øeehle keâj mekeâles nQ~ efJeosMeer
DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ Yee<ee keâe DeOÙeÙeve keâjvee yegjer yeele veneR nw~ Fmemes nceejer mebJesovee JÙeehekeâ nesleer
efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ nw, nceejs %eeve keâe efJemleej neslee nw, nceejs ceeveJeerÙe Âef<škeâesCe ceW JÙeehekeâlee
Deeleer nw Deewj efJeÛeejeW ceW Goejlee keâe meceeJesMe neslee nw~ Fme Âef<škeâesCe mes Ùeefo
1. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej Meejerefjkeâ JÙeeefOeÙeeW keâe cetue efkeâmes keâne ieÙee nw? nce meesÛeW lees keâF& ceeÙeveeW ceW efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâe %eeve Øeehle keâjvee kesâJeue DeÛÚe ner
(a) OÙeeve keâes
(b) ceve keâer Meebefle keâes
veneR Jejved Deepe keâer heefjefmLeefleÙeeW ceW DeefveJeeÙe& Yeer nw~ Debleje&<šêrÙe mebyebOeeW keâer
(c) ceve kesâ efJekeâej keâes mLeehevee ceW efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâe %eeve yengle JÙeehekeâ efmeæ neslee nw~ nce efpemes Dehevee
(d) ÛebÛeue ceve keâes yeveevee Ûeenles nQ, Gmekeâer Yee<ee keâe %eeve nceejs heeme nw, lees nce Gmemes megiecelee mes
mebyebOe mLeeefhele keâj mekeâles nQ~ efkebâleg Fmekeâe DeLe& Ùen veneR nw efkeâ efJeosMeer Yee<ee 7. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej keâesF& Yeer je<š^ keâye lekeâ efJekeâefmele veneR nes mekeâlee?
keâe %eeve Øeehle keâjves kesâ ceesn ceW nce Deheveer ner Yee<ee keâer Ghes#ee keâj oW~ Yee<ee (a) peye lekeâ Deheveer ceele=Yee<ee keâes veneR Deheveelee
efkeâmeer peeefle keâer meYÙelee Deewj mebmke=âefle keâer Jeenkeâ nesleer nw~ (b) peye lekeâ efJeosMeer Yee<ee kesâ cenòJe keâes veneR henÛeevelee
(c) peye lekeâ efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâes efMe#ee keâer Yee<ee kesâ ™he ceW mJeerkeâej veneR
Ùeefo nceejs heeme Deheveer Yee<ee keâe %eeve veneR nesiee lees nce Deheveer henÛeeve Kees oWies~ keâjlee
Deheveer Yee<ee Ùee ceele=Yee<ee ceW nceeje ùoÙe yeesuelee nw~ nceeje je<š^-ùoÙe GmeceW (d) peye lekeâ ceele=Yee<ee keâes efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâer Dehes#ee DeefOekeâ cenòJe veneR
OeÌ[keâlee nw, FmeefueS efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâer Dehes#ee ceele=Yee<ee keâe cenòJe DeefOekeâ oslee
neslee nw~ Skeâ mJeeefYeceeveer mJeleb$e je<š^ Deheveer Yee<ee kesâ mLeeve hej efkeâmeer efJeosMeer 8. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej, efvecve ceW mes efkeâme efmLeefle ceW ØeMeemekeâ Deewj pevelee kesâ
Yee<ee keâes efMe#ee Ùee jepe-keâepe keâer Yee<ee kesâ ™he ceW «enCe keâjvee efkeâmeer yeerÛe ienjer KeeF& yeve peeleer nw?
Âef<škeâesCe mes GefÛele veneR keâne pee mekeâlee~ peye lekeâ keâesF& je<š^ Deheveer Yee<ee keâes (a) efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâes ØeMeemekeâerÙe Yee<ee kesâ ™he ceW Deheveeves mes
veneR Deheveelee leye lekeâ Jen mJeeJeuebyeer veneR yeve mekeâlee, efJekeâeme veneR keâj (b) ceele=Yee<ee keâes efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâer Dehes#ee DeefOekeâ cenòJe osves mes
mekeâlee~ Gmekeâer meejer Meefkeäle DevegJeeo Deewj DevegkeâjCe ceW ner meceehle nes peeleer nw~ (c) efJeosMeer Yee<ee kesâ cetuÙe keâes keâce DeeBkeâves mes
Gmekeâer ceewefuekeâ ØeefleYee kegâefC"le nes peeleer nw~ ØeMeemekeâ Deewj pevelee kesâ yeerÛe Skeâ (d) kegâMeue SJeb o#e oueeue keâe DeYeeJe nesves mes
ienjer KeeF& yeve peeleer nw, efpemes heešves kesâ efueS oueeue yeerÛe ceW Deekeâj Dehevee 9. ceele=Yee<ee kesâ meccegKe efkeâmekeâe keâesF& cenòJe veneR nes mekeâlee nw?
mJeeLe& efmeæ keâjves ceW ueie peeles nQ~ FmeefueS keâesF& efJeosMeer Yee<ee Ûeens efkeâleveer ner (a) ceveg<Ùe keâe (b) meeefnlÙe keâe
mece=æ keäÙeeW ve nes, Gmekeâe Ûeens efkeâlevee ner JÙeehekeâ #es$e keäÙeeW ve nes, hej Deheveer (c) meceepe keâe (d) efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâe
ceele=Yee<ee kesâ meeceves Gmekeâe keâesF& meeLe&keâ cenòJe veneR nes mekeâlee~ ceele=Yee<ee 10. mebhetCe& meceepe keâer DeefYeJÙeefkeäle keâe ceeOÙece efkeâmes ceevee ieÙee nw?
eEÛeleve Deewj ceveve keâer Yee<ee nesleer nw, hejbheje keâe Jen peerJeble ØeefleeEyeye nw~ mebhetCe& (a) peeefle JÙeJemLee keâes (b) efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâes
meceepe Gmeer kesâ ceeOÙece mes mJeÙeb keâes JÙekeäle keâjlee nw~ (c) ceele=Yee<ee keâes (d) mebmke=âefle keâes

1. efkeâmeer efJeMes<e Yee<ee-Yee<eer meceepe, Gmekeâer meYÙelee Deewj mebmke=âefle kesâ efJe<eÙe
~moY 51
ceW peevekeâejer kewâmes Øeehle keâer pee mekeâleer nw? Yeejle Skeâ efJeMeeue osMe nw, efpemeceW efYevve-efYevve Øekeâej keâer mecemÙeeSB JÙeehle nQ,
(a) Gme meceepe ceW ØeÛeefuele Yee<ee keâes Deheveekeâj efpeveceW mes Skeâ nw–pevemebKÙee Je=efæ~ pevemebKÙee Je=efæ osMe kesâ efJekeâeme ceW yeeOee
(b) Gme Yee<ee-Yee<eer meceepe kesâ meeLe efJeMes<e mebheke&â mLeeefhele keâj keâe keâeÙe& keâjleer nw, FmeefueS nceejer meJeexÛÛe ØeeLeefcekeâlee pevemebKÙee Je=efæ keâes
(c) Gme Yee<ee-Yee<eer meceepe kesâ meeefnlÙe keâe DeOÙeÙeve keâj jeskeâvee nw~ Fme #es$e ceW nceejs meYeer ØeÙelve efve<heâue jns nQ~ Ssmee keäÙeeW nw? Ùen
(d) ceeveJeerÙe Âef<škeâesCe ceW JÙeehekeâlee ueekeâj FmeefueS Yeer nes mekeâlee nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ mecemÙee keâes osKeves keâe nj Skeâ keâe Deueie
2. efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâe %eeve keäÙeeW DeeJeMÙekeâ ceevee ieÙee nw? Âef<škeâesCe nw~ pevemebKÙeeMeeefm$eÙeeW kesâ efueS Ùen DeeBkeâÌ[eW keâe Debyeej nw~
(a) Debleje&<šêrÙe mebyebOeeW keâer mLeehevee nsleg DeheâmejMeener kesâ efueS Ùen šejiesš leÙe keâjves keâer keâeÙe&efJeefOe nw~ jepeveerefle%e Fmes
(b) %eeve keâe efJemleej keâjves nsleg Jeesš yeQkeâ keâer Âef<š mes osKelee nw~ Ùes meye Deheves-Deheves {bie mes mecemÙee keâes
(c) Deheveer mebJesoveeDeeW keâes JÙeehekeâ yeveeves nsleg meguePeeves ceW ueies nQ~ Dele: he=Lekedâ-he=Lekedâ efkeâmeer kesâ neLe meheâuelee veneR ueieer~
hejbleg Ùen mhe<š nw efkeâ heefjJeej kesâ Deekeâej hej DeeefLe&keâ efJekeâeme Deewj efMe#ee keâe
3. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej, Jele&ceeve heefjefmLeefleÙeeW ceW efkeâmes DeefveJeeÙe& ceevee ieÙee nw?
(a) efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâe %eeve Øeehle keâjvee
yengle ØeYeeJe heÌ[lee nw~ ÙeneB DeeefLe&keâ efJekeâeme keâe leelheÙe& heeMÛeelÙe celeevegmeej
(b) efJeosMeer mebmke=âefle keâes mecePevee YeeweflekeâJeeo veneR peneB yeÛÛeeW keâes yeesPe ceevee peelee nw~ nceejs efueS lees Ùen
(c) ceele=Yee<ee kesâ cenòJe keâes keâce DeeBkeâvee mecceevehetJe&keâ peerves kesâ mlej mes mebyebefOele nw~ Ùen ceewpetoe mebheefòe kesâ meceleecetuekeâ
(d) mJeosMeer JemlegDeeW keâes cenòJe osvee efJeJejCe hej ner efveYe&j veneR nw Jejved Ssmeer Mewueer Deheveeves mes mebyebefOele nw, efpemeceW
4. nce efpemes Dehevee yeveevee Ûeenles nQ, Gmemes megiecelee mes mebyebOe efkeâmekesâ Demmeer keâjesÌ[ ueesieeW keâer Tpee& keâe yesnlej GheÙeesie nes mekesâ~ Fmeer Øekeâej
ceeOÙece mes mLeeefhele keâj mekeâles nQ? m$eer-efMe#ee Yeer nw~ Ùen meceepe ceW Skeâ veS Øekeâej keâe efÛebleve hewoe keâjsieer, efpememes
(a) Gmekeâer mejenvee keâjkesâ meeceeefpekeâ Deewj DeeefLe&keâ efJekeâeme kesâ veS DeeÙeece KegueWies Deewj meeLe ner yeÛÛeeW kesâ
(b) Gmekeâer Yee<ee keâe %eeve Øeehle keâjkesâ efJekeâeme keâe veÙee jemlee Yeer Keguesiee~ Dele: pevemebKÙee keâer mecemÙee meeceeefpekeâ nw~
(c) Gmes Deveskeâ Øekeâej kesâ Ghenej oskeâj Fmes mejkeâej Dekesâues veneR meguePee mekeâleer~ keWâõerkeâjCe mes nškeâj Fmes «eece-«eece,
(d) Gmekeâer vekeâue keâjkesâ JÙeefkeäle-JÙeefkeäle lekeâ hengBÛeevee nesiee~ peye lekeâ Ùen peve-Deeboesueve veneR yeve
5. efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâe %eeve Øeehle keâjves kesâ efueS nceW efkeâmekeâer Ghes#ee veneR keâjveer peelee, leye lekeâ meheâuelee efceuevee mebefoiOe nw~
ÛeeefnS? efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(a) ØeeÛeerve meYÙelee keâer (b) DevÙe Yee<eeDeeW keâer
(c) Deheveer Yee<ee keâer (d) Deheves meceepe keâer 1. nceejer meJeexÛÛe ØeeLeefcekeâlee pevemebKÙee Je=efæ keâes jeskeâvee keäÙeeW nw?
(a) Ùen osMe kesâ efJekeâeme ceW yeeOee keâe keâeÙe& keâjleer nw
6. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâme Yee<ee keâe meJee&efOekeâ cenòJe neslee nw? (b) Ùen osMe keâer Gvveefle ceW meneÙekeâ nw
(a) efJeosMeer Yee<ee keâe (b) «eeceerCe Yee<ee keâe (c) Ùen osMe keâes DevÙe osMeeW mes Deeies ues peeleer nw
(c) ceele=Yee<ee keâe (d) jepe-keâepe keâer Yee<ee keâe (d) Ùen osMe kesâ efueS veS DeJemej hewoe keâjleer nw
{hÝXr 49
2. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? menœeeefyoÙeeW kesâ heMÛeeled Yeer Jen Gmekeâe DeefJeefÛÚvve Debie yevee ngDee nw~ mebmeej ceW
(a) pevemebKÙee Je=efæ: mecemÙee Deewj meceeOeeve hej mebYeJele: Ssmee DevÙe keâesF& osMe veneR nw peneB mebieerle Fleves hegjeves Ùegie mes peve-peerJeve
(b) DeeefLe&keâ efJekeâeme ceW pevemebKÙee keâer Yetefcekeâe hej ceW Flevee JÙeehle nes efpelevee efkeâ Yeejle ceW~ YeejleJeeefmeÙeeW kesâ DeefOekeâ mebieerleØesceer
(c) efJekeâeme kesâ veS DeeÙeece hej
nesves keâer yeele keâe GuuesKe cesiemLeveerpe Yeer keâj ieÙee nw~ otmejer Meleeyoer F&.het. ceW
(d) efMe#ee kesâ Ùeesieoeve hej
efueKes ieS ‘Fbef[keâe’ veecekeâ Deheves «ebLe ceW SefjÙeve cesiemLeveerpe keâe Ùen keâLeve
3. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâme hej Deee|Lekeâ efJekeâeme Deewj efMe#ee keâe yengle ØeYeeJe Gæle nw efkeâ ‘‘meye peeefleÙeeW keâer Dehes#ee YeejleerÙe ueesie mebieerle kesâ keâneR DeefOekeâ
heÌ[lee nw? Øesceer nQ~’’
(a) osMe (b) meceepe
(c) Yeeweflekeâlee (d) heefjJeej keâe Deekeâej menœeeW Je<eeX mes nceejs Iejsuet Deewj meebmeeefjkeâ peerJeve ceW ueieYeie meYeer keâece
efkeâmeer-ve-efkeâmeer Øekeâej kesâ mebieerle mes ØeejbYe nesles jns nQ~ pevce mes ueskeâj ce=lÙeg
4. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej, Deee|Lekeâ efJekeâeme mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw?
(a) mecceevehetJe&keâ peerves keâe mlej (b) YeeweflekeâJeeo lekeâ Ùen mebieerle nceejs meeLe yevee jnlee nw~ efpeme efove yeeuekeâ mebmeej ceW Deheveer
(c) efMe#ee keâe mlej (d) mebhevvelee DeeBKeW Keesuelee nw, Gme efove mes ner mebieerle mes Yeer Gmekeâe heefjÛeÙe nes peelee nw~
veecekeâjCe, keâCe&Úsove, efJeJeen Deeefo ceW lees mebieerle neslee ner nw~ Ssmee keâesF&
5. pevemebKÙee Je=efæ keâes jeskeâves kesâ efueS meYeer keâe Âef<škeâesCe kewâmee nw?
(a) meceeve (b) efYevve
leerpe-lÙeewnej veneR neslee, Ssmee keâesF& heJe& Deewj mebmkeâej veneR neslee efpemeceW mebieerle ve
(c) efkeäue<š (d) meceÙeevegmeej nes~ Iej ceW ner keäÙeeW, nceejs ÙeneB Kesue ceW Deewj Ûeewheeue ceW, Ûekeäkeâer Ûeueeves Deewj
Oeeve ketâšves kesâ meceÙe Yeer mebieerle Ûeuelee ner jnlee nw~ Ùen nceejs peve-peerJeve kesâ
6. Deee|Lekeâ efJekeâeme keâer lejn ner efkeâmes cenòJehetCe& ceevee ieÙee nw?
(a) meceepe keâes (b) efMe#ee keâes
Guueeme keâes Øekeâš keâjves keâe lees ØeYeeJeer meeOeve nw ner, meeLe-ner-meeLe Gmekeâes
(c) JÙeefkeäle keâes (d) jepeveerefle keâes ieefleceeve yeveeves keâe Yeer Øeyeue Dem$e nw~ mebieerle jÛeveelcekeâ keâeÙeeX ceW De«emej nesves
keâer meecetefnkeâ mHetâe|le Deewj ØesjCee Øeoeve keâjlee nw Deewj Jen meecetefnkeâ Meefkeäle oslee
7. meeceeefpekeâ Deewj Deee|Lekeâ efJekeâeme kesâ veS DeeÙeece efkeâmekesâ ceeOÙece mes
KegueWies? nw, pees nceW Gve keâeÙeeX keâes keâjves kesâ ÙeesiÙe yevee osleer nw, efpevnW nce Dekesâues Ùee
(a) pevemebKÙee Je=efæ kesâ (b) Deehemeer mecePe kesâ mecetn ceW mebieerle keâer ØesjCee kesâ efyevee veneR keâj heeles~
(c) efMe#ee kesâ (d) YesoYeeJe kesâ efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
8. efMe#ee keâe meceepe kesâ efJekeâeme ceW keäÙee Ùeesieoeve nw? 1. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
(a) eEÛeleve keâe mlej efJekeâefmele keâjvee (a) Fefleneme kesâ he=<"eW hej Yeejle
(b) yeÛÛeeW keâe efJekeâeme keâjvee (b) YeejleerÙe mebieerle keâer efJeMeeue hejbheje
(c) meeceeefpekeâ-Deee|Lekeâ efJekeâeme keâjvee (c) efJeefYevve keâce&keâeb[eW keâe JÙeefkeäle hej ØeYeeJe
(d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer (d) Fefleneme keâer Øeefmeæ hegmlekeâ
9. pevemebKÙee keâer mecemÙee keâes efkeâme Øekeâej keâer mecemÙee ceevee ieÙee nw? 2. YeejleerÙe mebieerle ceW DevÙe osMeeW kesâ mebieerle keâer Dehes#ee keäÙee efJeMes<elee nw?
(a) Deee|Lekeâ (b) meeceeefpekeâ (a) mebhetCe& yeÇÿeeb[ mes SskeäÙe keâjves keâe DeeYeeme n
(c) jepeveereflekeâ (d) JewÙeefkeälekeâ (b) ceeveJe keâes JeemleefJekeâlee mes efJecegKe keâjvee
(c) ke=âef$ece JeeleeJejCe GheefmLele keâj keâuhevee ueeskeâ ceW ues peevee
10. nce efkeâme Øekeâej pevemebKÙee keâes efveÙebef$ele keâj mekeâles nQ? (d) ceeveJe keâes yeÇÿe yevee osvee
(a) Fmes peve-Deeboesueve yeveekeâj
(b) mejkeâej kesâ menÙeesie mes 3. ceveg<Ùe keâes yeÇÿe lekeâ ues peeves keâe ceeie& efkeâmes keâne ieÙee nw?
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW (a) F&MJej keâes (b) mebieerle keâes
(d) pevemebKÙee Je=efæ hej hetCe&le: jeskeâ ueieekeâj (b) ieg® keâes (d) DeeoMeeX keâes
4. mebmeej keâe Ssmee keâewve-mee osMe nw, peneB mebieerle hegjeves meceÙe mes ceeveJe peerJeve
~moY 52 keâe efnmmee jne nes?
(a) SefMeÙee (b) lege|keâmleeve
Fefleneme mes efJejemele ceW Deehekeâes YeejleerÙe mebieerle pewmeer DecetuÙe efveefOe efceueer nw~ (c) peeheeve (d) Yeejle
DevÙe osMeeW kesâ mebieerleeW keâer Dehes#ee FmeceW pees efJeefMe<šlee nw, Jen Gve ceevÙeleeDeeW kesâ 5. Fefleneme ceW YeejleerÙeeW keâer mebieerleefØeÙelee keâe GuuesKe efkeâmemes efceuelee nw?
keâejCe nw pees mebieerle kesâ mebyebOe ceW nceejs hetJe&peeW keâer Leer~ Yeejle ceW mebieerle #eefCekeâ (a) heJe&-lÙeesnej mes (b) Fbef[keâe «ebLe mes
Deeceeso-Øeceeso Ùee Dele=hle le=<Cee keâer Jemleg ve neskeâj, mecemle yeÇÿeeb[ mes SskeäÙe keâe (c) meecetefnkeâ keâeÙe&›eâce mes (d) mebmkeâejeW mes
DeeYeeme nw, Deevebo Øeoeve keâjves Jeeuee DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ meeOeve nw Deewj ceeveJe keâes 6. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâme mebmkeâej ceW mebieerle veneR efceuelee nw?
yeÇÿe lekeâ ues peeves Jeeuee ceeie& nw~ mebieerle kesâ Fme mJeYeeJe Deewj OÙesÙe keâes nceejs (a) veecekeâjCe (b) keâCe&Úsove
osMe kesâ ueesieeW ves nceejer meYÙelee kesâ ØeejbYe ceW ner henÛeeve efueÙee Lee Deewj mebieerle (c) efJeJeen (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR
keâe efJekeâeme FvneR DeeoMeeX kesâ Devegketâue efkeâÙee Lee~
7. peve-peerJeve kesâ Guueeme keâes Øekeâš keâjves keâe ØeYeeJeer meeOeve keäÙee nw?
GvneWves mebieerle Deewj peerJeve ceW efkeâmeer Øekeâej keâer oerJeej veneR KeÌ[er keâer~ Ùen keânvee (a) lÙeesnej (b) mebieerle
DevegefÛele ve nesiee efkeâ GvneWves mebieerle keâes nceejs peerJeve ceW Fme Øekeâej yegve efoÙee efkeâ (c) heJe& (d) jerefle-efjJeepe
8. meecetefnkeâ jÛeveelcekeâ keâeÙeeX ceW mebieerle keâe keäÙee ØeYeeJe neslee nw? pee«ele keâjvee meeefnlÙe keâe yegefveÙeeoer ue#Ùe nw~ Deheves meceÙe kesâ meÛe keâes Gpeeiej
(a) efMeefLeuelee Øeoeve keâjvee keâjves kesâ meeLe ner iegCeelcekeâ meeefnlÙe meowJe Øeemebefiekeâ yevee jnlee nw leLee
(b) mHetâe|le Deewj ØesjCee Øeoeve keâjvee nesvee peveceeveme keâes Deeueeskeâ mlebYe kesâ meceeve Skeâ efoMee Deewj ØekeâeMe oslee nw~ keânves
(c) Dekesâuesheve keâe DevegYeJe keâjvee keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee veneR efkeâ ßes<" meeefnlÙe Jener neslee nw, pees Deheves Yeerlej-yeenj
(d) keâeÙe& keâjves ÙeesiÙe ve ÚesÌ[vee keâjvee
meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ cetuÙeeW, mebosMeeW SJeb GodosMÙeeW keâes meceeS jnlee nw~
9. nceejs Iejsuet peerJeve ceW mebieerle keâneB JÙeehle efoKeeF& oslee nw? efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(a) Ûekeäkeâer Ûeueeves ceW (b) Oeeve ketâšves ceW
(c) Ûeewheeue ceW (d) Ùes meYeer 1. meeefnlÙe keâer efkeâme Ketyeer kesâ keâejCe Fmes meceepe keâe ohe&Ce keâne peelee nw?
(a) ceeveJe meceepe keâe efÛe$eCe keâjves kesâ keâejCe
10. DevÙe osMeeW keâer Dehes#ee YeejleerÙe mebieerle keâer efJeefMe<šlee keâe keäÙee keâejCe jne nw? (b) meeefnlÙekeâejeW keâes mecceeve osves kesâ keâejCe
(a) YeejleerÙeeW keâe mebieerle Øesceer nesvee (c) meceepe kesâ Skeâ he#e keâe efÛe$eCe keâjves kesâ keâejCe
(b) mebieerle kesâ mebyebOe ceW hetJe&peeW keâer ceevÙeleeSB nesvee (d) Fefleneme keâe efÛe$eCe keâjves kesâ keâejCe
(c) ceeveJe nsleg mebieerle keâe nesvee
(d) peve-peerJeve Éeje mebieerle keâer Ghes#ee keâjvee 2. meeefnlÙe ceW efkeâme iegCe keâe nesvee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw?
(a) melÙe keâer meeOevee (b) efMeJelJe keâer keâecevee
(c) meeQoÙe& keâer DeefYeJÙebpevee (d) Ùes meYeer
~moY 53 3. ØesceÛebo efkeâme Øekeâej kesâ meeefnlÙe keâes meeefnlÙe keânueeves keâe DeefOekeâejer veneR
meeefnlÙe ceW ceeveJeerÙe meceepe kesâ megKe-ogKe, DeeMee-efvejeMee, meenme-YeÙe Deewj ceeveles nQ?
GlLeeve-heleve keâe mhe<š efÛe$eCe jnlee nw~ meeefnlÙe keâer FvneR KetefyeÙeeW kesâ keâejCe (a) pees nceejer meg®efÛe keâes peieeS
Fmes ‘meceepe keâe ohe&Ce’ keâne peelee nw~ JeemleJe ceW, osKee peeS lees meeefnlÙe Skeâ (b) efpememes DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ Deewj ceeveefmekeâ Meebefle efceues
mJeeÙeòe Deelcee nw Deewj Gmekeâer me=ef<š keâjves Jeeuee Yeer "erkeâ mes Ùen veneR yelee (c) pees ceveg<Ùe ceW Meefkeäle Deewj ieefle hewoe keâjs
(d) pees keâef"veeFÙeeW hej efJepeÙe heeves keâer meÛÛeer ÂÌ{lee ve Glhevve keâjs
mekeâlee efkeâ Gmekesâ jÛes meeefnlÙe keâer ietBpe keâye Deewj keâneB lekeâ peeSieer? keânves keâe
leelheÙe& Ùen nw efkeâ Ùeefo meeefnlÙe meceepe ceW veweflekeâ melÙe keâer efÛeblee nw, lees Ùen 4. MeskeämeefheÙej Ùee keâeefueoeme keâer ke=âefleÙeeB Deepe Yeer ueeskeâefØeÙe nesves keâe keäÙee
meceepe keâer otjieeceer Je=efòeÙeeW keâe j#ekeâ leòJe Yeer nw~ leYeer lees ØesceÛebo ves keâejCe nw?
(a) ceeveJe meceepe keâer mebJesovee SJeb menpe Je=efòeÙeeW kesâ keâejCe
meeefnlÙekeâejeW keâes meeJeOeeve keâjles ngS meeefnlÙe kesâ ue#Ùe keâes yeÌ[er ceee|cekeâlee mes
(b) Deheves meceÙe kesâ ceneve meeefnlÙekeâej nesves kesâ keâejCe
jsKeebefkeâle keâjles ngS keâne Lee—‘‘efpeme meeefnlÙe mes nceejer meg®efÛe ve peeies, (c) Øesce he#e keâe JeCe&ve keâjves kesâ keâejCe
DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ Deewj ceeveefmekeâ le=efhle ve efceues, nceceW Meefkeäle Deewj ieefle ve hewoe nes, (d) Fefleneme kesâ heefjØes#Ùe kesâ keâejCe
nceeje meeQoÙe&-Øesce ve peeies, pees nceceW meÛÛee mebkeâuhe Deewj keâef"veeFÙeeW hej efJepeÙe
5. efJeMJe keâe iegšeW ceW yeBšves mes meeefnlÙe hej keäÙee ØeYeeJe heÌ[siee?
heeves keâer meÛÛeer ÂÌ{lee ve Glhevve keâjs, Jen Deepe nceejs efueS yeskeâej nw, Jen (a) meeefnlÙe meye ceveg<ÙeeW kesâ efueS meceeve jnsiee
meeefnlÙe keânueeves keâe DeefOekeâejer veneR~’’ (b) meeefnlÙe ceW celeYeso keâer KeeF& Dee peeSieer
keâne pee mekeâlee nw efkeâ meeefnlÙe ceW melÙe keâer meeOevee nw, efMeJelJe keâer keâecevee nw (c) meeefnlÙe Yeer iegšeW ceW yeBš peeSiee
Deewj meeQoÙe& keâer DeefYeJÙebpevee nw~ Megæ peerJeble SJeb Glke=â<š meeefnlÙe ceeveJe SJeb (d) meeefnlÙe keâe DeefmlelJe meceehle nes peeSiee
meceepe keâer mebJesovee Deewj Gmekeâer menpe Je=efòeÙeeW keâes, ÙegieeW-ÙegieeW lekeâ peve-peve kesâ 6. «eerkeâ meeefnlÙe ceW efkeâmekeâe JeCe&ve efceuelee nw?
ceeveme keâes jmeeefmekeäle keâjlee jnlee nw~ leYeer lees MeskeämeefheÙej neW Ùee keâeefueoeme (a) oeme ØeLee (b) efm$eÙeeW keâer meblees<epevekeâ efmLeefle
Gvekeâer ke=âefleÙeeB Deepe Yeer Deheveer jmemegOee mes ueesieeW kesâ ùoÙe keâes DeehueeefJele keâj (c) Øeke=âefle efÛe$eCe (d) meeefnlÙekeâejeW keâer DeemLee
jner nQ~ Skeâ yeele Deewj jepeveereflekeâ Âef<š mes efJeMJe Ûeens efkeâleves ner iegšeW ceW keäÙeeW ve 7. meeefnlÙe keâe yegefveÙeeoer ue#Ùe keäÙee nw?
yeBš ieÙee nes, Ûeens Gmekesâ celeYeso keâer KeeF& efkeâleveer ner ienjer keäÙeeW ve nes ieF& nes, (a) meceepe keâer DeÛÚeF& keâe JeCe&ve keâjvee
eEkeâleg meeefnlÙe kesâ ØeebieCe ceW meye Skeâ ner nQ, keäÙeeWefkeâ ogefveÙee keâe ceeveJe Skeâ nw (b) meceepe keâer meesF& ngF& efJeJeskeâ Meefkeäle keâes peieevee
leLee Gmekeâer Je=efòeÙeeB Yeer meye peien Deewj meye keâeueeW ceW Skeâ meceeve nQ~ (c) meceepe kesâ pJeuebleMeerue cegodoeW keâe JeCe&ve keâjvee
(d) meceepe kesâ efvecve Jeie& keâe efÛe$eCe keâjvee
ØeeÛeerve «eerkeâ meeefnlÙe keäÙeeW efØeÙe ueielee nw, peyeefkeâ Jen «eerkeâ meceepe keâer
oeme-ØeLee, efm$eÙeeW keâer ogo&Mee leLee ßece mes Ie=Cee pewmeer efJeke=âefleÙeeW mes heerefÌ[le Lee~ 8. meeefnlÙe keâes meceepe keâe ohe&Ce keäÙeeW keâne peelee nw?
(a) peerJeve keâer heefjJele&veMeeruelee kesâ keâejCe
Jemlegle: Jen Deepe Yeer efØeÙe SJeb Deekeâ<e&keâ FmeefueS ueielee nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ FmeceW
(b) meceÙe Deewj heefjefmLeefle keâe ØeYeeJe meeefnlÙe hej heÌ[ves kesâ keâejCe
ceveg<Ùelee keâe Skeâ Ùegie efÛeef$ele ngDee nw~ FmeceW keâesF& oes jeÙe veneR efkeâ ceveg<Ùe kesâ (c) meeefnlÙekeâej keâe meceepe mes pegÌ[s jnves kesâ keâejCe
menpe mJeYeeJe kesâ Devegmeej, meeefnlÙe Yeer heefjJee|lele neslee jnlee nw~ keâejCe Ùen nw (d) YeefJe<Ùe ceW heLe-ØeoMe&ve keâjves kesâ keâejCe
efkeâ meeefnlÙekeâej meceÙe keâer efJeÛeejOeeje mes DeÚtlee veneR jn mekeâlee~
9. efkeâme Øekeâej keâe meeefnlÙe meowJe Øeemebefiekeâ yevee jnlee nw?
peerJeve keâer lejn meeefnlÙe ceW Yeer mebIe<e& Deewj efvejblejlee Ûeueleer jnleer nw, FmeerefueS (a) iegCeeW mes heefjhetCe&
lees meeefnlÙe meceepe keâe ohe&Ce keânueelee nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ meceÙe Deewj heefjefmLeefle keâe (b) Deheves meceÙe kesâ melÙe keâes Gpeeiej keâjves Jeeuee
ØeYeeJe meeefnlÙe hej DeefveJeeÙe& ™he mes heÌ[lee nw~ meeefnlÙe ner Jele&ceeve keâes meeceves (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW
jKekeâj YeefJe<Ùe keâer ™hejsKee leÙe keâjlee nw~ meceepe keâer meg<eghle efJeJeskeâMeefkeäle keâes (d) yegjeFÙeeW keâe ØeoMe&ve keâjves Jeeuee
{hÝXr 51
10. ßes<" meeefnlÙe efkeâmes keâne pee mekeâlee nw? 3. owefvekeâ efJe<e keäÙee nw, pees nceW meecetefnkeâ DeelcenlÙee keâer efoMee ceW ues pee jne
(a) pees meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ cetuÙeeW, mebosMeeW Deewj GodosMÙeeW keâes meceeS jns nw?
(b) pees peerJeve keâe mecÙekedâ Deekeâueve ve keâjs (a) Øeeke=âeflekeâ meblegueve efyeieeÌ[vee
(c) pees ceveg<Ùe keâes efvejeMee mes otj keâjs (b) Øeke=âefle mes Øeehle nesves Jeeuee Deenej
(d) pees ceveg<Ùe keâes mebIe<e& keâjves mes yeÛeeS (c) owefvekeâ DeeJeMÙekeâleeDeeW keâer hete|le keâjvee
(d) DeLe&JÙeJemLee mebyebOeer DeeJeMÙekeâleeDeeW keâes hetje keâjvee
~moY 54 4. JeveeW keâer efvejblej keâšeF& keâjves kesâ heefjCeecemJe™he keâewve-meer mecemÙee yeÌ{leer
Øeke=âefle F&MJej keâer osve nw~ Øeke=âefle Deewj ceveg<Ùe Deeefokeâeue mes ner Skeâ-otmejs hej pee jner nw?
(a) pevemebKÙee Je=efæ keâer (b) pebieueeW keâer Deeie keâer
Deeefßele jns nQ~ Øeke=âefle ves ner ceveg<Ùe keâes mebj#eCe Øeoeve efkeâÙee~ Jen Øeke=âefle keâer (c) heÙee&JejCe-Øeot<eCe keâer (d) JeveeW kesâ jKe-jKeeJe keâer
megjcÙe ieeso ceW heuee, yeÌ{e Deewj Fmeer hej Deeefßele nes ieÙee~ Deeefokeâeue mes ner
ceveg<Ùe kesâ peerJeve ceW Jeve DelÙeble cenòJehetCe& jns nQ, hejbleg pÙeeW-pÙeeW meYÙelee keâe 5. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw?
(a) Øeke=âefle hej Deeefßele ceveg<Ùe hej
efJekeâeme ngDee, lÙeeW-lÙeeW ceveg<Ùe ves Deheveer DeeJeMÙekeâleeDeeW SJeb megKe-megefJeOeeDeeW
(b) Øeke=âefle kesâ meblegueve hej
keâes Øeehle keâjves kesâ efueS Fvekeâe oesnve keâjves hej yeue efoÙee~ JeveeW keâer ueieeleej (c) Jeve mebj#eCe keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee hej
keâšeF& nesleer ieF&, efpememes heÙee&JejCe-Øeot<eCe keâer mecemÙee yeÌ{leer ner pee jner nw~ (d) heÙee&JejCe kesâ cenòJe hej
Øeke=âefle keâe meblegueve efyeieeÌ[ves keâer efoMee ceW ceveg<Ùe efheÚues oes-leerve meew Je<eeX kesâ 6. Deeefokeâeue mes heÙee&JejCe kesâ Øeefle nceeje kewâmee Âef<škeâesCe efoKeeF& heÌ[lee nw?
oewjeve Flevee DeefOekeâ Deeies yeÌ{ Ûegkeâe nw efkeâ Deye Gmekeâe heerÚs nšvee (a) mebkegâefÛele (b) mJeeLeea
DemebYeJe-mee ueielee nw~ efpeme ieefle mes nce efJeefYevve #es$eeW ceW Øeeke=âeflekeâ meblegueve (c) efJeMeod (d) efve:mJeeLe&hetCe&
efyeieeÌ[les pee jns nQ, GmeceW keâesF& yeÌ[er keâceer keâjvee JÙeeJeneefjkeâ Øeleerle veneR neslee,
7. Jeve #ejCe keâes jeskeâves kesâ efueS keäÙee efkeâÙee peevee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw?
keäÙeeWefkeâ nceejer DeLe&JÙeJemLeeSB Deewj owefvekeâ DeeJeMÙekeâleeSB Gme ieefle kesâ meeLe (a) Jeve #ejCe kesâ ueeYeeW mes ueesieeW keâes DeJeiele keâjevee
pegÌ[-meer ieF& nQ~ keäÙee nceW %eele veneR efkeâ efpemes nce Dehevee Deenej mecePe jns nQ, (b) Jeve mebj#eCe kesâ Øeefle meceepe ceW peeie™keâlee ueevee
Jen Jemlegle: nceeje owefvekeâ efJe<e nw, pees meecetefnkeâ DeelcenlÙee keâer efoMee ceW nceW ues (c) Jeve mebyebefOele efJe<eÙe keâes hee"dÙe›eâce ceW Meeefceue keâjvee
pee jne nw~ pebieueeW keâes ner ueW, Ùen Skeâ ØelÙe#e melÙe nw efkeâ efJeefYevve osMeeW keâer (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
Jeve-mebheefòe DelÙeble leerJeÇieefle mes #eerCe nesleer pee jner nw~ Yeejle kesâ efJeefYevve ØeosMeeW, 8. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe ceW nceeje hejce keâòe&JÙe efkeâmes ceevee ieÙee nw?
efJeMes<ekeâj hetJeexòej kesâ jepÙeeW, Gòej ØeosMe, efnceeueÛe ØeosMe, keâMceerj Deeefo kesâ (a) heÙee&JejCe kesâ cenòJe keâes vekeâejvee
pebieue Yeejer mebKÙee ceW keâešs pee jns nQ, Ùen DeÛÚer lejn peeveles ngS Yeer efkeâ (b) meerefcele cee$ee ceW JeveeW keâe keâšeJe keâjvee
pebieueeW keâes keâešves keâe DeLe& nesiee—‘Yetefce keâes Dejef#ele keâjvee’, ‘yeeÌ{eW keâes (c) Jeve mebj#eCe ceW menÙeesie osvee
yeÌ{eJee osvee’ Deewj ‘ceewmece kesâ yeoueeJe ceW meneÙekeâ nesvee~’ Deeefokeâeue ceW ner (d) DeeJeMÙekeâleeDeeW keâer hete|le nsleg JeveeW keâe keâšeJe keâjvee
ceveg<Ùe ves JeveeW keâer cenòee keâes peeve efueÙee Lee~ mebhetCe& ØeeÛeerve YeejleerÙe keâuee, 9. pebieueeW keâes keâešves keâe keäÙee heefjCeece nesiee?
meeefnlÙe, mebmke=âefle ceW heÙee&JejCe kesâ Øeefle efJeMeod Âef<škeâesCe efceuelee nw~ hebÛeleb$e, (a) yeeÌ{eW keâes yeÌ{eJee osvee
peelekeâ keâLeeSB, heewjeefCekeâ meeefnlÙe Deeefo heÙee&JejCe Deewj ceeveJe kesâ mebyebOe ceW (b) ceewmece kesâ yeoueeJe ceW meneÙekeâ nesvee
iebYeerj %eeve kesâ meeiej nQ, hejbleg Deepe JeveeW keâes pees #eefle hengBÛeeF& pee jner nw, (c) Yetefce keâes Dejef#ele keâjvee
Gmekeâes jeskeâves kesâ efueS mejkeâej Deewj meceepe ceW peeie=efle ueeves keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw~
nceeje hegveerle keâòe&JÙe nw efkeâ nce Jeve mebj#eCe Deewj heÙee&JejCe kesâ cenòJe keâes 10. heÙee&JejCe Deewj ceeveJe kesâ mebyebOe ceW heÙee&hle peevekeâejer efkeâmemes efceueleer nw?
mecePeW Deewj Fvekesâ mebj#eCe ceW Dehevee menÙeesie oW~ (a) heewjeefCekeâ meeefnlÙe (b) hebÛeleb$e
(c) peelekeâ keâLeeSB (d) Ùes meYeer
1. meYÙelee kesâ efJekeâeme kesâ meeLe-meeLe ceeveJeerÙe DeeJeMÙekeâleeDeeW Deewj Yeeweflekeâ ~moY 55
megKe-megefJeOeeDeeW keâes Øeehle keâjves kesâ efueS ceveg<Ùe ves keäÙee efkeâÙee?
(a) Yeeweflekeâ mebmeeOeveeW keâe kegâMeueleehetJe&keâ ØeÙeesie keâne peelee nw, ‘‘peeefle ve hetÚes meeOeg keâer, hetÚ ueerefpeS %eeve........!’’ keânves keâe
(b) pebieueeW kesâ mebj#eCe ceW DecetuÙe menÙeesie leelheÙe& Ùen nw efkeâ ØelÙeskeâ JÙeefkeäle keâer henÛeeve Gmekesâ %eeve mes nesveer ÛeeefnS,
(c) Øeeke=âeflekeâ megKe-megefJeOeeDeeW keâe og®heÙeesie efkeâmeer DevÙe DeeOeej hej veneR~ efkebâleg peeefle DeeOeeefjle JÙeJemLee ves Skeâ JÙeefkeäle keâes
(d) Øeeke=âeflekeâ mebheoe keâe efveÙebef$ele GheÙeesie otmejs JÙeefkeäle mes efYevve yevee efoÙee nw~ ÙetB lees Yeejle ceW ØeeÛeervekeâeue ceW
2. Øeke=âefle Deewj ceveg<Ùe kesâ mebyebOe ceW keâewve-mee keâLeve DemelÙe nw? keâce&-DeeOeeefjle peeefle JÙeJemLee keâes DelÙeble GheÙeesieer meeceeefpekeâ JÙeJemLee kesâ ™he
(a) Øeke=âefle Deewj ceveg<Ùe Skeâ-otmejs hej Deeefßele jns nQ ceW osKee ieÙee, uesefkeâve meceÙe kesâ meeLe-meeLe keâce&-DeeOeeefjle peeefle JÙeJemLee
(b) Øeke=âefle ceveg<Ùe keâer ieeso ceW heueer nw pevce-DeeOeeefjle meeceeefpekeâ JÙeJemLee keâer mebkeâerCe& ™efÌ{ÙeeW mes pekeâÌ[ ieF& Deewj
(c) ceveg<Ùe Øeke=âefle hej ner Deeefßele nw efHeâj Oeerjs-Oeerjs meeceeefpekeâ efJeKeb[ve keâer Ssmeer Øeef›eâÙee DeejbYe ngF& efkeâ efkeâmeer Ùegie
(d) Øeke=âefle ves ceveg<Ùe keâes mebj#eCe Øeoeve efkeâÙee nw
ceW meceepe keâes peesÌ[keâj hejmhej hetjkeâ yeveeves leLee jepeveereflekeâ, Deee|Lekeâ SJeb
meeceeefpekeâ Âef<š mes meeceeefpekeâ Skeâlee keâes megÂÌ{ yeveeS jKeves keâer pees JÙeJemLee 7. ØelÙeskeâ JÙeefkeäle keâer henÛeeve keâe DeeOeej keäÙee nesvee ÛeeefnS?
keâer ieF& Leer, Jener meceÙe yeerleves kesâ meeLe DevegheÙeesieer efmeæ nesves ueieer~ kegâÚ Ssmeer (a) %eeve (b) keâce&
kegâjerefleÙeeW SJeb kegâØeLeeDeeW ves pevce efueÙee, pees meceepe Éeje KeeRÛeer ieF& ue#ceCe (c) Oece& (d) peeefle
jsKeeDeeW kesâ keâejCe heveheeR Deewj Gvekesâ GuuebIeve keâes meceepeeW kesâ leLeekeâefLele 8. oes efYevve meceepeeW kesâ efJeueÙe keâe yeesOe efkeâmemes neslee nw?
keâCe&OeejeW ves ob[veerÙe DehejeOe Ieesef<ele keâj efoÙee~ meeceeefpekeâ yeefn<keâej keâe ob[ (a) peeefleiele mlejerkeâjCe mes (b) meeceeefpekeâ mlejerkeâjCe mes
efJeOeeve, meceepe mes yeefn<ke=âle nesves keâe YeÙe, cegefmuece keâes eEnot mes Ùee eEnot keâes (c) meceleecetuekeâ meceepe mes (d) Ùes meYeer
cegefmuece mes Ùee efHeâj Skeâ peeefle kesâ meomÙe keâes efkeâmeer DevÙe peeefle kesâ meomÙeeW mes 9. meeceeefpekeâ mlejerkeâjCe kesâ Debleie&le efkeâme Øekeâej keâer JÙeJemLee efJekeâefmele
Øesce Ùee efJeJeen keâjves mes jeskeâlee nw~ nesleer nw?
mebYeJele: ceeveJe ceW mlejerkeâjCe oes efYevve efoMeeDeeW mes efJekeâefmele ngDee nw, neueeBefkeâ (a) Skeâ meceepe kesâ efJeÛeejeW keâer (b) Skeâ meceepe kesâ heo mlejeW keâer
oesveeW Skeâ-otmejs ceW yengle no lekeâ mecee Yeer ieS nQ~ Fme Øekeâej kesâ mlejerkeâjCeeW (c) oes efYevve meceepe keâer (d) eEnot meceepe keâer
keâes ›eâceMe: JebMeeiele (peeefleiele) mlejerkeâjCe Deewj meeceeefpekeâ (iewj-peeefleiele) 10. Yeejle ceW eEnot meceepe keâe efvecee&Ce efkeâmemes ngDee nw?
mlejerkeâjCe keânles nQ~ meeceeefpekeâ mlejerkeâjCe ceW Skeâ meceepe kesâ Debleie&le ner (a) Deeefokeâeueerve peeefleÙeeW mes (b) DeeÙe& peeefleÙeeW mes
heo-mlejeW keâer Skeâ JÙeJemLee efJekeâefmele nes peeleer nw~ peeefleiele mlejerkeâjCe mes oes (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW (d) cegefmuece peeefleÙeeW mes
efJeefYevve meceepeeW kesâ efJeueÙe keâe yeesOe nes peelee nw~ peye Skeâ peeleerÙe mecetn otmejs
peeleerÙe mecetn Ùee mecetneW hej mLeeÙeer ™he mes vÙetveeefOekeâ Øeyeue nes peelee nw, lees
peeleerÙe mlejerkeâjCe efvee|cele nes peelee nw~ Yeejle ceW eEnot peeefle JÙeJemLee Fmeer Øekeâej
~moY 56
kesâ mlejerkeâjCe keâe GoenjCe nw~ eEnot meceepe Yeejle keâer Deeefokeâeueerve peeefleÙeeW heeveer ner Fme me=ef<š keâe pevceoelee nw~ peue mes ner meye kegâÚ hewoe ngDee nw~ pevce mes
leLee keâeueeblej ceW yeenj mes Deekeâj yemeves Jeeueer efJepeslee DeeÙe& peeefleÙeeW kesâ efJeueÙe cejCe lekeâ ceveg<Ùe kesâ peerJeve kesâ meYeer keâce&keâeb[eW, Ùe%eeW Deeefo ceW peue keâe yengle
mes yevee nw~ cenòJe nw~ leerLeeX hej peekeâj efvece&ue mejesJejeW Deewj yenleer veefoÙeeW ceW mveeve keâe
Dehevee Skeâ Deueie ner cenòJe nw~ peue efoJÙe iegCeÙegkeäle nw~ Fmekeâe GefÛele ØeÙeesie
efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ Mejerj Je ceve keâes mJemLe yeveelee nw~ peue kesâ DeYeeJe ceW ceveg<Ùe kesâ ØeeCe kebâ" lekeâ
1. Skeâ JÙeefkeäle keâes otmejs JÙeefkeäle mes efYevve yevee osves keâe keâeÙe& efkeâmeves efkeâÙee Dee peeles nQ Deewj Gmekesâ meYeer keâece DeOetjs jn peeles nQ~ peue kesâ DeYeeJe ceW me=ef<š
nw? keâer keâuhevee Yeer veneR keâer pee mekeâleer~ heeveer keâes mecceeve keâe heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer Yeer ceevee
(a) Oece& DeeOeeefjle JÙeJemLee ves (b) keâce& DeeOeeefjle JÙeJemLee ves peelee nw~ hejceelcee kesâ Deveble meeceLÙe& mes DeekeâeMe, JeeÙeg, Deefive, peue Deewj he=LJeer
(c) peeefle DeeOeeefjle JÙeJemLee ves (d) eEueie DeeOeeefjle JÙeJemLee ves Deeefo leòJe Glhevve ngS nQ Deewj GmeceW ner hetJeexkeäle keâce& kesâ Devegmeej Mejerj keâer
2. ØeeÛeervekeâeue ceW efkeâme JÙeJemLee keâes DelÙeble GheÙeesieer meeceeefpekeâ JÙeJemLee kesâ Glheefòe ngF& nw~
¤he ceW osKee ieÙee? ceveg<Ùe kesâ Mejerj ceW 70% heeveer keâer cee$ee keâe efJemleej nw~ heMeg-heef#eÙeeW keâe peerJeve
(a) keâce& DeeOeeefjle (b) peeefle DeeOeeefjle peue mes efveOee&efjle nw~ hesÌ[-heewOeeW kesâ efueS heeveer keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee ceewmece hej efveYe&j
(c) Oece& DeeOeeefjle (d) Ùes meYeer
nw~ hesÌ[-heewOes efpelevee heeveer uesles nQ, Jes JeeleeJejCe ceW Gmes efjmeves keâer ef›eâÙee Éeje
3. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? ÚesÌ[les Yeer nQ~ Fmemes peueJeeÙeg ceW Yeer megOeej neslee nw~ Fme Øekeâej peerJeve ceW peue
(a) Deeefokeâeueerve meeceeefpekeâ JÙeJemLee hej keâe yengle cenòJe neslee nw~ peue ner peerJeve nw Ùee keâefnS peerJeve ner peue nw~ peue
(b) peeefle DeeOeeefjle meeceeefpekeâ JÙeJemLee hej
keâes heerves Je eEmeÛeeF& kesâ efueS osvee Yeer Skeâ hegCÙe keâe keâeÙe& ceevee ieÙee nw~ peue
(c) efnvot meceepe kesâ GoÙe hej
(d) meceepe efJejesOeer OeejCee hej hÙeemes kesâ ieues mes Glejkeâj Gmes ceewle kesâ cegBn mes yeÛee ueslee nw~ peue mes hÙeemes kesâ
jesce-jesce ceW peerJeve keâe mebÛeej nes G"lee nw~
4. meceepe Éeje KeeRÛeer ieF& ue#ceCe jsKeeDeeW kesâ keâejCe efkeâmekeâe pevce ngDee?
(a) kegâjerefleÙeeW SJeb kegâØeLeeDeeW keâe (b) DebleÉËÉ keâe peue peerJeve keâe meyemes DeeJeMÙekeâ Ieškeâ nw Deewj peerefJekeâe kesâ efueS cenòJehetCe& Yeer
(c) efJejesOe keâe (d) yeefn<keâej keâe nw~ peue kesâ efyevee peerJeve keâer keâuhevee keâjvee Yeer keâef"ve nw~ hejbleg efJe[byevee Ùen nw
efkeâ peue kesâ cenòJe keâes mecePeles ngS Yeer ceveg<Ùe Fmes otef<ele keâj jne nw~ peue
5. meceepe kesâ leLeekeâefLele keâCe&OeejeW ves ob[veerÙe DehejeOe kesâ ¤he ceW efkeâmekeâe
efJeOeeve efkeâÙee? Øeot<eCe Deewj peue keâer yeyee&oer kesâ heefjCeecemJe¤he Deye nceejs heerves kesâ efueS ner
(a) meeceeefpekeâ yeefn<keâej keâe Megæ peue GheueyOe veneR nes hee jne nw, pees YeefJe<Ùe kesâ efueS keâoeefhe GefÛele veneR
(b) DevÙe peeefle kesâ meomÙe mes Øesce efJeJeen keâjves hej jeskeâves keâe nw~ peue peerJeve kesâ Dece=le kesâ ¤he ceW peevee peelee nw, FmeefueS peerJeve keâes yeÛeeves
(c) meceepe mes yeefn<ke=âle keâjves keâe kesâ efueS heeveer keâe mebj#eCe Deefle DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~
6. ceeveJe meceepe ceW mlejerkeâjCe efkeâve efoMeeDeeW mes efJekeâefmele ngDee? 1. heeveer keâes me=ef<š keâe pevceoelee keäÙeeW ceevee peelee nw?
(a) oes meceeve efoMeeDeeW mes (a) peue kesâ Éeje ner meye kegâÚ Glhevve ngDee nw
(b) oes efYevve efoMeeDeeW mes (b) peue F&MJej keâe Jejoeve nw
(c) oes meceeveeblej efoMeeDeeW mes (c) peue kesâ efyevee peerJe peerefJele jn mekeâlee nw
(d) oes DebleefJe&jesOeer efoMeeDeeW mes (d) peue kesâ Éeje kesâJeue ceveg<Ùe peerJeve mebYeJe nw
{hÝXr 53
2. ieÅeebMe ceW heeveer keâes efkeâmekeâe heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer ceevee ieÙee nw? ieebOeerJeeo kesâ Debleie&le meJe&Oece& meceYeeJe keâer veerefle keâer Øeemebefiekeâlee Deepe mhe<š nw~
(a) peerefJekeâe keâe (b) peerJeve keâe meJe&Oece& meceYeeJe keâe efJeÛeej Deepe Skeâ meeceeefpekeâ SJeb meebmke=âeflekeâ DeefveJeeÙe&lee
(c) mecceeve keâe (d) Dece=le keâe yeve Ûegkeâe nw~ Oece& lees JÙeefkeäleiele DeemLee keâe efJe<eÙe nw~ Gmes meeceeefpekeâ mlej hej
3. peue kesâ DeYeeJe keâe ceveg<Ùe hej keäÙee ØeYeeJe heÌ[lee nw? ueeves kesâ efueS ‘meJe&Oece& meceYeeJe’ lekeâ Deevee ner nesiee~ Oeee|cekeâ keâšdšjlee Deepe
(a) ØeeCeeW hej mebkeâš Dee peelee nw nceW DeeefCJekeâ DeelebkeâJeeo keâer onueer]pe hej hengBÛee Ûegkeâer nw~ Ssmeer efJe<ece
(b) meYeer keâeÙe& DeOetjs jn peeles nQ heefjefmLeefle ceW ner mJeeceer efJeJeskeâevebo ves ‘efJeMJe Oece&’ SJeb ieg®osJe jJeeRõveeLe ves
(c) peerJeve keâer keâuhevee keâjvee DemebYeJe nw ‘ceeveJe Oece&’ keâer mebkeâuhevee keâer Leer~ Ùeefo efJe%eeve meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ nes mekeâlee nw, lees
Oece& Yeer meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ nesvee ÛeeefnS, keäÙeeWefkeâ efkeâmeer Yeer Oece& keâes ßes<" mecePeves keâe
4. ieÅeebMe ceW peue mes mebyebefOele efkeâme mecemÙee keâes GYeeje ieÙee nw? DeLe& nw, otmejs Oece& keâes nerve mecePevee veneR~ ieebOeerpeer ves Fme leLÙe keâes mecePeeles ngS
(a) peue keâer yeyee&oer keâer (b) peue Øeot<eCe keâer
Oece& keâes JewefMJekeâ SJeb meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ yeveeves keâer keâesefMeMe keâer~ Deepe kesâ
(c) Megæ peue keâer GheueyOelee keâer (d) Ùes meYeer
Gòej-DeeOegefvekeâ meceepe ceW Yeer mebkegâefÛele meebØeoeefÙekeâ efJeÛeejOeeje SJeb DebOe
5. hesÌ[-heewOeeW kesâ efueS heeveer keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee efkeâme hej efveYe&j keâjleer nw? keâšdšjleeJeeo keâes kewâmes mJeerkeâej efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw?
(a) heewOeeW keâer Øeke=âefle hej (b) ceewmece hej
(c) hesÌ[-heewOeeW kesâ Devegheele hej (d) ce=oe keâer iegCeJeòee hej Oece& keâes efme]he&â veweflekeâlee keâe heÙee&Ùe ceevevee ÛeeefnS~ Deepe kesâ JewefMJekeâ mebkeâš keâe
Skeâ ØecegKe keâejCe efmeæebleefJenerve jepeveerefle nw~ cewefkeâÙeeJesueer keâer veerefle mes
6. ceeveJe Mejerj keâer Glheefòe efkeâmekesâ Devegmeej ngF& nw?
(a) F&MJej kesâ (b) hetJeexkeäle keâce& kesâ
Demencele nesles ngS ieebOeerJeeo kesâ Debleie&le jepeveerefle ceW meeOeve Megefæ keâe meceeJesMe
(c) hebÛeleòJe kesâ (d) Ùes meYeer keâj jepeveerefle keâes Skeâ veÙee DeeÙeece Øeoeve efkeâÙee ieÙee~ ieebOeerpeer ves DevÙeeÙe keâe
Øeeflekeâej keâjves kesâ efueS Mem$e kesâ mLeeve hej efve:Mem$e Jeerjlee keâes Øeoe|Mele efkeâÙee~
7. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâmekeâe ØeÙeesie Mejerj Je ceve keâes mJemLe jKeves ceW
DeeEnmekeâ Øeeflekeâej keâes meecetefnkeâ ™he Øeoeve keâj Gmes DelÙeefOekeâ MeefkeäleMeeueer
meneÙekeâ nw?
(a) Ùeesie keâe (b) Oeee|cekeâ ef›eâÙee keâe
nefLeÙeej yevee efoÙee~ Deepe meYeer ueeskeâleebe$f ekeâ meceepeeW ceW Fme MeefkeäleMeeueer
(c) peue keâe (d) Øeeke=âeflekeâ meeOeve keâe nefLeÙeej keâe meJee&efOekeâ GheÙeesie neslee nw~
8. peue keâes heerves Je eEmeÛeeF& kesâ efueS osvee kewâmee keâeÙe& ceevee ieÙee nw? efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(a) Deueewefkeâkeâ (b) hegCÙe 1. cenelcee ieebOeer ves 21JeeR meoer kesâ efueS Skeâ DeeoMe& kewâmes Øemlegle efkeâÙee?
(c) meebmeeefjkeâ (d) Oeee|cekeâ (a) peveYeeJevee keâes cenòJe oskeâj
9. peue keâe mebj#eCe keäÙeeW DeeJeMÙekeâ nw? (b) hejbhejeiele je<š^Jeeo keâes heefj<ke=âle keâj
(a) peerJeve keâes yeÛeeves kesâ efueS (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW
(b) peueJeeÙeg keâer iegCeJeòee ceW megOeej kesâ efueS (d) Deheves efJeÛeejeW keâes Øemlegle keâj
(c) ke=âef<e #es$eeW ceW eEmeÛeeF& kesâ efueS 2. efJeefYevve mecegoeÙeeW kesâ yeerÛe mecevJeÙe mLeeefhele keâjves kesâ efueS ieebOeer peer ves
keäÙee efkeâÙee?
10. peue Øeot<eCe Deewj peue keâer yeyee&oer keâe keäÙee heefjCeece meeceves DeeÙee nw? (a) efJeefJeOe efJeÛeejkeâeW kesâ efJeÛeej Øemlegle efkeâS
(a) heerves kesâ efueS Megæ peue keâe DeYeeJe (b) YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle keâe cenòJe Gpeeiej efkeâÙee
(b) peue keâer Gòece iegCeJeòee (c) efJeefYevve Øekeâej kesâ jÛeveelcekeâ keâeÙe&›eâce Øemlegle efkeâS
(c) heewOeeW keâes heeveer ve efceuevee (d) DeeEnmee hej yeue efoÙee
(d) peue keâes Dece=le ¤he ceW ceevee peevee
3. ieebOeerpeer keâe je<š^ Oece& kewâmee Lee?
(a) JewÙeefkeälekeâ (b) meeceeefpekeâ
~moY 57 (c) jepeveereflekeâ (d) JewefMJekeâ
cenelcee ieebOeer Gme ceneved JÙeefkeäle keâe veece nw, pees eEnmee keâes DeeEnmee mes, Ie=Cee keâes 4. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej ieebOeerpeer ves je<š^Jeeo keâes YeejleerÙe eEÛeleve kesâ
Øesce mes Deewj DeefJeMJeeme keâes efJeMJeeme mes peerleves ceW Ùekeâerve jKeles Les~ Deepe Deveg™he JewefMJekeâ yeveekeâj keäÙee keâeÙe& efkeâÙee?
ieebOeerpeer lees veneR nQ, uesefkeâve Gvekesâ efJeÛeej SJeb ef›eâÙeelcekeâ Ùeesieoeve 21JeeR (a) JesoeW keâes DeefYeJÙeefkeäle Øeoeve keâer
Meleeyoer ceW Yeer Gleves ner Øeemebefiekeâ nQ, efpeleves henues Les~ cenelcee ieebOeer ves (b) mebkeâš«emle efJeMJe keâes Skeâ veF& efoMee Øeoeve keâer
peveYeeJevee keâes cenòJe oskeâj Deewj hejbhejeiele je<š^Jeeo keâes heefj<ke=âle keâj 21JeeR (c) YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle keâe ØeÛeej-Øemeej efkeâÙee
meoer kesâ efueS Skeâ DeeoMe& Øemlegle efkeâÙee~ efJeefYevve mecegoeÙeeW kesâ yeerÛe mecevJeÙe (d) Oece& keâes ceevÙelee Øeoeve keâer
mLeeefhele keâjves kesâ efueS GvneWves efJeefJeOe Øekeâej kesâ jÛeveelcekeâ keâeÙe&›eâce Øemlegle 5. Oece& keâes meeceeefpekeâ mlej hej ueeves kesâ efueS keäÙee keâjvee nesiee?
efkeâS~ ieebOeerpeer keâer efJeÛeejOeeje hejbhejeiele je<šêrÙelee mes Thej Leer~ Gvekeâe (a) meJe&Oece& meceYeeJe keâes Deheveevee
je<šÔece& JewefMJekeâ Lee~ Jes YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle mes ØeYeeefJele nesles ngS Yeer JesoeW ceW (b) JÙeefkeäleiele DeeOeej keâes Deheveevee
DeefYeJÙekeäle mebhetCe& he=LJeer kesâ Jebove ceW efJeMJeeme keâjles Les—‘ceelee Yetefce: heg$eesÓnb (c) meebmke=âeflekeâ cenòJe keâes Deheveevee
(d) je<š^Jeeo keâes Deheveevee
he=efLeJÙee:~’ ieebOeerpeer ves je<š^Jeeo keâes YeejleerÙe eEÛeleve kesâ Deveg™he JewefMJekeâ yeveekeâj
mebkeâš«emle efJeMJe keâes Skeâ veF& efoMee Øeoeve keâer~
6. Oeee|cekeâ keâšdšjlee keâer meceeefhle kesâ efueS jJeeRõveeLe šwieesj ves efkeâmekeâer efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
mebkeâuhevee keâer? 1. YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle keâer meyemes yeÌ[er efJeMes<elee efkeâmes ceevee ieÙee nw?
(a) ceeveJe Oece& keâer (b) efJeMJe Oece& keâer
(a) ØeeÛeerve Fefleneme keâes (b) Deveskeâlee ceW Skeâlee keâes
(c) meJe&Oece& meceYeeJe keâer (d) meeefnlÙe Oece& keâer
(c) meeceeefpekeâ efJejemele keâes (d) meYÙelee SJeb mebmke=âefle keâes
7. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej Oece& keâes efkeâmekeâe heÙee&Ùe ceevevee ÛeeefnS? 2. ieÅeebMe ceW meeceeefpekeâ efJejemele efkeâmes keâne ieÙee nw?
(a) ceeveJelee keâe (b) veweflekeâlee keâe
(a) mebmke=âefle keâe (b) Yeeweflekeâ he#e keâes
(c) meeceeefpekeâlee keâe (d) vÙeeÙe keâe
(c) efJeÛeej keâes (d) DeeÛejCe keâes
8. ieebOeerpeer ves DevÙeeÙe keâe Øeeflekeâej keâjves kesâ efueS Mem$e kesâ mLeeve hej
efkeâmekeâes Øeoe|Mele efkeâÙee? 3. Yeejle ceW meeceeefmekeâ mebmke=âefle keâe ™he efoKeeF& heÌ[ves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nw?
(a) efJeefJeOelee (b) efJeefYevvelee
(a) Oece& keâes (b) mecegoeÙe keâes
(c) Skeâlee (d) jepeveereflekeâ mebie"ve
(c) efve:Mem$e Jeerjlee keâes (d) eEnmee keâes
9. Deepe meYeer ueeskeâleebe$f ekeâ meceepeeW ceW efkeâme MeefkeäleMeeueer nefLeÙeej keâe 4. YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle ceW efkeâmekeâe efceßeCe jne nw?
meJee&efOekeâ GheÙeesie neslee nw? (a) DeeOÙeeeflcekeâlee keâe (b) Yeeweflekeâlee keâe
(a) Oeee|cekeâ keâšdšjlee keâe (b) DeeEnmee keâe (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW (d) Deleerle keâe
(c) efnbmee keâe (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR 5. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle keâer efJeefMe<šlee veneR nw
10. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe efkeâme efJe<eÙeJemleg hej DeeOeeefjle nw? (a) ueÛeerueeheve (b) ieefleMeeruelee
(a) ieebOeerpeer Deewj Yeejle (c) efmLejlee (d) «enCeMeeruelee
(b) ieebOeerpeer keâer Øeemebefiekeâlee 6. meYÙelee keâe Devegceeve efkeâmemes ueieeÙee pee mekeâlee nw?
(c) ieebOeerpeer Deewj efJeJeskeâevebo kesâ efJeÛeej (a) Yeerlejer Gvveefle mes (b) megKe-megefJeOeeDeeW mes
(d) Oece& Deewj jepeveerefle (c) hejeshekeâeefjlee mes (d) JÙeeJeneefjkeâlee mes
~moY 58 7. DeeÛeej Deewj efJeÛeej he#e keâer ØeOeevelee efkeâmeceW nesleer nw?
(a) meYÙelee ceW (b) mebmke=âefle ceW
YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle keâer meyemes yeÌ[er efJeMes<elee jner nw—‘Deveskeâlee ceW Skeâlee~’ (c) Fefleneme ceW (d) Yeeweflekeâlee ceW
ÙeÅeefhe Thejer leewj hej Yeejle kesâ efJeefYevve ØeosMeeW ceW heÙee&hle efYevvelee efoKeeF& osleer 8. Øemlegle ieÅeebMe ceW Skeâ-otmejs keâe hetjkeâ efkeâmes yeleeÙee ieÙee nw?
nw, leLeeefhe Deheves DeeÛeej-efJeÛeejeW keâer Skeâlee kesâ keâejCe ÙeneB meoe meeceeefmekeâ (a) Mejerj Deewj Deelcee keâes (b) ØeeÛeervelee Deewj DeeOegefvekeâlee keâes
mebmke=âefle keâe ™he osKeves keâes efceuelee nw~ Ùener keâejCe nw efkeâ efJeefYevveleeDeeW kesâ nesles (c) Deveskeâlee Deewj Skeâlee keâes (d) meYÙelee Deewj mebmke=âefle keâes
ngS Yeer Yeejle meefoÙeeW mes Skeâ Yeewieesefuekeâ, jepeveereflekeâ SJeb meebmke=âeflekeâ FkeâeF& kesâ
9. efkeâme efJeMes<elee kesâ keâejCe YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle efJeMJe ceW Dehevee efJeMes<e mLeeve
™he ceW efJeMJe ceW Dehevee mLeeve yeveeS ngS nw~ FmeefueS Yeejle ceW Deveskeâlee ceW jKeleer nw?
Skeâlee kesâ meowJe oMe&ve nesles nQ~ YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle ceW DeeOÙeeeflcekeâlee Deewj (a) Deveskeâlee ceW Skeâlee (b) meeceeefpekeâlee
Yeeweflekeâlee oesveeW keâe ner efceßeCe jne nw~ (c) Yeeweflekeâlee (d) DeeOegefvekeâlee
Dele: Fmekeâer ØeeÛeervelee, Fmekeâer ieefleMeeruelee, Fmekeâe ueÛeerueeheve, Fmekeâer 10. Deleerle mes efJejemele kesâ ™he ceW nce efkeâmes Øeehle keâjles nQ?
«enCeMeeruelee, Fmekeâe meeceeefpekeâ mJe™he Deewj Deveskeâlee kesâ Yeerlej ceewpeto Skeâlee (a) peerJeve keâes (b) mebmke=âefle keâes
ner Fmekeâer ØecegKe efJeMes<elee nw~ Fme efJeMes<elee kesâ keâejCe ner YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle (c) Deveskeâlee keâes (d) efJeÛeej keâes
efJeMJe ceW Dehevee Skeâ efJeefMe<š mLeeve jKeleer nw~ YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle keâe Fefleneme
yengle ØeeÛeerve nw~ JeemleJe ceW, mebmke=âefle keâe efvecee&Ce Skeâ uebyeer hejbheje kesâ yeeo neslee ~moY 59
nw~ mebmke=âefle Jemlegle: efJeÛeej Deewj DeeÛejCe kesâ Jes efveÙece Deewj cetuÙe nQ, efpevnW
Deepekeâue meyemes yeÌ[er mecemÙee heeMÛeelÙeerkeâjCe keâes DeeOegefvekeâerkeâjCe keâer Øeef›eâÙee
keâesF& meceepe Deheves Deleerle mes Øeehle keâjlee nw~ FmeefueS keâne pee mekeâlee nw efkeâ
mecePeves mebyebOeer Yetue nw~ meceepeMeem$eerÙe Âef<škeâesCe mes heeMÛeelÙeerkeâjCe SJeb
Fmes nce Deheves Deleerle mes efJejemele kesâ ™he ceW Øeehle keâjles nQ~ otmejs MeyoeW ceW keânW
DeeOegefvekeâerkeâjCe keâer Øeef›eâÙeeSB efmeæeblele: efYevve nQ, uesefkeâve JÙeeJeneefjkeâ ™he ceW
lees mebmke=âefle Skeâ efJeefMe<š peerJeve-Mewueer keâe veece nw~ Ùen Skeâ meeceeefpekeâ efJejemele
kegâÚ efYevvelee nesves kesâ yeeJepeto GveceW keâe]heâer meceevelee nw~ mejue MeyoeW ceW keânW, lees
nw, pees hejbheje mes Ûeueer Deeleer jner nw~ Yeejle ceW DeeOegefvekeâerkeâjCe keâer Øeef›eâÙee heefMÛeceerkeâjCe keâer Øeef›eâÙee Éeje ner ØeejbYe
ØeeÙe: meYÙelee Deewj mebmke=âefle keâes Skeâ ner ceeve efueÙee peelee nw, hejbleg FmeceW Yeso nw~ nesleer nw~
meYÙelee ceW ceveg<Ùe kesâ peerJeve keâe Yeeweflekeâ he#e ØeOeeve neslee nw DeLee&led meYÙelee keâe heefMÛeceerkeâjCe keâer Øeef›eâÙee ceW peneB heefMÛeceer mebmke=âefle keâe DevegkeâjCe efkeâÙee peelee
Devegceeve megKe-megefJeOeeDeeW mes ueieeÙee pee mekeâlee nw~ Fmekesâ efJehejerle mebmke=âefle ceW nw, efpemeceW DeeOegefvekeâ cetuÙeeW kesâ meeLe-meeLe kegâÚ ™efÌ{Jeeoer hejbhejeSB Yeer Meeefceue
DeeÛeej Deewj efJeÛeej he#e keâer ØeOeevelee nesleer nw~ Fme Øekeâej, ‘meYÙelee’ keâes Mejerj jnleer nQ, peyeefkeâ DeeOegefvekeâerkeâjCe keâer Øeef›eâÙee Skeâ cetuÙe Yeeefjle DeJeOeejCee nw
ceevee pee mekeâlee nw leLee ‘mebmke=âefle’ keâes Deelcee, FmeefueS Fve oesveeW keâes DeLee&led DeeOegefvekeâ cetuÙeeW keâe DevegkeâjCe keâjvee SJeb Gvekesâ Deveg™he JÙeJenej
Deueie-Deueie keâjkesâ veneR osKee pee mekeâlee~ JeemleJe ceW, oesveeW Skeâ-otmejs kesâ keâjvee DeeOegefvekeâerkeâjCe nw~ Fme lejn heefMÛeceerkeâjCe keâer Øeef›eâÙee kesâ Debleie&le
hetjkeâ nQ~
{hÝXr 55
DeeBKeW cetBokeâj heeMÛeelÙe osMeeW keâer mebmke=âefle keâe DevegkeâjCe keâjvee ner 9. YeejleerÙe meceepe hej heeMÛeelÙe mebmke=âefle keâe keäÙee mekeâejelcekeâ ØeYeeJe heÌ[e?
DeeOegefvekeâerkeâjCe veneR nw~ Ùener keâejCe nw efkeâ heefMÛeceerkeâjCe kesâ Debleie&le ceewpeto (a) efMe#ee keâe Øemeej
DeeOegefvekeâ cetuÙeeW keâe DevegkeâjCe keâjvee lees leee|keâkeâ SJeb GheÙegkeäle ueielee nw, (b) mebÛeej kesâ meeOeveeW keâe efJekeâeme
uesefkeâve heeMÛeelÙe mebmke=âefle kesâ DevÙe leòJeeW keâe DebOeevegkeâjCe DevegefÛele~ heeMÛeelÙe (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW
(d) YeeweflekeâleeJeeoer cetuÙeeW keâe Øemeej
mebmke=âefle keâe DevegkeâjCe keâjves keâer nesÌ[ ceW nce Deheveer Yee<ee, mebmke=âefle, JesMeYet<ee,
keâuee, jnve-menve, meeefnlÙe Deeefo meYeer keâes Yetue ieS nQ~ DeeOegefvekeâlee keâer 10. DeeOegefvekeâlee kesâ keâejCe efkeâmekesâ Øeefle ueesieeW keâe ueieeJe keâce neslee pee jne
Fme oewÌ[ ceW nceves Deee|Lekeâ kesâ meeLe-meeLe meebmke=âeflekeâ #es$e ceW Yeer DelÙeble Øeieefle nw?
keâer nw~ (a) keâce& kesâ (b) YeeiÙe kesâ
(c) ™efÌ{iemle Oece& kesâ (d) meceÙe kesâ
efMe#ee keâe Øemeej, mebÛeej meeOeveeW keâe efJekeâeme, YeeweflekeâJeeoer mebmke=âefle keâe ØeÛeej
Deeefo keâejkeâeW ves ™efÌ{«emle hejbhejeiele YeejleerÙe DeeoMeeX ceW Deveskeâ mekeâejelcekeâ
heefjJele&ve efkeâS nQ~ ™efÌ{«emle, Dee[byejhetCe& SJeb Deleee|keâkeâ Oece& kesâ Øeefle ueesieeW keâe ~moY 60
ueieeJe keâce neslee pee jne nw~ DeefOekeâebMe ueesie Deye YeeiÙe keâer Dehes#ee keâce& hej je<šêrÙe YeeJevee kesâ DeYÙegoÙe SJeb efJekeâeme kesâ efueS Yee<ee Yeer Skeâ ØecegKe leòJe nw~
efJeMJeeme keâjves ueies nQ~ DeeOegefvekeâlee Deepe meceÙe keâer ceeBie nw~ ceeveJe-mecegoeÙe Deheveer mebJesoveeDeeW, YeeJeveeDeeW SJeb efJeÛeejeW keâer DeefYeJÙeefkeäle nsleg
efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ Yee<ee keâe meeOeve DeheefjneÙe&le: Deheveelee nw, Fmekesâ Deefleefjkeäle Gmekesâ heeme keâesF&
DevÙe efJekeâuhe veneR nw~ efoJÙe-F&MJejerÙe DeeveboevegYetefle kesâ mebyebOe ceW Yeues ner keâyeerj
(a) DeeOegefvekeâlee keâe cenòJe
ves ‘ietBies kesâjer Meke&âje’ Gefkeäle keâe ØeÙeesie efkeâÙee Lee, hej Fmemes Gvekeâe ue#Ùe
(b) heefMÛeceerkeâjCe keâe ØeYeeJe Meyo-™he Yee<ee kesâ cenòJe keâes vekeâejvee veneR Lee~ ØelÙegle GvneWves Yee<ee keâes ‘yenlee
(c) Yeejle ceW DeeOegefvekeâlee Deewj heefMÛeceerkeâjCe keâe ØeYeeJe veerj’ keânkeâj Yee<ee keâer ieefjcee Øeefleheeefole keâer Leer~ efJeÉeveeW keâer ceevÙelee nw efkeâ
(d) heeMÛeelÙe mebmke=âefle keâer efJeMes<elee Yee<ee leòJe je<šêfnle kesâ efueS DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ efpeme Øekeâej efkeâmeer Skeâ je<š^ kesâ
2. heeMÛeelÙeerkeâjCe SJeb DeeOegefvekeâerkeâjCe keâer Øeef›eâÙee efmeæeblele: efkeâme YetYeeie keâer Yeewieesefuekeâ efJeefJeOeleeSB leLee Gmekesâ heJe&le, meeiej, meefjleeDeeW Deeefo keâer
Âef<škeâesCe mes efYevve ceeveer ieF& nw? yeeOeeSB Gme je<š^ kesâ efveJeeefmeÙeeW kesâ hejmhej efceueves-pegueves ceW DeJejesOekeâ efmeæ nes
(a) meeceeefpekeâ Âef<škeâesCe (b) jepeveereflekeâ Âef<škeâesCe mekeâleer nQ, Gmeer Øekeâej Yee<eeiele efJeefYevvelee mes Yeer Gvekesâ heejmheefjkeâ mebyebOeeW ceW
(d) meceepeMeem$eerÙe Âef<škeâesCe (d) Oeee|cekeâ Âef<škeâesCe efveyee&Oelee veneR jn heeleer~ DeeOegefvekeâ efJe%eeve-Ùegie ceW ÙeeleeÙeele SJeb mebÛeej kesâ
meeOeveeW keâer Øeieefle mes Yeewieesefuekeâ yeeOeeSB Deye henues keâer lejn yeeefOele veneR keâjleeR~
3. Yeejle ceW DeeOegefvekeâerkeâjCe keâer Øeef›eâÙee efkeâmekesâ keâejCe ØeejbYe nesleer nw?
(a) meebmke=âeflekeâ Âef<škeâesCe kesâ
Fmeer Øekeâej Ùeefo je<š^ keâer Skeâ mebheke&â Yee<ee keâe efJekeâeme nes peeS, lees heejmheefjkeâ
(b) heefMÛeceerkeâjCe keâer Øeef›eâÙee kesâ mebyebOeeW kesâ ieeflejesOe yengle meercee lekeâ meceehle nes mekeâles nQ~
(c) ™efÌ{Jeeoer hejbhejeDeeW kesâ ceeveJe-mecegoeÙe keâes Skeâ peerefJele-pee«ele SJeb peerJeble Mejerj keâer meb%ee oer pee
(d) ØeieefleJeeoer Âef<škeâesCe kesâ mekeâleer nw Deewj Gmekeâe Dehevee Skeâ efveefMÛele JÙeefkeälelJe neslee nw~ Yee<ee
4. heefMÛeceerkeâjCe keâer Øeef›eâÙee ceW keäÙee Meeefceue jnlee nw? DeefYeJÙeefkeäle kesâ ceeOÙece mes Fme JÙeefkeälelJe keâes meekeâej keâjleer nw, Gmekesâ Decetle&
(a) ™efÌ{Jeeoer hejbhejeSB (b) DeeOegefvekeâ cetuÙe ceeveefmekeâ JewÛeeefjkeâ mJe™he keâes cetle& SJeb efyebyeelcekeâ ™he Øeoeve keâjleer nw~ ceveg<ÙeeW
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW (d) meceleecetuekeâ meceepe kesâ efJeefJeOe mecegoeÙe nQ, Gvekeâer efJeefJeOe YeeJeveeSB nQ, efJeÛeejOeejeSB nQ, mebkeâuhe SJeb
5. DeeOegefvekeâerkeâjCe keâer Øeef›eâÙee ceW efkeâmes DeeOegefvekeâerkeâjCe veneR ceevee ieÙee nw? DeeoMe& nQ, GvnW Yee<ee ner DeefYeJÙekeäle keâjves ceW me#ece nesleer nw~ meeefnlÙe, Mem$e,
(a) HewâMeve keâes Deheveevee ieerle-mebieerle Deeefo ceW ceeveJe-mecegoeÙe Deheves DeeoMeeX, mebkeâuheveeDeeW,
(b) veJeerve cetuÙeeW keâes Deheveevee DeJeOeejCeeDeeW SJeb efJeefMe<šleeDeeW keâes JeeCeer oslee nw, hej keäÙee Yee<ee kesâ DeYeeJe ceW
(c) DeeBKe cetBo keâj Deheves osMe keâer mebmke=âefle keâe DevegkeâjCe keâjvee keâeJÙe, meeefnlÙe, mebieerle Deeefo keâe DeefmlelJe mebYeJe nw? Jemlegle: %eevejeefMe SJeb
(d) heeMÛeelÙe mebmke=âefle keâe DebOeevegkeâjCe keâjvee YeeJejeefMe keâe Deheej mebefÛele keâesMe efpemes meeefnlÙe keâe DeefYeOeeve efoÙee peelee nw,
6. heefMÛeceerkeâjCe kesâ Debleie&le keäÙee keâjvee leee|keâkeâ SJeb GheÙegkeäle ueielee nw? Meyo ™he ner lees nw~ Dele: Fme mebyebOe ceW Jewcelme keâer eEkeâefÛeled iegbpeeFMe veneR nw efkeâ
(a) DeeOegefvekeâ cetuÙeeW keâe DevegkeâjCe keâjvee Yee<ee ner Skeâ Ssmee meeOeve nw, efpememes ceveg<Ùe Skeâ-otmejs kesâ efvekeâš Dee mekeâles nQ,
(b) heefMÛeceer mebmke=âefle keâe DevegkeâjCe keâjvee GveceW hejmhej Ieefve<"lee mLeeefhele nes mekeâleer nw~ Ùener keâejCe nw efkeâ Skeâ Yee<ee
(c) ™efÌ{Jeeoer hejbheje keâe lÙeeie keâjvee yeesueves SJeb mecePeves Jeeues ueesie hejmhej SkeâevegYetefle jKeles nQ, Gvekesâ efJeÛeejeW ceW
(d) heeMÛeelÙe mebmke=âefle kesâ DevÙe leòJeeW keâe DebOeevegkeâjCe keâjvee SskeäÙe jnlee nw~ Dele: je<šêrÙe YeeJevee kesâ efJekeâeme kesâ efueS Yee<ee leòJe hejce
7. heeMÛeelÙe mebmke=âefle keâe DevegkeâjCe keâjves keâe keäÙee heefjCeece meeceves DeeÙee nw? DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~
(a) Deheveer mebmke=âefle keâes Yetue ieS (b) Deheves meeefnlÙe keâes Yetue ieS efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efveoxMeevegmeej efJekeâuheeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(c) Deheveer JesMeYet<ee keâes Yetue ieS (d) Ùes meYeer
1. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej, YeeJe SJeb efJeÛeej-efJeefveceÙe keâe me#ece meeOeve efkeâmes
8. DeeOegefvekeâlee keâer oewÌ[ ceW nceves efkeâme #es$e ceW Øeieefle keâer nw? ceevee ieÙee nw?
(a) meeceeefpekeâ (b) Oeee|cekeâ
(a) keâeJÙe SJeb meeefnlÙe keâes (b) ueefuele keâueeDeeW keâes
(c) Deee|Lekeâ (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR (c) Meyo ™heer Yee<ee keâes (d) Øeleerkeâ SJeb mebkesâle keâes
2. ‘ietBies kesâjer Meke&âje’ mes keâyeerj keâe keäÙee DeefYeØeeÙe nw? 6. ‘Yee<ee yenlee veerj’ mes keäÙee DeeMeÙe nw?
(a) yeÇÿeevebo keâer DevegYetefle ceewveJeÇle mes Øeehle nesleer nw (a) lelmeceefve<" Yee<ee (b) ueeefuelÙehetCe& Yee<ee
(b) yeÇÿeevebo keâer DevegYetefle DelÙeble ceOegj nesleer nw (c) mejue-ØeJeenceÙeer Yee<ee (d) efkeäue<šleehetCe& Yee<ee
(c) ietBiee JÙeefkeäle DeefYeJÙeefkeäle kesâ efueS keâmecemeelee jnlee nw
7. je<šêrÙe YeeJevee kesâ efJekeâeme kesâ efueS Yee<ee leòJe keâes DeeJeMÙekeâ keäÙeeW ceevee
(d) yeÇÿeevebo keâer DevegYetefle DeefveJe&ÛeveerÙe nesleer nw
ieÙee nw?
3. ceveg<Ùe kesâ heeme Deheves YeeJeeW, efJeÛeejeW, DeeoMeeX Deeefo keâes megjef#ele jKeves keâe (a) Jen %eevejeefMe keâe Deheej Yeb[ej nw
meMekeäle ceeOÙece keäÙee nw? (b) Jen Meyo ™hee nw Deewj GmeceW meeefnlÙe mepe&vee mebYeJe nw
(a) Yee<ee Deewj Mewueer (c) Jen ceeveJe mecegoeÙe keâer efJeÛeejeefYeJÙeefkeäle keâe meeOeve nw
(b) meeefnlÙe Deewj keâuee (d) Jen ceeveJe mecegoeÙe ceW SkeâevegYetefle Deewj efJeÛeej SskeäÙe keâe meeOeve nw
(c) meeefnlÙe Meem$e SJeb mebieerle
8. je<š^ keâer Skeâ mebheke&â Yee<ee keâe efJekeâeme nesves keâe keäÙee heefjCeece nesiee?
(d) JÙeefkeälelJe SJeb Ûeefj$e
(a) heejmheefjkeâ mebyebOeeW keâe ieeflejesOekeâ meceehle nes peeSiee
4. Yee<ee leòJe kesâ DeYeeJe ceW efkeâmekeâe DeefmlelJe mebYeJe veneR nw? (b) Debleje&<šêrÙe mebyebOeeW ceW efJeIve Glhevve nes peeSiee
(a) ceeveJeerÙe DeeoMeeX keâe (c) je<š^ keâer Øeieefle DeJe®æ nes peeSieer
(b) ceeveJe jefÛele meeefnlÙe keâe (d) meeefnlÙe keâe mJe™he efmeceškeâj jn peeSiee
(c) ceeveJeerÙe mebJesoveeDeeW keâe
9. je<šêrÙe YeeJevee kesâ efJekeâeme kesâ efueS keäÙee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw?
(d) ceeveJe JÙeefkeälelJe keâe
(a) meeefnlÙe (b) Yee<ee
5. ieÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej meeefnlÙe efkeâmes keâne ieÙee nw? (c) mebmke=âefle (d) mebieerle
(a) ceeveJeerÙe mebJesoveeDeeW keâe hetBpeerYetle ™he
(b) %eevejeefMe SJeb YeeJejeefMe keâe mebefÛele keâesMe
(a) Yee<ee yenlee veerj (b) meeefnlÙe Deewj Yee<ee
(c) DeeveboevegYetefle keâer DeefYeJÙeefkeäle
(c) je<šêrÙelee Deewj Yee<ee leòJe (d) je<š^ keâe efJekeâeme
(d) ceeveJeerÙe ceeveefmekeâlee keâe eEyeyeelcekeâ ™he
{hÝXr 57
An{R>V nÚm§e
ketâÌ[s kesâ {sj mes yeÛÛes keâes keäÙee Øeehle ngDee?
nÚm§e 1 8.
(a) cetuÙeJeeve Jemleg (b) yeemeer jesšer
ketâÌ[s kesâ {sj mes ØeoMe&veer ceWs efÛe$e, (c) efKeueewves (d) kegâÚ veneR
kegâÚ Ûegveles ngS yeÛÛes keâes osKe cebÛe hej keâefJelee,
Skeâ efÛe$ekeâej ves Deewj nÚm§e 2
keâ®CeeceÙe efÛe$e yevee [euee~ heef$ekeâe ceW Úheer Pehešlee yee]pe [eue hej Gueše ueškeâ
keâefJe ves keâneveer keâes Ketye mejene~ Heâve G"eS meeBhe Heâue kegâlejlee leeslee
Skeâ ceeefce&keâ jÛevee jÛe [eueer~ hej Gme yeÛÛes ves efÛe$e, oes hewj hej KeÌ[er Ùee Fve meye keâer peien
Skeâ keâneveerkeâej ves keâefJelee Deewj keâneveer mes keäÙee keâeBšeW mes vevneR heefòeÙeeB Keeleer Deeoceer neslee~
‘Gmeer yeÛÛes’ hej heeÙee? yekeâjer, peye Yeer YetKe mes ueÌ[ves
keâeuepeÙeer Jees Deye Yeer ueiee nw…… oyes heeBJe PeeefÌ[ÙeeW ceW Ûeuelee keâesF& KeÌ[e nes peelee
keâneveer keâner~ JeneR ketâÌ[s kesâ {sj ceW kegâÚ Keespeves ceW~ Ûeerlee; megboj oerKeves ueielee nw~
pevelee ves Gmes kegâÚ efceuee, veneR!!!
1. yee]pe leLee meeBhe ceW keâefJe keâes keâewve-mee meeQoÙe& ve]pej Deelee nw?
1. efÛe$ekeâej, keâneveerkeâej leLee keâefJe kesâ keâeÙe& hej pevelee ves keäÙee Øeefleef›eâÙee (a) pegPee® ØeJe=efòe keâe JeemleefJekeâ SJeb ieefjceehetCe& meeQoÙe&
JÙekeäle keâer? (b) JÙeekegâue neskeâj efvemlespe ™he keâe meeQoÙe&
(a) pevelee Gvekesâ keâeÙeeX mes ›eâesefOele nes ieF& (c) mJeÙeb keâes DemeneÙe mecePeves keâe meeQoÙe&
(b) pevelee ves Gvekesâ keâeÙe& keâer Ketye ØeMebmee keâer (d) hejeOeerve nesves keâe meeQoÙe&
(c) pevelee keâe ùoÙe õefJele nes ieÙee 2. heÅeebMe ceW heMeg-heef#eÙeeW keâer ÛeÛee& efkeâme meboYe& ceW keâer ieF& nw?
(d) pevelee DekeâejCe ner eEÛeeflele nes ieF& (a) YetKe mes ueÌ[ves kesâ meboYe& ceW
2. Øemlegle heÅeebMe keâe keWâõerÙe efJe<eÙe keäÙee nw? (b) efMekeâej keâjves kesâ meboYe& ceW
(a) pevelee keâer ®efÛe-De®efÛe (b) yeeue ßece ceW JÙeleerle yeÛeheve (c) Øeeke=âeflekeâ meeQoÙe& kesâ meboYe& ceW
(c) meeefnlÙe keâer Glke=â<š jÛevee (d) ØeoMe&ve keâer cenòee (d) ceveg<Ùe mes Deeies yeÌ{ves kesâ meboYe& ceW
3. Deble ceW yeÛÛes keâer efmLeefle ceW keäÙee heefjJele&ve DeeÙee? 3. YetKe mes ueÌ[lee heMeg-he#eer Ùee ceveg<Ùe keâefJe keâes kewâmee ueielee nw?
(a) yeÛÛes keâes keâece mes Úgškeâeje efceue ieÙee (a) kegâ™he (b) megboj
(b) yeÛÛes kesâ keâece keâer mejenvee ngF& (c) eEÛeeflele (d) menpe
(c) yeÛÛes keâe YeefJe<Ùe megOej ieÙee 4. heÅeebMe ceW oyes heeBJe PeeefÌ[ÙeeW mes Ûeuelee ngDee keâewve Deelee nw?
(d) yeÛÛes keâer efmLeefle ceW keâesF& heefjJele&ve veneR DeeÙee (a) leeslee (b) yekeâjer
4. yeÛÛes keâer oMee keâes osKekeâj keâneveerkeâej ves keäÙee efkeâÙee? (c) Ûeerlee (d) yee]pe
(a) meceepe ceW Gme yeÛÛes keâes mLeeve efoueeÙee 5. keâefJe YetKe mes ueÌ[ves keâes efkeâmekesâ Øeleerkeâ kesâ ¤he ceW osKelee nw?
(b) yeÛÛes kesâ Jele&ceeve ceW yeoueeJe ueeÙee (a) Øeeke=âeflekeâ ieefleefJeefOeÙeeW kesâ ¤he ceW
(c) yeÛÛes hej keâeuepeÙeer keâneveer keâner (b) mebIe<e& Je ÂÌ{lee kesâ ¤he ceW
(d) meceepe keâes peeie™keâ keâjves keâe keâeÙe& efkeâÙee (c) efnbmekeâ peeveJejeW kesâ Øeleerkeâ kesâ ¤he ceW
5. yeÛÛes keâer ceeefce&keâ oMee keâes osKekeâj keâefJe ves efkeâme Øekeâej keâer jÛevee
keâer? 6. Øemlegle heÅeebMe keâe cetueYeeJe keäÙee nw?
(a) ØesjCeemheo (b) Øeleerkeâelcekeâ (a) peerJeve-mebIe<e& (b) Deeoceer keâer JÙeLee
(c) ceeefce&keâ (d) megKeelcekeâ (c) YegKecejer (d) Deeoceer-heMeg ceW meceevelee
6. pevelee ves yeÛÛes kesâ keâe®efCekeâ efÛe$e keâes keâneB osKee? 7. keâefJe ves Jele&ceeve meceÙe keâer efkeâme mecemÙee keâes efÛeef$ele efkeâÙee nw?
(a) cebÛe hej (b) ketâÌ[s kesâ {sj kesâ heeme (a) YetKe keâer mecemÙee
(c) Iej kesâ Deeme-heeme (d) ØeoMe&veer ceW (b) penjerues meeBhe keâer mecemÙee
(c) pebieueeW ceW peeveJejeW kesâ DeYeeJe keâer mecemÙee
7. Øemlegle heÅeebMe ceW efkeâme yeÛÛes keâer yeele keâer ieF& nw? (d) megboj efoKeves keâer mecemÙee
(a) kegâÚ heeves keâer DeeMee mes ketâÌ[s kesâ {sj mes kegâÚ Ûegveles yeÛÛes keâer 8. Øemlegle heÅeebMe ceW yekeâjer ves heefòeÙeeW keâe Yeespeve keâneB mes Øeehle efkeâÙee?
(b) ieefueÙeeW ceW yeshejJeen Kesueles yeÛÛeeW keâer (a) hetâueeW mes (b) hesÌ[eW mes
(c) keâeJÙe-jÛevee keâjles Skeâ Úesšs yeÛÛes keâer (c) Oejleer mes (d) keâeBšeW mes
(d) nleeslmeeefnle yeÛÛes keâer
8. ‘ueesieeW ves lees yesÛe efoS F&ceeve’–hebefkeäle efkeâme Deesj mebkesâle keâjleer nw
nÚm§e 3 (a) heleveesvcegKeer meceepe (b) GheYeeskeäleeJeeoer meceepe
peer neB ngpetj, ceQ ieerle yesÛelee ntB, (c) JemlegJeeoer meceepe (d) Ùes meYeer
ceQ lejn-lejn kesâ ieerle yesÛelee ntB,
ceQ efkeâmce-efkeâmce kesâ ieerle yesÛelee ntB, nÚm§e 4
peer, ceeue osefKeS, oece yeleeTBiee,
yeskeâece veneR nQ, keâece yeleeTBiee, ceevees, pevelee nw hetâue efpemes Denmeeme veneR,
kegâÚ ieerle efueKes nQ cemleer ceW ceQves, peye Ûeenes leYeer Gleej mepee uees oesveeW ceW;
kegâÚ ieerle efueKes nQ hemleer ceW ceQves, DeLeJee keâesF& ogOecegBner efpemes yenueeves kesâ
Ùen ieerle meKle oo& YegueeSiee, peblej-ceblej meerefcele neW Ûeej efKeueewveeW ceW~
Ùen ieerle efheÙee keâes heeme yegueeSiee, uesefkeâve neslee Yet[esue, yeJeb[j G"les nQ,
peer, henues kegâÚ Mece& ueieer cegPekeâes! pevelee peye keâesheekegâue nes Ye=kegâefš ÛeÌ{eleer nw;
hej yeeo-yeeo ceW Dekeäue peieer cegPekeâes; oes jen meceÙe kesâ jLe keâe IeIe&j-veeo megvees,
peer, ueesieeW ves lees yesÛe efoS F&ceeve, efmebnemeve Keeueer keâjes efkeâ pevelee Deeleer nw~
peer, Deehe ve neW megvekeâj ]pÙeeoe nwjeve~ nBgkeâejeW mes cenueeW keâer veeRJe GKeÌ[ peeleer,
meeBmeeW kesâ yeue mes leepe nJee ceW GÌ[lee nw,
1. keâefJe ieerle yesÛeves keâes cepeyetj keäÙeeW ngDee? pevelee keâer jeskesâ jen, meceÙe ceW leeJe keâneB?
(a) keâefJe keâes keâesF& DevÙe keâeÙe& veneR Deelee
(b) Jele&ceeve JÙeJemLee veweflekeâ cetuÙeeW keâer keâõ veneR keâjleer Jen efpeOej Ûeenleer, keâeue GOej ner cegÌ[lee nw~
(c) meceepe ceW meye kegâÚ efyekeâeT nw DeyoeW, MeleeefyoÙeeW, menœeeyo keâe DebOekeâej
(d) keâefJe kesâ heeme efYevve-efYevve Øekeâej kesâ ieerle nQ yeerlee; ieJee#e Debyej kesâ onkesâ peeles nQ;
Ùen Deewj veneR keâesF&, pevelee kesâ mJehve DepeÙe
2. keâefJe ves Deheves ieerleeW keâer keäÙee efJeMes<elee yeleeF& nw?
(a) cemleer Yejs ieerle Ûeerjles efleefcej keâe Je#e GceÌ[les peeles nQ~
(b) oo& Yegueeves Jeeues ieerle 1. pevelee keâer leguevee Hetâue mes keäÙeeW keâer ieF& nw?
(c) efheÙee keâes heeme yegueeves Jeeues ieerle (a) pevelee Hetâue kesâ meceeve keâesceue nesleer nw
(d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer (b) pevelee Hetâue kesâ meceeve mebJesovenerve nesleer nw
3. Øemlegle heÅeebMe ceW efkeâme hej JÙebiÙe efkeâÙee ieÙee nw? (c) Hetâue keâer lejn pevelee keâes keâYeer efmej-DeeBKeeW hej efye"eÙee peelee nw, lees
(a) keâefJe keâer ieerle yesÛeves keâer ØeJe=efòe hej keâYeer veerÛes efieje efoÙee peelee nw
(b) DeewÅeesefiekeâ hetBpeerJeeoer JÙeJemLee hej peneB meye kegâÚ efyekeâeT nw (d) Hetâue leLee pevelee oesveeW ceW ØeeCe nesles nQ
(c) ieerleeW kesâ efJeefYevve ØekeâejeW hej 2. pevelee kesâ ›eâesOe keâe keäÙee heefjCeece neslee nw?
(d) oece ueieeves Jeeues keâefJeÙeeW hej (a) Jen meòee keâes yeoue osleer nw
4. Øemlegle heÅeebMe keâe cetue YeeJe keäÙee nw? (b) Jen meceepe ceW leveeJe Glhevve keâj osleer nw
(a) ieerleeW keâes yesÛeves keâe keâeÙe& keâjvee (c) Jen meceepe keâes Deveweflekeâ yevee osleer nw
(b) Jele&ceeve YeeweflekeâJeeoer JÙeJemLee keâe efJejesOe keâjvee (d) Jen mJeÙeb kesâ efJe<eÙe ceW Yeer veneR meesÛeleer nw
(c) ieerlekeâej kesâ og:Ke keâer DeefYeJÙeefkeäle keâjvee 3. keâefJe efkeâmes ÛesleeJeveer os jne nw?
(d) ieerle kesâ Øekeâej keâe DeefleMeÙeesefkeälehetCe& JeCe&ve keâjvee (a) ›eâesefOele pevelee keâes
5. Øemlegle heÅeebMe ceW keâefJe efkeâme mecemÙee mes JÙeefLele nw? (b) meceÙe keâes
(a) keâeJÙe-efJe<eÙe keâer mecemÙee mes (c) Meemekeâ Jeie& keâes
(b) efJe<eÙe-Jemleg kesâ ÛegveeJe keâer mecemÙee mes (d) Meesef<ele Jeie& keâes
(c) yeepeejJeeo keâer mecemÙee mes 4. pevelee keâe ceeie& jeskeâves keâer efnccele efkeâmeceW veneR nw?
(d) ieerle yesÛeves keâer mecemÙee mes (a) keâefJe ceW
6. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve-meer keâefJe kesâ ieerleeW keâer efJeMes<elee veneR nw? (b) meceepe ceW
(a) meeLe&keâlee (c) meceÙe ceW
(b) efJeefJeOelee (d) Meemekeâ Jeie& ceW
(c) heerÌ[e keâe efveJeejCe keâjves Jeeuee 5. MeleeefyoÙeeW mes hewâuee DebOekeâej efkeâme Øekeâej otj nes jne nw?
(d) efvejLe&keâlee (a) MenjeW leLee ieeBJeeW lekeâ efyepeueer keâe Øemeej nesves kesâ keâejCe
7. Øemlegle heÅeebMe ceW keâefJe ves efkeâmekeâer ogo&Mee keâes DeefYeJÙekeäle efkeâÙee nw? (b) pevelee Éeje Deheves DeefOekeâejeW keâe ØeÙeesie efkeâS peeves kesâ keâejCe
(a) efJe›esâlee keâer (b) keâuee Deewj keâueekeâej keâer (c) De%eeveer pevelee Éeje mecePeewlee keâjves keâer efJeJeMeleeDeeW kesâ keâejCe
(c) «eenkeâ keâer (d) pevemeeceevÙe Jeie& keâer (d) Mees<ekeâeW Éeje pevelee keâes Oeve keâes ueeueÛe osves kesâ keâejCe
{hÝXr 59
6. ‘peblej-ceblej meerefcele nes Ûeej efKeueewveeW ceW’–hebefkeäle ceW efveefnle cetueYeeJe 6. heÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej Deheveer Yee<ee kesâ %eeve kesâ efyevee keäÙee neslee nw?
keäÙee nw? (a) cetÌ{lee keâe Meeskeâ efcešlee nw
(a) JeeÙeos cee$e keâjkesâ pevelee keâes yenueevee (b) ùoÙe keâe og:Ke otj veneR neslee
(b) yeÛÛeeW keâes efKeueewves yeeBšvee (c) ceveg<Ùe %eeveJeeve yeve peelee nw
(c) YeejleerÙe pevelee yeÛÛeeW kesâ meceeve keâce]peesj nw (d) JÙeefkeäle meJe&iegCe mebhevve yeve peelee nw
(d) efKeueewves ¤heer megboj yeeleeW Éeje Meemekeâ Jeie& keâes Deekeâef<e&le keâjvee 7. ceele=Yee<ee kesâ meboYe& ceW efvecve ceW mes keâewve-mee keâLeve DevegheÙegkeäle nw?
7. YeejleerÙe pevelee kesâ mJehve kewâmes nQ? (a) ceele=Yee<ee kesâ %eeve kesâ efyevee ceveg<Ùe De%eeveer jnlee nw
(a) DepeÙe (b) ceele=Yee<ee kesâ efyevee %eeve Øeeefhle DemebYeJe nw
(b) efpemes Deemeeveer mes peerlee pee mekesâ (c) ceele=Yee<ee kesâ %eeve mes JÙeefkeäle keâer Gvveefle mebYeJe veneR nw
(c) peÙe (d) ceele=Yee<ee kesâ %eeve mes MeerIeÇ efJeÅee Øeehle nes peeleer nw
(d) keâefuhele 8. Øemlegle heÅeebMe ceW keâefJe efkeâme Yee<ee keâes Deheveeves kesâ efueS Øesefjle keâj jne nw?
8. pevelee kesâ ngbkeâejeW mes cenueeW keâer veeRJe GKeÌ[ves keâe keäÙee DeefYeØeeÙe nw? (a) mebmke=âle Yee<ee keâes (b) ceele=Yee<ee keâes
(a) DelÙeeÛeej menve keâjvee (b) Mees<ekeâeW kesâ Iej leesÌ[vee (c) leefceue Yee<ee keâes (d) Deb«espeer Yee<ee keâes
(c) DeMeebefle hewâueevee (d) meòee efÚvevee
nÚm§e 5 nÚm§e 6
efvepe Yee<ee Gvveefle Denw, meye Gvveefle keâes cetue~ ceQ ntB Gvekesâ meeLe KeÌ[er pees meerOeer jKeles Deheveer jerÌ{~
efyeveg efvepe Yee<ee %eeve kesâ, efcešw ve efnÙe keâes metue~~ pees meerOeer jKeles Deheveer jerÌ{~ efveYe&Ùe nes Ieesef<ele keâjles
heÌ{s mebmke=âle peleve keâefj, hebef[le Yes efJeKÙeele~ keâYeer veneR pees lepe mekeâles nQ pees Deheves Godieej-efJeÛeej
hew efvepe Yee<ee %eeve efyeve, keâefn ve mekeâle Fkeâ yeele~~ Dehevee vÙeeÙeesefÛele DeefOekeâej efpevekeâer efpe£e hej neslee nw
Deb«es]peer heÌ{ kewâ peoefhe, meye iegve nesle Øeyeerve~ keâYeer veneR pees men mekeâles nQ Gvekesâ Deblej keâe Debieej
hew efvepe Yee<ee %eeve efyeve jnle nerve kesâ nerve~~ MeerMe veJeekeâj DelÙeeÛeej veneR efpevnW Ûeghe keâj mekeâleer nw
Skeâ Yee<ee Fkeâ peerJe ceefle meye Iej kesâ ueesie~ Skeâ Dekesâues neW Ùee Gvekesâ DeeleleeefÙeÙeeW keâer MeceMeerj
leyew yevele nw meyeve meeW, efcešle cetÌ{lee meesie~~ meeLe KeÌ[er nes Yeejer YeerÌ[ ceQ ntB Gvekesâ meeLe KeÌ[er,
Deewj Skeâ Deefle ueeYe Ùen ÙeeceW Øeieš ueKeele~ ceQ ntB Gvekesâ meeLe KeÌ[er pees meerOeer jKeles Deheveer jerÌ{~
efvepe Yee<ee ceW keâerefpeS, pees efJeÅee keâer yeele~~
1. mebmke=âle heÌ{ves JeeueeW keâes keâefJe ves keäÙee ceevee nw? 1. heÅeebMe kesâ ceeOÙece mes keäÙee mebosMe efoÙee ieÙee nw?
(a) efJeÉeve (b) JeeCeer efJenerve hebef[le (a) Meesef<ele keâes GKeeÌ[ HeWâkeâves keâe
(c) cetKe& (d) De%eeveer (b) Deelcej#ee kesâ efueS leueJeej G"eves keâe
(c) DevÙeeÙe, DelÙeeÛeej Deewj DeceeveJeerÙe ke=âlÙeeW keâe efve[jleehetJe&keâ meecevee
2. cetKe&lee Deewj Meeskeâ keâe Meceve keâjves keâer efJeefMe<šlee mes Ùegkeäle keâewve neslee nw? keâjves keâe
(a) %eeveer peve (b) De%eeveer peve (d) ÛegheÛeehe meye kegâÚ menve keâjles peeves keâe
(c) Deheveer Yee<ee (d) Deb«espeer Yee<ee
2. efveYe&Ùe neskeâj efJeÛeej Øekeâš keâjves JeeueeW keâer keäÙee efJeMes<elee nesleer nw?
3. ‘Deb«espeer heÌ{ kewâ peoefhe, meye iegCe nesle ØeJeerve’ keâe keäÙee leelheÙe& nw? (a) Gvekesâ Deblej ceW Deelceyeue keâe DeeOeej megÂÌ{ neslee nw
(a) Deb«espeer Yee<ee heÌ{keâj ner %eeve Øeehle nes mekeâlee nw (b) Gvekesâ ùoÙe ceW keâneR-ve-keâneR YeÙe yevee jnlee nw
(b) Deb«espeer Yee<ee kesâ ceeOÙece mes DeeOegefvekeâ %eeve-efJe%eeve keâer yeeleW meerKeer pee (c) Gvekesâ efJeÛeej eEnmee Hewâueeves Jeeues nesles nQ
mekeâleer nQ (d) GveceW ceeveefmekeâ Meefkeäle keâce nesleer nw
(c) kesâJeue Deb«espeer Yee<ee ner Gvveefle keâe DeeOeej nw
(d) Deb«espeer Yee<ee kesâ %eeve mes YeejleerÙeeW keâer Gvveefle veneR nes mekeâleer
3. ‘DeeleleeefÙeÙeeW keâer MeceMeerj’ mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw?
(a) DeelebkeâJeeefoÙeeW keâer efJeÛeejOeeje
4. keâefJe Éeje efvepe Yee<ee ceW efJeÅee keâer yeele keâes cenòJe osves keâe keäÙee keâejCe nes (b) DeefOekeâeefjÙeeW keâer pegyeeve
mekeâlee nw? (c) efJejesefOeÙeeW keâer leueJeej
(a) DevÙe Yee<ee keâe yeefn<keâej keâjvee (d) ›eâebeflekeâejer efJeÛeejOeeje
(b) Deheveer Yee<ee ceW mebØes<eCe keâer megiecelee DeefOekeâ nesleer nw
(c) Deheveer Yee<ee keâes efJeMJe keâer meJe&ßes<" Yee<ee efmeæ keâjvee
4. DelÙeeÛeej menve ve keâjves JeeueeW kesâ Øeefle keâJeefÙe$eer keâer keäÙee Øeefleef›eâÙee
(d) keâef"ve efJe<eÙe DevÙe Yee<ee ceW peuoer mecePe Deelee nw nesleer nw?
(a) Jen Gvekesâ meeLe KeÌ[er nesleer nw
5. keâefJe ves meYeer Gvveefle keâe cetue efkeâmes ceevee nw? (b) Jen Gvekesâ efJe®æ KeÌ[er nesleer nw
(a) mebmke=âle Yee<ee keâes (b) Deb«espeer Yee<ee keâes (c) Jen Gvemes meerOes cegBn yeele veneR keâjleer nw
(c) ceele=Yee<ee keâes (d) «eeceerCe Yee<ee keâes (d) Jen Gve hej efJeMJeeme veneR keâjleer nw
5. meerOeer jerÌ{ jKeves mes keâefJe keâe keäÙee DeefYeØeeÙe nw? (c) keâefJe keâes hegvepe&vce keâer yeeleW Ùeeo Dee ieF&
(a) meerOee KeÌ[e nesvee (b) meerOeer yeele keânvee (d) keâefJe ceW meenme Deewj Glmeen peeie=le nes ieÙee
(c) DeefYeceeveer nesvee (d) DeelceefveYe&j nesvee 3. ‘pees efkeâÙee, Gmeer keâes keâjves keâer cepeyetjer Leer’ hebefkeäle mes keäÙee YeeJe Øekeâš nes
6. heÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej keâefJelee efkeâmekesâ meeLe ceW KeÌ[er nw? jne nw?
(a) heefjefmLeefleÙeeW mes mecePeewlee keâjves JeeueeW kesâ meeLe (a) keâefJe Øemevve neskeâj ef›eâÙee-keâueehe keâj jne nw
(b) mJehve peiele ceW KeesS JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ meeLe (b) keâefJe keâer Deheveer cepeyetjer mhe<š nes jner nw
(c) DevÙeeÙe Deewj DelÙeeÛeej keâjves JeeueeW kesâ meeLe (c) keâefJe menpe YeeJe mes heefjefmLeefleÙeeW keâes mJeerkeâej veneR keâjlee
(d) melÙe SJeb vÙeeÙe heLe hej Deef[ie jnves JeeueeW kesâ meeLe (d) keâefJe DekeâejCe ner eEÛeeflele nes peelee nw
7. keâefJe kesâ Devegmeej, Deheves efJeÛeejeW keâes efkeâme Øekeâej DeefYeJÙekeäle keâjvee 5. Skeâ efove keâefJe ves mJeÙeb keâes keâneB heeÙee?
ÛeeefnS? (a) ogefveÙee ¤heer cesues ceW (b) ceeveJeerÙe YeeJeveeDeeW kesâ yeerÛe
(a) YeÙehetJe&keâ (b) efveYe&Ùe neskeâj (c) yeenj keâer "suee-hesueer ceW (d) YeeJeeW keâer GLeue-hegLeue ceW
(c) mebosnhetJe&keâ (d) mebkeâesÛe kesâ meeLe 6. keâefJe kesâ ùoÙe ceW efkeâme Øekeâej keâe ÉbÉ Ûeue jne Lee?
8. keâJeefÙe$eer keäÙee menve ve keâj heeves Jeeues ueesieeW kesâ meeLe KeÌ[er nw? (a) ogefveÙee keâe (b) leke&â-efJeleke&â keâe
(a) ØesceYeeJe (b) mebIe<e& (c) YeeJeeW keâe (d) yegje-Yeuee meesÛeves keâe
(c) DelÙeeÛeej (d) Debieejs 7. keâefJe ves keâneB yenvee Meg¤ keâj efoÙee?
(a) ogefveÙee kesâ jsues ceW (b) ogefveÙee keâer YeerÌ[ ceW
(c) veefoÙeesb ceW (d) efJeÛeejeW kesâ letheâeve ceW
nÚm§e 7 8. keâefJe keäÙee osKekeâj DeÛebefYele nes ieÙee?
peerJeve keâer DeeheeOeeheer ceW keâye Je]keäle efceuee (a) ceeveJeerÙe ieefleefJeefOeÙeeW keâes (b) DeeefLe&keâ uesve-osve keâes
kegâÚ osj keâneR hej yew" keâYeer Ùen meesÛe meketBâ (c) YeerÌ[ keâes (d) Ùes meYeer
pees efkeâÙee, keâne, ceevee GmeceW keäÙee yegje Yeuee~
efpeme efove cesjer Ûeslevee peieer ceQves osKee
ceQ KeÌ[e ngDee ntB Fme ogefveÙee kesâ cesues ceW, nÚm§e 8
nj Skeâ ÙeneB hej Skeâ Yegueeves ceW Yetuee Ùen nej Skeâ efJejece nw, peerJeve cenemeb«eece nw,
nj Skeâ ueiee nw Deheveer Deheveer os-ues ceW efleue-efleue efceštBiee hej oÙee keâer YeerKe ceQ uetBiee veneR~
kegâÚ osj jne nkeäkeâe-yekeäkeâe, YeewÛekeäkeâe-mee, Jejoeve ceeietBiee veneR~
Dee ieÙee keâneB, keäÙee keâ¤B ÙeneB, peeTB efkeâme pee? keäÙee nej ceW keäÙee peerle ceW, eEkeâefÛele veneR YeÙeYeerle ceQ,
efheâj Skeâ lej]heâ mes DeeÙee ner lees Oekeäkeâe-mee mebIe<e& heLe hej pees efceues Jen Yeer mener, Ùen Yeer mener~
ceQves Yeer yenvee Meg¤ efkeâÙee Gme jsues ceW, Jejoeve ceeietBiee veneR~
keäÙee yeenj keâer "suee-hesueer ner kegâÚ keâce Leer, ueIeglee ve cesjer Deye ÚgDees,
pees Yeerlej Yeer YeeJeeW keâe Tneheesn ceÛee, legce nes ceneved, yeves jnes,
pees efkeâÙee, Gmeer keâes keâjves keâer cepeyetjer Leer, Deheves ùoÙe keâer Jesovee ceQ JÙeLe& lÙeeietBiee veneR~
pees keâne, Jener ceve kesâ Deboj mes Gyeue Ûeuee, Jejoeve ceeietBiee veneR~
peerJeve keâer DeeheeOeeheer ceW keâye Je]keäle efceuee Ûeens ùoÙe keâes leehe oes,
kegâÚ osj keâneR hej yew" keâYeer Ùen meesÛe meketBâ Ûeens cegPes DeefYeMeehe oes,
pees efkeâÙee, keâne, ceevee GmeceW keäÙee yegje Yeuee~ kegâÚ Yeer keâjes keâòe&JÙe-heLe mes eEkeâleg YeeietBiee veneR~
1. heÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej keâefJe keâes efkeâmekesâ efueS meceÙe veneR efceuee? Jejoeve ceeietBiee veneR~
(a) Deheves heefjJeej kesâ efJe<eÙe ceW meesÛeves keâe
(b) MeebeflehetJe&keâ yew"keâj DeelceeEÛeleve keâjves keâe 1. heÅeebMe ceW keâefJe ves nej efkeâmes ceevee nw?
(c) mebmeej keâer megKe-megefJeOeeSB Yeesieves keâe (a) lÙeeie keâes (b) efJejece keâes
(d) ueesieeW kesâ efJeÛeejeW keâes megveves-mecePeves keâe (c) Jejoeve keâes (d) DeefYeMeehe keâes
2. keâefJe keâes ogefveÙee keâe ™he efkeâmekesâ meceeve ueiee? 2. keâefJe ves nej Deewj peerle kesâ ceeOÙece mes keäÙee yeleeves keâe ØeÙeeme efkeâÙee nw?
(a) mJeie& kesâ meceeve (b) vejkeâ kesâ meceeve (a) peerJeve kesâ heLe hej nej-peerle pees Yeer efceues Gmes men<e& mJeerkeâej keâj uesvee
(c) cesues kesâ meceeve (d) yee]peej kesâ meceeve ÛeeefnS
(b) peerJeve ceW nej mes YeÙeYeerle nes peevee ÛeeefnS
3. Ûeslevee peeieves hej keâefJe keâer keäÙee efmLeefle ngF&? (c) peerJeve ceW peerle hej DeefOekeâ Øemevve veneR nesvee ÛeeefnS
(a) keâefJe keâes mecePe veneR DeeÙee efkeâ keäÙee keâjvee nw keäÙee veneR (d) peerJeve heLe hej nej efveefMÛele nw
(b) keâefJe keâes Deelce%eeve Øeehle nes ieÙee
{hÝXr 61
3. keâòe&JÙe keâer jen hej Ûeueles ngS keâefJe keäÙee mebkeâuhe OeejCe keâjlee nw? 2. heÅeebMe ceW efkeâve ueesieeW keâes megKeer keâjves keâe mebkeâuhe efueÙee ieÙee nw?
(a) Fme ceeie& ceW keâ<š Deeves hej Jen Dehevee ceeie& yeoue uesiee (a) pees ueesie iejerye SJeb efYeKeejer nQ
(b) Fme ceeie& ceW Ûeens efkeâleves ner keâ<š DeeS, Jen Fme ceeie& mes Yeeiesiee veneR (b) efpeve hej efkeâmeer keâer ÚeÙee veneR nw
(c) Fme ceeie& ceW DemeHeâuelee efceueves hej Jen otmejs ceeie& keâer Keespe keâjsiee (c) pees ueesie DemeneÙe nQ
(d) Fme ceeie& hej Ûeuekeâj Jen meHeâue DeJeMÙe nesiee (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
4. keâefJe mebIe<e& kesâ ceeie& ceW efkeâmes mJeerkeâej keâjves keâer yeele keâj jne nw? 3. keâefJe efkeâve ueesieeW ceW hegve: Glmeen peieevee Ûeenlee nw?
(a) nej keâes (a) pees ueesie nej ceevekeâj yew" ieS nQ
(b) peerle keâes (b) pees ueesie Dehevee Glmeen Deewj DeeMee Kees Ûegkesâ nQ
(c) nej Ùee peerle ceW pees Yeer Øeehle nes (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW
(d) Deheves efveOee&efjle ue#Ùe keâes (d) pees ueesie peerJeve ceW mechevve nQ
5. Øemlegle heÅeebMe ceW keâefJe ves keäÙee ve lÙeeieves keâer yeele keâer nw? 4. keâefJe ceele=Yetefce keâer mesJee efkeâme Øekeâej keâjvee Ûeenlee nw?
(a) keâòe&JÙe ceeie& (b) ùoÙeiele Jesovee (a) Deheveer keâefJelee keâer jÛevee keâjkesâ (b) GheosMe oskeâj
(c) Jejoeve (d) mebIe<e& heLe (c) Dehevee meJe&mJe ueieekeâj (d) pevelee keâes Skeâpegš keâjkesâ
6. ‘Jejoeve ceeietBiee veneR’ hebefkeäle kesâ ceeOÙece mes keâefJe kesâ JÙeefkeälelJe keâer efkeâme 5. heÅeebMe ceW ‘nce’ Meyo efkeâme DeLe& ceW ØeÙegkeäle ngDee nw?
efJeMes<elee keâe helee Ûeuelee nw? (a) osMeJeeefmeÙeeW kesâ efueS (b) keâefJe Jeie& kesâ efueS
(a) Denbkeâejer (b) keâeÙej (c) yeÛÛeeW kesâ efueS (d) meceepe mesJekeâeW kesâ efueS
(c) oÙeeJeeve (d) DeelceefJeMJeemeer Je mJeeefYeceeveer 6. keâefJe efkeâve ueesieeW kesâ efueS GÅece keâe oerhe peueevee Ûeenlee nw?
(a) pees De%eeveleeJeMe mJeÙeb keâes ner Yeguee yew"s nQ
7. efleue-efleue efcešles ngS Yeer, keâefJe keäÙee mJeerkeâej ve keâjves keâer yeele keân (b) efpeve ueesieeW kesâ Iej ceW ØekeâeMe keâer JÙeJemLee veneR nw
jne nw? (c) pees ueesie DebOekeâejJeMe mJeÙeb keâes veneR osKe hee jns nQ
(a) oÙee (b) YeerKe (d) pees Deepeeoer kesâ oerJeeves nQ
(c) nej (d) Jejoeve
7. ‘cejves Jeeueer ogefveÙee’ ceW keâefJe efkeâme Øekeâej Decej nesvee Ûeenlee nw?
8. keâefJe efkeâme ceeie& mes ve Yeeieves keâer yeele keâj jne nw? (a) Deheveer YeueeF& keâjkesâ
(a) mebIe<e& ceeie& (b) veweflekeâ ceeie& (b) meowJe melÙe yeesuekeâj
(c) keâòe&JÙe ceeie& (d) Oeeefce&keâ ceeie& (c) osMe kesâ efueS efJeMes<e keâece keâjkesâ
(d) Deheves efce$eeW keâer meneÙelee keâjkesâ
Øemlegle heÅeebMe ceW keâefJe efkeâvnW ieues ueieeves keâer yeele keâj jne nw?
nÚm§e 9 8.
(a) heeefjJeeefjkeâ meomÙeeW keâes (b) meceepe mesJekeâeW keâes
(c) iejeryeeW keâes (d) ceele=Yetefce keâes
nw Meewkeâ Ùener Dejceeve Ùener, pees ueesie nejkeâj yew"s nQ,
nce kegâÚ keâjkesâ efoKeueeSBies~ Gcceero ceej keâj yew"s nQ~
cejves Jeeueer ogefveÙee ceW nce, nce Gvekesâ yegPes efoceeieeW ceW nÚm§e 10
DecejeW ceW veece efueKeeSBies~ efheâj mes Glmeen peieeSBies~ legcnejer Ùen oblegefjle cegmekeâeve
pees ueesie i]ejerye efYeKeejer nQ, jeskeâes cele Deeies yeÌ{ves oes ce=lekeâ ceW Yeer [eue osieer peeve
efpeve hej ve efkeâmeer keâer ÚeÙee nw~ Dee]peeoer kesâ oerJeeves nQ~ Oetefue-Oetmej legcnejs Ùes ieele
nce Gvekeâes ieues ueieeSBies~ nce ceele=Yetefce keâer mesJee ceW, ÚesÌ[keâj leeueeye cesjer PeeWheÌ[er ceW efKeue jns peuepeele
nce Gvekeâes megKeer yeveeSBies~ Dehevee meJe&mJe ueieeSBies~ hejme heekeâj legcneje ner ØeeCe,
efheIeuekeâj peue yeve ieÙee nesiee keâef"ve hee<eeCe
pees ueesie DeBOesjs Iej ceW nQ, nce Gve JeerjeW kesâ yeÛÛes nQ,
Út ieÙee legcemes efkeâ Pejves ueie heÌ[s MesHeâeefuekeâe kesâ Hetâue
Deheveer ner veneR ve]pej ceW nQ~ pees Oegve kesâ hekeäkesâ meÛÛes Les~ yeeBme Lee efkeâ yeyetue?
nce Gvekesâ keâesves-keâesves ceW, nce Gvekeâe ceeve yeÌ{eSBies, legce cegPes heeS veneR henÛeeve?
GÅece keâe oerhe peueeSBies~ nce peie ceW veece keâceeSBies~~ osKeles ner jnesies Deefveces<e !
1. keâefJe keâer keäÙee DeefYeuee<ee nw? Lekeâ ieS nes?
(a) mesvee ceW Yeleea neskeâj osMe keâer mesJee keâjves keâer DeeBKe uetB ceQ Hesâj?
(b) cejves mes hetJe& osMe kesâ efueS kegâÚ Ssmee keâjves keâer efpememes Gmekeâe veece keäÙee ngDee Ùeefo nes mekesâ heefjefÛele ve henueer yeej?
Fefleneme ceW Debefkeâle nes peeS Ùeefo legcnejer ceeB ve ceeOÙece yeveer nesleer Deepe
(c) cejves mes hetJe& meceepe mesJee keâjves keâer leeefkeâ ceve ceW keâesF& iueeefve ve jns ceQ ve mekeâlee osKe
(d) cejves mes hetJe& DeespemJeer keâefJelee efueKeves keâer efpememes ueesie Gmes Ùeeo keâj ceQ ve heelee peeve
mekeWâ legcnejer Ùen oblegefjle cegmekeâeve~
1. heÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej ce=lekeâ ceW peeve [eue osves keâer Meefkeäle efkeâmeceW nw? 1. Øemlegle heÅeebMe ceW keâefJe efkeâmekeâer ÛeÛee& keâj jne nw?
(a) keâefJe keâer ceOegj keâefJelee ceW (a) Deheveer pevce Yetefce keâer (b) efnceeueÙe heJe&le keâer
(b) efMeMeg keâer oblegefjle cegmkeâeve ceW (c) Øeke=âefle efÛe$eCe keâer (d) keâeJÙe jÛevee keâer
(c) mJeÙeb F&MJej keâer Meefkeäle ceW
(d) Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâesF& veneR 2. keâefJe ves Dehevee leerLe& mLeue efkeâmes ceevee nw?
(a) cebefoj keâes (b) ceefmpeo keâes
2. keâefJe keâer PeesheÌ[er ceW peuepeele efKeueves keâe keäÙee DeefYeØeeÙe nw? (c) efnceeueÙe heJe&le keâes (d) ceele=Yetefce keâe
(a) efMeMeg keâer ceveceesnkeâ cegmkeâeve mes Deevebo keâe Úe peevee
(b) Je<ee& $e+leg kesâ keâejCe keâceue kesâ HetâueeW keâe efKeue peevee 3. leerLe& mLeue keâe oMe&ve keâjves keâe keäÙee heefjCeece neslee nw?
(c) peerJeve ceW Oeve mebheefòe keâer keâceer keâe ve nesvee (a) ceve ohe&Ce kesâ meceeve mJeÛÚ yeve peelee nw
(d) efMeMeg Éeje Iej keâe meeceeve Demle-JÙemle keâj osvee (b) ceve ceW mebvÙeeme uesves keâer ØeJe=efòe peeie=le nes peeleer nw
(c) ceve MebkeâeDeeW mes efIej peelee nw
3. oblegefjle cegmkeâeve keâer keäÙee efJeMes<elee nesleer nw? (d) ceve keâe DeOetjeheve Yej peelee nw
(a) efveMÚuelee Deewj ceemetefceÙele
(b) cemleer keâe YeeJe 4. heÅeebMe kesâ Devegmeej Fefleneme efkeâme yeele keâe ieJeen nw?
(c) efkeâmeer kesâ efueS keâesF& ogYee&Jevee veneR (a) keâefJe keâe efmej keâneR Pegkeâe veneR nw
(d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer (b) yeeoue Oejleer hej yejmes nQ
(c) efnceeueÙe keâe efmej efkeâmeer mes veneR Pegkeâe nw
4. Ùeefo efMeMeg keâefJe keâes osKekeâj veneR cegmkegâjelee lees keâefJe keâes keäÙee Øeehle veneR (d) megbojlee efkeâmeer kesâ Deeies veneR Pegkeâleer nw
neslee?
(a) veS-veS vegkeâerues oeBleeW Jeeueer oblegefjle cegmekeâeve osKeves keâe meewYeeiÙe 5. efkeâmeves meyekeâer Gvveefle Deheveer pewmeer Ûeener nw?
(a) iebiee ves (b) efnceeueÙe ves
(b) efMeMeg keâer ceeB mes efceueves keâe meewYeeiÙe
(c) ceele=Yetefce ves (d) yeeoue ves
(c) hejosMe peekeâj jnves keâe meewYeeiÙe
(d) veJeerve efJe<eÙe hej keâefJelee efueKeves keâe meewYeeiÙe 6. meYeer kesâ meeLe meeQoÙe& Deewj meÛÛeeF& keâer veerefle keâe efveJee&n efkeâmeves
efkeâÙee?
5. keâefJe efkeâmekesâ keâejCe efMeMeg keâes osKe mekeâe? (a) ohe&Ce ves (b) leerLe& mLeue ves
(a) ves$e (b) efÛeefkeâlmekeâ (c) Ùecegvee kesâ peue ves (d) efnceeueÙe heJe&le ves
(c) ceeB (d) cegmekeâeve
7. yeeBneW ceW iebiee-pecegvee kesâ peue kesâ nesves mes keäÙee DeefYeØeeÙe nw?
6. efMeMeg keâefJe keâes kewâmes osKe jne Lee? (a) Godiece mLeue (b) DelÙeble efvekeâš keâe mebyebOe
(a) heuekeâeW keâes ueieeleej Pehekeâekeâj (c) Dece=leOeeje ceW mveeve keâjvee (d) iebiee peue keâes heefJe$e ceevevee
(b) mebkeâesÛeÙegkeäle ves$eeW mes
(c) Lekesâ ngS ves$eeW mes 8. efkeâmekesâ ÛejCeeW hej Oejleer efJejepeceeve nw?
(d) efyevee heuekeâ PehekeâeS (a) ceele=Yetefce kesâ (b) mecemle heJe&leeW kesâ
(c) efnceeueÙe heJe&le kesâ (d) Øeeke=âeflekeâ meeQoÙe& kesâ
7. keâefJe kesâ Devegmeej, keâ"esj helLej peue ceW efkeâme Øekeâej heefjJeefle&le nes ieÙee
nesiee?
(a) efMeMeg kesâ Deeieceve mes (b) efMeMeg kesâ nBmeves mes nÚm§e 12
(c) efMeMeg kesâ mheMe& mes (d) efMeMeg keâer oblegefjle cegmekeâeve mes nce Les DeYeer-DeYeer iegueece, Ùen ve Yetuevee
8. efMeMeg kesâ ieeue kewâmes nQ? keâjvee heÌ[e nceW meueece, Ùen ve Yetuevee
(a) meeBJeues jbie kesâ (b) Oetue mes meves ngS jesles efheâjs Gcej leceece, Ùen ve Yetuevee
(c) DelÙeble keâesceue (d) MJesle jbie kesâ Lee hetâš keâe efceuee Fveece, Ùen ve Yetuevee,
yeerleer iegueeefceÙeeB ve ueewš DeeSB efheâj keâYeer
legce YeeJevee Yejes, mJeleb$e YeeJevee Yejes,
nÚm§e 11 legce YeeJevee Yejes~
efpemekesâ ÛejCeeW hej Oejleer ÙeeW lees Fmeves meyekeâer Gvveefle nw osMe Skeâ, ue#Ùe Skeâ, keâce& Skeâ nw
Deewj yeeBneW ceW iebiee-pecegvee peue nw, Deheveer ner pewmeer Ûeener nw Ûeeueerme keâesefš nQ Mejerj, cece& Skeâ nw
efpemekesâ veÙeveeW keâe keâepeue ner meyekesâ mebie meÛÛeeF& Deewj, hetpee keâjes, heÌ{es vecee]pe, Oece& Skeâ nw
GÌ[keâj yevelee yeeoue-oue nw, mebgojlee keâer veerefle efveyeener nw; yeoveece nes Deiej mJejepe, Mece& Skeâ nw
heJe&le kewâmes keân otB Fmekeâes— hej keâYeer efkeâmeer mes Pegkeâe neR Ûeenes efkeâ Skeâlee yeveer jns pevece-pevece
Ùen lees cesje leerLe& mLeue nw~ Fmekeâe Fefleneme ieJeener nw, legce Yeso vee keâjes, ceveg<Ùe-Yeso vee keâjes,
Fme leerLe& kesâ oMe&ve mes ner Ssmes ieJeeaYele Øenjer hej legce Yeso vee keâjes~
ceeveme yeve peelee nw ohe&Ce~ vÙeesÚeJej cesje leve-ceve-Oeve yeefieÙee njer-njer, JemegbOeje Yejer-Yejer
{hÝXr 63
efheâj keäÙeeW jns ceveg<Ùe keâer oMee cejer-cejer

hewâues kegâšer-kegâšer cenue-cenue, lejer-lejer nÚm§e 13
Iej ceW efyejeojer, meceepe ceW yejeyejer ÚesÌ[es cele Deheveer Deeve, meerme keâš peeS,
Ssmee ve nes efkeâ keâesefš-keâesefš ner og:Keer jnW— cele Pegkeâes DeveÙe hej, Yeues JÙeesce Heâš peeS~
legce Jesovee njes, Goej Jesovee njes, oes yeej veneR Ùecejepe kebâ" Oejlee nw,
legce Jesovee njes~ cejlee nw pees, Skeâ yeej ner cejlee nw~
1. heÅeebMe ceW keâefJe ves keäÙee ve Yetueves keâer yeele keâer nw? legce mJeÙeb cejCe kesâ cegKe hej ÛejCe Oejes js~
(a) iegueeceer kesâ efove keâes peervee nes lees cejves mes veneR [jes js~
(b) osMe kesâ efJeYeepeve keâes mJeeleb$Ùe peeefle keâer ueieve, JÙeefkeäle keâer Oegve nw,
(c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW yeenjer Jemleg Ùen veneR, Yeerlejer iegCe nw~
(d) Deb«espeer Yee<ee kesâ JeÛe&mJe keâes vele ngS efyevee pees DeMeefve-Ieele menleer nw~
2. Skeâlee yeveeS jKeves kesâ efueS heÅeebMe ceW keäÙee hejeceMe& efoÙee ieÙee nw? mJeeOeerve peiele ceW Jener peeefle jnleer nw~
(a) nceW Deeheme ceW ØescehetJe&keâ jnvee ÛeeefnS JeerjlJe ÚesÌ[, cele hej keâe ÛejCe ienes js~
(b) nceW efkeâmeer mes yeele veneR keâjveer ÛeeefnS pees heÌ[s Deeve, Kego ner meye Deive menes js~
(c) nceW Skeâebkeâerheve keâe peerJeve peervee ÛeeefnS oemelJe peneB nw, JeneR mleyOe peerJeve nw,
(d) nceW DevÙe osMeeW mes efce$elee veneR keâjveer ÛeeefnS mJeeleb$Ùe efvejblej mecej, meveeleve jCe nw~
3. keâefJe kesâ Devegmeej nceejs osMe keâer Oejleer kewâmeer nw? mJeeleb$Ùe mecemÙee veneR Deepe Ùee keâue keâer,
(a) Devve mes Yejer ngF& peeie=efle leerJeÇ Ùen IeÌ[er-IeÌ[er heue-heue keâer~
(b) cesnvele keâjves JeeueeW mes hetCe& henjs hej ÛeejeW Deesj meleke&â ueiees js~
(c) kesâJeue nefjÙeeueer mes heefjhetCe& Oej Oeveg<e-yeeCe GÅele efove-jele peiees js~
(d) meYeer Øekeâej kesâ mebmeeOeveeW mes Ùegkeäle
1. osMe keâer mJeleb$elee keâes yeveeS jKeves kesâ efueS keäÙee efkeâÙee peevee ÛeeefnS?
4. ‘Lee hetâš keâe efceuee Fveece’ hebefkeäle kesâ Devegmeej Hetâš keâe keäÙee heefjCeece meeceves (a) osMeJeeefmeÙeeW keâes JeerjleehetJe&keâ jnvee ÛeeefnS
DeeÙee? (b) otmejeW kesâ meeceves Pegkeâvee veneR ÛeeefnS
(a) nceeje osMe mJeleb$e nes ieÙee (c) efvejblej mebIe<e& keâjles jnvee ÛeeefnS
(b) nceeje osMe oes šgkeâÌ[eW ceW yeBš ieÙee (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
(c) nceeje osMe Gvveefle kesâ efMeKej hej hengBÛe ieÙee
(d) nceeje osMe Deb«espeer Yee<ee efmeKee ieÙee 2. ‘pees heÌ[s Deeve, Kego ner meye Deive menes js~’ hebefkeäle keâe DeeMeÙe keäÙee nw?
(a) keâ<š keâe meecevee JÙeefkeäle keâes mJeÙeb keâjvee ÛeeefnS otmejeW kesâ menejs keâer
5. keâefJe ves Mece& keâer yeele efkeâmes keâne nw? Øeleer#ee veneR keâjveer ÛeeefnS
(a) je<š^ keâer ÚefJe keâes Oetefceue keâjves Jeeueer ieefleefJeefOeÙeeW keâes (b) DeeJeMÙekeâlee heÌ[ves hej Deeie ceW ketâo heÌ[vee ÛeeefnS
(b) Oeeefce&keâ efnle kesâ efueS je<šêfnle keâer DeJensuevee keâjves keâes (c) Deeie menves kesâ efueS mJeÙeb ner lewÙeej jnvee ÛeeefnS
(c) meYeer mecegoeÙeeW kesâ meeLe ØescehetJe&keâ jnves keâes (d) Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâesF& veneR
(d) Skeâ-otmejs mes F&<Ùee& keâjves keâes
3. heÅeebMe ceW mJeleb$elee kesâ yeejs ceW keäÙee keâne ieÙee nw?
6. ‘hetpee keâjes, heÌ{es vecee]pe’ kesâ ceeOÙece mes keâefJe efkeâme Deesj mebkesâle keâj jne nw? (a) mJeleb$elee ceeveJe peeefle keâer ueieve nesleer nw
(a) meecØeoeefÙekeâ efJeYeepeve (b) mJeleb$elee JÙeefkeäle keâe Yeerlejer iegCe nw
(b) Oeeefce&keâ meodYeeJe (c) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW
(c) efnbot-cegefmuece Skeâlee (d) mJeleb$elee JÙeefkeäle keâes yeeBOe keâj jKeleer nw
(d) Oeeefce&keâ efJeYeepeve
4. ‘oemelJe peneB nw, JeneR mleyOe peerJeve nw’ hebefkeäle mes keäÙee leelheÙe& nw?
7. nceW efkeâvnW meueece keâjvee heÌ[e? (a) peneB iegueeceer nesleer nw JeneB peerJeve "nj peelee nw
(a) iegueeceer keâer yesefÌ[ÙeeW keâes (b) peneB peerJeve neslee nw JeneB iegueeceer Yeer nesleer nw
(b) mJeleb$elee mesveeefveÙeeW keâes (c) peerJeve keâe iegueeceer mes keâesF& mebyebOe veneR nw
(c) hejleb$elee keâes (d) peerJeve keâe ®keâvee iegueeceer hej efveYe&j veneR nw
(d) efyeÇefšMe MeemekeâeW keâes
5. keâefJe kesâ Devegmeej, mJeleb$eleehetJe&keâ keâewve peerefJele jn mekeâlee nw?
8. keâefJe osMeJeeefmeÙeeW mes keäÙee njves keâe Dee£eve keâj jne nw? (a) mJeeOeerve ceveg<Ùe (b) hejeOeerve ceveg<Ùe
(a) DemeneÙe ueesieeW keâer JÙeLee keâes (c) Yeer® ceveg<Ùe (d) Dekeâce&" ceveg<Ùe
(b) mJeleb$elee keâes
(c) efyeÇefšMe MeemekeâeW kesâ DelÙeeÛeejeW keâes 6. keâefJe hee"keâ keâes efkeâmekesâ mece#e Pegkeâves mes cevee keâj jne nw?
(d) hejeOeervelee keâes (a) vÙeeÙe kesâ mece#e (b) DevÙeeÙe kesâ mece#e
(c) Devve kesâ mece#e (d) DevÙe (otmejeW) kesâ mece#e
7. keâefJe kesâ Devegmeej, ceveg<Ùe keâe Yeerlejer iegCe keäÙee nw? (b) efkeâmeeve kesâ hemeerves keâer Oeeje LeesÌ[s meceÙe kesâ efueS yenleer nw
(a) ce=lÙeg (b) oemelee (c) iebiee keâer Oeeje efkeâmeeve kesâ heermeves keâer Oeeje mes efYevve nw
(c) mJeleb$elee (d) menveMeefkeäle (d) iebiee Deewj efkeâmeeve oesveeW keâe Dehevee-Dehevee DeefmlelJe nw
8. keâefJe hee"keâ keâes efkeâmemes ve [jves kesâ efueS Øesefjle keâj jne nw? 3. keâefJe efkeâmeeve keâes TBÛes eEmenemeve hej yew"evee keäÙeeW Ûeenlee nw?
(a) DevÙeeÙe mes (b) ce=lÙeg mes (a) keäÙeeWefkeâ efkeâmeeve keâe peerJeve DeYeeJeeW mes efIeje neslee nw
(c) Jeerjlee mes (d) JÙeefkeäle mes (b) keäÙeeWefkeâ efkeâmeeve kesâ keâ"esj heefjßece kesâ Éeje meceepe keâe keâuÙeeCe
neslee nw
(c) keäÙeeWefkeâ keâefJe keâes efkeâmeeve mes ueieeJe nw
nÚm§e 14 (d) keäÙeeWefkeâ efkeâmeeve efcešdšer mes pegÌ[e ngDee nw
meesves ÛeeBoer mes veneR eEkeâleg ns «eece-osJelee! vecemkeâej! 4. efkeâmeeve kesâ DeLekeâ heefjßece keâjves leLee nBmeves mes keäÙee neslee nw?
legceves efcešdšer mes efkeâÙee hÙeej~ legce peve-ceve kesâ DeefOeveeÙekeâ nes (a) Gmekesâ heefjJeej keâe heeueve-hees<eCe neslee nw
(b) osMe DeLeJee meceepe Heâuelee-Hetâuelee SJeb efJekeâefmele neslee nw
ns «eece-osJelee! vecemkeâej! legce nBmees efkeâ hetâues-heâues osMe (c) Oeve SJeb Yeespeve Øeehle neslee nw
peve-keâesueenue mes otj DeeDees, eEmenemeve hej yew"es (d) Jen Meejerefjkeâ ™he mes keâce]peesj nes peelee nw
keâneR Skeâekeâer efmeceše-mee efveJeeme, Ùen jepÙe legcneje nw DeMes<e~ 5. efkeâmeeve efkeâmekesâ yeue hej DeÛesleve ceW Ûesleve keâe efJekeâeme keâjlee nw?
jefJe-MeefMe keâe Glevee veneR GJe&je Yetefce kesâ veÙes Kesle kesâ (a) JewYeJe
efkeâ efpelevee ØeeCeeW keâe neslee ØekeâeMe, veÙes OeevÙe mes mepes osMe, (b) Demeerefcele mebheoe
ßece-JewYeJe kesâ yeue hej keâjles nes legce Yet hej jnkeâj Yetefce-Yeej (c) heefjßece
peÌ[ ceW Ûesleve keâe efJekeâeme, OeejCe keâjles nes cevegpe-Mes<e (d) efJeßeece
oeveeW-oeveeW mes Hetâš jns Deheveer keâefJelee mes Deepe legcnejer 6. ‘legce nBmes’ mes keâefJe keâe keäÙee DeefYeØeeÙe nw?
meew-meew oeveeW kesâ njs neme, efJeceue Deejleer uetB Gleej! (a) osMe ceW efkeâmeeveeW keâer mebKÙee yeÌ{evee
(b) efkeâmeeveeW keâer KegMeneueer
Ùen nw ve hemeerves keâer Oeeje ns «eece-osJelee ! vecemkeâej! (c) efkeâmeeveeW keâe nBmeles jnvee
Ùen iebiee keâer nw OeJeue Oeej, (d) efkeâmeeveeW hej JÙebiÙe
1. «eece-osJelee keâe efveJeeme mLeeve peve keâesueenue mes otj Skeâeble ceW efmeceše ngDee 7. efkeâmeeveeW kesâ meboYe& ceW keâewve-mee keâLeve DemelÙe nw?
keäÙeeW nw? (a) DeLekeâ heefjßece keâjkesâ hemeervee yenelee nw
(a) Deheveer efcešdšer mes Øesce nesves kesâ keâejCe (b) efcešdšer mes hÙeej keâjlee nw
(b) mJeÙeb keâes DevÙe mes efYevve mecePeves kesâ keâejCe (c) efmebnemeve keâe DeefOekeâejer nw
(c) Deheves n"er mJeYeeJe kesâ keâejCe (d) Oeve-mebheoe keâe Deekeâeb#eer nw
(d) F&MJej ceW DeemLee SJeb efJeMJeeme kesâ keâejCe
8. keâefJe efkeâmekesâ ceeOÙece mes «eece osJelee keâer Deejleer Gleejvee
2. keâefJe ves efkeâmeeve kesâ hemeerves keâer Oeeje keâer leguevee iebiee keâer OeJeue Oeeje mes Ûeenlee nw?
keäÙeeW keâer nw? (a) oerhekeâ (b) SsMJeÙe&
(a) efkeâmeeve keâe keâ"esj heefjßece Yeer iebiee kesâ meceeve ceeveJelee kesâ efueS (c) keâefJelee (d) Devve
GheÙeesieer nw
{hÝXr 65
CÎma‘mbm
~moY 1 ~moY 18
1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (d) 1. (a) 2. (g) 3. (g) 4. (d) 5. (c)
6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (d)
~moY 2
~moY 19
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (b)
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (a)
~moY 3 6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (a)
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (d) ~moY 20
~moY 4 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (c)
6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (a)
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (a)
~moY 5 ~moY 21
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (d)
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (c)
6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (c)
~moY 6 ~moY 22
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (b)
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (d)
~moY 7 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (b)
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (d) ~moY 23

~moY 8 1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (d)
6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (d)
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (d)
~moY 24
~moY 9
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (d)
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (a)
6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (c) 10. (d)
~moY 10 ~moY 25
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (b)
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (c)
~moY 11 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (b)
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (c) ~moY 26

~moY 12 1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (a)
6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (d) 9. (d) 10. (c)
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (b)
6. (d) ~moY 27
~moY 13 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (c)
6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (b)
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (a)
~moY 28
~moY 14
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (b)
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (b)
~moY 15 ~moY 29
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (c) 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (d)
6. (a) 6. (b) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (b)
~moY 16 ~moY 30
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (d) 1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (b)
6. (d) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (a)
~moY 17 ~moY 31
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (b) 1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (b)
6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (c) 6. (b) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (b)
~moY 32 ~moY 46
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (b) 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (c)
6. (d) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (c) 6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (b)
~moY 33 ~moY 47
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (d) 1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (b)
6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (a) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (a)
~moY 34 ~moY 48
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (b) 1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (b)
6. (d) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (c) 10. (b) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (b)
~moY 35 ~moY 49
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (d) 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (d)
6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (c) 6. (b) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (b)
~moY 36 ~moY 50
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (b) 1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (c)
6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (c) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (c)
~moY 37 ~moY 51
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (c) 1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (b)
6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (d) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (b) 10. (c)
~moY 38 ~moY 52
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (a) 1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (b)
6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (a) 6. ()d 7. (b) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (b)
~moY 39 ~moY 53
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (c) 1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (a)
6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (c ) 10. (a) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (d)
~moY 40 ~moY 54
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (d) 1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (c)
6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (c) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (d)
~moY 41 ~moY 55
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (d) 1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (d)
6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (b) 6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (c)
~moY 42 ~moY 56
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (d) 1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (c)
6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (d) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (a)
~moY 43 ~moY 57
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (d) 1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (a)
6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (c) 10. (d) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (a)
~moY 44 ~moY 58
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (c) 1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (c)
6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (b) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (b)
~moY 45 ~moY 59
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (a) 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (d)
6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (d) 9. (d) 10. (c) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (c) 10. (c)
{hÝXr 67
~moY 60 nÚm§e 8
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (b) 1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (b)
6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (c) 6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (c)
nÚm§e 1 nÚm§e 9
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (c) 1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (a)
6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (d) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (c)
nÚm§e 2 nÚm§e 10
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (b) 1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (c)
6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (d) 6. (d) 7. (c) 8. (b)
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (c) 1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (b)
6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (d) 6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (a)
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (c) 5. (b) 1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (a)
6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (d) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (a)
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (c) 1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (a)
6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (b) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (b)
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (b) 1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (c)
6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (c) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (c)
nÚm§e 7
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (a)
6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (d)
AÜ¶m¶ 01
[a³V ñWmZm| H$s ny{V©

[a³V ñWmZm| H$s ny{V© gå~pÝYV {Z¶‘
efjkeäle mLeeveeW keâer hete|le mecyeefvOele efveÙece efvecveefueefKele nQ
Ä JeekeäÙe kesâ YeeJe/DeLe& keâes mecePevee ÛeeefnS~ JeekeäÙe ceW ØeÙeesie efkeâS ieS MeyoeW keâer Øeke=âefle osefKeS, Jes mebmke=âleefve<" Ùee Dejyeer-]Heâejmeer-Got& kesâ nes mekeâles nQ~ Deehekeâes
efpeve MeyoeW keâe ÛeÙeve keâjvee nw, Jen Gvemes cesue Keelee nesvee ÛeeefnS~
Ä efoS ieS MeyoeW kesâ DeLeeX keâes Je Gvekeâer OJeefve keâes OÙeeve mes meceefPeS~
Ä JeekeäÙe ceW ØeÙegkeäle ef›eâÙee keâes OÙeeve mes osefKeS, Gmekesâ eEueie Deewj JeÛeve keâe OÙeeve jefKeS~
Ä efpeve MeyoeW keâes Deehe mener mecePe jns nQ, ceve-ner-ceve GvnW efjkeäle mLeeveeW hej jKe keâj osefKeS, DevegefÛele Meyo JeekeäÙe ceW meowJe ner Dešheše ueielee nw~
Ä Ùeefo Meyo keâes efjkeäle mLeeve ceW jKeves kesâ yeeo JeekeäÙe keâes heÌ{ves ceW menpelee jns Deewj DeLe& yeve peeS, lees Deeheves mener Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve efkeâÙee nw~
Ä MeyoeW keâer mener henÛeeve nesves hej ner efjkeäle mLeeve menpelee mes Yejs pee mekeâles nQ~ Dele: nceW efJeueesce Meyo, heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer Meyo, DeveskeâeLeea Meyo, meceesÛÛeeefjle, efYevveeLe&keâ
Meyo Deeefo keâe ienve DeOÙeÙeve keâjvee ÛeeefnS~
dñVw{ZîR>àíZ
dmŠ` ‘| [aŠV ñWmZm| H$s ny{V© gå~pÝYV àíZ
efveoxMe (Øe. meb. 1 mes 14 lekeâ) efvecveefueefKele JeekeäÙeeW ceW efjkeäle mLeeveeW keâer hete|le 5. efpemes GefÛele Gòej metPe peeS Jen ........ keânueelee nw~
kesâ efueS Ûeej-Ûeej efJekeâuhe efoS ieS nQ~ GheÙegkeäle efJekeâuhe keâe ÛeÙeve keâjkesâ (a) DeeMegkeâefJe
efjkeäle mLeeve YeefjS~ (b) ØelÙeglhevveceefle
........~ (c) ØeefleYeeMeeueer
1. ceeleepeer keâes (d) Øe%eeJeeve
(a) heefjCeece (b) heefjceeCe
(c) ØeceeCe (d) ØeCeece 6. Meem$e mes nceW efkeâmeer efJe<eÙe keâe %eeve efJeefOehetJe&keâ neslee nw Deewj keâuee mes nce
Gme efJe<eÙe keâe ........ meerKeles nQ~
2. pees JÙeefkeäle mevleg<š peerJeve JÙeleerle keâjvee Ûeenles nQ, GvnW efkeâmeer otmejs kesâ (a) ØeÙeesie mebÙeesie
keâeÙe& mes ........ veneR keâjveer ÛeeefnS~
(b)
(c) GheÙeesie (d) %eeve
(a) F&<Ùee& (b) lelhejlee
(c) leerJeÇlee (d) MeerIeÇlee 7. Deb«es]peer ceW keâece keâjves keâe DeYÙeeme nesves kesâ keâejCe DeefOekeâejer Je keâce&Ûeejer
efnvoer ceW Dehevee keâece keâjves ceW ........ nQ~
3. ceQ Ùen meesÛe Yeer veneR mekeâlee Lee efkeâ legce Ssmee peIevÙe........ keâjesies~ (a) efPePekeâles (b) Mecee&les
(a) DehejeOe (b) ØeÙeeme (c) Ieyejeles (d) [jles
(c) JÙeJenej (d) JÙeJemeeÙe
ØeeÛeerve keâeue ceW ceOÙe ØeosMe Oeee|cekeâ, meebmke=âeflekeâ, Deee|Lekeâ Deewj jepeveweflekeâ
efJekeâeme kesâ efueS Deee|Lekeâ ........ DeeJeMÙekeâ nesleer nw~
8.
ef›eâÙeekeâueeheeW keâe cegKÙe ........ jne nw~
4.
(a) me#ecelee (b) yenguelee
(a) yeepeej (b) Iej
(c) efJeefJeOelee (d) DeelceefveYe&jlee
(c) #es$e (d) kesâvõ
{hÝXr$ 69
9. mejkeâej keâer veerefle nw efkeâ efnvoer kesâ ØeÙeesie keâes ØesjCee, Øeeslmeenve Je ........ mes 23. Deehe heOeeefjS Deewj ........ «enCe keâerefpeS~
yeÌ{eÙee peeS~ (a) Deemevve (b) JÙemeve
(a) oyeeJe (b) meodYeeJevee (c) Demeve (d) Deemeve
(c) oC[ Oeve
(d)
24. ieeBOeer peer keâe DeLe&Meem$e Oece& Deewj ........ hej DeeOeeefjle nw~
10. meÛÛeefj$e JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâer DeelcekeâLee DevÙe JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ efueS ........ keâe (a) ØeMeemeve (b) DeeEnmee
œeesle yeve peeleer nw~ (c) vÙeeÙe (d) ÙeMe
(a) oMe&ve (b) YeeJevee ....Âef<š je<šêrÙelee keâe DeeOeej nw~
25.
(c) ØesjCee (d) Tpee&
(a) Oecee&vegmeej (b) Oece&efvejhes#e
11. Ssmee JÙeefkeäle, efpemekesâ Deeves keâe efove, efoveebkeâ Deewj meceÙe henues mes efveefMÛele (c) Oece&meccele (d) Oece&meehes#e
veneR neslee, ........ keânueelee nw~ 26. ueeskeâlev$e jepÙe pevelee ceW je<šêrÙe YeeJevee ........ ™he ceW peeie=le keâjlee nw~
(a) DemeeceefÙekeâ (b) DeYÙeeiele (a) Deefvejbefpele (b) mJeeYeeefJekeâ
(c) ieCeceevÙe (d) DeefleefLe (c) mebkeâerCe& (d) DemJeeYeeefJekeâ
12. mJelev$elee kesâ Ghejevle nceves %eeve Deewj efJe%eeve kesâ ........ ceW Øeieefle keâer nw~ 27. Gmekeâe ùoÙe Flevee keâesceue nw efkeâ efce$e lees keäÙee Jen Deheves ........ keâes Yeer
(a) he#e (b) meÇesle
Ûeesš veneR hengBÛee mekeâlee~
(c) #es$e (d) ™he
(a) menÙeesieer (b) efJehe#eer
13. Jen ........ hetJe&keâ meyekesâ meeceves Pegkeâ ieÙee~ (c) ØeeflejesOeer (d) Me$eg
(a) mee«en efve«en
(b)
28. leepecenue Jeemlegkeâuee keâer cegieue Mewueer kesâ mceejkeâeW ceW ßes<"lece ........ nw~
(c) efJeveÙe (d) meoÙe
(a) mceejkeâ (b) ke=âefle
14. cegPes Fme keâeÙe&›eâce keâe ........ veneR hengBÛee~ (c) Fceejle (d) ceefmpeo
(a) Keyej efvecev$eCe
(b)
29. F&MJej keâer Yeefkeäle ner, meewYeeiÙeMeeueer yeveves keâe ........ nesvee ÛeeefnS~
(c) he$eJÙeJenej (d) peevekeâejer
(a) GodosMÙe (b) meeOeve
efveoxMe (Øe. meb. 15 mes 35 lekeâ) efoS ieS JeekeäÙeeW ceW efjkeäle mLeeveeW keâer hete|le kesâ (c) keâejCe (d) nsleg
efueS Ûeej-Ûeej efJekeâuhe efoS ieS nQ~ GheÙegkeäle efJekeâuhe keâe ÛeÙeve keâjkesâ efjkeäle 30. Fme mebmeej ceW Ûeefj$e mes yeÌ{keâj keâesF& Deewj ........ iegCe veneR nw~
mLeeve YeefjS~ (a) yeÌ[e (b) ßes<"
15. meecØeoeefÙekeâlee je<šêrÙe Skeâlee kesâ efueS
........ nw~ (c) yesnlej (d) TBÛee
(a) Jejoeve (b) DeefYeMeehe 31. keâece Ssmee keâjes efpememes meyekeâe ........ nes~
(c) heefjleehe (d) heMÛeeòeehe (a) Ghekeâej (b) vegkeâmeeve
16. nwpee Skeâ
........ jesie nw~ (c) Yeuee (d) Fueepe
(a) DeefYe›eâecekeâ (b) meb›eâecekeâ 32. MejleÛevõ keâer ........ pÙeeslmvee Meerleuelee Yejer Leer~
(c) Deefle›eâecekeâ (d) Dee›eâecekeâ (a) "C[er (b) Meerleue
17. DeLekeâ heefjßece Deewj melele
........ Ûejcemeercee Øeehle keâj mekeâlee nw~ (c) yeHeâeaueer (d) efJeceue
(a) DeJÙeJemeeÙe (b) JÙeJemeeÙe 33. osMe keâer ...... kesâ efueS YeejleerÙe pevelee ves yeÌ[s-yeÌ[s yeefueoeve efoS nQ~
(c) ceveceeves JÙeJenej mes (d) meYeJeeÙe (a) megj#ee (b) Øeieefle
18. ceoj šsjsmee keâe
........ mebmeej Yej ceW Hewâuee ngDee nw~ (c) Dee]peeoer (d) Gvveefle
(a) Øesce (b) meceeÛeej 34. DeeJesove efueKeles meceÙe MeyoeW kesâ ..... ceW yengle meeJeOeeveer yejleveer ÛeeefnS~
(c) ÙeMe (d) ØeYeeJe (a) GheÙeesie (b) ØeÙeesie
19. YeieJeeve yeÌ[s oÙeeueg nQ,
........ meyekeâer megveles nQ~ (c) mebÙeesie (d) megÙeesie
(a) Jes (b) Jen 35. efJeÉeve Deheves iegCeeW kesâ keâejCe ........ nesles nQ~
(c) Ùes (d) Deehe (a) kegâKÙeele (b) efJeKÙeele
20. cenelcee yegæ keâ®Cee kesâ mee#eeled
........ Les~ (c) yeÌ[s (d) peeves
(a) Deheefj«en (b) Deveg«en
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 36 mes 43 lekeâ) JeekeäÙe ceW mLetueebefkeâle Meyo kesâ GheÙegkeäle
(c) efJe«en (d) heefj«en
‘efJeueesce’ Éeje hetefle& keâer peeveer nw, Fmekesâ efueS Ûeej-Ûeej efJekeâuhe ØemleeefJele nQ~
21. Gme m$eer kesâ
........ ves meYeer keâe ùoÙe õefJele keâj efoÙee~ GefÛele efJekeâuhe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(a) mebueehe (b) Deeueehe (c) Skeâeueehe (d) efJeueehe
36. ceesnve keâer keâefJelee ceewefuekeâ ve neskeâj
.......... nw~
22. nceeje osMe Oeerjs-Oeerjs DeelceefveYe&jlee kesâ ........ keâer Deesj yeÌ{ jne nw~ (a) DecetuÙe (b) Deveceesue
(a) GodosMÙe (b) cekeâmeo (c) ue#Ùe (d) ievleJÙe (c) keâeuheefvekeâ (d) Devetefole
37. F&MJej keâer ke=âhee mes cetkeâ Yeer .......... nes mekeâlee nw~ 48. efceueeW kesâ .......... kesâ efueS peerJeve keâe DeLe& nw efkeâ peerJeveheÙe&vle Skeâ
(a) yeefOej (b) hebieg efvejLe&keâ Ùeeefv$ekeâ ef›eâÙee keâer yegefænerve DeveJejled DeeJe=efòe keâjles peevee~
(c) JeeÛeeue (d) efJe%e (a) ßeefcekeâ (b) ceeefuekeâ
38. keâevetve keâer DeveefYe%elee #ecÙe veneR nesleer, FmeefueS Gmekeâer .......... (c) yeesOe (d) heefjCeece
DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ 49. peerJeve ceW Deheves heefjßece ceW meHeâuelee keâe .......... ve heekeâj nleeMe ueesie
(a) DeefYe%elee (b) yeng%elee memles ceveesjbpeve ceW meeblJevee Keespeles nQ~
(c) efJe%elee (d) Deuhe%elee (a) hemeervee (b) ceesue
39. ØeeÙe: efveyevOe meceeme Mewueer ceW Deewj GhevÙeeme .......... Mewueer ceW efueKes (c) yeesOe (d) heefjCeece
peeles nQ~ 50. MeeÙeo mebmeej kesâ meYeer osMeeW ceW Ssmee ueeskeâ-efJeMJeeme nw efkeâ meerheer keâes keâeve
(a) meefvOe (b) efJe#eshe mes ueieekeâj megveW, lees GmeceW .......... keâe mJej megvee pee mekeâlee nw~
(c) JÙeeme (d) Oeeje (a) ùoÙe (b) Øesce
40. Deepekeâue efvepeer #es$e kesâ efJekeâeme hej DeefOekeâ yeue efoÙee pee jne nw leLee (c) meeiej (d) yeeoue
..... #es$e keâer Ghes#ee keâer pee jner nw~
51. pewmes ner DeOÙeehekeâ cenesoÙe DeeS, keâ#ee.............nes ieF&~
(a) mejkeâejer (b) meeJe&peefvekeâ (a) Yekeäle (b) pebieueer
(c) meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ (d) JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ (c) Meevle (d) heeieue
41. ØelÙeskeâ ceveg<Ùe kesâ peerJeve ceW Devegjefkeäle leLee .......... kesâ #eCe Deeles-peeles efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 52-57) efjkeäle mLeeve keâes Yejves kesâ efueS meyemes GheÙegkeäle Meyo
jnles nQ~ keâe ÛeÙeve keâjW~
(a) mebmeefkeäle (b) efJecegefkeäle .............jner nw~
52. keâesÙeue
(c) efJejefkeäle (d) Deemeefkeäle
(a) cenkeâ (b) yenkeâ
42. omeJeeR keâer hejer#ee ceW keâefleheÙe efJe<eÙe DeefveJeeÙe& nQ, lees keâefleheÙe ........ nQ~ (c) YeeQkeâ (d) ketâkeâ
(a) Jewkeâefuhekeâ (b) DeveeJeMÙekeâ ...........
53. efJekeâeme keâceeves Jeeuee meomÙe nw~
(c) DeheefjneÙe& (d) Øeemebefiekeâ
(a) keâneB (b) Iej
43. JÙeefkeäle keâer mebkeâerCe&lee keâer leguevee ceW .......... DeefOekeâ JÙeeJeneefjkeâ nesleer nw~ (c) efJeosMe (d) Skeâcee$e
(a) efJekeâerCe&lee (b) Goejlee .........efceuesieer~
54. ceervee#eer keâes Deheves efkeâS keâer
(c) meceevelee (d) mebkegâuelee
(a) kegâuneÌ[er (b) mepee
efveoxMe (Øe] meb] 44-51) efoS ieS JeekeäÙeeW kesâ efjkeäle mLeeveeW keâer hete|le GefÛele (c) iegefÌ[Ùee (d) hegjmkeâej
efJekeâuhe Ûegvekeâj keâerefpeS~ 55. heejmheefjkeâ keâewMeue keâe GodosMÙe keâeÙe&kegâMeuelee ceW megOeej keâjvee SJeb
44. Iej DeeÙee
........ Yeer veneR efvekeâeuee peelee~ .............keâes DeefOekeâ cetuÙeJeeve yeveevee nw~
(a) cesnceeve (b) kegâòee (a) efveÙeeskeälee (b) keâce&Ûeejer
(c) efjMlesoej (d) yeÇeÿeCe (c) «eenkeâ (d) [e@keäšj
45. OeesS pees meew yeej leew

.......... nesÙe ve MJesle~ 56. Skeâ meheâue šerce ueer[j Deheves meomÙeeW keâes .............ßeeslee kesâ ¤he ceW
(a) keâheÌ[e (b) Deeoceer (c) keâepej (d) ievoe Ûeenlee nw~
.......... (a) ØeMebmeelcekeâ (b) efveef<›eâÙe
46. ßeæe Skeâ meeceeefpekeâ nw~ (c) meef›eâÙe (d) veececee$e keâe
(a) YeeJe (b) ØeYeeJe (c) efJeYeeJe (d) DevegYeeJe
.......... 57. ‘‘Ùeefo Ûeeoj kesâ yeenj.............hemeejesies lees heÚleeDeesies~’’
47. Deehe pees kegâÚ heÌ{W Gmekeâes keâe DeYÙeeme keâjW~ (a) neLe (b) yeepet
(a) mcejCe (b) efJemcejCe (c) efueKeves (d) jšves (c) šeBie (d) hewj
CÎma‘mbm
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (d) 9. (b) 10. (c)
11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (a) 20. (a)
21. (d) 22. (c) 23. (d) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (d) 28. (c) 29. (b) 30. (b)
31. (c) 32. (d) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (b) 36. (c) 37. (c) 38. (a) 39. (c) 40. (a)
41. (c) 42. (a) 43. (a) 44. (a) 45. (c) 46. (a) 47. (c) 48. (a) 49. (d) 50. (c)
51. (c) 52. (d) 53. (d) 54. (b) 55. (b) 56. (c) 57. (d)
{hÝXr$ 71
AÜ¶m¶ 02
{dbmo‘mW©H$ eãX
‘efJeueesce’ Meyo keâe DeLe& nw—Guše Ùee efJehejerle~ Dele: efkeâmeer Meyo keâe Guše DeLe& JÙekeäle keâjves Jeeuee Meyo efJeueesceeLe&keâ Meyo keânueelee nw~ efJeueesce Meyo keâe Deb«es]peer heÙee&Ùe
‘Antonyms’ neslee nw~ efJeueesceeLe&keâ MeyoeW keâes efJeheÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer, ØeefleueesceeLe&keâ Deewj efJeueesce Meyo Yeer keânles nQ~
{dnarVmW©H$/{dbmo_ eãX H$r aMZm

efJehejerleeLe&keâ/efJeueesce Meyo keâer jÛevee efvecveefueefKele Øekeâej mes nesleer nw
1. Ghemeie& peesÌ[keâj MeyoeW kesâ meeLe Ghemeie& peesÌ[keâj efJeueesce Meyo yeveeS peeles nQ; pewmes–ÙeMe-DeheÙeMe, ceeve-Deheceeve, jeie-efJejeie, peÙe-hejepeÙe, meehes#e-efvejhes#e Deeefo~
2. Ghemeie& heefjJele&ve Éeje Ghemeie& ceW heefjJele&ve keâjkesâ efJeueesce Meyo yeveeS peeles nQ; pewmes–Deeoeve-Øeoeve, mebÙeesie-efJeÙeesie, megueYe-ogue&Ye, DeeÙeele-efveÙee&le Deeefo~
3. ve_ed Éeje ve_ed DeLee&led efve<esOe kesâ Éeje efJeueesce Meyo yeveeS peeles nQ; pewmes–ueewefkeâkeâ-Deueewefkeâkeâ, #ej-De#ej, meYÙe-DemeYÙe, mecYeJe-DemecYeJe Deeefo~
4. ØelÙeÙeJeled ØeÙegkeäle Meyo-heefjJele&ve Éeje MeyoeW kesâ Devle ceW ØeÙegkeäle nesves Jeeues ØelÙeÙeeW ceW heefjJele&ve keâjkesâ efJeueesce Meyo yeveeS peeles nQ; pewmes–oÙeehetCe&-oÙeeMetvÙe,
ieefleJeeve-ieeflenerve, keWâõeefYeieeceer-keWâõehemeejer, ßeerÙegle-ßeernerve Deeefo~
5. efuebie heefjJele&ve Éeje MeyoeW kesâ efuebie ceW heefjJele&ve keâjkesâ efJeueesce Meyo yeveeS peeles nQ; pewmes–yesše-yesšer, YeeF&-yenve, ceelee-efhelee Deeefo~
6. efYevve Meyo Éeje Deueie-Deueie MeyoeW kesâ ØeÙeesie mes Yeer efJeueesce Meyo yeveles nQ; pewmes–cetkeâ-JeeÛeeue, ueeYe-neefve, keâšg-ceOeg, ueIeg-ieg® Deeefo~
efJeÅeee|LeÙeeW kesâ DeOÙeÙeve nsleg efJeueesceeLe&keâ MeyoeW keâer metÛeer Øemlegle nw
Meyo efJeueesce Meyo efJeueesce Meyo efJeueesce Meyo efJeueesce
(De) Dehe&Ce «enCe DeefJemcejCeerÙe efJemcejCeerÙe
DeefveJeeÙe& Jewkeâefuhekeâ Devegjeie efJejeie
Deble Deeefo Dekebâškeâ kebâšefkeâle
DeÛÙegle ÛÙegle De«epe Devegpe
Deblejbie yeefnjbie De#ele efJe#ele
Demle GoÙe DeJeefve Decyej
DebleÉ&vÉ yeefnÉ&vÉ De#ece me#ece
DeJevele Gvvele Dem$eerkeâjCe efvejm$eerkeâjCe
Debleceg&Keer yeefnceg&Keer DeÂMÙe ÂMÙe Devegueesce Øeefleueesce/efJeueesce DeJeuecye efvejeuecye
Deboj yeenj DeefmlelJe DeveefmlelJe Deefcele heefjefcele DeÅele DevegÅele
DebOekeâej ØekeâeMe Den&lee Deven&lee Dehekeâej Ghekeâej Devegef›eâÙee Øeefleef›eâÙee
Dekeâce&keâ mekeâce&keâ DeefYecegKe ØeeflecegKe DeefmLej efmLej DeheMekegâve Mekegâve
Dekeâeue megkeâeue DeefYeØesle DeveefYeØesle Deejesn DeJejesn DeÛeue Ûeue
De«e heMÛe DeefOecetuÙeve DeJecetuÙeve DeheÛeÙe GheÛeÙe DeveeÙeeme meeÙeeme
Deieuee efheÚuee DeJej ØeJej DeefYeMeehe Jejoeve heleve GlLeeve
DeÛÚe yegje DeJeveefle Gvveefle DeheJÙeÙe efceleJÙeÙe DeefleefLe DeefleLessÙe
DeOece Gòece Dehe&Ce «enCe Devevle Devle DeuheeÙeg oerIee&Ùeg
DeOetje hetje Deceerj iejerye
DeOÙeJemeeÙe DeveOÙeJemeeÙe DeefYe%e DeveefYe%e
DeuhemebKÙekeâ yengmebKÙekeâ Dehevee hejeÙee
DeOeescegKeer TOJe&cegKeer Deveeiele efJeiele Deuhe%e yeng%e Dehes#ee Ghes#ee
DeOeesieeceer TOJe&ieeceer DeefOeke=âle DeveefOeke=âle DeMekeäle meMekeäle DelÙeefOekeâ mJeuhe
Deefle Deuhe DeLeen efÚÚuee Demeerce memeerce Devegjefkeäle efJejefkeäle
DeLe Fefle DeveeLe meveeLe DehejeOe efvejhejeOe Depe&ve Jepe&ve
Devegketâue Øeefleketâue DeefJeÛeue efJeÛeue DeefYemejCe DehemejCe DeJekeâeMe DeveJekeâeMe

DeJeekedâ meJeekedâ De#ej #ej (F/F&)
Deefive peue Decej celÙe&
DeeEnmee eEnmee DeLe& DeveLe& F&[e efvevoe Fppele yesFppele
DeJee&Ûeerve ØeeÛeerve Deiece megiece F<š Deefve<š FOej GOej
Deuhecele yengcele Dece=le efJe<e FÛÚe DeefveÛÚe Fnueeskeâ hejueeskeâ
Deheceeve mecceeve DeYÙeeme DeveYÙeeme Fefle DeLe Fefleßeer ßeer ieCesMe
De%e efJe%e DeceeJemÙee hete|Cecee F&ne Deveerne F&Me DeveerMe
DeueYÙe ueYÙe Deveg«en efJe«en F&MJej DeveerMJej F&efhmele Deveerefhmele
DeÛÚe yegje DevJeÙe DevevJeÙe F&ceeveoej yesFËceeve F&<eled Deuece
DeOegveeleve hegjeleve DeefOekeâ keâce
DeMeve DeveMeve De›etâj ›etâj (G/T)
DemecYeJe mecYeJe DeefleJe=ef„ DeveeJe=ef„ Gòece DeOece GÛÛe efvecve
DeYÙemle DeveYÙemle Deuhe ØeÛegj GoÙe Demle GheÙegkeäle DevegheÙegkeäle
Devegcele Devevegcele DeefveJeeÙe& SsefÛÚkeâ Gheceeve JÙeeflejskeâ GheeosÙe DevegheeosÙe
(Dee) Gòej oef#eCe Guueeme efJe<eeo
DeekeâeMe heeleeue Deekeâ<e&Ce efJekeâ<e&Ce GlLeeve heleve GvcegKe efJecegKe
Deenej efvejenej Dee›eâceCe Øeeflej#eCe GodIeešve meceeheve GppJeue Oetefceue
Deeiele Deveeiele Deeefmlekeâ veeefmlekeâ Glheefòe efJeveeMe TOJe& DeOees
Deeieeceer efJeiele DeelceerÙe DeveelceerÙe GvveÙeve heueeÙeve Gmleeo Ûesuee
DeeÛeej DeveeÛeej DeelceefJeMJeeme DeelcemebMeÙe GJe&je yebpej Glke=â<š efveke=â<š
Deeoj Deveeoj/efvejeoj Deeueeskeâ efleefcej GefÛele DevegefÛele TBÛe veerÛe
Deelegj Deveelegj DeeJeMÙekeâ DeveeJeMÙekeâ Gkeäle Devegkeäle Gvceòe Devegvceòe
Deeefßele Deveeefßele Deejesner DeJejesner
GòeerCe& DevegòeerCe& GodYeJe DeJemeeve
DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ Yeeweflekeâ DeeÙe JÙeÙe
DeeefJeYee&Je eflejesYeeJe DeeÙeele efveÙee&le Godiece efJeueÙe Goeòe Devegoeòe
DeeÂle DeveeÂle DeelÙeefvlekeâ heefjefcele Gæle efJevele GefÛÚ<š DevegefÛÚ<š
Glmeen efve®lmeen DeeMebkeâe efJeMJeeme G<ee mebOÙee TOece efJeveÙe
DeejesnCe DeJejesnCe DeeIeele DeveeIeele Goej Devegoej/ke=âheCe GÉsie efve®Ésie
Dee«en ogje«en Dee£eve efJemepe&ve G<Ce Meerleue Gòespeve ØeMeceve
DeeOeej efvejeOeej DeekeâerCe& efJekeâerCe& GhecesÙe DeveghecesÙe Ghemeie& ØelÙeÙe
Deeie heeveer Deekeâefmcekeâ meeceefÙekeâ Glkeâ<e& Dehekeâ<e& GheefmLele DevegheefmLele
DeeMee efvejeMee Deeefce<e efvejeefce<e
DeeMeeJeeoer efvejeMeeJeeoer DeevevoceÙe efJe<eeohetCe& Gvcetueve jesheCe GuuebIeve DeveguuebIeve
DeeMeer<e DeefYeMeehe DeeYÙevlej yee¢e GOeej vekeâo Gheee|pele Devegheee|pele
Deeieceve ØemLeeve Dee<e& Devee<e& G«e meewcÙe Go«e Devego«e
DeekegbâÛeve ØemeejCe DeejeOÙe ogjeOÙe GoÙeeÛeue DemleeÛeue Gvvele DeJevele
Deemekeäle Deveemekeäle DeeJele&keâ DeveeJele&keâ/efJeJele&keâ GÅeceer efve®Åece Gòejeæ& hetJee&æ&
Deenle Deveenle DeeÅe DevlÙe GheÙeesie DevegheÙeesie Gvceerueve efveceerueve
DeemLee DeveemLee DeejcYe Devle
Dee™Ì{ Devee™Ì{ Deentle Deveentle ($e+)
Dee]peeoer iegueeceer Deeceefv$ele Deveeceefv$ele $e+peg Je›eâ $e+Ce Oeve
Deeefo Devle/Deveeefo DeeneÙe& DeveeneÙe& $e+le Deve=le $e+efæ efJehevve
DeeJe=òe DeveeJe=òe Dee[cyej meeoieer
DeeMÛeÙe& DeveeMÛeÙe& DeeÙe& DeveeÙe& (S/Ss)
Deeõ& Meg<keâ Dee%ee DeJe%ee Skeâ$e efJekeâerCe& SkeâeefOekeâej meJee&efOekeâej
DeejcYe Devle Deeoeve Øeoeve Skeâ Deveskeâ SkesâMJejJeeo yengosJeJeeo
Deekeâueve efJekeâueve DeeoMe& ÙeLeeLe& SÌ[er Ûeesšer SkeâeLe&keâ DeveskeâeLe&keâ
DeeojCeerÙe efvejeojCeerÙe DeeÛÚeefole DeveeÛÚeefole Skeâe«e ÛebÛeue Skeâe«eefÛele DevÙecevemkeâ
{hÝXr$ 73

Skeâlee Deveskeâlee S<eCee Devew<eCee Keguee yevo KeerPevee jerPevee
Skeâebieer Deveskeâebieer Skeâue mecetn Keue meeOeg /meppeve KÙeele kegâKÙeele
Skeâhe#eerÙe yenghe#eerÙe SkeâcegKeer yengcegKeer KeeÅe DeKeeÅe KesÛej YetÛej
Ssefnkeâ heejueewefkeâkeâ Ssvõer Fvõ KeÛe& Deeceoveer Keje Keesše
Ssefleneefmekeâ Devewefleneefmekeâ SsefÛÚkeâ DevewefÛÚkeâ Keso Øemevvelee KegMeyet yeoyet
SskeäÙe DevewkeäÙe SsMJeÙe& DevesMJeÙe& (ie)
(Dees/Deew) ieCelev$e jepelev$e ienve efJejue
DeespemJeer efvemlespe DeesÚe iecYeerj ieghle Øekeâš iecYeerj DeiecYeerj
DeesleØeesle efJenerve Deesn Jeen iece& "C[e ieieve he=LJeer
Deewjle ceo& Deewjme oòekeâ ienje efÚÚuee/GLeuee «enCe lÙeeie
DeewheÛeeefjkeâ DeveewheÛeeefjkeâ Deew<eefOe Deveew<eefOe ieefle DeJejesOe iegveenieej yesiegveen
DeewefÛelÙe DeveewefÛelÙe DeewoeÙe& DeveewoeÙe& ieÅe heÅe iecÙe DeiecÙe
DeewefolÙe DeveewefolÙe DeewhevÙeeefmekeâ DeveewhevÙeeefmekeâ ie=ner/ie=nmLe lÙeeieer/mebvÙeemeer ieeruee metKee
ie=nerle lÙekeäle ieceve Deeieceve
(keâ) «eece/«eecÙe veiej/veeiej «emle cegkeäle
keâke&âMe megMeerue keâeheg®<e heg®<eeLeea ieesjer meeBJeueer «eefLele efJekeâerCe&
keâuebefkeâle efve<keâuebkeâ keâmetj yeskeâmetj ieeÌ{e heleuee ieg® ueIeg
keâefve<" pÙes<" keâevetveer iewjkeâevetveer ieewjJe ueeIeJe iegCe oes<e
keâešdÙe DekeâešdÙe keâesueenue Meeefvle ieesÛej DeieesÛej ieg®lJe ueIeglJe
›eâÙe efJe›eâÙe keâeceer yeÇÿeÛeejer iejue megOee ietÌ{ Øekeâš/DeietÌ{
kegâefšue mejue kegbâef"le Dekegbâef"le ieefjcee ueefIecee ieerle Deieerle
keâce&" efvekeâccee kegâheLe megheLe iele Deeiele iesÙe DeiesÙe
kegâ™he meg™he keâuheveeleerle keâuheveerÙe ieewj#ekeâ ieewYe#ekeâ «eer<ce Meerle
ke=â<Ce Megkeäue kegâJÙeJemLee megJÙeJemLee (Ie)
keâeue Dekeâeue kegâueerve Dekegâueerve
kegâMeue DekegâMeue keâceer yeenguÙe Iej yeenj Ie=Cee Øesce
ke=âle%e Deke=âle%e/ke=âleIve keâeÙe& DekeâeÙe& Iešvee yeÌ{vee Ieeše ueeYe
ke=âhee Deke=âhee/keâeshe keâ®Ce efve<"gj/efvemkeâ®Ce/ Ieševee yeÌ{evee Ievee efJejue
Dekeâ®Ce Ieškeâ mecegoeÙe Ievee efÚleje
ke=âle Deke=âle keâšg ceOegj Ieele ØeefleIeele Ieefšle DeIeefšle
ke=âheCe Goej/oeveer keâÌ[e cegueeÙece Ieesef<ele DeIeesef<ele Iejsuet yeenjer
kegâHeâue megHeâue keâheš efve<keâheš
ke=âMe heg<š keâefueÙegie meleÙegie (Ûe/Ú)
kegâKÙeele efJeKÙeele keâhetle mehetle Ûej DeÛej Ûeb[ Meeble
kegâyegefæ megyegefæ keâesceue keâ"esj Ûelegj cetÌ{ Ûesleve DeÛesleve
kegâke=âefle megke=âefle keâce&CÙe Dekeâce&CÙe ÛeÌ{eJe Gleej efÛekeâvee Kegjoje
kegâueše heefleJeÇlee keâ<e&Ce efJekeâ<e&Ce Ûeue DeÛeue Ûeene DeveÛeene
›eâce JÙeefle›eâce kegâueoerhe kegâueebiej Ûee|Ûele DeÛee|Ûele Ûewve yesÛewve
keâÌ[Jee ceer"e kegâmegce Je»e Ûeešgkeâej mJeeefYeceeveer efÛeefvlele efveefMÛevle
keâere|le Dehekeâere|le ke=âef$ece Øeeke=âle Ûee® DeÛee® efÛejeÙeg DeuheeÙeg
›eâesOe #ecee keâejCe DekeâejCe efÛe$e efJeefÛe$e efÛejbleve veMJej
keâuÙeeCe DekeâuÙeeCe ›etâj meoÙe/De›etâj efÛej DeefÛej efÛejmLeeÙeer DeuhemLeeÙeer
keâeÙej meenmeer keâlee& Dekeâlee& Ûeesj meeOeg Ûeheue efmLej
ÛebÛeg DeÙeMemJeer Ûes<še efveMÛes<še
(Ke)
Úue efveMÚue Útle DeÚtle
KeC[ve ceC[ve Keeueer Yeje Úueer efveMÚueer Úesše yeÌ[e
efKeuevee cegjPeevee KegMeefkeâmcele yeoefkeâmcele Úeove ØekeâeMeve Úesje Úesjer
Keieesue Yetieesue KegMeefce]pee]pe yeoefce]pee]pe ÚeÙee Deelehe Úgškeâeje yevOeve
Kejerovee yesÛevee Ketyemetjle yeometjle Úe$e Úe$ee ÚeBn Oethe
KegMe veeKegMe Keeme Deece efÚvve mebueive/Ùegkeäle Újnje ceesše-leepee

(pe/Pe) (o/Oe)
peÌ[ Ûesleve peeÌ[e ieceea oÙeeueg efveo&Ùeer oeme mJeeceer
peefšue mejue peerJeve cejCe ÂMÙe DeÂMÙe ogie&efle megieefle
pevce ce=lÙeg peeiejCe MeÙeve/efveõe ÂÌ{ DeÂÌ{ ogMkeâj megkeâj
pebiece mLeeJej peeievee meesvee oef#eCe Gòej Éwle DeÉwle
peÙe hejepeÙe pÙes<" keâefve<" oefjõ mechevve ogue&Ye megueYe
peeefle efJepeeefle pJeej Yeeše oeveer ke=âheCe És<e meodYeeJevee
peeie=le meg<eghle pÙeesefle lece efoJee jeef$e osMeYekeäle osMeõesner
peerle nej pesÙe DepesÙe oerIee&Ùeg DeuheeÙeg og<ØeYeeJe megØeehÙe
peÌ[lee Ûeslevelee peerCe& DepeerCe& ogye&ue meyeue oeefKeue Keeefjpe
peue Leue/mLeue/efvepe&ue peeiej DeveJeOeevelee osveoej uesveoej oerIe& ÜmJe/ueIeg
peJeeveer yegÌ{ehee ]peeefuece jnceefoue oC[ hegjmkeâej ogjeÛeej meoeÛeej
pepe&le De#ele peeueer Demeueer owlÙe osJe osn efJeosn
peveveer pevekeâ PebPeš efveefMÛeblelee oelee metce/ÙeeÛekeâ osJe oeveJe
peesÌ[ IešeJe Pet" meÛe ÉvÉ efveÉ&vÉ osÙe DeosÙe
ogpe&ve meppeve osve uesve
PeieÌ[e Meeefvle PeesheÌ[er cenue og<š Yeuee osj meJesj/peuoer
Pebke=âle efvemleyOe PekeâPekeâenš OegbOeuee otef<ele mJeÛÚ o#e Deo#e
PebPee letHeâeve efoJÙe DeefoJÙe oef#eCe Jeece
og:Meerue megMeerue Oeerjlee DeOeerjlee
(š/") Oeje ieieve OeÇgJe DeefmLej
šue Dešue šerkeâe Yee<Ùe OeJeue MÙeece OewÙe& DeOewÙe&
škeâmeeueer meeceevÙe štšvee pegÌ[vee Oeveer efveOe&ve Oeveelcekeâ $e+Ceelcekeâ
"njvee peevee "erkeâ ieuele Oece& DeOece& Oeerj DeOeerj
"C[e iece& "esme lejue OJebme efvecee&Ce Oe=<š efJeveerle Ùee efJeveceü
"e" meeoieer "ewj kegâ"ewj (ve)
([/{) vekeâo GOeej vÙeeÙe DevÙeeÙe
[j efve[j [eue heòeer veMJej DeveMJej vÙetve DeefOekeâ
[en meodYeeJe ef[cYe efveje[cyej veKe efMeKe veeieefjkeâ «eeceerCe
ef[cye De#eesYe {e{me $eeme/efve®lmeen veJeerve ØeeÛeerve vej veejer
{bie kegâ{bie/yes{bie {eue leueJeej veÙee hegjevee efveieg&Ce meiegCe
{jvee ®keâvee {er" efJeveceü efveef<eæ efJeefnle efvejeMee DeeMee
{euet meceleue efveMÛeue ÛebÛeue efvejesieer jesieer
efvekeâš otj efve:Megukeâ meMegukeâ
(le/Le) efvejLe&keâ meeLe&keâ efveoex<e meoes<e
lejue "esme lehle Meerleue efve<keâece mekeâece vetleve hegjeleve
le®Ce Je=æ le=<ee le=efhle efvece&ue ceefueve efvecee&Ce efJeveeMe
leš cePeOeej leepee yeemeer vele Gvvele efve[j keâeÙej
leue Deleue leer#Ce kegbâef"le efvej#ej mee#ej efveOe&velee Oevee{dÙelee
levõe peeiejCe leerJeÇ cevo efvejeefce<e meeefce<e efvevoe mlegefle
le=<Cee efJele=<Cee legueveerÙe DelegueveerÙe efveÙeefcele DeefveÙeefcele efveefMÛele DeefveefMÛele
leke&âhetCe& kegâleke&âhetCe& legÛÚ ceneved efveÙeefv$ele DeefveÙeefv$ele efvelÙe DeefvelÙe
le=hle Dele=hle lespe Oeercee efveYeeakeâ YeÙeYeerle efveo&Ùe meoÙe
lÙekeäle ie=nerle lespemJeer efvemlespe efveue&ppe meueppe veer®pelee ®iCelee
leeceefmekeâ meeeflJekeâ legkeâevle Delegkeâevle efve<"e Deefve<"e veskeâer yeoer
efleefle#ee Demeefn<Ceglee lJeefj cebLej vÙeeÙeer DevÙeeÙeer veweflekeâ Deveweflekeâ
efleefcej ØekeâeMe efLej ieefleJeeve veerefle Deveerefle vewmee|iekeâ Devewmee|iekeâ
LekeâeJeš mhetâe|le Leeskeâ Hegâškeâj/Kegoje efvee|o<š Deefvee|o<š vecekeânueeue vecekeânjece
LeesÌ[e yengle Leue peue veerjme mejme efve<kegâue<e keâueg<e
{hÝXr$ 75

(he) yeÛeheve ÙeewJeve yeefn<keâej mJeerkeâej
yeÌ[e Úesše yeefnjbie Devlejbie
heefC[le cetKe& he®<e keâesceue
yengle LeesÌ[e yebOÙee mJeerkeâej
heefjefÛele DeheefjefÛele hejlev$e mJelev$e
Øekeâš ieghle/DeØekeâš heefjßece efJeßeece yeefÌ{Ùee IeefšÙee yeesOÙe DeyeesOÙe
ØeJesMe efvekeâeme heeefjlees<e oC[ yeye&j meYÙe yes[ewue meg[ewue
hejceeLe& mJeeLe& heje Deheje yengleeÙele keâceer efyecye Øeefleefyecye
he#eheeleer efve<he#e hesÙe DehesÙe yescesue mebiele yegÌ{ehee peJeeveer
hemevo veehemevo hetje DeOetje yeeefOele DeyeeefOele yegefæceeve cetKe&
ØemeejCe mebkegâÛeve hewvee YeesLeje
ØeHegâuue cueeve hetJe&Jeleea hejJeleea yevOeglJe Me$eglJe yeesOe DeyeesOe
Øeieefle Øeefleieceve heefjneÙe& DeheefjneÙe& yeeÌ{ metKee
hekeäkeâe keâÛÛee hešg Dehešg
hejes#e ØelÙe#e/Dehejes#e heleve GlLeeve
(Ye)
Øeeslmeeefnle nleeslmeeefnle heefj<ke=âle Deheefj<ke=âle YeieJeeved YeieJeleer Yeesuee Ûeeueekeâ
ØeOeeve ieewCe heee|LeJe Deheee|LeJe YeÙe meenme Yeer<eCe meewcÙe
ØeMebmee efvevoe heekeâ veeheekeâ YeJÙe DeYeJÙe Yeive DeYeive
ØelÙeÙe DeØelÙeÙe heehe hegCÙe Yeõ DeYeõ Yebiegj DeYebiegj
ØeYeg Ye=lÙe ØeieuYe DeØeieuYe Ye#Ùe DeYe#Ùe YeesiÙe DeYeesiÙe
heefJe$e DeheefJe$e Øeefle<"e DeØeefle<"e Yebpekeâ Ùeespekeâ Yekeäle DeYekeäle
hegjesieeceer heMÛeieeceer ØeeÙe: yengOee Yeejer nukeâe YeueeF& yegjeF&
heefjefcele Deheefjefcele Øeerefle És<e YeeiÙe ogYee&iÙe efYevve DeefYevve
heefjCele DeheefjCele ØeewÌ{ DeØeewÌ{ YeeJe DeYeeJe Yetle YeefJe<Ùe
hetCe& DehetCe& Øeeflehevve DeØeeflehevve
YeÙeYeerle efveYe&Ùe Yetieesue Keieesue
heeÛÙe DeheeÛÙe Øeeke=âeflekeâ DeØeeke=âeflekeâ
heef"le Deheef"le he#e efJehe#e Yeüevle efveYeüe&vle Yeesieer Ùeesieer
heefj«ener Deheefj«ener hee$e kegâhee$e Yet<eCe ot<eCe YeespÙe DeYeespÙe
heesef<ele Deheesef<ele ØeeÛeerve DeeOegefvekeâ YeeJeer Deleerle Yeeweflekeâ DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ
he=Lekedâ mebÙegkeäle heeJeve DeheeJeve Yeuee yegje YeeF& yenve
Øepeelev$e jepelev$e hee"dÙe Dehee"dÙe Yeso DeYeso YeerÌ[ Skeâeble
heoesvvele heoeJevele heeuekeâ Ieelekeâ
ØeJesMe efveie&ce heejoMe&keâ DeheejoMe&keâ (ce)
ØekeâeMe DevOekeâej efhelee ceelee cenelcee ogjelcee cevegpe ovegpe
ØeleerÛeer ØeeÛeer hetJe& heefMÛece cevo lJeefjle ceewefKekeâ efueefKele
ØeieefleMeerue DeØeieefleMeerue heewef<škeâ Deheewef<škeâ ceOeg eflekeäle/keâšg efcele Deheefjefcele
ØeeJewefiekeâ mLeweflekeâ hetJe& (henuee) Gòej (yeeo keâe) cecelee efvece&celee cegmeeryele Deejece
ØeMemle DeØeMemle hete|Cecee DeceeJemÙee ceeveJe oeveJe cegKe he=<"/ØeeflecegKe
ØeefMeef#ele DeØeefMeef#ele heewjmlÙe/heewJee&lÙe heeMÛeelÙe ceeveJeerÙe DeceeveJeerÙe ceee|pele Deceee|pele
ØeueÙe me=ef<š heefjleg° kegbâef"le ceeveJelee oeveJelee/ve=Mebmelee cetÌ{ %eeveer
ØeÛÚvve DeØeÛÚvve Øe%ee DeefJeJeskeâ ceeefuekeâ veewkeâj efceueve efJejn/efyeÚesn
Øeke=âle DeØeke=âle ØelÙeeefMele DeØelÙeeefMele cenerve ceesše ce=ogue keâ"esj
Øeefleyeæ DeØeefleyeæ helePeÌ[ yemevle cele efJecele efceLÙee melÙe
heefjmeerceve Demeerceve ØeJe=efòe efveJe=efòe ceme=Ce ®#e cew$eer Decew$eer
(Heâ/ye) cesnceeve ces]peyeeve efceefßele Deefceefßele
Heâue DeHeâue Hetâue keâeBše efceleJÙeefÙelee DeefceleJÙeefÙelee cetle& Decetle&
Heâeškeâ neškeâ Hegâuue cueeve ceer"e keâÌ[Jee efce$e Me$eg
Hewâuevee efmekegâÌ[vee ef]Heâjvee efmLej cegefole efKevve cetue efvecet&ue
]HeâeÙeoe vegkeâmeeve HeâueoeÙekeâ efve<Heâue cetkeâ JeeÛeeue cetuÙeJeeve cetuÙenerve
]Heâpeernle F]p]pele efyeneve Deepe ceneÙeesieer ceneYeesieer ceewve cegKej
yeueJeeve yeuenerve yevOeve cees#e/cegefkeäle ceeve Deheceeve cees#e yevOeve
yeefue<" ogye&ue Je=nle ueIeg efceš Deefceš cejntce peerefJele

(Ùe/j/ue) JÙe«e DeJÙe«e efJemcejCe mcejCe
JewcevemÙe meewcevemÙe efJeefMe<š meeceevÙe
ÙeMe DeheÙeMe ÙeesiÙelee DeÙeesiÙelee efJeMJemle DeefJeMJemle Jeerj keâeÙej
ÙeLeeLe& keâuhevee/DeeoMe& ÙeewJeve yegÌ{ehee/peje efJemleerCe& DeefJemleerCe& efJeefnle efve<esOe
Ùeeo Yetue ÙeesiÙe DeÙeesiÙe
JÙeJeùle DeJÙeJeùle efJeÉeved cetKe&
Ùegæ Meeefvle Ùeesie Yeesie/efJeÙeesie
Ùeesieer Yeesieer ÙeeÛekeâ DeÙeeÛekeâ Jeve ce® Jesovee hejceevevo
Ùeb$eCee megKe jespeieej yesjespeieej Je=æ yeeuekeâ efJeveceü GÛÚb=Keue
jle efJejle ™efÌ{yeæ ™efÌ{cegkeäle efJeosMeer mJeosMeer efJemle=le mebef#ehle
j#ekeâ Ye#ekeâ ®#e ce=og/ceme=Ce (Me/<e/me)
jÛevee OJebme jewõ Dejewõ
jeie efJejeie jodo yeneue Mekegâve DeheMekegâve MeÙeve peeiejCe
jepee/jeäJe jbkeâ/Øepee Keeueer Yeje Meyo efve:Meyo Meeefvle DeMeeefvle
je#eme osJelee ®ove nemÙe Meefkeäle #eerCelee Meemekeâ Meeefmele
jnceefoue yesjnce jesieer efvejesieer MejCe DeMejCe Meeueerve Oe=<š
jepelev$e pevelev$e jenle Øekeâeshe Me$eglee efce$elee efMeKe veKe
jeieer efJejeieer efjkeäle efmekeäle Mem$e Dem$e Mees<ekeâ hees<ekeâ
jele efove ™he kegâ™he efMe<š DeefMe<š MeesYeveerÙe DeMeesYeveerÙe
™efÌ{Jeeoer mJeÛÚvoleeJeeoer ®efÛe De®efÛe efMeef#ele DeefMeef#ele MeeMJele #eefCekeâ
jbieerve jbienerve ueesueghe Deveemekeäle efMe#ee DeefMe#ee Meehe Jejoeve
ue#Ùe Deue#Ùe ueewefkeâkeâ heejueewefkeâkeâ Meer<e&/efMeKej leue Mueerue DeMueerue
ueIeg oerIe&/ieg® ueewn Deueewn efMe<Ùe ieg® Mece&oej yesMece&
ueÛeeruee keâ"esj ueeIeJe ieewjJe Meerleue G<Ce Meg<keâ Deeõ&
uecyeeF& ÛeewÌ[eF& ueghle JÙekeäle/Øekeâš MegYe DeMegYe Metj Yeer®
ueeYe neefve ueesefnle Deueesefnle Megefæ DeMegefæ MJeeme GÛÚdJeeme
efuehle efvee|uehle ueehejJeen meeJeOeeve Megkeäue ke=â<Ce Meesnjle yeoveeceer
efueefKele ceewefKekeâ uegYeeJevee efIeveewvee Megukeâ efve:Megukeâ MeesefOele DeMeesefOele
uesve osve ueef#ele Deueef#ele MegefÛe DeMegefÛe Mebkeâ efveMebkeâ
ueeskeâ hejueeskeâ ueeskeâeleerle meeOeejCe Mes<e DeMes<e Menjer osneleer
(Je) MeesYeve DeMeesYeve Meesj Meeefvle
meYÙe DemeYÙe mJeeceer mesJekeâ
Jele&ceeve Yetle efJeMues<eCe mebMues<eCe mechevve efJehevve mJeeLeea hejeLeea
JÙemle DeJÙemle JÙeeme meceeme melkeâej eflejmkeâej mhe<š Demhe<š
JÙeefkeäleiele meeJe&Yeewce JevemLeue ce®mLeue meyeue ogye&ue mebkeâuhe efJekeâuhe
Jeeo ØeefleJeeo efJejle efvejle meceeJesMe DeveeJesMe mJepeeefle efJepeeefle
efJekeâejer DeefJekeâejer efJeMeeuekeâeÙe #eerCekeâeÙe meveeLe DeveeLe mJeerke=âefle DemJeerke=âefle
efJepeÙe hejepeÙe efJeoiOe DeefJeoiOe meveeleveer ØeieefleJeeoer meeceefÙekeâ DemeeceefÙekeâ
efJekeâeme Üeme efJeÛeeefjle DeefJeÛeeefjle memeerce Demeerce meeefce<e efvejeefce<e
efJeješ/efJeMeeue #egõ efJeyegOe DeefJeyegOe meoeÛeej ogjeÛeej meenme YeÙe
efJeMes<e meeOeejCe/meeceevÙe efJeke=âle DeefJeke=âle mejue keâef"ve meeeflJekeâ leeceefmekeâ
efJevele GodoC[ Jemevle helePeÌ[ meJeCe& DemeJeCe& mee#ej efvej#ej
efJeYeJe hejeYeJe efJekeâue DeefJekeâue mecetue efvecet&ue meenÛeÙe& he=LekeäkeâjCe
Jej JeOet efJeÅeceeve DeefJeÅeceeve melÙe Pet"/DemelÙe meefvveefJe<šve efvemleejCe
efJeOeJee meOeJee/megneefieve JeCÙe& DeJeCÙe& efmLej ÛebÛeue meelelÙe DemeelelÙe
efJehevve mechevve efJeYekeäle DeefJeYekeäle efmele Deefmele menÙeesieer ØeefleÙeesieer
efJeoeF& mJeeiele efJeefnle DeefJeefnle/efveef<eæ mebiele Demebiele mJeosMe efJeosMe
JÙeef<š meceef<š Jewefokeâ DeJewefokeâ mebheod efJeheod meppeve ogpe&ve
efJeÛeefuele DeefJeÛeefuele Jekeälee ßeeslee mebkeâesÛe efve:mebkeâesÛe melkeâce& og<keâce&
efJe%e DeefJe%e efJeuecye DeefJeuecye mebÙeesie efJeÙeesie mLeeJej pebiece
efJeheo meheo efJeveerle Oe=<š/ogefJe&veerle mebefMue<š efJeefMue<š meiegCe efveieg&Ce
efJejue megueYe efJemleejCe meb#esheCe mevle Demevle me=peve efJeveeMe
JÙeehle DeJÙeehle efJeMJeeme DeefJeMJeeme meefvOe efJe«en meled Demeled
{hÝXr$ 77

mehetle keâhetle mLetue met#ce meefnle jefnle mece efJe<ece
me#ece De#ece mJeosMeer efJeosMeer meccegKe efJecegKe mebÙele DemebÙele
megke=âefle kegâke=âefle megveece ogvee&ce
megotj efvekeâš megcegKe ogceg&Ke (n)
megceeie& kegâceeie& mesefJele DemesefJele n<e& efJe<eeo nceoo& yesoo&
megheLe kegâheLe mleyOe DemleyOe nceeje legcneje nle Denle
megvoj kegâ¤he megmeeOÙe og:meeOÙe nBmevee jesvee eEnmee DeeEnmee
meghee$e kegâhee$e megmleer Ûegmleer ÜmJe oerIe& neme ®ove
megMeerue og:Meerue megmebieefle kegâmebieefle efnle Deefnle Üeme Je=efæ
megievOe ogie&vOe mKeefuele DemKeefuele nsÙe «ee¢e nej peerle
megOee iejue efmLejefÛeòe DeefmLejefÛeòe nesveer Devenesveer neefve ueeYe
met#ce mLetue megmeceÙe kegâmeceÙe
megueYe ogue&Ye megue#eCe kegâue#eCe
(#e/$e/%e)
meewcÙe G«e megkeâeue og<keâeue #ej De#ej #eefle ueeYe
meÛesle DeÛesle megieefle ogie&efle #ecee oC[ #egõ cenled/efJeješ
mepeue efvepe&ue megOeeÙe& DemegOeeÙe& #eefCekeâ MeeMJele #egyo Meevle
megjerefle kegâjerefle mewæeefvlekeâ Demewæeefvlekeâ #eÙe De#eÙe #eesYe Øemevvelee
mhe=MÙe Demhe=MÙe mcejCeerÙe efJemcejCeerÙe #eerCe mJemLe ef$ekegâšer Ye=kegâšer
megyeesOe ogyeexOe mJeeYeeefJekeâ DemJeeYeeefJekeâ ef$ekeâesCe <ešdkeâesCe %esÙe De%esÙe
meewYeeiÙe ogYee&iÙe mJeeLe& hejceeLe& %eeve De%eeve %eeveer cetÌ{/cetKe&
megceefle kegâceefle megKeevle og:Keevle %eele De%eele
megj Demegj megHeâue kegâHeâue
(ße)
megØeyevOe kegâØeyevOe mÙeen meHesâo
meceeJesMeve DeveeJesMeve efmveiOe DeefmveiOe ßeehe DeeMeerJee&o ßeeslee Jekeälee
mJeie& vejkeâ mLewÙe& DemLewÙe& ßeæe Deßeæe ßeJeCe oMe&ve
mevlees<e Demevlees<e mJeeJeuecyeer hejeJeuecyeer ßeerceeve ßeerceleer ßeeble Øemevve
mejme veerjme mheæe& menÙeesie ëe=bKeuee efJeëe=bKeuee ßeJÙe ÂMÙe
dñVw{ZîR>àíZ
1. ‘DeOe:’ Meyo kesâ meeLe ØeÙegkeäle ‘Gheefj’ Meyo efkeâme Øekeâej keâer Meyo keâesefš 5. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efJeueesce MeyoeW keâer Âef<š mes Skeâ Ùegice ieuele nw, Jen nw
ceW DeeSiee? (a) efJeefOe-efve<esOe (b) Dee£eve-efJemepe&ve
(a) heÙee&Ùe (b) DeveskeâeLeea (c) Dee«en-efJe«en (d) DeefceÙe-nueenue
(c) DeveeefOekeâ (d) efJeueesce 6. efJeueesce Meyo keâer Âef<š mes FveceW mes mener Ùegice nw
2. ‘ke=âhee’ efkeâme Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw? (a) DeekeâerCe&-efJekeâerCe& (b) F&efhmele-DeYeerefhmele
(a) keâeshe (b) keâšg (c) DeeÂle-efvejeÂle (d) oes<e-meoes<e
(c) ›eâesOe (d) ›etâj 7. ‘DeeefJeYet&le’ keâe mener efJeueesce Meyo nw
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 3-7) ceW efoS ieS efJeueesce Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve Gmekesâ veerÛes efoS ieS (a) DeveemLee (b) Deveskeâlee
efJekeâuheeW ceW mes keâerefpeS~ (c) eflejesYetle (d) DeveeJe=ef<š
3. Devegjefkeäle 8. ‘met#ce’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw
(a) met#ce (b) met#cenerve
(a) Deemeefkeäle (b) efJejefkeäle
(c) mLetue (d) DemLetue
(c) Gefkeäle (d) efJe%eefhle
4. mJehve 9. ‘megmleer’ keâe efJeueesce nw
(a) efveõe (b) peeiejCe (a) levog®mleer (b) Ûegmleer
(c) OÙeeve (d) ceveve (c) lee]peieer (d) megmleerefJenerve
10. ‘efceLÙee’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo keâewve-mee nw? 25. efvecveefueefKele Devegueesce-efJeueesce ÙegiceeW ceW mes keâesF& Skeâ Ùegice mener veneR nw
(a) Dee[cyej (b) OegbOeuee (a) Devlejbie-yeefnjbie (b) GefÛele-DevegefÛele
(c) efoKeevee (d) melÙe (c) megKe-keâ° (d) megmeeOÙe-og:meeOÙe
11. ‘DeLe’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw 26. ‘ceme=Ce’ keâe efJeueesce nw

(a) Devle (b) Fefle (a) keâce (b) ®#e
(c) DeLe& (d) DeIe (c) meeyegle (d) ieeefheâue
12. ‘Mees<ekeâ’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce ÛegefveS 27. ‘DeefYe%e’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) Meesef<ele (b) hees<ekeâ (a) De%e (b) ve%e
(c) heesmekeâ (d) heesef<ele (c) Øe%e (d) Ûelegj
28. ‘efvejLe&keâ’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
13. ‘n<e&’ Meyo kesâ efueS Ûeej efJekeâuhe efoS ieS nQ~ mener efJeueesce Meyo keâe (a) meeLe&keâ (b) DeLe&keâ
ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS (c) efvejLe& (d) efvej#e
(a) Keso (b) Jesovee
(c) og:Ke (d) efJe<eeo 29. efJeueesce MeyoeW kesâ mener Ùegice keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
Meyo efJeueesce
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 14-16) efvecveefueefKele ceW efoS ieS Meyo kesâ efJeueesce kesâ efueS (a) he#eheeleer efve<he#e
Ûeej-Ûeej efJekeâuhe ØemleeefJele nQ~ GefÛele efJekeâuhe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ (b) ØeeÛeerve veJeerve
14. DeefJeMJeeme (c) yeueJeeve efveye&ue
(a) MJeeme (b) efJeMJeeme (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
(c) mevlees<e (d) GÛÚdJeeme
30. ‘GodIeešve’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
15. GoÙe (a) meceeefhle (b) ueeskeâehe&Ce
(a) Demle (b) ueeue (c) efJeceesÛeve (d) meceeheve
(c) Yeeefmele (d) yeefue…
31. ‘Skeâ’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
16. hegCÙe (a) oes (b) DeefOekeâ
(a) oes<e (b) Demebieefle (c) yengle (d) Deveskeâ
(c) heehe (d) heerÌ[e
17. ‘mee#ej’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce keäÙee nw? 32. ‘SsMJeÙe&’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) DeefMeef#ele (b) DeveheÌ{ (a) DevewMJeÙe& (b) JewYeJe
(c) megj#ej (d) efvej#ej (c) efJeueeefmelee (d) oefjõlee
33. ‘$e+peg’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
18. ‘Gæle’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw? (a) ef$ekeâesCe (b) mejue
(a) efJeveÙe (b) DeJeveefle
(c) meerOee (d) Je›eâ
(c) Devegoej (d) efJeveerle
19. ‘Deejesn’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw 34. ‘Jee®Ce’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) ke=âleIve (b) ke=âefLele
(a) DeJejesn (b) ›eâceyeæ
(c) MeerueJeeve (d) efve‰gj
(c) ›eâceevegmeej (d) ueieeleej
35. ‘ke=âle%e’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
20. ‘mevceeie&’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw (a) ke=âleIve (b) ke=âleeLe&
(a) menpe ceeie& (b) megceeie& (c) efvevokeâ (d) ØelÙeghekeâej
(c) Deceeie& (d) kegâceeie&
21. efvecveefueefKele efJekeâuheeW ceW mes ‘ke=âMe’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo ÛegefveS 36. ‘ke=âef$ece’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) menpe (b) Demeueer
(a) ù<š-heg<š (b) kesâMe
(c) Øeeke=âeflekeâ (d) efvee|cele
(c) YeJe (d) efJešhe
22. ‘Deuhe%e’ keâe efJeueesce efoS ieS efJekeâuheeW ceW mes ÛegefveS 37. ‘efÚvve’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) efYevve (b) DeefYevve
(a) DeefYe%e (b) DeJe%e
(c) Øeef#ehle (d) mebueive
(c) ke=âle%e (d) meJe&%e
23. ‘Deblejbie’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw 38. ‘pebiece’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) mLeeJej (b) ØeJeen
(a) yeenjer (b) yeefnjbie
(c) meyeue (d) ogye&ue
(c) Thejer (d) yee¢e
24. ‘De#ele’ keâe efJeueesce nw 39. ‘vewmee|iekeâ’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) meceeveeLe&keâ (b) ke=âef$ece
(a) #eefle (b) ÛeeJeue
(c) Ûecelkeâej (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR
(c) efJe#ele (d) hetCe&
{hÝXr$ 79
40. ‘Yeesuee’ keâe efJeueesce nw 54. pÙeeseflece&Ùe

(a) Ûeeueekeâ (b) lespemJeer (a) ØekeâeMeceÙe (b) leceesceÙe
(c) yegefæceeve (d) ÛebÛeue (c) efJeYeeJejer (d) MeJe&jer
41. ‘ÙeLeeLe&’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw 55. heeMÛeelÙe
(a) ke=âef$ece (b) DeeoMe& (a) ØeleerÛeer (b) ØeeÛeer
(c) GefÛele (d) DevegefÛele (c) heewJee&lÙe (d) ØelÙe#e
42. ‘efJe«en’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw 56. #ecee
(a) meefvOe (b) DeefJe«en (a) yegje (b) Deveefnle
(c) Dee«en (d) «enCe (c) oC[ (d) ØeleeÌ[ve
43. ‘mebkeâerCe&’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw 57. KesÛej
(a) meb#eshe (b) efJemleej (a) YetÛej (b) peueÛej
(c) efJekeâerCe& (d) efJemleerCe& (c) heefjÛej (d) veYeÛej
58. iecYeerj
44. ‘meeOeg’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) Mejejleer (b) Glheeleer
(a) meeOegveer (b) mebvÙeeefmeve
(c) JeeÛeeue (d) meleke&â
(c) meeOJeer (d) DemeeOeg
59. Deveeoj
45. ‘Deehes#e’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw (a) ceeve (b) mecceeve
(a) Demeehes#e (b) efve<he#e (c) Deeoj (d) melkeâej
(c) efvejhes#e (d) meehes#e
60. Oeje
46. ‘Dehes#ee’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw (a) ef#eefle (b) Fuee
(a) efvevoe (b) Deveghes#ee (c) ieieve (d) Devleefj#e
(c) Ghes#ee (d) eflejmkeâej
61. F<š
47. ‘mJeeOeerve’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw (a) efJejesOeer (b) Deefve<š
(a) mJelev$e (b) mJeÛÚvo (c) ØeefleÉvÉer (c) Me$eg
(c) hejeOeerve (d) efvejbkegâMe 62. keâ<e&Ce
48. ‘me=ef<š’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw (a) Deekeâ<e&Ce (b) efJekeâ<e&Ce
(a) efJeveeMe (b) efJeOJebme (c) Øe#esheCe (d) HeWâkeâvee
(c) ØeueÙe (d) me=peve~ 63. KeC[ve
49. ‘jepee’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw (a) SkeâerkeâjCe (b) ØemHegâšve
(a) Øepee (b) jeveer (c) efJeIešve (d) ceC[ve
(c) mesveeheefle (d) jbkeâ 64. ‘Yeeweflekeâ’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ (b) oeMe&efvekeâ
50. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve-mee efJeueesce Meyo Ùegice ieuele nw?
(c) meebmke=âeflekeâ (d) jepeveereflekeâ
(a) F<š-Deefve<š
(b) Úueer-efveMÚue 65. ‘ØeeÛeer’ Meyo keâe efJehejerleeLe&keâ nw
(c) Glkeâ<e&-efve<keâ<e& (a) GoerÛeer (b) ØeleerÛeer
(d) meevegveeefmekeâ-efvejvegveeefmekeâ (c) veJeerve (d) meceerÛeer
51. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes mener efJeueesce Meyo-Ùegice keâewve-mee nw? 66. ‘meceef<š’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) hee"dÙe-meghee"dÙe (b) vele-DeJevele (a) efJeefMe<š (b) JÙeef<š
(c) efMe<š-efJeefMe<š (d) mebefMue<š-efJeefMue<š (c) DeefMe<š (d) Dehegef<š
52. efJeueesce Meyo keâe keâewve-mee Ùegice mener veneR nw? 67. ‘mJeie&’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw
(a) yewkegbâ" (b) osJeueeskeâ
(a) efve<he#e-he#eOej (b) eflekeäle-ceOegj
(c) vejkeâ (d) hejceOeece
(c) keâefuhele-mJeefhveue (d) DeeEkeâÛeve-mechevve
68. ‘jeie’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 53-66) ceW efoS efJeueesce Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve Gmekesâ veerÛes efoS ieS (a) Devegjeie (b) efJejeie
efJekeâuheeW ceW mes keâerefpeS~ (c) Deemeefkeäle (d) Devegjefkeäle
53. ieesÛej 69. ‘met#ce’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw
(a) DeieesÛej (b) GYeÙeÛej (a) mLetue (b) yeejerkeâ
(c) peueÛej (d) veYeÛej (c) #eerCe (d) heleuee
70. ‘keâewefšuÙe’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw 85. ‘Øeefleketâue’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) ce=oguelee (b) Deele&Je (a) meceeve (b) ØeefleoMe&
(c) ceeo&Je (d) Deepe&Je (c) Devegketâue (d) Devegmeej
71. ‘DeJeefve’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw 86. ‘DeefveJeeÙe&’ keâe efJehejerleeLe&keâ Meyo nw
(a) Oeje (b) MeMeebkeâ (a) efveJeejCeerÙe (b) SsefÛÚkeâ
(c) Decyej (d) efmeleeje (c) DeveeJeMÙekeâ (d) DeeJeMÙekeâ
72. ‘cetle&’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw 87. ‘Øehegâuue’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) Decetle& (b) Øeeflecetle& (a) keâ®Cee (b) Meeskeâ
(c) meccetle& (d) DeÂ<š (c) og:Ke (d) efJe<eeo
73. ‘mece’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw 88. ‘yeÛÛes–yetÌ{s’ efkeâme Meyo Ùegice kesâ Devleie&le Deeles nQ?
(a) Kemece (b) Yemece (a) meeLe&keâ-efvejLe&keâ Ùegice (b) efJeueesce Ùegice
(c) efJe<ece (d) keâmece (c) heÙee&Ùe Ùegice (d) efvejLe&keâ-efvejLe&keâ Ùegice
74. ‘ueeskeâ’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw
(a) odÙegueeskeâ (b) Deueeskeâ 89. ‘Deeefo-Devle’ efkeâme Meyo Ùegice kesâ Devleie&le Deeles nQ?
(a) meeLe&keâ-efvejLe&keâ Ùegice (b) efJeueesce Ùegice
(c) efJeueeskeâ (d) hejueeskeâ
(c) heÙee&Ùe Ùegice (d) efvejLe&keâ-efvejLe&keâ Ùegice
75. ‘meccegKe’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw
(a) efJecegKe (b) ØecegKe 90. ‘efÛejbleve’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(c) heeMJe& (d) mece#e (a) Devle (b) Deeefo
(c) efvejvleve (d) veMJej
76. ‘Jekeälee’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw
(a) DeeÙeespekeâ (b) ØeeÙeespekeâ 91. DeMegæ efJeueesce Ùegice keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(c) ßeeslee (d) JÙeeKÙeelee (a) keâke&âMe-ceOegj (b) SsMJeÙe&-DevewMJeÙe&
77. ‘DeeJe=le’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw (c) $e+peg-Je›eâ (d) Ssefnkeâ-ueewefkeâkeâ
(a) efJeceesefÛele (b) DeeÛÚvve 92. ‘GLeuee’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw
(c) heefjefÛÚvve (d) DeveeJe=òe (a) ienje (b) efÚÚuee
78. ‘Ghekeâej’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw (c) meceleue (d) GYeej
(a) hejeshekeâej (b) Dehekeâej 93. ‘Yeeweflekeâ’ keâe efJeueesce efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve-mee nw?
(c) Denbkeâej (d) Dence (a) ueewefkeâkeâ (b) DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ
(c) #eefCekeâ (d) peefšue
79. ‘Keesše’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(a) efJeKeesše (b) Keje 94. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes ‘DeveeLe’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw
(c) DeKeesše (d) Úesše (a) Devveoelee (b) DeyeesOe
80. efoS ieS Meyo keâe efJeueesce ÛegveW (c) meveeLe (d) ogyeexOe
Deeefo 95. DeMegæ efJeueesce Ùegice nw
(a) DeejcYe (b) yeyee&oer (a) mebMues<eCe-efJeMues<eCe (b) Mueerue-DeMueerue
(c) Deeyeeoer (d) Deveeefo (c) meefle-kegâueše (d) memeerce-Demeerce
81. efoS ieS Meyo keâe efJeueesce ÛegveW 96. ‘$e+leg’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo keäÙee nw?
Deeoeve (a) Deve=le (b) Je›eâ
(a) «enCe (b) efveoeve (c) efJekeâerCe& (d) DevewkeäÙe
(c) Øeoeve (d) veeoeve 97. ‘heefjmeerceve’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
82. ‘hetJe&Jeleea’ keâe efJehejerleeLe&keâ Meyo nw (a) memeerce (b) efvejmeerceve
(a) heefMÛeceJeleea (b) oef#eCeJeleea (c) Demeerceve (d) memeerceve
(c) hejJeleea (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR 98. ‘lÙekeäle’ Meyo keâe mener efJeueesce nw
83. keâewve-mee Meyo ‘hejceeLe&’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce nw, Gmes henÛeeefveS (a) ie=nerle (b) lÙeepÙe
(a) mJeeLe& (b) mee#ej (c) legÛÚ (d) efØeÙe
(c) cetKe& (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR 99. ‘efveef<eæ’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
84. efoS ieS MeyoeW ceW mes ‘DeeefJeYee&Je’ Meyo keâe efJeueesce Meyo henÛeeefveS~ (a) efJeefnle (b) mebefoiOe
(a) DeveeefJeYe&Je (b) Yeeie&Je (c) DevegheÙeesieer (d) ØeefleyeefvOele
(c) eflejesYeeJe (d) «enCeer
{hÝXr$ 81
100. DeOeesefueefKele efJeueesce Meyo ÙegiceeW ceW mes keâewve-mee mener veneR nw? 103. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efJeueesce MeyoeW keâer Âef<š mes Skeâ Ùegice ieuele nw, Jen nw
(a) ØemeejCe-mebkegâÛeve (b) DeespemJeer-efvemlespe (a) ceewve-cegKej
(c) efYe%e-meefYe%e (d) osneleer-Menjer (b) Meeveoej-Mece&veekeâ
(c) yeye&j-meYÙe
101. ‘#eefCekeâ’ keâe mener efJeueesce Meyo nw
(d) DevegÛej-heefjÛej
(a) Deuhe (b) MeeMJele
(c) #ej (d) efJecegKe 104. efJeueesce MeyoeW keâer Âef<š mes FveceW Skeâ Ùegice ieuele nw, Jen nw
(a) Deefcele-heefjefcele
102. ‘De«epe’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
(b) melkeâej-eflejmkeâej
(a) De#ele (b) Delegue
(c) DeeÛÚeefole-heefjÛÚvve
(c) Devegpe (d) Dešue
(d) megKe-og:Ke
CÎma‘mbm
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (c) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (a) 16. (c) 17. (d) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (d)
21. (a) 22. (d) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (c) 26. (b) 27. (a) 28. (a) 29. (d) 30. (d)
31. (d) 32. (a) 33. (d) 34. (d) 35. (a) 36. (c) 37. (d) 38. (a) 39. (b) 40. (a)
41. (b) 42. (a) 43. (d) 44. (d) 45. (c) 46. (c) 47. (c) 48. (c) 49. (d) 50. (c)
51. (b) 52. (c) 53. (a) 54. (b) 55. (c) 56. (c) 57. (a) 58. (c) 59. (c) 60. (c)
61. (b) 62. (b) 63. (d) 64. (a) 65. (b) 66. (b) 67. (c) 68. (b) 69. (a) 70. (c)
71. (c) 72. (a) 73. (c) 74. (d) 75. (a) 76. (c) 77. (d) 78. (b) 79. (b) 80. (d)
81. (c) 82. (c) 83. (a) 84. (c) 85. (c) 86. (b) 87. (d) 88. (b) 89. (b) 90. (d)
91. (d) 92. (c) 93. (b) 94. (c) 95. (c) 96. (a) 97. (c) 98. (a) 99. (a) 100. (c)
101. (b) 102. (c) 103. (d) 104. (c)
AÜ¶m¶ 03
gå‘moMm[aV {^ÝZmW©H$ eãX

meceesÛÛeeefjle-efYevveeLe&keâ MeyoeW keâes ‘Ùegice-Meyo’, ‘meceOJevÙeelcekeâ Meyo’, ‘meceeveeYeeme Meyo’ Yeer keânles nQ; pewmes—`Deveue' Deewj `Deefveue' Meyo keâe GÛÛeejCe meceeve-mee nw,
uesefkeâve ‘Deveue’ keâe DeLe& nw—`Deeie' Deewj `Deefveue' keâe DeLe& nw—`JeeÙeg'~
efJeÅeeefLe&ÙeeW kesâ DeOÙeÙeve nsleg meceesÛÛeeefjle efYevveeLe&keâ MeyoeW keâer leeefuekeâe Øemlegle nw
Meyo DeLe& Meyo DeLe& Meyo DeLe& Meyo DeLe&
Dekeâj ve keâjves ÙeesiÙe DeOetle efveYe&Ùe Decye ceelee DeefJe%e cetKe&
Deekeâj Keeve/Keoeve DeJeOetle Ùeesieer Decyeg peue DeefYe%e peevekeâej
Deie metÙe&/DeÛeue Deype keâceue Deiece ogue&Ye DeYeÙe efveYe&Ùe
DeIe heehe Deyo Je<e& Deeiece Meem$e/Glheefòe GYeÙe oesveeW
DeÛeue efmLej DeefYejece megvoj DeCeer veeWkeâ/Deveer Deentle yegueeÙee ngDee
DebÛeue meeÌ[er keâe Úesj/efkeâveeje DeefJejece ueieeleej DeeefCe leueJeej keâer Oeej Deentefle nesce
DebefÛele iegLee ngDee/hetefpele Dehekeâej yegjeF& DeefYe%e peevekeâej DeeJe=efòe oesnjevee
DeefÛeled peÌ[/Ûesleve jefnle Deheceeve eflejmkeâej DeveefYe%e Devepeeve DeeJe=òe efIeje ngDee
DepeÙe pees peerlee ve pee mekesâ DeefYeefnle heerše ieÙee DeefYemeej Øesceer mes efÚhekeâj efceuevee Deeoer DeYÙemle
DepeÙee YeeBie/yekeâjer DeefYenle hegkeâeje ieÙee DeYeermeej Dee›eâceCe Deeefo DeejcYe
Delehe Meerleue DeefYeÙeeve ÛeÌ{eF& DejLeer efškeâ"er/PeeBpeer Deemekeâle megmleer
Deelehe Oethe DeefYeceeve IeceC[ DeLeea Ûeenves Jeeuee Deemekeäle efuehle
Deveue Deeie DeefJejesOe cesue Dejyeer Dejye keâer Yee<ee Deekeâj Keeve
Deefveue JeeÙeg DeJejesOe ®keâeJeš DejJeer keâvo Ùee IegFÙeeB Deekeâej Deeke=âefle
Debievee m$eer DeefJeuecye legjvle Deefve<š yegjeF&/neefve Deemevve efvekeâš
DeBievee Úesše/DeeBieve DeJeuecye meneje Deefve<" efve<"enerve Deemeve uesšves/yew"ves keâe Jem$e
Devle meceeefhle Depe&ve meb«en Deefcele yengle/DeefOekeâ DeeB"er ieg"ueer
DevlÙe veerÛe DeÛe&ve hetpee Deceerle ogMceve DeeBšer metle keâe ueÛÚe
Devlej efYevvelee DeIe& peueoeve Decetue yespeÌ[ Deejleer Oethe-oerhe efoKeevee
Devevlej yeeo ceW DeIÙe& hetpeeõJÙe DecetuÙe Deveceesue Deejefle ogKe/efJejefkeäle
Dehej otmeje Depej pees hegjevee ve nes DevÙe otmeje DeeYejCe DeeYet<eCe
Deheej Demeerce Deefpej DeeBieve Devve Deveepe DeeJejCe heoe&/heš
Decyegpe keâceue Deefuekeâ ueueeš Fefle Devle kegâcnej yele&ve yeveeves Jeeuee
Decyego yeeoue Deueerkeâ Pet" F&efle Deeheoe kegâceej efyevee yÙeene
DebMe Yeeie/efnmmee Deefue YeeQje Fefvoje ue#ceer ke=âleer hegCÙeelcee/efJeÉeve
Debme keâvOee Deeueer meKeer Fvõe FvõeCeer ke=âefle jÛevee
Deleue efpemekeâe leue ve nes DeJeefue hebefkeäle F$e megievOe ke=âheeCe leueJeej
Delegue efpemekeâer leguevee ve nes DeeefJeue ievoe Flej otmeje/Ûejme ke=âheCe kebâpetme
Ghes#ee eflejmkeâej/Goemeervelee DeMekeäle DemeceLe& Fmlejer Øesme kesâme cegkeâocee
Dehes#ee leguevee ceW/DeeMee Demekeäle Goemeerve m$eer ceefnuee kesâMe yeeue
DeÛeej Kešdše KeeÅe heoeLe& Dehele efyevee heòes keâe F&Me mJeeceer/ceeefuekeâ kesâmej peeheâjeve/kegâcekegâce
DeeÛeej JÙeJenej Deheš Jem$enerve F&<e efMeJe keâe Skeâ DevegÛej kesâMej eEmen keâer ieo&ve kesâ yeeue
DeYÙeeme efkeâmeer keâece keâes keâjvee DeMce helLej F&mee nefj<e/yeue/F&mee cemeern keâewMeue vewhegCÙe
DeYÙeeMe efvekeâš DeMJe IeesÌ[e F&Mee SsMJeÙe&/megKe keâesMeue DeJeOe ØeosMe
{hÝXr$ 83

Gheceeve leguevee keâewÌ[er keâheefo&keâe pet"e GefÛÚ<š Yeespeve efoÙee osvee
Deheceeve eflejmkeâej keâesÌ[er yeerme Ùee yeerme keâe mecetn Pet"e DemelÙeJeeoer oerÙee oerhekeâ
Gheue helLej keâewj «eeme peje LeesÌ[e/Deuhe efove efoJeme
Gheuee keâC[e keâesj efkeâveeje peje yegÌ{ehee oerve iejerye
Gyeejvee yeÛeevee keâheerMe nvegceeve/meg«eerJe pevlee Ûekeäkeâer oerhe oerhekeâ
GYeejvee Gkeâmeevee/TBÛee keâjvee keâefheMe cešcewuee pevelee ueesie Éerhe šehet
GheÙegkeäle GefÛele keâjlee keâjvee pej" yetÌ{e osJe osJelee
GheÙe&gkeäle Thej keâne ieÙee keâlee& Skeâ Øekeâej keâe keâejkeâ pe"j hesš owJe YeeiÙe
Gæle DekeäKeÌ[/GodoC[ keâLee keâneveer pegÌ[e mebueive oeje m$eer
GÅele lewÙeej keâlLee Kewj keâe mele petÌ[e kesâMeeW keâe yevOeve Éeje ceehe&âle
GheefmLeefle GheueyOelee keâÌ[er meKle pegDee yewueeW kesâ keâvOes keâer uekeâÌ[er õJe lejue heoeLe&
GheefmLeefle neefpej keâÌ{er oner Deewj yesmeve keâe petDee Åetle ›eâerÌ[e õJÙe Jemleg
meeueve peiele mebmeej Oetje Oetue
GlkeâÛe iebpee keâefšyevOe veeÌ[e peiele kegâSB keâe Ûeyetleje Oegje De#e
Glkeâš leer›e/Øeyeue keâefšyeæ lewÙeej Új ÚjeX kesâ Jesie keâe Meyo Oeeve Devve efJeMes<e
Gæej keâ<š mes cegefkeäle keâesMe Meyo Pej heeveer efiejves keâe mLeeve OevÙe mejenvee
GOeej keâpe& keâes<e Kepeevee [esue ueesns keâe yele&ve veerle ueeÙee ngDee
$e+led melÙe/cees#e keâjCe meeOeve [ewue {eBÛee veerefle meoeÛeej heæefle
$e+leg ceewmece keâCe& keâeve
[eWieer Úesšer veeJe vevoer efMeJepeer keâe yewue
Deesšvee efyeveewues Deueie keâjvee keâeKe yeieue
{eWieer heeKeC[er veevoer cebieueeÛejCe
Deewšvee Keewueves keâer ef›eâÙee keâekeâ keâewDee
[er" vepej veeF lejn/meceeve
Deesj lejheâ keâÌÌ[eF& keâÌ[eheve
{er" Oe=<š veeF& yeeue keâešves Jeeuee
Deewj leLee keâÌ{eF& keâMeeroekeâejer
[eue Je=#e keâer MeeKee veeÌ[er efMeje Ùee veype
keâšewleer keâceer Keje&Ûe DeefceleJÙeÙeer/KeÛeeauee
{eue j#ekeâ/{ueeve veejer m$eer
keâ"ewleer keâe" keâe yele&ve KejeWÛe efÚue peeves keâe efÛeÖ
{ueeF& {eueves keâer ef›eâÙee efvele Øeefleefove
keâeruee KeBtšer/keâerue «en metÙe&/Ûevõ Deeefo ve#e$e
ef{ueeF& efMeefLeuelee vele Pegkeâe ngDee
efkeâuee ieÌ{ ie=n Iej
kegâue JebMe ieeÌ[er meJeejer/Ùeeve lehle iejce efveJee&Ce cees#e
ketâue efkeâveeje ieeÌ{er Ieveer le=hle mebleg<š efvecee&Ce yeveevee
kegâš efkeâuee/Iej efieefj heJe&le leekeâle Meefkeäle/yeue veeJekeâ Úesše leerj
ketâš heneÌ[ keâer Ûeesšer/JÙebiÙe efiejer yeerpe keâe ietoe leKele ÛeejheeF& veeefJekeâ ceuueen
keBâšeruee keâe@šsoej efieje JeeCeer le®Ce ÙegJee efveefceòe nsleg
keâšeruee keâešves Jeeuee efieje heeflele le® Je=#e veefcele Pegkeâe ngDee
keâeblee megvoj m$eer iesÙe ieeves Jeeuee veerj heeveer heefjCeefle meceeefhle
keâebleej pebieue %esÙe pees peevee pee mekesâ veerÌ[ IeeWmeuee heefjCele ¤heevleefjle
kegâÛe mleve ietBLevee meevevee efvemeeve PeC[e heerÌ[e oo&
ketâÛe ØemLeeve ietLevee efhejesvee efveMeeve efÛeÖ heerÌ{e Ûeewkeâer
Ûeefjle peerJeveer leekeâ Ietjkeâj osKevee efveefnle efÚhee ngDee/ceewpe hegjer veiejer
Ûeefj$e DeeÛejCe leeKe oerJeej keâe Deeuee efvenle ceeje ngDee hetjer hetÌ[er/mechetCe&
efÛeòe ceve lejefCe metÙe& efveÙele efveefMÛele hetÚ hetÚves keâer ef›eâÙee
efÛele heÌ[e ngDee lejCeer veeJe efveÙeefle YeeiÙe heBtÚ ogce
efÛej oerIe& lees<e mevlegef<š veerjo yeeoue Øesef<ele Yespee ngDee
Ûeerj keâheÌ[e leesMe efnbmee veerjpe keâceue Øeesef<ele ØeJeemeer
Ûehele LehheÌ[ lejbie uenj he®<e keâ"esj heâue Keeves Jeeuee heâue
Ûechele ieeÙeye legjbie IeesÌ[e heg®<e vej/ceo& heâeue nue keâer veeWkeâ
Ûejme ieeBpee/Delej Leefle Oejesnj heš Jem$e heâve mehe& keâe heâve
Ûejmee ÛeceÌ[s keâe Lewuee efleefLe efoveebkeâ hešdš leKleer heâve keâuee/iegCe
Ûe›eâJeekeâ ÛekeâJee he#eer oMee neuele heefjCeece heâue yeng yengle
Ûe›eâJeele yeJeC[j efoMee Deesj/lejheâ heefjceeCe cee$ee yent JeOet
efÛelee cegoe& (peueves Jeeuee) oe¤ Mejeye/GheÛeej heeme efvekeâš yenve menesoje
efÛevlee meesÛeveerÙe YeeJe oe® uekeâÌ[er heeMe yevOeve Jenve {esvee
Úe$e efJeÅeeLeea oMeve keâešvee Øeoerhe oerhekeâ yeeve Deeole
Ú$e Úle obMeve oeBle Øeleerhe Guše yeeCe leerj

Øemeeo Yeesie/ke=âhee yeej oheâe yeBmeer ceÚueer keâe keâeBše metle Oeeiee
Øeemeeo cenue Jeej efove JebMeer cegjueer megle yesše
ØeCeece DeefYeJeeove Meyo yeeme iebOe yeove Mejerj meie& DeOÙeeÙe
ØeceeCe meyetle Jeeme efveJeeme Jeove Ûesnje mJeie& leermeje ueeskeâ
helee ef"keâevee yeele Jeelee& yÙeepe meto meleer heefle›elee
heòee heCe& Jeele JeeÙeg JÙeepe keâheš/heâjsye Meleer Meleeyoer
heleve efiejvee yeeie ueieece yeeoer ieefj<" Yeespeve mehle meele
heòeve yevojieen yee]ie GÅeeve Jeeoer cegodoF&/Jekeälee Mehle ßeehe heeÙee ngDee
heÌ[vee efiejvee yegje Kejeye Jeeo leke&â meosn meMejerj
heÌ{vee DeOÙeÙeve yetje Mekeäkeâj efJeJeeo PeieÌ[e mevosn Mekeâ
heLe jemlee yeefue vewJesÅe/heMeg yeefue Jemleg Ûeer]pe meeiej mecegõ
hebLe cele/mecØeoeÙe yeueer yeueJeeve Jeemleg cekeâeve meeiej hÙeeuee
heJeve nJee yeeÌ[ heâmeue j#ee Iesje efJeue#eCe DeodYegle megefOe mcejCe
heeJeve heefJe$e yeeÌ{ Øeeke=âeflekeâ Deeheoe efJeÛe#eCe Ûelegj megOeer mecePeoej
ØeJeen yeneJe Yeerle [je ngDee JÙeie Dehebie mepee mepeeÙee ngDee
hejJeen efheâ›eâ/OÙeeve efYeefòe oerJeej JÙebiÙe heefjneme mepee oC[
ØeosMe Øeevle YegJeve mebmeej JÙepeve hebKee meòJe meej
hejosMe efJeosMe YeJeve Iej JÙebpeve JeCe&/KeeÅe heoeLe& mJeòJe DeefOekeâej
ØeÛeejkeâ ØeÛeej keâjves Jeeuee ceefCe jlve mekeâue mechetCe& neue meceeÛeej
heefjÛeejkeâ mesJekeâ ceCeer meeBhe Mekeâue šgkeâÌ[e neuee Mejeye
heefjCeÙe efJeJeen ceevekeâ mlej Mekeâ" ceÛeeve nsce mJeCe&
ØeCeÙe Øesce ceeefvekeâ ueeue jbie keâe jlve Mekeâš yewueieeÌ[er efnce yehe&â
Øeke=âle ÙeLeeLe& ceveespe keâeceosJe mebkeâj efceefßele nbmeer ceeoe nbme
Øeeke=âle Skeâ Yee<ee cevees%e megvoj Mebkeâj efMeJepeer nBmeer nBmeves keâer ef›ebâÙee
heefjnej lÙeeie cesOe Ùe%e MeMeOej Ûevõcee nbmecegKe nbme keâe cegKe
Øenej Ûeesš cesOee yegefæ MeefMeOej efMeJe nBmecegKe cepeeefkeâÙee
cesoe hesš mJepeve mecyevOeer/efce$e meeuee helveer keâe YeeF& nukeâe keâce Jepeve
cewoe Deeše MJepeve kegâòes keâe yeÛÛee Meeuee Iej nuekeâe #es$e
leLeeiele YeieJeeve yegæ meece iesÙe Jeso cev$e efMeje veeÌ[er/veeefuekeâe #e$e cegkegâš
ÙeLeeiele cetKe& Meece meeÙeb efmeje Úesj/efkeâveeje #ee$e #eef$eÙe
jmee lejer mebkeâjer mebkeâj keâe m$eerefuebie Metj Jeerj ef#eefle he=LJeer
jmmee ceesšer jmmeer meBkeâjer lebie metj DevOee #eefle neefve
jsKee uekeâerj MÙeece ke==â<Ce Megkeäue mehesâo #ecee ceeheâ keâjvee
uesKee efnmeeye-efkeâleeye mÙeece SefMeÙee keâe Skeâ osMe Megukeâ heâerme Úceener Ú: cenerves keâe
ue#e ueeKe mebefKeÙee efJe<e <eef<š mee" %eeveer yegefæceeve
ue#Ùe OÙesÙe mebKÙee efieveleer <e<"er Ú"er %eeve yegefæ
dñVw{ZîR>àíZ
efveoxMe (Øe. meb. 1-70 lekeâ) meYeer ØeMveeW kesâ Meyo-Ùegice kesâ mener DeLe&-Yeso keâe 3. Decyegpe—Decyego
ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ (a) yeeoue—keâceue (b) mecegõ—yeeoue
(c) keâceue—yeeoue (d) Yeücej—cekeâjvo
1. Deype—Deyo
(a) keâceue-Je<e& (b) megvoj-ueieeleej 4. Dehes#ee—Ghes#ee
(c) ÛeÌ{eF&-IeceC[ (d) celeueye-Oeve (a) «enCe—lÙeeie (b) efvekeâš—otj
(c) eflejmkeâej—DeeMee (d) DeeMee—eflejmkeâej
2. Dehej—Deheej
(a) efJemle=le—mebkegâefÛele (b) otmeje—Demeerce 5. Deiece—Deeiece
(c) TBÛee—DeLeen (d) Úesše—efnmmee (a) ogue&Ye—Glheefòe (b) Meem$e—Meem$eer
(c) Glheefòe—ogue&Ye (d) mJeevegYetle—Devepeeve
{hÝXr$ 85
6. DeJej—Dehej 21. kebâkeâeue—kebâieeue

(a) Deefleefjkeäle-efvecve (b) efvecve-DevÙe (a) DeefmLehebpej—oefjõ (b) keâke&âMe—efYeKeejer
(c) GÛÛe-efvecve (d) efvecve-GÛÛe (c) DeeEkeâÛeve—yesF&ceeve (d) oefjõlee—legÛÚle
7. DeefYeÙegkeäle—DeYÙegefkeäle 22. keâ#ee—keâÛÚe
(a) Jeeoer—ØeefleJeeoer (b) efšhheCeer—DehejeOeer (a) peeBefIeÙee—Úe$e mecetn (b) Úe$e mecetn—peeBefIeÙee
(c) DehejeOeer—efšhheCeer (d) DeYÙeLeea—efveÙeeskeälee (c) Iesje—heefjOeeve (d) Ûe›eâ—JÙeeÙeece
8. DeefYejece—D]eefJejece 23. kegâue—ketâue
(a) meeceLÙe&—Gvveefle (b) Øeele:keâeue—meeÙebkeâeue (a) mecemle—Meeefvle (b) Ùeesie—"C[e
(c) ueieeleej—megvoj (d) megvoj—ueieeleej (c) JebMe—efkeâveeje (d) "C[eF&—Ùeesie
9. Deefcele—Deceerle 24. keâuce<e—kegâucee<e
(a) yengle—Me$eg (b) Me$eg—efce$e (a) ceve keâe cewue—meeeflJekeâ (b) heehe—hegCÙe
(c) heÙee&hle—DeefOekeâ (d) DeefOekeâ—vÙetve (c) kegâuLeer, Go&—keâeefueKe (d) keâeefueKe—kegâuLeer, Go&
10. DeefJejesOe—DeJejesOe 25. ke=âle%e—ke=âleIve
(a) legjvle-meneje (b) cesue-®keâeJeš (a) Ghekeâej ceeveves Jeeuee—Ghekeâej ve ceeveves Jeeuee
(c) DemeceLe&-DeejcYe (d) cesue-legjvle (b) Ghekeâejer—Dehekeâejer
(c) Dehekeâejer—Ghekeâejer
11. DeeYeeme—DeYÙeeme (d) Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâesF& veneR
(a) ÂMÙe—heefjßece (b) DevegYetefle—keâmejle
(c) Yeüce—Deeole (d) ÚeÙee—ØeefleÚeÙee 26. ke=âheCe—ke=âheeCe
(a) leueJeej—kebâpetme (b) kebâpetme—leueJeej
12. Deemeve—Deemevve (c) DeheJÙeÙeer—efceleJÙeÙeer (d) efceleJÙeÙeer—DeheJÙeÙeer
(a) Ùeesie—OÙeeve (b) efvekeâš—otj
(c) ÛešeF&—efyeÚeÙee ngDee (d) efyeÚewvee—efvekeâš DeeÙee ngDee
27. keâefšyeæ—keâefšyevOe
(a) keâjOeveer—lewÙeej (b) lešyebOe—keâšglJe
13. DeeÙegkeäle—DeÙegkeäle (c) lewÙeej—keâcejyebo (d) keâšglJe—lešyebOe
(a) keâefceMvej—pees GefÛele ve nes (b) DeefOekeâejer—pees keâne ve peeS 28. kesâMe—kesâme
(c) DevegefÛele—GÛÛeeefOekeâejer (d) mebueive—DevegefÛele (a) ceeceuee—IeesÌ[s keâer ieo&ve kesâ yeeue
14. DeeÅe—DeÅe (b) kesâmej—keâmletjer
(a) Jele&ceeve—Yetle (b) henuee—Deepe (c) nuoer—otye (d) yeeue—cegkeâocee
(c) ceÙee&oe—DevegefÛele (d) ØekeâeMe—Jele&ceeve 29. Keeo—KeeÅe
15. DeeÛeej—DeeÛeeÙe& (a) GJe&jkeâ—Keeves ÙeesiÙe (b) meÌ[ve—heLÙe
(a) Øeke=âefle—heg®<e (b) efMe#ekeâ—mJeYeeJe (c) heeLesÙe—Devve (d) MeerleuehesÙe—Yeespeve
(c) jerefle-JÙeJenej—efJeÉeved (d) Deveg<"eve—keâLeeJeeÛekeâ 30. ieCevee—ieÌ[vee
16. F&Mee—F&<ee (a) mebKÙee—oyeevee (b) efieveleer—ÛegYevee
(a) ceneved—lehemJeer (c) peesÌ[vee—Ieševee (d) Ùeesie—Yeesie
(b) hejeshekeâejer—ØeYeglJe 31. ie=n—«en
(c) lÙeeie—SsMJeÙe& (a) efveJeeme—keâ#ee (b) ve#e$e—ceiejceÛÚ
(d) SsMJeÙe&—nue keâer uecyeer uekeâÌ[er (c) Iej—ve#e$e (d) IeefÌ[Ùeeue—leejeieCe
17. Gheue—Glheue 32. efÛeòe—efÛele
(a) Deesuee—keâceue (b) Thejer—heeveer (a) ogefJeOee—Lekeâe ngDee (b) hejeefpele—Devle:keâjCe
(c) peJeeye—Je<ee& (d) keâceue—MewJeeue (c) ÛebÛeue—hejeefpele (d) ceve—heer" kesâ yeue heÌ[e ngDee
18. $e+le—$e+leg 33. DeCe—Deveg
(a) ceewmece—Je<ee& (b) melÙe—ceewmece (a) keâCe—heMÛeeled (b) heMÛeeled—keâCe
(c) DeefvelÙe—meoea (d) F&MJej—ieceea (c) efcešdšer—helLej (d) Deveepe-heMÛeeled
19. Gheceeve—Ghekeâej 34. Ú$e—#e$e
(a) GefÛele-YeueeF& (b) melÙe-meeOeve (a) cegkegâš—Úelee (b) Úelee—#eef$eÙe
(c) leguevee-YeueeF& (d) JeeCeer-heeflele (c) jepee—mesveeheefle (d) efJeÅeeLeea—mewefvekeâ
20. keâCe&—keâjCe 35. pej-peje
(a) Thej—keâlee& (b) Thejer—FefvõÙe (a) cetue—jesie (b) yegKeej—peuee ngDee
(c) keâesCe keâer Yegpee—keâejkeâ (d) keâeve—meeOeve (c) oewuele—LeesÌ[e, Deuhe (d) pJeej-Yeeše
36. pegÌ[e-petÌ[e 51. ‘Decyej-Decyeej’ Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& nw

(a) yevOeve—mebueive (b) JÙemeve—Åetle ef›eâÙee (a) Decej—DecejeF& (b) Jem$e—DelÙeefOekeâ
(c) Ùeewefiekeâ—efceßeCe (d) mebueive—kesâMe yevOeve (c) DeekeâeMe—Skeâ heâue efJeMes<e (d) keâheÌ[e—efmeueeF&
37. lejbie—legjbie 52. ‘ceefvoj-ceefvoje’ Ùegice keâe GheÙegkeäle DeLe& Jeeuee Ùegice keâewve nw?
(a) uenj—IeesÌ[e (b) DeeJesMe—lJeefjle ef›eâÙee (a) hetpeeie=n—hegpeejer (b) cekeâeve—meJeejer
(c) Deevevo—neLeer (d) JewYeJe—leerJeÇieeceer (c) iegheâe—yeÌ[er iegheâe (d) osJeeueÙe—DeMJeMeeuee
38. le=Ce—$eeCe 53. ‘Oee$e-Oee$eer’ Meyo Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& Jeeuee efJekeâuhe henÛeeefveS
(a) meeOeejCe—Mees<eCe (b) eflevekeâe—cegefkeäle, Úgškeâeje (a) yele&ve—ceelee (b) DeekeâeMe—Oejleer
(c) efJeveceü—kegâefšue (d) kegâMe keâer veeWkeâ—Deemeve (c) lecyeeketâ—jme keâueMe (d) PeC[e—OeejCe keâjves Jeeuee
39. leveg—levet 54. ‘veewšbkeâer-veewšbkeâe’ Meyo Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& keäÙee nw?
(a) nukeâe—leer#Ce (b) Mejerj—efØeÙe (a) [êcee—DeefYeveslee (b) ueeskeâveešdÙe—DelÙevle nukeâe
(c) heleuee—Mejerj, osn (d) heg$e—heleuee (c) mebieerle—Oetle&lee (d) efoKeeJee—henveeJee
40. Éej—Éeje 55. ‘heefj<eÅe-heefjef<ekeäle’ Meyo Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& nw

(a) ØeJesMe—efvekeâeme (b) Iej—ie=nmLe (a) mJeerke=âle—lÙeepÙe (b) meove—mebÛeeueve
(c) ceeOÙece—helveer (d) ojJeepee—ceeOÙece (c) heefj<eod keâe meomÙe—meeRÛee ieÙee (d) heefj<eod—heoeefOekeâejer
41. Oeje—Oeeje 56. ‘Øeefleketâue-Øeefleketâuee’ Meyo Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& Jeeuee efJekeâuhe ÛegefveS
(a) he=LJeer—ØeJeen (b) DeeOeej—DeeJesMe (a) efJejesOeer—efJejesOeeYeeme (b) ØeefleÉvÉer—menÙeesieer
(c) jKee ngDee—leerJeÇ Jesie (d) efmLej—DeefmLej (c) ØeefleÙeesieer—efJeÙeesieer (d) efJehejerle—mehelveerkeâ
42. Oeve—Oevee 57. ‘yeÌ[eF&-yeÌ{eF&’ Meyo Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& nw

(a) Ùeesie—helveer (b) mecheefòe—Øeerlece (a) ØeMebmee—yeÌ{eslejer (b) cenevelee—keâejhesCšj
(c) ueeYe—Oeeveer jbie (d) ®heÙee—Yet-mecheefòe (c) mecceeve—le#ekeâ (d) KegMeeceo—Deeceo
43. veejer—veeÌ[er 58. ‘Fefle-F&efle’ Meyo Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& nw

(a) ceeoe—keâcejyevo (keâjOeveer) (b) ceefnuee—peue efvekeâeme (a) meceehle—MegYe (b) ØeejcYe—efJeIve
(c) m$eer—veype (d) Skeâ Øekeâej keâe meeie—yeLegDee (c) efJeIve—meceehle (d) meceehle—efJeIve
44. efvele—vele 59. ‘kegâÛe-ketâÛe’ Meyo Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& nw

(a) Gjespe—mesvee (b) mesvee—mleve
(a) cees#e-yeveevee (b) JeeCe-ceuueen
(c) Gjespe—ØemLeeve (d) mleve—keâueer
(c) heeveer-leeÌ[ keâe jme (d) Øeefleefove-Pegkeâe ngDee
45. efveJee&o—efvee|JeJeeo 60. ‘mece-Mece’ Meyo Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& Jeeuee Ùegice nw
(a) Meeefvle—ÛeeJeue (b) Meeefvle—cees#e
(a) Yeüce, efvevoe—efyevee efJeJeeo kesâ (b) ievoieer—mecePeewlee
(c) ÛeeJeue—Meeefvle (d) meceeve—cees#e
(c) efve<keâemeve—YeeF&Ûeeje (d) meodiegCe—efce$elee
46. he®<e—heg®<e 61. ‘DeYeÙe-GYeÙe’ Meyo Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& nw
(a) keâeÙej—efve[j (b) keâ"esj—Deeoceer (a) efveYe&Ùe-oesveeW (b) nJee-Deefive
(c) efveYe&Ùe—yeueJeeve (d) ueÛeeruee—yeneogj (c) heÌ{vee-heÌ{evee (d) oesveeW-efveYe&Ùe
47. Øenej—heefjnej 62. Deefue-Deueer Meyo Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& nw

(a) Dee›eâceCe—Deheveevee (b) nceuee—j#ee keâjvee (a) keâvOee-efnmmee (b) YeeQje-meKeer
(c) ceejvee—lÙeeievee (d) GlheerÌ[ve—Øeefle%ee (c) oceve-oeceve (d) omeve-oMe&ve
48. hepe&vÙe—heefjpeve 63. keâefheMe Deewj keâheerMe keâe DeLe& nw

(a) DeelceerÙepeve—meeceeefpekeâ ueesie (b) Devve Gieevee—DeelceerÙepeve (a) kesâkeâÌ[e Deewj ketâÌ[e (b) yevoj Deewj yesue
(c) eEmeÛeeF&—Ghekeâej keâjvee (d) cesIe—heefjJeej kesâ ueesie (c) ieceea Deewj yevoj (d) cešcewuee Deewj yevoj
49. ÙeLeeiele—leLeeiele 64. veerÛes efoS ieS MeyoeW kesâ DeLe& yeleeFS~
(a) cetKe&—YeieJeeved yegæ ‘Decetue—DecetuÙe’
(b) Dee%eekeâejer—YeieJeeved ceneJeerj (a) pekeâÌ[jefnle—keâercele (b) peeuejefnle—keâerceleer
(c) eEkeâkeâle&JÙeefJecetÌ{—heeMJe&&veeLe (c) peÌ[jefnle—keâerceleer (d) peuejefnle—keâerceleer
(d) %eeveer—veeieepeg&ve 65. veerÛes efoS ieS MeyoeW kesâ DeLe& yeleeFS~
50. mekeâue—Mekeâue ‘DemeeOÙe Deewj DemeeOeg’
(a) mehesâo-heâerme (b) mechetCe&-šgkeâÌ[e (a) Deemeve Deewj og<š (b) keâef"ve Deewj [t<š
(c) ceÛeeve-yewueieeÌ[er (d) efJe<e-efieveleer (c) keâef"ve Deewj ot<š (d) keâef"ve Deewj og<š
{hÝXr$ 87
66. DeJeueer Deewj DeeefJeue keâe DeLe& nw~ 69. ‘efveÙele-veerÙele’ Meyo-Ùegice kesâ mener DeLe&-Yeso keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(a) YebJeje Deewj peue (b) veoer Deewj ievoe (a) Fjeoe-YeeiÙe (b) Fjeoe-efveefMÛele
(c) hebefkeäle Deewj efce$e (d) hebefkeäle Deewj ievoe (c) efveefMÛele-Fjeoe (d) YeeiÙe-efveefMÛele
67. ‘DeefYe%e—DeveefYe%e’ MeyoeW keâe mener DeLe& yeleeFS~ 70. DeOeesefueefKele Meyo-Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& efJekeâuhe ÛegefveS~
(a) De%eeve – %eeveer (b) %eeveer – heÌ{vee ‘Deveguecye—Devegueive’
(c) peevekeâej – vepeevekeâej (b) DeiecÙe – iecÙe (a) TOJee&keâej-meceÙe kesâ Devegmeej
68. Meyo-Ùegice ‘Ùeoe-keâoe’ kesâ mener DeLe& Ùegice keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS (b) Thejer-pegÌ[e ngDee
(a) peye-leye (b) keâye-leye (c) DeefveefMÛele-efkeâmeer kesâ meeLe pegÌ[e ngDee
(c) peye-keâye (d) keâye-peye (d) uecyeeF& kesâ Devegmeej-MegYekeâeue
CÎma‘mbm
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (b)
11. (c) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (c) 16. (d) 17. (a) 18. (b) 19. (c) 20. (d)
21. (a) 22. (b) 23. (c) 24. (d) 25. (a) 26. (b) 27. (c) 28. (d) 29. (a) 30. (b)
31. (c) 32. (d) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (c) 36. (d) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (c) 40. (d)
41. (a) 42. (b) 43. (c) 44. (d) 45. (a) 46. (b) 47. (c) 48. (d) 49. (a) 50. (b)
51. (b) 52. (d) 53. (a) 54. (b) 55. (c) 56. (d) 57. (a) 58. (d) 59. (c) 60. (d)
61. (a) 62. (b) 63. (d) 64. (c) 65. (d) 66. (d) 67. (c) 68. (a) 69. (c) 70. (c)
AÜ¶m¶ 04
‘whmdao
‘whmdam
‘cegneJeje’ Meyo Dejyeer Yee<ee mes efueÙee ieÙee nw, efpemekeâe DeLe& nw ‘DeYÙeeme nesvee’ Ùee ‘Gòej osvee’~ Fme Øekeâej cegneJeje Meyo Deheves-Deehe ceW mJeÙeb cegneJeje nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ Ùen Deheves
meeceevÙe DeLe& keâes ÚesÌ[keâj DemeeceevÙe DeLe& Øekeâš keâjlee nw~ JeekeäÙeebMe Meyo mes mhe<š nw efkeâ cegneJeje mebef#ehle neslee nw, hejvleg Deheves Fme mebef#ehle ™he ceW ner efkeâmeer yeÌ[s efJeÛeej
Ùee YeeJe keâes Øekeâš keâjlee nw~
pewmes Skeâ cegneJeje nw-keâe" keâe Guuet~ Fmekeâe DeLe& Ùen veneR efkeâ ‘uekeâÌ[er keâe Guuet’ yevee efoÙee ieÙee nw, Deefheleg Fmemes Ùen DeLe& efvekeâuelee nw efkeâ pees Guuet (cetKe&) keâe" keâe
nw, Jen nceejs efkeâme keâece keâe, GmeceW mepeerJelee lees nw ner veneR~ Fme Øekeâej nce Fmekeâe DeLe& uesles nQ–‘cenecetKe&’ mes~
{hÝXr Ho$ ‘hÎdnyU© ‘whmdao VWm CZHo$ AW©

(De/Dee) ●
Deheveer Keeue ceW cemle jnvee — Deheveer oMee mes mevleg<š jnvee
●
Debkeâ ceW mecesšvee — ieeso ceW uesvee, DeeeEueieveyeæ keâjvee ●
Deheveer neBkeâvee — Deelce MueeIee keâjvee/Deheveer ner yeele keâes cenòee osvee
●
DebkegâMe ueieevee — heeyevoer Ùee jeskeâ ueieevee ●
Dehevee Guuet meerOee keâjvee — mJeeLe& efmeæ keâjvee
●
DebkegâMe ve ceevevee — ve [jvee ●
Dehevee mee cegBn ueskeâj jn peevee — ueefppele nesvee
●
Debie yeve peevee — meomÙe yevevee Ùee nes peevee ●
Deheves cegBn efceÙeeB efcešd"t yevevee — DeelceØeMebmee keâjvee
●
Debie ueieevee — DeeeEueieve keâjvee ●
Devve-peue G"vee — ØemLeeve keâjvee, Skeâ mLeeve mes otmejs mLeeve hej Ûeues peevee
●
Debie ve meceevee — DelÙevle Øemevve nesvee ●
Devve keâe švve keâjvee — yeveer Ûeerpe keâes efyeieeÌ[ osvee
●
Debie-Debie {eruee nesvee — yengle Lekeâ peevee ●
Devve-peue yeoe nesvee — keâneR keâe peevee Deewj jnvee DeefveJeeÙe& nes peevee
●
Debie štšvee — LekeâeJeš mes Mejerj ceW oo& nesvee ●
Devve ve ueievee — Keekeâj-heerkeâj Yeer ceesše ve nesvee
●
DeBiet"e efoKeevee — Fvekeâej keâjvee ●
Debieejs Gieuevee — ›eâesOe ceW ueeue-heeruee nesvee
●
DeBiet"s hej ceejvee — hejJeen ve keâjvee ●
Debieejs yejmevee — keâÌ[er Oethe nesvee
●
DeBiet"er keâe veieervee — mepeeruee Deewj megvoj ●
DebieejeW hej hewj jKevee — mJeÙeb keâes Kelejs ceW [euevee
●
DebOes keâer uekeâÌ[er — Skeâ cee$e meneje ●
DeeBKe ueievee — Pehekeâer Deevee
●
DebOes kesâ Deeies jesvee — JÙeLe& ØeÙelve keâjvee ●
DeeBKeeW mes efiejvee — Deeoj YeeJe Ieš peevee
●
DebOes kesâ neLe yešsj ueievee — DeveeÙeeme ner efceuevee ●
DeeBKeeW hej Ûeyeea ÛeÌ{vee — Denbkeâej mes OÙeeve lekeâ ve osvee
●
DeBOesjs Iej keâe Gpeeuee — Fkeâueewlee yesše ●
DeeBKeW veerÛeer nesvee — ueefppele nesvee
●
DebOesj veiejer — peneB OeeBOeueer nes ●
DeeBKeW cetBovee — cej peevee
●
DebOeeOegbOe uegševee — yengle DeheJÙeÙe keâjvee ●
DeeBKeeW keâe heeveer {uevee — efveue&ppe nesvee
●
DevOee yeveevee — cetKe& yeveekeâj OeesKee osvee ●
DeeBKe keâe keâeBše — yegje nesvee
●
Dekeäue kesâ DebOes — cetKe&, yegefænerve ●
DeeBKe ceW Keškeâvee — yegje ueievee
●
Dekeäue KeÛe& keâjvee — mecePe keâes keâece ceW ueevee ●
DeeBKe keâe Gpeeuee — Deefle efØeÙe JÙeefkeäle
●
Dekeäue hej helLej heÌ[vee — kegâÚ mecePe ceW ve Deevee ●
DeeBKe ceejvee — FMeeje keâjvee
●
Dekeäue kesâ heerÚs uešd" efueS efHeâjvee — cetKe&leehetCe& keâeÙe& keâjvee ●
DeeBKeeW hej hejoe heÌ[vee — OeesKee nesvee
●
Dekeäue keâe DebOee/Dekeäue keâe ogMceve nesvee — cenecetKe& nesvee ●
DeeBKeW efyeÚevee — mJeeiele, mecceeve keâjvee
●
Dekeäue kesâ IeesÌ[s oewÌ[evee — kesâJeue keâuheveeSB keâjles jnvee ●
DeeBKeeW ceW Oetue [euevee — OeesKee osvee
●
Dekeäue Ûejves peevee — yegefæceòee ieeÙeye nes peevee ●
DeeBKe ceW Iej keâjvee — ùoÙe ceW yemevee
●
Deheveer efKeÛeÌ[er Deueie hekeâevee — Deueie-Leueie jnvee, efkeâmeer keâer ve ceevevee ●
DeeBKe ueieevee — yegjer DeLeJee ueeueÛeYejer Âef<š mes osKevee
{hÝXr$$ 89
● DeeBKeW "C[er keâjvee — efØeÙe-Jemleg keâes osKekeâj megKe Øeehle keâjvee ● Deehe cejs peie ØeueÙe — ce=lÙeg Ghejevle ceveg<Ùe keâe meye kegâÚ Útš peevee
● DeeBKeW HeâeÌ[keâj osKevee — DeeMÛeÙe& mes osKevee ● DeeÌ[s neLeeW uesvee — Kejer-Keesšer megveevee
● DeeBKeW Ûeej keâjvee — Deecevee-meecevee keâjvee ● DeefÌ[Ùeue ššdšt — efpeodoer/®keâ keâj keâece keâjves Jeeuee
● DeeBKeW Hesâjvee — Ghes#ee keâjvee ● De[d[s hej Ûenkeâvee — Deheves Iej hej jewye efoKeevee
● DeeBKe Yejkeâj osKevee — FÛÚe Yej osKevee ● Deeies keâe hewj heerÚs heÌ[vee — efJehejerle ieefle Ùee oMee ceW heÌ[vee
● DeeBKe efKeue G"vee — Øemevve nes peevee ● Debietj Kešdšs nesvee — DeØeehle Jemleg keâer Ghes#ee keâjvee
● DeeBKe Ûegjevee — keâlejevee/meeceves Deeves mes hejns]pe keâjvee ● Deuueen efceÙeeB keâer ieeÙe — mejue Øeke=âefle Jeeuee
● DeeBKe keâe keâepeue Ûegjevee — meeceves mes osKeles-osKeles ceeue ieeÙeye keâj osvee ● DebleefÌ[ÙeeW ceW yeue heÌ[vee — mebkeâš ceW heÌ[vee
● DeeBKe efvekeâuevee — efJemceÙe nesvee (F/F&)
● DeeBKeeW ceW Oetue PeeWkeâvee — OeesKee osvee ● FOej-GOej keâer neBkeâvee — DeØeemebefiekeâ yeeleW keâjvee
● DeeBKeW efoKeevee — [jeves-Oecekeâeves kesâ efueS jes<e Yejer Âef<š mes osKevee ● FOej keâer GOej keâjvee — Ûegieueer keâjkesâ YeÌ[keâevee
● DeeBKeW lejsjvee — ›eâesOe mes osKevee ● F]p]pele Gleejvee — mecceeve keâes "sme hengBÛeevee
● DeeBKeeW keâe leeje — DelÙevle efØeÙe ● Fefleßeer keâjvee — keâòe&JÙe hetje keâjvee/megKeo Devle nesvee
● DeeBKeeW ceW Ketve Glejvee — DelÙeefOekeâ ›eâesefOele nesvee ● FMeejeW hej veeÛevee — iegueece yevekeâj jn peevee
● DeekeâeMe ceW GÌ[vee — keâuhevee #es$e ceW Ietcevee ● Fvõ keâer hejer — DelÙevle megvoj m$eer
● DeekeâeMe-heeleeue Skeâ keâjvee — keâef"ve heefjßece keâjvee ● Fve efleueeW ceW lesue veneR — efkeâmeer Yeer ueeYe keâer DeeMee ve keâjvee
● DeekeâeMe-kegâmegce nesvee — ogue&Ye nesvee ● FËš mes FËš yepeevee — ve<š-Yeü<š keâj osvee
● DeekeâeMe mes yeeleW keâjvee — keâeHeâer TBÛee nesvee ● FËš keâe peJeeye helLej mes osvee — og<š kesâ meeLe og<šlee keâjvee
● Deemeceeve efmej hej G"evee — GheõJe ceÛeevee ● F&o keâe ÛeeBo nesvee — yengle efoveeW yeeo efoKeeF& osvee
● Deemeceeve mes leejs leesÌ[vee — DemecYeJe keâece keâjvee ● FËš-FËš efyekeâ peevee — meJe&mJe ve<š nes peevee
● Deemeceeve mes efiejkeâj Kepetj kesâ hesÌ[ hej Deškeâvee — Skeâ efJeheefòe kesâ yeeo ● F&ceeve osvee/yesÛevee — Pet" yeesuevee DeLeJee Deheves Oece&, efmeæevle Deeefo kesâ
otmejer efJeheefòe Deevee efJe®æ DeeÛejCe keâjvee
●
Deemeceeve štšvee — efJeheefòe Deevee (G/T)
●
Deeie hej lesue efÚÌ[keâvee — Deewj YeÌ[keâevee ●
GBieueer G"evee — FMeeje keâjvee, DeeueesÛevee keâjvee
●
Deeie hej heeveer [euevee — PeieÌ[e efceševee ●
GBieueer hej veÛeevee — JeMe ceW jKevee
●
Deeie-heeveer Ùee Deeie Deewj Hetâme keâe yewj nesvee — mJeeYeeefJekeâ Me$eglee nesvee ●
GBieefueÙeeW hej efieveves ÙeesiÙe — mebKÙee ceW vÙetvelece/yengle LeesÌ[s
●
Deeie ueieekeâj leceeMee osKevee — ueÌ[eF& keâjekeâj Øemevve nesvee ●
GBieueer hekeâÌ[les ner hengBÛee hekeâÌ[vee — Deuhe meneje heekeâj mechetCe& keâer
●
Deeie yeyetuee nesvee — DelÙeefOekeâ ›eâesefOele nesvee Øeeefhle nsleg Glmeeefnle nesvee
●
Deešs oeue keâer ef]Heâ›eâ nesvee — peerefJekeâe keâer efÛevlee nesvee ●
Gušer iebiee yenevee — efveÙece kesâ efJe®æ keâeÙe& keâjvee
●
Deešs oeue keâe YeeJe ceeuetce nesvee — JeemleefJekeâlee keâe helee Ûeuevee ●
Gušer KeesheÌ[er nesvee — Ssmee JÙeefkeäle pees GefÛele {bie kesâ efJehejerle DeeÛejCe
●
Deeše ieeruee nesvee — keâef"veeF& ceW heÌ[vee keâjlee nes
●
DeOej ceW ueškeâvee Ùee Petuevee — ogefJeOee ceW heÌ[e jn peevee ●
Gušer hešdšer heÌ{evee — yenkeâevee
●
Debšer ceejvee — keâce leewuevee ●
GÌ[leer efÛeefÌ[Ùee henÛeevevee — otjoMeea nesvee
●
DeMe& mes HeâMe& lekeâ — DeekeâeMe mes Yetefce lekeâ ●
Gpeeuee keâjvee — kegâue keâe veece jesMeve keâjvee
●
Deueyeer-leueyeer Oejer jn peevee — efve<ØeYeeJeer nesvee ●
Guuet yeesuevee — GpeeÌ[ nesvee
●
Deefmle-veeefmle ceW heÌ[vee — ogefJeOee ceW heÌ[vee ●
Gušs Úgjs mes cetB[vee — efkeâmeer keâes cetKe& yeveekeâj Gmemes Oeve SW"vee Ùee
●
Devoj nesvee — pesue ceW yevo nesvee Dehevee keâece efvekeâeuevee
●
Dejceeve efvekeâeuevee — FÛÚeSB hetjer keâjvee ●
Gvveerme-yeerme nesvee — oes JemlegDeeW ceW LeesÌ[e yengle Devlej nesvee
●
DeeBÛeue ceW yeeBOevee — OÙeeve ceW jKevee ●
GÌ[ve Út nesvee — ieeÙeye nes peevee
●
Deeiee heerÚe keâjvee — efnÛeefkeâÛeevee ●
Gyeue heÌ[vee — Skeâoce iegmmee nes peevee
●
DeeJee]pe G"evee — efJejesOe ceW keânvee ●
Gušer ceeuee Hesâjvee — Deefnle meesÛevee
●
Deemleerve keâe meeBhe — efJeMJeemeIeeleer efce$e ●
GKeeÌ[-heÚeÌ[ keâjvee — $egefšÙeeB efoKeekeâj keâštefkeäleÙeeB keâjvee
●
Dee"-Dee" DeeBmet jesvee — yengle heMÛeeòeehe keâjvee ●
Gceü keâe hewceevee Yej peevee — peerJeve keâe Devle ve]peoerkeâ Deevee
●
Deemeve [esuevee — efJeÛeefuele nesvee ●
TBÛes-veerÛes hewj heÌ[vee — yegjs keâece ceW HeBâmevee
●
DeeOeer peeve metKevee — DelÙevle YeÙe ueievee ●
TBš keâer Ûeesjer Pegkesâ-Pegkesâ — efkeâmeer efveefvole, efkeâvleg yeÌ[s keâeÙe& keâes ieghle {bie
●
Deehes mes yeenj nesvee — ›eâesOe mes Deheves JeMe ceW ve jnvee mes keâjves keâer Ûes<še keâjvee
●
DeeOee leerlej DeeOee yešsj — yescesue ÛeerpeeW keâe meefcceßeCe ●
TOeew keâe uesvee ve ceeOeew keâe osvee — efkeâmeer mes efkeâmeer Øekeâej keâe mecyevOe
●
DeeJe osKee ve leeJe — efyevee meesÛes-efJeÛeejs ve jKevee
(S/Ss) ● keâeve Keevee/Kee peevee — ]pÙeeoe yeeleW keâjkesâ keâ<š hengBÛeevee

● Skeâ ner uekeâÌ[er mes neBkeâvee — DeÛÚs-yegjs keâer henÛeeve ve keâjvee ● keâeve ceW [eue osvee — megvee osvee Ùee DeJeiele keâjevee
● Skeâ ner Lewueer kesâ Ûešdšs-yešdšs nesvee — meYeer keâe Skeâ pewmee nesvee ● kegâòes keâer ceewle cejvee — yegjer ceewle cejvee
● Skeâ cÙeeve ceW oes leueJeejW — Skeâ Jemleg Ùee heo hej oes MeefkeäleMeeueer ● kegâòes keâer ogce — Jewmes keâe Jewmee
JÙeefkeäleÙeeW keâe DeefOekeâej veneR nes mekeâlee ● keâewÌ[er kesâ ceesue — JÙeLe& neskeâj jn peevee
● Skeâ {sues mes oes efMekeâej — Skeâ keâeÙe& mes oes GodosMÙeeW keâer hete|le keâjvee ● keâewÌ[er-keâewÌ[er hej peeve osvee — kebâpetme nesvee
● Skeâ keâer Ûeej ueieevee — Úesšer yeeleeW keâes yeÌ{ekeâj keânvee ● ketâÛe keâj peevee — Ûeues peevee
● Skeâ DeeBKe mes osKevee — meyekeâes yejeyej mecePevee ● ketâÛe keâe [bkeâe yepevee — mesvee keâe Ùegæ kesâ efueS efvekeâuevee
● Skeâ-Skeâ veme henÛeevevee — meye kegâÚ mecePevee ● ketâheceC[tkeâ — meerefcele %eeve
● Skeâ hebLe oes keâepe — Skeâ keâeÙe& kesâ meeLe otmeje keâeÙe& Yeer hetje keâjvee ● kegâSB ceW ner YeeBie heÌ[vee — meYeer ueesieeW keâer ceefle Yeü<š nesvee
● Skeâ Deewj Skeâ iÙeejn nesles nQ — mebIe ceW yeÌ[er Meefkeäle nw ● kegâDeeB Keesovee — neefve hengBÛeevee
● SefÌ[ÙeeB efIemevee / jieÌ[vee — efme]heâeefjMe kesâ efueS Ûekeäkeâj ueieevee ● keâeBšeW hej uesšvee — yesÛewve nesvee
● SÌ[er-Ûeesšer keâe hemeervee Skeâ keâjvee — Ieesj heefjßece keâjvee ● keâeBše otj nesvee — yeeOee otj nesvee
● Ssmeer-lewmeer keâjvee — ogo&Mee keâjvee ● keâÛÛeer ieesueer Kesuevee — DevegYeJenerve nesvee
● SsyeeW hej hejoe [euevee — DeJeiegCe Úgheevee ● keâesÌ{ ceW Keepe nesvee — Skeâ og:Ke hej otmeje og:Ke nesvee
(Dees/Deew) ● keâešves oewÌ[vee — efÛeÌ[efÛeÌ[evee/›eâesOe keâjvee
● DeesKeueer ceW efmej osvee — peeveyetPekeâj Deheves keâes peesefKece ceW [euevee ● keâece leceece keâjvee — ceej [euevee
● Deesme heÌ[ peevee — ueef]p]pele nesvee ● keâerÛeÌ[ GÚeuevee — yeoveece keâjvee
● Deesues heÌ[vee — efJeheefòe Deevee ● keâš peevee — Deueie nesvee
● Deewves-heewves keâjvee — pees kegâÚ efceues Gmes Gmeer cetuÙe hej yesÛe osvee ● keâoce GKeÌ[vee — Yeeie KeÌ[s nesvee
●
DeeQOes cegBn efiejvee — hejeefpele nesvee ● efkeâS keâjeS hej heeveer Hesâjvee — efyeieeÌ[ osvee
●
DeeQOeer KeesheÌ[er — cetKe& nesvee ●
keâeHetâj nesvee — ieeÙeye nes peevee
●
Deewkeâele henÛeevevee — Ùen peevevee efkeâ efkeâmeceW efkeâleveer meeceLÙe& nw ●
keâepeue keâer keâes"jer — keâuebkeâ ueieves keâe mLeeve
●
Deewj keâe Deewj nes peevee — henues pewmee vee jnvee, efyeukegâue yeoue peevee ●
keâeiepeer IeesÌ[s oewÌ[evee — kesâJeue efueKee-heÌ{er keâjles jnvee
●
keâeiepe keâeues keâjvee — DeveeJeMÙekeâ efueKevee
(keâ) ●
keâeuee veeie — Keesše Ùee Ieelekeâ JÙeefkeäle
●
kebâOee osvee — DejLeer ceW kebâOee ueieevee/meneje osvee ●
efkeâjefkeâje nes peevee — efJeIve heÌ[vee
●
kebâOes mes kebâOee efÚuevee — Yeejer YeerÌ[ nesvee ●
keâeÙee heueš peevee — Deewj ner ™he nes peevee
●
kebâÛeve yejmevee — DeefOekeâ Deeceoveer nesvee ●
keâeues keâesmeeW — yengle otj
●
keâÛÛee efÛešd"e Keesuevee — meye Yeso Keesue osvee ●
keâuece leesÌ[ osvee/keâj jKe osvee — ØeYeeJehetCe& uesKeve keâjvee
●
keâÛÛee Kee/Ûeyee peevee — hetjer lejn ve<š keâj osves keâer Oecekeâer osvee ●
keâmej ueievee — neefve Ùee #eefle nesvee
●
keâyeÇ ceW heeBJe ueškeâvee — Je=æ Ùee pepe&j nes peevee/cejves kesâ keâjerye nesvee ●
keâcej keâmevee — lewÙeej nesvee
●
keâuespes hej helLej jKevee — OewÙe& OeejCe keâjvee ●
keâueF& Keguevee — Yeso Keguevee Ùee jnmÙe Øekeâš nesvee
●
keâuespes keâe šgkeâÌ[e — yengle hÙeeje ●
keâmeewšer hej keâmevee — hejKevee
●
keâuespes hej meeBhe ueesšvee — F&<Ùee& mes kegâÌ{vee ●
keânles ve yevevee — JeCe&ve ve keâj heevee
●
keâuespee Oekeâ mes jn peevee — [j peevee ●
keâe" ceej peevee — mleyOe jn peevee
●
keâuespee "C[e nesvee — ceve keâes Meeefvle efceuevee ●
keâeefueKe heeslevee — yeoveeceer keâjvee
●
keâuespee cegBn keâes Deevee — og:Ke nesvee/Ieyeje peevee ●
efkeâleeye keâe keâerÌ[e — nj meceÙe heÌ{eF& ceW ueiee jnves Jeeuee
●
keâuece keâe Oeveer — DeÛÚe uesKekeâ ●
efkeâjeS keâe ššdšt nesvee — keâce cepeotjer Jeeuee DeÙeesiÙe JÙeefkeäle
●
keâueer efKeuevee — KegMe nesvee ●
efkeâuee ]heâlesn keâjvee — efJepeÙe heevee/efJekeâš Ùee keâef"ve keâeÙe& hetje keâj
●
keâeve ceW lesue [euevee — Ûeghheer meeOekeâj yew"s jnvee [euevee
●
keâeve Yejvee — Ûegieueer keâjvee ●
efkeâmmee KeÌ[e keâjvee — keâneveer ieÌ{vee
●
keâeve keâe keâÛÛee — efkeâmeer Yeer yeele hej efJeMJeeme keâj uesvee ●
keâerue keâeBšs mes uewme — hetjer lejn lewÙeej
●
keâeve iejce keâjvee — oC[ osvee ●
kegâ"ejeIeele keâjvee — yeÌ[er neefve hengBÛeevee
●
keâeve keâlejvee — DeefOekeâ nesefMeÙeej nes peevee ●
keâesunt keâe yewue nesvee — efvejvlej keâece ceW ueies jnvee
●
keâeve hej petB lekeâ ve jWievee — efyeuekegâue OÙeeve ve osvee ●
keâewS GÌ[evee — yeskeâej kesâ keâece keâjvee
●
keâeve keâešvee — Ûeeueekeâer ceW yeÌ{keâj nesvee ●
kebâieeueer ceW Deeše ieeruee — DeYeeJe ceW Yeer DeYeeJe
●
keâeve KeÌ[s nesvee — DeeMebkeâe Ùee Keškeâe nesves hej Ûeewkeâvvee nesvee ●
efkeâmcele Hetâšvee — yegjs efove Deevee
{hÝXr$$ 91
(Ke) ● Ieš ceW yemevee — ceve ceW yemevee

● Ketve KegMkeâ nesvee — YeÙeYeerle nesvee ● Ieeš-Ieeš keâe heeveer heervee — yengle DevegYeJe Øeehle keâjvee
● Ketve kesâ IetBš heervee — yegjer ueieves Jeeueer yeele keâes men uesvee ● IeeJe hej vecekeâ efÚÌ[keâvee — og:Keer keâes Deewj og:Keer keâjvee
● Ketve heervee — lebie keâjvee/ceej [euevee ● Ieeme Úeruevee — JÙeLe& meceÙe efyeleevee
● Ketve meHesâo nes peevee — oÙee ve jn peevee ● Ieele ueieevee — leekeâ ceW jnvee/GefÛele DeJemej keâer Øeleer#ee ceW jnvee
● Ketve-hemeervee Skeâ keâjvee — keâef"ve heefjßece keâjvee ● Ieer kesâ oerS peueevee — KegefMeÙeeB ceveevee
● Ketve Keewuevee — iegmmee ÛeÌ{vee ● Ieer efKeÛeÌ[er nesvee — Ketye efceue-pegue peevee
● Ketve meJeej nesvee — efkeâmeer keâes ceej [eueves kesâ efueS GÅele nesvee ● efIeiIeer yeBOevee — [j kesâ keâejCe yeesue ve heevee
● Kejer-Keesšer megveevee — yegje-Yeuee keânvee ● IeeJe nje keâjvee — Yetues og:Ke keâer Ùeeo efoueevee
● Keerje-keâkeâÌ[er mecePevee — ogye&ue Deewj legÛÚ mecePevee ● Iegšves šskeâvee — Deheveer nej/DemeceLe&lee mJeerkeâej keâjvee
● Keje Kesue Heâ™&Keeyeeoer — efve<keâheš JÙeJenej (Ûe)
● KÙeeueer hegueeJe hekeâevee — keâuheveeSB keâjvee ● Ûekeâ peceevee — hetjer lejn mes DeefOekeâej Ùee ØeYeglJe mLeeefhele nesvee
● Keekeâ ceW efceuevee — hetCe&le: ve<š nesvee ● Ûebiegue ceW heBâmevee — ceer"er-ceer"er yeeleeW mes JeMe ceW keâjvee
● Keekeâ Úevevee — oj-oj Yeškeâvee ● ÛeeBoer keâe petlee ceejvee — efjMJele Ùee Ietme osvee
● Keeueepeer keâe Iej — peneB ceveceeveer Ûeues ● ÛeeBo hej Letkeâvee — Yeues JÙeefkeäle hej ueeBÚve ueieevee
● efKeÛeÌ[er hekeâevee — ieghle cev$eCee keâjvee ● ÛeeBo Kegpeueevee — efhešves keâer FÛÚe nesvee
● Kesue-Kesue ceW — Deemeeveer mes ● Ûeej ÛeeBo ueievee — MeesYee yeÌ{ peevee
● Kesle jnvee — Ùegæ ceW ceeje peevee ● efÛeòe hej ÛeÌ{vee — meoe mcejCe jnvee
● KeesheÌ[er keâes ceeve peevee — yegefæ keâe ueesne ceevevee ● Ûeeoj mes yeenj heeBJe hemeejvee — meercee kesâ yeenj peevee
● Keeue GOesÌ[vee — keâÌ[e oC[ osvee ● Ûeguuet Yej heeveer ceW [tye cejvee — Mece& kesâ ceejs cegBn ve efoKeevee
● Kegues neLe — Goejlee mes ● ÛetueW {erueer keâjvee — DeefOekeâ heefjßece kesâ keâejCe yengle LekeâeJeš nesvee
●
KetBšs kesâ yeue ketâovee — keâesF& meneje efceueves hej DekeâÌ[vee ●
ÛegefšÙee neLe ceW nesvee — mebÛeeueve-met$e neLe ceW nesvee, hetCe&le: efveÙev$eCe ceW
(ie/Ie) nesvee
●
ieues keâe nej nesvee — DelÙevle efØeÙe nesvee ●
Ûesjer yeveevee/yevee uesvee — oeme Ùee iegueece yevee uesvee
●
ieÌ[s cegox GKeeÌ[vee — hegjeveer yeeleeW hej ØekeâeMe [euevee ●
Ûetvee ueieevee — OeesKee osvee
●
ieÌ{ peerlevee — keâef"ve keâeÙe& hetje nesvee ●
ÛeejheeF& mes ueievee — yeerceejer mes G" ve heevee
●
efiejefieš keâer lejn jbie yeouevee — efkeâmeer yeele hej efmLej ve jnvee ●
ÛeC[eue ÛeewkeâÌ[er — efvekeâcces yeoceeMe ueesie
●
ieg® IeCšeue — yengle Oetle& ●
Ûeej efove keâer ÛeeBoveer — keâce efoveeW keâe megKe
●
iegmmee veekeâ hej jnvee — peuoer ›eâesefOele nes peevee ●
Ûeue yemevee — cej peevee
●
iegmmee heer peevee — ›eâesOe jeskeâvee ●
ÛeeRšer kesâ hej efvekeâuevee — cejves kesâ efove efvekeâš Deevee
●
ietuej keâe Hetâue — DemecYeJe yeele/DeÂMÙe nesvee ●
Ûeesueer oeceve keâe meeLe — DelÙevle efvekeâšlee
●
ieeB" yeeBOevee — Ùeeo jKevee ●
Ûewve keâer yebMeer yepeevee — ceew]pe keâjvee
●
ieesyej ieCesMe — yegæt ●
efÛejeie leues DeBOesje — Dehevee oes<e mJeÙeb efoKeeF& veneR oslee
●
ieeue Hegâueevee — ™"vee ●
Ûeesj keâer oeÌ{er ceW eflevekeâe — DehejeOeer meowJe meMebkeâ jnlee nw
●
ieeue yepeevee — [eRie neBkeâvee ●
Ûesnjs hej nJeeFÙeeB GÌ[vee — DeeMÛeÙe&
●
ieBJeej keâer Dekeäue ieo&ve ceW — cetKe& keâes oC[ efceues, leYeer nesMe ceW Deelee nw~ ●
ÛetefÌ[ÙeeB henvevee — keâeÙej nesvee
●
ieeroÌ[-YeYekeâer — efoKeeJešer ›eâesOe (Ú)
●
ieeiej ceW meeiej Yejvee — LeesÌ[s ceW yengle kegâÚ keânvee ●
Úkeäkesâ Útšvee — efnccele nejvee
●
ieesue keâj peevee — ieeÙeye keâj osvee ●
Úkeäkesâ ÚgÌ[evee — efnccele hemle keâjvee
●
IeÌ[eW heeveer heÌ[vee — yengle ueefppele nesvee ●
Úkeäkeâe-hebpee Yetuevee — kegâÚ Yeer Ùeeo ve jnvee
●
IeesÌ[s yesÛekeâj meesvee — efveefMÛevle neskeâj meesvee ●
Úhhej HeâeÌ[keâj osvee — DeveeÙeeme ner Oeve keâer Øeeefhle
●
IeesÌ[s hej ÛeÌ{s Deevee — GleeJeueer ceW nesvee ●
Úeleer hej cetBie ouevee — efvejvlej og:Ke osvee
●
IeesÌ[s oewÌ[evee — DelÙeefOekeâ keâesefMeMe keâjvee ●
Úeleer Yej Deevee — efoue hemeerpevee
●
Iej HetBâkeâ leceeMee osKevee — Dehevee vegkeâmeeve keâjkesâ Deevevo ceveevee ●
ÚeBn ve Útves osvee — heeme lekeâ ve Deeves osvee
●
Iej keâešs Keevee — ceve ve ueievee/metveeheve DeKejvee ●
Ú"er keâe otOe Ùeeo efoueevee — mebkeâš ceW [eue osvee
●
Iej ceW iebiee yenvee — DeveeÙeeme ueeYe Øeehle nesvee ●
Útcevlej nesvee — ieeÙeye nes peevee
●
Iej keâe ve Ieeš keâe — keâneR keâe veneR ●
Úeleer "eWkeâvee — meenme efoKeevee
(pe/Pe) ● [eueer osvee — DeefOekeâeefjÙeeW keâes Øemevve jKeves kesâ efueS kegâÚ YeWš osvee
● peeve kesâ ueeues heÌ[vee — peeve hej mebkeâš Dee peevee ● [eRie ceejvee — DeveeJeMÙekeâ yeeleW keânvee
● peeve ceW peeve Deevee — Ûewve efceuevee ● [tyevee-Glejevee — mebMeÙe ceW jnvee
● peeve nLesueer hej jKevee — ØeeCeeW keâer hejJeen ve keâjvee ● [sÌ{ ÛeeJeue keâer efKeÛeÌ[er hekeâevee — yengcele mes Deueie jnvee
● peyeeve keQâÛeer keâer lejn Ûeuevee — yeÌ{-ÛeÌ{keâj leerKeer yeeleW keâjvee ● [sÌ{ yeerlee keâuespee keâjvee — DelÙeefOekeâ meenme efoKeevee
● peyeeve ceW ueieece ve nesvee — efyevee meesÛes mecePes efyevee efuenepe kesâ yeeleW ● {eWie jÛevee — efkeâmeer keâes cetKe& yeveeves kesâ efueS heeKeC[ keâjvee
keâjvee ● eE{{esje heeršvee — ØeÛeej keâjvee
● peueleer Deeie ceW Ieer [euevee — ›eâesOe YeÌ[keâevee ● {eF& efove keâer yeeoMeenle — LeesÌ[s meceÙe kesâ efueS hetCe& DeefOekeâej efceuevee
● peÌ[ pecevee — DeÛÚer lejn Øeefleef<"le Ùee ØemLeeefhele nesvee
● penj keâe IetBš heervee — keâÌ[er Deewj keâÌ[Jeer yeele megvekeâj Yeer Ûeghe jnvee (le/Le)
● efpeiejer oesmle — Ieefve<" efce$e ● leerve-lesjn keâjvee — he=Lekeâlee keâer yeele keâjvee
● ef]pevoieer kesâ efove hetjs keâjvee — keâef"veeF& ceW meceÙe efyeleevee ● leerve-heeBÛe keâjvee — šeue-cešesue keâjvee
● peerleer cekeäKeer efveieuevee — peeve yetPekeâj DevÙeeÙe menvee ● lebie Dee peevee — hejsMeeve nes peevee
● peer Ûegjevee — efkeâmeer keâece Ùee heefjßece mes yeÛeves keâer Ûes<še keâjvee ● lekeâoerj keâe Kesue — YeeiÙe ceW efueKeer ngF& yeele
● peer Kešdše nesvee — efJejkeäle nesvee/Kejeye DevegYeJe nesvee ● leekeâ hej jKevee — JÙeLe& mecePekeâj otj nševee
● peer Yej Deevee — og:Keer nesvee ● leermeceej KeeB yevevee — Deheves keâes MetjJeerj mecePe yew"vee
● ]peceerve hej hewj ve jKevee — DekeâÌ[keâj Ûeuevee ● efleue keâe leeÌ[ yeveevee — efkeâmeer yeele keâes yeÌ{e-ÛeÌ{ekeâj keânvee
● peesÌ[-leesÌ[ keâjvee — GheeÙe keâjvee ● leej-leej nesvee — hetjer lejn Heâš peevee
● peueer-keâšer megveevee — yegje-Yeuee keânvee ● lesueer keâe yewue — nj meceÙe keâece ceW ueies jnvee
● petefleÙeeB Ûeešvee — Ûeeheuetmeer keâjvee ●
legkeâea-ye-legkeâea yeesuevee — pewmes keâes lewmee
● efpeleves cegBn Gleveer yeeleW — Skeâ ner efJe<eÙe hej Deveskeâ cele nesvee ●
leeuet mes peerYe ve ueievee — yeesueles jnvee
●
peeWkeâ neskeâj efuehešvee — yegjer lejn heerÚs heÌ[vee ●
letleer yeesuevee — jewye peceevee
●
penj Gieuevee — keâÌ[Jeer yeeleW keâjvee
●
lesue keâer keâÛeewefÌ[ÙeeW hej ieJeener osvee — memles ceW keâece keâjvee
●
PeC[e ieeÌ[vee — DeefOekeâej peceevee
●
leeuet ceW oeBle pecevee — efJeheefòe Ùee yegje meceÙe Deevee
●
PekeâPeesj osvee — efnuee osvee/hetCe&le: $emle keâj osvee
●
lesJej ÛeÌ{vee — iegmmee nesvee
●
PeeBJe-PeeBJe nesvee — peesjeW mes keâne-megveer nesvee
●
leejs efievevee — jele keâes veeRo ve Deevee
●
PeeÌ[Ò efHeâjvee/efHeâj peevee — ve<š keâjvee
●
leueJes Ûeešvee — KegMeeceo keâjvee
●
Pegjcegš ceejvee — yengle mes ueesieeW keâe Iesje yeveekeâj KeÌ[s nesvee
●
Leeueer keâe yeQieve — {guecegue efJeÛeejeW Jeeuee/efmeæevlenerve JÙeefkeäle
●
Petceves ueievee — Deevevo-efJeYeesj nes peevee
●
LegÌ[er-LegÌ[er nesvee — yeoveeceer nesvee
●
Lewueer keâe cegBn Keesuevee — Kegues efoue mes JÙeÙe keâjvee
(š/") ●
Letkeâkeâj Ûeešvee — keâner ngF& yeele mes cegkeâj peevee
●
efšhheme ueieevee — efmeHeâeefjMe keâjJeevee ●
Leen uesvee — efkeâmeer ieghle yeele keâe Yeso peevevee
štš heÌ[vee — Dee›eâceCe keâjvee
(o/Oe)
●
●
šsÌ{er Keerj — keâef"ve keâece Ùee yeele
●
škeâe-mee peJeeye osvee — mee]Heâ Fvekeâej keâj osvee
●
obie jn peevee — DelÙeefOekeâ Ûeefkeâle jn peevee
●
šeš Guešvee — efoJeeuee efvekeâuevee
●
oeBleeW leues GBieueer oyeevee — DeeMÛeÙe&Ûeefkeâle nesvee
●
šesheer GÚeuevee — yesF]p]peleer keâjvee
●
oeue ceW keâeuee nesvee — mevosn nesvee
●
šeBie DeÌ[evee — JÙeJeOeeve [euevee
●
ogce oyeekeâj Yeeievee/Yeeie peevee/Yeeie KeÌ[s nesvee — ÛegheÛeehe Yeeie peevee
●
šeBÙe-šeBÙe efHeâme nesvee — keâece efyeieÌ[ peevee
●
otOe keâe otOe Deewj heeveer keâe heeveer — hetCe& vÙeeÙe keâjvee
●
"C[s keâuespes mes — Meevle neskeâj/Meevle YeeJe mes
●
otOe keâe Oeguee nesvee — yengle heefJe$e nesvee
●
"tB" nesvee — efve<ØeeCe nesvee
●
otOe kesâ oeBle ve štšvee — %eeve Je DevegYeJe ve nesvee
●
"ve-"ve ieesheeue — hewmee heeme ve nesvee
●
oes veeJeeW hej meJeej nesvee — ogefJeOeehetCe& efmLeefle ceW nesvee Ùee Kelejs ceW
●
"ewj-ef"keâeves ueievee — DeeßeÙe efceuevee [euevee
●
"erkeâje HeâesÌ[vee — oes<e ueieevee
●
Éej PeeBkeâvee — oeve, efYe#ee Deeefo kesâ efueS efkeâmeer kesâ ojJeepes hej peevee
●
efove-jele Skeâ keâjvee — ØeÙeeme keâjles jnvee
([/{) ●
efove otveer jele Ûeewiegveer nesvee — yengle MeerIeÇ Gvveefle keâjvee
●
[bkeâ ceejvee — Ieesj keâ<š osvee ●
efove heneÌ[ nesvee — keâeÙe& kesâ DeYeeJe ceW meceÙe iegpeejvee
●
[bkeâe yepevee — KÙeeefle nesvee ●
efove ceW leejs efoKeeF& osvee — yegefæ Ûekeâjeves ueievee
●
[b[ hesuevee — efveefMÛevleleehetJe&keâ peerJeveÙeeheve keâjvee ●
efoveeW keâe Hesâj nesvee — YeeiÙe keâe Ûekeäkeâj
{hÝXr$$ 93
● efoceeie efoKeevee — Denced YeeJe Øeoe|Mele keâjvee (he)

● efoceeie Deemeceeve hej ÛeÌ{vee — yengle IeceC[ nesvee ● helLej keâer uekeâerj nesvee — efmLej nesvee Ùee ÂÌ{ efJeMJeeme nesvee
● oeBle keâešer jesšer — Ieefve<" efce$elee ● heneÌ[ štš heÌ[vee — cegmeeryele Deevee
● oeBle Kešdšs keâjvee — hejeefpele keâjvee ● heeBÛeeW GBieueer Ieer ceW nesvee — hetCe& ueeYe ceW nesvee
● oeBle heermekeâj jn peevee — ›eâesOe jeskeâ uesvee ● heeveer Glej peevee — ueefppele nes peevee
● oevee heeveer G"vee — peien ÚesÌ[vee ● heeveer-heeveer nesvee — Mece&meej nesvee
● efoue keâe iegyeej efvekeâeuevee — ceve keâer yeele keân osvee ● heeveer ceW Deeie ueieevee — DemecYeJe keâeÙe& keâjvee
● efoue Yej Deevee — Meeskeâekegâue nesvee Ùee YeeJegkeâ nesvee ● hesš ceW oeÌ{er nesvee — Ûeeueekeâ nesvee
● efoue ceW HeâHeâesues heÌ[vee — DelÙevle keâ<š nesvee ● hesš ceW Ûetns oewÌ[vee — YetKe ueievee
● oeefnvee neLe — yengle yeÌ[e meneÙekeâ nesvee ● hesš keâe heeveer ve heÛevee — DelÙevle DeOeerj nesvee
● oceÌ[er kesâ leerve nesvee — memles nesvee ● hesš keâe nukeâe — yeele keâes Deheves lekeâ efÚhee ve mekeâves Jeeuee
● oce Yejvee — Yejesmee keâjvee ● heer" ceW Úgje YeeWkeâvee — efJeMJeemeIeele keâjvee
● oj-oj keâer "eskeâjW Keevee — yengle keâ<š G"evee ● heer" hej neLe jKevee — he#e ce]peyetle yeveevee
● oeue petefleÙeeW ceW yeBšvee — Deveyeve nesvee ● heer" efoKeevee — hejepeÙe mJeerkeâej keâjvee
● osJelee ketâÛe keâj peevee — Ieyeje peevee ● hewjeW hej KeÌ[e nesvee — mJeeJeuecyeer nesvee
● oes efove keâe cesnceeve — peuoer cejves Jeeuee ● heeBJe leues ]peceerve efKemekeâvee — Ieyeje peevee
● oceÌ[er kesâ efueS ÛeceÌ[er GOesÌ[vee — Úesšer-meer yeele kesâ efueS DeefOekeâ ceeBie ● heeBJe HetâBkeâ-HetâBkeâ keâj jKevee — meleke&âlee mes keâeÙe& keâjvee
keâjvee Ùee oC[ osvee ● heeBJe GKeÌ[ peevee — hejeefpele neskeâj Yeeie peevee
● ogce oyeekeâj Yeeievee — [jkeâj kegâòes keâer YeeBefle Yeeievee ● heieÌ[er jKevee — F]p]pele jKevee
● Oeesleer {erueer nesvee — Ieyeje peevee ● helLej hej otye pecevee — DeØelÙeeefMele Ieefšle nesvee
●
OeeQme peceevee — jewye efoKeevee/Deelebkeâ peceevee ●
heeheÌ[ yesuevee — efJe<ece heefjefmLeefleÙeeW mes ieg]pejvee
●
OÙeeve štšvee — Skeâe«elee Yebie nesvee ●
hešjer yew"vee — DeÛÚs mecyevOe nesvee
●
OÙeeve jKevee — osKeYeeue keâjvee/meeJeOeeve jnvee ●
hebKe ve ceejvee — hengBÛe ve nesvee
●
OeefppeÙeeB GÌ[evee — ogie&efle keâjvee
●
Oethe ceW yeeue me]Hesâo nesvee — DevegYeJenerve nesvee (Heâ)
●
]HeâefjMlee efvekeâuevee — yengle Yeuee Deewj hejeshekeâejer efmeæ nesvee
(ve) ●
efheâkeâje keâmevee — JÙebiÙe keâjvee
●
veekeâ YeeQ ÛeÌ{evee — Demevlees<e Øekeâš keâjvee ●
heâerkeâe ueievee — Ieškeâj Ùee nukeâe Øeleerle nesvee
●
veekeâ ceW vekesâue [euevee — JeMe ceW keâjvee ●
Hetâšer DeeBKeeW ve Yeevee — efyeukegâue DeÛÚe ve ueievee
●
veekeâ keâšvee — F]p]pele Ûeueer peevee ●
Hetâuee ve meceevee — yengle Øemevve nesvee
●
veekeâ jieÌ[vee — yengle efJeveleer keâjvee ●
Hetâue metBIekeâj jn peevee — DelÙevle LeesÌ[e Yeespeve keâjvee
●
veekeâ keâe yeeue nesvee — DelÙevle efØeÙe nesvee ●
Hetâuekeâj kegâhhee nesvee — yengle Øemevve nesvee
●
veekeâes-Ûeves Ûeyeevee — yengle lebie nesvee ●
HetBâkeâ-HetBâkeâ keâj keâoce jKevee — DelÙevle meleke&âlee kesâ meeLe keâece keâjvee
●
vebiee keâj osvee — JeemleefJekeâlee Øekeâš keâjvee/DemeefueÙele Keesuevee ●
HeBtâkeâ ceejvee — efkeâmeer keâes ÛegheÛeehe yenkeâevee
●
vebies neLe — Keeueer neLe ●
HeâeJeÌ[e Ûeueevee — cesnvele keâjvee
●
vecekeâ-efceÛe& ueieevee — yeÌ{e-ÛeÌ{ekeâj keânvee/keâceer efvekeâeuevee ●
Heâš heÌ[vee — Skeâoce iegmmes ceW nes peevee
●
efvevÙeeveJes kesâ Hesâj ceW heÌ[vee — Oeve meb«en keâer efÛevlee ceW heÌ[vee/ueesYe ceW
heÌ[vee (ye/Ye)
●
yeeue-yeeue yeÛevee — efkeâmeer mebkeâš mes efkeâmeer Øekeâej yeÛevee/cegefMkeâue mes
●
veew oes iÙeejn nesvee — Yeeie peevee yeÛe heevee
●
veeÛe veÛeevee — ceveÛeener keâjvee/hejsMeeve keâjvee ●
yeeue yeeBkeâe ve nesvee — kegâÚ Yeer neefve Ùee keâ<š ve nesvee
●
veeruee-heeruee nesvee — iegmmee nesvee ●
yeeuet ceW mes lesue efvekeâeuevee — DemecYeJe keâes mecYeJe keâj osvee
●
veerÛee efoKeevee — Deheceeefvele keâjvee ●
yebšeOeej nesvee — Ûeewheš Ùee ve<š nesvee
●
vecekeâ Deoe keâjvee — GhekeâejeW keâe yeouee Ûegkeâevee ●
yenleer iebiee ceW neLe Oeesvee — efyevee ØeÙeeme ner ÙeMe heevee
●
vekesâue neLe ceW nesvee — JeMe ceW nesvee ●
yeeie-yeeie nesvee — Deefle Øemevve nesvee
●
venues hej onuee ceejvee — keâjeje peJeeye osvee ●
yeerÌ[e G"evee — ÂÌ{ mebkeâuhe keâjvee
●
veeveer Ùeeo Deevee — cegmeeryele keâe Snmeeme nesvee ●
yeshej keâer GÌ[evee — DeHeâJeenW Hewâueevee/efvejeOeej yeeleW ÛeejeW Deesj keâjles efHeâjvee
●
veme-veme henÛeevevee — efkeâmeer kesâ DeJeebefÚle JÙeJenej keâes efJemleej mes peevevee ●
yešdše ueieevee — oes<e Ùee keâuebkeâ ueievee
●
yeeBÚW efKeuevee — DelÙevle Øemevve nesvee
●
veeJe ceW Oetue GÌ[evee — JÙeLe& yeoveece keâjvee
● yeefKeÙee GOesÌ[vee — Yeso Keesuevee ● ceeLes hej efMekeâve ve Deevee — keâ<š ceW LeesÌ[e Yeer efJeÛeefuele ve nesvee
● yeÛÛeeW keâe Kesue — mejue keâece ● ceeLes hej efMekeâve Deevee — cegKeeke=âefle mes DeØemevvelee/jes<e Deeefo Øekeâš nesvee
● yeeSB neLe keâe Kesue — Deefle mejue keâece ● cÙeeTB keâe "ewj hekeâÌ[vee — Kelejs ceW heÌ[vee
● yeele keâe Oeveer nesvee — JeÛeve keâe hekeäkeâe nesvee (Ùe/j)
● yesefmej hewj keâer yeele keâjvee — JÙeLe& keâer yeeleW keâjvee
Ùece keâer Ùeelevee — Deme¢e keâ<š
yeefÚÙee keâe leeT — DelÙeefOekeâ cetKe& JÙeefkeäle
●
●
● yeÌ[s Iej keâer nJee Keevee — pesue peevee

● Ùecejepe keâe Éej osKe Deevee — cejkeâj peerefJele nes peevee
● yesheWoer keâe ueesše — Deheveer yeele hej efmLej ve jnvee
● Ùegie yeesuevee — yengle meceÙe yeeo nesvee
● yeefuueÙeeB GÚuevee — yengle KegMe nesvee ● ÙegefOeef<"j nesvee — DelÙevle melÙe-efØeÙe nesvee
● yeeJeve leesues heeJe jòeer — efyeukegâue "erkeâ efnmeeye ● j]HetâÛekeäkeâj nesvee — Yeeie peevee
● yee]peej iece& nesvee — keâece-OebOee les]pe nesvee ● jeF& keâe heneÌ[ yeveevee — yeÌ{e-ÛeÌ{ekeâj keânvee
● yeele ner yeele ceW — legjvle/DeefleMeerIeÇ ● jeleeW keâer veeRo njece nesvee — efÛevlee, YeÙe, og:Ke Deeefo kesâ keâejCe jeleYej
● yeele ve hetÚvee — Deeoj ve keâjvee veeRo ve Deevee
● yejme heÌ[vee — Deefle ›egâæ neskeâj [eBšvee ● jerÌ{ štšvee — DeeOeejnerve jnvee
● efyeuueer kesâ ieues ceW IeCšer yeeBOevee — mJeÙeb keâes mebkeâš ceW [euevee ● jeWiešs KeÌ[e nesvee — YeÙe mes jesceebefÛele nes peevee
● YeC[e HeâesÌ[vee — jnmÙe Keesuevee/Yeso Øekeâš keâjvee ● jemles hej ueevee — megOeej keâjvee
● YeefJe<Ùe hej DeeBKe nesvee — Deeies keâe peerJeve megOeejves kesâ efueS ØeÙelveMeerue jnvee ● jes-Oeeskeâj efove keâešvee — pewmes-lewmes peerJeve JÙeleerle keâjvee
● efYejÌ[ kesâ Úòes ceW neLe [euevee — peeve-yetPekeâj mebkeâš Deheves heerÚs ueieevee ● jbie ceW Yebie nesvee — Deevevo ceW efJeIve Deevee
● Yeerieer efyeuueer yevevee — [j peevee ● jbie ueevee — neueele hewoe keâjvee
● Yetefcekeâe efveYeevee — efve<"ehetJe&keâ Deheves keâece keâe efveJee&n keâjvee ● jbie yeouevee — yeoueeJe nesvee
● YesefÌ[Ùee Oemeeve — DebOeevegkeâjCe ● jBiee efmeÙeej — OeesKesyee]pe nesvee
●
YeeÌ[s keâe ššdšt — hewmes ueskeâj ner keâece keâjves Jeeuee ● jemlee veehevee — Ûeues peevee
●
YeeÌ[ PeeWkeâvee — meceÙe JÙeLe& Keesvee (ue/Je)
●
YeQme kesâ Deeies yeerve yepeevee — yesmecePe Deeoceer keâes GheosMe osvee ●
uebieesšer efyekeâJeevee — oefjõ keâj osvee
●
YeeieerjLe ØeÙelve keâjvee — keâ"esj heefjßece ●
uebieesefšÙee Ùeej — yeÛeheve keâe efce$e
(ce) ●
uebieesšer ceW Heâeie Kesuevee — oefjõlee ceW Deevevo ceveevee
●
cegBn hej veekeâ ve nesvee — kegâÚ Yeer ueppee Ùee Mece& ve nesvee ●
uekeâerj keâe Heâkeâerj nesvee — ™efÌ{Jeeoer nesvee
●
cegBn ceW heeveer Deevee — ueeueÛe Yejer Âef<š mes osKevee/Keeves nsleg ueeueÛe ●
uesves kesâ osves heÌ[vee — ueeYe kesâ yeoues neefve
●
cegBn yeveevee — KeerPe Øekeâš keâjvee ●
ueemee ueieevee — efkeâmeer keâes heBâmeeves keâer Ùegefkeäle keâjvee
●
cegBn keâeuee keâjvee — keâuebefkeâle keâjvee ●
ueesns kesâ Ûeves Ûeyeevee — keâef"veeFÙeeW keâe meecevee keâjvee
●
cegBn keâer Keevee — nej peevee/Deheceeefvele nesvee ●
ueew ueieevee — ceive nes peevee/Deemekeäle nes peevee
●
cegBn hekeâÌ[vee — yeesueves ve osvee ●
ueueeš ceW efueKee nesvee — YeeiÙe ceW efueKee nesvee
●
cegBn Oees jKevee — DeeMee jKevee ●
uecyeer leevekeâj meesvee — efveef<›eâÙe neskeâj yew"vee
●
cegKe mes Hetâue PeÌ[vee — ceOegj JeÛeve yeesuevee ●
ueeue-heeruee nesvee — iegmmes ceW nesvee
●
ceve kesâ ue[d[t Keevee — JÙeLe& keâer DeeMee hej Øemevve nesvee ●
ueuuees-Ûehhees keâjvee — efÛekeâveer-ÛegheÌ[er yeeleW keâjvee
●
ceve ner ceve ceW jn peevee — FÛÚeSB hetjer ve nesvee ●
uent kesâ DeeBmet heervee — og:Ke men uesvee
●
ceve cewuee keâjvee — efKevve nesvee ●
uegefšÙee [gyeesvee — keâeÙe& Kejeye keâj osvee
●
ceer"er Úgjer Ûeueevee — hÙeej mes ceejvee/efJeMJeemeIeele keâjvee ●
Jekeâeuele keâjvee — he#e keâe meceLe&ve keâjvee
●
cegšd"er iejce keâjvee — efjMJele osvee ●
Jekeäle keâer DeeJee]pe — meceÙe keâer hegkeâej
●
cegšd"er ceW keâjvee — JeMe ceW keâjvee ●
Jeejer nes peevee — vÙeesÚeJej nes peevee
●
ceervecesKe efvekeâeuevee — $egefš efvekeâeuevee
●
cebÛe hej Deevee — meecevee keâjvee
●
efJeefOe yew"vee — Ùegefkeäle meHeâue nesvee/mebieefle yew"vee
●
efcešdšer keâe ceeOees — cetKe&
●
efJe<e Gieuevee — ›eâesefOele neskeâj yeesuevee
●
cekeäKeer veekeâ hej ve yew"ves osvee — F]p]pele Kejeye ve nesves osvee ●
efJe<e keâer ieeB" — GheõJeer/neefve hengBÛeeves Jeeuee
●
ceesnj ueiee osvee — hegef<š keâjvee ●
efJe<e Ieesuevee — ieÌ[yeÌ[ hewoe keâjvee/F&<Ùee& hewoe keâjvee
●
ceer"er Úgjer Ûeueevee — efJeMJeemeIeele keâjvee (ße/Me/me)
●
cewoeve ceejvee — efJepeÙe Øeehle keâjvee ●
ßeerieCesMe keâjvee — keâeÙe& DeejcYe keâjvee
●
cegnj&ceer metjle — Meeskeâ ceveeves Jeeuee Ûesnje ●
Meno ueieekeâj Ûeešvee — efkeâmeer JÙeLe& keâer Jemleg keâes meBYeeuekeâj jKevee
●
cekeäKeer ceejvee — yeskeâej yew"s jnvee ●
Mewleeve kesâ keâeve keâlejvee/keâešvee — yengle Ûeeueekeâ nesvee
{hÝXr$$ 95
● Meeve ceW yešdše ueievee — Meeve Iešvee ● efmešdšer-efhešdšer iegce nesvee — nesMe GÌ[ peevee
● Mesj keâer meJeejer keâjvee — Kelejveekeâ keâeÙe& keâjvee ● efmekeäkeâe peceevee — ØeYeeJe mLeeefhele keâjvee
● Mesj Deewj yekeâjer keâe Skeâ Ieeš hej heeveer heervee — Ssmeer efmLeefle nesvee efpemeceW ● mesceue keâe Hetâue nesvee — LeesÌ[s efoveeW keâe DeefmlelJe nesvee
ogye&ue keâes meyeue keâe kegâÚ Yeer YeÙe ve nes ● metKeles Oeeve hej heeveer heÌ[vee — oMee megOejvee
● efMekebâpee keâmevee — efveÙev$eCe Deewj keâ"esj keâjvee ● megF& keâer veeWkeâ kesâ yejeyej — ]peje-mee
● efmej DeeBKeeW hej — efJeveceülee leLee mecceevehetJe&keâ «enCe keâjvee
(n)
● efmej TBÛee keâjvee — mecceeve yeÌ{evee ● neLe Keeueer nesvee — hewmee ve nesvee
● efmej hej Yetle meJeej nesvee — Oegve ueie peevee ● neLe KeeRÛevee — meneÙelee yevo keâj osvee
● efmej hej keâ]Heâve yeeBOevee — yeefueoeve osves kesâ efueS lewÙeej nesvee ● neLe keâe cewue — legÛÚ Deewj lÙeepÙe Jemleg
● efmej iebpee keâjvee — yegjer lejn heeršvee ● neLe keâes neLe ve metPevee — Ievee DeBOesje nesvee
● efmej hej heeBJe jKekeâj Yeeievee — legjvle Yeeie peevee ● neLe-hewj ceejvee — keâesefMeMe keâjvee
● efmej G"evee — efJejesOe keâjvee ● neLe [euevee — Meg™ keâjvee
● efmej cegBÌ[eles Deesues heÌ[vee — keâece Meg™ nesles ner yeeOee Deevee ● neLe mee]Heâ keâjvee — yesF&ceeveer mes uesvee Ùee Ûeesjer keâjvee
● efmej hej neLe nesvee — meneje nesvee ● neLeeW neLe jKevee — osKeYeeue kesâ meeLe jKevee
● efmej Pegkeâevee — hejepeÙe mJeerkeâej keâjvee ● neLe Oees yew"vee — efkeâmeer JÙeefkeäle Ùee Jemleg keâes Kees osvee
● efmej Keheevee — JÙeLe& ner meesÛevee ● neLeeW kesâ leesles GÌ[ peevee — nesMe nJeeme Kees peevee
● meesves keâer efÛeefÌ[Ùee — yengle keâerceleer Jemleg ● neLe heerues keâj osvee — ueÌ[keâer keâer Meeoer keâj osvee
● me]Hesâo Pet" — meJe&Lee DemelÙe ● neLe-heeBJe Hetâue peevee — [j mes Ieyeje peevee
● meeBhe keâes otOe efheueevee — Me$eg hej oÙee keâjvee ● neLe ceuevee Ùee neLe ceueles jn peevee — heMÛeeleehe keâjvee
● meeBhe metBIevee — efveef<›eâÙe Ùee yesoce nes peevee ● neLe hej neLe Oejs jnvee — yeskeâece jnvee
●
meeBhe, ÚÚtBoj keâer ieefle nesvee — Demecebpeme keâer oMee nesvee ● neLeer kesâ hewj ceW meyekeâe hewj — yeÌ[er Ûeerpe kesâ meeLe Úesšer keâe meenÛeÙe&
●
mecePe hej helLej heÌ[vee — efJeJeskeâ Kees osvee ●
neue heleuee nesvee — oÙeveerÙe oMee nesvee
●
meeBÛe keâes DeeBÛe veneR — meÛe yeesueves Jeeues keâes efkeâmeer keâe YeÙe veneR ●
nJeeF& efkeâues yeveevee — keâesjer keâuhevee keâjvee
●
metjpe keâes oerhekeâ efoKeevee — efkeâmeer JÙeefkeäle keâer legÛÚ ØeMebmee keâjvee ●
nefLeÙeej [euevee — mebIe<e& yevo keâj osvee
●
mebmeej mes G"vee — cej peevee ●
nkeäkeâe-yekeäkeâe jn peevee — DeÛecYes ceW heÌ[ peevee
●
mey]peyeeie efoKeevee — ueeueÛe oskeâj yenkeâevee
dñVw{ZîR>àíZ
1. cegneJeje nw 5. ‘DeeOee leerlej DeeOee yešsj’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw
(a) Skeâ JeekeäÙeebMe (b) Skeâ hetCe& JeekeäÙe (a) DeeOeer-DeeOeer ÛeerpeeW keâes meeLe jKevee
(c) efvejLe&keâ Meyo mecetn (d) meeLe&keâ Meyo mecetn (b) yescesue ÛeerpeeW keâe meefcceßeCe
2. ‘cegneJeje’ Meyo nw (c) megcesue ÛeerpeeW keâes yešesjvee
(a) Dejyeer Yee<ee keâe (b) ]Heâejmeer Yee<ee keâe (d) DeeOeer-DeeOeer ÛeerpeeW keâes efceueekeâej Skeâ keâjvee
(c) Got& Yee<ee keâe (d) efnvoer Yee<ee keâe
6. ‘keâuespes hej helLej jKevee’ keâe DeLe& nw
3. cegneJejs keâe ØeÙeesie JeekeäÙe ceW efkeâÙee peelee nw (a) Ieesj og:Ke Ùee Meeskeâ keâes keâ"esj ùoÙe kesâ meeLe menve keâjvee
(a) Yee<ee ceW mepeerJelee ueeves kesâ efueS (b) henues pewmee ve jnvee
(b) Yee<ee keâe meewvoÙe& yeÌ{eves kesâ efueS (c) OeesKee Keevee
(c) Yee<ee keâes Deekeâ<e&keâ yeveeves kesâ efueS (d) ›eâesOe ceW Deekeâj efkeâmeer keâes efceše osvee
(d) Yee<ee ceW Dee[cyej Ùee Ûecelkeâej kesâ efueS 7. ‘iegoÌ[er keâe ueeue’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw
(a) DemegefJeOeeDeeW ceW Gvvele nesves Jeeuee (b) iejeryeer ceW efIeje nesvee
4. cegneJejs keâe De#eÙe keâes<e nw
(c) iegoÌ[er keâe ueeue jbie keâe nesvee (d) cenòJehetCe& JÙeefkeäle nesvee
(a) efnvoer Deewj Got& Yee<ee kesâ heeme
(b) efnvoer Deewj ]heâejmeer Yee<ee kesâ heeme 8. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâme cegneJejs keâe DeLe& MeefceËoe nesvee veneR nw?
(a) heeveer-heeveer nesvee (b) Dehevee-mee cegBn ueskeâj jn peevee
(c) efnvoer Deewj Dejyeer Yee<ee kesâ heeme
(c) škeâe-mee cegBn ueskeâj jnvee (d) cegBn ceW heeveer Deevee
(d) Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâesF& veneR
9. ‘Deeoceer yevevee’ cegneJejs keâe GheÙegkeäle DeLe& nw 22. jefJe keâe ceve Deepe heÌ{eF& ceW veneR ueie jne Lee Gmes Deepe Ûeeš hekeâesÌ[er
(a) efkeâmeer DevÙe peerJe keâe Deeoceer ceW heefjJeefle&le nesvee Keeves keâe ceve Lee, Jees Deheveer ceeB kesâ heeme ieÙee Deewj yeesuee, ‘‘ceeB, legce Deepe
(b) Deeoceer pewmee efoKevee yengle megvoj efoKe jner nes~’’
(c) DeÛÚe JÙeJenej meerKevee keâewve-mee cegneJeje jefJe kesâ Fme JÙeJenej keâes meyemes yeKetyeer oMee&lee nw?
(d) ke=âef$ece {bie mes Deeoceer keâe Øeefle™he yeveevee (a) ceve-ceve YeeS cegC[er efnueeS (b) veeÛe vee peeves DeeBieve šsÌ{e
10. jeF& keâe heneÌ[ yeveevee cegneJejs keâe DeLe& keäÙee nw? (c) Dehevee Guuet meerOee keâjvee (d) vee veew ceve lesue nesiee vee jeOee veeÛesieer
(a) yeÌ{e ÛeÌ{e keâj keânvee (b) DemecYeJe keâeÙe& keâjvee 23. ‘efmej hej meJeej jnvee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw
(c) keâuebefkeâle keâjvee (d) hegef<š keâjvee (a) heerÚs heÌ[vee (b) cejves-ceejves hej Glee¤ nesvee
11. ‘efkeâleeye keâe keâerÌ[e nesvee’ keâe GheÙegkeäle DeLe& nw (c) Yeeie peevee (d) yeeOekeâ nesvee
(a) yengcetuÙe Jemleg keâes ve<š keâjves Jeeuee 24. ‘DeeBKe G"ekeâj ve osKevee’ keâe mener DeLe& nw
(b) DevegheÙegkeäle peien jnves Jeeuee (a) heuekeWâ yevo jKevee (b) DeeBKe ve Keesuevee
(c) yengle DeefOekeâ heÌ{ves Jeeuee (c) Ghes#ee keâjvee (d) lehemÙee keâjvee
(d) %eeve keâe ogMceve
25. ‘efcešdšer keâe ceeOees’ nesves keâe DeLe& nw
12. ‘keâÛÛee efÛešd"e Keesuevee’ keâe GheÙegkeäle DeLe& nw (a) mecePeoej nesvee (b) yengle ner cetKe&
(a) meeje Yeso Keesue osvee (b) keâÛÛes keâece keâes hekeäkeâe keâjvee (c) ke=â<Cee keâer cete|le (d) efcešdšer keâer cete|le
(c) Yeso efÚheevee (d) keâeve keâe keâÛÛee nesvee
26. veerÛes efoS ieS JeekeäÙe kesâ efueS mener cegneJeje yeleeFS~
13. oeBleeW leues GBieueer oyeevee ‘ÙegJekeâeW keâes......nesves hej ner efJeJeen keâjvee ÛeeefnS~’
(a) DeeMÛeÙe& keâjvee (b) nervelee Øekeâš keâjvee
(a) Deheves hewjeW hej oesÌ[ves ÙeesiÙe (b) Deheves hewj hemeejves kesâ yeeo
(c) yengle nwjeve nesvee (d) cegmeeryele ceW heÌ[vee
(c) Deheves hewjeW hej KeÌ[s (d) Deheves cegBn efceÙee efcešd"t
14. ‘‘ceveespe ves lees Deheves yeeue Oethe ceW meHesâo efkeâS nQ’’ keâe DeeMeÙe nw 27. ‘DeeBKeeW keâe heeveer {uekeâvee’
(a) ceveespe yengle mecePeoej nw (b) ceveespe yetÌ{e nes ieÙee nw
(a) DelÙevle efØeÙe nesvee (b) yesMece& yeve peevee
(c) ceveespe Deye lekeâ cetKe& nw (d) ceveespe ves Gceü Yej heefjßece efkeâÙee nw
(c) Dekeäue Dee peevee (d) OeesKee osvee
15. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Gme efJekeâuhe keâe ÛeÙeve keâjW pees ‘Dekeäue hej helLej 28. DeekeâeMe mes yeeleW keâjvee
heÌ[vee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& JÙekeäle keâjlee nw? (a) DemecYeJe keâece keâj efoKeevee (b) IeceC[ keâjvee
(a) IeeÙeue nesvee (b) Dekeäue keâes helLej mes ceejvee (c) keâeHeâer TBÛee nesvee (d) DeekeâeMeJeeCeer ceW keâece keâjvee
(c) yegefæ Yeü<š nes peevee (d) Dekeäue keâes helLej hej jKevee
29. veerÛes efoS ieS cegneJejs keâe DeLe& yeleeFS~
16. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Gme efJekeâuhe keâe ÛeÙeve keâjW pees ‘DeeBKeeW ceW Oetue ‘oeie ueievee’
PeeWkeâvee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& JÙekeäle keâjlee nw~ (a) mhe<š keânvee (b) keâuebkeâ ueievee
(a) OeesKee osvee (b) Deheceeefvele keâjvee (c) yengle ®ueevee (d) nj mecYeJe keâ<š osvee
(c) DeeBKeeW mes Oetue GÌ[evee (d) IeeÙeue keâjvee 30. ‘keâeve HetBâkeâvee’ keâe DeLe& nw
17. ‘iebieepeueer G"evee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw (a) Ûeewkeâvvee keâjvee (b) ieg®cev$e osvee
(a) iebiee venevee (b) Skeâ hee$e ceW iebieepeue Yejvee (c) peeot-šesvee keâjvee (d) Ûegieueer keâjvee
(c) keâmece Keevee (d) yeÌ[yeesueeheve
31. veerÛes efoS ieS JeekeäÙe kesâ efueS mešerkeâ cegneJeje yeleeFS~
18. ‘efmej DeeBKeeW hej yew"evee’ Fme cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw ‘yengle DeefOekeâ heefjßece keâjves Jeeuee’
(a) yengle mecceeve osvee (b) yeieeJele keâjvee (a) keâesunt keâe yewue (b) yewueieeÌ[er keâe yewue
(c) peyejomleer keâe ueieeJe (d) heeme Deekeâj yew"vee (c) cesnveleer (d) keâecekeâepeer
19. ‘‘IeÌ[eW heeveer heÌ[ peevee’’ keâe mener DeLe& nw 32. veerÛes efoS ieS JeekeäÙe kesâ efueS mener cegneJeje yeleeFS~
(a) mveeve keâjvee (b) hejsMeeve keâjvee ‘jece Gmemes peye hegmlekeâ ceeBieves ueiee lees Jen.......keâjves ueiee~’
(c) DelÙevle ueefppele nesvee (d) efmej hej heeveer [euevee (a) Devee-keâveer (b) Deevee-keâveer
(c) Deevee-keâeveer (d) keâevee-keâeveer
20. ‘DeeBKe Keguevee’ cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw
(a) %eeve nesvee (b) YeÇce ceW heÌ[vee 33. veerÛes efoS ieS JeekeäÙe kesâ efueS mener cegneJeje yeleeFS~
(c) DeeBKe efkeâjefkeâjevee (d) ueppee otj nesvee
‘kegâmeea keâer nesÌ[ ves mejkeâej keâes pevelee keâer.....~’
21. veerÛes efoS ieS cegneJejeW ceW mes keâewve-mee cegneJeje, oMee&S ieS JÙeJenej keâe meyemes (a) "eskeâjeW ceW efieje efoÙee (b) hewjeW ceW efieje efoÙee
mešerkeâ JeCe&ve keâjlee nw? kegâÚ ueesieeW keâer meesÛe lees meeOeejCe nesleer nw; ceiej (c) DeeBKeeW ceW efieje efoÙee (d) DeeBKeeW ceW efye"e efoÙee
Gvekeâe cegBn ncesMee Ûeuelee jnlee nw~ 34. ‘ieesue keâj peevee’ cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw
(a) ceve-ceve YeeS cegC[er efnueeS (b) veeÛe vee peeves DeeBieve šsÌ{e (a) ceesše nesvee (b) Yeeie peevee
(c) efpeleveer uecyeer Ûeeoj Gleves uecyes hewj (d) DeOepeue ieiejer Úuekeâle peeS (c) iegmmee nesvee (d) ieeÙeye keâj osvee
{hÝXr$$ 97
35. efvecve ceW mes keâewve-mee Ùegice ieuele nw? 48. keâešes lees Ketve veneR
(a) uegefšÙee [tyevee-meeje keâece Ûeewheš nesvee (a) efyeukegâue efvepeeaJe nes peevee (b) YeÙe kesâ keâejCe mleyOe nes peevee
(b) meype yeeie efoKeueevee-nje-Yeje keâjvee (c) iegmmee Meevle nes peevee (d) heerÌ[e Meevle nes peevee
(c) cegšd"er iejce keâjvee-efjMJele osvee 49. Skeâ DeeBKe ve Yeevee
(d) ceeF& keâe ueeue-meenmeer JÙeefkeäle (a) efJejkeäle nesvee (b) lešmLe nesvee
36. ‘meeJeOeeve keâjvee’ kesâ DeLe& ceW cegneJeje nw (c) efyeukegâue DeÛÚe ve ueievee (d) Ghes#ee keâjvee
(a) DeeBKe efoKeevee (b) keâeve Keesuevee 50. GBieueer G"evee
(c) DeeW" Ûeyeevee (d) Ketve heervee (a) Dehevee cenòJe JÙekeäle keâjvee (b) oes<e keâer Deesj mebkesâle keâjvee
37. ‘DeBiet"e Ûetmevee’ kesâ efueS mener efJekeâuhe nw (c) DemJeerkeâej keâjvee (d) #ecee keâjvee
(a) KegMeeceo keâjvee (b) mecceeve keâjvee 51. ‘veF& ]peceerve leesÌ[vee’ kesâ Ûeej DeLe& efoS ieÙes nQ, mener keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(c) yengle efJeveÙe Øekeâš keâjvee (d) Ùes meYeer (a) hegjeves keâes efceševee (b) efueKes ngS keâes keâešvee
38. veerÛes hebefkeäleÙeeW kesâ meeceves Gvekesâ DeLe& efueKes nQ~ FveceW mes ieuele DeLe& Jeeueer (c) Devet"e ØeÙeesie (d) yeÌ[er uekeâerj KeeRÛevee
hebefkeäle ÚeBefšS 52. ‘meesves ceW megievOe’ cegneJeje keâe mener DeLe& nw
(a) uebieesšer ceW heâeie Kesuevee — oefjõlee ceW Deevevo (a) megvoj Jemleg ceW Deewj iegCe nesvee (b) megievOe mes Ùegkeäle DeeYet<eCe
(b) ieeue yepeevee — [eRie ceejvee
(c) hešjer yew"vee — eqJeÛeej efceuevee (c) megvoj DeeYet<eCe nesvee (d) megieefvOele meesvee
(d) keâewÌ[er keâe leerve — yengle DeÛÚe nesvee 53. ‘keâeve keâe keâÛÛee nesvee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw
39. ‘‘yesJeketâheâ cele mecePevee .........’’ JeekeäÙe keâes hetje keâjes~ (a) yenje nesvee
(a) ceQ Yeer Gušer iebiee yenevee peevelee ntB (b) megveer-megveeÙeer yeeleeW hej efJeMJeeme keâjvee
(b) ceQves keâÛÛeer ieesefueÙeeB veneR Kesueer nQ (c) meYeer hej DeefJeMJeeme keâjvee
(c) ceQ og:Keleer jie hej neLe jKe mekeâlee ntB (d) keâce megveeÙeer osvee
(d) ceQ Yeer efove ceW leejs osKe mekeâlee ntB 54. ‘Iegšves šskeâvee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw:
40. ‘iejerye kesâ Iej ceW iegCeJeeve keâe Glhevve nesvee’ kesâ efueS GheÙegkeäle (a) Iegšves ceW oo& nesvee (b) og:Keer nesvee
efJekeâuhe nesiee~ (c) nej ceeve uesvee (d) efJepeÙe Øeehle keâjvee
(a) iegoÌ[er keâe ueeue (b) Úhhej heâeÌ[ kesâ osvee 55. ‘efKeÛeÌ[er hekeâevee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw:
(c) Ieer kesâ oerS peueevee (d) efove otvee jele Ûeewiegvee (a) Yeespeve yeveevee (b) ÛeeJeue-oeue efceueekeâj yeveevee
41. efvecveefueefKele ÙegiceeW ceW mes keâewve-mee ieuele nww? (c) efkeâmeer he[dÙev$e keâer lewÙeejer keâjvee (d) efkeâmeer kesâ efueS Keevee hekeâevee
(a) ueesne uesvee-meecevee keâjvee 56. ‘DeeQOeer KeesheÌ[er’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw
(b) jemlee veehevee-Deekeâueve keâjvee (a) cetKe& nesvee (b) kegâÚ efveCe&Ùe ve keâj heevee
(c) jie-jie peevevee-DeÛÚer lejn mes heefjefÛele nesvee (c) eEkeâkeâòe&JÙeefJecetÌ{ nesvee (d) PeieÌ[euet nesvee
(d) Mewleeve kesâ keâeve keâešvee-yengle Ûelegj nesvee
57. ‘DeeBKes hesâj uesvee’ keâe DeLe& nw
42. ‘Dehevee Guuet meerOee keâjvee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw (a) otmejer lejheâ osKevee
(a) Dehevee celeueye efvekeâeuevee (b) keâeÙe& hetje nes peevee (b) efkeâmeer Deewj keâer Ûeenle
(c) otmejs mes keâeÙe& keâjJeevee (d) Dehevee keâeÙe& hetje keâjvee
(c) Goemeerve nes peevee (Øeefleketâue nes peevee)
43. ‘ieeB" keâe hetje’ cegneJejs keâe keäÙee DeLe& nw? (d) veejepe nes peevee
(a) F&ceeveoej (b) ogkeâeveoej
(c) ueehejJeen (d) ceeueoej 58. ‘veekeâ keâe yeeue nesvee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw
(a) DeefOekeâ meceerhe nesvee (b) keâ<š nesvee
44. ‘heeKeC[er JÙeefkeäle’ kesâ efueS GheÙegkeäle cegneJeje nw (c) DeefOekeâ efØeÙe nesvee (d) heeuelet nesvee
(a) yeefÚÙee kesâ leeT (b) yeieguee Yeiele
(c) heQlejsyeepe (d) ceeF& keâe ueeue 59. ‘keâuespes hej meeBhe ueesšvee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw
(a) og:Keer nesvee (b) F&<Ùee& mes peue G"vee
45. ‘ef$eMebkegâ nesvee’ keâe GheÙegkeäle DeLe& nw (c) ogMceveer efvekeâeuevee (d) oervelee Øekeâš keâjvee
(a) ÛeejeW Deesj OÙeeve nesvee (b) efkeâmeer Deesj keâe ve jnvee
(c) leerve Deesj OÙeeve osvee (d) kesâJeue Thej osKevee 60. ‘Dehevee neLe peievveeLe’ keâe DeLe& nw
(a) ceveceeveer keâjvee
46. leueJeej keâer Oeej hej Ûeuevee (b) Dehevee neLe hetpÙeveerÙe neslee nw
(a) vegkeâeruee nesvee (b) hejeefpele keâj osvee (c) Deheves Deehe mes keâece keâjvee ner GheÙegkeäle neslee nw
(c) F&<Ùee& keâjvee (d) keâef"ve keâeÙe& keâjvee (d) Deheves neLe mes oeve keâjvee
47. efJenbiece Âef<š 61. ‘DeJemej keâe ueeYe G"evee’ kesâ efueS GheÙegkeäle nw
(a) leerKeer vepej (b) cevo vepej (a) yenleer iebiee ceW neLe Oeesvee (b) DeekeâeMe-heeleeue Skeâ keâjvee
(c) mejmejer vepej (d) ienjer vepej (c) hetâues ve meceevee (d) DebieejeW hej hewj jKevee
62. ‘yeeOee [euevee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw 76. cenejepe oMejLe ÙeLee veece leLee iegCe Les~
(a) heeuee heÌ[vee (b) jesÌ[e Deškeâevee (a) veece cee$e keâer GheÙeesefielee (b) pewmee veece Jewmee ner iegCe
(c) yejme heÌ[vee (d) oeBleeW ceW peerYe nesvee (c) GheÙeesefielee efJenerve (d) iegCeJeeve
63. ‘heeje Glejvee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw 77. yeej-yeej veekeâ jieÌ[ves hej Yeer hegefueme ves DeMeeskeâ keâes veneR ÚesÌ[e~
(a) leeheceeve keâce nesvee (b) ›eâesOe keâce nesvee
(c) yegKeej Glejvee (d) meoea heÌ[vee (a) efJeveleer keâjvee (b) KegMeeceo keâjvee
64. ‘Kesle jnvee’ cegneJejs keâe Meeefyokeâ DeLe& nw (c) DeOeerve nesvee (d) yeerceej heÌ[vee
(a) mecheefòe keâe yeÛee jn peevee (b) Fppele yeÛe peevee 78. ‘yesše meceÙe jnles ve heÌ{s lees YeefJe<Ùe ceW yegjer lejn heÚleeDeesies’–JeekeäÙe ceW ‘yegjer
(c) Jeerjieefle keâes Øeehle nes peevee (d) Me$eg mes cegkeâeyeuee nesvee lejn heÚleeDeesies’ kesâ mLeeve hej Ùen cegneJeje Dee mekeâlee nw
65. ‘ÛeeBo hej Letkeâvee’ cegneJejs keâe DeeMeÙe nw (a) DebieejeW hej ueesšesies (b) Dee"-Dee" DeeBmet jesDeesies
(a) DemecYeJe keâece keâjvee (b) efvejLe&keâ keâece keâjvee (c) DebÛeje hemeejesies (d) kegâSB ceW efiejesies
(c) meewvoÙe& keâe Deveeoj keâjvee (d) mecceeveerÙe keâe Deveeoj keâjvee 79. ‘Yeejle kesâ Delegefuele Oeve JewYeJe hej Deb«espeeW ves oeBle ieÌ[e efoÙes’–JeekeäÙe ceW
66. ‘petefleÙeeW ceW oeue yeeBšvee’ cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw ØeÙegkeäle ‘oeBle ieÌ[e efoÙes’ keâe DeLe& nw
(a) og:Keer nesvee (b) Deheceeve keâjvee (a) efkeâmeer Jemleg keâes ieuele {bie mes heeves keâer ienjer Ûeen
(c) Ûeeheuetmeer keâjvee (d) ueÌ[eF&-PeieÌ[e nes peevee (b) otmejs keâer Jemleg osKekeâj ueueÛee peevee
67. ‘heew yeejn nesvee’ cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw (c) otmejs keâer Jemleg Ûegjeves keâer Ûes<še keâjvee
(a) meye lejn keâer megKe-megefJeOeeDeeW keâe nesvee (d) OeesKes mes otmejs keâer Jemleg uesvee
(b) GheõJe keâjvee
(c) heueeÙeve keâjvee efveoxMe (Øe. meb. 80-82) eqvecveefueefKele cegneJejeW kesâ efueS GefÛele efJekeâuhe ÛegefveS~
(d) ØeÙeemejle keâjvee 80. iebiee venevee
68. ‘vekeäkeâejKeeves ceW letleer keâer DeeJeepe’ cegneJeje keâe DeefYeØeeÙe nw (a) heefJe$e nesvee (b) keâeÙe& hetje keâj efveefMÛevle nesvee
(a) letleer keâer DeeJeepe meyemes TBÛeer nesleer nw (c) veoer ceW mveeve keâjvee (d) ØeMebmee keâjvee
(b) vekeäkeâejKeeves ceW letleer veneR yeesueleer 81. DeeBKe ueievee
(c) vekeâejs ueesieeW keâer meJe&$e letleer yeesueleer jnleer nw (a) DeeMebkeâe nesvee (b) ce=lÙeg nesvee
(d) meceLe& JÙeefkeäle kesâ meeceves DemeceLe& JÙeefkeäle keâe ØeYeeJe veneR heÌ[lee (c) veeRo Deevee (d) Øesce nesvee
69. keâewve cegneJeje veneR nw? 82. petles Ûeešvee
(a) ueeue heeruee jnvee (b) meype yeeie efoKeevee (a) FOej-GOej Ietcevee (b) Ietme osvee
(c) heeruee cegBn keâjvee (d) nje ner nje metPevee (c) petleeW keâes Ûecekeâoej yeveevee (d) KegMeeceo keâjvee
70. ‘ieÌ[s cego&s GKeeÌ[vee’ keâe DeefYeØeeÙe nw efveoxMe (Øe. meb. 83-84) eqvecveefueefKele cegneJejeW kesâ efueS GheÙegkeäle
(a) JÙeLe& ßece keâjvee (b) keâefyeÇmleeve ceW Mejerj GKeeÌ[vee efJekeâuhe ÛegefveS~
(c) Deefvlece mebmkeâej keâjvee (d) hegjeveer yeeleeW keâes ognjevee
83. Leeueer keâe yeQieve
71. ‘Deb[s mesvee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw (a) DeefOekeâ efÛekeâvee (b) ÛeewÌ[e nesvee
(a) cegieea keâe ÛetpeeW kesâ Thej yew"vee (b) mJeeJeuecyeer nesvee (c) ieesue nesvee (d) efmeæevlenerve JÙeefkeäle
(c) mJeeLe& efmeæ keâjvee (d) Iej ceW yeskeâej yew"vee
84. ‘DeeBmet heerkeâj jn peevee’ cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw
72. ‘petlece hewpeej’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw (a) DeeBmet yenves ve osvee
(a) ueÌ[eF&-PeieÌ[e nesvee (b) uetš ceÛeevee
(b) Devve kesâ DeYeeJe ceW DeeBmet mes YetKe efceševee
(c) ÚerveePehešer keâjvee (d) efkeâmeer Jemleg keâer yengleeÙele
(c) iegmmee nesvee
73. ‘efmej mes heeveer iegpej peevee’ cegneJejs keâe GheÙegkeäle DeLe& keäÙee nw? (d) ÛegheÛeehe og:Ke men uesvee
(a) ienjs heeveer ceW mveeve keâjvee (b) menveMeeruelee keâer meercee štš peevee
(c) DeÛÚer Øekeâej mes efmej Oeesvee (d) [tyeves mes yeÛe peevee 85. ‘Dekeäue keâe ogMceve’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw
(a) efce$e (b) cenehebef[le
74. ogIe&švee keâe ÂMÙe osKekeâj veerefuecee keâe keâuespee hemeerpe ieÙee~ (c) cenecetKe& (d) Me$eg
(a) efoue yew" peevee (b) neuele Kejeye nesvee
(c) ieceea ueievee (d) oÙee Glhevve nesvee 86. ‘DeeBKeeW ceW Oetue PeeWkeâvee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw
(a) OeesKee Keevee
75. cev$eer kesâ Deeves hej pevelee ves GvnW DeeBKe G"ekeâj Yeer veneR osKee~
(b) OeesKee osvee
(a) Ûeghe jnvee (b) peer Ûegjevee
(c) OÙeeve lekeâ ve osvee (d) Devemegveer keâjvee (c) nesueer Kesuevee
(d) DeeBKe ceW Oetue [euevee
{hÝXr$$ 99
efveoxMe (Øe. meb. 87-88) veerÛes efoS ieS cegneJejeW kesâ Ûeej-Ûeej Jewkeâefuhekeâ DeLe& 100. Gmeves lees cesjer DeeBKeW Keesue oer jsKeebefkeâle cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nesiee
efoS ieS nQ~ FveceW mes mener DeLe& keâe ÛeÙeve keâj Gmes efÛeefÖle keâjW~ (a) Yeüce otj keâjvee (b) efkeâmeer yeele hej OÙeeve ve osvee
(c) mJeeiele kesâ efueS jen osKevee (d) DevOekeâej otj keâjvee
87. cegBn keâer Keevee
(a) Yeespeve Kee uesvee (b) Yeeie peevee 101. ‘iegÌ[ ieesyej keâj osvee’–cegneJejs keâe GefÛele DeLe& yeleeFS~
(c) nej peevee (d) efiej heÌ[vee (a) keâesF& yeKesÌ[e KeÌ[e keâjvee
(b) ieeÙeye keâj osvee
88. [heesjMebKe (c) yevee yeveeÙee keâece efyeieeÌ[ osvee
(a) efJeMes<e lejn keâe MebKe (d) Deheveer neefve keâjkesâ ceewpe GÌ[evee
(b) yes efmej-hewj keâer yeeleW keâjves Jeeuee
(c) yengle yeÌ[er efieveleer 102. ‘nefLeÙeej [eue osvee’–cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& yeleeFS~
(d) YeejleerÙe MebKe (a) cee$e keâuÙeeCe keâjles jnvee (b) nefLeÙeej efieje osvee
(c) nefLeÙeej G"e uesvee (d) nej ceeve uesvee
89. ‘Mewleeve keâer DeeBle’–Fme cegneJejs keâe GheÙegkeäle DeLe& nw
(a) DelÙevle Oetle& JÙeefkeäle (b) yengle uecyeer Jemleg 103. megcesefuele keâerefpeS
(c) DelÙevle veieCÙe Jemleg (d) DelÙevle ueeYeoeÙekeâ Jemleg metÛeer-I (cegneJeje) metÛeer-II (DeLe&)
90. ‘õewheoer keâe Ûeerj’ keâe DeLe& nw A. keâeve ueieevee 1. OÙeeve osvee
(a) veejer keâe Deheceeve keâjvee (b) Mece&veekeâ keâeÙe& B. keâeve KeÌ[s keâjvee 2. Ûeewkeâvvee nesvee
(c) keâYeer meceehle ve nesvee (d) megvoj m$eer C. DeeBKe ueieevee 3. efveieen jKevee
91. ‘‘ketâheceb[tkeâ nesvee’’ keâe DeLe& nw D. DeeBKeW Keguevee 4. mepeie nesvee
(a) kegâSB ceW efiejvee (b) cetKe& nesvee ketâš
(c) ceele osvee (d) meerefcele %eeve/meerefcele DevegYeJe nesvee A B C D A B C D
(a) 3 4 2 1 (b) 1 2 3 4
92. ‘Úkeäkeâe-hebpee keâjvee’ cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw
(c) 1 2 4 3 (d) 3 1 4 2
(a) PeieÌ[e ueieevee
(b) DeesÚer njkeâle mes keâeÙe& efmeæ keâjvee 104. ‘DeBiegueer G"evee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& efvecve efJekeâuheeW ceW mes keâewve-mee nw?
(c) Ûeeheuetmeer keâjvee (a) oes<e efvekeâeuevee (b) oes<e ve efvekeâeuevee
(d) veejoieerjer keâjvee (c) oes<e efveieuevee (d) oes<eer keâes efvekeâeuevee
93. ‘‘DevOes keâes oerhekeâ efoKeevee’’ cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& ÛegefveS 105. cegneJejs keâe ÙegefkeäleÙegkeäle DeLe& veneR nw
(a) DevOes keâe jemlee jesMeve keâjvee (b) veemecePe keâes GheosMe osvee (a) Ú"er keâe jepee-keâef"ve heefjßece keâjves Jeeuee
(c) veemecePe keâes jesMeveer osvee (d) DevOes keâer meneÙelee keâjvee (b) heWos kesâ yeue yew"vee-hejeYeJe ceevevee
94. ‘ietuej keâe hetâue nesvee’ cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw (c) Úeleer GceÌ[ Deevee-Øesce Ùee keâ®Cee mes ieoieo nesvee
(a) hetâue keâer lejn efKeuevee (b) Deefle Øemevve nesvee (d) Ûeeoj mes yeenj hewj hewâueevee-ceÙee&oe keâe GuuebIeve keâjvee
(c) ogue&Ye Jemleg (d) megieefvOele nesvee 106. Gme efJekeâuhe keâe ÛeÙeve keâjW pees efoS ieS cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw~
95. ‘Debie-Debie hetâues ve meceevee’ cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw ceeLes hej yeue heÌ[vee~
(a) iegmmee nesvee (b) og:Keer nesvee (a) efmej oo& nesvee (b) hemebo keâjvee
(c) yengle Deeveefvole nesvee (d) yeerceejer nesvee (c) iegmmee keâjvee (d) Demevlees<e Øekeâš keâjvee
96. ‘DebieejeW hej hewj jKevee’ cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& keäÙee nw? 107. Gme efJekeâuhe keâe ÛeÙeve keâjW pees efoS ieS cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw~
(a) cetKe& nesvee (b) mecePeoej nesvee Dee"-Dee" DeeBmet jesvee~
(c) vegkeâmeeve nesvee (d) peesefKece ceesue uesvee (a) heÚleevee (b) yengle DeefOekeâ efJeueehe keâjvee
(c) DeeMÛeÙe&Ûeefkeâle nesvee (d) efieve Ûegvekeâj jesvee
97. ‘Meeskeâ keâjvee’ kesâ efueS cegneJeje nw
(a) efmej Yeejer nesvee (b) efmej ÛeÌ{vee 108. Gme efJekeâuhe keâe ÛeÙeve keâjW pees efoS ieS cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw~
(c) efmej heeršvee (d) efmej hej meJeej nesvee keâcej štšvee~
(a) efvejeMe nesvee (b) peerle peevee
98. ‘Deemeceeve heâš peevee’ cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw (c) keâcej štš peevee (d) Ûeesš ueievee
(a) DemecYeJe keâece nesvee (b) yengle Meesj keâjvee
(c) Ûegieueer keâjvee (d) DeÛeevekeâ Deeheâle Dee heÌ[vee 109. efvecve ceW ‘ieeue-yepeevee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw
(a) pÙeeoe DeeJeepe keâjvee (b) meesves peevee
99. ‘mJeeJeuecyeer nesves’ kesâ efueS mener cegneJeje nw (c) JÙeLe& keâer yeeleW keâjvee (d) {esue yepeevee
(a) heew yeejn nesvee
(b) heeveer hesâj osvee 110. ‘oj-oj Yeškeâvee’ efkeâme cegneJejs keâe mešerkeâ DeLe& nw?
(c) hewjeW hej KeÌ[e nesvee (a) Keekeâ Úevevee (b) ieesue keâj peevee
(d) heBtâkeâ-heBtâkeâ keâj hewj jKevee (c) veew oes iÙeejn nesvee (d) Ieeš-Ieeš keâe heeveer heervee
111. ‘efkeâveejs ueievee’ cegneJejs keâe GheÙegkeäle DeLe& nw 120. Keje Kesue heâ®&Keeyeeoer
(a) efkeâmeer keâeÙe& keâe meceehle nesvee (a) heâ®&Keeyeeo ceW Kesuee peeves Jeeuee Skeâ Kesue
(b) [tyeves mes yeÛevee (b) OeesKeeOeÌ[er
(c) uenjeW Éeje efkeâmeer Jemleg keâes efkeâveejs heWâkeâvee (c) meÛÛee keâece
(d) veoer heej keâjves ceW Demeheâue nesvee (d) keâLeveer Deewj keâjveer ceW Devlej
112. ‘Kesn Keevee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw 121. neLe keâe cewue
(a) Keeves keâe ueeueÛeer nesvee (b) Deemeeve mecePevee (a) cesnvele keâer keâceeF& (b) DelÙevle legÛÚ Jemleg
(c) yegjer oMee ceW jnvee (d) Ûeeueekeâ nesvee (c) menpe Øeehle Jemleg (d) hejceelcee keâer osve
113. ‘ieues kesâ veerÛes Glejvee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw 122. meJe&veeMe keâj osvee (mener cegneJejs hej efveMeeve ueieeDees)
(a) heÛeevee (b) Kees peevee (a) FËš mes FËš yepee osvee (b) Fefleßeer keâj osvee
(c) npece keâjvee (d) mecePe ceW Deevee (c) veeceesefveMeeve efceše osvee (d) Ghejeskeäle ceW mes keâesF& veneR
114. ‘yeeuet mes lesue efvekeâeuevee’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& nw 123. ‘yegefæceeve nesves keâe ieJe&’ DeLe&yeesOekeâ cegneJeje nw
(a) MeerIeÇ ve<š nesves Jeeueer Jemleg (a) Dekeäue hej helLej heÌ[vee (b) Dekeäue kesâ IeesÌ[s oewÌ[evee
(b) DemecYeJe keâece keâjvee (c) Dekeäue keâe ogMceve (d) Dekeäue keâe hegleuee
(c) hetCe&le: mJemLe nesvee
124. ‘yengle keâ<š nesvee’ DeLe& kesâ efueS efvekeâšlece cegneJeje nw
(d) yengle meeOeve mechevve nesvee
(a) Úeleer heâšvee (b) Úeleer heeršvee
115. ‘yeeBÚW efKeuevee’ mes DeeMeÙe nw (c) Úeleer hej Oej keâj ues peevee (d) Úeleer hej cetBie ouevee
(a) heâmeue ceW heâefueÙeeB Dee peevee
125. ‘GÌ[leer efÛeefÌ[ÙeeB kesâ hebKe efievevee’ cegneJeje keâe mener DeLe& nesiee
(b) DelÙevle Øemevve nesvee
(a) DevegYeJeer nesvee (b) JeekeâdÛelegj nesvee
(c) keâece hetje nes peevee
(c) ØeefleYeeMeeueer nesvee (d) DemecYeJe keâeÙe& keâjvee
(d) efKeueefKeueekeâj nBmevee
126. ‘vekeäkeâejKeeves ceW letleer keâer DeeJeepe’ cegneJeje keâe DeefYeØeeÙe nw
efveoxMe (Øe. meb. 116-121) eqvecveefueefKele cegneJejeW kesâ efueS GefÛele efJekeâuhe
(a) letleer keâer DeeJeepe meyemes TBÛeer nesleer nw
ÛegefveS~ (b) vekeäkeâejKeeves ceW letleer veneR yeesueleer
116. kesâj-yesj keâe mebie nesvee (c) vekeâejs ueesieeW keâer meJe&$e letleer yeesueleer jnleer nw
(a) mecevJeÙe nesvee (d) meceLe& JÙeefkeäle kesâ meeceves DemeceLe& JÙeefkeäle keâe ØeYeeJe veneR heÌ[lee
(b) ieuele keâece nesvee 127. ‘petefleÙeeW ceW oeue yeeBšvee’ cegneJejs keâe mener DeLe& nw
(c) DemecYeJe keâece nesvee (a) og:Keer nesvee (b) Deheceeve keâjvee
(d) efJe®æ mJeYeeJe JeeueeW keâe Skeâ meeLe efceuevee (c) Ûeeheuetmeer keâjvee (d) ueÌ[eF&-PeieÌ[e nes peevee
117. Iej-Iej ceW ceešer kesâ Ûetuns nesvee 128. ‘meypeyeeie efoKeevee’ cegneJeje keâe DeLe& nw
(a) ØelÙeskeâ heefjJeej ceW yeBšJeeje neslee nw (a) yeeie ceW Ietceves peevee (b) meeie-meypeer hewoe keâjvee
(b) meye peien keäuesMe nw (c) ØeueesYeve osvee (d) YeÙeYeerle keâjvee
(c) meye meceeve nesvee
(d) efcešdšer keâe Ûetune Deemeeveer mes yevee efueÙee peelee nw 129. ‘efvevÙeeveJes kesâ hesâj ceW heÌ[vee’ keâe DeLe& nw
(a) efkeâmeer keâeÙe& keâes hetje ve keâjvee
118. Yeele meÌ[vee (b) JeemleefJekeâlee mes efYevve efmLeefle
(a) efyejeojer mes efvekeâeuevee (c) Oeve meb«en keâer efÛevlee ceW heÌ[vee
(b) ueehejJeen nesvee (d) DevegYeJenerve nesvee
(c) DeeJeMÙekeâlee mes DeefOekeâ Yeespeve lewÙeej nesvee
(d) yeemeer Yeespeve 130. ‘Yeejle kesâ Delegefuele Oeve JewYeJe hej Deb«espeeW ves oeBle ieÌ[e efoÙes’-JeekeäÙe ceW
ØeÙegkeäle ‘oeBle ieÌ[e efoÙes’ keâe DeLe& nw
119. DeBieejeW hej hewj jKevee (a) efkeâmeer Jemleg keâes ieuele {bie mes heeves keâer ienjer Ûeen
(a) peeveyetPekeâj Kelejs keâe keâece keâjvee
(b) otmejs keâer Jemleg osKekeâj ueueÛee peevee
(b) nesueer kesâ DeJemej hej efkeâS peeves Jeeues ke=âlÙe
(c) otmejs keâer Jemleg Ûegjeves keâer Ûes<še keâjvee
(c) DemecYeJe keâece keâjvee
(d) OeesKes mes otmejs keâer Jemleg uesvee
(d) veKejs keâjvee
{hÝXr$$ 101
CÎma‘mbm
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (a)
11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (a) 14. (c) 15. (c) 16. (a) 17. (c) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (a)
21. (d) 22. (c) 23. (a) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (c) 27. (b) 28. (c) 29. (b) 30. (b)
31. (a) 32. (c) 33. (c) 34. (d) 35. (b) 36. (b) 37. (d) 38. (d) 39. (b) 40. (a)
41. (b) 42. (a) 43. (d) 44. (b) 45. (b) 46. (d) 47. (c) 48. (b) 49. (c) 50. (b)
51. (c) 52. (a) 53. (b) 54. (c) 55. (c) 56. (a) 57. (c) 58. (c) 59. (b) 60. (c)
61. (a) 62. (b) 63. (b) 64. (c) 65. (a) 66. (d) 67. (a) 68. (d) 69. (c) 70. (d)
71. (d) 72. (a) 73. (b) 74. (d) 75. (c) 76. (b) 77. (a) 78. (b) 79. (b) 80. (b)
81. (c) 82. (d) 83. (d) 84. (d) 85. (c) 86. (b) 87. (c) 88. (b) 89. (b) 90. (c)
91. (d) 92. (b) 93. (b) 94. (c) 95. (c) 96. (d) 97. (c) 98. (d) 99. (c) 100. (a)
101. (c) 102. (d) 103. (d) 104. (a) 105. (c) 106. (d) 107. (a) 108. (a) 109. (c) 110. (a)
111. (a) 112. (c) 113. (d) 114. (b) 115. (b) 116. (d) 117. (c) 118. (a) 119. (a) 120. (c)
121. (c) 122. (c) 123. (d) 124. (a) 125. (d) 126. (d) 127. (d) 128. (c) 129. (c) 130. (b)
AÜ¶m¶ 05
dm³¶m§e Ho$ {bE EH$ eãX

Deheef"le ieÅeebMe mes mecyeefvOele meejebMe, YeeJeeLe&, DeeMeÙe, cegKÙeeLe& Deewj meb#esheCe Je JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo keâe %eeve yengGheÙeesieer neslee nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ FvnW nue keâjves kesâ
efueS mebef#ehlelee hej efJeMes<e yeue efoÙee peelee nw~ JeekeäÙeebMeeW kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo met$eelcekeâ Ùee meceeme Mewueer hej DeeOeeefjle nesles nQ~ Úe$eeW kesâ efueS efJeefYevve ØeefleÙeesieer
hejer#eeDeeW keâer Âef<š mes cenòJehetCe& JeekeäÙeebMeeW kesâ efueS leeefuekeâe oer ieF& nw
JeekeäÙeebMe Skeâ Meyo JeekeäÙeebMe Skeâ Meyo

(De) ceuueÙegæ keâe mLeeve DeKeeÌ[e
pees Keeves ÙeesiÙe ve nes DeKeeÅe
neLeer neBkeâves keâe ueesns keâe [C[soej ngkeâ DebkegâMe
hetJe& Deewj oef#eCe keâe keâesvee DeefivekeâesCe
efpemekeâes ieeso ceW mLeeve efceuee nes DebkeâmLe Deeies keâe efJeÛeej keâjves Jeeuee De«emeesÛeer
ieeso ceW meesves Jeeueer m$eer DebkeâMeeefÙeveer yeÌ[e YeeF& (efpemekeâe pevce henues ngDee nes) De«epe
pecneF& kesâ meeLe Debie keâes leevevee DeBieÌ[eF& efpeme hej DeefYeÙeesie ueieeÙee ieÙee nes DeefYeÙegkeäle
Mejerj kesâ efkeâmeer DeJeÙeJe keâe štšvee DebieYebie efpeme JÙeefkeäle keâe keâesF& Debie štše Ùee Kejeye nes Dehebie
DeC[s mes Glhevve nesves Jeeuee DeC[pe efpemekeâe pevce yeeo ceW ngDee nes Devegpe
ieg® kesâ meceerhe jnves Jeeuee efJeÅeeLeea DeblesJeemeer efpemekeâe KeC[ve ve efkeâÙee pee mekesâ DeKeC[veerÙe
cenue keâe Yeerlejer Yeeie Deble:hegj pees efievee ve pee mekesâ DeieefCele
efpemekeâe pevce DevlÙe (Úesšer) peeefle ceW ngDee nes DeblÙepe efpemekeâer efieveleer ØecegKe JÙeefkeäleÙeeW ceW nes De«eCeer
pees keâne ve pee mekesâ DekeâLeveerÙe efpemekeâe %eeve FefvõÙeeW Éeje ve nes DeieesÛej/FefvõÙeeleerle
ve keâjves ÙeesiÙe DekeâjCeerÙe efpemekeâer efÛevlee ve nes DeefÛevlÙe
efpeme ef›eâÙee keâe keâce& ve nes Dekeâce&keâ pees ÚgDee ve ieÙee nes DeÚtlee
pees yeele ve keâner ieF& nes DekeâefLele pees peerlee ve pee mekesâ DepesÙe
pees oC[ heeves ÙeesiÙe ve nes DeoC[veerÙe efpemekeâe keâYeer pevce ve nes Depevcee
pees ve peevee ieÙee nes De%eele efpemekeâe keâesF& Me$eg Glhevve ve ngDee nes DepeeleMe$eg
Jen jesie efpemekeâe "erkeâ nesvee keâef"ve nes DemeeOÙe efpemekeâer mecelee ve nes mekesâ Ùee efpemekeâer leguevee ve nes mekesâ Delegue
meercee keâe DevegefÛele GuuebIeve Deefle›eâceCe
DevÙe ceelee mes hewoe ngDee YeeF& DevÙeesoj/meewlesuee
efpemekesâ Deeves keâer efleefLe %eele ve nes DeefleefLe
pees DeefYeÙeesie ueieeS/peess efMekeâeÙele keâjs DeefYeÙeesieer
DeeJeMÙekeâlee mes DeefOekeâ Je<ee& DeefleJe=ef<š
pees otmejs kesâ yeueyetles hej nes Dehejyeue
efkeâmeer yeele keâes yeÌ{e-ÛeÌ{ekeâj keânvee DeefleMeÙeesefkeäle
pees efyevee {keâe nes DeveeJe=òe pees yeerle Ûegkeâe nes Deleerle
pees otmejeW mes mecyeefvOele ve nes DevevÙe efpemekeâe DevegYeJe FefvõÙeeW Éeje ve efkeâÙee pee mekesâ DeleerefvõÙe
pees JÙeJenej ceW ve ueeÙee ieÙee nes DeJÙeJeùle pees keâYeer efoKeeF& ve oslee nes DeÂMÙe
hetjs peerJeve ceW DeepeerJeve efpemekesâ peesÌ[ Ùee yejeyejer keâe keâesF& ve nes DeefÉleerÙe
pees heeve keâjves ÙeesiÙe veneR nw DehesÙe pees osKee ve ieÙee nes (YeeiÙe) DeÂ<š
DeeJeMÙekeâlee mes DeefOekeâ Oeve keâe «enCe ve keâjvee Deheefj«en DeefOekeâej ceW DeeÙee ngDee DeefOeke=âle
DeeJeMÙekeâlee Ùee GefÛele cee$ee mes DeefOekeâ KeÛe& keâjves Jeeuee DeheJÙeÙeer efJeMes<e DeeosMe pees efkeâmeer efveefMÛele DeJeefOe lekeâ ueeiet nes DeOÙeeosMe
LeesÌ[e KeÛe& keâjves Jeeuee DeuheJÙeÙeer heÌ{eves-efueKeves keâe keâeÙe& DeOÙeeheve
efpemekeâe DeefmlelJe Deuhekeâeue lekeâ jns Deuhekeâeefuekeâ Jen m$eer efpemekeâe heefle otmeje efJeJeen keâj ues DeOÙetÌ{e
efpemekesâ heeme kegâÚ ve nes DeeEkeâÛeve efpemekeâe keâneR Devle ve neslee nes Devevle
{hÝXr 103

pees peevee ve ieÙee nes DeveJeiele efpemekeâer mebKÙee meerefcele ve nes DemebKÙe
efpemekeâe keâesF& Iej ve nes Deefvekesâle meew keâjesÌ[ keâer mebKÙee Dejye
efpeme hej Dee›eâceCe ve efkeâÙee ieÙee nes Devee›eâevle pees Fme ueeskeâ keâe ve nes Deueewefkeâkeâ
pees efveÙeceevegketâue ve nes DeefveÙeefcele keâce peeveves Jeeuee Deuhe%e
efpeme hej keâesF& jeskeâ-šeskeâ ve nes DeefveÙeefv$ele keâce yeesueves Jeeuee DeuheYee<eer/efceleYee<eer
ØelÙeskeâ heoeLe& keâes #eefCekeâ Deewj veMJej ceeveves Jeeuee DeefvelÙeJeeoer DeJeMÙe nesves Jeeuee DeJeMÙecYeeJeer
efmeæevle efyevee Jesleve keâe DeJewleefvekeâ
efpemekeâe peJeeye ve efoÙee ieÙee nes DeefvemleerCe&
pees Meeskeâ keâjves kesâ ÙeesiÙe ve nes DeMeesÛÙe
pees JeÛeve Ùee JeeCeer mes ve keâne pee mekesâ DeefveJe&ÛeveerÙe
Skeâ-Skeâ De#ej lekeâ De#ejMe:
pees ®keâe ngDee ve nes Deefve®æ
efpemekeâe DevÙe GheeÙe ve nes DevevÙeesheeÙe pees mebefJeOeeve kesâ Devegketâue ve nes DemebJewOeeefvekeâ
efpeme yeÛÛes kesâ ceeB-yeehe ve neW DeveeLe pees yejeyej ve nes Demece
efpemes yegueeÙee ve ieÙee nes Deveentle efpemes peevee ve pee mekesâ De%esÙe
efyevee heuekeâ efiejeS Deefveces<e pees kegâÚ ve peevelee nes De%e
efpemekeâe efveJeejCe ve efkeâÙee pee mekesâ DeefveJeeÙe& pees m$eer metÙe& Yeer veneR osKe heeleer DemetÙe&heMÙee
efpemekeâer meceevelee ve Øekeâš keâer pee mekesâ Deveghece DenbkeâejhetJe&keâ Deheves keâes meyemes yeÌ{keâj mecePevee DenbcevÙelee
efpemekeâe DevegYeJe efkeâÙee ieÙee nes DevegYetle efpemeceW ØeefleYee keâe DeYeeJe nes DeØeefleYee
hejcheje mes Ûeueer DeeF& ngF& yeele Ùee keâLee Devegßegefle efpemekeâe peJeeye ve efoÙee ieÙee nes DeefvemleerCe&
efpeme hej Deveg«en efkeâÙee ieÙee nes Devegie=nerle (Dee)
pees DevegkeâjCe ÙeesiÙe nes DevegkeâjCeerÙe
pees veÙee ve nes Devetleve DeÛeevekeâ nesves Jeeuee Deekeâefmcekeâ
efkeâmeer heg®<e mes Øesce keâjves Jeeueer DeefJeJeeefnle m$eer DevetÌ{e YeieJeeve kesâ menejs DeefveefMÛele DeeÙe DeekeâeMeJe=efòe
pees efkeâmeer Jemleg Ùee JÙeefkeäle kesâ Øeefle Deemekeäle nes Devegjkeäle efpeme hej Dee›eâceCe nes Dee›eâevle
efpemekeâe ceve otmejer Deesj nes DevÙecevemkeâ Jen veeefÙekeâe efpemekeâe heefle hejosMe mes ueewše nes Deeieleheeflekeâe
efpemes heÌ{e ve pee mekesâ Dehe"veerÙe pees FOej-GOej mes Ietcelee-efHeâjlee Dee peeS Deeievlegkeâ
efpemes heÌ{e ve ieÙee nes Deheef"le pees metBIeves ÙeesiÙe nes DeeIeÇsÙe
efpemekesâ HeâuemJe™he Deheceeve neslee nes Deheceevepevekeâ pees Deheves DeeÛejCe mes heefJe$e nw DeeÛeejhetle
oeshenj kesâ yeeo keâe meceÙe DehejeÖ otmejeW kesâ megKe kesâ efueS DeelcemegKe keâes lÙeeievee Deelceeslmeie&
osJeueeskeâ Ùee Fvõhegjer keâer vele&keâer Dehmeje Deheves ØeeCe Deheves Deehe uesves Jeeuee DeelceIeeleer/Deelcenvlee
pees {er" ve nes DeØeieuYe Jen m$eer efpemekeâe heefle Deeves Jeeuee nes DeeieefcemÙelheeflekeâe
efyeieÌ[e ngDee Meyo DeheYeübMe mJeÙeb hej DeefYeceeve keâjvee DeelceeefYeceeve
efpemekeâe efJeJeen ve ngDee nes DeheefjCeerle DelÙeeÛeej keâjves Jeeuee DeeleleeÙeer
efpemekeâer veehe-leewue ve nes mekesâ DeheefjcesÙe DeefleefLe keâer mesJee keâjves Jeeuee DeeefleLesÙeer
meeOeejCe Ùee JÙeehekeâ efveÙece kesâ efJe®æ JemlegSB DeheJeeo DeefleefLe keâer mesJee DeeefleLÙe
efpemekesâ efyevee keâece ve Ûeue mekesâ DeheefjneÙe& pees pevce uesles ner efiej Ùee cej ieÙee nes DeeoC[heele
efpemekeâer DeeMee ve keâer pee mekeâleer nes DeØelÙeeefMele DeeoMe&cetuekeâ YeeJevee keâes ØeßeÙe osves Jeeuee cele DeeoMe&Jeeo
efkeâmeer cele keâe meJe&ØeLece ØeJele&ve keâjves Jeeuee Deeefo ØeJele&keâ
efpemes hejeefpele ve efkeâÙee pee mekesâ DehejepesÙe
Deeefo mes Devle lekeâ DeeÅeevle
pees henues ve jne nes DehetJe&
osJelee DeLeJee Yetleeefo kesâ Éeje nesves Jeeuee og:Ke DeeefOeowefJekeâ
efpemekesâ šgkeâÌ[s ve nes mekeWâ DeKeC[veerÙe
peerJeeW Ùee MejerjOeeefjÙeeW kesâ Éeje Øeehle og:Ke DeeefOeYeeweflekeâ
pees ØeceeCe mes efmeæ ve nes mekesâ DeØecesÙe veJeerve yeveeves keâer ef›eâÙee DeeOegefvekeâerkeâjCe
pees keâheÌ[e ve henvee ieÙee nes DeØenle Deelcee mes mecyevOe jKeves Jeeuee DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ
pees ØeceeCe osves ÙeesiÙe ve nes DeØeceeCÙe efpemekeâe Denbkeâej Ûetj nes ieÙee nes DeevleieJe&
pees mecePee ve pee mekesâ DeyeesOe hejcheje mes megvee ngDee DeevegßeeefJekeâ
efpeme hej cele os efoÙee ieÙee nes DeefYecele pees efkeâmeer JebMe ceW yejeyej neslee DeeÙee nes DeevegJebefMekeâ
pees henues ve Ieefšle ngDee nes DeYetlehetJe& efpemekeâer mecemle keâeceveeSB hetjer nes ieF& neW Deehlekeâece
pees Yesoe ve pee mekesâ DeYesÅe efmej mes hewj lekeâ Deeheeocemlekeâ
ve cejves Jeeuee Decej Ssmee JeÇle pees cejves hej ner meceehle nes DeecejCeJeÇle
efpemes ceejvee GefÛele ve nes DeJeOÙe peÌ[ mes Ûeesšer lekeâ DeecetueÛetue
pees yeeBše ve ieÙee nes DeefJeYekeäle osMe ceW efJeosMe mes ceeue Deeves keâer ef›eâÙee DeeÙeele
mechetCe& ue#Ùe hej ue#eCe keâe Ieefšle ve nesvee DeJÙeeefhle ®heÙes-hewmes mes mecyevOe jKeves Jeeuee Deee|Lekeâ

DeeueesÛevee keâjves Jeeuee DeeueesÛekeâ (keâ/Ke)
pevce uesvee Deewj cejvee DeeJeeieceve
F&MJej, Oece&«evLe Deeefo ceW efJeMJeeme keâjves Jeeuee Deeefmlekeâ Jen keâLee pees peve meeOeejCe ceW ØeÛeefuele nes efkeâbJeovleer
Jen keâefJe pees lel#eCe keâefJelee keâj mekesâ DeeMegkeâefJe keâeBšeW Ùee yeeOeeDeeW mes Yeje ngDee kebâškeâekeâerCe&
DeeMee mes hejs DeeMeeleerle pees keâne ieÙee nw keâefLele
pees DeeMee keâjlee nes DeeMeeJeeoer pees Hetâue DeYeer efKeuee ve nes keâueer
efueKeves keâer Jen keâuee pees yeesueves kesâ meeLe ner (leerJeÇieefle mes) DeeMegefueefhe keâce& keâjves Jeeuee keâce&"
efueKeer peeleer nw
efpemes Ùen ve metPe heÌ[s efkeâ Deye keäÙee keâjvee ÛeeefnS Deewj eEkeâkeâòe&JÙeefJecetÌ{
(F/F&) keäÙee veneR keâjvee ÛeeefnS
Fefleneme keâes peeveves Jeeuee Fefleneme%e; FeflenemeJesòee efpemekeâer Glheefòe mJeYeeJeiele ve nes ke=âef$ece
Fvõ keâes peerleves Jeeuee Fvõpeerle efpeme ueÌ[keâer keâe efJeJeen ve ngDee nes kegâceejer
FefvõÙeeW keâes JeMe ceW jKeves Jeeuee FefvõÙepeerle leer#Ce yegefæ Jeeuee JÙeefkeäle kegâMee«eyegefæ
efpemekeâer Deekeâeb#ee nes F<š heo, JeÙe Deeefo kesâ efJeÛeejeW mes DevÙe keâer Dehes#ee Úesše keâefve<"
kesâJeue Fmeer ueeskeâ mes mecyeefvOele Fnueewefkeâkeâ
pees DeÛÚs kegâue ceW Glhevve ngDee nes kegâueerve
pees FefvõÙeeW keâer hengBÛe mes yeenj nes FefvõÙeeleerle
efpeme Jemleg keâes Ûeene ieÙee nes F&efhmele efpemes yeenjer peieled keâe %eeve ve nes ketâheceC[tkeâ
pees otmejeW mes F&<Ùee& keâjlee nes F&<Ùee&ueg Denmeeve ceeveves Jeeuee ke=âle%e
hetjye Deewj Gòej kesâ yeerÛe keâer efoMee F&Meeve Denmeeve ve ceeveves Jeeuee ke=âleIve
(S/Ss) efkeâmeer keâer ke=âhee mes hejce mevleg<š ke=âleeLe&
pees Deheves keâece mes peer Ûegjelee nw keâeceÛeesj
kesâJeue Skeâ DeeBKe Jeeuee Skeâe#e
efpeme hej efkeâmeer Skeâ keâe ner DeefOekeâej nes SkeâeefOekeâej kesâvõ mes otj peeves keâer ØeJe=efòe jKeves Jeeuee kesâvõehemeejer
JÙeefkeäle keâer FÛÚe hej efveYe&j SsefÛÚkeâ kessâvõ keâer Deesj GvcegKe nesves Jeeuee kesâvõeefYecegKe
FefvõÙeeW keâes Yeüefcele keâjves Jeeuee Ssvõpeeefuekeâ pees heehe-hegCÙe mes jefnle nes kesâJeueelcee
FefvõÙeeW mes mecyeefvOele SsefvõÙe megvoj yeÌ[s yeeueeW Jeeueer m$eer kesâefMeveer
Fme ueeskeâ mes mecyeefvOele Ssefnkeâ efkeâmeer Jemleg Ùee yeele kesâ efJe<eÙe ceW peeveves keâer Øeyeue FÛÚe keâewletnue/efpe%eemee
(G/T, Deew) keâ<š menve keâjves Jeeuee keâ<š-meefn<Ceg
metjpe kesâ efvekeâueves mes hetJe& keâe keâeue G<eekeâeue DeBOesjer jeleeW Jeeuee heKeJeeje ke=â<Cehe#e
efpemeves $e+Ce Ûegkeâe efoÙee nes G$e+Ce metÙe& Ùee Ûevõ kesâ mecemle ceC[ue mes {keâ peeves Jeeuee «enCe Ke«eeme
meyemes TBÛee GÛÛelece Keeves ÙeesiÙe heoeLe& KeeÅe
Thej mes veerÛes ueevee Gleejvee/DeJejesnCe
DeekeâeMe ceW Ûeueves Jeeuee KesÛej/veYeÛej
pees heeme nes ieÙee nes GòeerCe&
Úeleer kesâ yeue Ûeueves Jeeuee Gokeâ (mehe&) (ie/Ie)
efpemekeâer Je=efòe Goej nes GoejÛeslee yengle iehhes neBkeâves Jeeuee ieheesefÌ[Ùee
Thej keâne ieÙee Ghejeskeäle/GheÙeg&keäle pees MeerIeÇ ve heÛes ieefj<"
heJe&le kesâ heeme keâer Yetefce GhelÙekeâe ieefCele keâe %eelee ieefCele%e
efpemekeâe Ghekeâej efkeâÙee ieÙee nes Gheke=âle Jen veeškeâ efpemeceW ieerle DeefOekeâ neW ieerle™hekeâ
metÙe& efpeme mLeeve mes efvekeâuelee nw GoÙeeÛeue ieeBJe ceW jnves Jeeuee «eeceerCe
efpemekesâ oeBle ve pevces neW Govle pees efÚheeves kesâ ÙeesiÙe nes ieesheveerÙe
efpemekesâ efJe<eÙe ceW efueKevee DeeJeMÙekeâ nes GuuesKeveerÙe
ieeÙeeW kesâ jnves keâe mLeeve ieewMeeuee/iees<"
efpeme Yetefce ceW yengle Devve hewoe neslee nes GJe&je
Thej keâer Deesj peeves Jeeuee hejchejeDeeW (™efÌ{ÙeeW) kesâ Devegmeej Ûeueves Jeeuee ieleevegieeflekeâe/™efÌ{Jeeoer
TOJe&ieeceer
TBÛes mJej mes GÛÛeejCe efkeâÙee ieÙee TOJeexÛÛeeefjle jele Deewj mebOÙee kesâ yeerÛe keâer yesuee ieesOetefue
efpeme Yetefce ceW kegâÚ ve hewoe neslee nes Tmej neLeer keâe yeÛÛee iepeMeeJekeâ/keâueYe
efJeJeeefnle m$eer mes Glhevve heg$e Deewjme Ie=Cee keâjves ÙeesiÙe Ie=Ceemheo
pees kesâJeue keânves megveves kesâ efueS nes DeewheÛeeefjkeâ efpemekeâer Iees<eCee keâer ieF& nes Ieesef<ele
{hÝXr 105

(Ûe/Ú) yele&ve yeveeves Jeeuee ""sje
Ûevõ nw ÛetÌ[e hej efpemekesâ ÛevõÛetÌ[ ([/{)
pees Ûe›eâ OeejCe keâjlee nw Ûe›eâOej [ekeâe [eueves Jeeuee [kewâle
mechetCe& he=LJeer kesâ jepee Ûe›eâJeleea [C[er ceejves Jeeuee [C[erceej
Ûeej ceemeeW keâe mecetn Ûeewceemee
DeefOekeâ [jves Jeeuee [jheeskeâ
Ûeej hewjeW Jeeuee Ûeleg<heo
efpemekesâ neLe ceW Ûe›eâ megoMe&ve nw Ûe›eâheeefCe mLeue leLee peue kesâ yeÌ[s KeC[eW keâes peue[ce™ceOÙe
efceueeves Jeeuee meBkeâje Ùee heleuee mLeeve
Jen keâeJÙe efpemeceW heÅe SJeb ieÅe efceefßele nes Ûechet
Ssmee Jem$e pees hegjevee SJeb Heâše ngDee nes efÛejkegâš ef{b{esje heeršves Jeeuee ef{b{esefjÙee
pees ÛeÛee& keâe efJe<eÙe nes Ûee|Ûele {ueeve Jeeuee mLeeve {eue
mJeeLe&JeMe efkeâmeer keâe iegCeieeve keâjves Jeeuee/Ûeeheuetmeer Ûeešgkeâej {eWie keâjves Jeeuee {eWieer
keâjves Jeeuee {esuekeâ yepeeves Jeeuee {esueefkeâÙee
efpemekeâer Ûeej YegpeeSB neW ÛelegYeg&pe {eueves keâe keâece {ueeF&
efkeâmeer Jemleg keâe ÛeewLee Yeeie ÛelegLeeËMe
efkeâmeer keâes meeJeOeeve keâjves kesâ efueS keâner peeves ÛesleeJeveer (le/Le)
Jeeueer yeele lewjves, lejves Ùee heej nesves keâer FÛÚe efleleer<ee&
cenerves kesâ efkeâmeer he#e keâer ÛeewLeer efleefLe ÛelegLeea/ÛeewLe Deheves keâece ceW efve<"e mes ueiee ngDee lelhej
DeefOekeâ efoveeW lekeâ peerves Jeeuee efÛejbpeerJeer iegšeW mes Deueie jnves Jeeuee lešmLe
yengle efoveeW lekeâ jnves Jeeuee efÛejmLeeÙeer leòJe peeveves Jeeuee leòJeefJeod
pees nj meceÙe otmejeW keâer yegjeFÙeeB Keespeles nQ efÚõevJes<eer lÙeeie keâjves ÙeesiÙe lÙeepÙe
mesvee kesâ "njves keâe mLeeve ÚeJeveer Leeves keâe ØeOeeve DeefOekeâejer Leevesoej
DeÛeevekeâ efkeâÙee peeves Jeeuee nceuee Úehee ÛeewheeÙeeW keâes yeeBOeves keâe mLeeve Leeve
efkeâmeer keâes oes<eejesheCe keâjkesâ ÚsÌ[vee ÚeRšekeâMeer hegefueme keâer yeÌ[er Ûeewkeâer Leevee
(pe/Pe) peceer ngF& ieeÌ{er Ûeerpe keâer ceesšer len Lekeäkeâe
efpemekeâer FefvõÙeeB JeMe ceW neW efpelesefvõÙe (o/Oe)
hesš keâer Deefive pe"jeefive mJeeceer kesâ mvesn mes jefnle m$eer ogYe&iee
peue ceW jnves Jeeues pevleg peueÛej efpemekeâes hekeâÌ[ves ceW efokeäkeâleeW keâe meecevee keâjvee heÌ[s ogjefYe«en
peue ceW pevce uesves Jeeuee/peue ceW hewoe nesves Jeeuee peuepe DevegefÛele yeeleeW kesâ efueS Dee«en ogje«en
pes" keâe heg$e pes"ewle efkeâmeer keâece keâes efÛeòe ueieekeâj keâjves Jeeuee oòeefÛeòe
peeveves keâer FÛÚe Jeeuee efpe%eemeg pees oes yeej pevce ueslee nes efÉpe
peerleves keâer FÛÚe efpeieer<eg efpemes keâef"velee mes OeejCe efkeâÙee pee mekesâ ogJe&n
peerves keâer FÛÚe efpepeerefJe<ee efpemekeâe oceve keâjvee keâef"ve nes ogo&cÙe
pevce mes meew Je<e& keâe meceÙe pevceMeleer Jen JÙeefkeäle pees Deheves $e+CeeW keâes Ûegkeâlee keâjves ceW DemeceLe& efoJeeefueÙee
nes ieÙee nes
pees Ùeeve peue ceW Ûeuelee nes peueÙeeve
m$eer Deewj heg®<e keâe peesÌ[e ocheefle
peesleves keâe keâece pegleeF&
ieeso efueÙee ngDee heg$e oòekeâ
peeve mes ceejves keâer FÛÚe efpeIeebmee
efpemes oyeeÙee Ùee meleeÙee ieÙee nes oefuele
efyeKejs ngS yeÌ[s-yeÌ[s yeeueeW Jeeuee Peyeje pebieue keâer Deeie oeJeeveue
Jen keâheÌ[e efpememes keâesF& Ûeerpe PeeÌ[er peeS PeeÌ[ve mebkeâerCe& (mebkegâefÛele) efJeÛeejeW Jeeuee JÙeefkeäle oefkeâÙeevetmeer
PeeR-PeeR keâer lespe DeeJeepe keâjves Jeeue keâerÌ[e PeeRiegj peneB peevee keâef"ve nes ogie&ce
Pet" yeesueves Jeeuee Pet"e efpemes keâjvee keâef"ve nes og<keâj
(š/") yengle otj keâer yeele meesÛeves Jeeuee/osKeves Jeeuee otjoMeea
Jen jesie efpemeceW metÙe& keâer lespe efkeâjCeeW kesâ keâejCe efove ceW efoveeQOeer
efmekeäkeâeW keâer {ueeF& keâe mLeeve škeâmeeue yengle keâce efoKeeF& oslee nes~
JemlegSB Øeoeve keâjves keâer jmce šerkeâe Ùeeef$eÙeeW kesâ "njves kesâ efueS Oecee&Le& yevee ngDee Iej Oece&Meeuee
DeefOekeâ osj lekeâ Ûeueves Jeeuee efškeâeT OeejCe keâjves Jeeuee Oeejkeâ
Úesšs keâo Jeeuee ef"ievee Oece& ceW DeemLee jKeves Jeeuee Oecee&lcee

ceÚueer hekeâÌ[ves/yesÛeves Jeeueer peeefle OeerJej Gòej heeves hej efoÙee ngDee Gòej ØelÙegòej
yengle ØeÛeC[, ÛebÛeue Deewj Deheves iegCeeW keâe Deheves Deehe JeCe&ve Oeerjesæle pees otmejeW kesâ DeOeerve nes hejeOeerve
keâjves Jeeuee veeÙekeâ pees DeeBKeeW kesâ meeceves nes ØelÙe#e
(ve) pees DeeBKe kesâ meeceves ve nes hejes#e
meeceevÙe efJeÛeej-efJeceMe& hejeceMe&
pees cecelJe mes jefnle nes efvece&ce efpemekesâ heej osKee pee mekesâ heejoMeea
efpeme hej keâesF& keâuebkeâ ve ueiee nes efve<keâäuebkeâ efpemekeâe keâejCe he=LJeer nw Ùee pees he=LJeer mes mecyeæ nw heee|LeJe
Ûevõceeme kesâ efkeâmeer he#e keâer veewJeeR efleefLe veJeceer pees Øeefleketâue he#e keâe nw Øeeflehe#eer
neue keâer yÙeener m$eer veJeesÌ{e oes<e Ùee heehe efceševes kesâ efueS Meem$eevegketâue keâce& Ùee ke=âlÙe ØeeÙeefMÛele
efveMee (jeef$e) ceW efJeÛejCe keâjves Jeeuee efveMeeÛej heeves keâer FÛÚe Jeeuee efheheemeg
efpemeceW lespe ve nes efvemlespe kegâòes keâe yeÛÛee efheuuee
neue ner ceW Glhevve ngDee yeeuekeâ veJepeele pees yeele yeej-yeej keâner peeS hegve®efkeäle
efpemes efkeâmeer yeele keâer mhe=ne (Deekeâeb#ee) ve nes efve:mhe=n Ghekeâej kesâ yeoues efkeâÙee ieÙee Ghekeâej ØelÙeghekeâej
peneB efkeâmeer yeele keâe [j Ùee Keleje ve nes efvejeheo oeshenj mes henues keâe meceÙe hetJee&Ö
efkeâmeer Deeoceer kesâ efveOeve keâer Jeee|<ekeâ efleefLe hegCÙeefleefLe
pees ve<š nesves Jeeuee nes veMJej
ØekeâeMe ceW ueeves ÙeesiÙe ØekeâeMÙe
pees F&MJej hej efJeMJeeme ve keâjlee nes veeefmlekeâ pees keâneR peekeâj ueewš DeeÙee nes ØelÙeeiele
leLÙeeW kesâ DeeOeej hej oes<eejesheCe efvevoe Jen keâLeve efpemekeâe Gòej osvee heÌ[s Øensefuekeâe (hensueer)
efpemekesâ ceve ceW YeÙe ve nes efveYeeakeâ efkeâS ngS heefjßece kesâ yeoues efceueves Jeeuee Oeve heeefjßeefcekeâ
efpemekeâe keâesF& Deekeâej ve nes efvejekeâej
veKe mes efMeKee lekeâ kesâ meye Debie veKeefMeKe
(Heâ, ye)
ceebme ve Keeves Jeeuee efvejeefce<e Heâue keâer Deekeâeb#ee Jeeuee Heâueemekeäle
pees De#ej Yeer ve peevelee nes efvej#ej kesâJeue Heâue Keekeâj peerJeve JÙeleerle keâjves Jeeuee Heâueenejer
efpemekesâ ùoÙe ceW oÙee ve nes efveo&Ùe DeeÙe mes DeefOekeâ JÙeLe& KeÛe& keâjves Jeeuee efheâpetueKeÛeea
efyevee heuekeâ PehekeâeS efvee|veces<e Ietce-efheâjkeâj meewoe yesÛeves Jeeuee hesâjerJeeuee
efpeme keâeiepe hej ceeveefÛe$e, efJeJejCe Ùee keâes<"keâ heâuekeâ
pees efvevoe kesâ ÙeesiÙe nes efvevoveerÙe Debefkeâle nes
efpemekeâe keâesF& DeeOeej ve nes efvejeOeej yeÇÿecegntle&
jeef$e kesâ Ûeej yepes keâe meceÙe
pees keâecevee jefnle nes efve<keâece yengle-mes ueesieeW keâer efceuekeâj Skeâ jeÙe yengcele
pees Gòej ve os mekesâ efve®òej DelÙeefOekeâ cetuÙeJeeve Jemleg yengcetuÙe
jbiecebÛe kesâ heerÚs keâe mLeeve vesheLÙe yengle-meer Yee<eeDeeW keâes peeveves Jeeuee yengYee<eeefJeod
pees osMe mes efvekeâeuee ieÙee nes efveJee&efmele pees yeeuekeâeW kesâ efueS GheÙeesieer nes yeeueesheÙeesieer
efpemes keâesF& Yeüce Ùee mevosn ve nes efveYeüe&vle efpemekeâer peerefJekeâe yegefæ kesâ ceeOÙece mes Ûeueleer nes yegefæpeerJeer
pees vÙeeÙe peevelee nes vewÙeeefÙekeâ (Ye/ce)
(he) efkeâmeer ietÌ{ efJe<eÙe keâer Je=nle šerkeâe Yee<Ùe
heMeg kesâ {bie keâe heeefMJekeâ štšs-Hetâšs heoeLe& kesâ yeÛes šgkeâÌ[s YeiveeJeMes<e
hetCe& ™he mes Hetâuee, hekeâe Ùee heÛee ngDee heefjhekeäJe YeÙe Glhevve keâjves Jeeuee YeÙeevekeâ
Jele&ceeve mes hetJe& keâe YetlehetJe&
Jen pees ØeeLe&vee keâjlee nw ØeeLeea
Yetieesue mes mecyevOe jKeves Jeeuee Yeewieesefuekeâ
efpemekeâer ØeleeÌ[vee keâer ieF& nes ØeleeefÌ[le efkeâmeer yeele keâe ietÌ{ jnmÙe peeveves Jeeuee cece&%e
ØeMve kesâ ™he ceW hetÚs peeves ÙeesiÙe Øe<šJÙe efkeâmeer efJe<eÙe keâe iecYeerj ceveve Deewj efJeÛeej keâjves Jeeuee ceerceebmekeâ
Fefleneme kesâ hetJe& keâeue mes mecyeefvOele Øeeiewefleneefmekeâ ceve kesâ ceefueve nesves keâer efmLeefle Ùee YeeJe ceveesceeefuevÙe
DeiegDee yevekeâj ceeie& efoKeeves Jeeuee heLe-ØeoMe&keâ ceve kesâ ogye&ue nesves keâer efmLeefle Ùee YeeJe ceveesoewye&uÙe
hejueeskeâ mes mecyeefvOele heejueewefkeâkeâ Jen oeveer pees Kegues neLe oeve keâjs cegkeälenmle
ce=lÙeg keâer FÛÚe cegcet<ee&
Ssmeer yegefæ Jeeuee pees efkeâmeer yeele keâe nue legjvle ØelÙeglhevveceefle ceOegj yeesueves Jeeuee ce=ogYee<eer
efvekeâeue mekesâ/efpemes legjvle Gòej metPe peeS
cele kesâ Devegmeej Ûeueves Jeeuee celeevegÙeeÙeer
Ssmee uesKe DeLeJee keâneefveÙeeB pees nemÙejme mes hetCe& neW Øenmeve Pet" yeesueves Jeeuee efceLÙeeJeeoer/efceLÙeeYee<eer
Skeâ yeej keâner yeele keâes ognjeles jnvee efhe<šhes<eCe pees Hetâue DeeOee efKeuee nes cegkegâue
Jen YeeJevee efpemeceW Øeeflekeâej keâer ievOe nes ØeefleefÛekeâer<ee& ceÚueer kesâ meceeve efpemekeâer DeeBKeW neW ceervee#eer
{hÝXr 107

efnjCe keâer DeeBKe kesâ meceeve DeeBKeeW Jeeueer ce=ieveÙeveer pees Deheves Oece& kesâ efJehejerle DeeÛejCe keâjlee nes efJeOeceea
LeesÌ[e Deewj vehee-leguee Yeespeve keâjves Jeeuee efceleenejer yeesueves keâer FÛÚe efJeJee#ee
efpemekesâ ùoÙe keâes Ûeesš hengBÛeer nes cecee&nle pees JÙeekeâjCe keâe %eelee nes JewÙeekeâjCe
Jen JÙeefkeäle pees ceekeäme& keâer efJeÛeejOeeje keâes ceevelee nes ceekeäme&Jeeoer pees yengle Deewj JÙeLe& yeesuelee nes JeeÛeeue
(Ùe/j/ue) DevegefÛele Ùeewve mecyevOe jKeves Jeeuee JÙeefYeÛeejer
Deheves Ùegie keâe yengle yeÌ[e JÙeefkeäle Ùegieheg®<e meewlesueer ceeB efJeceelee
ueÌ[eF& ueÌ[ves keâes Glmegkeâ Ùee Ùegæ keâer FÛÚe jKeves Jeeuee ÙegÙeglmeg efJeheefòe Glhevve keâjves Jeeuee efJeheefòepevekeâ
Ùegæ keâjves keâer FÛÚe ÙegÙeglmee pees efJeMJeeme keâjves ÙeesiÙe nes efJeMJemeveerÙe
ÙeMe ner efpemekeâe Oeve nes ÙeMemJeer efpemekeâe efJeÅee mes efJeMes<e Devegjeie nes efJeÅeeJÙemeveer
Ùev$e mes mecyeefvOele Ùeeefv$ekeâ (Me/me)
peneB lekeâ mecYeJe nes ÙeLeemecYeJe
efMeJe keâer Gheemevee keâjves Jeeuee MewJe
Meefkeäle kesâ Devegmeej ÙeLeeMeefkeäle
efpemes Meem$eeW keâer DeÛÚer peevekeâejer nes Meem$e%e
pees keâesF& Jemleg Ùee efYe#ee ceeBielee nes ÙeeÛekeâ
Meefkeäle keâer DeejeOevee keâjves Jeeuee Meekeäle
efpememes jeWiešs KeÌ[s nes peeSB jesceebefÛele
lejkeâejer Deewj HeâueeW keâe Yeespeve keâjves Jeeuee Meekeâenejer
Jen keâeJÙe efpemekeâe DeefYeveÙe nes mekesâ ™hekeâ
MejCe ceW DeeÙee ngDee MejCeeiele
Ketve mes jBiee ngDee Ùee ueLe-heLe jkeäle-jbefpele
Jen jesie efpemeceW jele keâes efoKeeF& veneR oslee jleeQOeer Me$eg keâe nveve keâjves Jeeuee Me$egIve
je<š^ keâe ØeOeeve je<š^heefle pees MejCe keâe FÛÚgkeâ nes MejCeeLeea
heÛÛeerme Je<e& hetjs keâjves kesâ Gheue#Ùe ceW nesves Jeeuee jpele peÙebleer meowJe jnves Jeeuee MeeMJele
Jen JÙeefkeäle pees ueesns keâes heerškeâj Dehevee iegpeeje keâjlee nw ueesnej meeJeOeeve jnves Jeeuee JÙeefkeäle meleke&â
Jen JÙeefkeäle pees uekeâefÌ[ÙeeB keâeškeâj Dehevee jespeieej uekeâÌ[neje yeeSB neLe mes keâeÙe& keâjves Jeeuee meJÙemeeÛeer
keâjlee nw Ûeesjer kesâ efueS cekeâeve keâer oerJeej ceW efkeâÙee ieÙee yeÌ[e-mee Úso meWOe
uecyes Ùee ceesšs Goj (hesš) Jeeuee uecyeesoj Deheves ner heefle keâer Devegjeefieveer m$eer mJekeâerÙee
uegYeeÙee Ùee ueueÛeeÙee ngDee uegyOe
pees Deheves Deehe Glhevve ngDee nes mJeÙebYet
pees Yetefce keâe uesKee-peesKee jKelee nes uesKeheeue
FÛÚevegmeej Dehevee heefle Ûegveves Jeeueer keâvÙee mJeÙebJeje
pees ueeskeâ Ùee mebmeej ceW ve nes ueeskeâesòej
Deueie- Deueie DeJeÙeJeeW keâes Skeâ ceW peesÌ[vee mebMues<eCe
pevemeeOeejCe kesâ ieerle ueeskeâieerle
pees mhe° efkeâÙee ngDee nes mhe°erke=âle
(Je) Jen JÙeefkeäle efpemekesâ efmeæevle neW efmeæevleJeeoer
keâvÙee keâe efJeJeen keâj osves keâe JeÛeve osves keâer jmce Jeeioeve efpemekeâes Skeâ mLeeve mes otmejs hej ve ues peeÙee pee mekesâ mLeeJej
efpememes efnueesjW hewoe keâer pee mekeWâ efJeueesÌ[veerÙe
pees m$eer kesâ JeMeerYetle Ùee Gmekesâ mJeYeeJe keâe nes m$ewCe
efpemes peerle efueÙee ieÙee nes efJeefpele
Jes JemlegSB pees Skeâ Øeke=âefle keâer neW mepeeleerÙe
pees efkeâmeer efJekeâej mes «emle nes efJeke=âle
Yeues-yegjs keâer henÛeeve keâe %eeve efJeJeskeâ Útle Ùee mebmeie& mes Hewâueves Jeeuee jesie meb›eâecekeâ
pees helveer keâes Deheves meeLe ve jKes nes efJehelveerkeâ pees heÌ{vee-efueKevee peevelee nes mee#ej
efpemekeâe JeCe&ve ve nes mekesâ JeCe&veeleerle pees Deemeeveer mes heÛelee nes megheeÛÙe
pees otmejs keâes JeeCeer mes osves keâes keân Ûegkeâe nes Jeeioòe mJelev$elee Øeeefhle kesâ yeeo mJeelev$Ùeesòej
efpemekesâ neLe ceW Je»e nes Je»eheeefCe efpemes mejuelee mes heÌ{e pee mekesâ meghee"dÙe
yeeuÙeeJemLee Deewj ÙegJeeJemLee kesâ yeerÛe keâe meceÙe JeÙe:meefvOe peneB Deveskeâ veefoÙeeW keâe efceueve nes mebiece
pees keâesF& Jemleg Jenve keâjlee nw Jeenkeâ
pees mcejCe keâjves ÙeesiÙe nes mcejCeerÙe/mcele&JÙe
pees DeÛÚe yeesuelee nw Jeeiceer
ØeeCeeW hej mebkeâš ueeves Jeeuee meebIeeeflekeâ
pees efJe<eÙe efJeÛeej ceW Dee mekeâlee nw efJeÛeejiecÙe
efyepeueer keâer lejn leer›e Jesie Jeeuee efJeÅegleJesie meÌ[er ngF& Jemleg keâer iebOe meÌ[eBOe
efkeâmeer efJe<eÙe keâes efJeMes<e ¤he mes peeveves Jeeuee efJeMes<e%e peneB cegheäle ceW Keevee yeBšlee nes meoeJele&
Jesleve hej keâece keâjves Jeeuee Jewleefvekeâ Skeâ ner peeefle keâe mepeeleerÙe
pees JeÛeve mes hejs nes JeÛeveeleerle kegâÚ Keeme MeleeX Éeje keâesF& keâeÙe& keâjeves keâe mecePeewlee mebefJeoe
pees cegkeâocee oeÙej keâjlee nw Jeeoer/cegodoF& meye kegâÚ Keeves Jeeuee meJe&Ye#eer

efpemekeâe DeeÛeej DeÛÚe nes meoeÛeejer efkeâmeer Jemleg keâes otmejs kesâ neLeeW osvee nmleevleefjle
ve yengle Meerle ve yengle G<Ce meceMeerlees<Ce neLe keâer keâejeriejer nmlekeâewMeue
otmejeW kesâ mLeeve hej keâece keâjves Jeeuee mLeeveehevve YeueeF& keâer FÛÚe jKeves Jeeuee efnlew<eer
meyemes mecyevOe jKeves Jeeuee meeJe&peefvekeâ (#e/$e/%e)
pees meejer he=LJeer mes mecyeefvOele nes meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ
efpemekeâe neLe yengle les]pe Ûeuelee nes ef#eØenmle
eEmen keâe yeÛÛee eEmenMeeJekeâ efpemekeâe kegâÚ #eCeeW ceW ner veeMe nes peeS #eCeYebiegj
mesvee keâe mebÛeeuekeâ mesveeheefle pees #ecee heeves ÙeesiÙe nes #ecÙe
hemeerves mes Ùegkeäle mJesefole #ecee keâjves Jeeuee JÙeefkeäle #eceeMeerue
Dehevee ØeÙeespeve efmeæ keâjves Jeeuee mJeeLeea YetKe mes JÙeekegâue #egOeelegj
Deheves Yejesmes jnves Jeeuee mJeeJeuecyeer Úgškeâeje efoueeves Jeeuee $eelee
leerveeW keâeueeW keâes peeveves Jeeuee ef$ekeâeue%e
(n) pees leerve ceen ceW Skeâ yeej nes $ewceeefmekeâ
efpemes osKe-megvekeâj ùoÙe Heâšlee nes ùoÙeefJeoejkeâ %eeve Øeoeve keâjves Jeeuee %eeveoe
efkeâmeer JÙeefkeäle Éeje MeheLehe$e kesâ meeLe efueKee ngDee nue]Heâveecee yeleeves keâe keâece %eeheve
vÙeeÙeeueÙe ceW Øemlegle he$e pees peeveves ÙeesiÙe nes %esÙe
neLe keâer ÛelegjeF& nmleueeIeJe pees peevee pee mekesâ %eeleJÙe
Jen meece«eer pees nJeve kesâ efueS nes nefJe Deheves ÙeewJeve keâe %eeve jKeves Jeeues %eele ÙeewJevee
dñVw{ZîR>àíZ
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 1-8) efvecve ØeMveeW ceW efoS ieS JeekeäÙeeW kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo keâe 8. efkeâmeer kesâ Ghekeâej keâer Ghes#ee keâjves Jeeuee
ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ (a) ke=âle%e (b) ke=âleIve (c) DepeeleMe$eg (d) otjoMeea
1. pees henues keâYeer veneR ngDee nes 9. pees nj meceÙe Dehevee celeueye meeOelee nes, Gmes keäÙee keâne peelee nw?
(a) DeodYegle (b) DeØelÙeeefMele (a) mJeejLeer (b) celeueyeer
(c) Deveghece (d) DeYetlehetJe& (c) hejceeLeea (d) mJeeLeea
2. pees meye kegâÚ peevelee nes efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 10-12) efoS ieS ØelÙeskeâ JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo ÛegefveS~
(a) meJe&%e (b) De%e
(c) efJeMes<e%e (d) ke=âle%e 10. mecegõ ceW ueieves Jeeueer Deeie
(a) pe"jeefive (b) Jeveeefive
3. efpemekeâer ieo&ve megvoj nes
(c) oeJeeefive (d) JeÌ[Jeeefive
(a) megoMe&ve (b) megieo&ve
(c) meg«eerJe (d) megieo 11. ceve keâes Deeveefvole keâjves Jeeuee
4. Deheveer nlÙee keâjves Jeeuee (a) efØeÙe (b) ßesÙemed (c) ceveesjbpeve (d) ceesefnle
(a) hejeIeeleer (b) efce$eIeeleer 12. efpemekeâes Øeehle ve efkeâÙee pee mekesâ
(c) meJe&Ieeleer (d) DeelceIeeleer
(a) DeueYÙe (b) ogue&YÙe (c) og<keâj (d) og<ØeehÙe
5. efpemes yegueeÙee ve ieÙee nes
(a) Deveentle (b) Deveyeesuee 13. jekesâMe yengle cesnvele keâjves Jeeuee ueÌ[keâe nw~ jsKeebefkeâle DebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ
(c) DeefleefLe (d) DeYÙeeiele Meyo yeleeFS
(a) heefjßeceer (b) mebIe<e&jle (c) ßeefcekeâ (d) ßeceJeeve
6. pees DeeBKeeW kesâ meeceves ve nes
(a) ØelÙe#e (b) DeØelÙe#e 14. efkeâme JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS efoÙee ngDee Skeâ Meyo mener veneR nw?
(c) Deõ<šJÙe (d) Dehejes#e (a) efpeme m$eer keâes keâesF& mebleeve ve nes — yeeBPe
(b) pees yengle yeesuelee nes — efceleYee<eer
7. pees keâce yeesuelee nes (c) ›eâce kessâ Devegmeej — ÙeLee›eâce
(a) DeuheYee<eer (b) efceleJÙeÙeer (d) pees mcejCe jKeves ÙeesiÙe nw — mcejCeerÙe
(c) ØelÙeglhevveceefle (d) JeeÛeeue
{hÝXr 109
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 15-26) efoS ieS ØelÙeskeâ JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Meyo oerefpeS~ 28. efpemekesâ efmej hej Ûevõcee nes
Fmekesâ efueS Ûeej-Ûeej efJekeâuhe efoS ieS nQ~ GefÛele efJekeâuhe keâe ÛegveeJe keâerefpeS~ (a) ÛevõJeove (b) Ûevõneme (c) ÛevõMesKej (d) efmejceewj
15. lespe Ûeueves Jeeuee 29. HeWâkeâ keâj ÛeueeÙee peeves Jeeuee nefLeÙeej
(a) ieefleMeerue (b) Ûegmle (a) Øeef#ehle (b) Øekeäuesefole (c) Mem$e (d) Dem$e
(c) keâce&" (d) ogÇleieeceer efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 30-34) JeekeäÙeebMeeW kesâ efueS efoS ieS efJekeâuheeW ceW mes ØeÙegkeäle
16. efyevee mJeeLe& kesâ keâeÙe& keâjves Jeeuee Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(a) meneÙekeâ (b) efve:mJeeLeea 30. pees osKeves ceW efØeÙe ueies
(c) hegCÙeelcee (d) efnlew<eer (a) efØeÙeoMeea (b) efØeÙeebMeg (c) efØeÙebJeoe (d) efØeÙemeKeer
17. efkeâmeer keâer meneÙelee keâjves Jeeuee 31. pees Keeves ÙeesiÙe ve nes
(a) menkeâej (b) meneÙekeâ (a) DeKeeÅe (b) heLÙe
(c) meùoÙe (d) menÛej (c) DeheeÛÙe (d) DeueYÙe
18. efpemekeâe efveJeejCe keâjvee keâef"ve nes 32. efJeefMe<š DeJemej hej efJeefMe<š ueesieeW kesâ mece#e efoÙee ieÙee efJeÉòeehetCe&
(a) DeefveJeeÙe& (b) DeheefjneÙe& Yee<eCe
(c) oge|veJeej (d) DeJeMÙecYeeJeer (a) mecYee<eCe (b) DeefYeYee<eCe
19. DeeMee peieeves Jeeuee (c) DeheYee<eCe (d) DevegYee<eCe
(a) DeeMeepevekeâ (b) DeeMeeleerle 33. efpemekesâ heeme Iej ve nes
(c) DeeMeevegiele (d) DeeMeer<e (a) ie=ner (b) Deefvekesâle
20. pees meyekesâ efueS nes (c) DeefYe<eskeâ (d) DeefkebâÛeve
(a) meeJe&peefvekeâ (b) meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ 34. ‘efpemekesâ heeme kegâÚ ve nes’ Gmekesâ efueS GheÙegkeäle Meyo nw
(c) meeJe&keâeefuekeâ (d) meeJe&osefMekeâ (a) DeYeeJe«emle (b) DeeEkeâÛeve
21. heJe&le keâer leuenšer (c) oervenerve (d) ceneoerve
(a) yesefmeve (b) Ieešer efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 35-37) Fve ØeMveeW ceW efoS ieS JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ DeLe& keâes JÙekeäle keâjves
(c) GhelÙekeâe (d) õesCe Jeeuee mener Meyo efoS ieS efJekeâuheeW ceW mes ÛegefveS~
22. kebâpetmeer mes Oeve JÙeÙe keâjves Jeeuee 35. efyevee ØeÙeeme/heefjßece kesâ
(a) ceme=Ce (b) efceleJÙeÙeer (c) DeuheJÙeÙeer (d) ke=âheCe (a) Deekeâefmcekeâ (b) DeØelÙeeefMele
23. ‘Jeerj heg$e keâes pevce osves Jeeueer m$eer’ kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw (c) DeveeÙeeme (d) DeÛeevekeâ
(a) JemegvOeje (b) ceeles
36. peeveves keâer FÛÚe jKeves Jeeuee
(c) JeerjØemet (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR (a) Glmeener (b) efpe%eemeg
……… lelhej efpe%eemee
24. pees meyemes Deeies jnlee nes Gmekeâes keânles nQ~ (c) (d)
(a) De«eCeer (b) Deveeefo (c) DevegkeâjCeerÙe (d) DeJewOe 37. otmejeW keâer yeele menve keâjves Jeeuee
25. JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo mes mecyeefvOele keâewve-mee peesÌ[e ieuele nw? (a) ke=âheeueg (b) meefn<Ceg
(a) efpemekeâe Fueepe keâef"ve nes-og:meeOÙe (c) Goej (d) lešmLe
(b) pees ceveg<Ùelee mes otj nes-Deceevegef<ekeâ
(c) pees keâce KeÛe& keâjves Jeeuee nes-DeheJÙeÙeer
38. ‘MeefkeäleMeeueer, oÙeeueg, Meevle-Oeerj Deewj Ùeesæe veeÙekeâ’ kesâ efueS Skeâ
(d) pees Fefleneme efueKes peeves kesâ Ùegie mes hetJe& keâe nes-Øeeiewefleneefmekeâ Meyo nw
(a) Oeerjueefuele (b) Oeerjesæle
26. efvecveefueefKele JeekeäÙeebMeeW kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo ceW mes keâewve-mee megcesefuele (c) Oeerjesoeòe (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR
veneR nw?
(a) pees JeCe&ve kesâ yeenj nw - JeCe&veeleerle 39. ‘pees ØeceeCe mes efmeæ ve nes mekesâ’ kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw
(b) pees osKee veneR pee mekeâlee - DeÂMÙe (a) DeØeceeefCele (b) DeØecesÙe
(c) pees Deeefce<e veneR Keelee - meeefce<e (c) Deheefjefcele (d) DeveØeceeefCele
(d) pees henje oslee nw - Øenjer 40. ‘Jeve ceW ueieves Jeeueer Deeie’ JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw
efveoxMe (Øe. meb. 27-29) Fve ØeMveeW ceW efoS ieS ØelÙeskeâ JeekeäÙe KeC[ kesâ DeLe& keâes Skeâ (a) yeÌ[Jeeefive (b) oeJeeefive
(c) efJejneefive (d) pe"jeefive
Meyo ceW JÙekeäle keâjves Jeeuee Meyo efoS ieS efJekeâuheeW ceW mes ÛegefveS~
41. ‘Jen veeefÙekeâe pees Deheves heefle kesâ hejosMe ceW nesves kesâ keâejCe og:Keer nes’
27. jbiecebÛe hej heox kesâ heerÚs keâe mLeeve
(a) he=<"cebÛe (b) oMe&keâoerIee& Jen nw
(c) veešdÙemLeue (d) vesheLÙe (a) Øeesef<eleheeflekeâe (b) efJeÙeesefieveer (c) efJejnefJeoiOee (d) KeefC[lee
42. ‘cees#e keâer FÛÚe jKeves Jeeuee’ JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS meeLe&keâ Meyo nw 56. meled, jped Je leced mes hejs
(a) cegceg#eg (b) cegcet<e&g (a) iegCeeleerle (b) ietÌ{esefkeäle
(c) yegYeg#eg (d) efpeieer<eg (c) iegÌ{esòej (d) ieJes<eCe
43. ‘FefvõÙeeW keâes peerle efueÙee nes efpemeves’, JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS mener efJekeâuhe keâe 57. DeeOeer jele keâe meceÙe
ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ (a) MeJe&jer (b) efJeYeeJejer
(a) Fvõpeerle (b) Fvõ (c) efveMee (d) efveMeerLe
(c) efpelesefvõÙe (d) Fefvõheefle
58. keâceue mes Ùegkeäle peueeMeÙe
44. ‘efpemekeâe GheÛeej ve nes mekesâ’ kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw (a) mejesJej (b) Meleoue
(a) og:mee¢e (b) DemeeOÙe (c) veerjpe (d) heodceekeâj
(c) ßecemeeOÙe (d) meeOevenerve
59. ‘efpemekeâe DevegYeJe efkeâÙee ieÙee nes’
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 45-48 lekeâ)efvecveefueefKele ØeMveeW ceW JeekeäÙeebMeeW/Deveskeâ MeyoeW kesâ (a) DevegYeJeer (b) DevegYetle
mLeeve hej Skeâ Meyo kesâ efueS Ûeej-Ûeej efJekeâuhe efoS ieS nQ~ FveceW mes keâesF& (c) DevegYeJeÙeesiÙe (d) DevegYeeJÙe
Skeâ efJekeâuhe mener nw, Deehekeâes mener efJekeâuhe Ûegvevee nw, Jener Deehekeâe Gòej 60. ‘pees yeveeJešer nes’, JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nesiee
nesiee~ (a) Øeeke=âeflekeâ (b) ke=âef$ece
45. F&MJej keâes veneR ceeveves Jeeuee (c) Øeeke=âle (d) vewmee|iekeâ
(a) Deeefmlekeâ (b) DeOeceea
61. ‘efkeâmeer Yeer he#e keâe meceLe&ve veneR keâjves Jeeuee’
(c) ogjeÛeejer (d) veeefmlekeâ
(a) efvejeheo (b) efve<he#e
46. F&MJej ceW efJeMJeeme keâjves Jeeuee (c) lešmLe (d) oòeefÛeòe
(a) Deeefmlekeâ (b) veeefmlekeâ 62. ‘ÙegÙeglmeg’ keâe DeLe& nw
(c) Yekeäle (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR (a) Ùegæ ceW Decej nesves Jeeuee (b) Ùegæ keâer FÛÚe
47. hesš keâer Deefive (c) Ùegæ keâer FÛÚe jKeves Jeeuee (d) otmejeW keâes ®ueeves Jeeuee
(a) oeJeeefive (b) yeÌ[Jeeefive 63. ‘efpemeceW Deheceeve keâe YeeJe nes, Jen nBmeer’ keäÙee keânueeleer nw?
(c) pe"jeefive (d) cevoeefive (a) neme (b) heefjneme
48. efoMeeSB ner efpevekesâ Jem$e nQ (c) JÙebiÙe (d) Gheneme
(a) efJeMJecYej (b) efokeäheeue 64. ‘DeÛÚeF& Deewj yegjeF& keâes henÛeeveves keâe iegCe’ keânueelee nw
(c) hewiecyej (d) efoiecyej (a) %eeve (b) heefj%eeve
49. ‘ieg® kesâ meceerhe jnkeâj efMe#ee «enCe keâjves Jeeuee’ kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw (c) efJeJeskeâ (d) efJeÉòee
(a) ieg®kegâueJeemeer (b) Úe$eeJeemeer 65. pees #ecee efkeâÙee pee mekesâ
(c) DevlesJeemeer (d) DeeßeceJeemeer (a) #ecÙe (b) De#ecÙe
50. yengle-meer Yee<eeDeeW keâes peeveves Jeeuee (c) #eceeMeerue (d) #eceeMeeueer
(a) yengYee<eeefJeod (b) yengYee<eeYee<eer 66. leke&â kesâ Éeje pees ceevee ieÙee nes
(c) yengßetle (d) yengoMeea (a) leke&âmeccele (b) leke&âmebiele
51. ‘pees JeeCeer Éeje JÙekeäle ve efkeâÙee pee mekesâ’ (c) lekeâeveer (d) lešmLe
(a) Deelcemee#eelkeâej (b) mJeevegYetefle 67. ‘LeesÌ[e KeÛe& keâjves Jeeuee’ kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw
(c) DeefveJe&ÛeveerÙe (d) jnmÙe (a) DeuheJÙeÙeer (b) Deuhe›eâÙeer (c) Deuhe%e (d) DecetuÙe
52. hetjye Deewj Gòej kesâ yeerÛe keâer efoMee 68. ‘otmejs kesâ mLeeve hej keâece keâjves Jeeuee’ JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw~
(a) DeefivekeâesCe (b) GoerÛeer (a) mLeeve (b) mLeeveevlejCe (c) mLeeveehevve (d) DehegmLeeve
(c) ØeeÛeer (d) F&Meeve
69. efoS ieS Deveskeâ MeyoeW kesâ efueS Skeâ GheÙegkeäle Meyo henÛeeefveS ‘heÛÛeerme
53. ‘pees DeÛÚs kegâue ceW Glhevve ngDee nes’ Fme Meyo mecetn kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo Je<e& hetjs keâjves kesâ Gheue#Ùe ceW nesves Jeeuee GlmeJe’
keäÙee nw? (a) megJeCe& peÙevleer (b) Jeerj peÙevleer
(a) kegâueerve (b) mece=æ (c) keâebmÙe peÙevleer (d) jpele peÙevleer
(c) Oeveer (d) ke=âheCe
70. ‘pees m$eer metÙe& Yeer ve osKe mekesâ’ kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw
54. efpemekeâe pevce keâvÙee kesâ ieYe& mes ngDee nes (a) efJeog<eer (b) Deue#Ùee (c) DemetÙe&heMÙee (d) Meem$e%ee
(a) keâvÙeeheg$e (b) keâeveerve (c) DeJewOeheg$e (d) kegâceejermegle
71. ‘meejer he=LJeer kesâ jepee’ keâes keânles nQ
55. nJeve ceW peueeves Jeeueer uekeâÌ[er (a) Ûe›eâJeleea (b) Ûe›eâJeele
(a) nJeve meece«eer (b) Jevekeâe<" (c) Meg<keâkeâe<" (d) meefceOee (c) ÛeewOejer (d) Ûe›eâele
{hÝXr 111
72. ‘Ûeej ceemeeW keâe mecetn’ keâe mecemle heo nesiee 83. Yetefce kesâ Devoj keâer peevekeâejer jKeves Jeeues keâes keâne peelee nw
(a) Ûeejceeme (b) Ûeewjene (a) YetieYe&Jesòee (b) hegjelelJeJesòee
(c) Ûeewceemee (d) Ûeej jemlee (c) ve=lelJeMeem$eer (d) YetkeâcheJesòee
73. ‘Ûeej hewjeW Jeeuee’ keâes FveceW mes keäÙee keânles nQ? 84. jele ceW efJeÛejCe keâjves Jeeues ØeeCeer keâes keâne peelee nw
(a) Ûeewjene (b) Ûeejhewj (a) efveMeekeâj (b) JeveÛej (c) leceÛeesj (d) efveMeeÛej
(c) Ûeleg<heo (d) ÛejJeene
85. ‘hejcheje mes Ûeueer Dee jner yeele’ kesâ efueS ØeÙegkeäle nesves Jeeuee Meyo nw
74. pees FefvõÙeeW keâer henBgÛe mes yeenj nes (a) Øeefleßegefle (b) JÙeepemlegefle (c) Devegueesce (d) Devegßegefle
(a) FefvõÙeefve«en (b) FefvõÙepeerle
(c) FÛÚeOeejer (d) FefvõÙeeleerle 86. ‘efpemekesâ heeme kegâÚ ve nes’ JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw
(a) De#ece (b) DeeEkeâÛeve
75. ‘pees DeeBKeeW kesâ meeceves nes’ kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo yeleeFS~ (c) De%e (d) DemeceLe&
(a) meeceeefpekeâ (b) ØelÙe#e
(c) megueYe (d) efØeÙelece 87. ‘mJeso mes Glhevve nesves Jeeuee’ JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw
(a) mJesope (b) DeC[pe (c) efheC[pe (d) GYeÙepe
76. JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS keâewve-mee Meyo DeMegæ nw?
(a) #eCe ceW Ùee MeerIeÇ štšves Jeeuee—KeC[nj 88. ‘DeheefjCeerle’ Meyo efvecveefueefKele ceW mes efkeâme JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS ØeÙegkeäle
(b) efpemekeâer DeeMee ve keâer ieF& nes—DeØelÙeeefMele neslee nw?
(c) efpemes peevee ve pee mekesâ—De%esÙe (a) efpemekeâe heefjCeece ve efvekeâuelee nes
(d) oeshenj kesâ henues keâe meceÙe—hetJee&Ö (b) efpemekeâe efJeJeen ve ngDee nes
(c) efpemekeâe efJeJeen nes Ûegkeâe nes
77. ‘Skeâ yeej keâner yeele keâes ognjeles jnvee’ JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Meyo nw (d) pees osKeves ceW Øeereflekeâj ve nes
(a) Deeieej (b) ØeekeäkeâLeve
(c) efhe<šhes<eCe (d) ØemleeJevee 89. ‘efpemekeâe keâesF& Me$eg veneR pevcee nw’ JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw
(a) De%esÙe (b) Me$egpeÙeer
78. efpemes legjvle GefÛele Gòej metPe peeS, Gmes keânles nQ (c) DepeeleMe$eg (d) Me$egefJenerve
(a) cesOeeJeer (b) ØelÙeglhevveceefle
(c) kegâMee«eyegefæ (d) efpeiee&Ceg 90. ‘Keespe keâjves Jeeuee’ Fme JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw
(a) DevJes<ekeâ (b) Deveghece (c) DeefvJeefle (d) efveJesMekeâ
79. ‘meJÙemeeÛeer’ Meyo kesâ efueS Skeâ JeekeäÙe nw
(a) meoe melÙe yeesueves Jeeuee 91. ‘efpemekeâer «eerJee megvoj nes’ JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw
(b) yeeSB neLe mes keâeÙe& keâjves Jeeuee (a) heee|LeJe (b) meg«eerJe (c) megOeerj (d) megveerue
(c) efpemeves yengle kegâÚ megvee nes
92. ‘efpemekeâe DevegYeJe FefvõÙeeW Éeje ve nes mekesâ’ Fme JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ
(d) Deheveer FÛÚe kesâ Devegmeej DeeÛejCe keâjves Jeeuee
Meyo nw
80. ‘efkeâmeer yeele keâe ietÌ{ jnmÙe peeveves Jeeuee’ JeekeäÙe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo keäÙee (a) peerlesvõ (b) DeleerefvõÙe
nesiee? (c) Sefvõkeâ (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR
(a) cece&%e (b) megefJe%e (c) efJeÉeved (d) efveietÌ{
93. JeekeäÙeebMeeW Deewj Gvekesâ efueS ØeÙegkeäle MeyoeW kesâ efvecveefueefKele ÙegiceeW ceW mener
81. pees cegefMkeâue mes Øeehle nes, Gmes keânles nQ Ùegice keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(a) DeueYÙe (b) megueYe (c) ogue&Ye (d) DeuebIÙe (a) pees m$eer DeefYeveÙe keâjs - DeefYeveslee
(b) pees JÙeekeâjCe peevelee nes - JÙeekeâjCeerÙe
82. DeJemej kesâ Deveg™he yeoue peeves Jeeues keâes keânles nQ (c) DeeBKeeW mes hejs - ØelÙe#e
(a) ÙeLeeefmLeefleJeeoer (b) DeeoMe&Jeeoer
(d) ueewškeâj DeeÙee ngDee - ØelÙeeiele
(c) YeeJeJeeoer (d) DeJemejJeeoer
CÎma‘mbm
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (d) 16. (b) 17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (a) 20. (a)
21. (c) 22. (b) 23. (c) 24. (a) 25. (c) 26. (c) 27. (d) 28. (c) 29. (d) 30. (a)
31. (a) 32. (a) 33. (b) 34. (b) 35. (c) 36. (b) 37. (b) 38. (c) 39. (b) 40. (b)
41. (a) 42. (a) 43. (c) 44. (b) 45. (d) 46. (a) 47. (c) 48. (d) 49. (c) 50. (a)
51. (c) 52. (d) 53. (a) 54. (b) 55. (d) 56. (a) 57. (d) 58. (d) 59. (b) 60. (b)
61. (c) 62. (c) 63. (d) 64. (c) 65. (a) 66. (a) 67. (a) 68. (c) 69. (d) 70. (c)
71. (a) 72. (c) 73. (c) 74. (d) 75. (b) 76. (a) 77. (c) 78. (b) 79. (b) 80. (a)
81. (c) 82. (d) 83. (a) 84. (d) 85. (a) 86. (b) 87. (a) 88. (b) 89. (c) 90. (a)
91. (b) 92. (b) 93. (d)
AÜ¶m¶ 06
dm³¶JV Aew{Õ¶m± Am¡a CZH$m emoYZ

JeekeäÙe Yee<ee keâer cegKÙe FkeâeF& nw~ FmeefueS JeekeäÙe keâe Megæ nesvee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~
JeekeäÙe efueKeles meceÙe efvecveefueefKele yeeleeW keâes OÙeeve ceW jKevee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw DeMegæ Megæ
● JeekeäÙe jÛevee ceW meb%ee, meJe&veece, keâce&, efJeMes<eCe, ef›eâÙee-efJeMes<eCe, JeÛeve, efuebie,
Deeheves JeneB peekeâj yeÌ[er DeMegefæ keâer~ Deeheves JeneB peekeâj yeÌ[er ieueleer keâer~
keâejkeâ keâe ØeÙeesie DeeJeMÙekeâleevegmeej nesvee ÛeeefnS~ keâeceeÙeveer Skeâ GhevÙeeme nw~ keâeceeÙeveer Skeâ cenekeâeJÙe nw~
● JeekeäÙe ceW Dehesef#ele heo›eâce keâe ØeÙeesie nesvee ÛeeefnS~
ieefÌ[le cesje efØeÙe efJe<eÙe nw~ ieefCele cesje efØeÙe efJe<eÙe nw~
● efJejece-efÛeÖeW keâe mener ØeÙeesie nesvee ÛeeefnS~
‘mesJeemeove’ cegvmeer ØesceÛevõ keâe ‘mesJeemeove’ cegbMeer ØesceÛevo keâe
● MeyoeW keâe ØeÙeesie mevoYe& kesâ Devegmeej nesvee ÛeeefnS~
GhevÙeeme nw~ GhevÙeeme nw~
● JeekeäÙe ceW Yee<ee keâe ØeÙeesie leke&âmebiele Deewj meeLe&keâ nesvee ÛeeefnS~
● Ssmes oes heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer MeyoeW keâe ØeÙeesie ve nes pees Skeâ ner DeLe& kesâ JeeÛekeâ neW~
eEueie mecyevOeer
● keâesF& Yeer JeekeäÙe meceepe, Oece&, Fefleneme kesâ efJe®æ venbeR nesvee ÛeeefnS~ DeMegæ Megæ
● cegneJejeW Deewj ueeskeâesefkeäle keâe ØeÙeesie mevoYe& kesâ Devegmeej nesvee ÛeeefnS~ keâue efJeÅeeueÙe yevo jnsieer~ keâue efJeÅeeueÙe yevo jnsiee~
ke=â<Ce Deewj jeOee ceOegJeve ceW ieF&~ ke=â<Ce Deewj jeOee ceOegJeve ceW ieS~
{hÝXr ‘| dm³¶JV Aew[Õ¶m± Deehekeâer efueKeeJeš yengle DeÛÚe nw~ Deehekeâer efueKeeJeš yengle DeÛÚer nw~
oner yengle Kešdšer nw~ oner yengle Kešdše nw~
efnvoer ceW efvecve Øekeâej keâer JeekeäÙeiele DeMegefæÙeeB nesleer nQ
megOee yeÌ[er yegefæceeve nw~ megOee yeÌ[er yegefæceleer nw~
● JÙeekeâjCe keâer DeMegefæÙeeB ● DeveeJeMÙekeâ Meyo ØeÙeesie keâer DeMegefæÙeeB
meYeer efm$eÙeeB iegCeJeeve veneR nesleer nQ~ meYeer efm$eÙeeB iegCeJeleer veneR nesleer nQ~
● Meyo %eeve mecyevOeer DeMegefæÙeeB ● Meyo efvecee&Ce keâer DeMegefæÙeeB
Gmekesâ ceve ceW ueeueÛe yengle yeÌ{ jner nw~ Gmekesâ ceve ceW ueeueÛe yengle yeÌ{ jne nw~
● Jele&veeriele DeMegefæÙeeB
meYee keâes Deveskeâ efJeÉeve ceefnueeDeeW ves meYee keâes Deveskeâ efJeog<eer ceefnueeDeeW ves
mecyeesefOele efkeâÙee~ mecyeesefOele efkeâÙee~
ì`mH$aU H$s Aew{Õ`m± megjsMe keâe Deeole yeÌ[e Kejeye nw~ megjsMe keâer Deeole yeÌ[er Kejeye nw~
meb%ee, eEueie, JeÛeve, keâejkeâ, meJe&veece, efJeMes<eCe, ef›eâÙee, ef›eâÙee-efJeMes<eCe, DeJÙeÙe, heg$eer DeeÙeg<ceeved YeJe~ heg$eer! DeeÙeg<celeer YeJe~
heo›eâce Deeefo mes mecyeefvOele DeMegefæÙeeW keâes JÙeekeâjCe keâer DeMegefæÙeeB keânles nQ~ ‘keâuÙeeCeer’ Fme cenekeâeJÙe keâer veeÙekeâer nw~ ‘keâuÙeeCeer’ Fme cenekeâeJÙe keâer veeefÙekeâe nw~
JÙeekeâjCe keâer DeMegefæÙeeW kesâ kegâÚ GoenjCe efvecveefueefKele nQ Deehekesâ keâece keâjves keâe efJeefOe DeÛÚe nw~ Deehekesâ keâece keâjves keâer efJeefOe DeÛÚer nw~
meb%ee mecyevOeer legcnejer keâue keâye DeeSieer? legcneje keâue keâye DeeSiee?
keâesÙeue ceer"s mJej ceW yeesue jne nw~ keâesÙeue ceer"s mJej ceW yeesue jner nw~
DeMegæ Megæ
keâewDee yeesue jner nw~ keâewDee yeesue jne nw~
Ùes ueÌ[efkeâS hejer#ee ceW ØeLece DeeF& nw~ Ùen ueÌ[keâer hejer#ee ceW ØeLece DeeF& nw~
Gmekesâ meeceves cesjer nesMe GÌ[ ieF&~ Gmekesâ meeceves cesjs nesMe GÌ[ ieS~
Deepe IeesÌ[e oewÌ[ Yeer nesieer~ Deepe IegÌ[oewÌ[ Yeer nesieer~
cenejeveer OeveJeeve nw~ cenejeveer OeveJeleer nw~
efÛeefÌ[Ùeeceej he#eer yesÛelee nw~ efÛeÌ[erceej he#eer yesÛelee nw~ keâcejs ceW yevotkeâ jKee nw~ keâcejs ceW yevotkeâ jKeer nw~
ueewnej ueesne keâe meeceeve yeveelee nw~ uegnej ueesns keâe meeceeve yeveelee nw~ jepee Deewj jeveer Yeespeve keâj jner nQ~ jepee Deewj jeveer Yeespeve keâj jns nQ~
keäÙee kegâÚ DeMeiegve nes ieÙee? keäÙee kegâÚ DeheMekegâve nes ieÙee?
efYeKeeefjCeer keâes osKekeâj oÙee Dee ieF&~ efYeKeeefjve keâes osKekeâj oÙee Dee ieF&~ JeÛeve mecyevOeer
DeuceesÌ[s keâer yeeueefce"eF& ceMentj nw~ DeuceesÌ[e keâer yeeueefce"eF& ceMentj nw~ DeMegæ Megæ
Deheves IeesÌ[e keâe Fueepe keâjes~ Deheves IeesÌ[s keâe Fueepe keâjes~ hÙeeme mes cesjs neW" metKe jne nw~ hÙeeme mes cesjs neW" metKe jns nQ~
Jen Deeiejs mes nw~ Jen Deeieje mes nw~ efheleepeer Dee jne nw~ efheleepeer Dee jns nQ~
Jen Deb«es]peer yeesueves keâer keâmejle keâj jne nw~ Jen Deb«es]peer yeesueves keâe DeYÙeeme keâj jne nw~ Ûeej Deeoceer ves veiej keâer Ùee$ee keâer~ Ûeej DeeoefceÙeeW ves veiej keâer Ùee$ee keâer~
{hÝXr$ 113
nceejer keâceerpe ceW heeBÛe yešveW nQ~ nceejer keâceerpe ceW heeBÛe yešve nQ~ DeMegæ Megæ
heeBÛe efkeâuees DeeuegDeeW kesâ oece heÛeeme heeBÛe efkeâuees Deeuet kesâ oece heÛeeme Gveves nceejs ÙeneB ÛeeÙe efheÙee~ GvneWves nceejs ÙeneB ÛeeÙe heer~
®heÙes nQ~ ®heÙes nQ~
ceQves DeuceesÌ[e peevee nw~ cegPes DeuceesÌ[e peevee nw~
Gmeves Ûeej-heeBÛe peuesyeer KeeFË~ Gmeves Ûeej-heeBÛe peuesefyeÙeeB KeeFË~
ceQ ceesšjmeeFefkeâueeW hej meJeej ceQ ceesšjmeeFefkeâue hej meJeej Jen Jener ueÌ[keâe nw pees keâue efceuee Lee~ Ùen Jener ueÌ[keâe nw pees keâue efceuee Lee~
neskeâj ieÙee~ neskeâj ieÙee~ ieerlee DeeF& Deewj keâne~ ieerlee DeeF& Deewj Gmeves keâne~
KeieJe=vo keâuejJe keâj jne Lee~ KeieJe=vo keâuejJe keâj jns Les~ Ùen GvnW mecePe ceW veneR DeeSiee~ Ùen Gvekeâer mecePe ceW veneR DeeSiee~
ome efmeheener Skeâ meeLe Dee jne nw~ ome efmeheener Skeâ meeLe Dee jns nQ~ Ùen pees keâuece nw ieesheeue keâer nw~ Ùen keâuece ieesheeue keâer nw~
Deepe Ûesuee Yeer ieg® keâe keâeve keâeš jne nw~ Deepe Ûesuee Yeer ieg® kesâ keâeve keâeš jne nw~ Ùen cesje YeeF& nw Ùen cesjs meeLe Ùen cesje YeeF& nw pees cesjs meeLe
Deheveer-Deheveer hegmlekeWâ ueeDees~ Deheveer-Deheveer hegmlekeâ ueeDees~ jnlee nw~ jnlee nw~
ØesceÛevo ves DeveskeâeW GhevÙeeme efueKes~ ØesceÛevo ves Deveskeâ GhevÙeeme efueKes~ Jen meye DeÛÚs Deeoceer nQ~ Jes meye DeÛÚs Deeoceer nQ~
ceneYeejle Dešd"ejn efoveeW lekeâ Ûeuelee ceneYeejle Dešd"ejn efove lekeâ Ûeuelee efJeMes<eCe mecyevOeer
jne~ jne~
nceejs meeceeveeW keâe OÙeeve jKevee~ nceejs meeceeve keâe OÙeeve jKevee~ DeMegæ Megæ
Jen cesjs Iej keâF& efoveeW lekeâ jne~ Jen cesjs Iej keâF& efove lekeâ jne~ DeefOekeâebMe ueesieeW keâe Ùener neue nw~ DeefOekeâlej ueesieeW keâe Ùener neue nw~
DeekeâeMe yengle TBÛee nw~ DeekeâeMe yengle efJeMeeue nw~
keâejkeâ mecyevOeer
meYeer ueesie Dehevee keâece keâjW~ meYeer ueesie Dehevee-Dehevee keâece keâjW~
DeMegæ Megæ efkeâmeer Deewj ueÌ[kesâ keâes yegueeDees~ efkeâmeer otmejs ueÌ[kesâ keâes yegueeDees~
Deehe Deheveer meeFefkeâue keâes Yeer ueeS nQ~ Deehe Deheveer meeFefkeâue Yeer ueeS nQ~ efvejhejeOeer keâes oC[ osvee heehe nw~ efvejhejeOe keâes oC[ osvee heehe nw~
Delegue Iej veneR nw~ Delegue Iej ceW veneR nw~ Ùen nceeje Jeeuee Iej nw~ Ùen nceeje Iej nw~
keâefJe meccesueve keâe oeefÙelJe Deehekesâ keâefJe meccesueve keâe oeefÙelJe Deehe hej nw~ cesjs Iej megheg$eer keâe pevce ngDee nw~ cesjs Iej heg$eer keâe pevce ngDee nw~
Thej nw~
efvejeuee keâer oMee iecYeerj Leer~ efvejeuee keâer oMee efÛevleepevekeâ Leer~
pevelee kesâ Devoj Demevlees<e nw~ pevelee ceW Demevlees<e nw~
veerjpe keâer meewYeeiÙeJeleer keâvÙee keâe veerjpe keâer meewYeeiÙekeâebef#eCeer keâvÙee keâe
Deeheves Ùen keâece keâjvee nw~ Deehekeâes Ùen keâece keâjvee nw~ efJeJeen keâue nesiee~ efJeJeen keâue nesiee~
Deehekesâ neLe ceW kegâÚ veneR DeeÙee~ Deehekesâ neLe kegâÚ veneR DeeÙee~ jcee ves Gme ÂMÙe keâe megvoj efÛe$eCe jcee ves Gme ÂMÙe keâe megvoj efÛe$eCe
Jen ÛeeBo keâes osKelee nw~ Jen ÛeeBo osKelee nw~ GheefmLele efkeâÙee~ efkeâÙee~
Deehekesâ veS heles mes he$e Yespee nw~ Deehekesâ veS heles hej he$e Yespee nw~ Úesšer-Úesšer yeeuekeâ mketâue pee jns nQ~ Úesšs-Úesšs yeeuekeâ mketâue pee jns nQ~
legcekeâes keäÙee keânW? legcnW keäÙee keânW? cev$eer peer keâer efÛevleepevekeâ cegõe cev$eer peer keâer iecYeerj cegõe osKekeâj
ceQves Deheveer DeeBKeeW keâer Jen Iešvee osKeer~ ceQves Deheveer DeeBKeeW mes Jen Iešvee osKeer~ osKekeâj ceQ yengle ØeYeeefJele ngDee~ ceQ yengle ØeYeeefJele ngDee~
iebiee efnceeueÙe hej mes efvekeâueleer nw~ iebiee efnceeueÙe mes efvekeâueleer nw~ Gmes yengle Jepeve og:Ke ngDee~ Gmes yengle og:Ke ngDee~
ueÌ[keâe hesÌ[ hej efieje~ ueÌ[keâe hesÌ[ mes efieje~ Deehekeâer keâefJelee ßes<"lece nw~ Deehekeâer keâefJelee ßes<" nw~
Fme yeele ceQ DeÛÚer lejn mecePelee ntB~ Fme yeele keâes ceQ DeÛÚer lejn mecePelee ntB~ ÙeneB keâesF& Skeâ Yeer JÙeefkeäle veneR nw~ ÙeneB keâesF& JÙeefkeäle veneR nw~
Gmeves Ùener keânvee Lee~ Gmekeâes Ùener keânvee Lee~ heef"le meceepe ceW DebOeefJeMJeeme veneR nw~ efMeef#ele meceepe ceW DebOeefJeMJeeme veneR nw~
HeâesÌ[s ceW cejnce ueieeDees~ HeâesÌ[s hej cejnce ueieeDees~ ogIe&švee ceW nleenle ngS ueesieeW keâer ogIe&švee ceW nleenle ueesieeW keâer
cejnce-hešdšer keâer ieF&~ cejnce-hešdšer keâer ieF&~
meJe&veece mecyevOeer
DeMegæ ef›eâÙee mecyevOeer
Megæ
Jen yeÌ[s efJeÉeved JÙeefkeäle nQ~ Jes yeÌ[s efJeÉeved JÙeefkeäle nQ~ DeMegæ Megæ
efheleepeer legce keâneB pee jns nes? efheleepeer Deehe keâneB pee jns nQ? keäÙee Ùen mecYeJe nes mekeâlee nw? keäÙee Ùen mecYeJe nw?
Deehe Deehekesâ efJeÅeeueÙe peeSB~ Deehe Deheves efJeÅeeueÙe peeSB~ ceQ Fmekeâe keâejCe os mekeâlee ntB~ ceQ Fmekeâe keâejCe yelee mekeâlee ntB~
Gmekesâ heeme pees keâuece nw Ùen nceeje nw~ Gmekesâ heeme pees keâuece nw Jen nceeje nw~ JeneB Dekeâmceeled Dešdšneme nes G"e~ JeneB Dekeâmceeled Dešdšneme ngDee~
otOe ceW keâewve heÌ[ ieÙee? otOe ceW keäÙee heÌ[ ieÙee? legce Ûeej yepes lekeâ cesjer legce Ûeej yepes lekeâ cesjer
Øeleer#ee osKevee~ Øeleer#ee keâjvee~
JeneB keäÙee pee jne nw? JeneB keâewve pee jne nw?
Fme keâLeve keâe mhe<šerkeâjCe keâjves Fme keâLeve kesâ mhe<šerkeâjCe keâer
mevotkeâ ceW keâewve-keâewve-meer JemlegSB nQ? mevotkeâ ceW keäÙee-keäÙee JemlegSB nQ? keâer DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw~ DeeJeMÙekeâlee nw~
nce nceejs Iej peeSBies~ nce Deheves Iej peeSBies~ hegmlekeâ cespe hej [eue oes~ hegmlekeâ cespe hej jKe oes~
ceQves yengle heefjßece G"ekeâj Oeve ceQves yengle heefjßece keâjkesâ Oeve DeMegæ Megæ
keâceeÙee nw~ keâceeÙee nw~ Jen mecemle ØeeefCecee$e keâe efnlew<eer nw~ Jen ØeeefCecee$e keâe efnlew<eer nw~
Jen [jkeâj oewÌ[ KeÌ[e ngDee~ Jen [jkeâj Yeeie KeÌ[e ngDee~ meYeer Úe$eeW ceW ieesheeue yengle ßes<" nw~ meYeer Úe$eeW ceW ieesheeue ßes<" nw~
Gmeves venekeâj Yeespeve KeeÙee~ Gmeves venekeâj Yeespeve efkeâÙee~ vesleepeer keâes meye keâesF& peeveles nQ~ vesleepeer keâes meye peeveles nQ~
Deehe FvnW Flevee hejsMeeve keäÙeeW Deehe FvnW Flevee hejsMeeve keäÙeeW JÙeeheejer ves meeje ceeue ceveesnj kesâ JÙeeheejer ves meeje ceeue ceveesnj kesâ
yevee jns nQ? keâj jns nQ? neLe ceW yesÛe efoÙee nw~ neLe yesÛe efoÙee nw~
ef›eâÙee-efJeMes<eCe mecyevOeer keâefJe ves Øeke=âefle keâer megvoj MeesYee keâe keâefJe ves Øeke=âefle keâer MeesYee keâe
JeCe&ve efkeâÙee nw~ JeCe&ve efkeâÙee nw~
DeMegæ Megæ
he$e efkeâmekesâ veece hej efueKee ieÙee nw? he$e efkeâmekesâ veece efueKee ieÙee nw?
Ùen hegmlekeâ efJeÉòeehetCe& efueKeer ieF& nw~ Ùen hegmlekeâ efJeÉòeehetJe&keâ efueKeer ieF& nw~
Fme meceÙe yeÛÛes mketâue keâes pee jns nQ~ Fme meceÙe yeÛÛes mketâue pee jns nQ~
Ùen keâeÙe& Deehekesâ mJeYeeJe kesâ Deveg™he nw~ Ùen keâeÙe& Deehekesâ mJeYeeJe kesâ Devegketâue nw~
leye MeeÙeo Ùen keâece DeJeMÙe nes peeSiee~ leye Ùen keâece DeJeMÙe nes peeSiee~
Deehekeâer Dee%ee kesâ Devegketâue keâeÙe& nesiee~ Deehekeâer Dee%ee kesâ Devegmeej keâeÙe& nesiee~
cegPemes Ùen keâece mecYeJe veneR nes mekeâlee~ cegPemes Ùen keâece mecYeJe veneR~
Deehe Fme keâeÙe& keâes mejueleehetCe& keâj Deehe Fme keâeÙe& keâes mejuelee
mekeâlee nQ~ mes/mejueleehetJe&keâ keâj mekeâles nQ~ ke=âheÙee Deehe ner Ùen yeleeves keâe Deveg«en keâjW~ ke=âheÙee Deehe ner Ùen yeleeSB~
Deehemes efceuekeâj ceneveleced Øemevvelee ngF&~ Deehemes efceuekeâj DelÙevle Øemevvelee ngF&~ nceejs ÙeneB le®Ce veJeÙegJekeâeW keâer efMe#ee nceejs ÙeneB veJeÙegJekeâeW keâer efMe#ee keâer
keâer DeÛÚer JÙeJemLee nw~ DeÛÚer JÙeJemLee nw~
DeJÙeÙe mecyevOeer peJeenjueeue vesn™ Yeejle kesâ ØecegKe peJeenjueeue vesn™ Yeejle kesâ ØeLece
DeMegæ Megæ ØeOeevecev$eer Les~ ØeOeevecev$eer Les~
Ùen heehe nw Ùee efkeâ hegCÙe~ Ùen heehe nw Ùee hegCÙe/Ùen heehe nw efkeâ hegCÙe~ Jen veiej keâe yeefÌ{Ùee meJeexòece efKeueeÌ[er nw~ Jen veiej keâe meJeexòece efKeueeÌ[er nw~
meerlee leLee ieerlee Deewj jeOee Skeâ meerlee, ieerlee Deewj jeOee Skeâ meeLe leceece osMeYej ceW yeele Hewâue ieF& nw~ osMeYej ceW yeele Hewâue ieF& nw~
meeLe heÌ{leer nQ~ heÌ{leer nQ~ ve peeves efkeâleves yesMegceej peerJe hewoe nesles nQ~ ve peeves efkeâleves peerJe hewoe nesles nQ~
efMe#ekeâ ves Úe$eeW mes keâne efkeâ Yeejle efMe#ekeâ ves Úe$eeW mes keâne efkeâ Yeejle kesâJeue heeBÛe ®heÙes cee$e oerefpeS~ kesâJeue heeBÛe ®heÙes oerefpeS~
Gvekeâe osMe nw~ nceeje osMe nw~
Gmekeâe DeeÛejCe mJeYeeJe DeÛÚe nw~ Gmekeâe DeeÛejCe DeÛÚe nw~
Ùeefo Jen Deelee leye ceQ peelee~ Ùeefo Jen Deelee lees ceQ peelee~
Jen Dee peeS lees kewâmeer jnsieer? Jen Dee DeeS lees kewâmee jnsiee? heJe&leeW ceW efnceeueÙe meyemes yengle TBÛee nw~ heJe&leeW ceW efnceeueÙe meyemes TBÛee nw~
peye ceQ heÌ{lee ntB peYeer legce Dee peeles nes~ peye ceQ heÌ{lee ntB leYeer legce Dee peeles nes~ Deehe meye ueesie efJeßeece keâjW~ Deehe meye efJeßeece keâjW~
pÙeeW ner ceQ mšsMeve hengBÛee Jewmes ner pÙeeW ner ceQ mšsMeve hengBÛee lÙeeW ner Deeheme ceW efceuekeâj hejmhej menÙeesie keâjes~ Deeheme ceW efceuekeâj menÙeesie keâjes~
ieeÌ[er Ûeue oer~ ieeÌ[er Ûeue oer~ efKeueeefÌ[ÙeeW ceW jecet yengle yengle ßes<" nw~ efKeueeefÌ[ÙeeW ceW jecet ßes<" nw~
heo›eâce-mecyevOeer Jen ueÌ[keâe efJeueehe keâjkesâ jesves ueiee~ Jen ueÌ[keâe jesves ueiee~
DeMegæ Megæ Deehekeâes GefÛele vÙeeÙe efceuesiee~ Deehekeâes vÙeeÙe efceuesiee~
keâF& yeQkeâ kesâ keâce&ÛeeefjÙeeW ves ØeoMe&ve efkeâÙee yeQkeâ kesâ keâF& keâce&ÛeeefjÙeeW ves ØeoMe&ve efkeâÙee~ meYee ceW ØeeÙe: meYeer GheefmLele Les~ meYee ceW meYeer GheefmLele Les~
kegbâYe kesâ cesues ceW Ûeej efouueer kesâ JÙeefkeäle kegbâYe kesâ cesues ceW efouueer kesâ Ûeej JÙeefkeäle ceQ meeÙebkeâeue kesâ meceÙe yeepeej ieÙee~ ceQ meeÙebkeâeue yeepeej ieÙee~
Yeer Les~ Yeer Les~ Jen ueieYeie ieeÙeye nes ieÙee~ Jen ieeÙeye nes ieÙee~
ceb$eer peer ves cegKÙe DeefleefLe keâes Skeâ HetâueeW ceb$eer peer ves cegKÙe DeefleefLe keâes HetâueeW keâer efouueer kesâ Devoj ceW ceuesefjÙee keâe Øekeâeshe nw~ efouueer ceW ceuesefjÙee keâe Øekeâeshe nw~
keâer ceeuee henveeF&~ Skeâ ceeuee henveeF&~ efkeâmeer Yeer ueÌ[kesâ keâes yeguee ueW~ efkeâmeer ueÌ[kesâ keâes yeguee ueW~
ÙeneB leepes ievves keâe jme efyekeâlee nw~ ÙeneB ievves keâe leepee jme efyekeâlee nw~ Deehekeâe ieghle jnmÙe keâewve peeve mekeâlee nw? Deehekeâe jnmÙe keâewve peeve mekeâlee nw?
AZmdí`H$ eãX à`moJ H$s Aew{Õ`m± Fme heWefšbie ceW cegieuekeâeueerve meceÙe keâer
mebmke=âefle keâe efÛe$eCe nw~
Fme heWefšbie ceW cegieuekeâeueerve mebmke=âefle keâe
efÛe$eCe nw~
Fve DeMegefæÙeeW keâe mecyevOe MeyoeW kesâ DeveeJeMÙekeâ SJeb Devehesef#ele ØeÙeesie mes nw~ Fme
Øekeâej peye DeveeJeMÙekeâ Meyo keâe ØeÙeesie efkeâÙee peelee nw, lees JeekeäÙe kesâ DeLe& ceW Ùener keâejCe nw efkeâ osMe keâer Skeâ Yee<ee ve osMe ceW Skeâ Yee<ee ve nesves kesâ keâejCe
nesves kesâ keâejCe YeeJeelcekeâ Skeâlee veneR nw~ YeeJeelcekeâ Skeâlee veneR nw~
veerjmelee Glhevve nes peeleer nw~ DeveeJeMÙekeâ Meyo ØeÙeesie keâer DeMegefæÙeeW kesâ kegâÚ
GoenjCe efvecveefueefKele nQ peneB lekeâ nceeje efJeÛeej lees Ùener nw~ nceeje efJeÛeej lees Ùener nw~
DeMegæ Megæ efkeâmeer Yeer meeefnlÙekeâej keâer Skeâ efJeMes<elee meeefnlÙekeâej keâer Skeâ efJeMes<elee
Ùen Yeer nw~ Ùen Yeer nw~
kegâÚ ueesie hejmhej Deeheme ceW yeeleW kegâÚ ueesie hejmhej yeeleW keâj
keâj jns Les~ jns Les~ ceQ kesâJeue Flevee peevelee ner peevelee ntB~ ceQ kesâJeue Flevee peevelee ntB~
ceQves Gvekeâer yeele hej Deeheefòe Øekeâš keâer~ ceQves Gvekeâer yeele hej Deeheefòe keâer~ Mejeye heervee efJe<e mes YeÙebkeâj nw~ Mejeye efJe<e mes YeÙebkeâj nw~
{hÝXr$ 115
DeMegæ Megæ DeMegæ Megæ

Ùen Ûeer]pe meheves ceW Yeer efceuevee ogue&Ye nw~ Ùen Ûeer]pe meheves ceW Yeer ogue&Ye nw~ cesje Deehemes Dee«enhetCe& efveJesove cesje Deehemes Dee«enhetJe&keâ efveJesove
efmeJeeÙe Deehekeâes ÚesÌ[keâj meYeer DeeS Les~ Deehekeâes ÚesÌ[keâj meYeer DeeS Les~ nw efkeâ.... nw efkeâ....
Gmes ueieYeie Mele-ØeefleMele Debkeâ efceues~ Gmes Mele-ØeefleMele Debkeâ efceues~ hegmlekeâ kesâ Úefhele cetuÙe hej 10% hegmlekeâ kesâ cegefõle cetuÙe hej 10%
Útš efceuesieer~ Útš efceuesieer~
Deehe keâYeer efkeâmeer meceÙe JeneB nes Deeles~ Deehe efkeâmeer meceÙe JeneB nes Deeles~ cesjer MebkeâeDeeW keâe efvejekeâjCe nes peevee cesjer MebkeâeDeeW keâe meceeOeeve nes peevee
ceQ Gme meceÙe ueieYeie mees jne Lee~ ceQ Gme meceÙe mees jne Lee~ ÛeeefnS~ ÛeeefnS~
Deye Deepe mes Ssmeer ieueleer cele keâjvee~ Deye Ssmeer ieueleer cele keâjvee~ ßeer vejsvõ ceesoer Yeejle mejkeâej kesâ ßeer vejsvõ ceesoer Yeejle mejkeâej kesâ
cegKÙecev$eer nQ~ ØeOeevecev$eer nQ~
pees Oeve keâe ueeueÛeer nw, efHeâj Jen meeOeg pees Oeve keâe ueeueÛeer nw, Jen meeOeg
veneR nw~ veneR nw~ efj]peJe& yeQkeâ kesâ jepÙeheeue ves mecyeesefOele efj]peJe& yeQkeâ kesâ ieJeve&j ves mecyeesefOele
efkeâÙee~ efkeâÙee~
eãX kmZ gå~ÝYr Aew{Õ`m± iegC[eW ves Ûeewjens hej ®efOej keâj efoÙee~ iegC[eW ves Ûeewjens hej Ketve keâj efoÙee~
Fve DeMegefæÙeeW keâe mecyevOe MeyoeW kesâ ÛegveeJe mes nw~ nce yeesueles Je efueKeles meceÙe ogkeâeveoej keâe ieefCele keâj oes~ ogkeâeveoej keâe efnmeeye keâj oes~
JeekeäÙeeW ceW Meyo keâe ieuele ÛegveeJe keâj uesles nQ Deewj leye Meyo ÛeÙeve keâer ceQ Deehekesâ megKeer peerJeve keâer Deekeâeb#ee ceQ Deehekesâ megKeer peerJeve keâer keâecevee
DeMegefæÙeeB nesleer nQ~ Meyo ÛeÙeve keâer DeMegefæÙeeW kesâ kegâÚ GoenjCe efvecveefueefKele nQ keâjlee ntB~ keâjlee ntB~
oerve-og:efKeÙeeW hej ke=âhee keâjes~ oerve-og:efKeÙeeW hej oÙee keâjes~
DeMegæ Megæ
efMeKee keâes Deheves meewvoÙe& hej efMeKee keâes Deheves meewvoÙe& hej
ceve keâer ÛebÛeuelee Iešves hej Skeâe«eefÛeòelee ceve keâer ÛebÛeuelee Iešves hej Skeâe«elee ieewjJe nw~ ieJe& nw~
yeÌ{leer nw~ yeÌ{leer nw~
Fme yeeušer ceW yeerme ueeršj heeveer Yejves Fme yeeušer ceW yeerme ueeršj heeveer Yejves keâer
Fme hegmlekeâ keâer Ùener DeÛÚeF& nw~ Fme hegmlekeâ keâer Ùener efJeMes<elee nw~ keâer ÙeesiÙelee nw~ #ecelee nw~
Deehekesâ keâLeve mes cegPes Meefkeäle efceueer nw~ Deehekesâ keâLeve mes cegPes yeue efceuee nw~ nceejs keâe@uespe ceW keâe@ceme& keâer efJeÅee oer nceejs keâe@uespe ceW keâe@ceme& keâer efMe#ee oer
jbieMeeuee ceW veeškeâ keâe Kesue ngDee~ jbieMeeuee ceW veeškeâ Kesuee ieÙee~ peeleer nw~ peeleer nw~
ieues ceW hejeOeervelee keâer yesefÌ[ÙeeB heÌ[ ieFË~ hewjeW ceW hejeOeervelee keâer yesefÌ[ÙeeB heÌ[ ieFË~ otOe keâer veehe nesleer nw~ otOe keâer ceehe nesleer nw~
DeeÙekeâj pecee keâjves ceW ner legcnejer DeeÙekeâj pecee keâjves ceW ner legcnejer keâheÌ[s keâer ceehe nesleer nw~ keâheÌ[s keâer veehe nesleer nw~
DeÛÚeF& nw~ YeueeF& nw~
Deehe DehejeOeer kesâ Øeefleketâue ieJeener oW~ Deehe DehejeOeer kesâ efJe®æ ieJeener oW~
keâeÙe&›eâce keâer meYeeheefle ßeerceleer jsKee keâeÙe&›eâce keâer meYeeves$eer ßeerceleer jsKee
pewve nw pewve nQ~ Gmeves oC[ osves keâe keâece efkeâÙee nw~ Gmeves oC[ heeves keâe keâece efkeâÙee nw~
efÛeefÌ[ÙeeB yeesue jner nQ~ efÛeefÌ[ÙeeB Ûenkeâ jner nQ~ Deehekeâes efnvoer keâe DeÛÚe yeesOe nw~ Deehekeâes efnvoer keâe DeÛÚe %eeve nw~
Øesce keâjvee leueJeej keâer veeWkeâ hej Øesce keâjvee leueJeej keâer Oeej hej iejceer kesâ keâejCe heefLekeâ hesÌ[ keâer iejceer kesâ keâejCe heefLekeâ hesÌ[ keâer
Ûeuevee nw~ Ûeuevee nw~ hejÚeF& ceW yew" ieÙee~ ÚeÙee ceW yew" ieÙee~
Úe$eeW ceW heejmheefjkeâ Ùegæ nes ieÙee~ Úe$eeW ceW heejmheefjkeâ ueÌ[eF& nes ieF&~ Deehe heeveer-heeve keâjW~ Deehe peue-heeve keâjW~
mJeefvee|cele ieerle keâer oes-Ûeej ueefÌ[ÙeeB mJejefÛele ieerle keâer oes-Ûeej keâefÌ[ÙeeB meeiej DeefOekeâ ienje nw~ meeiej yengle ienje nw~
megveeDees~ megveeDees~
meHeâuelee kesâ ceeie& ceW kegâÚ mebkeâš nQ~ meHeâuelee kesâ ceeie& ceW kegâÚ yeeOeeSB nQ~ ceQves Gmekeâer yeele hej hejsMeeveer keâer~ ceQves Gmekeâer yeele hej Deeheefòe keâer~
Meeskeâ nw efkeâ ceQ Deehekeâer meneÙelee ve Keso nw efkeâ ceQ Deehekeâer meneÙelee ve yejÚer Mem$e Deewj yevotkeâ Dem$e nw~ yejÚer Dem$e Deewj yevotkeâ Mem$e nw~
keâj mekeâe~ keâj mekeâe~ Deehekeâes Ssmee veneR yeesuevee ÛeeefnS~ Deehekeâes Ssmee veneR keânvee ÛeeefnS~
Gmes Yee<ee-efJe%eeve keâe DeÛÚe yeesOe nw~ Gmes Yee<ee-efJe%eeve keâe DeÛÚe %eeve nw~
jeceoÙeeue keâer Mewef#ekeâ #ecelee jeceoÙeeue keâer Mewef#ekeâ ÙeesiÙelee
peerJeve Deewj meeefnlÙe keâe Ieesj mecyevOe nw~ peerJeve Deewj meeefnlÙe keâe Ieefve<" mecyevOe nw~ neF&mketâue nw~ neF&mketâue nw~
cesjs efueS ieefCele keâ"esj efJe<eÙe nw~ cesjs efueS ieefCele keâef"ve efJe<eÙe nw~ meceejesn ceW cegKÙe DeefleefLe keâes meceejesn ceW cegKÙe DeefleefLe keâes DeefYevevove
cenelcee peer Dehevee YeeJeer peerJeve ÙeneR cenelcee peer Dehevee Mes<e peerJeve ÙeneR DeefYevevove he$e Øeoeve efkeâÙee ieÙee~ he$e YeWš efkeâÙee ieÙee~
efyeleeSBies~ efyeleeSBies~
Yeejle efJekeâemeMeeueer osMe nw~ Yeejle efJekeâemeMeerue osMe nw~
cev$eer peer kesâ efveOeve mes DehetCe& #eefle cev$eer peer kesâ efveOeve mes DehetjCeerÙe #eefle
ngF& nw~ ngF& nw~ Deeheves veewkeâjer heeves keâe Skeâ DeÛÚe mebÙeesie Deeheves veewkeâjer heeves keâe Skeâ DeÛÚe
Kees efoÙee~ DeJemej Kees efoÙee~
efveosMekeâ cenesoÙe DelÙevle meKle nQ~ efveosMekeâ cenesoÙe yengle meKle nQ~
ceQ Deehekesâ Øeefleketâue kegâÚ Yeer veneR keântBiee~ ceQ Deehekesâ efJe®æ kegâÚ Yeer veneR keântBiee~ Jeeuceerefkeâ ves jeceeÙeCe keâer jÛevee efueKeer~ Jeeuceerefkeâ ves jeceeÙeCe keâer jÛevee keâer~
nce Deheves JeÛeve hej mLeeÙeer nQ~ nce Deheves JeÛeve hej ÂÌ{ nQ~ DevegMeemevenervelee Skeâ ienjer mecemÙee nw~ DevegMeemevenervelee Skeâ efJekeâš mecemÙee nw~
eãX {Z‘m©U H$s Aew{Õ`m± DeMegæ Megæ

efnvoer Yee<ee ceW MeyoeW keâe efvecee&Ce keâF& Øekeâej mes neslee nw~ efueKeles Je yeesueles meceÙe ceQ efkeâmeer DeeJeMÙekeâerÙe keâeÙe& mes yepeej ceQ efkeâmeer DeeJeMÙekeâ keâeÙe& mes yee]peej
peye nce Meyo efvecee&Ce mecyevOeer efveÙeceeW keâe Devegheeueve veneR keâjles lees JeneB Meyo ieÙee Lee~ ieÙee Lee~
efvecee&Ce mecyevOeer DeMegefæÙeeB Glhevve nes peeleer nQ~ Meyo efvecee&Ce keâer DeMegefæÙeeW kesâ ceQ Deehekeâer ÛeelegÙe&lee mes ØeYeeefJele ntB~ ceQ Deehekeâer Ûelegjlee mes ØeYeeefJele ntB~ DeLeJee
kegâÚ GoenjCe efvecveefueefKele nQ ceQ Deehekesâ ÛeelegÙe& mes ØeYeeefJele ntB~
DeMegæ Megæ dV©ZrJV Aew{Õ`m±
Yeejle meyemes yeÌ[e ueeskeâlebef$ekeâ osMe nw~ Yeejle meyemes yeÌ[e ueeskeâleeefv$ekeâ osMe nw~ Jele&veeriele DeMegefæÙeeB oes Øekeâej keâer nesleer nQ
mecemÙee keâe lelkeâeefuekeâ meceeOeeve keâjW~ mecemÙee keâe leelkeâeefuekeâ meceeOeeve keâjW~ 1. mJej mecyevOeer DeMegefæÙeeB Jes DeMegefæÙeeB pees yeesueles Je efueKeles meceÙe De,
efiejerMe peer ueyOeØeefleef…le veslee nQ~ efiejerMe peer ueyOeØeefle<" veslee nQ~ Dee, F, F&, G, T, S, Ss, Dees, Deew Deeefo efnvoer JeCe&ceeuee kesâ mJejeW mes
Fme Fceejle keâer Fefleneefmekeâlee Fme Fceejle keâer Ssefleneefmekeâlee mecyeefvOele nesleer nQ, mJej mecyevOeer DeMegefæÙeeB keânueeleer nQ~ mJej mecyevOeer
mebefoiOe nw~ mebefoiOe nw~ DeMegefæÙeeW kesâ kegâÚ GoenjCe efvecveefueefKele nQ
Deehekeâer ceveeskeâecevee hetjer nes~ Deehekeâer ceve:keâecevee hetjer nes~
DeMegæ Megæ
cenelcee peer ÙeeJeledpeerJeve keâeMeer ceW jns~ cenelcee peer ÙeeJeppeerJeve keâeMeer ceW jns~
cenble peer keâes DeeOÙeelce keâe DeÛÚe cenble peer keâes DeOÙeelce keâe DeÛÚe
mebiece leš hej efYeKeeefjÙeeW keâer mebiece leš hej efYeKeeefjÙeeW keâe yeenguÙe nw~ %eeve nw~ %eeve nw~
yeenguÙelee nw~
ßeæeceeved keâes ner %eeve keâer Øeeefhle ßeæeJeeved keâes ner %eeve keâer Øeeefhle ceneosefJe DeeOegveerkeâ Ùegie keâer ceerje nQ~ ceneosJeer DeeOegefvekeâ Ùegie keâer ceerje nQ~
nesleer nw~ nesleer nw~ cesje heefj#ee-hejCeece keâue Ieesef<ele nesiee~ cesje hejer#ee-heefjCeece keâue Ieesef<ele nesiee~
YeieJeeved ßeerke=â<Ce keâes Ùeesieerjepe keâne YeieJeeved ßeerke=â<Ce keâes Ùeesefiejepe keâne DeefnuÙee keâe Gæej jece ves efkeâÙee Lee~ DenuÙee keâe Gæej jece ves efkeâÙee Lee~
peelee nw~ peelee nw~ Oeesyeve Deheveer heÌ[esmeve kesâ yeÛÛeeW keâes hÙeej Oeesefyeve Deheveer heÌ[esefmeve kesâ yeÛÛeeW keâes
Gmekeâer yegefæceevelee mejenveerÙe nw~ Gmekeâer yegefæceòee/yegefæceeveer mejenveerÙe nw~ keâjves ueieer~ hÙeej keâjves ueieer~
DepeesOÙee eEmen GheeOÙeeÙe ‘njerDeewOe’ DeÙeesOÙee eEmen GheeOÙeeÙe ‘nefjDeewOe’ ßeeruebkeâe Yejle kesâ DeeOeerve Lee~ ßeeruebkeâe Yeejle kesâ DeOeerve Lee~
‘Jewosner JeveJeeme’ kesâ jÛeveekeâej nQ~ ‘Jewosner JeveJeeme’ kesâ jÛeveekeâej nQ~
Jeeuceerkeâer mebmke=âle kesâ DeeefokeâJeer ceeves Jeeuceerefkeâ mebmke=âle kesâ DeeefokeâefJe ceeves
efyeveÙe hele=keâe leguemeeroeme keâer œesm" efJeveÙe heef$ekeâe leguemeeroeme keâer ßes<" peeles nQ~ peeles nQ~
jÛevee nw~ jÛevee nw~
veejo Demceüefle ceW efyeOeJee keâes hegve&efyeÙeen ‘veejo mce=efle’ ceW efJeOeJee keâes hegvee|JeJeen efJeOeeSkeâ peer Deieeceer jefJeJeej keâes efJeOeeÙekeâ peer Deeieeceer jefJeJeej keâes
keâer Devegceefle oer ieF& nw~ keâer Devegceefle oer ieF& nw~ DeeSBies~ DeeSBies~
cesjer ØeLece vÙegefkeäle keâ<šce DeefOekeâejer cesjer ØeLece efveÙegefkeäle keâmšce DeefOekeâejer cesjer DeJeepe mebmeo ceW ietBpesieer~ cesjer DeeJee]pe mebmeo ceW ietBpesieer~
heo hej ngF& Leer~ heo hej ngF& Leer~ peye iejerye peiesiee leye ›eâevleer nesieer~ peye iejerye peeiesiee leye ›eâeefvle nesieer~
Devlemee&#Ùe kesâ DeeOeej hej metj pevceebOe Devle:mee#Ùe kesâ DeeOeej hej metj pevceebOe nesueer ceW ketâlee&-hepeecee henvetBiee~ nesueer ceW kegâlee&-heepeecee henvetBiee~
veneR Les~ veneR Les~
efoheeJeefue efnvogDeeW keâe ØecegKe oerheeJeueer efnvogDeeW keâe ØecegKe
GhevÙeemekeâej keâer peerJeveer yeefnmee&#Ùe GhevÙeemekeâej keâer peerJeveer yeefn:mee#Ùe lÙeewnj nw~ lÙeesnej nw~
hej DeeOeeefjle nw~ hej DeeOeeefjle nw~
cegPes jentue keâe helee ceeuegce nw~ cegPes jengue keâe helee ceeuetce nw~
Ùen Yeejle keâe DeeBleefjkeâ ceeceuee nw~ Ùen Yeejle keâe Deevleefjkeâ ceeceuee nw~
mJeeuecyeve hej ØeeCe efveÚeJej~ mJeeJeuecyeve hej ØeeCe efveÚeJej~ Gvekesâ leueeye ceW megvoj-megvoj Gvekesâ leeueeye ceW megvoj-megvoj
ceÚueerÙeeB nw~ ceÚefueÙeeB nQ~
efvemJeeLe& mesJee keâe Deevevo ner kegâÚ efve:mJeeLe& mesJee keâe Deevevo ner kegâÚ
Deewj nw~ Deewj nw~ yeoece keâe lesue lJeÛee Deewj yeeueew kesâ efueS yeeoece keâe lesue lJeÛee Deewj yeeueeW kesâ
Deehe cesjs efheleeJele hetpÙeveerÙe nQ~ Deehe cesjs efhele=Jele hetpeveerÙe nQ~ yentle ietCekeâjer nw~ efueS yengle iegCekeâejer nw~
yeBieuee, GefÌ[Ùee, Demeceer Deeefo ØeosefMekeâ yeBieuee, GefÌ[Ùee, Demeceer Deeefo ØeeosefMekeâ peheeve ceW Yegkeâche Deewj metveeceer mes peeheeve ceW Yetkeâche Deewj megveeceer mes
Yee<eeSB nQ~ Yee<eeSB nQ~ peve-Oeve keâer Yeejer #eleer ngF& nw~ peve-Oeve keâer Yeejer #eefle ngF& nw~
jeOee ke=âMeebefieveer yeeuee nw~ jeOee ke=âMeebieer yeeuee nw~ yeÛÛeeW ! legce GOece keäÙetB ceÛee yeÛÛeeW ! legce TOece keäÙeeW ceÛee
Fmekeâe GòejoeF& keâewve nw? Fmekeâe GòejoeÙeer keâewve nw? jns nes? jns nes?
Gve efoveeW ceQ heneCe hej mJemLelee ueeYe Gve efoveeW ceQ heneÌ[ hej mJeemLÙe ueeYe Yeejle mece=æMeeueer osMe nw~ Yeejle mece=efæMeeueer osMe nw~
he=ehle keâj jne Lee~ Øeehle keâj jne Lee~ GÅeewefiekeâ ›eâeefvle meJe&ØeLece Fiues[ ceW DeewÅeesefiekeâ ›eâeefvle meJe&ØeLece FbiuewC[ ceW
ØeeÙe: ueesie osefnkeâ megKe Ûeenles nQ~ ØeeÙe: ueesie owefnkeâ megKe Ûeenles nQ~ ngF& Leer~ ngF& Leer~
GheefjGkeäle JeekeäÙe keâer hegvej&Ûevee GheÙeg&keäle JeekeäÙe keâer hegve:jÛevee keâerefpeS~ keâeueeroeme keâer TheceeÙeW yespeesÌ[ nQ~ keâeefueoeme keâer GheceeSB yespeesÌ[ nQ~
keâerefpeS~ jlveJeefue, veeieevebo Deewj ØeerÙeoMe&keâe jlveeJeueer, veeieevebo Deewj efØeÙeoe|Mekeâe
Gvekeâer Yee<ee meue& Deewj megyeesOehetCe& nw~ Gvekeâer Yee<ee mejue Deewj megyeesOe nw~ ‘n<e&’ keâer jÛeveÙeW nQ~ ‘n<e&’ keâer jÛeveeSB nQ~
{hÝXr$ 117
DeMegæ Megæ DeMegæ Megæ

keâeceeSveer GÛÛe keâesšer keâe keâeJÙe nw~ keâeceeÙeveer GÛÛe keâesefš keâe keâeJÙe nw~ oueeF&ueecee DeOeeeflcekeâ Oece&-ieg® nQ~ oueeF&ueecee DeeOÙeeeflcekeâ Oece&-ieg® nQ~
ØeceeefCekeâ hegmlekeâeW keâe DeOÙeve keâjW~ ØeeceeefCekeâ hegmlekeâeW keâe DeOÙeÙeve keâjW~ Ùen keâce&Ûeejer-efnle hej kegâšejeIeele nw~ Ùen keâce&Ûeejer-efnle hej kegâ"ejeIeele nw~
yepeej mes DeeFvee ueeDees~ yee]peej mes DeeF&vee ueeDees~ efveyevOe ceW mebmeesOeve efkeâÙee nw~ efveyevOe ceW mebMeesOeve efkeâÙee nw~
cegPes mJeefveceeale efce"eF&Ùeeb hemevo nQ~ cegPes mJeefvee|cele efce"eFÙeeB hemevo nQ~ Deehekeâe meeceeve megjefÛÚle jnsiee~ Deehekeâe meeceeve megjef#ele jnsiee~
ieesheeue keâes heefj#ee ceW DeÛÚs DeBkeâ efceues~ ieesheeue keâes hejer#ee ceW DeÛÚs Debkeâ efceues~ yeeuekeâ yengle GÚ=bKeue nw~ yeeuekeâ yengle GÛÚ=bKeue nw~
iejeryeeW kesâ efueS efveMegukeâ efMe#ee efkeâ iejeryeeW kesâ efueS efve:Megukeâ efMe#ee keâer keâewJJee keâe@Je-keâe@Je keâjlee nw~ keâewDee keâeBJe-keâeBJe keâjlee nw~
JÙeJemLee nw~ JÙeJemLee nw~
Deehekeâe YeefJemÙe GppeJeue nes~ Deehekeâe YeefJe<Ùe GppJeue nes~
‘ÙeMeesOeje’ cewLeueerMejCe ieghle keâer ßes<" ‘ÙeMeesOeje’ cewefLeueerMejCe ieghle keâer ßes<"
jÛevee nw~ jÛevee nw~ ceelee-efhelee hetpÙeveerÙe nQ~ ceelee-efhelee hetpeveerÙe nQ~
efnvoer keâe JÙeJeneefjkeâ %eeve Dehesef#ele nw~ efnvoer keâe JÙeeJeneefjkeâ %eeve Dehesef#ele nw~ ogjyeemee $e+ef<e ves Mekegâvleuee keâes ßeehe ogJee&mee $e+ef<e ves Mekegâvleuee keâes Meehe
os efoÙee~ os efoÙee~
2. JÙebpeve mecyevOeer DeMegefæÙeeB Jes DeMegefæÙeeB pees yeesueles Je efueKeles meceÙe keâ, metÙe& Deewj he=LJeer kesâ heeBÛe-heeBÛe metÙe& Deewj he=LJeer kesâ heeBÛe-heeBÛe
Ke, ie, he, Heâ, Ùe, j, ue Deeefo efnvoer JeCe&ceeuee kesâ JÙebpeveeW mes mecyeefvOele heefjÙeeÙeJeeÛeer efueKeW~ heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer efueKeW~
nesleer nQ, JÙebpeve mecyevOeer DeMegefæÙeeB keânueeleer nQ~ JÙebpeve mecyevOeer DeMegefæÙeeW Dehevee kegâmeueÚsce DeJeMÙe efueKevee~ Dehevee kegâMeue#esce DeJeMÙe efueKevee~
kesâ kegâÚ GoenjCe efvecveefueefKele nQ
Gmekeâes ogmeeOÙe yeerceejer nw~ Gmekeâes ogmmeeOÙe yeerceejer nw~
DeMegæ Megæ mJeemLe kesâ efueS mJe#e peue DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ mJeemLÙe kesâ efueS mJeÛÚ peue DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~
Øeele: ØeeÌ[eÙeece keâjes~ Øeele: ØeeCeeÙeece keâjes~ mes"peer ieuues keâe JÙeesheej keâjles nQ~ mes"peer ieuues keâe JÙeeheej keâjles nQ~
ceQ legceejer F#ee hetjer keâ™Biee~ ceQ legcnejer FÛÚe hetjer keâ™Biee~ mevleesme keâe Heâue ceer"e neslee nw~ mevlees<e keâe Heâue ceer"e neslee nw~
Mejesyej ceW keâceue kesâ hegmhe efKeues nQ~ mejesJej ceW keâceue kesâ heg<he efKeues nQ~ veKeueT Gòej ØeosMe keâer jepÙeOeeveer nw~ ueKeveT Gòej ØeosMe keâer jepeOeeveer nw~
efnvoer Yee<ee keâe ßeesle mebm›eâle nw~ efnvoer Yee<ee keâe meÇesle mebmke=âle nw~ F&MJej meyekeâe YeeiÙe-efJeOeelee nw~
F&MJej meJekeâe Yeeie-efyeOeelee nw~
nceeje mebIešve cepeyetle nw~ nceeje mebie"ve ce]peyetle nw~
vesleepeer keâe ØeefleÉvoer DeeÙee nw~ vesleepeer keâe ØeefleÉvÉer DeeÙee nw~
meesnve peyejpemle Deeoceer nw~ meesnve ]peyejomle Deeoceer nw~
GvnW ÙeLes<" ueeYe efceuee~ GvnW ÙeLes<š ueeYe efceuee~
YeieJeeved Yee<keâj keâes ØeÌ[ece keâjes~ YeieJeeved Yeemkeâj keâes ØeCeece keâjes~
efnvoer mebIe keâer jepÙeYeemee nw~ efnvoer mebIe keâer jepeYee<ee nw~ ce"d"e Goj kesâ efueS ueeYekeâejer nw~ cešd"e Goj kesâ efueS ueeYekeâejer nw~
Jeefj<š DeefOekeâejer mes meche&keâ keâjes~ Jeefj<" DeefOekeâejer mes mecheke&â keâjes~ legceejer keâÛÚe ceW efkeâleves #ee$e nQ? legcnejer keâ#ee ceW efkeâleves Úe$e nQ?
nceW Dehevee DeeMeeaJeeo oW~ nceW Dehevee DeeMeerJee&o oW~ efveÙeceeW keâe GuebIeve ve keâjW~ efveÙeceeW keâe GuuebIeve ve keâjW~
Deehekeâe mJeemLe kewâmee nw? Deehekeâe mJeemLÙe kewâmee nw? ieerlee ves Deefive ØepeJeefuele efkeâÙee~ ieerlee ves Deefive ØepJeefuele keâer~
Deheveer meyo-meeceLe& yeÌ{eSB~ Deheveer Meyo-meeceLÙe& yeÌ{eSB~ cepeotjeW keâe MeesMeÌ[ ve keâjes~ cepeotjeW keâe Mees<eCe ve keâjes~
dñVw{ZîR>àíZ
1. efvecveebefkeâle ceW Megæ JeekeäÙe ÚeBefšS 10. (a) jece keâes DevegòeerCe& nesves keâer DeeMebkeâe nw~
(a) jsKee ves Yeespeve keâj ueer nw~ (b) jece keâes DevegòeerCe& nesves keâe Mekeâ nw~
(b) jsKee Yeespeve keâj ueer nw~ (c) pebieue ceW Øeele:keâeue kesâ meceÙe yengle megneJevee ÂMÙe neslee nw~
(c) jsKee Yeespeve keâj ueer~ (d) cesjs mes cele hetÚes~
(d) jsKee ves Yeespeve efkeâÙee nw~
11. (a) yevotkeâ Skeâ GheÙeesieer Dem$e nw~ (b) Ùen cesje hegmlekeâ nw~
2. mener JeekeäÙe nw (c) FvnW Skeâ heg$e nw~ (d) Yeejle ceW DeveskeâeW peeefleÙeeB nQ~
(a) meerlee ves Deheveer mensefueÙeeW keâes yegueeF&~
12. (a) jeefieveer Deheves Deehe Ûeueer ieF&~ (b) jeefieveer Kego Ûeueer ieF&~
(b) meerlee ves Deheveer mensefueÙeeW keâes yegueeF&~
(c) jeefieveer Deheves mes ner Ûeueer ieF&~ (d) jeefieveer Deehekesâ Deehe Ûeueer ieF&~
(c) meerlee ves Deheveer mensefueÙeeW keâes yegueeS~
(d) meerlee ves Deheveer mensefueÙeeW keâes yegueeÙee~ 13. (a) Deeheves Deehekesâ Iej peeSB~ (b) Deehe ner Deehekesâ Iej peeSB~
(c) Deehe Deheves Iej peeSB~ (d) Deehe Deehekeâer Iej peeSB~
3. efvecveefueefKele ceW keâewve-mee JeekeäÙe DeMegæ nw?
(a) Ùen Skeâ iecYeerj mecemÙee nw~ 14. Megæ JeekeäÙe ÚeBefšS
(b) cegPes yeÌ[er YetKe ueieer nw~ (a) vesleepeer keâes Deepe JeneB peevee nw~ (b) vesleepeer ves Deepe JeneB peevee nw~
(c) ceQves jece mes hetÚe~ (c) Deepe JeneB vesleepeer ves peevee nw~
(d) Jen Iej ieÙee (d) JeneB Deepe vesleepeer ves peevee nw~
4. mener JeekeäÙe keäÙee nw? efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 15-18) ØeMveeW ceW efoS ieS JeekeäÙeeW ceW mes Megæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve
(a) Jen meØeceeCe meefnle Deheveer yeele yeleeSiee~ keâerefpeS~
(b) Jen ØeceeCe meefnle Deheveer yeele yeleeSiee~
(c) Jen meØeceeCe kesâ meeLe Deheveer yeele yeleeSiee~ 15. (a) ceQves lesjs keâes yeesuee Lee~ (b) ceQves legcekeâes keâne Lee~
(d) Jen ØeceeCe kesâ meefnle Deheveer yeele yeleeSiee~ (c) ceQves legcemes keâne Lee~ (d) ceQves lesjs mes keâne Lee~
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 5-8) ØeMveeW ceW Ûeej JeekeäÙeeW ceW leerve $egefšhetCe& nQ~ $egefšjefnle 16. (a) Deepe yesno ieceea nw~ (b) Deepe yesMegceej ieceea nw~
(c) Deepe DeefOekeâ iejceer nw~ (d) Deepe DeveeefOekeâ iejceer nw~
JeekeäÙe ÚeBškeâj Gmes efÛeefÖle keâjW~
5. (a) Skeâ ieerleeW keâer hegmlekeâ uee oerefpeS~ 17. (a) ceQ cesje keâece keâjlee ntB~
(b) Skeâ ieerle keâer hegmlekeâ uee oerefpeS~
(b) ceQ cesjer keâece keâjlee ntB~
(c) ieerleeW keâer Skeâ hegmlekeâ uee oerefpeS~
(c) ceQ Dehegve keâe keâece keâjlee ntB~
(d) ieerleeW keâer Skeâ hegmlekeWâ uee oerefpeS~
(d) ceQ Dehevee keâece keâjlee nBt~
6. (a) ceQ hetjer jele ceW peeielee jne~ 18. (a) Heâue yeÛÛes keâes keâeškeâj efKeueeDees~
(b) ceQ meejer jele peeielee jne~ (b) yeÛÛes keâes keâeškeâj Heâue efKeueeDees~
(c) ceQ meejer jele Yej peeielee jne~ (c) yeÛÛes keâes Heâue keâeškeâj efKeueeDees~
(d) ceQ hetjer jele Yej peeielee jne~ (d) keâeškeâj Heâue yeÛÛes keâes efKeueeDees~
7. (a) peye lekeâ ceQ ve DeeTB Gme meceÙe leye legce heÌ{les jnvee~ 19. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes DeMegæ JeekeäÙe nw
(b) peye lekeâ ceQ veneR DeeTB leye lekeâ legce heÌ{les jnvee~ (a) JeneB yengle mes heMeg Deewj he#eer GÌ[les Deewj Ûejles ngS efoKeeF& efoS~
(c) peye lekeâ ceQ veneR DeeTB Gme meceÙe lekeâ legce heÌ{les jnveeb (b) osMe Yej ceW Ùen yeele hewâue ieF&~
(d) peye lekeâ ceQ ve DeeTB leye lekeâ legce heÌ{les jnvee~ (c) yeeIe Deewj yekeâjer Skeâ Ieeš hej heeveer heerles nQ~
(d) ve peeves efkeâleves peerJe hewoe nesles nQ~
8. (a) Ùen keâece ceQ DeemeeveerhetJe&keâ keâj mekeâlee ntB~
(b) Ùen keâece ceQ Deemeeveer kesâ meeLe keâj mekeâlee ntB~ 20. JeekeäÙe Megæ nw
(c) Ùen keâece ceQ Deemeeveer meefnle keâj mekeâlee ntB~ (a) ceesnve Deewj ieerlee iee jner nw (b) ieerlee Deewj ceesnve iee jne nw
(d) Ùen keâece ceQ Deemeeveer mes keâj mekeâlee ntB~ (c) ceesnve Deewj ieerlee iee jns nQ (d) ceesnve Deewj ieerlee iee jner nw
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 9-14) efvecveefueefKele ØeMveeW ceW keâewve-mee JeekeäÙe Megæ nw? 21. ‘Gmes ce=lÙegoC[ keâer mepee efceueer’ Øemlegle JeekeäÙe keâer DeMegefæ mhe<š keâjW
(a) mebmke=âle kesâ MeyoeW keâes ØeÙeesie ngDee nw~
9. (a) Jen meye ueesie Yeues nQ~
(b) efJeosMeer Meyo ‘mepee’ keâe ØeÙeesie ngDee nw~
(b) YeerÌ[ ceW Ûeej peÙehegj kesâ JÙeefkeäle Les~
(c) oC[ Deewj mepee meceeveeLeea MeyoeW keâe ØeÙeesie ngDee nw~
(c) ceveg<Ùe F&MJej keâer Glke=â<šlece ke=âefle nw~
(d) keâesF& DeMegefæÙeeB veneR nw~
(d) Jen meejs ieghle jnmÙe Øekeâš keâj osiee~
{hÝXr$ 119
22. efoS ieS JeekeäÙeeW ceW keâewve-mee JeekeäÙe meJee&efOekeâ mener nw? 31. DeekeâeMe ceW/yeeoue/iejpee jns nQ/keâesF& $egefš veneR
(a) ÙeÅeefhe legce Depeveyeer nes, hejvleg ceQ legcnW Dehevee ceevelee nBt~ (a) DeekeâeMe ceW (b) yeeoue
(b) ÙeÅeefhe legce Depeveyeer nes, ceQ legcnW Dehevee ceevelee nBt~ (c) iejpee jns nQ (d) keâesF& $egefš veneR
(c) ÙeÅeefhe legce Depeveyeer nes, efkeâvleg ceQ legcnW Dehevee ceevelee nBt~
32. efJeÅeeueÙe ceW/peueheeve keâes/Gòece ØeyevOe nw/keâesF& $egefš veneR~
(d) ÙeÅeefhe legce Depeveyeer nes, leLeeefhe ceQ legcnW Dehevee ceevelee nBt~
(a) efJeÅeeueÙe ceW (b) peueheeve keâes
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 23-25) efvecveefueefKele JeekeäÙeeW kesâ efpeme DebMe ceW $egefš nw Gmekeâe (c) Gòece ØeyevOe nw (d) keâesF& $egefš veneR nw
ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ 33. cegPes/jsueieeÌ[er ceW Ùee$ee keâjvee/DeÛÚer ueieleer nw/keâesF& $egefš veneR
23. yegje-mes-yegje JÙeefkeäle Yeer mecceeve Deewj ØeMebmee heevee Ûeenlee nw (a) cegPes~ (b) jsueieeÌ[er ceW Ùee$ee keâjvee~
(a) mecceeve Deewj ØeMebmee~ (b) yegje-mes-yegje JÙeefkeäle Yeer~ (c) DeÛÚer ueieleer nw~ (d) keâesF& $egefš veneR~
(c) keâesF& $egefš veneR~ (d) heevee Ûeenlee nw~ 34. keâewve-mee JeekeäÙe DeMegæ nw?
24. Meer<e&keâ keâes ÛeÙeve keâjles meceÙe DeJelejCe ceW efveefnle YeeJeeW Deewj efJeÛeejeW keâer (a) meeefnlÙe Deewj peerJeve keâe DeefYevve mecyevOe nw~
hejKe keâj uesveer ÛeeefnS~ (b) ßeerke=â<Ce kesâ DeveskeâeW veece nQ~
(a) DeJelejCe ceW efveefnle~ (c) nceejs efMe#ekeâ ØeMve keâjles nQ~
(b) keâesF& $egefš veneR~ (d) Ùen keâece Deehe hej efveYe&j nw~
(c) YeeJeeW Deewj efJeÛeejeW keâer hejKe keâj uesveer ÛeeefnS~ 35. ceQ legcnejs Iej DeeÙee, efkeâvleg legce efceues veneR Les~ DeMegæ JeekeäÙe keâe Megæ ™he
(d) Meer<e&keâ keâes ÛeÙeve keâjles meceÙe~ yeleueeFS~
25. Kegues ngS Yeespeve hej ceefkeäKeÙeeB nj #eCe efYeveefYeveeleer ngF& jnleer nQ~ (a) ceQ legcnejs Iej DeeÙee; hej legce Les veneR
(a) efYeveefYeveeleer ngF& jnleer nQ (b) ceQ legcnejs Iej ieÙee efkeâ legce veneR efceues
(b) Kegues ngS Yeespeve hej (c) ceQ legcnejs Iej DeeÙee; Deewj legce, JeneB veneR Les
(c) keâesF& $egefš veneR (d) ceQ legcnejs Iej ieÙee; hej legce JeneB veneR Les
(d) ceefkeäKeÙeeB nj #eCe
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 36-40) efvecveefueefKele ØeMve ceW leerve JeekeäÙeebMe efoS ieS nQ~ $egefš
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 26-27) efoS ieS JeekeäÙeeW ceW jsKeebefkeâle KeC[ keâes ØeeflemLeeefhele Jeeues JeekeäÙeebMe keâes ÛegefveS Deewj Gmekesâ Deveg¤he (a), (b), (c) hej efÛeÖ ueieeFS~
keâjves kesâ efueS meyemes GheÙegkeäle efJekeâuhe keâe ÛeÙeve keâjW~ Ùeefo JeekeäÙe $egefšnerve nes, lees (d) hej efÛeÖ ueieeFS~
26. pewmes ner ceQves Mesj osKee, [j kesâ ceejs cesje lees ØeeCe efvekeâue ieÙee~ 36. (a) ‘jeceÛeefjleceeveme’ Yeefkeälekeâeue (b) keâer meyemes ßes<"lece
(c) jÛevee ceeveer peeleer nw~ (d) keâesF& $egefš veneR
(a) cesje lees ØeeCe efvekeâue ieF&~ (b) ØeeCe cesjs lees efvekeâue ieS~
(c) cesjs lees ØeeCe efvekeâue ieÙee~ (d) cesjs lees ØeeCe efvekeâue ieS~ 37. (a) "C[ kesâ efoveeW ceW (b) Øeele:keâeue kesâ meceÙe
(c) meoea keâeheâer yeÌ{ peeleer nw~ (d) keâesF& $egefš veneR
27. cesjs oeoepeer keâer efÛe$e yengle hegjevee nw~ Ùen efÛe$e cegPes yengle efØeÙe nw~
(a) oeoepeer keâe efÛe$e yengle hegjevee nw~ 38. (a) peye ceesnve meYee mLeue (b) hej henBgÛee leye meYee
(c) efJemepe&ve nes Ûegkeâer Leer~ (d) keâesF& $egefš veneR
(b) oeoepeer keâer efÛe$e yengle hegjeveer nw~
(c) oeoepeer keâe efÛe$e yengle hegjeveer nw~ 39. (a) ceQ efpeme yeme mes (b) pee jne Lee Jen
(c) yengle Yejer ngF& Leer (d) keâesF& $egefš veneR
(d) efÛe$e yengle hegjevee oeoepeer keâes nw~
40. (a) Gmeves efueKee Lee efkeâ (b) Gmekeâer ogkeâeve hej Megæ ieeÙe
28. keâewve-mee JeekeäÙe Megæ nw? (c) keâe Ieer efceuelee nw~ (d) keâesF& $egefš veneR
(a) KesleeW ceW uecyes-uecyes Ieeme Gie DeeS~
(b) hejMegjece keâer ›eâesOeeefive ves #eef$eÙeeW keâes peuee efoÙee~ 41. mener ™he nw
(c) ieefueÙeeW keâes ÛeewÌ[e keâjvee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw~ (a) efheleepeer cegPes kegâÚ ®heÙes efoS~
(d) Je=#eeW hej keâesÙeue ketâkeâ jner nw~ (b) efheleepeer ves cegPes kegâÚ ®heÙee efoS~
(c) efheleepeer ves cegPes kegâÚ ®heÙes efoS~
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 29-33) efvecveefueefKele JeekeäÙeeW kesâ efpeme Yeeie ceW $egefš nw Gmekeâe (d) efheleepeer ves cegPes kegâÚ ®heÙee efoS~
ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
42. mener ™he nw
29. Meeruee/DemJemLe nesves kesâ efueS/Deepe efJeÅeeueÙe veneR ieF&/keâesF& $egefš veneR (a) Gvekesâ heeme yengle meesves nQ~ (b) Gvekesâ heeme yengle meesvee nQ~
(a) Meeruee~ (b) DemJemLe nesves kesâ efueS~ (c) Gvekesâ heeme yengle meesvee nw~ (d) Gvekesâ heeme yengle meesves nw~
(c) Deepe efJeÅeeueÙe veneR ieF&~ (d) keâesF& $egefš veneR~
43. Megæ JeekeäÙe ÚeBefšS
30. meÌ[keâ ceW/yeeefjMe keâe heeveer/Yej ieÙee nw/keâesF& $egefš veneR (a) Deepe jefJeJeej keâe efove nw~
(a) meÌ[keâ ceW (b) keâue jefJeJeej keâe efove Lee~
(b) yeeefjMe keâe heeveer (c) jefJeJeej keâe efove yengle cepesoej neslee nw~
(c) Yej ieÙee nw~ (d) jefJeJeej keâes nce efove ceW efmevescee osKeles nQ~
(d) keâesF& $egefš veneR
44. Megæ JeekeäÙe ÚeBefšS 55. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Megæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(a) efheÚues meesceJeej keâes mketâue yevo nw~ (a) meerOeer uekeâerj KeeRÛevee yengle keâef"ve nw~
(b) efheÚues meesceJeej keâes mketâue yevo jnsiee~ (b) pebkeâ hetâ[ mes ceesšehee yeÌ{leer nw~
(c) efheÚues meesceJeej keâes mketâue yevo nesvee nw~ (c) nje hesÌ[ Dee@keämeerpeve osles nQ~
(d) efheÚues meesceJeej keâes mketâue yevo Lee~ (d) cesjs Iej ceW legcnejer mJeeiele nw~
45. Fme JeekeäÙe kesâ DeMegæ Yeeie keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS 56. efoS ieS JeekeäÙe ceW jsKeebefkeâle KeC[ keâes ØeeflemLeeefhele keâjves kesâ efueS meyemes
(a) leg<šerkeâjCe keâjves keâer (b) veerefle Dehevee keâj GheÙegkeäle efJekeâuhe keâe ÛeÙeve keâjW~ JekeäleeDeeW ves ßeesleeDeeW keâer ceve ceesn
(c) ve lees JÙeefkeäle Deeies yeÌ{ mekeâlee nw (d) Deewj ve je<š^ Deeies yeÌ{ mekeâlee nw efueÙee~
46. ‘ceQ Flevee ceer"e ÛeeÙe veneR heer mekeâlee’ Fme JeekeäÙe ceW oes<e nw (a) ßeesleeDeeW keâes ceve ceesn efueÙee~
(a) DeefvJeefle keâe (b) heo›eâce keâe (b) ßeesleeDeeW kesâ ceve ceesn efueÙee~
(c) ef›eâÙee keâe (d) meJe&veece keâe (c) ßeesleeDeeW keâe ceve ceesn efueÙee~
(d) ßeesleeDeeW mes ceve ceesn efueÙee~
47. ‘ceQves Ùen kegâmeea meew ®heÙes keâer Kejeroer nw’ Fme JeekeäÙe ceW oes<e nw
(a) efJeMes<eCe keâe (b) ef›eâÙee keâe 57. efoS ieS JeekeäÙe keâe Jen Yeeie %eele keâjW efpemeceW keâesF& $egefš nw~ Yeejle keâer
(c) hejmeie& keâe (d) ef›eâÙee-efJeMes<eCe keâe mebmke=âefle ke=â<ekeâ-mebmke=âefle nw Deewj YeejleerÙe efkeâmeeve yeÌ[e keâ"esjlee peerJeve
peerlee nw~
48. Fme JeekeäÙe kesâ DeMegæ Yeeie keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS (a) Yeejle keâer mebmke=âefle~ (b) ke=â<ekeâ-mebmke=âefle nw~
(a) pees m$eer Deheveer (b) veewkeâjer keâes heefjJeej mes (c) Deewj YeejleerÙe efkeâmeeve (d) yeÌ[e keâ"esjlee peerJeve peerlee nw~
(c) DeefOekeâ cenòJe osleer nw (d) Jen efJeJeen veneR keâjleer
58. ‘veew yepeves keâes ome efceveš nw~’ Fme JeekeäÙe keâe Megæ ¤he keäÙee nesiee?
49. Megæ JeekeäÙe ÚeBefšS (a) veew yepe keâj ome efceveš nw~ (b) veew yepeves ceW ome efceveš nw~
(a) uenjeles Kesle njs-Yejs (b) njs-Yejs uenjeles Kesle
(c) veew yepeves lekeâ ome efceveš nw~ (d) veew yepeves hej ome efceveš nw~
(c) Kesle njs-Yejs uenjeles (d) njs uenjeles Kesle Yejs
59. ‘hesÌ[eW hej cewvee yew"er nw’ Fme JeekeäÙe keâe Megæ ¤he keäÙee nesiee?
50. Megæ JeekeäÙe ÚeBefšS (a) hesÌ[ hej cewvee yew"er nw~ (b) hesÌ[eW hej cewvee yew"s nw~
(a) Gmekeâer DeeÙeg leerme Je<e& nw Fme meceÙe
(c) hesÌ[eW hej cewveeW yew"er nw~ (d) hesÌ[eW ceW cewvee yew"er nw~
(b) Fme meceÙe Gmekeâer DeJemLee leerme Je<e& nw
(c) leerme Je<e& keâer DeJemLee nw Fme meceÙe Gmekeâer 60. ‘kebâÛeve Skeâ ke=âMebefieveer ÙegJeleer nw~’ Fme JeekeäÙe ceW keâewve-meer DeMegefæ nw?
(d) Fme meceÙe leerme Je<e& keâer DeJemLee nw Gmekeâer (a) Meyo ÛeÙeve mecyevOeer DeMegefæ~ (b) Jele&veeriele DeMegefæ~
(c) JÙeekeâjCe DeMegefæ~ (d) Meyo-efvecee&Ce keâer DeMegefæ~
51. Megæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(a) ceOÙekeâeueerve Ùegie ceW keâueeDeeW keâer yengle Gvveefle ngF&~ 61. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Megæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(b) meenye ves efkeâmeer keâes Devoj ve peeves efoÙee peeS~ (a) yeeue hekeâ peeves mes keâesF& DevegYeJeer veneR nes peelee~
(c) Fme ceesnve keâer DeeÙeg 20 Je<e& nw~ (b) yeeue hekeâ peeves mes ueesie DevegYeJeer nes peelee nw~
(d) Jes Ûeens Yeues ner ve DeeSB, hej legcnW Deevee nesiee~ (c) yeeue hekeâ peeves mes ner ueesie DevegYeJeer neslee nw~
(d) yeeue hekeâ peeves mes ueesieeW keâe DevegYeJe yeÌ{les nw~
52. Megæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(a) Fme «evLe keâe efvecee&Ce leguemeeroeme ves efkeâÙee~ 62. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Megæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(b) meceepe keâer Jele&ceeve efoMee efÛevleepevekeâ nw~ (a) ke=âheÙee keâjkesâ Kegues hewmes oW~
(c) ceQves lejn-lejn kesâ jsMece kesâ keâheÌ[s hemevo efkeâS~ (b) ke=âheÙee Kegues hewmes osves keâer ke=âhee keâjW~
(c) ke=âheÙee Kegues hewmes oW~
(d) legcnejer Âef<š legcnejer hegmlekeâ hej nesveer ÛeeefnS~
(d) ke=âheÙee keâjkesâ Kegues hewmes osves keâer ke=âhee keâjW~
53. Megæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS 63. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Megæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(a) ceelee-efhelee keâer Megßet<ee keâjveer ÛeeefnS~ (a) efÛeefÌ[Ùee ves oveeove heeBÛe oevee Ûegie ieF&~
(b) legheâeve Deeves keâe mevosn nw~ (b) efÛeefÌ[Ùee oveeove heeBÛeeW oeves Ûegie ieF&~
(c) Deveskeâ efvejhejeOe oC[ kesâ Yeeieer ngS~ (c) efÛeefÌ[Ùee oveeove heeBÛe oevee Ûegie efueS~
(d) Fmekesâ cee$e oes keâejCe nes mekeâles nQ~ (d) efÛeefÌ[Ùee oveeove heeBÛe oevee Ûegie ieF&~
54. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Megæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS 64. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Megæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(a) ievoe heeveer Gyeeuekeâj efheSB~ (a) Yeejle ceW ÛebõÙeeve-2 uee@vÛe keâer nw~
(b) heÌ[esmeer ves cegPes mJelev$elee efoJeme keâer yeOeeF& efoÙee~ (b) Yeejle ves ÛebõÙeeve-2 ueeBvÛe keâer nw~
(c) Ùecegvee keâe heeveer ievoe Deewj Øeotef<ele nw~ (c) Yeejle ves ÛebõÙeeve-2 uee@vÛe efkeâS nQ~
(d) yeÛÛee ueesie ef›eâkesâš Kesuelee nw~ (d) Yeejle ves ÛebõÙeeve-2 uee@vÛe efkeâÙee nw~
{hÝXr$ 121
65. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Megæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS 74. Fme ueÌ[keâer ves oner efieje oer~
(a) yeleKeeW keâe PegC[ heeveer ceW lewj jne Lee~ (a) Fme ueÌ[keâer ves oner efieje efoÙee~
(b) yeleKeeW kesâ PegC[ heeveer ceW lewj jne Lee~ (b) Fme ueÌ[keâer keâe oner efieje efoÙee~
(c) yeleKeeW keâe PegC[ heeveer ceW lewj jns Les~ (c) Fme ueÌ[keâer keâer oner efieje efoÙee~
(d) yeleKeeW keâe PegC[ heeveer ceW lewjles Les~ (d) Fme ueÌ[keâer mes oner efieje oer~
66. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Megæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS 75. DeeBmet mes DeeBÛeue Yeerie ieF&~
(a) veefoÙeeW kesâ heeefveÙeeW mes efmebÛeeF& keâer peeleer nw~ (a) DeeBmegDeeW mes DeeBÛeue Yeerie ieÙee~
(b) veefoÙeeW kesâ heeefveÙeeW mes efmebÛeeFÙeeB keâer peeleer nw~ (b) DeeBmet mes DeeBÛeue Yeerie ieÙee~
(c) veefoÙeeW kesâ heeveer mes efmebÛeeFÙeeB keâer peeleer nw~ (c) DeeBmegDeeW mes DeeBÛeue Yeerie ieF&~
(d) veefoÙeeW kesâ heeveer mes efmebÛeeF& keâer peeleer nw~ (d) DeeBmet mes DeeBÛeueW Yeerie ieF&~
67. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Skeâ Megæ JeekeäÙe nw, Jen nw 76. keâceje ueesieeW mes ueyeeueye Yeje nw~
(a) ØelÙeskeâ efJeÅeeLeea keâes ÛeeefnS efkeâ Jen efnvoer keâer Deveskeâ hegmlekeWâ heÌ{s~ (a) keâceje ueesieeW mes "mee"me Yeje nw~
(b) njskeâ efJeÅeeLeea keâes ÛeeefnS efkeâ Jen efnvoer keâer Deveskeâ hegmlekeWâ heÌ{s~ (b) keâcejs ceW ueesie Yejs nQ~
(c) njskeâ efJeÅeeLeea keâes ÛeeefnS efkeâ Jen efnvoer keâer DeveskeâeW hegmlekeWâ heÌ{s~ (c) keâceje ueesieeW mes Yejhetj nw~
(d) njskeâ efJeÅeee|LeÙeeW keâes ÛeeefnS efkeâ Jen efnvoer keâer DeveskeâeW hegmlekeWâ (d) keâcejs ceW ueesie ueyeeueye nQ~
heÌ{s~ 77. cesjs keâeuee yekeâjer ceer"e otOe osles nQ~
68. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Skeâ JeekeäÙe DeMegæ nw, Jen nw (a) cesjs keâeuee yekeâjer ceer"er otOe osleer nw~
(a) ceesnve iesntB efhemeJeeves Ûekeäkeâer hej ieÙee nw~ (b) cesjer keâeueer yekeâjer ceer"e otOe osleer nw~
(b) efveo&Ùe JÙeefkeäle mes efce$elee veneR keâjveer ÛeeefnS~ (c) cesjs keâeuee yekeâjer ceer"e otOe osles nQ~
(c) Gmekesâ Iej kesâ heeme Skeâ efce"eF& keâer ogkeâeve nw~ (d) cesjs keâeueer yekeâjer ceer"er otOe osles nQ~
(d) Ghejeskeäle keâLeve DemelÙe nw~
78. ceQves jesšer KeeÙee~
69. efvecveefueefKele JeekeäÙeeW ceW Megæ JeekeäÙe nw (a) ceQves jesšer KeeÙeer~ (b) ceQves jesšer keâes KeeÙee~
(a) cegPemes Ùen keâece mecYeJe veneR nes mekeâlee~ (c) ceQ jesšer KeeÙee~ (d) ceQ jesšer KeeÙeer~
(b) Jen efyeukegâue Yeer yeele veneR keâjvee Ûeenlee~ 79. JeneB Yeejer-Yejkeâce YeerÌ[ pecee Leer~
(c) Ùen keâefJelee Deveskeâ YeeJe Øekeâš keâjleer nw~ (a) JeneB Yeejer YeerÌ[ pecee Leer~
(d) Fve oesveeW ceW kesâJeue Ùener Devlej nw~
(b) JeneB Yejkeâce YeerÌ[ pecee Leer~
70. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes Skeâ JeekeäÙe Megæ nw, Jen nww (c) JeneB YeerÌ[ Yeejer-Yejkeâce Leer~
(a) Fmekesâ yeeJepeto Yeer ncemes efnvoer efueKeves ceW yengle Yetue nes peeleer nw~ (d) JeneB keâer YeerÌ[ Yeejer-Yejkeâce Leer~
(b) Fmekesâ yeeJepeto Yeer ncemes efnvoer efueKeves ceW yengle YetueW nes peeleer nQ~
(c) Fmekesâ yeeJepeto Yeer nce ueesieeW mes efnvoer efueKeves ceW yengle Yetue nes 80. Ùen hegmlekeWâ efkeâmekeâer nQ ?
peeleer nw~ (a) Ùes hegmlekeWâ efkeâmekeâer nQ?
(d) Fmekesâ yeeJepeto nce ueesieeW mes efnvoer efueKeves ceW yengle YetueW nes peeleer nQ~ (b) Ùen hegmlekeâ efkeâmekeâe nw?
(c) Ùes hegmlekeWâ efkeâmekeâe nw?
71. DeMegæ JeekeäÙe keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ (d) Ùen hegmlekeâ efkeâmekesâ nQ?
(a) hegefueme Éeje [ekegâDeeW keâe heerÚe efkeâÙee ieÙee~
(b) osMe keâer Jele&ceeve ceewpetoe neueele "erkeâ veneR nw~ 81. Fmekesâ yeeo Jes Jeeheme ueewš DeeÙes~
(c) ceQ hegmlekeâeueÙe ceW efvelÙe meceÙe hej hengBÛelee ntB~ (a) Fmekesâ yeeo Jes ueewš DeeÙes~
(d) legce efÛevlee ve keâjeW, ceQ keâesF& ve keâesF& jemlee efvekeâeuetBiee~ (b) Fmekesâ yeeo Jen Jeeheme ueewš DeeÙes~
(c) Fmekesâ yeeo Jen ueewš Jeeheme DeeÙee~
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 72-96) efvecveefueefKele ØelÙeskeâ JeekeäÙe kesâ veerÛes Ûeej efJekeâuhe (d) Jen Fmekesâ yeeo Jeeheme ueewše~
efoÙes ieS nQ, GveceW keâesF& Skeâ efJekeâuhe Gkeäle JeekeäÙe keâe Megæ ™he nw, Gmekeâe
ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~ 82. FOej Deepekeâue Yeü<šeÛeej yengle nw~
(a) Yeü<šeÛeej FOej Deepekeâue yengle nw~
72. Deheves neLe mes mJeÙeb keâece keâjes~ (b) Deepekeâue Yeü<šeÛeej FOej yengle nw~
(a) Dehevee keâece mJeÙeb keâjes~ (b) Deheves mes Dehevee keâece keâjes~ (c) Deepekeâue Yeü<šeÛeej yengle nw~
(c) mJeÙeb mes keâece keâjes~ (d) neLe mes Dehevee keâece keâjes~ (d) FOej Deepekeâue yengle Yeü<šeÛeej nw~
73. nceejs veekeâ ceW oce nes ieÙeer nw~ 83. Fmekeâer JeemleefJekeâ keâejCe keäÙee nw?
(a) nceejer veekeâ ceW oce nes ieÙeer nw~ (a) Fmekeâe JeemleefJekeâ keâejCe keäÙee nw ?
(b) nceejs veekeâ ceW oce nes ieÙee nw~ (b) FmeceW JeemleefJekeâ keâejCe keäÙee nw ?
(c) veekeâ ceW oce nes ieÙeer nw~ (c) Fmemes JeemleefJekeâ keâejCe keäÙee nw ?
(d) nce keâes veekeâ ceW oce keâj efoÙee nw~ (d) Fmekeâes JeemleefJekeâ keâejCe keäÙee nw ?
84. DeeYeejer nce meoe jnWies~ 94. Deefveue Úle ceW ieÙee~
(a) nce meoe DeeYeejer jnWies~ (a) Deefveue Úle hej ieÙee~
(b) nce DeeYeejer meoe jnWies~ (b) Deefveue ves Úle hej ieÙee~
(c) meoe nce DeeYeejer jnWies~ (c) Deefveue Úle keâes ieÙee~
(d) meoe DeeYeejer nce jnWies~ (d) Deefveue Úle mes ieÙee~
85. veefoÙeeW yen jner nw~ 95. nce Deehemes keâne Lee~
(a) nce Deehekeâes keâne Lee~
(a) veefoÙeeB yen jner nQ~ (b) veefoDeeW yen jner nw~ (b) nceves Deehemes keâne Lee~
(c) veefoSB yen jner nw~ (d) veefoÙee yen jner nw~ (c) nce Deehekeâes yeesuee Lee~
86. ueÌ[efkeâÙeeB keâes peeves oes~ (d) nceves Deehemes yeesuee Lee~
(a) ueÌ[efkeâÙeeW keâes peeves oes~ 96. ceQves mketâue peevee nw~
(b) ueÌ[efkeâDeeB keâes peeves oes~ (a) ceQ mketâue peevee nw~ (b) cegPes mketâue peevee nw~
(c) ueÌ[efkeâÙee keâes peeves oes~ (c) mketâue cegPes peevee nw~ (d) ncekeâes mketâue peevee nw~
(d) ueÌ[keâerÙeeW keâes peeves oes~
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 97-113) efvecveefueefKele ØeMveeW ceW efoÙes ieS JeekeäÙeeW kesâ (a, b,
87. Pet"e ieJeener cele osvee~ c, d) Ûeej KeC[ nQ~ efpeme KeC[ keâer $egefš mes JeekeäÙe DeMegæ nw, Gmes efÛeefÖle
(a) Pet"e ieJeener osvee cele~ (b) Pet"er ieJeener cele osvee~ keâjW~ Ùeefo JeekeäÙe ceW keâesF& $egefš veneR nw lees Gòej (d) efÛeefvnle keâjW~
(c) Pet" ieJeener cele osvee~ (d) Pet"er ieJeen cele osvee~
97. GmeJesâ ØeeCe G[ ieÙee ~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR ~
88. yeÛeheve mes nceves efnvoer yeesuee nw~ (a) (b) (c) (d)
(a) yeÛeheve mes nceves efnvoer yeesueer nw~
(b) nceves efnvoer yeÛeheve mes yeesuee nw~ 98. ueppee veejer keâer DeeYet<eCe nw~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
(c) nceves yeÛeheve mes efnvoer keâes yeesuee nw~ (a) (b) (c) (d)
(d) yeÛeheve mes yeesuee efnvoer ceW nw~
99. jcesMe Deewj megjsMe Kesueves peelee nw~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
89. Gmeves veewkeâjer ÚesÌ[ efoÙee~ (a) (b) (c) (d)
(a) Gmeves veewkeâjer ÚesÌ[ oer~
100. efmeæeLe& ves IeeÙeue he#eer keâe mesJee efkeâÙee~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
(b) Gmekeâer veewkeâjer ÚesÌ[ efoÙee~
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(c) Gmeves veewkeâjer ÚesÌ[ ner oer~
(d) Jen veewkeâjer ÚesÌ[ efoÙee~ 101. Deeueeskeâ keâe JÙeefkeälelJe Meeveoej nw~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
90. jsKee megvoj iegCeeW mes Ùegkeäle nw~ (a) (b) (c) (d)
(a) jsKee megvojlece iegCeeW mes Ùegkeäle nw~ 102. ceveespe hej yengle Yeejer efpeccesoeefjÙeeB nQ~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
(b) jsKee DeÛÚs iegCeeW mes Ùegkeäle nw~ (a) (b) (c) (d)
(c) jsKee DeÛÚer iegCeeW mes Ùegkeäle nw~
103. Jen meceÙe keâes keâe@uespe peelee nw~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
(d) jsKee iegCeeW mes megvoj nw~
(a) (b) (c) (d)
91. Jes Øeefleefove Deeheme ceW hejmhej PeieÌ[les nQ~
104. mevoerhe meyekeâer Deeoj keâjlee nw~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
(a) Jes Øeefleefove hejmhej PeieÌ[les nQ~
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(b) Jes hejmhej Deeheme ceW Øeefleefove PeieÌ[les nQ~
(c) Jes Deeheme ceW hejmhej Øeefleefove PeieÌ[les nQ~ 105. oMeJevle efÛe$ekeâuee ceW o#e Lee~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
(d) Jes hejmhej Øeefleefove Deeheme ceW PeieÌ[les nQ~ (a) (b) (c) (d)
92. jcee ves efce"emelee mes Yejer ieerle ieeÙee~ 106. keâefJe keâe keâuece ner Gmekeâe nefLeÙeej nw~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
(a) jcee ves efce"eme Yeje ieerle ieeÙee~ (a) (b) (c) (d)
(b) jcee ceer"e ieerle ieeÙeer~
(c) jcee ves ceOegj mebieerle ieeÙee~ 107. heefjßece keâer keâesF& efJekeâuhe veneR nw~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
(d) jcee ves ceer"e ieerle ieeÙeer~ (a) (b) (c) (d)
93. ceQves leerve kegâmeea Kejeroer~ 108. ØesceÛevo efnvoer keâer ceneved GhevÙeemekeâej Les~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
(a) ceQves leerve kegâmeea Kejeroer~ (a) (b) (c) (d)
(b) ceQves leerve kegâe|meÙeeB KejeroeR~ 109. jcesMe Deheveer keâeÙe& ueieve mes keâjlee nw~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
(c) ceQves leerve kegâmeea Kejeroe~
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(d) ceQves leerve kegâe|meÙeeB Kejeroe~
{hÝXr$ 123
110. MeeÙeo Ùen keâeÙe& mecYeJe nw~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~ 112. nceeje mecheke&â DeveskeâeW vesleeDeeW mes nw~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d)
111. MÙeece Deewj MÙeece kesâ YeeF& Iej peeles nQ~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~ 113. ÙeneB kesâ DeefOekeâejer keâe heefjJele&ve nes ieÙee nw~ keâesF& DeMegefæ veneR~
(a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d)
CÎma‘mbm
1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (a)
11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (c) 14. (a) 15. (c) 16. (a) 17. (d) 18. (c) 19. (a) 20. (c)
21. (c) 22. (d) 23. (b) 24. (d) 25. (a) 26. (d) 27. (a) 28. (c) 29. (b) 30. (a)
31. (c) 32. (b) 33. (c) 34. (b) 35. (d) 36. (b) 37. (b) 38. (c) 39. (d) 40. (b)
41. (c) 42. (c) 43. (d) 44. (d) 45. (a) 46. (a) 47. (c) 48. (a) 49. (b) 50. (b)
51. (d) 52. (a) 53. (a) 54. (a) 55. (a) 56. (c) 57. (d) 58. (b) 59. (a) 60. (b)
61. (a) 62. (c) 63. (b) 64. (d) 65. (a) 66. (d) 67. (a) 68. (c) 69. (c) 70. (c)
71. (b) 72. (a) 73. (a) 74. (a) 75. (a) 76. (a) 77. (b) 78. (a) 79. (a) 80. (a)
81. (a) 82. (c) 83. (a) 84. (a) 85. (a) 86. (a) 87. (b) 88. (a) 89. (a) 90. (b)
91. (a) 92. (a) 93. (b) 94. (a) 95. (b) 96. (b) 97. (c) 98. (b) 99. (c) 100. (c)
101. (d) 102. (b) 103. (a) 104. (b) 105. (d) 106. (a) 107. (a) 108. (b) 109. (b) 110. (a)
111. (b) 112. (b) 113. (c)
AÜ¶m¶ 07
H«$‘ ì¶dñWmnZ
efJeefYevve øeefleÙeesieer hejer#eeDeeW ceW `›eâce JÙeJemLeeheve’ mecyevOeer øeMve hetÚs peeles nQ~ H«$‘-ì¶dñWmnZ gå~pÝYV {Z¶‘
Ssmes øeMveeW ceW DeJÙeJeeqmLele ›eâce keâes megJÙeJeeqmLele keâjvee neslee nw~ ›eâce JÙeJemLeeheve ● ØeMve ceW efoS ieS mebKÙee (1) Jeeues JeekeäÙe keâes OÙeeve ceW jKekeâj Gmes Deeies efoS
hej DeeOeeefjle øeMve oes øekeâej mes hetÚs peeles nQ–`JeekeäÙe-›eâce JÙeJemLeeheve’ Deewj ieS (Ùe), (j), (ue) leLee (Je) Jeeues JeekeäÙe KeC[eW kesâ meeLe peesefÌ[S~
`DevegÛÚso-›eâce JÙeJemLeeheve~’ ● ØeMve ceW efoS ieS JeekeäÙe (1) Je (6) kesâ mLeeve ceW heefjJele&ve veneR keâjvee ÛeeefnS~
JeekeäÙe-›eâce JÙeJemLeeheve kesâ ØeMveeW ceW DeJÙeJeefmLele JeekeäÙeebMeeW mes Skeâ mener
›eâceyeæ JeekeäÙe yeveevee neslee nw~
● ØelÙeskeâ JeekeäÙe keâe Skeâ ØeJeen neslee nw~ pewmes ner Deehe (1) keâes mener
JeekeäÙe-KeC[ mes peesÌ[Wies, JeekeäÙe kesâ DeLe& keâe ØeJeen DeejcYe nes peeSiee, efpemes
DevegÛÚso-›eâce JÙeJemLeeheve kesâ ØeMveeW ceW DeJÙeJeefmLele JeekeäÙeeW mes Skeâ mener Deehe mejuelee mes DevegYeJe keâj mekeâles nQ~
›eâceyeæ DevegÛÚso yeveevee neslee nw~ hejer#ee ceW, Skeâ ›eâceyeæ mener JeekeäÙe keâes Ú: ●
Ùeeo jefKeS, yescesue JeekeäÙe/JeekeäÙeebMe Deehekeâes meowJe Dešheše-mee ueiesiee;
efnmmeeW ceW yeeBš efoÙee peelee nw~ henuee, Ú"e efnmmee lees mener mLeeve hej jnlee nw,
keäÙeeWefkeâ mejuelee, menpelee Deewj ØeJeen keâes DevegYeJe efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee nw~
peyeefkeâ yeerÛe kesâ Ûeej efnmmeeW keâes Thej-veerÛes keâj osles nQ Deewj hejer#eee|LeÙeeW mes
Dehes#ee jKeer peeleer nw efkeâ Jen Gve Thej-veerÛes efkeâS ieS Ûeej JeekeäÙe KeC[eW keâes ●
henues Deewj otmejs JeekeäÙe-KeC[eW kesâ efceueles ner Mes<e oes JeekeäÙe KeC[/JeekeäÙe
Gvekeâer cetue efmLeefle ceW jKe JeekeäÙe keâes mener ™he oW~ lees mejuelee mes efceue ner peeles nQ~
dñVw{ZîR>àíZ
dm³¶-H«$‘ ì¶dñWmnZ gå~ÝYr àíZ 2. (1) Yeejle keâer ueeskeâleeefv$ekeâ
efveoxMe (Øe. meb. 1-29) efvecveefueefKele JeekeäÙeeW ceW Gvekesâ ØeLece leLee Debeflece DebMe (Ùe) kesâvõerÙe leLee jepÙe (j) JÙeJemLee kesâJeue
mebKÙee 1 Deewj 6 kesâ Devleie&le efoS ieS nQ~ yeerÛe Jeeues Ûeej DebMe (Ùe), (j), (ue) mejkeâejeW lekeâ ner (Je) meerefcele veneR nw
(ue), (Je) kesâ Devleie&le efyevee ›eâce kesâ nQ~ ÛeejeW DebMeeW keâes GefÛele ›eâceevegmeej (6) mLeeveerÙe mlej hej Yeer Jen ueeskeâleeefv$ekeâ nw~
JÙeJeefmLele keâj mener efJekeâuhe ÛegefveS~ (a) j Ùe ue Je
(b) ue j Je Ùe
1. (1) meeceevÙe JÙeefkeäle
(c) Ùe j ue Je
(Ùe) lees Demeerce megKe Deewj mevlees<e keâe (d) Je j ue Ùe
(j) Deheves Øesce keâer meercee jsKee Deheves heefjJeej
3. (1) ØeeÛeerve hejcheje kesâ Devegmeej
(ue) uesefkeâve Ùeefo Fmekeâe #es$e Deewj JÙeehekeâ efkeâÙee pee mekesâ (Ùe) meejer jele neslee nw
(Je) efØeÙepeve Je efce$eeW lekeâ meerefcele jKeles nQ (j) efpemeceW Menj kesâ ueesie
(6) Deevevo Øeehle nes mekeâlee nw~ (ue) ceefCehegjer ve=lÙe ceW jeme
(a) ue Je j Ùe (Je) Skeâ$e neskeâj
(b) j Je ue Ùe (6) jeme keâe Deevevo uesles nQ~
(c) Je Ùe j ue (a) Ùe j ue Je (b) ue Ùe j Je
(d) Ùe j ue Je (c) Ùe Je j ue (d) ue j Ùe Je
{hÝXr$ 125
4. (1) cegjueer keâer mJej uenjer hej (6) lees ceQ YeejleJe<e& keâer Deesj mebkesâle keâ™Biee~
(Ùe) Ûegcyekeâ keâer YeeBefle ieesefhekeâeSB (a) ue Ùe Je j (b) Je ue Ùe j
(j) ve=lÙe keâjles ngS (c) Ùe j ue Je (d) j Ùe Je ue
(ue) efKebÛeer Ûeueer Deeleer nQ 10. (1) YeeiÙe kesâ Yejesmes
(Je) Deewj ke=â<Ce kesâ ÛeejeW Deesj (Ùe) YeeiÙe Yeer meesÙee
(6) megOe-yegOe Kees yew"leer nQ~ (j) yeeBOekeâj KeÌ[s nesves hej
(a) Je ue Ùe j (b) j ue Je Ùe (ue) jnlee nw Deewj efnccele
(c) Ùe ue Je j (d) Ùe j ue Je (Je) yew"s jnves hej
5. (1) YejleveešdÙeced vele&keâer keâe ëe=bieej (6) YeeiÙe Yeer G" KeÌ[e neslee nw~
(Ùe) keâer peeleer nw efkeâ Gmekeâe ™he (a) Je Ùe ue j (b) ue j Ùe Je
(j) met#celee Je Ûelegjlee mes (c) Ùe j ue Je (d) j ue Je Ùe
(ue) ueeJeCÙe Je Deekeâ<e&Ce Deheves 11. (1) DeÛÚer lejn meesÛevee
(Je) Je meepe-meppee Fleveer meeJeOeeveer (Ùe) keâece keâes hetje keâjvee
(6) Ûejce meewvoÙe& hej hengBÛe peelee nw~ (j) Gòece nw Deewj DeÛÚer lejn
(a) Ùe j ue Je (b) Ùe Je j ue (ue) DeÛÚer Ùeespevee yeveevee
(c) Ùe Je ue j (d) Je j Ùe ue
(Je) yegefæceòee nw
6. (1) efmeHe&â OegbOeuee-mee
(6) meyemes DeÛÚer yegefæceòee nw~
(Ùe) mebIe<e& DevleÉ&vÉ Deewj leehe pewmes (a) Ùe j ue Je (b) Je ue j Ùe
(j) mebJesove Flevee DeJeMÙe Lee efkeâ pewmes yeHe&â keâer efmeue kesâ (c) Je Ùe j ue (d) j Je Ùe ue
(ue) Jewmes ner efnceeueÙe keâer Meerleuelee ceeLes keâes Út jner nw Deewj
12. (1) ceQ keâesF& keâece
(Je) meeceves KeÌ[s nesves hej cegBn hej "C[er-"C[er Yeehe ueieleer nw
(Ùe) ØeeLe&vee kesâ efyevee (j) kesâ efueS ØeeLe&vee
(6) ve<š nes jner nw~
(ue) veneR keâjlee, cesjer Deelcee (Je) Gleveer ner DeefveJeeÙe& nw
(a) j Je Ùe ue (b) Ùe j ue Je
(c) Je ue j Ùe (d) ue Ùe j Je (6) efpelevee Mejerj kesâ efueS Yeespeve~
(a) j ue Je Ùe (b) Je ue j Ùe
7. (1) heewjeefCekeâ Â<ševle kesâ Devegmeej (c) Ùe ue j Je (d) ue j Je Ùe
(Ùe) keâoeefÛeled FmeerefueS Jew<CeJe YekeäleeW ves
13. (1) nceejer ØeeLe&vee
(j) YeieJeeve efJe<Ceg ves ueesieeW keâes
(Ùe) meJe&-meeceevÙe keâer YeueeF&
(ue) ceesefnveer keâe ™he OeejCe efkeâÙee Lee
(Je) Deeke=â<š keâjves kesâ efueS (j) keäÙeeWefkeâ F&MJej
(ue) kesâ efueS nesveer ÛeeefnS
(6) Fme ve=lÙe-veeefškeâe keâes ‘ceesefnveerDešdšced’ keâer meb%ee mes efJeYetef<ele efkeâÙee~
(a) Ùe j ue Je (b) j Je ue Ùe
(Je) peevelee nw efkeâ
(c) ue Je Ùe j (d) j Ùe Je ue (6) nceejs efueS DeÛÚe keäÙee nw?
(a) j ue Ùe Je (b) Je j ue Ùe
8. (1) ›eâesOe mes cetÌ{lee (c) ue j Je Ùe (d) Ùe ue j Je
(Ùe) Yeüce mes yegefæ keâe veeMe neslee nw
(j) mce=efle ceW Yeüce neslee nw, 14. (1) ueeskeâlev$e ceW mejkeâej
(ue) Glhevve nesleer nw, cetÌ{lee mes (Ùe) efveefMÛele SJeb (j) nesleer nw
(Je) Deewj yegefæ ve<š nesves mes (ue) peye pevelee keâe cele (Je) leye cepeyetle
(6) efveCe&Ùeelcekeâ neslee nw~
(6) ØeeCeer mJeÙeb ve<š nes peelee nw~
(a) Je j ue Ùe (b) Ùe j ue Je
(a) Je ue j Ùe (b) j ue Je Ùe
(c) ue Ùe j Je (d) j Ùe ue Je
(c) ue j Ùe Je (d) Ùe j ue Je
9. (1) Ùeefo nce mechetCe& efJeMJe keâer Keespe keâjW 15. (1) yegefæceeve kesâ heeme LeesÌ[e-mee Oeve
(Ùe) kesâ efueS efpemes (Ùe) yeÌ{lee jnlee nw
(j) Ssmes osMe keâe helee ueieeves (j) nes lees Jen Yeer
(ue) MeefkeäleMeeueer Deewj megvoj yeveeÙee nw (ue) keâece keâjles ngS mebÙece kesâ Éeje
(Je) Øeke=âefle ves meJe&mechevve (Je) Jen o#eleehetJe&keâ
(6) meJe&$e Øeefle<"e Øeehle keâj ueslee nw~ 22. (1) peeefle osMe Deewj keâeue keâer meerceeDeeW ceW
(a) j Ùe Je ue (b) Ùe j ue Je (Ùe) meeefneflÙekeâ cetuÙeebkeâve Øemlegle keâjWies, lees
(c) ue Je j Ùe (d) Je Ùe ue j (j) meeceefÙekeâ DeeJeMÙekeâlee-jeieelcekeâ Skeâlee
16. (1) heg®<eeLe& Gmeer ceW nw (ue) meeefnlÙe kesâ GodosMÙe leLee
(Ùe) pees mebkeâš (j) efveCe&Ùe uesves (Je) yeBOes jnkeâj Ùeefo nce
(ue) keâer IeÌ[er ceW (Je) ceW keâesF& (6) mes ner otj pee heÌ[Wies~
(6) mebkeâesÛe veneR keâjlee~ (a) Je Ùe ue j (b) ue j Ùe Je
(a) Ùe j ue Je (b) Ùe ue j Je (c) Je j ue Ùe (d) Ùe ue j Je
(c) ue Je j Ùe (d) Je j ue Ùe 23. (1) meÛÛeer yeele lees Ùen nw efkeâ
17. (1) heg®<eeLe& keâjves hej (Ùe) Jen Dehevee ceveesjbpeve mebieerle Deewj DeefYeveÙe pewmes
(Ùe) peheves Jeeues keâes (j) oefjõlee veneR jnleer, (j) efkeâmeer Yeer Ùegie keâe ØeeCeer Ssmee veerjme
(ue) ceewve nesves mes keâuen veneR neslee (ue) DeevevooeÙekeâ meeOeveeW kesâ
(Je) heehe veneR ueielee (Je) Deewj ùoÙenerve veneR neslee efkeâ
(6) Deewj peeieves Jeeues kesâ efvekeâš YeÙe veneR Deelee~ (6) Éeje veneR keâjlee~
(a) Ùe j ue Je (b) ue Je Ùe j (a) Ùe j ue Je (b) j Je Ùe ue
(c) j Ùe Je ue (d) Je ue j Ùe (c) ue Je j Ùe (d) Je j ue Ùe
18. (1) pees ceveg<Ùe otmejeW keâer peerefJekeâe keâe 24. (1) yengle efoveeW keâer FÛÚe
(Ùe) keâjeles nQ Deewj efce$eeW ceW (Ùe) DeYeer lekeâ hetjer veneR ngF& (j) "erkeâ efpemekesâ Ûeefjle ceW
(j) nQ otmejeW keâer m$eer Ùee heefle mes efJeÙeesie (ue) Skeâ ceeveJe-Ûeefjle efueKetB
(ue) Yeso-YeeJe Glhevve keâjles nQ (Je) Ûeefjle veeÙekeâ veneR efceue jne Lee
(Je) veeMe keâjles nQ, otmejeW keâe Iej GpeeÌ[les (6) veeÙekeâlJe ØeOeeve nes~
(6) Jes DeJeMÙe vejkeâ ceW peeles nQ~ (a) Ùe ue Je j (b) ue j Je Ùe
(a) Je j ue Ùe (b) j ue Je Ùe (c) j ue Je Ùe (d) Je Ùe j ue
(c) Ùe j ue Je (d) Je j Ùe ue 25. (1) mJehve ceW osKee
19. (1) ceeveJe peerJeve keâe GodosMÙe (Ùe) DeekeâeMe keâer veerueer uelee ceW metÙe&, Ûevõ Deewj leejeDeeW kesâ Hetâue
(Ùe) GheeÙe heejceee|Lekeâ YeeJe mes (j) Deewj Gmekeâer efmeefæ keâe (j) he=LJeer keâer uelee hej he=LJeer kesâ Hetâue
(ue) DeelceoMe&ve nw (Je) cegKÙe SJeb Skeâcee$e (ue) neLe peesÌ[s efKeues ngS Skeâ De%eele Meefkeäle keâer meceerj mes efnue jns
(6) peerJe cee$e keâer mesJee keâjvee nw~ nQ
(a) ue j Je Ùe (b) j Ùe ue Je (Je) neLe peesÌ[s DeekeâeMe keâes
(c) Je ue j Ùe (d) Ùe j ue Je (6) vecemkeâej keâj jns nQ~
20. (1) DeeefCJekeâ Dem$eeW kesâ efJejesOe ceW (a) j ue Ùe Je (b) ue Ùe j Je
(Ùe) GodIeešve keâjles ngS jepesvõ yeeyet ves Yeejle keâes (c) j Je Ùe ue (d) Ùe ue j Je
(j) Deheveer mesveeSB efJeIeefšle keâj os lees 26. (1) ceveg<Ùe heeBJe mes Ûeuelee nw
(ue) Ùen megPeeJe efoÙee Lee efkeâ Ùen osMe (Ùe) mecegoeÙe mes Ûeuelee nw
(Je) efouueer ceW pees meeJe&Yeewce meceejesn ngDee Lee, Gmekeâe (j) leye Gmes peerJeve keânles nQ
(6) Fmemes mebmeej keâes Skeâ veÙee jemlee efceue mekeâlee nw~ (ue) ØeeCeeW mes Ûeuelee nw
(a) j Je Ùe ue (b) ue Ùe j Je (Je) leye Gmes Ùee$ee keânles nQ
(c) Je Ùe ue j (d) Ùe ue Je j (6) leye Gmes meceepe keânles nQ~
21. (1) DeeÛeeÙe& npeejer Øemeeo efÉJesoer (a) Je ue j Ùe (b) Ùe j ue Je
(Ùe) Deewj veJeÙegie keâer Ûeslevee ueskeâj efveyevOe kesâ (c) j ue Je Ùe (d) ue Ùe j Je
(j) SJeb efJeÛeejelcekeâ keâesefšÙeeW ceW jKes pee mekeâles nQ pees 27. (1) meb#eshele: keâne pee mekeâlee nw efkeâ
(ue) ØeeÛeerve meebmke=âeflekeâ hejcheje keâe iecYeerj %eeve (Ùe) DeveeÙeeme ner ceeveJe-peerJeve keâer meJeexheÙeesieer
(Je) #es$e ceW DeJeleefjle ngS leLee Fvekesâ efveyevOe YeeJeelcekeâ (j) mejme meeOeve keâeJÙe ner nw, efpemekeâe
(6) Fvekesâ JÙeefkeälelJe keâer Úehe efueS ngS nQ~ (ue) ÛeejeW heoeLeeX keâer Øeeefhle keâe megueYe leLee
(a) Je j ue Ùe (b) Ùe j ue Je (Je) DevegMeerueve keâjves hej Deuheyegefæ Jeeues ØeeCeer Yeer
(c) j Je Ùe ue (d) ue Ùe Je j
{hÝXr$ 127
(6) JemlegDeeW keâes Øeehle keâj mekeâles nQ~ (6) meerOes efveJesMe efkeâÙee peevee nw~
(a) j Ùe Je ue (b) ue j Je Ùe (a) Je ue j Ùe (b) j Je Ùe ue
(c) Ùe j ue Je (d) Je ue j Ùe (c) Je ue Ùe j (d) Ùe ue j Je
28. (1) iele Demmeer Je<eeX kesâ 33. (1) jepÙeeW keâes efJeefYevve ÙeespeveeDeeW kesâ efueS
(Ùe) nceejs efoceeie keâes Flevee YeesLeje (Ùe) pees mebmeeOeve efoS peeles nQ (j) Ùeespevee DeeÙeesie kesâ ceeOÙece mes
(j) megkegâceej ogefveÙee nceejer heLejeF& DeeBKeeW kesâ (ue) osMe kesâ efJeefYevve YeeieeW keâe (Je) Gvekeâe GodosMÙe
(ue) yevee efoÙee nw efkeâ mebmke=âefle keâer (6) mevlegefuele #es$eerÙe efJekeâeme keâjvee nw~
(Je) jepeveereflekeâ Deee|Lekeâ mebIe<eeX ves (a) Ùe ue Je j (b) ue Je Ùe j
(6) meeceves Deekeâj Yeer veneR Dee heeleer~ (c) Je Ùe ue j (d) j Ùe Je ue
(a) ue j Ùe Je (b) j ue Ùe Je 34. (1) Skeâ
(c) Je Ùe ue j (d) Ùe j ue Je (Ùe) Skeâ je<šêrÙe Ûeslevee (j) keâer meceef<š ner
29. (1) ceveesefJeveeso keâer #ecelee mes Ùegkeäle nesves kesâ (ue) ueskeâj jnves Jeeues JÙeefkeäleÙeeW (Je) Yeewieesefuekeâ meercee ceW
(Ùe) peneB Skeâ Deesj nemÙe keâefJelee keâer ueeskeâefØeÙelee yeÌ{er nw (6) osMe nw~
(a) Ùe j ue Je (b) Ùe ue Je j
(j) efkeâ GmeceW IeefšÙee Deewj YeeQ[er yeeleeW kesâ meceeJesMe mes
(c) Je Ùe ue j (d) Je j ue Ùe
(ue) Deewj FmeerefueS keâefJe-meccesueveeW kesâ DeeßeÙe ceW efJekeâefmele nesves kesâ
keâejCe 35. (1) efvemmebosn
(Je) JeneR otmejer Deesj Skeâ neefve Ùen Yeer ngF& nw (Ùe) efheÚues kegâÚ Je<eeX ceW (j) Ùen meblees<e keâe efJe<eÙe nw efkeâ
(6) met#ce Deewj heefj<ke=âle nemÙe keâe mlej efiej ieÙee nw~
(ue) ueesieeW keâe ®Peeve yeÌ{e nw (Je) Meem$eerÙe mebieerle ceW
(a) Ùe j ue Je (b) j Je ue Ùe (6) Deewj Ghes#ee YeeJe keâce ngDee nw~
(c) Je Ùe j ue (d) ue Ùe Je j (a) j Ùe Je ue (b) Ùe j Je ue
(c) j Ùe ue Je (d) Ùe Je j ue
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 30-36) efvecveefueefKele JeekeäÙeeW ceW Gvekesâ ØeLece leLee Deefvlece
DebMe mebKÙee 1 Deewj 6 kesâ Devleie&le efoS ieS nQ~ yeerÛe Jeeues Ûeej DebMe (Ùe), 36. (1) efpeme Øekeâej
(j), (ue), (Je) kesâ Devleie&le efyevee ›eâce kesâ nQ~ ÛeejeW DebMeeW keâes GefÛele (Ùe) onkeâvee nw Gmeer Øekeâej (j) Gmekesâ mJeYeeJe keâe
›eâceevegmeej JÙeJeefmLele keâj GefÛele efJekeâuhe ÛegveW~ (ue) ceveg<Ùe keâe Oece& (Je) Deefive keâe Oece&
(6) heÙee&Ùe nesvee ÛeeefnS~
30. (1) kegâue efceueekeâj Deelcej#ee
(a) Je Ùe ue j (b) ue Ùe Je j
(Ùe) keâer jheš leLee hegefueme DeefOekeâeefjÙeeW keâer
(c) Je Ùe j ue (d) j ue Ùe Je
(j) yeeleeW mes Ùener efve<keâ<e& meeceves Deelee nw efkeâ
(ue) Úe$eeDeeW keâer Deelcej#ee kesâ efueS megj#ee kesâ lejerkeâeW ceW efveoxMe (Øe. meb. 37-41) efvecveefueefKele JeekeäÙeeW ceW Gvekesâ ØeLece leLee Debeflece DebMe
(Je) kesâ ceeceues ceW ceefnuee DeeÙeesie mebKÙee 1 Deewj 6 kesâ Devleie&le efoS ieS nQ~ yeerÛe Jeeues Ûeej DebMe (Ùe), (j),
(6) efvehegCe efkeâÙee peelee nw~
(ue), (Je) kesâ Devleie&le efyevee ›eâce kesâ nQ~ ÛeejeW DebMeeW keâes GefÛele ›eâceevegmeej
(a) Je Ùe j ue (b) Ùe j ue Je JÙeJeefmLele keâj mener efJekeâuhe ÛegefveS~
(c) ue Ùe j Je (d) j ue Je Ùe 37. (1) meceÙe keâes hejKeves Jeeuee
31. (1) leye ÛesÛekeâ kesâ meceeveevlej (Ùe) Deewj meceÙe keâer (j) jbkeâ mes Oevee{dÙe
(Ùe) Skeâ Deewj yeerceejer Leer ieewMeerleuee, (ue) keâjesÌ[heefle mes efYeKeejer (Je) Ghes#ee keâjves Jeeuee
(j) Fmekeâe efMekeâej nes peelee Deewj Gmekesâ (6) nes peelee nw~
(ue) Deece OeejCee Leer efkeâ yeerceej ieeÙe keâe otOe heerves Jeeuee (a) ue Ùe j Je (b) j Ùe Je ue
(c) ue j Ùe Je (d) j ue Ùe Je
(Je) ØeeÙe: Ùen jesie ieeÙe kesâ LeveeW ceW neslee nw,
38. (1) YeejleerÙe ieeBJeeW kesâ
(6) neLeeW ceW Úesšs IeeJe Je HegâefvmeÙeeB nes peeleer nQ~
(a) Ùe ue j Je (b) Ùe j Je ue (Ùe) DeYeer Yeejle mejkeâej keâes (j) megOeej keâs efueS
(c) j Ùe ue Je (d) Ùe Je ue j (ue) Deewj jepÙe mejkeâejeW keâes (Je) yengle heÇÙelve
(6) keâjvee nesiee~
32. (1) osMe ceW mevlegefuele #es$eerÙe efJekeâeme
(a) j Ùe ue Je (b) j Ùe Je ue
(Ùe) kesâvõ mejkeâej Éeje Gve GÅeceeW ceW (c) ue Ùe j Je (d) ue j Ùe Je
(j) Ùeespeveeiele Deewj Ùeespevesòej mebmeeOeveeW Éeje
39. (1) meceeÛeej-he$eeW ceW
(ue) mejkeâejer #es$e kesâ Ghe›eâceeW kesâ Éeje (Ùe) ØekeâeefMele efJe%eeheveeW (j) DeeJeMÙekeâ leLee Gòeceesòece
(Je) keâer Øeieefle keâe meyemes cenòJehetCe& keâejCe (ue) heoeLeeËs mes (Je) Éeje ueesie GheÙeesieer,
(6) heefjefÛele nesles nQ~ 44. (1) Yee<ee keâes meerKevee Gmekesâ meeefnlÙe keâes ceevevee nw
(a) j ue Ùe Je (b) Ùe j ue Je (Ùe) peye nce meeefnlÙe kesâ mJej ceW yeesueles nQ leye Jes mJej ogmlej
(c) Ùe Je j ue (d) j Ùe Je ue mecegõeW hej mesleg yeeBOekeâj
40. (1) ØeeÛeerve keâeue ceW (j) Deewj meeefnlÙe keâes peevevee ceeveJe-Skeâlee keâer mJeevegYetefle nw
(Ùe) Deveskeâ hegmlekeWâ GheueyOe keâjevee (ue) ogueËIÙe heJe&leeW keâes jepeheLe yeveekeâj
(j) efpememes Skeâ JÙeefkeäle (Je) ceveg<Ùe keâer megKe-og:Ke keâer keâLee
(ue) hegmlekeWâ nmleefueefKele nesleer LeeR (6) ceveg<Ùe lekeâ DeveeÙeeme hengBÛee osles nQ~
(Je) kesâ efueS efJeefJeOe efJe<eÙeeW hej (a) ue j Je Ùe (b) Je j Ùe ue (c) j Ùe ue Je (d) Ùe j ue Je
(6) yeÌ[e keâef"ve Lee~ 45. (1) onspe ØeLee keâe pevce hegjeveer meeceeefpekeâ ØeLeeDeeW ceW {tB{e pee mekeâlee nw~
(a) ue j Je Ùe (b) Ùe Je ue j (Ùe) Gmes veF& ie=nmLeer yemeeveer nesleer nw~
(c) ue Je j Ùe (d) Ùe j ue Je
(j) efJeJeen kesâ yeeo ueÌ[keâer veS Iej ceW peeleer nw~
41. (1) Yeejle pewmes (ue) Dehevee veÙee IeeWmeuee yeveeves ceW Gmes DeefOekeâ DemegefJeOee ve nes,
(Ùe) osMeeW kesâ efueS (j) kegâšerj GÅeesie FmeefueS Gmes kegâÚ Ghenej osves keâe efjJeepe Lee~
(ue) DeefOekeâ pevemebKÙee Jeeues (Je) DelÙevle GheÙeesieer efmeæ (Je) Ghenej ceW Gmes ie=nmLeer ceW keâece Deeves Jeeueer JemlegSB mJesÛÚe mes
(6) nes mekeâlee nw~ oer peeleer LeeR, keâesF& yeeOÙelee veneR nesleer Leer~
(a) j Je Ùe ue (b) ue j Ùe Je (6) hej Oeerjs-Oeerjs FmeceW yegjeFÙeeB Deeleer ieFË~
(c) Ùe j Je ue (d) ue Ùe j Je (a) ue Ùe j Je (b) Je j Ùe ue
(c) Ùe j ue Je (d) j Ùe ue Je
AZwÀN>oX-H«$‘ ì¶dñWmnZ gå~ÝYr àíZ
46. (1) keâuee kesâ mecyevOe ceW nceeje Âef<škeâesCe
veerÛes efoS ieS ØelÙeskeâ ØeMve ceW DevegÛÚso kesâ henues Deewj Debeflece YeeieeW keâes ›eâceMe:
(1) Deewj (6) keâer mebKÙee oer ieF& nw~ Fvekesâ yeerÛe ceW Deeves Jeeues Ûeej JeekeäÙe keâes
(Ùe) F&ceeveoejer kesâ Øeefle ner Dee«enMeerue nesvee ÛeeefnS
(Ùe), (j), (ue), (Je) keâer mebKÙee oer ieF& nw~ Ùes ÛeejeW JeekeäÙe GefÛele ›eâce ceW (j) Jemlegle: keâueelcekeâ meewvoÙe& kesâJeue keâuhevee efJeueeme
veneR nQ~ FvnW OÙeeve mes heÌ{keâj efoS ieS efJekeâuheeW ceW mes GefÛele ›eâce ÛegefveS leLee (ue) DeeoMe& DeLeJee ÙeLeeLe& mecyevOeer hetJee&«eneW kesâ mLeeve hej DevegYetefle keâer
mener DevegÛÚso keâe efvecee&Ce keâerefpeS~ (Je) DeLeJee ÙeLeeLe& kesâ ØelÙeebkeâve ceW efveefnle ve neskeâj
42. (1) veKeOej ceveg<Ùe Deye Sšce yece hej Yejesmee keâjkesâ Deeies keâer Deesj (6) Fve oesveeW kesâ mecevJeÙe ceW efveefnle nw~
Ûeue heÌ[e nw (a) ue Ùe j Je (b) Ùe j ue Je (c) j ue Ùe Je (d) Je j ue Ùe
(Ùe) Deye Yeer Jen Ùeeo efouee osleer nw efkeâ 47. (1) efnvoer meeefnlÙe kesâ Fefleneme keâe keâeueefJeYeepeve keâeue›eâce keâer Âef<š
(j) Deye Yeer Øeke=âefle ceveg<Ùe keâes Gmekesâ Yeerlej Jeeues Dem$e mes mes Ûeej keâeueeW—Deeefo, hetJe& ceOÙe, Gòej ceOÙe Deewj DeeOegefvekeâ ceW
JebefÛele veneR keâj mekeâer nw~ efkeâÙee peelee nw~
(ue) hej Gmekesâ veeKetve Deye Yeer yeÌ{ jns nQ~ (Ùe) DeheYeübMe keâeue ceW pewve, veeLe, efmeæ keâefJeÙeeW Éeje efueefKele pees
(Je) legcnejs veeKetve keâes YegueeÙee veneR pee mekeâlee~ meece«eer GheueyOe nw, Gmes Jes meeefnlÙe keâer keâesefš ceW jKeves keâes
lewÙeej veneR nQ~
(6) legce Jener ueeKe Je<e& henues kesâ veKe-ovleeJeuecyeer peerJe nes, heMeg kesâ
(j) FmeefueS Jes Deeefokeâeue keâes ‘JeerjieeLee keâeue’ keânvee GefÛele
meeLe Skeâ melen hej efJeÛejves Jeeues Deewj Ûejves Jeeues~
mecePeles nQ~
(a) ue j Je Ùe (b) Ùe j ue Je
(c) j ue Ùe Je (d) Je Ùe j ue (ue) heb. jeceÛevõ Megkeäue ves keâeue ›eâce mes efJeYeeefpele Fve keâeueKeC[eW keâe
veecekeâjCe Fme Øekeâej efkeâÙee—Deeefokeâeue keâes DeheYeübMe keâeJÙe
43. (1) meÛÛes Jeerj heg®<e Oeerj, iecYeerj Deewj Dee]peeo nesles nQ Deewj osMeYee<ee keâeJÙe ceW efJeYeeefpele keâjkesâ osMeYee<ee keâeJÙe keâes
(Ùe) Gvekesâ ceve keâer iecYeerjlee Deewj Meeefvle mecegõ keâer lejn efJeMeeue ‘JeerjieeLee’ veece efoÙee~
Deewj ienjer nesleer nw~ (Je) Gvekesâ Devegmeej osMeYee<ee keâeJÙe keâer JeerjieeLeelcekeâlee mecetÛes
(j) meÛe nw efkeâ meÛÛes JeerjeW keâer veeRo Deemeeveer mes veneR Kegueleer Deeefokeâeue keâer meeefneflÙekeâ ØeJe=efòe nw~
(ue) jeceeÙeCe ceW Jeeuceerefkeâ ves kegâcYekeâCe& keâer ieeÌ{er veeRo ceW Jeerjlee (6) hetJe&-ceOÙekeâeue keâes Jes Yeefkeälekeâeue, Gòej ceOÙekeâeue keâes jereflekeâeue
keâe efÛeÖ efoKeueeÙee nw~ Deewj DeeOegefvekeâ keâeue keâes ieÅekeâeue keânvee GefÛele mecePeles nQ~
(Je) Jes keâYeer ÛebÛeue veneR nesles~ (a) Ùe j ue Je (b) ue Ùe Je j (c) j ue Je Ùe (d) Je j ue Ùe
(6) Jes meòJeiegCe kesâ #eerj mecegõ ceW Ssmes [tyes jnles nQ efkeâ Gvekeâes ogefveÙee
48. (1) meenme Deewj DeelceefJeMJeeme kesâ meeLe peervee ner meÛÛee peerJeve nw~
keâer Keyej ner veneR nesleer~ (Ùe) Ssmes JÙeefkeäle kesâ meeceves heneÌ[ Yeer Dehevee efmej Pegkeâe uesles nQ~
(a) j ue Je Ùe (b) Ùe Je ue j
(c) ue Ùe Je j (d) Je ue j Ùe (j) Skeâ yeej DemeHeâue nesves hej Yeer veF& Gcebie, veS efJeMJeeme Je
veS meenme mes efHeâj ØeÙelve keâjlee nw~
{hÝXr$ 129
(ue) Deewj ogjeMee Gmekesâ heeme lekeâ veneR Heâškeâleer~ (ue) ce®mLeue keâer Devevle hÙeeme yegPeeves kesâ efueS
(Je) meenmeer JÙeefkeäle keâYeer-Yeer Dehevee keâce& veneR ÚesÌ[lee~ (Je) Fmes Deepe lekeâ keâesF& veneR peeve heeÙee
(6) Ssmes ner JÙeefkeäle Deheves je<š^ Je meceepe kesâ veslee nesles nQ~ (6) hej mJeÙeb Deheveer ner yeveeF& lešeW keâer keâeje ceW yenves kesâ efueS
(a) j ue Je Ùe (b) ue j Je Ùe (c) Je j Ùe ue (d) Ùe j ue Je efJeJeMe nw~
(a) ue j Ùe Je (b) j ue Je Ùe
49. (1) ÚeÙeeJeeoer Ùegie ØeOeevele: cegkeälekeâ ieerleeW keâe Ùegie nw~ (c) Je Ùe ue j (d) Ùe j ue Je
(Ùe) jecekegâceej Jecee& kesâ ieerle Yeer ueeskeâefØeÙe ngS nQ~
53. (1) efjheeslee&pe cetuele: øeâebmeermeer Meyo nw Deewj Deb«espeer kesâ ‘efjheesš&’ Meyo
(j) efÛe$eceÙeer keâuhevee leLee uee#eefCekeâ Øeleerkeâelcekeâ Mewueer keâes
keâe heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer leLee meeefneflÙekeâ veece nw~
Deheveekeâj ÚeÙeeJeeoer keâefJeÙeeW ves keâefJelee keâes mepeerJe Deewj
mejme yevee efoÙee~ (Ùe) FmeceW kegâÚ cenòJehetCe& IešveeDeeW leLee hee"keâeW keâer
efJeefMe<šleeDeeW keâe efvepeer met#ce efvejer#eCe kesâ DeeOeej hej
(ue) efvejeuee Deewj ceneosJeer kesâ keâeJÙe ceW ieerefle keâe megvoj efJeOeeve nw~
ceveesJew%eeefvekeâ efJeJesÛeve leLee efJeMues<eCe neslee nw~
(Je) Ùes cegkeälekeâ ieerle iesÙe leLee mebieerleelcekeâ nQ~
(j) Jen Fme Øekeâej efueKelee nw efkeâ Jen pees kegâÚ efueKe jne nw
(6) YeeJeevegketâue Úbo ÛeÙeve keâjves ceW Yeer GvneWves Deheveer ceewefuekeâlee keâe ceevees Gmekeâe DeeBKeeW osKee ner nes~
ØeoMe&ve efkeâÙee nw~ (ue) efjheeslee&pe kesâ uesKekeâ keâes Deheves JeCÙe& efJe<eÙe keâe hetCe& %eeve neslee nw~
(a) ue Ùe j Je (b) Ùe j ue Je (Je) efjheeslee&pe ceW efkeâmeer Iešvee keâe Fme Øekeâej JeCe&ve efkeâÙee peelee
(c) j Ùe ue Je (d) Je ue Ùe j nw efkeâ hee"keâ Gmemes ØeYeeefJele nes peelee nw~
50. (1) ceeveme-efmevOeg ceW G"ves Jeeueer mce=efle-lejbieW (6) Fmekeâer Mewueer efJeJejCeelcekeâ leLee JeCe&veelcekeâ nesleer nw, efpemeceW
(Ùe) pees keâYeer nceejs Les mejuelee, jesÛekeâlee, DeelceerÙelee leLee ØeYeeJehetCe&lee keâe efJeMes<e
(j) hej Jes Deheveer cetkeâ Yee<ee ceW Skeâ mevosMe nceW os peeleer nQ cenòJe neslee nw~
(ue) Deewj Gve #eCeeW keâes (a) ue j Je Ùe (b) j ue Ùe Je
(Je) keâeue kesâ efJe<ece leš mes škeâjekeâj efJeueerve Yeues ner nes peeSB (c) Ùe j ue Je (d) Je ue j Ùe
(6) hegvepeeaefJele-mee keâj peeleer nQ~ 54. (1) Ùeefo Jen efJe%eeve keâe efJeÅeeLeea nw
(a) Je j ue Ùe (b) Ùe j ue Je (c) j ue Je Ùe (d) ue Ùe j Je (Ùe) Ùeefo Jen mebmke=âle keâe DeeÛeeÙe& Meem$eer nw
51. (1) jsKeeefÛe$e Meyo Deb«espeer kesâ ‘mkesâÛe’ Meyo keâe efnvoerke=âle ™he nw (j) efkeâvleg oesveeW otmejeW keâe GhekeâjCe ner yeve mekeâles nQ
leLee oes MeyoeW ‘jsKee’ Deewj ‘efÛe$e’ kesâ Ùeesie mes yevee nw~ (ue) lees Jen kegâMeue efMeuheer yeve mekeâlee nw
(Ùe) jsKeeefÛe$e ceW efÛe$ekeâuee leLee meeefnlÙe keâe megvoj meecebpemÙe (Je) lees Jen heewjesefnlÙe Ùee DeOÙeeheve keâe keâeÙe& keâj mekeâlee nw~
efoKeueeF& heÌ[lee nw~ (6) Deewj meceepe Deewj jepeveerefle kesâ mebÛeeueve ceW Jen Deheves keâes DemeceLe&
(j) FmeceW MeyoeW keâer keâueelcekeâ jsKeeDeeW kesâ Éeje efkeâmeer JÙeefkeäle, heeles nQ~
Jemleg DeLeJee Iešvee kesâ yee¢e leLee Deevleefjkeâ mJe™he keâe Meyo (a) ue Ùe Je j (b) Ùe j ue Je
efÛe$e Fme Øekeâej Øemlegle efkeâÙee peelee nw efkeâ hee"keâ kesâ ùoÙe (c) j Je Ùe ue (d) Je ue j Ùe
ceW Gmekeâe mepeerJe leLee ÙeLeeLe& efÛe$e Debefkeâle nes peelee nw~ 55. (1) ieÅe keâer veJeerve efJeOeeDeeW ceW efveyevOe meJee&efOekeâ cenòJehetCe& leLee
(ue) jsKeeefÛe$ekeâej Meyo efMeuheer neslee nw leLee Ûegves ngS MeyoeW efJekeâefmele nw~
SJeb efJeefMe<š JeekeäÙeeW kesâ Éeje Skeâ keâeuheefvekeâ, efkeâvleg mepeerJe (Ùe) DeeueesÛekeâeW ves efveyevOe keâes ieÅe keâer keâmeewšer ceevee nw~
efÛe$e Øemlegle keâjlee nw~ (j) ieÅe keâer Yee<ee keâer DeefYeJÙebpevee Meefkeäle keâe meyemes DeefOekeâ
(Je) efpeme Øekeâej efÛe$ekeâej letefuekeâe leLee jbieeW kesâ ceeOÙece mes efkeâmeer Øemeej Fmeer efJeOee ceW neslee nw~
mepeerJe efÛe$e keâe efvecee&Ce keâjlee nw, Gmeer Øekeâej jsKeeefÛe$ekeâej (ue) efveyevOe keâe ØeÙeesie oeMe&efvekeâ leLee yeewefækeâ DeefYeJÙeefkeäle kesâ
MeyoeW kesâ Éeje Ssmee YeeJehetCe& efÛe$e Øemlegle keâjlee nw, pees efueS neslee Lee, efkeâvleg DeeOegefvekeâ efnvoer efveyevOe mebmke=âle kesâ
Gmekeâer JeemleefJekeâ mebJesovee keâes cetle& ™he Øeoeve keâjves ceW efveyevOe mes hetCe&le: efYevve nw leLee Deb«es]peer kesâ ‘Smmes’ kesâ
meHeâue neslee nw~ DeefOekeâ efvekeâš nw~
(6) FmeceW uesKekeâ keâer efvepeer DevegYetefle ÙeLeeLe& ™he mes DeefYeJÙekeäle (Je) Fmekesâ efJe<eÙe keâer meercee ceeveJe peerJeve kesâ meceeve ner efJemle=le nw~
nesleer nw~ (6) ÙeÅeefhe FmeceW yegefæ leòJe keâer ØeOeevelee jnleer nw leLeeefhe Gmekeâe
(a) Ùe j ue Je (b) j Ùe Je ue mecyevOe ùoÙe leòJe mes yevee jnlee nw~
(c) Je j ue Ùe (d) ue j Ùe Je (a) j Ùe Je ue (b) Ùe ue j Je
(c) ue Je Ùe j (d) Je j ue Ùe
52. (1) Yet-Oej Deewj meeiej kesâ yeerÛe Deheveeheve Keespeves ceW meefjlee keâes pees
keâef"veeF& nesleer nw 56. (1) mJelev$elee kesâ yeeo nceejs FeflenemekeâejeW keâes mecePevee ÛeeefnS Lee
(Ùe) Jen yesÛeejer yeej-yeej Deheves iebleJÙe keâes Yetueleer-meer (Ùe) Yeejle kesâ Fefleneme keâe ™he ner yeoue efoÙee
(j) heÚeÌ[W Keekeâj ueesš-ueesš peevee Ûeenleer nw (j) leLee nceejs Devoj nervelee keâer YeeJevee Glhevve keâjves kesâ efueS
(ue) efkeâ Deb«espeeW ves Deheves Deehekeâes 60. (1) Yeejle ke=âef<e-ØeOeeve osMe nw~
(Je) cegieueeW keâe keâevetveer GòejeefOekeâejer efmeæ keâjves kesâ efueS (Ùe) ke=âef<e nceejs osMe kesâ DeLe&lev$e keâer jerÌ{ nw~
(6) DeeOegefvekeâ FeflenemekeâejeW keâes veS Fefleneme keâer Keespe keâjveer ÛeeefnS~ (j) ÙeneB kesâ ueieYeie meòej ØeefleMele efveJeeefmeÙeeW keâe JÙeJemeeÙe
(a) Je ue j Ùe (b) j ue Je Ùe ke=âef<e nw~
(c) ue Je j Ùe (d) Ùe j ue Je (ue) Fmeer hej nceejs DevÙe GÅeesieeW keâe efJekeâeme efveYe&j nw~
57. (1) keâneveer DeeOegefvekeâ meeefnlÙe keâer meyemes DeefOekeâ ueeskeâefØeÙe efJeOee nw~ (Je) Ùener keâejCe nw efkeâ nceejer efJeefYevve Deee|Lekeâ mecemÙeeSB ke=âef<e
(Ùe) Fmekeâe Meer<e&keâ Deekeâ<e&keâ leLee jesÛekeâ neslee nw leLee keâneveer mecemÙee mes pegÌ[er nQ~
kesâ cetueYeeJe DeLeJee mebJesovee keâer JÙebpevee keâjves ceW meceLe& (6) GvneR ceW mes Skeâ KeeÅe mecemÙee Yeer nw~
neslee nw~ (a) ue Ùe Je j (b) Je ue j Ùe
(c) j Ùe ue Je (d) Ùe j ue Je
(j) keâneveer keâueelcekeâ Úesšer jÛevee nesleer nw, pees Úesšer nesles ngS
yeÌ[s-mes-yeÌ[s YeeJe keâer JÙebpevee Yeer keâjves ceW meceLe& nesleer nw~ 61. (1) ieÅekeâeJÙe ‘ieÅe’ leLee ‘keâeJÙe’ kesâ yeerÛe keâer efJeOee nw~
(ue) keâneveer leLee GhevÙeeme keâer keâuee Skeâ-otmejs mes efYevve nQ~ (Ùe) FmeceW ieÅe kesâ ceeOÙece mes efkeâmeer YeeJehetCe& efJe<eÙe keâer
(Je) Fmekeâe ue#Ùe efkeâmeer hee$e, Iešvee, YeeJe, mebJesovee Deeefo keâer keâeJÙeelcekeâ DeefYeJÙeefkeäle nesleer nw~
ceee|cekeâ DeefYeJÙebpevee keâjvee neslee nw~ (j) FmeceW efJeÛeejeW keâer DeefYeJÙeefkeäle keâer Dehes#ee YeeJeeW keâer mejme
(6) Fmekeâe DeejcYe leLee Devle keâueelcekeâ leLee ØeYeeJehetCe& neslee nw~ DeefYeJÙeefkeäle keâer Deesj uesKekeâ keâe DeefOekeâ OÙeeve jnlee nw~
(a) ue j Je Ùe (ue) FmeceW uesKekeâ Deheves ùoÙe keâer mebJesovee keâer DeefYeJÙeefkeäle Fme
(b) Ùe j ue Je Øekeâej keâjlee nw efkeâ hee"keâ Gmes heÌ{keâj jmeceÙe nes peelee nw~
(c) j ue Ùe Je (Je) Fmekeâe ieÅe Yeer meeceevÙe ieÅe mes DeefOekeâ mejme, YeeJeelcekeâ,
(d) Je Ùe ue j Deuebke=âle, mebJesoveelcekeâ leLee mebieerleelcekeâ neslee nw~
58. (1) ›eâesOe DelÙevle keâ"esj neslee nw~ (6) Ùen efveyevOe keâer Dehes#ee mebef#ehle JewÙeefkeälekeâ leLee SkeâleLÙelee efueS
(Ùe) uesefkeâve ceewve Jen cev$e nw, efpemekesâ Deeies Gmekeâer meejer Meefkeäle neslee nw~
efJeHeâue nes peeleer nw~ (a) ue j Ùe Je (b) j ue Je Ùe
(j) Jen ceewve keâes menve veneR keâj mekeâlee~ (c) Ùe j ue Je (d) Ùe Je ue j
(ue) Jen osKevee Ûeenlee nw efkeâ cesje Skeâ-Skeâ JeekeäÙe efveMeeves hej 62. (1) peerJeve Skeâ mebIe<e& nw~
yew"lee nw Ùee veneR~ (Ùe) DemeneÙe efmLeefle ceW Yeer mebIe<e& ceW ketâoe pee mekeâlee nw~
(Je) Gmekeâer Meefkeäle Deheej nw, Ssmee keâesF& Ieelekeâ Dem$e veneR nw (j) ceeve efueÙee efkeâ Deehekesâ heeme meeOeveeW keâe DeYeeJe nw, uesefkeâve
efpememes yeÌ{keâj keâeš keâjves Jeeues cev$e Gmekeâer Mem$eMeeuee ceW Deehe lees nQ~
ve neW~ (ue) Yeues ner Deehe keâcepeesj nQ, uesefkeâve efJeheoeDeeW mes efYeÌ[ves keâe,
(6) ceewve Gmekesâ efueS DepesÙe nw~ kegâÚ ve kegâÚ keâjves keâe meenme lees Deehe ceW nw~
(a) ue j Je Ùe (b) Ùe Je j ue (c) j ue Je Ùe (d) Je j ue Ùe (Je) Fme mebIe<e& ceW Deheves Deehe keâes DemeneÙe mecePevee Deewj mebIe<e&
59. (1) mebmcejCe keâe DeLe& nw—‘mecÙekedâ mcejCe’ DeLee&led mebmcejCe ceW mes cegBn ceesÌ[ uesvee GefÛele veneR nw~
uesKekeâ mJeÙeb Deheveer DevegYeJe keâer ngF& efkeâmeer Jemleg, JÙeefkeäle leLee Iešvee (6) Ùener yengle nw~
keâe DeelceerÙelee leLee keâueelcekeâlee kesâ meeLe efJeJejCe Øemlegle keâjlee nw~ (a) j ue Je Ùe (b) Ùe j Je ue
(Ùe) jsKeeefÛe$e ceW efkeâmeer kesâ Ûeefj$e keâe keâueelcekeâ efÛe$e Øemlegle (c) Je Ùe j ue (d) Ùe Je j ue
efkeâÙee peelee nw, efkeâvleg mebmcejCe ceW efkeâmeer kesâ Ûeefj$e keâe 63. (1) meebmke=âeflekeâ JewefJeOÙe kesâ yeejs ceW meesÛevee nesiee~
ÙeLeeleLÙe ™he Øeoe|Mele efkeâÙee peelee nw~ (Ùe) Fmes efÛevlekeâ kesâ mlej hej osKee pee mekeâlee nw~
(j) FmeceW efkeâmeer efJeefMe<š JÙeefkeäle keâe mJe™he, Deekeâej-Øekeâej, (j) mebmke=âefle kesâ Devleie&le Deveskeâ meceeveleeSB nQ~
™he-jbie, mJeYeeJe, YeeJe-Yebefiecee JÙeJenej, peerJeve kesâ (ue) Ùener efJeefJeOelee ceW Skeâlee nw~
Øeefle Âef<škeâesCe, DevÙe JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ meeLe mecyevOe, yeeleÛeerle (Je) Ùen nceW Deueie-Deueie veneR yeveeleer~
Deeefo meYeer yeeleeW keâe efJeMJemeveerÙe ™he ceW DeelceerÙelee kesâ meeLe (6) Ùen nceejer Skeâ yeÌ[er Meefkeäle nw~
JeCe&ve neslee nw~ (a) Je j Ùe ue (b) Je ue j Ùe
(ue) FmeceW uesKekeâ Deheveer Dehes#ee Gme JÙeefkeäle keâes DeefOekeâ cenòJe (c) Ùe Je j ue (d) j Je ue Ùe
oslee nw, efpemekeâe Jen mebmcejCe efueKelee nw~
(Je) Fmekeâe mecyevOe ØeeÙe: ceneheg®<eeW mes neslee nw~ 64. (1) nceeje osMe lÙeesnejeW keâe osMe nw~
(6) efnvoer kesâ ØecegKe mebmcejCe uesKekeâeW ceW ßeerveejeÙeCe ÛelegJexoer,
(Ùe) Ùes lÙeesnej Guueeme peieeles nQ~
yeveejmeer oeme ÛelegJexoer, heodceeEmen Mecee& Deeefo nQ~ (j) ÙeneB Deveskeâ lÙeesnej ceveeS peeles nQ~
(a) Ùe j ue Je (b) Je ue j Ùe (ue) mecevJeÙe keâer YeeJevee Yeer Glhevve keâjles nQ~
(c) j ue Je Ùe (d) ue Je Ùe j (Je) peveceeveme ceW osMe-Yeefkeäle peieeles nQ~
{hÝXr$ 131
(6) Fve DeJemejeW hej nce meye KegefMeÙeeB ceveeles nQ~ (6) efyeieÌ[ves keâer mecYeeJevee yeveer jnleer nw~
(a) j ue Je Ùe (b) j Ùe Je ue (c) ue Je Ùe j (d) Je Ùe j ue (a) Ùe ue j Je (b) Je ue Ùe j
(c) j Je ue Ùe (d) ue j Je Ùe
65. (1) DeeÛeeÙe& jeceÛevõ Megkeäue iecYeerj efJeÛeejkeâ Les~
(Ùe) heefjCeecele: GvneWves Deheves efveyevOeeW ceW efpeme Yeer efJe<eÙe keâes 68. (1) Deheves megOeer hee"keâeW kesâ efueS nce Deepe mes
G"eÙee, Gmekesâ veS DeeÙeeceeW keâe GodIeešve efkeâÙee~ (Ùe) leeefkeâ Fmekeâer Ssefleneefmekeâ ieefjcee De#egCCe jns
(j) GvneWves Deheves efveyevOeeW ceW Fve leerveeW keâe meecebpemÙe mLeeefhele efkeâÙee~ (j) ‘Ûevõkeâevlee’ GhevÙeeme keâe DeefJekeâeue ™he Øemlegle keâj jns nQ~
(ue) Gvekeâe DeOÙeÙeve ienve SJeb efJemle=le Lee~ (ue) efkeâmeer efheâuceer DevegJeeo keâe heefjJeefle&le neskeâj veneR~
(Je) Gvekeâe peerJeveevegYeJe "esme Lee~ (Je) Deewj veF& heerÌ{er lekeâ Ùen Deheves cetue™he ceW peeS,
(6) YeeJe Ùee ceveesefJekeâej efveyevOe Fmekeâe mhe<š ØeceeCe nw~ (6) DeleSJe nceves Fmekeâes Gmeer ™he ceW jnves efoÙee nw, pewmes Ùen Lee~
(a) ue Je j Ùe (b) Je ue j Ùe (a) Ùe j ue Je (b) j ue Ùe Je
(c) Ùe Je j ue (d) Ùe ue Je j (c) j Ùe Je ue (d) ue Ùe Je j
66. (1) nceW Ùen mecePe uesvee ÛeeefnS efkeâ 69. (1) otjoMe&ve hej ØeoefMe&le oes OeejeJeeefnkeâ
(Ùe) Skeâ megvoj mJe¤he nw Deewj Ùen Yeer ceevevee nesiee efkeâ (Ùe) ueesie Fvekeâer henues mes Øeleer#ee keâjles jnles nQ
(j) Oece& keâer Yee<ee DeefOekeâ mhe<š, cetle& Deewj heefj<ke=âle (j) Fleves ueeskeâefØeÙe jns nQ efkeâ
(ue) nesleer ieF& nw Deewj Fmekesâ efueS yengle no lekeâ (ue) Deewj FvnW osKeves kesâ efueS
(Je) Oece& ceeveJe peeefle keâer cetueYetle DevegYetefleÙeeW keâe (Je) henues ‘jeceeÙeCe’ Deewj Deye ‘ceneYeejle’
(6) efJe%eeve ner GòejoeÙeer nw~ (6) Deheves meejs keâece-keâepe ÚesÌ[ osles nQ~
(a) Ùe j ue Je (b) j ue Je Ùe (c) Je Ùe j ue (d) Je Ùe ue j (a) ue Je Ùe j (b) j Ùe ue Je
efveoxMe (Øe.meb. 67-69) efvecveefueefKele JeekeäÙeeW ceW Gvekesâ ØeLece leLee Deefvlece
DebMe mebKÙee 1 Deewj 6 kesâ Devleie&le efoS ieS nQ~ yeerÛe Jeeues Ûeej DebMe (Ùe), 70. efnvoer kesâ Skeâ hetCe& JeekeäÙe keâes Ûeej YeeieeW ceW yeeBš eqoÙee ieÙee nw~ Deehekeâes
(j), (ue), (Je) efyevee ›eâce nQ~ ÛeejeW DebMeeW keâes GefÛele ›eâceevegmeej JÙeJeefmLele ÛeejeW YeeieeW keâes Ûegvekeâj mener ›eâce ceW ueieevee nw
keâj GefÛele efJekeâuhe ÛegveW~ 1. hejvleg DeefOekeâ mebieef"le Deewj MeefkeäleMeeueer Yeer nw
67. (1) cepeotjeW keâer yeefmleÙeeW ceW 2. efJeMJeemejeJe keâes leLeeiele keâer efJeMeeue mesvee keâe Devegceeve Lee
(Ùe) JeneB kesâ yeskeâej jnves Jeeues JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ 3. veneR nesiee, keäÙeeWefkeâ leLeeiele keâer mesvee ve kesâJeue mebKÙee ceW DeefOekeâ nw
(j) JÙeefkeäleÙeeW kesâ Dehes#eeke=âle Devepeeve nesves kesâ 4. Deewj Gmeves efJeÛeej yevee efueÙee Lee efkeâ Ùes meeOeejCe Ùegæ
(ue) Deewj keâuÙeeCekeâejer keâeÙe&keâueeheeW kesâ ve nesves mes (a) 4, 3, 2, 1 (b) 2, 3, 1, 4
(Je) leLee ceveesjbpeve, efMe#ee Deeefo keâer megefJeOeeDeeW (c) 2, 4, 1, 3 (d) 2, 4, 3, 1
CÎma‘mbm
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (a)
11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (a) 15. (a) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (a) 20. (c)
21. (d) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (a) 25. (d) 26. (a) 27. (b) 28. (c) 29. (d) 30. (a)
31. (d) 32. (a) 33. (d) 34. (c) 35. (a) 36. (a) 37. (b) 38. (a) 39. (c) 40. (a)
41. (d) 42. (a) 43. (b) 44. (c) 45. (d) 46. (a) 47. (b) 48. (c) 49. (d) 50. (a)
51. (b) 52. (c) 53. (d) 54. (a) 55. (b) 56. (c) 57. (d) 58. (a) 59. (b) 60. (c)
61. (d) 62. (c) 63. (d) 64. (b) 65. (a) 66. (c) 67. (c) 68. (c) 69. (d) 70. (d)
à¡[³R>g goQ> 01$ 3
CUET (UG) Section IA : {hÝXr ^mfm
à¡[³Q>g goQ> 01
efveosxMe: efoS ieS 50 ØeMve cesW mes efkeâvnerR Yeer 40 ØeMve kesâ Gòej osW~ meceÙe 45 efceveš
ceefnueeSB efvecve ceW mes efkeâmekeâer j#ee nsleg keâeueer Je ogiee& keâe ™he «enCe keâj
JÚm§e 1 4.
uesleer nQ?
pees ueesie Ùen meesÛeles nQ efkeâ ceefnueeDeeW keâes IejeW keâer ÛenejoerJeeefjÙeeW ceW ner kewâo (a) mJeeefYeceeve (b) Oeve
jnvee ÛeeefnS, Gvekeâer ceeveefmekeâlee mebkeâerCe& nw~ Ssmee FmeefueS efkeâ ceefnueeSB Yeer lees (c) efJeJeskeâ (d) veweflekeâ cetuÙe
ceeveJe nQ~ GvnW Yeer Deheves DeÛÚs-yegjs kesâ mebyebOe ceW meesÛeves leLee efJekeâeme keâjves keâe 5. ceefnueeDeeW keâes Iej ceW ner kewâo jnvee ÛeeefnS Ùen efkeâme ceeveefmekeâlee keâe
DeefOekeâej nw~ ‘ceveg<Ùe Skeâ efJeJeskeâMeerue ØeeCeer nw’—Ùen meJe&ceevÙe efmeæeble kesâJeue metÛekeâ nw?
heg®<eeW kesâ efueS lees veneR nw~ ceefnueeSB Yeer efJeJeskeâMeerue nQ Deewj Jes Yeer Dehevee (a) DeefJeJeskeâer (b) JÙeehekeâ
DeÛÚe-yegje mecePeleer nQ~ neB, Flevee DeJeMÙe nw efkeâ efpeme meceepe ceW Fleveer uebyeer (c) meeceLÙe&Jeeve (d) mebkegâefÛele
DeJeefOe lekeâ ceefnueeDeeW keâes oyeekeâj jKee ieÙee nw, JeneB DeejbYe ceW Gvekesâ GlLeeve
kesâ efueS Deej#eCe pewmeer JÙeJemLee keâjveer ner heÌ[sieer~ peye nceejs osMe ceW DevegmetefÛele JÚm§e 2
peeefleÙeeW SJeb pevepeeefleÙeeW kesâ GlLeeve kesâ efueS ueieeleej Deveskeâ Je<eeX lekeâ Deej#eCe
keâer JÙeJemLee keâer pee mekeâleer nw, lees ceefnueeDeeW kesâ efueS keäÙeeW veneR? DeeefKej keâye meeefnlÙe keâer MeeMJelelee keâe ØeMve Skeâ cenòJehetCe& ØeMve nw~ keäÙee meeefnlÙe MeeMJele
lekeâ ceefnueeSB ceveg keâer Gme metefkeäle keâe heeueve keâjleer jnWieer, efpemeceW keâne ieÙee nw neslee nw? Ùeefo neB, lees efkeâme ceeÙeves ceW? keäÙee keâesF& meeefnlÙe Deheves jÛeveekeâeue kesâ
efkeâ ceefnueeDeeW keâes yeeuÙekeâeue ceW efhelee, ÙegJeeJemLee kesâ yeeo heefle Deewj Je=æeJemLee meew Je<e& yeerle peeves hej Yeer Glevee ner Øeemebefiekeâ jnlee nw, efpelevee Jen Deheveer jÛevee
ceW heg$e kesâ mebj#eCe ceW Dehevee peerJeve JÙeleerle keâjvee ÛeeefnS~ ceefnueeDeeW keâes Deyeuee kesâ meceÙe Lee? Deheves meceÙe Ùee Ùegie keâe efvecee&lee meeefnlÙekeâej keäÙee meew Je<e& yeeo
keâne peelee nw Deewj peerJeve kesâ JÙeeJeneefjkeâ #es$e ceW Gvekeâer Ghes#ee keâer peeleer nw~ keâer heefjefmLeefleÙeeW keâe Yeer Ùegie efvecee&lee nes mekeâlee nw? meceÙe yeouelee jnlee nw,
‘Deyeuee peerJeve neÙe legcnejer Ùener keâneveer, DeeBÛeue ceW nw otOe Deewj DeeBKeeW ceW heefjefmLeefleÙeeB Deewj YeeJeyeesOe yeoueles nQ, meeefnlÙe yeouelee nw Deewj Fmeer kesâ
heeveer’ keânkeâj GvnW Gvekesâ neue hej ner ÚesÌ[ efoÙee peelee nw, hejbleg heg®<eeW keâes Ùen meceeveeblej hee"keâ keâer ceeveefmekeâlee Deewj DeefYe®efÛe Yeer yeoueleer nw~ Dele: keâesF& Yeer
%eele nesvee ÛeeefnS efkeâ meceÙe Deeves hej ceefnueeSB ogiee& Deewj keâeueer keâe ™he Yeer keâefJelee Deheves meeceefÙekeâ heefjJesMe kesâ yeoue peeves hej "erkeâ Jener Gòespevee hewoe veneR
OeejCe keâj mekeâleer nQ Deewj Deheves Deelcemecceeve keâer Øeeefhle SJeb Gmekeâer j#eeLe& keâj mekeâleer, pees Gmeves Deheves jÛeveekeâeue kesâ oewjeve keâer nesieer~ keânves keâe leelheÙe&
kegâÚ Yeer keâj mekeâleer nQ~ Ùen nw efkeâ Skeâ efJeMes<e Øekeâej kesâ meeefnlÙe kesâ ßes<" DeefmlelJe cee$e mes Jen meeefnlÙe
nj Ùegie kesâ efueS Glevee ner efJeMes<e Deekeâ<e&Ce jKes, Ùen DeeJeMÙekeâ veneR nw~ Ùener
1. ceveg keâer metefkeäle kesâ Devegmeej, Je=æeJemLee ceW ceefnueeSB efkeâmekesâ mebj#eCe ceW keâejCe nw efkeâ Jele&ceeve Ùegie ceW Fbieuee-efhebieuee, meg<egcvee, Deveno, veeo Deeefo
Dehevee peerJeve JÙeleerle keâjleer nQ? heeefjYeeef<ekeâ MeyoeJeueer ceve ceW efJeMes<e YeeJeesòespeve veneR keâjleer~ meeefnlÙe keâer
(a) mJeÙeb kesâ (b) heefle kesâ ßes<"lee cee$e ner Gmekesâ efvelÙe Deekeâ<e&Ce keâe DeeOeej veneR nw~ Gmekeâer ßes<"lee keâe
(c) F&MJej kesâ (d) heg$e kesâ
ÙegieÙegieerve DeeOeej, Jes peerJeve-cetuÙe leLee Gvekeâer DelÙeble keâueelcekeâ DeefYeJÙeefkeäle
2. peerJeve kesâ efkeâme #es$e ceW ceefnueeDeeW keâer meJee&efOekeâ Ghes#ee keâer peeleer nw? nw, pees ceveg<Ùe keâer mJeleb$elee leLee GÛÛelej ceeveJe efJekeâeme kesâ efueS heLe-ØeoMe&keâ
(a) mewæeefvlekeâ (b) JÙeeJeneefjkeâ keâe keâece keâjleer nQ~ hegjeves meeefnlÙe keâe kesâJeue Jener ßeer-meeQoÙe& nceejs efueS «ee¢e
(c) veweflekeâ (d) jepeveereflekeâ nesiee, pees veJeerve peerJeve-cetuÙeeW kesâ efJekeâeme ceW meef›eâÙe menÙeesie os DeLeJee efmLeefle
3. ceefnueeDeeW kesâ GlLeeve kesâ efueS meJe&ØeLece efkeâmekeâer JÙeJemLee keâer peeveer j#ee ceW meneÙekeâ nes~
ÛeeefnS? kegâÚ ueesie meeefnlÙe keâer meeceeefpekeâ Øeefleyeælee keâes DemJeerkeâej keâjles nQ~ Jes ceeveles
(a) Deej#eCe
nQ efkeâ meeefnlÙekeâej efvejhes#e neslee nw Deewj Gme hej keâesF& Yeer oyeeJe Deejesefhele veneR
(b) ÛenejoerJeejer kesâ Yeerlej Øeieefle kesâ DeJemej GheueyOe keâjevee
(c) yeewefækeâlee keâer hejer#ee uesvee
nesvee ÛeeefnS, eEkeâleg Jes Yetue peeles nQ efkeâ meeefnlÙe kesâ efvecee&Ce keâer cetue ØesjCee ceeveJe
(d) (a) Deewj (b) oesveeW peerJeve ceW ner efJeÅeceeve jnleer nw~ peerJeve kesâ efueS ner Gmekeâer me=ef<š nesleer nw~
leguemeeroeme peye ‘mJeeble: megKeeÙe’ keâeJÙe jÛevee keâjles nQ, leye DeefYeØeeÙe Ùen veneR
jnlee efkeâ ceeveJe meceepe kesâ efueS Fme jÛevee keâe keâesF& GheÙeesie veneR nw, yeefukeâ Yeejle-heeefkeâmleeve Ùegæ ceW osMe keâe vesle=lJe efkeâÙee Lee~ osMe keâes efJepeÙeer yeveeÙee Lee
Gvekesâ Deble:keâjCe ceW mebhetCe& mebmeej keâer megKe-YeeJevee SJeb efnle-keâecevee meefvveefnle Deewj pevelee keâes ‘peÙe peJeeve, peÙe efkeâmeeve’ kesâ ØesjCeeJeæ&keâ Meyo efoS Les~
jnleer nw~ pees meeefnlÙekeâej Deheves mebhetCe& JÙeefkeälelJe keâes JÙeehekeâ ueeskeâ peerJeve ceW Jes yeÌ[s efveOe&ve heefjJeej mes mebyebefOele Les~ veoer heej mketâue ceW peeves kesâ efueS veewkeâe
meefvveefJe<š keâj oslee nw, Gmeer kesâ neLeeW mLeeÙeer SJeb ØesjCeeØeo meeefnlÙe keâe me=peve Jeeues keâes hewmes Yeer veneR os mekeâles Les, efkebâleg GveceW DeeuemÙe veneR Lee~ Dele: Øeefleefove
nes mekeâlee nw~ lewj keâj veoer heej keâjles Les~ GvneWves efvejeMee keâes keâYeer ceve ceW veneR Deeves efoÙee Lee~
6. keâefJelee meowJe Skeâmeceeve Gòespevee hewoe keäÙeeW veneR keâj heeleer? Fmeer cesnvele Deewj mJeeJeuebyeve keâe heefjCeece Lee efkeâ Skeâ efove Jes ØeOeeveceb$eer yeves~
(a) meeceefÙekeâ heeefjJesefMekeâ heefjJele&ve kesâ keâejCe peye Jes ØeOeeveceb$eer Les, leye Yeer Jes ÛehejeefmeÙeeW Deewj meneÙekeâeW hej Deeefßele veneR
(b) meeefnlÙekeâej yeoueves kesâ keâejCe jnles Les~ Dehevee keâesF& Yeer keâece GvnW Úesše veneR ueielee Lee~ [e@keäšj yevekeâj Ùeefo
(c) keâefJelee kesâ GheÙegkeäle Meer<e&keâ keâe DeYeeJe Deehe jesieer keâer DeebefMekeâ osKeYeeue keâjW, FbpeerefveÙej yevekeâj otmejeW hej ngkeäce ÛeueeSB
(d) DeuebkeâejÙegkeäle Yee<ee ØeÙeesie ve nesves kesâ keâejCe
DeLeJee JÙeeheejer yevekeâj Dehevee efnmeeye-efkeâleeye mJeÙeb ve osKeW, lees JÙeJemeeÙe lees
7. mLeeÙeer meeefnlÙe efvecee&Ce kesâ efueS DeefveJeeÙe& ™he mes keäÙee DeeJeMÙekeâ nw? [tyesiee ner Deehekeâes Yeer [tyevee nesiee~ otmejeW mes keâeÙe& uesles meceÙe Yeer mJeÙeb meef›eâÙe
(a) GÛÛe efMe#ee Øeehle meeefnlÙekeâej jnvee meHeâuelee keâer ØeLece meerÌ{er nw~
(b) meeefnlÙekeâej kesâ JÙeefkeälelJe keâer DeefYeJÙeefkeäle
(c) meebmeeefjkeâ efnle keâer Ghes#ee 11. efkeâmeer Yeer veeieefjkeâ keâe ceneve iegCe keäÙee nw?
(d) peerJeve cetuÙeeW kesâ efJekeâeme ceW menÙeesieer (a) hejeJeuebyeer (b) mJeeJeuebyeer
(c) yeewefækeâlee (d) veweflekeâlee
8. meeefnlÙe kesâ eqvecee&Ce keâer cetue ØesjCee efkeâmeceW efJeÅeceeve jnleer nw?
(a) Øeeke=âeflekeâ meewvoÙe& ceW (b) mJe megKe YeeJevee ceW 12. ueeue yeneogj Meem$eer ves osMeJeeefmeÙeeW keâes keâewve-mes ØesjCeeJeæ&keâ Meyo efoS?
(c) ceeveJe peerJeve ceW (d) mJeefnle keâecevee ceW (a) Jebos ceelejced (b) keâjes Ùee cejes
(c) Fkeâueeye efpevoeyeeo (d) peÙe peJeeve, peÙe efkeâmeeve
9. meceÙe heefjJele&ve kesâ meeLe-meeLe efkeâme-efkeâmeceW heefjJele&ve efoKeeF& heÌ[lee nw?
(a) hee"keâ keâer DeefYe®efÛe (b) efJeÛeej SJeb YeeJeyeesOe 13. otmejeW mes menÙeesie uesves kesâ meeLe-meeLe mJeÙeb Yeer meef›eâÙe jnvee efkeâmekeâer
(c) meeefneflÙekeâ efJe<eÙe (d) Ùes meYeer ØeLece meerÌ{er nw?
(a) meheâuelee (b) mJeeJeuebyeve
10. meeefnlÙe keâer MeeMJelelee mes keäÙee DeefYeØeeÙe nw? (c) hejeOeervelee (d) efJeheâuelee
(a) JÙeekeâjefCekeâ efveÙeceeW keâe heeueve
(b) meeefnlÙe keâer Øeemebefiekeâlee 14. Deheves efkeâve iegCeeW kesâ keâejCe ueeue yeneogj Meem$eer ØeOeeveceb$eer yeves?
(c) peerJeve cetuÙeeW keâe efJekeâeme (a) DeeMeeJeeoer oef<škeâesCe (b) heefjßece
(d) hee"keâ kesâ efJeÛeejeW keâer DeefYeJÙeefkeäle (c) mJeeJeuebyeve (d) Ùes meYeer
15. ueeue yeneogj Meem$eer kewâmes heefjJeej mes mebyebefOele Les?
JÚm§e 3 (a) Oeveer (b) efveOe&ve
(c) ceOÙeceJeieeaÙe (d) GÛÛeJeieeaÙe
Deheves keâeÙe& keâes mJeÙeb ner keâjvee mJeeJeuebyeve keânueelee nw~ Ùeefo ceveg<Ùe peerJeve keâer
efkeâmeer Yeer efmLeefle ceW Dehevee keâeÙe& mJeÙeb keâjs, lees Jen mJeeJeuebyeer keânueelee nw~ 16. heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer Meyo keâe keâewve-mee Ùegice mener veneR nw?
mJeeJeuebyeer nesvee veeieefjkeâ keâe ceneved iegCe nw~ mJeeJeuebyeve yeÌ[hheve keâe iegCe nw~ (a) Jemegceleer-Oejleer (b) Jeeefpe-eEmen
(c) cejerefÛe-efkeâjCe (d) Jeefnve- Deeie
keânles nQ efkeâ Skeâ efove Øeefmeæ efJeÉeved F&MJejÛebõ efJeÅeemeeiej jsueJes mšsMeve kesâ
yeenj KeÌ[s Les, leYeer Yeerlej mes Skeâ JÙeefkeäle neLe ceW Skeâ Úesše yekeämee efueS Gvekesâ 17. megOeekeâj Meyo efkeâmekeâe heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer nw?
heeme DeeÙee~ GvnW meeOeejCe JesMe ceW osKekeâj Yetue mes kegâueer mecePe yew"e Deewj (a) efmevOeg (b) peueeMeÙe
yeesuee, ‘‘cesje meeceeve ues Ûeueesies?’’ F&MJejÛebõ efyevee kegâÚ yeesues Gmekeâe (c) Ûevõcee (d) yeeoue
meeceeve G"ekeâj Ûeue efoS~ ue#Ùe hej hengBÛekeâj peye Jen GvnW ce]peotjer osves ueiee 18. ‘mecYeJe’ Meyo keâe DeeMeÙe nw
lees Jes yeesues, ‘‘ceÌpeotjer veneR ÛeeefnS~ legce Dehevee keâece mJeÙeb veneR keâj mekeâles, (a) pevce (b) Ieefšle nesvee
FmeefueS ceQves legcnejer meneÙelee keâj oer~’’ JÙeefkeäle ueefppele ngDee~ (c) mebÙeesie (d) Ùes meYeer
peye Gmes Ùen helee Ûeuee efkeâ Jen kegâueer yebieeue keâe Øeefmeæ efJeÉeved nw, lees Jen 19. ‘DeieesÛej’ keâe DeeMeÙe nw
Gvekesâ hewjeW ceW efiej heÌ[e~ Dehevee keâeÙe& mJeÙeb keâjves keâer meewiebOe ueer~ leelheÙe& Ùen nw (a) yeÇÿe
efkeâ keâesF& efkeâlevee Yeer yeÌ[e DeefOekeâejer, meentkeâej Ùee OeveJeeve keäÙeeW ve nes, Gmes (b) FefvõÙeeleerle
(c) Jen pees osKee Ùee peevee ve pee mekesâ
mJeeJeuebyeer yevevee ÛeeefnS~ Deehe [e@keäšj Ùee FbpeerefveÙej yevevee Ûeenles nQ, Jekeâerue (d) Ghejeskeäle meYeer
Ùee ØeeOÙeehekeâ yevevee Ûeenles nQ, JÙeeheejer Ùee veslee yevevee Ûeenles nQ—mJeeJeuebyeve
meyekesâ efueS DeefveJeeÙe& nw~ yeÌ[e JÙeefkeäle yeveves kesâ ceeie& ceW Deveskeâ yeeOeeSB Deeleer nQ~ 20. veerÛes efoS ieS MeyoeW kesâ DeLe& yeleeFS~
Ùeefo Gvekesâ keâejCe nce efvejeMe nes peeSB, mebIe<e& mes peer ÛegjeSB Ùee cesnvele mes otj ‘Decetue—DecetuÙe’
(a) pekeâÌ[jefnle—keâercele (b) peeuejefnle—keâerceleer
jnW, lees Yeuee nceW yeÌ[hheve keâneB mes efceuesiee? Deeheves Yeejle kesâ mJeieeaÙe ØeOeeveceb$eer (c) peÌ[jefnle—keâerceleer (d) peuejefnle—keâerceleer
ßeer ueeue yeneogj Meem$eer keâe veece megvee nesiee, efpevneWves Je<e& 1965 ceW
à¡[³R>g goQ> 01$ 5
21. ‘efÚvve’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw (6) YeeJe Ùee ceveesefJekeâej efveyevOe Fmekeâe mhe<š ØeceeCe nw~
(a) efYevve (b) DeefYevve (a) ue Je j Ùe (b) Je ue j Ùe
(c) Øeef#ehle (d) mebueive (c) Ùe Je j ue (d) Ùe ue Je j
22. ‘pebiece’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw 33. (1) nceW Ùen mecePe uesvee ÛeeefnS efkeâ
(a) mLeeJej (b) ØeJeen (c) meyeue (d) ogye&ue (Ùe) Skeâ megvoj mJe¤he nw Deewj Ùen Yeer ceevevee nesiee efkeâ
23. ‘vewmee|iekeâ’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw (j) Oece& keâer Yee<ee DeefOekeâ mhe<š, cetle& Deewj heefj<ke=âle
(a) meceeveeLe&keâ (b) ke=âef$ece (ue)nesleer ieF& nw Deewj Fmekesâ efueS yengle no lekeâ
(c) Ûecelkeâej (d) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR (Je) Oece& ceeveJe peeefle keâer cetueYetle DevegYetefleÙeeW keâe
24. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve-mee Meyo ‘ue#ceer’ keâe heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer veneR nw? (6) efJe%eeve ner GòejoeÙeer nw~
(a) jcee (b) Fbefoje (a) Ùe j ue Je (b) j ue Je Ùe
(c) keâceuee (d) Yeejleer (c) Je Ùe j ue (d) Je Ùe ue j
25. efvecveefueefKele ces mes keâewve-mee Meyo ‘keâheÌ[e’ keâe heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer veneR nw? 34. (1) otjoMe&ve hej ØeoefMe&le oes OeejeJeeefnkeâ
(a) Jem$e (b) heš (Ùe) ueesie Fvekeâer henues mes Øeleer#ee keâjles jnles nQ
(c) Jemeve (d) Jeemeve (j) Fleves ueeskeâefØeÙe jns nQ efkeâ
(ue) Deewj FvnW osKeves kesâ efueS
26. Gmekeâe ùoÙe Flevee keâesceue nw efkeâ efce$e lees keäÙee Jen Deheves ........ keâes Yeer (Je) henues ‘jeceeÙeCe’ Deewj Deye ‘ceneYeejle’
Ûeesš veneR hengBÛee mekeâlee~
(6) Deheves meejs keâece-keâepe ÚesÌ[ osles nQ~
(a) menÙeesieer (b) efJehe#eer
(c) ØeeflejesOeer (d) Me$eg (a) ue Je Ùe j (b) j Ùe ue Je
27. Meem$e mes nceW efkeâmeer efJe<eÙe keâe %eeve efJeefOehetJe&keâ neslee nw Deewj keâuee mes nce
Gme efJe<eÙe keâe ........ meerKeles nQ~ 35. efnvoer kesâ Skeâ hetCe& JeekeäÙe keâes Ûeej YeeieeW ceW yeeBš eqoÙee ieÙee nw~ Deehekeâes
(a) ØeÙeesie (b) mebÙeesie ÛeejeW YeeieeW keâes Ûegvekeâj mener ›eâce ceW ueieevee nw
(c) GheÙeesie (d) %eeve 1. hejvleg DeefOekeâ mebieef"le Deewj MeefkeäleMeeueer Yeer nw
2. efJeMJeemejeJe keâes leLeeiele keâer efJeMeeue mesvee keâe Devegceeve Lee
28. Deb«es]peer ceW keâece keâjves keâe DeYÙeeme nesves kesâ keâejCe DeefOekeâejer Je keâce&Ûeejer
3. veneR nesiee, keäÙeeWefkeâ leLeeiele keâer mesvee ve kesâJeue mebKÙee ceW DeefOekeâ nw
efnvoer ceW Dehevee keâece keâjves ceW ........ nQ~
4. Deewj Gmeves efJeÛeej yevee efueÙee Lee efkeâ Ùes meeOeejCe Ùegæ
(a) efPePekeâles (b) Mecee&les (c) Ieyejeles (d) [jles
(a) 4, 3, 2, 1 (b) 2, 3, 1, 4
29. pees JÙeefkeäle mevleg<š peerJeve JÙeleerle keâjvee Ûeenles nQ, GvnW efkeâmeer otmejs kesâ (c) 2, 4, 1, 3 (d) 2, 4, 3, 1
keâeÙe& mes ........ veneR keâjveer ÛeeefnS~ 36. (1) efnvoer meeefnlÙe kesâ Fefleneme keâe keâeueefJeYeepeve keâeue›eâce keâer Âef<š
(a) F&<Ùee& (b) lelhejlee
(c) leerJeÇlee (d) MeerIeÇlee
mes Ûeej keâeueeW—Deeefo, hetJe& ceOÙe, Gòej ceOÙe Deewj DeeOegefvekeâ ceW
efkeâÙee peelee nw~
30. ceQ Ùen meesÛe Yeer veneR mekeâlee Lee efkeâ legce Ssmee peIevÙe........ keâjesies~ (Ùe) DeheYeübMe keâeue ceW pewve, veeLe, efmeæ keâefJeÙeeW Éeje efueefKele
(a) DehejeOe (b) ØeÙeeme pees meece«eer GheueyOe nw, Gmes Jes meeefnlÙe keâer keâesefš ceW jKeves
(c) JÙeJenej (d) JÙeJemeeÙe
keâes lewÙeej veneR nQ~
31. (1) nceeje osMe lÙeesnejeW keâe osMe nw~ (j) FmeefueS Jes Deeefokeâeue keâes ‘JeerjieeLee keâeue’ keânvee GefÛele
(Ùe) Ùes lÙeesnej Guueeme peieeles nQ~ mecePeles nQ~
(j) ÙeneB Deveskeâ lÙeesnej ceveeS peeles nQ~ (ue)heb. jeceÛevõ Megkeäue ves keâeue ›eâce mes efJeYeeefpele Fve keâeueKeC[eW
(ue)mecevJeÙe keâer YeeJevee Yeer Glhevve keâjles nQ~ keâe veecekeâjCe Fme Øekeâej efkeâÙee—Deeefokeâeue keâes DeheYeübMe
(Je) peveceeveme ceW osMe-Yeefkeäle peieeles nQ~ keâeJÙe Deewj osMeYee<ee keâeJÙe ceW efJeYeeefpele keâjkesâ osMeYee<ee
(6) Fve DeJemejeW hej nce meye KegefMeÙeeB ceveeles nQ~ keâeJÙe keâes ‘JeerjieeLee’ veece efoÙee~
(a) j ue Je Ùe (b) j Ùe Je ue (Je) Gvekesâ Devegmeej osMeYee<ee keâeJÙe keâer JeerjieeLeelcekeâlee mecetÛes
(c) ue Je Ùe j (d) Je Ùe j ue Deeefokeâeue keâer meeefneflÙekeâ ØeJe=efòe nw~
32. (1) DeeÛeeÙe& jeceÛevõ Megkeäue iecYeerj efJeÛeejkeâ Les~ (6) hetJe&-ceOÙekeâeue keâes Jes Yeefkeälekeâeue, Gòej ceOÙekeâeue keâes jereflekeâeue
(Ùe) heefjCeecele: GvneWves Deheves efveyevOeeW ceW efpeme Yeer efJe<eÙe keâes Deewj DeeOegefvekeâ keâeue keâes ieÅekeâeue keânvee GefÛele mecePeles nQ~
G"eÙee, Gmekesâ veS DeeÙeeceeW keâe GodIeešve efkeâÙee~ (a) Ùe j ue Je (b) ue Ùe Je j
(j) GvneWves Deheves efveyevOeeW ceW Fve leerveeW keâe meecebpemÙe mLeeefhele (c) j ue Je Ùe (d) Je j ue Ùe
efkeâÙee~
(ue)Gvekeâe DeOÙeÙeve ienve SJeb efJemle=le Lee~ 37. (1) meenme Deewj DeelceefJeMJeeme kesâ meeLe peervee ner meÛÛee peerJeve nw~
(Je) Gvekeâe peerJeveevegYeJe "esme Lee~ (Ùe) Ssmes JÙeefkeäle kesâ meeceves heneÌ[ Yeer Dehevee efmej Pegkeâe uesles nQ~
(j) Skeâ yeej DemeHeâue nesves hej Yeer veF& Gcebie, veS efJeMJeeme Je 41. legkeâea Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
veS meenme mes efHeâj ØeÙelve keâjlee nw~ (a) Deekeâe (b) DeKejesš
(ue)Deewj ogjeMee Gmekesâ heeme lekeâ veneR Heâškeâleer~ (c) peceeueieesJe (d) uegÛÛee
(Je) meenmeer JÙeefkeäle keâYeer-Yeer Dehevee keâce& veneR ÚesÌ[lee~ 42. hegle&ieeueer Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(6) Ssmes ner JÙeefkeäle Deheves je<š^ Je meceepe kesâ veslee nesles nQ~ (a) efhemleesue (b) šsefveme (c) meeFbme (d) lecevee
(a) j ue Je Ùe (b) ue j Je Ùe 43. heâejmeer Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(c) Je j Ùe ue (d) Ùe j ue Je (a) Deheâmeesme (b) Deevee
38. (1) ÚeÙeeJeeoer Ùegie ØeOeevele: cegkeälekeâ ieerleeW keâe Ùegie nw~ (c) Dejkeâue (d) YeÌ[eme
(Ùe) jecekegâceej Jecee& kesâ ieerle Yeer ueeskeâefØeÙe ngS nQ~ 44. mebkeâj Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(j) efÛe$eceÙeer keâuhevee leLee uee#eefCekeâ Øeleerkeâelcekeâ Mewueer keâes (a) De]KeyeejJeeuee (b) keâew[er
Deheveekeâj ÚeÙeeJeeoer keâefJeÙeeW ves keâefJelee keâes mepeerJe Deewj (c) efkeâmmee (d) Deeole
mejme yevee efoÙee~ 45. heMlees Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS
(ue)efvejeuee Deewj ceneosJeer kesâ keâeJÙe ceW ieerefle keâe megvoj efJeOeeve (a) leueeMe (b) ojesiee (c) YeeÌ[e (d) cešjieMleer
nw~
46. JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo mes mecyeefvOele keâewve-mee peesÌ[e ieuele nw?
(Je) Ùes cegkeälekeâ ieerle iesÙe leLee mebieerleelcekeâ nQ~ (a) efpemekeâe Fueepe keâef"ve nes-og:meeOÙe
(6) YeeJeevegketâue Úbo ÛeÙeve keâjves ceW Yeer GvneWves Deheveer ceewefuekeâlee keâe (b) pees ceveg<Ùelee mes otj nes-Deceevegef<ekeâ
ØeoMe&ve efkeâÙee nw~ (c) pees keâce KeÛe& keâjves Jeeuee nes-DeheJÙeÙeer
(a) ue Ùe j Je (b) Ùe j ue Je (d) pees Fefleneme efueKes peeves kesâ Ùegie mes hetJe& keâe nes-Øeeiewefleneefmekeâ
(c) j Ùe ue Je (d) Je ue Ùe j
47. efvecveefueefKele JeekeäÙeebMeeW kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo ceW mes keâewve-mee megcesefuele
39. (1) efjheeslee&pe cetuele: øeâebmeermeer Meyo nw Deewj Deb«espeer kesâ ‘efjheesš&’ Meyo veneR nw?
keâe heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer leLee meeefneflÙekeâ veece nw~ (a) pees JeCe&ve kesâ yeenj nw - JeCe&veeleerle
(Ùe) FmeceW kegâÚ cenòJehetCe& IešveeDeeW leLee hee"keâeW keâer (b) pees osKee veneR pee mekeâlee - DeÂMÙe
efJeefMe<šleeDeeW keâe efvepeer met#ce efvejer#eCe kesâ DeeOeej hej (c) pees Deeefce<e veneR Keelee - meeefce<e
ceveesJew%eeefvekeâ efJeJesÛeve leLee efJeMues<eCe neslee nw~ (d) pees henje oslee nw - Øenjer
(j) Jen Fme Øekeâej efueKelee nw efkeâ Jen pees kegâÚ efueKe jne nw 48. ‘pees ØeceeCe mes efmeæ ve nes mekesâ’ kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw
ceevees Gmekeâe DeeBKeeW osKee ner nes~ (a) DeØeceeefCele
(ue)efjheeslee&pe kesâ uesKekeâ keâes Deheves JeCÙe& efJe<eÙe keâe hetCe& %eeve (b) DeØecesÙe
neslee nw~ (c) Deheefjefcele
(d) DeveØeceeefCele
(Je) efjheeslee&pe ceW efkeâmeer Iešvee keâe Fme Øekeâej JeCe&ve efkeâÙee peelee
nw efkeâ hee"keâ Gmemes ØeYeeefJele nes peelee nw~ 49. ‘Jeve ceW ueieves Jeeueer Deeie’ JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw
(6) Fmekeâer Mewueer efJeJejCeelcekeâ leLee JeCe&veelcekeâ nesleer nw, efpemeceW (a) yeÌ[Jeeefive (b) oeJeeefive
mejuelee, jesÛekeâlee, DeelceerÙelee leLee ØeYeeJehetCe&lee keâe efJeMes<e (c) efJejneefive (d) pe"jeefive
cenòJe neslee nw~ 50. ‘Jen veeefÙekeâe pees Deheves heefle kesâ hejosMe ceW nesves kesâ keâejCe og:Keer nes’
(a) ue j Je Ùe (b) j ue Ùe Je Jen nw
(c) Ùe j ue Je (d) Je ue j Ùe (a) Øeesef<eleheeflekeâe
40. efvecveefueefKele MeyoeW ceW mes mener Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS (b) efJeÙeesefieveer
(a) lej]heâ (b) Deevee (c) efJejnefJeoiOee
(c) Jevee& (d) ieÌ[yeÌ[ (d) KeefC[lee
CÎma‘mbm
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (a) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (b)
11. (d) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (d) 15. (c) 16. (b) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (d) 20. (c)
21. (d) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (d) 25. (d) 26. (d) 27. (c) 28. (a) 29. (a) 30. (a)
31. (b) 32. (a) 33. (c) 34. (d) 35. (d) 36. (b) 37. (c) 38. (d) 39. (d) 40. (a)
41. (a) 42. (a) 43. (a) 44. (a) 45. (d) 46. (c) 47. (c) 48. (b) 49. (b) 50. (a)
à¡[³R>g goQ> 02$ 7
CUET (UG) Section IA : {hÝXr ^mfm
à¡[³Q>g goQ> 02
efveosxMe: efoS ieS 50 ØeMve cesW mes efkeâvnerR Yeer 40 ØeMve kesâ Gòej osW~ meceÙe 45 efceveš
5. Iej kesâ efyeieÌ[ves hej keäÙee yevelee nw?

JÚm§e 1 (a) efjMles (b) efveboveerÙe efJe<eÙe
uebyes me]Heâj hej efvekeâueles ngS Iej ceevees Iesj ueslee nw Deewj Gmemes ueewšles ngS Iej (c) vejkeâ (d) ÛeÛee& keâe efJe<eÙe
ceevees KeeRÛe ueslee nw~ Hetâue keâer lejn megyen keâes Iej efKeueles nQ Deewj mebotkeâ keâer
lejn jele ceW yebo nes peeles nQ~ Deejece nw, lees Iej ceW; yeerceejer nw, lees Iej ceW~ JÚm§e 2
jesÌpeieej keâjles nQ, lees Iej kesâ efueS; yeenj oewÌ[les nQ, lees Iej kesâ efueS~ Deeoceer keâer YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle kesâ mebyebOe ceW kegâÚ ueesieeW keâe keânvee nw efkeâ YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle hej
henÛeeve Yeer Iej nw~ heefle nw, lees Jen IejJeeuee nw; m$eer nw, lees Jen IejJeeueer nw~ ™efÌ{Jeeefolee neJeer nw—veJeervelee kesâ meeLe heefjJele&veerÙelee keâe efyeukegâue DeYeeJe nw
leyeerÙele Kejeye nw, lees Iej ceW; veejeÌpe nQ, lees Iej kesâ ueesie~ ÛeÛee& Ûeueleer nw, Deewj Fmeer keâejCe Fmekeâe efJe%eeve SJeb ØeewÅeesefiekeâer kesâ meeLe meecebpemÙe mLeeefhele veneR
Iej-Iej eEveoe nesleer nw, lees Iej-Iej hetÚles nQ—legcneje Iej keâneB nw? ueesie keânles nes mekeâe nw~ heeMÛeelÙe efJeÉeveeW ves Fme lejn kesâ efJeÛeejeW keâes ØeÛeeefjle-Øemeeefjle
nQ—Deye lees Iej keâj uees~ efve"uues nQ, lees Iej yew"s nQ, keâece-keâepeer nQ, lees Iej efkeâÙee nw~ Gvekeâe keânvee nw efkeâ YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle keâe mebyebOe Fme ogefveÙee mes ve
Yejves ceW ueies nQ~ ueesieeW keâes Iej-yeej mes Hegâjmele ner veneR efceueleer~ efHeâj efpelevee neskeâj efkeâmeer Deewj ogefveÙee mes nw, eEkeâleg Gvekesâ Éeje ØeÛeeefjle keâer pee jner Ùes yeeleW
yeÌ[e Iej, Gleveer yeÌ[er yeeleW~ Deheves Iej keâer keâewve keânsiee? Iej lees yeBOelee ner nw, efyeukegâue leLÙenerve nQ, melÙelee mes hejs nQ~ YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle Éeje efveOee&efjle
uesefkeâve Iej mes meye yeBOes jnles nQ~ Iej keâer Hetâš yegjer nesleer nw Deewj Iej HeâesÌ[ves keâer peerJeve-heæefle kesâ oes he#e nQ—heg®<eeLe& Deewj DeelcemeeleerkeâjCe~
yeele DeÛÚer veneR nesleer, efHeâj Yeer Iej HetBâkeâ keâj leceeMee osKeves Jeeues Yeer Iej ceW ner
henues he#e kesâ Devegmeej, Oece&, DeLe&, keâece Deewj cees#e ceveg<Ùe peerJeve kesâ Ûeej
jnles nQ~ Ssmee nw Ùen Iej~ ceeuetce veneR, meyemes henues Iej efkeâmeves yeveeÙee Lee Deewj
DeeOeejYetle leòJe nQ~ FveceW mes efkeâmeer Skeâ keâer Yeer keâceer jn peeves mes ceeveJe peerJeve
keäÙeeW yeveeÙee Lee? Oethe-meoea Deewj nJee-heeveer mes yeÛeves kesâ efueS yeveeÙee nesiee~ ceQ
efve<Heâue nes peelee nw—Ssmeer ceevÙelee nw YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle SJeb oMe&ve keâer~
lees mecePelee ntB efkeâ Iej yeveeves Jeeuee henuee Deeoceer mJeie& Deewj vejkeâ oesveeW
heeMÛeelÙe efJeÛeejkeâeW ves ‘cees#e’ SJeb ‘keâece’ keâes ØecegKelee Øeoeve keâj ‘keâce&’ keâes
osKekeâj Fme ogefveÙee ceW DeeÙee nesiee, ceiej MeeÙeo Ssmee Yeer veneR~ Iej yevee, lees
ieewCe keâj efoÙee Deewj Fmeer keâejCe mes GvnW YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle leLee efJe%eeve SJeb
mJeie& Yeer yeve ieÙee Deewj Iej efyeieÌ[e, lees vejkeâ Yeer yeve ieÙee~ hÙeej-ogueej, Skeâlee
ØeewÅeesefiekeâer ceW meecebpemÙelee veneR efoKeer~ efJe%eeve SJeb ØeewÅeesefiekeâer keâe Yeejle ceW
Deewj mebie"ve nw, lees Iej mJeie& nw~ Jewj-DeefJeÛeej, Hetâš Deewj PeieÌ[e nw, lees Iej
megoerIe& Fefleneme nw Deewj Fmes meQOeJe keâeue mes ner ØeeceeefCekeâ ™he ceW osKee pee
vejkeâ nw~
mekeâlee nw~ Deb«esÌpeeW kesâ oes meew Je<eeX kesâ Meemevekeâeue ceW Fme #es$e ceW LeesÌ[er-meer
1. uesKekeâ kesâ Devegmeej, meJe&ØeLece Iej keâe efvecee&Ce keâjves Jeeuee JÙeefkeäle keäÙee efMeefLeuelee ]pe™j DeeF& Leer, eEkeâleg mJeleb$elee Øeeefhle kesâ yeeo mes nceves Fme #es$e ceW
osKekeâj ogefveÙee ceW DeeÙee nesiee? leerJeÇ ieefle mes Øeieefle keâer nw Deewj Ùen Øeieefle leye mJele: efmeæ nes peeleer nw, peye
(a) mJeie& (b) ie=n-keäuesMe efJe%eeve SJeb ØeewÅeesefiekeâer kesâ kegâÚ #es$eeW ceW Yeejle mes Deveskeâ osMeeW Éeje meneÙelee keâer
(c) vejkeâ (d) ‘a’ Deewj ‘c’ oesveeW ceeBie keâer peeleer nw~
2. Iej kesâ meomÙeeW kesâ ceOÙe Deehemeer yewj-YeeJe nesves hej Iej efkeâmekesâ meceeve nes meceepe SJeb mebmke=âefle kesâ #es$e ceW Yeejle ves efJekeâeme efkeâÙee nw~ neB, Fme yeele mes Yeer
peelee nw? Fvekeâej veneR efkeâÙee pee mekeâlee efkeâ nceejs meceepe ceW ™efÌ{Jeeefolee SJeb vekeâue keâer
(a) mevotkeâ (b) efvevoe
ØeJe=efòe-meÂMe kegâÚ yegjeFÙeeB Yeer efJeÅeceeve nQ~ Ùeefo Fve yegjeFÙeeW keâes otj keâjves ceW
(c) hetâue (d) vejkeâ
meHeâuelee Øeehle nes mekeâer, lees nce efJekeâeme kesâ heLe hej melele De«emej nes
3. Deeoceer keâer henÛeeve efkeâmemes nw? mekeWâies—Ssmeer DeeMee keâer pee mekeâleer nw~
(a) heeefjJeeefjkeâ meomÙeeW mes (b) jespeieej mes
(c) Iej mes (d) uecyes meheâj mes 6. YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle ceW efveefnle DeLe&, Oece&, keâece Deewj cees#e efkeâme peerJeve heæefle
kesâ cetue leòJe nQ?
4. Iej peueekeâj leceeMee osKeves Jeeues keâneB jnles nQ? (a) DeelcemeeleerkeâjCe (b) heg®<eeLe&
(a) heÌ[esme ceW (b) vejkeâ ceW (c) mJeie& ceW (d) Iej ceW (c) DeeOÙeeeflcekeâlee (d) Yeeweflekeâlee
7. heeMÛeelÙe efJeÛeejkeâeW ves YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle ceW efveefnle efkeâme leòJe keâes ieewCe peerJeve keâes heefj<ke=âle SJeb Deuebke=âle keâjleer nes~ Ùes leerveeW meerefÌ{ÙeeB Skeâ kesâ yeeo Skeâ
™he Øeoeve efkeâÙee nw? Deeleer nQ, FveceW JÙeefle›eâce veneR nesvee ÛeeefnS~ Fme ›eâce ceW JÙeeIeele Dee peeves mes
(a) keâece (b) DeLe& ceeveJe-peerJeve keâe Ûee® Øeemeeo KeÌ[e keâjvee DemebYeJe nw~ Ùen lees YeJeve keâer Úle
(c) cees#e (d) keâce& yeveekeâj veeRJe yeveeves kesâ meÂMe nw~ Jele&ceeve Yeejle ceW efMe#ee keâer DeJemLee osKekeâj
8. YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle ceW peerJeve-heæefle mes mecyeefvOele efkeâleves he#e efveOee&efjle Ssmee ner Øeleerle neslee nw~ ØeeÛeerve YeejleerÙe oeMe&efvekeâeW ves ‘Devve’ mes ‘Deevebo’ keâer
efkeâS ieS nQ? Deesj yeÌ{ves keâes ‘efJeÅee keâe meej’ keâne Lee, pees meJe&Lee meceerÛeerve ner Lee~
(a) leerve (b) heeBÛe
11. ieÅeebMe ceW ØeÙegkeäle ‘ye=nmheefle’ Meyo mes keäÙee DeefYeØeeÙe nw?
(c) oes (d) Ûeej
(a) %eeve (b) efove
9. efkeâme meceÙe ceW efJe%eeve SJeb ØeewÅeesefiekeâer kesâ #es$e ceW Yeejle keâer Øeieefle #eerCe nes (c) «en (d) meblees<e
ieF& Leer? 12. Jele&ceeve efMe#ee heæefle kesâ keäÙee ueeYe nQ?
(a) Deb«espeer Meemevekeâeue ceW (b) mJelev$elee Øeeefhle kesâ yeeo (a) leee|keâkeâlee keâe efJekeâeme (b) ceveer<ee keâes Øeyegælee
(c) cegieuekeâeue ceW (d) Yeefkeälekeâeue ceW (c) YeeJeveeDeeW keâer meef›eâÙelee (d) Ùes meYeer
10. efkeâve efJeÉeveeW Éeje YeejleerÙe mebmke=âefle hej efJe%eeve SJeb ØeewÅeesefiekeâer kesâ meeLe 13. peerefJekeâesheepe&ve mes efJenerve JÙeefkeäle keâe peerJeve otmejeW kesâ efueS kewâmee yeve
meecebpemÙe ve keâj heeves keâe ØeÛeej-Øemeej efkeâÙee ieÙee? peelee nw?
(a) ™meer efJeÉeve (b) heeMÛeelÙe efJeÉeve (a) Yeej (b) efØeÙe
(c) øeâebmeermeer efJeÉeve (d) YeejleerÙe efJeÉeve (c) efJeke=âle (d) meeLe&keâ
ieÅeebMe ceW ØeÙegkeäle ‘šs{er Keerj’ cegneJejs keâe DeLe& keäÙee nw?
JÚm§e 3 14.
(a) keâ[Jee JÙebpeve (b) ogue&Ye Jemleg
leòJeJesòee efMe#eeefJeoeW kesâ Devegmeej, efJeÅee oes Øekeâej keâer nesleer nw~ ØeLece Jen, pees (c) keâef"ve keâece (d) DemebYeJe keâeÙe&
nceW peerJeve-Ùeeheve kesâ efueS Depe&ve keâjvee efmeKeeleer nw Deewj efÉleerÙe Jen, pees nceW 15. peerJeve efveJee&n efkeâme Øekeâej mebYeJe veneR nw?
peervee efmeKeueeleer nw~ FveceW mes Skeâ keâe Yeer DeYeeJe peerJeve keâes efvejLe&keâ yevee oslee (a) megmeYÙelee kesâ efyevee (b) megmebmke=âle ngS efyevee
nw~ efyevee keâceeS peerJeve-efveJee&n mebYeJe veneR~ keâesF& Yeer veneR Ûeensiee efkeâ Jen (c) keâceeS efyevee (d) hejeJeuebyeer ngS efyevee
hejeJeuebyeer nes, ceelee-efhelee, heefjJeej kesâ efkeâmeer meomÙe, peeefle Ùee meceepe hej~ Ssmeer 16. ‘JÙeJenej’ Deewj ‘cele’ MeyoeW kesâ mener heÙee&Ùe nQ
efJeÅee mes efJenerve JÙeefkeäle keâe peerJeve otYej nes peelee nw, Jen otmejeW kesâ efueS Yeej (a) DeeÛeej Deewj efJeÛeej (b) DeeÛejCe Deewj efmeæevle
yeve peelee nw~ (c) efJeÛeej Deewj jeÙe (d) yejleeJe Deewj efveCe&Ùe
meeLe ner otmejer efJeÅee kesâ efyevee meeLe&keâ peerJeve veneR efpeÙee pee mekeâlee~ yengle 17. efvecve efJekeâuheeW ceW mes pees ‘Ûelegj’ Meyo keâe meceeveeLeea veneR nw Jen ÚeBefšS~
Dee|pele keâj uesves Jeeues JÙeefkeäle keâe peerJeve Ùeefo megÛee® ™he mes veneR Ûeue jne, (a) veeiej (b) hešg
Ùeefo GmeceW Jen peerJeve-Meefkeäle veneR nw, pees Gmekesâ Deheves peerJeve keâes lees melÙeheLe (c) osJeefØeÙe (d) o#e
hej De«emej keâjves kesâ meeLe ner Deheves meceepe, peeefle SJeb je<š^ kesâ efueS ceeie&oMe&ve 18. ‘keâj’ keâe DeLe& nw
keâjleer nes, lees Gmekeâe peerJeve Yeer ceeveJe-peerJeve keâe DeefYeOeeve veneR hee mekeâlee~ (a) keâue, efkeâjCe, šwkeäme (b) neLe, jeef$e, šwkeäme
Jen YeejJeener ieo&Ye yeve peelee nw Ùee hetBÚ SJeb meeRieefJenerve heMeg keâne peelee nw~ (c) neLe, efkeâjCe, JÙeJemeeÙe (d) neLe, efkeâjCe, šwkeäme
Jele&ceeve Yeejle ceW henueer efJeÅee keâe mhe<šle: DeYeeJe efoKeeF& oslee nw, hejbleg otmejer 19. ‘Deeefo’ keâe DeLe& nw
efJeÅee keâe ™he Yeer efJeke=âle ner nw, keäÙeeWefkeâ ve lees mketâue-keâe@uespeeW ceW efMe#ee Øeehle (a) otmeje (b) DeeKejer
keâjkesâ efvekeâuee Úe$e peerefJekeâesheepe&ve kesâ ÙeesiÙe yeve heelee nw Deewj ve ner Jen Gve (c) FveceW mes keâesF& veneR (d) ØeLece
mebmkeâejeW mes Ùegkeäle nes heelee nw, efpevemes JÙeefkeäle ‘kegâ’ mes ‘meg’ yevelee nw~ megefMeef#ele, 20. DeOeesefueefKele Meyo-Ùegice keâe mener DeLe& efJekeâuhe ÛegefveS~
megmeYÙe Deewj megmebmke=âle keânueeves keâe DeefOekeâejer neslee nw~ Jele&ceeve efMe#ee kesâ ‘Deveguecye—Devegueive’
Debleie&le nce pees efJeÅee Øeehle keâj jns nQ, Gmekeâer efJeMes<eleeDeeW keâes meJe&Lee vekeâeje (a) TOJee&keâej-meceÙe kesâ Devegmeej
Yeer veneR pee mekeâlee~ Ùen efMe#ee kegâÚ meercee lekeâ nceejs Âef<škeâesCe keâes efJekeâefmele (b) Thejer-pegÌ[e ngDee
keâjleer nw, nceejer ceveer<ee keâes Øeyegæ yeveeleer nw leLee YeeJeveeDeeW keâes Ûesleve keâjleer nw, (c) DeefveefMÛele-efkeâmeer kesâ meeLe pegÌ[e ngDee
eEkeâleg keâuee, efMeuhe, ØeewÅeesefiekeâer Deeefo keâer efMe#ee veececee$e keâer nesves kesâ (d) uecyeeF& kesâ Devegmeej-MegYekeâeue
HeâuemJe™he Fme osMe kesâ mveelekeâ kesâ efueS peerefJekeâesheepe&ve šsÌ{er Keerj yeve peelee nw 21. ‘efJe«en’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
Deewj ye=nmheefle yevee ÙegJekeâ veewkeâjer keâer leueeMe ceW Dee|peÙeeB efueKeves ceW ner Deheves (a) meefvOe (b) DeefJe«en
peerJeve keâe yengcetuÙe meceÙe yeyee&o keâj ueslee nw~ (c) Dee«en (d) «enCe
peerJeve kesâ meJeeËieerCe efJekeâeme keâes OÙeeve ceW jKeles ngS Ùeefo efMe#ee kesâ ›eâefcekeâ 22. ‘mebkeâerCe&’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw
meesheeveeW hej efJeÛeej efkeâÙee peeS, lees YeejleerÙe efJeÅeeLeea keâes meJe&ØeLece Fme Øekeâej (a) meb#eshe (b) efJemleej
keâer efMe#ee oer peeveer ÛeeefnS, pees ›eâceMe: DeeJeMÙekeâ nes, GheÙeesieer nes Deewj nceejs (c) efJekeâerCe& (d) efJemleerCe&
à¡[³R>g goQ> 02$ 9
23. ‘Gmekesâ ØeeCe-heKes™ GÌ[ ieÙes~’ Fme JeekeäÙe ceW ‘heKes™’ Meyo efkeâmekeâe (6) Jes meòJeiegCe kesâ #eerj mecegõ ceW Ssmes [tyes jnles nQ efkeâ Gvekeâes ogefveÙee
heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer nw? keâer Keyej ner veneR nesleer~
(a) he#eer (b) peuoer (c) heKeJeeÌ[e (d) heKejvee (a) j ue Je Ùe (b) Ùe Je ue j
24. efvecveefueefKele ceW mes keâewve-mee Meyo ‘Ûevõcee’ keâe heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer veneR nw? (c) ue Ùe Je j (d) Je ue j Ùe
(a) megOeebMeg (b) megOeekeâj (c) megOeeOej (d) meefueue 33. (1) ceveesefJeveeso keâer #ecelee mes Ùegkeäle nesves kesâ
25. efvecveebefkeâle MeyoeW ceW mes Skeâ Meyo ‘ceelee’ keâe heÙee&ÙeJeeÛeer veneR nw? Jen nw (Ùe) peneB Skeâ Deesj nemÙe keâefJelee keâer ueeskeâefØeÙelee yeÌ{er nw
(a) Decye (b) Decyeg (c) Decyee (d) peveveer
(j) efkeâ GmeceW IeefšÙee Deewj YeeQ[er yeeleeW kesâ meceeJesMe mes
(ue)Deewj FmeerefueS keâefJe-meccesueveeW kesâ DeeßeÙe ceW efJekeâefmele nesves
26. Deepekeâue efvepeer #es$e kesâ efJekeâeme hej DeefOekeâ yeue efoÙee pee jne nw leLee kesâ keâejCe
..... #es$e keâer Ghes#ee keâer pee jner nw~
(Je) JeneR otmejer Deesj Skeâ neefve Ùen Yeer ngF& nw
(a) mejkeâejer (b) meeJe&peefvekeâ (6) met#ce Deewj heefj<ke=âle nemÙe keâe mlej efiej ieÙee nw~
(c) meeJe&Yeewefcekeâ (d) JÙeeJemeeefÙekeâ
(a) Ùe j ue Je (b) j Je ue Ùe
27. efceueeW kesâ .......... kesâ efueS peerJeve keâe DeLe& nw efkeâ peerJeveheÙe&vle Skeâ (c) Je Ùe j ue (d) ue Ùe Je j
efvejLe&keâ Ùeeefv$ekeâ ef›eâÙee keâer yegefænerve DeveJejled DeeJe=efòe keâjles peevee~ 34. (1) kegâue efceueekeâj Deelcej#ee
(a) ßeefcekeâ (b) ceeefuekeâ (c) yeesOe (d) heefjCeece (Ùe) keâer jheš leLee hegefueme DeefOekeâeefjÙeeW keâer
28. heejmheefjkeâ keâewMeue keâe GodosMÙe keâeÙe&kegâMeuelee ceW megOeej keâjvee SJeb (j) yeeleeW mes Ùener efve<keâ<e& meeceves Deelee nw efkeâ
.............keâes DeefOekeâ cetuÙeJeeve yeveevee nw~ (ue) Úe$eeDeeW keâer Deelcej#ee kesâ efueS megj#ee kesâ lejerkeâeW ceW
(a) efveÙeeskeälee (b) keâce&Ûeejer (c) «eenkeâ (d) [e@keäšj (Je) kesâ ceeceues ceW ceefnuee DeeÙeesie
29. peerJeve ceW Deheves heefjßece ceW meHeâuelee keâe .......... ve heekeâj nleeMe ueesie (6) efvehegCe efkeâÙee peelee nw~
memles ceveesjbpeve ceW meeblJevee Keespeles nQ~ (a) Je Ùe j ue (b) Ùe j ue Je
(a) hemeervee (b) ceesue` (c) ue Ùe j Je (d) j ue Je Ùe
(c) yeesOe (d) heefjCeece 35. (1) mJehve ceW osKee
30. MeeÙeo mebmeej kesâ meYeer osMeeW ceW Ssmee ueeskeâ-efJeMJeeme nw efkeâ meerheer keâes keâeve (Ùe) DeekeâeMe keâer veerueer uelee ceW metÙe&, Ûevõ Deewj leejeDeeW kesâ Hetâue
mes ueieekeâj megveW, lees GmeceW .......... keâe mJej megvee pee mekeâlee nw~ (j) he=LJeer keâer uelee hej he=LJeer kesâ Hetâue
(a) ùoÙe (b) Øesce
(ue)neLe peesÌ[s efKeues ngS Skeâ De%eele Meefkeäle keâer meceerj mes efnue
(c) meeiej (d) yeeoue jns nQ
(Je) neLe peesÌ[s DeekeâeMe keâes
efveoxMe (Øe. meb. 31-38) efvecveefueefKele JeekeäÙeeW ceW Gvekesâ ØeLece leLee Debeflece (6) vecemkeâej keâj jns nQ~
DebMe mebKÙee 1 Deewj 6 kesâ Devleie&le efoS ieS nQ~ yeerÛe Jeeues Ûeej DebMe (Ùe), (a) j ue Ùe Je (b) ue Ùe j Je
(j), (ue), (Je) kesâ Devleie&le efyevee ›eâce kesâ nQ~ ÛeejeW DebMeeW keâes GefÛele (c) j Je Ùe ue (d) Ùe ue j Je
›eâceevegmeej JÙeJeefmLele keâj mener efJekeâuhe ÛegefveS~
36. (1) meb#eshele: keâne pee mekeâlee nw efkeâ
31. (1) onspe ØeLee keâe pevce hegjeveer meeceeefpekeâ ØeLeeDeeW ceW {tB{e pee mekeâlee nw~ (Ùe) DeveeÙeeme ner ceeveJe-peerJeve keâer meJeexheÙeesieer
(Ùe) Gmes veF& ie=nmLeer yemeeveer nesleer nw~ (j) mejme meeOeve keâeJÙe ner nw, efpemekeâe
(j) efJeJeen kesâ yeeo ueÌ[keâer veS Iej ceW peeleer nw~ (ue) ÛeejeW heoeLeeX keâer Øeeefhle keâe megueYe leLee
(ue)Dehevee veÙee IeeWmeuee yeveeves ceW Gmes DeefOekeâ DemegefJeOee ve nes, (Je) DevegMeerueve keâjves hej Deuheyegefæ Jeeues ØeeCeer Yeer
FmeefueS Gmes kegâÚ Ghenej osves keâe efjJeepe Lee~
(6) JemlegDeeW keâes Øeehle keâj mekeâles nQ~
(Je) Ghenej ceW Gmes ie=nmLeer ceW keâece Deeves Jeeueer JemlegSB mJesÛÚe
(a) j Ùe Je ue (b) ue j Je Ùe
mes oer peeleer LeeR, keâesF& yeeOÙelee veneR nesleer Leer~ (c) Ùe j ue Je (d) Je ue j Ùe
(6) hej Oeerjs-Oeerjs FmeceW yegjeFÙeeB Deeleer ieFË~
(a) ue Ùe j Je (b) Je j Ùe ue 37. (1) Ùeefo nce mechetCe& efJeMJe keâer Keespe keâjW
(c) Ùe j ue Je (d) j Ùe ue Je (Ùe) kesâ efueS efpemes
(j) Ssmes osMe keâe helee ueieeves
32. (1) meÛÛes Jeerj heg®<e Oeerj, iecYeerj Deewj Dee]peeo nesles nQ (ue) MeefkeäleMeeueer Deewj megvoj yeveeÙee nw
(Ùe) Gvekesâ ceve keâer iecYeerjlee Deewj Meeefvle mecegõ keâer lejn (Je) Øeke=âefle ves meJe&mechevve
efJeMeeue Deewj ienjer nesleer nw~ (6) lees ceQ YeejleJe<e& keâer Deesj mebkesâle keâ™Biee~
(j) meÛe nw efkeâ meÛÛes JeerjeW keâer veeRo Deemeeveer mes veneR Kegueleer~ (a) ue Ùe Je j
(ue)jeceeÙeCe ceW Jeeuceerefkeâ ves kegâcYekeâCe& keâer ieeÌ{er veeRo ceW Jeerjlee (b) Je ue Ùe j
keâe efÛeÖ efoKeueeÙee nw~ (c) Ùe j ue Je
(Je) Jes keâYeer ÛebÛeue veneR nesles~ (d) j Ùe Je ue
38. (1) YeeiÙe kesâ Yejesmes 43. Dejyeer Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(Ùe) YeeiÙe Yeer meesÙee (a) Deoye (b) Deeceoveer
(j) yeeBOekeâj KeÌ[s nesves hej (c) DeeF&vee (d) Deeheâle
(ue) jnlee nw Deewj efnccele 44. heâejmeer Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(Je) yew"s jnves hej (a) DeeefleMeyeepeer (b) oheälej
(6) YeeiÙe Yeer G" KeÌ[e neslee nw~ (c) ocee (d) cegieue
(a) Je Ùe ue j (b) ue j Ùe Je
(c) Ùe j ue Je (d) j ue Je Ùe
45. legkeâea Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(a) uehebâiee (b) iegC[e (c) heJeve (d) veieeÌ[e
39. ‘ieg® kesâ meceerhe jnkeâj efMe#ee «enCe keâjves Jeeuee’ kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw
(a) ieg®kegâueJeemeer (b) Úe$eeJeemeer
46. Deb«espeer Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
(c) DevlesJeemeer (d) DeeßeceJeemeer
(a) [êFJej (b) efkeâC[jieeš&ve
(c) ÛeeÙe (d) jsef[Ùees
40. efoS ieS Deveskeâ MeyoeW kesâ efueS Skeâ GheÙegkeäle Meyo henÛeeefveS ‘heÛÛeerme
47. hegle&ieeueer (hegle&ieerpe) Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
Je<e& hetjs keâjves kesâ Gheue#Ùe ceW nesves Jeeuee GlmeJe’ (a) SpesC[e (b) ceveerDee[&j
(a) megJeCe& peÙevleer (b) Jeerj peÙevleer
(c) keâe@uespe (d) ceesšj
(c) keâebmÙe peÙevleer (d) jpele peÙevleer
48. mebkeâj Meyo keâe ÛeÙeve keâerefpeS~
41. ‘pees m$eer metÙe& Yeer ve osKe mekesâ’ kesâ efueS Skeâ Meyo nw (a) keâheÌ[e-efceue (b) Oeerjs-Oeerjs
(a) efJeog<eer (b) Deue#Ùee
(c) DeeJeeje (d) Deveej
(c) DemetÙe&heMÙee (d) Meem$e%ee
49. ‘DeJeefve’ keâe efJeueesce Meyo nw~
42. JeekeäÙeebMe kesâ efueS keâewve-mee Meyo DeMegæ nw?
(a) Oeje (b) MeMeebkeâ (c) Decyej (d) efmeleeje
(a) #eCe ceW Ùee MeerIeÇ štšves Jeeuee—KeC[nj
(b) efpemekeâer DeeMee ve keâer ieF& nes—DeØelÙeeefMele 50. ‘ue#Ùe’ keâe DeveskeâeLe&keâ Meyo nw~
(c) efpemes peevee ve pee mekesâ—De%esÙe (a) efveMeevee, GodosMÙe (b) veece, yeue
(d) oeshenj kesâ henues keâe meceÙe—hetJee&Ö (c) ieefle, Ûeeue (d) mener, ieuele
CÎma‘mbm
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (b)
11. (a) 12. (b) 13. (a) 14. (c) 15. (b) 16. (d) 17. (c) 18. (d) 19. (d) 20. (c)
21. (a) 22. (d) 23. (a) 24. (d) 25. (b) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (b) 29. (d) 30. (c)
31. (d) 32. (b) 33. (d) 34. (a) 35. (d) 36. (b) 37. (d) 38. (a) 39. (c) 40. (d)
41. (c) 42. (a) 43. (a) 44. (a) 45. (a) 46. (a) 47. (a) 48. (a) 49. (c) 50. (a)

Arihant NTA CUET UG Section 1 (A) Languages (Hindi & English) (Sscstudy - Com)

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Arihant NTA CUET UG Section 1 (A) Languages (Hindi & English) (Sscstudy - Com)

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1. Choose the Correct Word (Sentence Completion) 75-77

2. Synonyms and Antonyms 78-85

3. Idioms and Phrases 86-92

4. One Word Substitution 93-96

6. Rearrangement of Sentences 100-104

Practice Sets (1 & 2) 1-14

SECTION I(A) (Language Hindi) 1-132

2. {dbmo‘mW©H$ eãX 71-81

3. gå‘moMm[aV {^ÝZmW©H$ eãX 82-87

5. dm³¶m§e Ho$ {bE EH$ eãX 102-111

6. dm³¶mJV Aew[Õ¶m± Am¡a CZH$m emoYZ 112-123

7. H«$‘ ì¶dñWmnZ 124-132

à¡p³Q>g goQ²>g (1 & 2) 1-10

Correction in the particulars of Application Form

Date(s) of Examination First and second week of July, 2022

Duration of Examination Slot 1: 195 minutes (3:15 hours)

Timing of Examination Slot 1: 09.00 AM to 12.15 PM (IST)

Section IA 13 Languages (As a medium and “Language”) Section IB 20 Languages

Section II 27 Domain Speci c Subjects Section III General Test

Broad features of CUET (UG) - 2022 are as follows:

Broad features of CUET (UG) - 2022 are as follows:

Mode of the Test Computer Based Test-CBT

Test Pattern Objective type with Multiple Choice Questions

Section II : As per NCERT model syllabus as applicable to Class XII only

Registration Registration will be online at https://cuet.samarth.ac.in/. (available from 06.04.2022)

Level of questions for CUET (UG) -2022:

Syllabus for SECTION I(A) Languages (English & Hindi)

Reading Comprehension is defined as the understanding Factual ■

4 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

Examples 2. The two gases which make up most of Jupiter and

6 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

4. Based on your understanding of the passage, Passage 4 (Narrative)

8 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

10 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

4. Which of the following statements is CORRECT as Passage 4

12 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

2. When did Bharat Natyam start shedding its purely Passage 5

14 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

16 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

18 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

20 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

22 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

24 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

26 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

28 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

30 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

32 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

34 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

3. Based on your understanding of the passage, Passage 6

36 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

38 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

temporarily contained; periodically, farmers flush inconvenience to consumers, a price increase

40 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

5. Another issue at play is the stigma amongst

42 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

44 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

Passage 12 2. The ISRO only launches other nations’ satellites?

46 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

Apart from conflicts, the army has conducted large peace

48 CUET (UG) Section IA : English Language

(b) increasing efficiency, decreasing waste, and using

2. Frederick Taylor believed that