Group Task III

Lecturer

English Subject Zalisman, S.Pd.,

M.Pd

Tenses and Passive Voice

Created by:

Fitri Azzahra Ridwan (12020722489)

Rahmat Prayogo (12020712709)

Zidane Ramadhan Filian (12020712515)

Kelas III Bahasa Inggris D

Jurusan Ilmu Hukum

Fakultas Syariah Dan Hukum

Universitas Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau

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 2021/ 2022

PREFACE

First of all, thanks to Allah SWT because of the help of Allah, writer finished writing the

paper entitled “Tenses and Passive Voice” right in the calculated time.

The purpose in writing this paper is to fulfill the assignment that given by Mr. Zalisman,

S.Pd., M.Pd as lecturer in english major. 

In arranging this paper, the writer trully get lots challenges and obstructions but with help of

many indiviuals, those obstructions could passed. writer also realized there are still many

mistakes in process of writing this paper.

Because of that, the writer says thank you to all individuals who helps in the process of

writing this paper. Hopefully Allah replies all helps and bless you all.the writer realized that

this paper still imperfect in arraignment and the content. Then the writer hope the criticism

from the readers can help the writer in perfecting the next paper. Last but not the least

hopefully, this paper can helps the readers to gain more knowledge about english major.

Pekanbaru, 27 September 2021

Author

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE..................................................................................................................................ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS..........................................................................................................iii
CHAPTER I...............................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background..................................................................................................................1
1.2 Questions of the problems...........................................................................................1
1.3 Objectives....................................................................................................................2
CHAPTER II..............................................................................................................................3
THEORETICAL STUDY..........................................................................................................3
2.1 Tenses..........................................................................................................................3
2.1.1 Simple Present Tense...........................................................................................3
2.1.2 Present Continuous Tense....................................................................................3
2.1.3 Present Perfect Tense...........................................................................................4
2.1.4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense........................................................................5
2.1.5 Simple Past Tense................................................................................................5
2.1.6 Past Continuous Tense.........................................................................................6
2.1.7 Past Perfect Tense................................................................................................7
2.1.8 Past Perfect Continuous Tense.............................................................................7
2.1.9 Simple Future Tense............................................................................................8
2.1.10 Future Continuous Tense.....................................................................................8
2.1.11 Future Perfect Tense............................................................................................9
2.1.12 Future Perfect Continuous Tense.........................................................................9
2.1.13 Simple Past Future Tense...................................................................................10
2.1.14 Past Future Continuous Tense............................................................................11
2.1.15 Past Future Perfect Tense...................................................................................11
2.1.16 Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense...............................................................12
2.2 Passive voice.............................................................................................................13
2.2.1 Simple Present Tense.........................................................................................14
2.2.2 Simple Past Tense..............................................................................................14
2.2.3 Simple Future Tense..........................................................................................14
2.2.4 Simple Past Future.............................................................................................14
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 2.2.5 Present Continuous Tense..................................................................................15
2.2.6 Past Continuous Tense.......................................................................................15
2.2.7 Future Continuous Tense...................................................................................15
2.2.8 Present Perfect Tense.........................................................................................16
2.2.9 Past Perfect Tense..............................................................................................16
2.2.10 Future Perfect Tense..........................................................................................16
CHAPTER III...........................................................................................................................17
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS.....................................................................17
3.1 Conclusion.................................................................................................................17
3.2 Recommendation.......................................................................................................17
BIBLIOGRAPHY....................................................................................................................18

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 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

English is international language. If we can speak English well, we can communicate

with all people in the world. And then we also can get insight and science for our nation, we

can read English literature, listen international radio, and watch international movie. So, we

can get sciences for all category.

Not only to add skill international language, learn English make easier to get a job.

Speak international language give as many advantage for every one. Make us ready to

stay anywhere. Therefore, it is necessary to learn grammar or tenses in English so that we can

speak English more easy. We also understand how to make sentence correctly.

1.2 Questions of the problems

a. What the definition from tenses?

b. What the formula from tenses?

c. What the example from tenses?

d. What the definition from passive voice?

e. What the formula from passive voice?

f. What the example from passive voice?

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1.3 Objectives

a. To know definition from tenses

b. To know formula from tenses

c. To know example from tenses

d. To know definition from passive voice

e. To know formula from passive voice

f. To know example from passive voice

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 CHAPTER II

THEORETICAL STUDY

2.1 Tenses

2.1.1 Simple Present Tense

The simple present is a verb tense with two main uses. We use the simple present tense

when an action is happening right now, or when it happens regularly (or unceasingly, which

is why it’s sometimes called present indefinite). Depending on the person, the simple present

tense is formed by using the root form or by adding -s or -es to the end.

Formula and Examples :

 (+) Subject + verb 1 (+ s/es) + object / Subject + to be (am/is/are) +

adjective/adverb

(+) I use social media / She likes eating out / She is very polite and kind

 (-) Subject + do/does not + verb 1 + … / Subject + to be (am/is/are) + not +

adjective/adverb

(-) They do not use social media / She is not very polite and kind

 (?) Do/does + subject + verb 1 + object? / To be (am/is/are) + subject +

adjective/adverb?

(?) Does he use social media? / Is she polite and kind?

2.1.2 Present Continuous Tense

The present continuous tense is used for actions happening now or for an action that is

unfinished. This tense is also used when the action is temporary.

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 Formula and Example :

 (+) Subject + be (am/is/are) + verb (-ing) + …

(+) She is sleeping right now / We are studying today

 (-) Subject +be (am/is/are) + not + verb (-ing) + …

(-) She is not sleeping right now / We are not studying today

 (?) Be (am/is/are) + subject + verb (-ing) + …?

(?) Is she sleeping right now? / Are we studying today?

2.1.3 Present Perfect Tense

The present perfect tense is a verb tense used to express actions that occurred at a non-

specific time. The present perfect tense is also used to express actions that started in the past

but continue to the present.

Formula & Example :

 (+) I/You/We/They + have + verb 3                     / He/She/It + has + verb 3

They have lived in Jakarta for a long time           / He has learned English for one year

 (-) I/You/We/They + have + not + verb 3           / He/She/It + has + not + verb 3

They have not lived in Jakarta for a long time    / He has not learned English for one

year

 (?)Have + I/You/We/They + verb 3?                    /Has + He/She/It + verb 3?

Have they lived in Jakarta for a long time?         / Has he learned English for one year?

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 2.1.4 Present Perfect Continuous Tense

The present perfect continuous tense (also known as the present perfect progressive tense)

shows that something started in the past and is continuing at the present time. The present

perfect continuous is formed using the construction has/have been + the present participle

(root + -ing).

Formula & Example :

 (+) Subject + has / have + been + verb-ing

They have been working together since senior high school. / She has been working at

that company for three years.

 (-) Subject + has / have + not + been + verb-ing

It has not been raining for three days / I have not been living in America since 2003.

 (?) Has/have + subject + been + verb-ing?

Have you been eating this egg for an hour? / Has he been playing cricket for two

hours?

2.1.5 Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense verbs—also called past simple or preterit—show action that occurred

and was completed at a particular time in the past. The simple past tense of regular verbs is

marked by the ending -d or -ed. Irregular verbs have a variety of endings. The simple past is

not accompanied by helping verbs. “The simple past tense is often used with an adverbial

phrase that specifies a time in the past, such as yesterday, last year, (or) an hour ago,”

according to “Complete English Grammar Rules.”

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 Formula & Example :

 (+) Subject + verb 2 + object Subject + to be (was/were) + adjective/adverb

We attended the festival last week / She was absent yesterday.

 (-) Subject + did not + infinitive verb + object Subject + was/were + not +

adjective/adverb

We did not attend the festival last week / She was not absent yesterday.

 (?) Did + subject + infinitive verb + object?/ Was/were + subject +

adjective/adverb?

Did they attend the festival last week? / Was she absent yesterday?

2.1.6 Past Continuous Tense

The past continuous tense, also known as the past progressive tense, refers to a continuing

action or state that was happening at some point in the past. The past continuous tense is

formed by combining the past tense of to be (i.e., was/were) with the verb’s present participle

(ing word).

Formula & Example :

 (+) Subject + be (was/were) + verb (-ing) + …<

She was waiting for you yesterday / They were discussing my birthday party.

 (-) Subject +be (was/were) + not + verb (-ing) + …

She was not waiting for you yesterday / They were not discussing my birthday party.

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  (?) Be (was/were) + subject + verb (-ing) + …?

Was she waiting for you yesterday? / Were they discussing my birthday party?

2.1.7 Past Perfect Tense

The past perfect tense is a verb tense used to express actions that occurred in the past that

finished before another action in the past started.

Formula & Example :

 (+) Subject + had + verb 3

They had studied.

 (-) Subject + had + not + verb 3

They had not studied.

 (?) Had+ subject + verb 3?

Had they studied?

2.1.8 Past Perfect Continuous Tense

The past perfect continuous tense (also known as the past perfect progressive tense)

shows that an action that started in the past continued up until another time in the past. The

past perfect continuous tense is constructed using had been + the verb’s present participle

(root + -ing).

Formula & Example :

 (+) Subject + had + been + verb-ing + object

He had been living in Jakarta about ten years.

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  (-) Subject + had + not + been + verb-ing + object

He had not been living in Jakarta about ten years.

 (?) Had + subject + been + object ?

Had He been living in Jakarta about ten years?

2.1.9 Simple Future Tense

In English grammar, the simple future is a form of the verb that refers to an action or

event that has not yet begun. As illustrated below (in Examples and Observations), the

simple future is also used to make a prediction or to show ability, intention, or

determination. Also called the future simple.

Formula & Example :

 (+) Subject + will/shall + Verb 1 + Object Subject + be + going to + Verb 1 +

Object

I will leave it. / I am going to leave it.

 (-) Subject + will/shall + not + Verb 1 + Object Subject + be + not + going to +

Verb 1 + Object

I will not leave it. / I am not going to leave it.

 (?) Will + Subject + Verb 1? Be + Subject + going to + Verb 1 + Object?

Will I leave it? / Am I going to leave it?

2.1.10 Future Continuous Tense

The future continuous tense, sometimes also referred to as the future progressive tense, is

a verb tense that indicates that something will occur in the future and continue for an

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expected length of time. It is formed using the construction will + be + the present participle

(the root verb + -ing).

Formula & Example :

 (+) Subject + will + be +verb-ing

Mikaela will be running in a marathon race this Sunday morning.

 (-) Subject + will + be + not + verb-ing

Erika will not be competing against Mikaela in the race when the race starts.

 (?) Will + subject + be + verb-ing

Will Sunny and Rain be watching Mikaela race this Sunday evening?

2.1.11 Future Perfect Tense

The future perfect tense expresses action that will be finished at some point in the future.

The future perfect tense indicates actions that are complete, or finished. These actions have

not yet occurred but will occur and be finished in the future.

Formula & Example :

 (+) Subject + shall/will + have + been + complement / Subject + shall/will + have

+ verb III + object

I will have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning.

 (-) Subject + shall/will + not + been + complement / Subject + shall/will + not +

have + verb III + object

I will not have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning.

 (?) Shall/will + subject + been + complement / Shall/will + subject + have + verb

III + object?

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 Will you have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning?

2.1.12 Future Perfect Continuous Tense

The future perfect continuous, also sometimes called the future perfect progressive, is a

verb tense that describes actions that will continue up until a point in the future. The future

perfect continuous consists of will + have + been + the verb’s present participle (verb root + -

ing).

Formula & Example :

 (+) Subject + shall/will + have + been + verb-ing + object

My grandmother will have been visiting us tomorrow morning.

 (-) Subject + shall/will + not + have + been + verb-ing + object

My grandmother will not have been visiting us tomorrow morning.

 (?) Shall/will + subject + have + been + verb-ing + object?

Will your grandmother have been visiting you tomorrow morning?

2.1.13 Simple Past Future Tense

It is used to express the ‘idea’ that in the past an action/event was predicted, planned,

promised, expected or obliged to be done in the future of past, doesn’t matter if the idea is

correct or not.

Formula & Example :

 (+) Subject + should/would + be + object / Subject + should/would + verb I +

object

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 He should be in Banten next month.

 (-) Subject + should/would + not + be + object / Subject + should/would + not +

verb + object

He should not be in Banten next month.

 (?) Should/would + subject + be + object / Should/would + subject + verb I +

object

Would you be pick up when I arrive at the station tomorrow?

2.1.14 Past Future Continuous Tense

Past Future Continuous Tense is used to express about the idea’ that in the past

action/event was predicted, planned, promised, expected or obliged to be happening (being

continued) in a certain period in the past future, or while simultaneously another action/event

happened or was also happening (being continued) in the same period in the past future,

regardless the fact that idea was not proved to be true.

Formula & Example :

 (+) Subject + should/would + be + verb-ing + object

I would be singing Indonesian anthem last Monday.

 (-) Subject + should/would + not + be + verb-ing + object

My brother would not be finishing Thesis last week

 (?) Should/would + subject + be + verb-ing + object?

Should I be singing Indonesian anthem last Monday?

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 2.1.15 Past Future Perfect Tense

It is used to express the ‘idea’ in the past that an action/event was predicted, planned,

promised, expected or obliged to have been done completely before/ by a certain time in the

future (of past), or before/while another action/event happened in the future of past,

regardless the fact that the idea has not been proved to be true.

Formula & Example :

 (+) S + would/should/could/may/might/must + have + past participle (verb-3)

She would have worked / They would have been

 (-) S + would/should/could/may/might/must + not + have + past participle (verb-

3)

She wouldn’t have worked / They wouldn’t have been

 (?) would/should/could/may/might/must + S + have + past participle (verb-3)

Would she have worked / Would they have been

2.1.16 Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used to express an action or imaginary situation

that would have been happening in the past. The verb of Past Future Perfect Continuous

Tense is in progress at a certain point or during certain periods in the past. Past Future Perfect

Continuous Tenses are suppositions or assumptions, referring to the actors in the sentence

just assumed the sentence stated by it.

Formula & Example :

 (+) S + would + have + been + present participle (-ing)

I/you/she/he/it would have been driving.

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 They/we would have been working.

 (-) S + would + not + have + been + present participle (-ing)

I/you/she/he/it would not have been driving.

They/we would not have been working.

 (?) Would + S + have + been + present participle (-ing)

Would I/you/she/he/it have been driving.

Would they/we have been working.

2.2 Passive voice

“Voice” is a characteristic of verbs which indicates the relation of the verb’s action to its

subject. In other word, voice is the form a verb takes to indicate whether the subject of the

verb performs or receives the action.The voice of verb shows whether the sentence is active

or passive.

A passive voice is a type of a clause or sentence in which an action (through verb), or an

object of a sentence, is emphasized rather than its subject. Simply, the subject receives the

action of the verb. The emphasis or focus is on the action, while the subject is not known or is

less important.

For instance, in the sentence “[Fern] found an old milking stool that had been discarded,

and she placed the stool in the sheepfold next to Wilbur’s pen” (Charlotte’s Web, by E.B.

White), the underlined phrase is an example of a passive voice in which the author has not

identified the subject – the reader does not know who discarded the milking stool. Rather, the

focus is on the action of placing the abandoned stool.

Function of Passive Voice

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 Style guides do not support the use of passive voice in technical writings, because it

makes the text lengthy, slow to read, and often ambiguous. However, it is very common in

literature, lab reports, and scientific writings, where the performer is given lesser importance

than the action. In these types of writings, a passive voice is very helpful to avoid taking

responsibility of the actions. It is also useful when a writer wants to shift focus from the

subject to an action.

2.2.1 Simple Present Tense

Formula: S + is/am/are + V3/past participle

Example:

 Liana is allowed to wash the car by her father.

 I am qualified enough to participate in this event.

2.2.2 Simple Past Tense

Formula: S + was/were + PP

Example:

 She was phoned by her friend to bought some fruit.

 This cake was made by my mother last night.

2.2.3 Simple Future Tense

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Formula: S + will be + PP

Example:

 We will be taught by Mr. Gillman.

 This article will be written by Bunga Medina.

2.2.4 Simple Past Future

Formula: S + would be/should be + PP

Example:

 You should be gone.

 He would be accompanied by his friends to the museum.

2.2.5 Present Continuous Tense

Formula: S + is/am/are being + PP

Example:

 They are being punished by their teacher.

 He is being haunted by bad dreams.

2.2.6 Past Continuous Tense

Formula: S + was/were being + PP

Example:

 Patrick said they were being stalked.

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  Rangga was being left by Cinta.

2.2.7 Future Continuous Tense

Formula: S + is/am/are going to be +PP

Example:

 This car is going to be bought by Alex.

 Those Pizzas are going to be delivered soon.

2.2.8 Present Perfect Tense

Formula: S + has/have been + PP

Example:

 This restaurant has been opened.

 These shirts have been washed.

2.2.9 Past Perfect Tense

Formula: S + had been + PP

Example:

 I had been warned to stay away from this place.

 I had been eaten this spageti.

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 2.2.10 Future Perfect Tense

Formula: S + will have been + PP

Example:

He will have been moved to another class.

I will have been told if she arrived.

CHAPTER III

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

3.1 Conclusion

From the discussion above I can conclude that the tenses is a form of the verb in the

English language to indicate the time (present, future, or past) the occurrence of an act or

event.

The types of tenses is divided into three parts, the Present Tense, Future Tense and Past

Tense. Present Tense itself consists of the Simple Present Tense, Present Continues Tense

and Present Perfect Tense. While Future Tense comprises Simple Future Tense, Future

Continuous Tense, Future Perfect Tense, Future Perfect Continuous Tense and. Then the

latter consisting of Past Tense Future Past Tense, Future Past Continuous Tense, Past Perfect

Future Tense, Past and Future Perfect Continuous Tense.

And a passive construction occurs when you make the object of an action into the subject

of a sentence. That is, whoever or whatever is performing the action is not the grammatical

subject of the sentence.

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 3.2 Recommendation

Similarly, we can describe the material that is the subject of this proposal, of course, there

are still many shortcomings and weaknesses, because it lacks of the knowledge and the

reference. Author much hope dear readers, providing constructive criticism and suggestions

for the perfect proposal to the author in the writing of the proposal in the next opportunities.

Hopefully this paper is useful for writers in particular are also dear readers in general. Such

review this time, may be useful for you and also inspire.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

www.studiobelajar.com

www.grammarly.com

www.writingexplained.org

www.squline.com/belajar-16-tenses-dalam-bahasa-inggris/

https://literarydevices.net/passive-voice/

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