TOPICAREAB GLOBAL DRUG TRAFFICKING }aa UL) Committee: The Disarmament and International Security Committee Agenda: Global Drug Trafficking INDEX: 1. Overview of The Committee. 2. Introduction. 3. Issues due to Global Drug Trafficking. 4, Main Stakeholders.Overview of the Committee BUN MOTT MNEs CMe Corl Ot ooh me sree Ort et icoolCl cia) known as the Disarmament and International Security Committee or DISEC or Cl) is one of six main committees at the fers or Won bane OOM NEL CeCe OR at Ci tenCCon ati Bice sence tats Mucor The work of the committee falls under seven thematic clusters: Oe irae Tea Ler Tee) * Other Weapons of Mass Destruction Perna) lan Drone tonsils) PRO ran toe AN Cry oer) Be steer BD Store intestae ut stertetag * Other Disarmament Measures and International Security PDC a eres a The First Committee meets every year in October for a 4-5- Res arcsec Re cetarl Crccrn lpm ecntrr BBL PUEDES ona ea RON Rete oes ees rnb main committee of the General Assembly entitled to verbatim records.Introductio: Drug trafficking is a global illicit trade involving the cultivation, manufacture, distribution and sale of substances which are subject to drug prohibition laws. UNODC is continuously monitoring and researching global illicit drug markets in order to gain a more et ert trea eer Tr temsp tate ite snteatey key part of this research Further information can be found in the world drug report. At current levels, world heroin consumption (340 tons) and seizures represent an annual flow of 430-450 tons of heroin into the global heroin market. Due to smuggling of drugs much of the drug data is left Tere Coss R RM eC COB MS CRMC on Cong: UO eMC Tats ces) nT a eo Conon The main thing to notice in this scenario that all the smuggling happens under hand which means that no tax is collected from it. Drugs PY Cac Bree anaes eoy aecl hm bee CML SC (Orla en Crates Orie iss ee O Lomi m ele abn Dey Re atm Teo M te aire Cae NCTE Ly) CMe us atone he hindrance and are consumed by a big percentage of the community Another problem of drug aside the tax evasion and che smuggling thing is che harm that is done to the people's health People with addiction Oy rorw ENR Ree Cone eae M trl oem ico mmeua tte Mert Cantar lung or heart disease, stroke, cancer, or mental health conditions. Imaging scans, chest X-rays, and blood tests can show the damaging effects of long-term drug use throughout the body. For example, it is mie ome aCe econnt) caer Recah me conn methamphetamine can cause severe dental problems, known as meth mouth, and that opioids can lead to overdose and death. In addition, Rona aeRO MESO C MME ema reed Steno in the brain or the peripheral nervous system (the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord).Issues Due to Global Drug Trafficking BUT REISE CO CIR a mea nC Tec ad reer tare ae ae EURoeeee Ty) R Lor AA NLmSTLa Colo) often in the debate on drug policy approaches, we forget this basic PYG siete ones OT AU To BC ce MTR eC Cae TRe ra tan for non-medical purposes is harmful. We all want our children and Tolar eC ARNOTT tae Cent Reali tistay OO Roe Oona Rennie ota carter aris a Ta teasN offers no way out for impoverished communities in the long run, COE a Rica se eM ECR NAT Coic Btn me NC Ms ir Ume artes [evita cru) otem alee cloc Rouse stores eel tata Chad undermine the rule of law and stability. The 2019 World Drug Report estimates that in 2017 over a quarter of a billion people had used drugs at least once in the previous year. Overall, drug consumption has increased by 30% between 2009 and 2017- from 210 million to 271 million in part as a result of global OCC REM oe roe ee om ons OTOL nE ieee Cette Mot nn ated ohne eM wate ssc MN wath are ee Or Okra teed Cte oO C OR co eon eC Rene cee TIE) OM nt em re cae HME Cee som omar Cuts eeC BUC tLe tad substances, such as cannabis, cocaine and heroin, the dynamic market for synthetic drugs substantially grew together with the Prrmenttten Rian sari ns Cesenta Cents Although drugs continue to represent a major source of revenue for organized criminal groups, business models are changing. Criminals are exploiting new technologies and networks, such as the Darknet (an encrypted virtual network), that are altering the nature of the illicit drug trade and the types of players involved (UNODC, 2017). sone eee Coe OGRE eurc rat Rae Ryusei ea ny Sere oa Ce ea o RCD NLM oes eT Reece rece B Teyhorizontal structures (as opposed to vertical or hierarchical structures); also, studies have highlighted chat smaller groups have become more significant. In addition, fewer groups are exclusively dedicated to drug trafficking, since a considerable number also operates in other si Tetarraced / Main Stakeholders USA Organizations, including drug cartels. These actions Tht aotte ta omcats sabi taser ree ere wel rg COT rr OUR Recs a meets ICES the world. Today, the trafficking of overseas-produced illicit fentanyl, heroin, and other opioids into the United NUS ee Creo uta nen etel consequences. The CDC reports that U.S. drug overdose Cert cet MPR CEU CAs ets eRe ga te Toc CeO NM a er oo Rca eee illicit methamphetamine, produced outside U.S. borders, into USA is also increasing. From January through November 2009, U.S. seizures of Fi eeN settee BOM se rey Roeser OM Br Clas Cece indicating that DTOs succeed in moving several thousand tons of cocaine, methamphetamine, marijuana, heroin, and MDMA into the United States annually. There are unique smuggling and transportation methods associated with CoM lated ay CoC ac Rela tem ota Cs CCRC enforcement reporting indicate that overland smuggling Ente Riise ona se Tony eerste ym Ce Rone tielord ito methods combined (see figure).Figure 1. Seizures of Drugs in Transit, Within the United States, in Kilograms, 2009 Drug abuse is a major problem in the United States, and individuals Rod stearate mera coe tas maori sri tems Conc substances. Abuse of prescription and nonprescription opioids continues to be the public health crisis of our time. One of the effects of widespread prescription opioid abuse has been a up stick for new heroine users. The increase reflects, at least in part, a growing number of individuals who transition from prescription een rte ero alternative in heroin. + Roughly 70% of all offenders were US citizens, and almost half (49.494) had little or no prior criminal history. reat Reset ese attd eewy eter hts cartels because not only do they control a large share of the drug smuggling into the US, they ate also responsible for much of the drug distribution within the U.S. ener ea ce Cre eee cam eCE Cun shipping point for South American and Asian drug organizations, ob Eee URC REO aller ete mits number of people sentenced for crimes related to heroin trafficking in the U.S. In 2015, the DEA made 6,353 arrests for heroin-related offenses Conspiracy, distribution, and possession with intene to sell account Paani eenMexico Mexican drug trafficking organizations (DTO) sometimes referred to as transnational criminal organizations-dominate the import and distribution of cocaine, fentanyl, heroin, marijuana, and methamphetamine in the United States. Mexican suppliers are responsible for most heroin and methamphetamine production, while cocaine is largely produced in Colombia and then transported to the United States by Mexican criminal organizations. Mexico, along with China, is also a leading source of fentanyl, a synthetic opioid up to fifty times more potent than heroin. The amount of fentanyl seized by Mexican authorities is uncountable between 2019 and 2020. At the same time, the cartels smuggle vast quantities of marijuana Src Otecim tem C oR STO ied Mion ORS TUCO Re ACS eee ROO Re neu Tutte Great ttcag has prompted traffickers across the border to Mexico, where rere Ween ita ten eer tts Experts point to both domestic and international forces. In Mexico, Pitore reo Soe Rte Rosai Cm aR mem tts ex Ot stee MET Mle) state UiCoar Reece mot at let comer aetna assassinations of journalists and public servants by the cartels are er ees ern eae ened es country's midterm elections in 2021, with many of the deaths attributed to the cartels. The cartels flourished during the seven decades that Mexico was tuled by a single party, the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). AACN DM Resse coe Corse isatas coms ante sc Ce enema ce OG EER Cmca Kur ae ecru muiterl Me tcite mga mei tod were able to gain distribution rights, market access, and protection. At the international level, Mexican cartels began to take on a much larger role in the late 1980s, after U.S government agencies broke up Caribbean networks used by Colombian cartels to smuggleCetera aR CouaC a oT aco os Leo Colombian criminal organizations, including the infamous Cali and a foe eT COM CSE em Cer Cerne Sb all CARY Coste Ter taco cy rontcy erRs tel y Loco ae aera ss as tes ca BTo le The US government, despite waging a "war on drugs" and conducting other counternarcotics efforts abroad, has made little progress in reducing demand. In 2017, Americans spent 155 billion Cry ETemert elec Rcrartecme nto nt telcos Toto act eR CYST TCS sCss ee CRC ATG mieten me eats fentanyl, has contributed to a public health crisis. BL ENconnW trl eritsy PP MEL RCM en Mia Core Re battem Con ener CODEN eC ae) aCe erect ita emer tite wera es CHS eee aces eae eRe eae Maan oeee Balkan partners. There is an ongoing necd to better monitor harms EM lariat musts My COG ie tt Reve ti tee mateo ERT Conte Streit Sea ec Tee AON ee RCo cise have important implications in future. Harm reduction services oc ee Rode ecm tae CaS Ue eta ConsCt Ty appears to be generally insufficient and is often dependent on international funding. Data point to an overarching need in the Roots Neos U merce eR mad teed people with drug problems. In particular, responses targeting eater mirc nk tr eet underdeveloped, while, at the same time, demand for such Roy mE Sa ri Cc Lee Mes re eta tei a appear to have become key actors in both the regional and EU Per maine eco ite etnias Western Balkans, which lie at the intersection of a number of major drug trafficking routes (e.g Balkan route for heroin), but Recher tier ome er etm nett rnts cocaine. These criminalDace ce CNRS Tear te eam oen cate la mee (rescore Tat Ce kus aM een on Reet Ce acon oe cones Roe e ribose eMC ica Bia musta tl Rumi tetad involvement in cannabis production within the EU. Their presence in a number of EU countries, primarily associated with indoor production facilities, has been noted. Patterns of cannabis cultivation in the region are shifting and diversifying. Bnet e ean Career Coe wre mse ty the past, while large-scale cannabis cultivation sites have been Prcee reer Bboy im tec Me Cee mse onc tes OAC Te Pinole rice Rn UO eC CMC ese RMU SRO Re meet ita chat Rte Oe stent iilevta cate ami stcc Laem lame witout eres at POP Ree hen OR Cer ca mes Tne E Pe EH ncn ncn emcee business. Pea ENTE y yy The global trade in illicit Afghan opiates has become one of the So beac mec rE Rea eae Ror ne ec d Lay Peete taiarcruthsts a Prise eno toI ve Bie stot le co cem ial te grec Freese titl eR Ra Coe mtr asm cers stadt FS os rs Reames ws UCae eT ECS at Cd Coe tems ec ace Pe icc ees oe creat Mm Mae oe MTCC OrT iCcraed route. Given the severity of the problem, UNODC and the Per C ne mount iom race Creme ene baste Tl monitoring of Afghan opiates as a priority. A dedicated project EMI B re WI Boe tal ser test uae be ele tes ator ele tkod understanding of the global impact of Afghan opiates. RY Seca Dm aed According to the United Nations, in 2020, Afghanistan Pec te Bor iota ie Lorene mC m acerca tem LOR em OT em nae RCO Eee largest economic sector, providing full-time employment to overPTA Batam ty MMe rater eee Leo los cea drug trade-poppy production was so prosperous that experts eco Re CM ENC ReLSIa mM Oth Loe eB eR CCL y Cre se toc bla Coen oeee eC eur boa tose em casi e Tec Tec TL m stator To the last point, while the Afghan economy began spiralling shortly eMC oe ORO ee ees ee eT bank assets, and removal of foreign aid-thus depriving farmers of POEUN ee cose sAV aM) Sn Mesh sCo ee nacre es Fe aoe EAC Re are eR Ts cnc Laois bg the withdrawal of foreign law enforcement agencies which had assisted the previous Republic's efforts BU Menon nae nec em ei metas Cer we U0) during their previous spell in power. But it took the regime several EUs om Tae ee sre Malek cts Cosa sCeC Re CL TRA Cote act Con Butea bitc viene A COe tba eet) aoa nrc hyo te ted pass TRUS POON MMU Rew tae moce ities) erate rte Reta sb evaporating state resources, it came as little surprise when reports emerged in late 2021 that the Taliban didn't act against the poppy eo ere) ep ety stn Snare Lol nemo cree cme e ery eRe Cena etiam en me etter: ment ret "Both imagery and reports from the ground indicate there was widespread cultivation, particularly in the southwest, with the potential for a sizable crop in 2022." said David Mansfield, an PCC een en rene ceecntentee ee ieee eta ta PN UR bern CCM MZ OCR Coletta on CTO n store PN SSM oO W A sR EL rR as kOe A eI Se that it was engaged in aggressive drug control, posting a photo in VE Row cacy cor ments tae ete Smeeprovince. There were also reports of eradication in other parts of RO cee U MEL er Lena COR CCR Ta Peta Mert eM Saale Tey bm Lonarea cect RVC ORs ceo reme Ttt ory ods eR eB Be te Se ome settee erate out thus makes little difference and throws into doubt the Taliban's intentions to actually ban cultivation. QARMA Questions A Resolution Must Answer 1. What are the consequences of illegal drug trafficking? 2, Withee Flaten arcamyp the lngagthza iociae gel etal d te trafficking? 3. What will be the benefits of banning illegal drug Prelaitesen ted 4. Which acting body would be responsible for controlling and handling this issue?& Bibliography. unodc.org | unodc | drug trafficking wilsoncenter.org | evenc | global-drug-trafficking-africas- expanding-role-over-global-challenges-posed-illic ohchr.org | press-releases | 2009 | 10-deep-concerns-expressed-ie- drug Pete a eA Lue Re SC eterno rete nationalcrimeagency.gov.uk | what-we-do | crime-threats | drugs oevattoseneteg Touro Rta Rost cM Rerattea sc vats sited