1

Handout?
LISTENING

SECTION 1 Questions 1-10

Questions 1-4
Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

Example
What is the applicant's residency status?
A citizen
B temporary visitor
© permanent migrant
1 A TFN is a number used
A exclusively for tax administration.
B exclusively by individual tax payers.
C for managing several government services.
2 Without a TFN, the applicant would be
A taxed at a higher rate.
B unable to work.
C liable for Medicare contributions.
3 What kind of visa does the applicant have?
A a visa granting indefinite stay
B a visa with work rights
C a student visa
4 A TFN is issued
A if you change your name.
B only once in a lifetime.
C when you claim a government benefit.

Questions 5-10
Complete the form below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER/or each answer.
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Passport# 5 ....................
Nationality Spanish

1339 6 ....................
Postal address
Hollywell 1517

Contact details Phone: 09-5577 5076

Martha 7 ....................
Preferred contact person
( landlady )-contact number above

Title 8 ....................
Family name Farina
First given name Maria
Other given name ( s) Rosa Ana
Any other names Mary= (9 .................... )
Date of birth 10 .... ./... ./...... (dd/mm/yy)
Gender Female
Name of spouse NIA

SECTION 2 Questions 11-20

Questions 11-16
Complete the notes below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

Keeping Kids Safe on the Internet

Internet for children-scary but educational
'Online Family Norris' blocks 11 .................... and social sites
But still important to watch children and 12 .................... them
Keep computer in family room where you can see it
Children should never use their own name nor give out 13 ....................
Online friends stay online!
No personal email address for youngsters
Teach teenagers that 14 .................... on the Internet always stay there-and may
ruin job prospects
Watch out for 15 ....................
Teenagers use Internet: to socialise or do 16 ................... .
Young kids: find help with school subjects
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Questions 17-20
Complete the table below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

www.mathtutor.com mathematics practise & 17 .................... all levels

www.spellcity.com spelling 18 .................... primary school
www.beeb.co/typing typing 19 .................... all levels
www.coolresource.com 20 .................... extra practice middle school

SECTION3 Questions 21-30

Questions 21-23
Choose the co"ect letter, A, B or C.

21 Ted and Cleo's research results will be presented as a

A poster.
B survey.
C graph.
22 They will select foreign students
A from the Language School.
B from the Business School.
C randomly on campus.
23 The foreign students will have to
A collate the answers.
B rank the answers.
C know a lot about the answers.

Questions 24-28
Complete the notes below.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

Department of Education Questionnaire

Reasons for Studying Abroad

Study abroad...
• .. .is the best way to learn a language □
• ...provides a 24 ................... . □
• ... allows you to experience another culture first-hand □
• ... helps you 25 ................... . □
• ... gives you the opportunity to make new friends □
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• ...helps you 26 .................... □

• ... enables you to 27 ................... . □
• ...increases the value of your degree □
• ...improves 28 ........•.•......... □
• ...expands your world view □
Questions 29-30
Label the diagram below.
Choose your answers from the box below and write the letters A-H next to questions 29-30.

US students who failed to locate countries

on a world map

+---------------------
100 �--------------------
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
C 29 ......... 30 ........ . H B F

Countries

A Afghanistan
B Saudi Arabia
C Iraq
D Japan
E Mexico
F Iran
G Sweden
H USA

SECTION4 Questions 31-40

Questions 31-36
Complete the table below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS OR A NUMBER for each answer.
5

1741- Born in Maryland, USA

Became a saddler
Began to paint
1766 - London to study with B. West
<
Date·· Notes

elaborate, symbolical portrait of British

1 Pitt as a Roman Senator 31 ................
parliamentarian

2 George Washington 1772 32 ................ of many Washington portraits

family portrait-shows exuberance &

3 The Peale Family 1773
33 ...............

'trompe l'oeil' [= 'fool the eye' J style-double

4 The 34 .............. . 1795
portrait of sons-Raphaelle & Titian

5 Rachel Weeping 1772 wife and dead 35 ................-macabre

brother James-in darkness but face

6 36 ...............
illuminated

Questions 37-40
Complete the summary below.
Write ONE WORD ONLYfor each answer.

Primarily, Peale was a painter but he was also a politician, scientist and 37 .................. with many successful
patents. He worked with Thomas Jefferson on the polygraph which was a desk that could be used for
copying a 38 ..................... . He wrote academic papers on different subjects and tried to make movies,
spectacles and a velocipede ( a kind of 39 ..................... ) . Peale was also a naturalist and taxidermist and he
helped unearth the skeleton of a mastodon which was the best 40 .................. in his museum.
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READING

READING PASSAGE 1
You should spemi about 20 minutes on Quesnons 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.

The Development of
the Modern Hot Air Balloon
The modem hot air balloon is constructed by suspending a wicker basket underneath a large bag
of nylon fabric, known as an envelope. The wicker basket carries the balloon's pilot, any other
passengers, and the propane tanks that provide the balloon with a source of fuel. The propane
tanks are connected by hose to a pair of burners, which are located between the basket and the
envelope. When the burners ignite, their heat passes through the balloon's skirt-a circular sheath
of fire-resistant material at the mouth of the envelope-and finally into the envelope itself.
Located at the top of the envelope is a parachute vent, a mechanism that allows the pilot to
release hot air and increase the balloon's rate of descent when required. This is controlled by a
parachute valve cord that extends through the balloon, and into the basket.
The use of hot air balloons can be traced back to the Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history
(220-280 AD). Zhuge Liang used these early incarnations, known as Kongming lanterns, as military
signals. The first manned flight on record took place in France on October 15th, 1783. In a balloon
constructed by Jacques-Etienne Montgolfier, a Frenchman named Pilatre de Rozier was elevated
eighty feet off the ground. Modem hot air balloons, with their capacity to ascend or descend and
occasionally 'steer ' at the pilot's will, were first developed by Ed Yost in the 1950s. The Bristol
Belle is generally regarded as the first modern hot air balloon, and had its inaugural flight in 1967.
Since then, balloon technology has become extremely sophisticated. Some hot air balloons have
reached altitudes of 21,000 metres, travelled over 7,500 kilometres, and reached speeds of up to
400 kilometres per hour.
Hot-air ballooning is generally a safe activity, and serious accidents are rare. In the event that
something does go wrong, several items of safety gear are useful to have on board. In case the
pilot light and the auxiliary piezo ignition fail, it is a good idea to have a welding torch flint
sparker available for the pilot's use. Given the propane combustion used to propel the hot air
balloon, a fire extinguisher is an absolute necessity. Rame-resistant gauntlets made out of either
leather or nomex are required for the pilot so that a gas valve can be disabled even if an open
flame is present. While nomex is a specially-manufactured synthetic form of fire-retardant
material, synthetic clothing is generally a hindrance to fire safety, and clothing made of natural
fibre is a superior option for pilots. Finally, a handling line-a long rope that can be thrown
7

overboard-is a vital precautionary measure that allows people on the ground to steer the balloon
away from trouble.
To ensure balloon longevity and safety in operation, it is vital that hot air balloons be maintained
and repaired while not in use. Keeping the envelope clean and dehumidified is an important step
that prevents mould from forming on the fabric. This is especially important if the balloon has
landed in a wet or muddy environment. The burner and fuel system also requires regular
maintenance. This can involve the replacement or repair of damaged hoses and any sticki_ng or
leaky valves. The wicker basket has skids on its bottom to help it gain traction upon landing; over
time these are worn down, and will need to be replaced. International regulations stipulate that
balloons must be given a full inspection every one hundred flight hours, or twelve months. This
ensures that any problems can be rectified before they become hazardous.

Questions 1-5
Complete the diagram below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.

1 ............. .

Gores

Panels
2 ..............

. Parachute Valve Cord

4 ..............

Propane Tanks (Inside)

Question 6
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Write your answer in box 6 on your answer sheet.

Who was the first person to ascend in a hot air balloon?

A Zhuge Liang
B Jacques-Etienne Montgolfier
C Pilatre de Rozier
D EdYost
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Questions 7-9
Choose THREE letters, A-G.
Write your answers in boxes 7-9 on your answer sheet.

Which THREE of the following seven pieces of safety equipment '1fe suggested for use with a hot air
balloon?
A Drop line
B Gas valve
C Piezo ignition
D Synthetic clothing
E Fire-proof gloves
F Flint spark lighter
G Propane combustion

Questions 10-13
Complete the sentences below with words taken from Reading Passage 1.
Use NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes] 0-13 on your answer sheet.

10 A dry envelope helps to stop the growth of .................... on the material.

11 Frequent ..... .. .. . ... . . . .. .. is important: fixing or changing faulty parts of the propulsion system when
necessary.
12 .................... help the basket grip the ground when it sets down.
13 Balloons must be checked annually according to .................... .

READING PASSAGE 2
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26 which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.

Voting is often portrayed as a very simple activity-all that is required being a list of names, boxes
and a pen with which to tick the preferred option-but it is actually an intricate process that can
take many different forms on which everyone from mathematicians to political scholars, �terest
groups, politicians and voters often have divergent opinions. Two of the most popular of these
voting systems are known as First-Past-the-Post (FPP) and Mixed-Member Proportional (MMP),
and they have quite different features.

FPP is one of the simplest voting systems. Voters select one person from a list of candidates in their
electorate, and the candidate with the highest number of votes is elected to represent them. While
this might sound simple and fair, it can have several undesirable effects. Firstly, because of the 'all
or nothing' result, FPP produces a large number of wasted votes-votes which do not affect the
outcome of the election. This is the case in the majority of electorates, which are safe or relatively
safe. Consequently, the party that gains the highest number of seats in Parliament may not actually
gain the most votes-in the 2005 UK elections, for example, the Labour party governed alone with
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only 35 percent of the vote. Because of the pressure on voters not to 'waste ' their vote, FPP tends
to foster tactical voting for a rival but less popular candidate, thus sidelining minority voices and
third party candidacies in favour of a race between two, often similar, contestants.

MMP attempts to create a parliament that represents a national consensus, rather than combining
the results from dozens of local 'mini-elections' . Voters select their electorate candidate, as in FPP,
but they also select a party, which will gain seats in Parliament proportionate to the party vote. This
opens the door for representation amongst parties that may have broad support nationally, but not
enough support in any single geographical area to win an electorate seat. While Parliament as a
whole m,zy be more representative, however, the ability to affect change within parliament can
often accrue to a centrist, smaller party that has the ability to essentially choose the government, by
selecting between the major parties as coalition partners. This phenomenon is known as the 'tail
wagging the dog'. Finally, the party vote tends to bring in Members of Parliament (MPs) in an order
that is chosen, not by the electorate, but by the party itself. This is one of MMP's undemocratic
moves that favours party establishment and hierarchy over the will of the public.

New Zealand's transition from FPP to MMP demonstrates the benefits and drawbacks of each
system. In the 1970s, many New Zealanders grew disillusioned with the two-party system. FPP did
not provide voters with another viable option; however, the leading third party received a
considerable 16 percent of the vote in 1978 but gained only one of the 92 seats in parliament-three
years later their vote share was up to 21 percent, but they gained only two seats. A Royal
Commission subsequently recommended a shift to MMP, and in 1993 a state-wide referendum was
held that passed in favour of the reform.

The 1996 elections wore aw,zy much public enthusiasm for MMP, however. The result was
indecisive, and with neither major party able to govern alone, the power to form a coalition rested
upon a third party, New Zealand First. Instead of forming a coalition with Labour-a party that
many voters considered to be its natural ally-the New Zealand First party sided with the National
party. This was followed by a subsequent rise in party-hopping-Members of Parliament (MPs)
leaving the parties from which they were elected Eventually, the coalition disbanded with Prime
Minister Jenny Shipley sacking New Zealand First leader, Wmston Peters, from Cabinet.

Nevertheless, after these initial teething problems, New Zealand voters and politicians have grown
accustomed to MMP and learnt to focus on its possibilities rather than its hindrances. One of the
most notable benefits is that Parliament has become far more representative of the diversity in
modern New Zealand society. MMP introduced a number of MPs who had previously been
marginalised from mainstream politics: women, people from diverse ethnic backgrounds, and
community activists. Relationships between major and minor parties have also grown more stable,
and in many ways minor parties now function as auditors keeping a check on the major parties.
MMP is not without its flaws, but the transition has generally been a positive experience.
 10

Questions 14-19
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?
In boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the infonnation

FALSE if the statement contradicts the infonnation
NOTGIVEN if there is no information on this
14 Under FPP the voter always selects the candidate that the voter likes best.
15 Many votes have no role in determining the electoral result in the FPP system.
16 FPP uses geographically-determined electorates as a basis for electing MPs.
17 MMP may give minor parties disproportionate influence.
18 A change in the electoral system was rejected by New Zealand voters in the early 1990s.
19 In both FPP and MMP systems government may not be formed based on a majority voter mandate.

Questions 20-26
Complete the summary below with words taken from Reading Passage 2.
Use NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 20-26 on your answer sheet.

Public dissatisfaction with elections came about as a result of the 20 ................... in New Zealand, and many
people voted for a 21 ................... instead. However, the parliamentary representation was disproportionate
to the number of votes received and, after investigation, this situation eventually led to a national 22 .................. .
which asked the people to express their preference for a particular electoral system.
The first experience was messy, however: 23 ................... ensued after the New Zealand First party decided
to go into 24 ................... with National instead of the Labour party.
New Zealanders have since become used to MMP, and its advantages are now clearer. People once 25 ..............
. .... from affairs of state have gained access to Parliament, and major and minor parties now get along
better-the latter taking on the role of 26 ..................

READING PASSAGE 3
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.

Neurologists tend to divide the experience of love into three distinct categories: attraction, lust
and attachment. The combination of all three can make for an intoxicating and lasting bond, but
they are not always experienced together. Frequently, for example, we lust after those with whom
we have no desire of having a long-term relationship; at other times, we feel 'attached' to people
in the sense of being drawn to them emotionally or spiritually, but not drawn to them physically. It
is accurate to describe these as 'stages' of love-lust tends to come first, then attraction,
which lasts for months or years, and finally attachment, which can keep people together for
decades. These are separate chemical substrates, so they can overlap; however, evidence
 11

suggests that attraction has a limited lifespan.

Lust is typically experienced soon after puberty. This is when estrogen and testosterone-the
underlying chemical substrates for lust in women and men respectively-activate themselves in
our bodies for the first time. The primary purpose of lust is believed to be procreation, and
the experience is one of feeling physically drawn, or even 'pulled' towards another person.
Pheromones, physical attractiveness and our socialised predispositions for what we seek in a mate
are the factors that activate the sensation of lust. Despite the strength it can have over our psyche,
lust on its own is a very fleeting experience. It can firmly steer people together for their initial
encounters, but it has no power to keep them there.

If the relationship is to last, something called attraction must take place. Attraction is the
intoxicating sensation experienced in the initial period of knowing someone. The 'symptoms'
include dizziness, flushed skin, and a loss of appetite and sleep. These are a result of a chemical
cocktail of dopamine and norepinephrine that PEA-a transmitter chemical-unleashes into the
bloodstream when attraction takes place. Dopamine is responsible for the blissful feelings of self­
confidence, joy and motivation that new love brings about; norepinephrine, similar to adrenaline,
brings about palpitations and anxiety. Attraction has more staying power than lust; while its
intensity fades after a few weeks, the effect of the PEA transmission can continue for some time
between eighteen months and four years. After that, our bodies build up a natural tolerance.
At this stage, a transition to a phase called attachment can occur. The 'rush' of attraction
is replaced by endorphins like oxytocin and vasopressin that feel like a gentle, warm sort of
pleasantness-a safe feeling that calms the mind, numbs pain and soothes anxiety. This is a much
more pleasant feeling in which to spend an extended period of time-potentially, forty, fifty or more
years, depending on when you meet your partner. It allows you to live your life with someone,
without their being the central obsession of your life. Unfortunately, there is no guarantee that PEA
transmission will evolve into the endorphin stage-in many instances, it will be replaced by a
feeling of emptiness and dissatisfaction. It is not a coincidence that peak divorce rates occur at
between four and seven years, as PEA transmission wears away and attachment does not
materialise in many people's brains.
Even neurologists agree that chemistry isn't everything. There are numerous other factors such as
culture and personality, for which science may never have an explanation. While dopamine is bliss,
however, ignorance is not-neurology has much to contribute to satisfaction in our personal lives. It
may not be a good idea to commit to marriage or spending the rest of your life with someone if you
still feel the blissful rush of PEA transmission, for example. Once your brain has succumbed to the
warming opiates of oxytocin and vasopressin, this will be a safer commitment. Attachment brings
other needs to the foreground, however; while people enjoy the security that attachment brings
about, they do not lose their desires for either lust or attraction. Losing the ability to give your
partner the rush of PEA transmission, while knowing that he may feel this for other people, can
bring about jealousy and anxiety in people. Acknowledging and discussing these insecurities can
alleviate them as it is likely that, to some extent, both partners will be feeling them.
 12

Questions 27-33
Complete the notes below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBERfrom the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 27-33 on your answer sheet.

Designed to encourage Two chemicals are released Chemicals in the brain work to
27 ···················· through a third one called PEA reduce physical & mental suffering,
and calm31 ....................
Generated by natural scent, 29 .................... is a feel-good Separate chemical processes mean
looks, and chemical; norepinephrine PEA transmission does not always
28 .................... brings about elevated heart-rate progress to32 ................... .
and nervousness
Has weak staying power Can last for up to There is a relationship between
30 .................... 33 .................... and the failure of
attachment to occur

Questions 34-39
Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage 3?
In boxes 34-39 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the views of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the views of the writer
NOTGIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

34 We cannot explain all romantic decisions on the basis of chemical processes.

35 Knowing about brain chemistry caiJ. actually harm our happiness .
36 Long-term relationship commitments should be made after attraction has faded.
37 Relationship insecurities fade away once the attachment phase begins.
38 Growing resistance to PEA transmission is experienced as mental anguish.
39 Talking about the effects of PEA resistance on a relationship can make anxiety worse.

Question40
Choose the co"ect letter, A, B, C or D.
Write your answer in box 40 on your answer sheet.

Which is the most suitable title for Passage 3?

A The chemical progression of love
B Is it lust or is it love?
C How love fades over time
D Why nuptials and neurology don't mix
13

\\ R IT I N (;

WRITING TASK 1
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The line graph below gives information about the rates of unemployment between
1991 and 2005 in three different countries. The table shows the percentage of
men and women in the workforce in the three countries.
Summarise the informati.on by selecting and reporting the main features,
and make comparisons where relevant.
Write at least 150 words.

Unemployment Rates
20

---- ......----- ---

l
-
1a
16 /
f
-
14
12
i -.....: �

i:
10
__. ./- -Spain
,_, -Germany

I :
./'
-Italy

1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005

year

Employment rates of men and women in Europe in 1991 ( working population as percentage of total
population)

Germany 76.5 54.4

Spain 66.2 32.3
Italy 77.1 37.8

WRITING TASK 2
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic:
Many of the world's citi,es are cun-ently facing a serious housing shortage.
What are some of the reasons for this shortage and what solutions can you suggest?
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.
14

SPEAKING

Part 1 Introduction and Interview ( 4-5 minutes)

Introduction (compulsory)
• Good morning/afternoon. My name is _____ . Can you tell me your full name, please?
• What should I call you?
• Could you tell me where you're from?
• Can I see your identification, please?
Thank you. Now in this first part I'd like to ask you some questions about yourself.

Interview ( choose 1 )

Let's talk about where you live.

• What is your town famous for?
• Do many people visit your town?
• What sights would you recommend to a visitor to your town? [Why?]

Let's talk about your studies.

• Which subjects are you studying at the moment?
• Why did you choose to study these subjects?
• Are there any subjects which you are not studying, but are interested in?

Interview ( choose 2)

Now let's talk about music.

• How do you usually find out about new music?
• Where do you normally buy new music? [ Why? ]
• Do you think listening to music can have an effect on your moods? [Why?]
• What do you enjoy most about listening to music? [Why?]

Let's talk about friends.

• How often do you spend time with your :friends?
• What type of things do you and your friends do together?
• What kinds of things do you do to show you are a good friend?
• Would you prefer to have a lot of acquaintances or a few good :friends? [Why?]
 15

Now let's talk about emails.

• When was the last time you sent or received an email?
• What purpose do you mainly use email for? [Why?]
• Do you prefer to receive group or individual emails? [Why?]
• Is there anything that you dislike about emails?

Part 2 Individual Long Turn (3-4 minutes)

Now, rm going to give you a topic and rd like you to talk about it for one to two minutes. Before you talk,
you'll have one minute to think about what you're going to say. You can make some notes if you wish. Do
you understand?
Here's some paper and a pencil for making notes and here's your topic:
rd like you to talk about an activity which you enjoy doing outdoors.

Describe an activity which you enjoy doing outdoors.

You should say:
where and when you like to do it
who you like to do it with
how often you do it
and say why you enjoy doing this activity.

Rounding off questions:

• Do you often do this outdoor activity?
• Is the location for this activity close to home?

Part 3 Two-way Discussion ( 4-5 minutes)

We've been talking about an outdoor activity you enjoy and now I'd like to discuss with you one or two
more general questions related to this. Let's consider first the topic of conserving outdoor spaces.
• Do you think that people nowadays are more or less aware of conserving public spaces for parks
and reserves in comparison to 20 years ago? Why/Why not?
• Some people argue that urban development is more important than keeping public spaces for
recreation. What's your view?
• Who tends to enjoy outdoor recreation spaces more: young people or old people? Why?

Now let's talk about working outdoors.

• What types of jobs do people in your country do in the outdoors?
• What are some of the advantages of working outdoors? Why?
• Are there any drawbacks to working outdoors? Why?