Problem ts ‘a. Circle the case(s) below in which multiple steady states.arg possible. aaa +t +t Exothermic, Endothermic, _Exothermic, /“Exothermic,\\_//Exothermic, F points wall-ooted adiabatic adiabatic semi- [ wall-cooled } ( adiabatic PFR PFR CSTR batch reactor CSTR with large recycle ratio 4 a b. Given the elementary reaction steps: A—+ B—#-+C , can you achieve a higher concentration of B in a PFR ora CSTR if ki=k2? Explain your answer sentences or less. siqnex concentratign FB #5 expecked in a PFE. APFR Operasxes 04 conditions tha Chan’ down the length of the actor 5 ACSTR opeoks af tha exit Condrhons and vould allow the reachon 7 progus to the formabon of Cot the maxrats of Combinghon of 8 lat Yt max, B concenrahor) 5 points c. On the curve below, draw arrows indicating how the adiabatic CSTR temperature responds to a 20°C decrease in inlet temperature, given an initial inlet feed temperature of 380°C. Make sure that you draw the path of operating reactor temperatures that the system follows as the inlet temperature decreases from 380°C to 360°C. Assume that the tion and heat capacities are independent of temperature, heat of re 2 Seume SLOPL . for each Wwne tl just line c fas noo moves os & tS arews+ Vine 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 Temperature (°C) max S points4. A non-ideal steady state, wall-cooled reactor is described by the G(T) and R(T) curves below. Indicate the steady states by clearly numbering each one. Determine the stability of each steady state and justify your choices in two or three sentences. Assume that the heat of reaction and heat capacities are independent of temperature G(T), R(T) Temperature (K) § stable for each stave Steady stake 10 smut © 43 perturbation n returns 7h sysicm to © “react svat. 4 wrstable for unstuble sico.cly Sribea | with more nercckion -eaplanction, vane 2 Ru) smut perturbedon= Che move to a Stuble Steo.oly Sate.©. How does thie mole balance curve (i.e. Xp vs. temperature) shift for a first-order reaction in a CSTR when you increase the inlet concentration and keep all other parameters constant? Indicate and justify your answer with a sentence or a qualitative graph, Ke ty KE First oroer reaction: A= No shift, mole batanes does not depend On concentration for Arst orolus veachon. (Fait eraatin possible if assurmol T cheuryg d but Sal exglancction require a). +3 points for no Change" S points roted ra exp lawn.Problem 2. (35 points) The temperature and conversion in an infinitely long isobaric PFR are shown below as a function of the reactor volume. The reactor is surrounded by a jacket for heat transfer. ‘The value of Ua is 100 cal dm” s K’'. The gas-phase elementary, reversible reaction is 2A > B+ 2C and pure A is fed to the reactor at a concentration of 0.05 mol dm” and a volumetric flow rate of 1 dm’ The absolute value of the heat of the reaction is 20,000 cal (mol of. ‘Ay! at 500 K, and the heat capacities of A, B, and C are 1,0, J.0, and 0.5 cal mol"! K", respectively. TH] x fone | os — 02 o 0 7 8 & V (Gm) a, The coolant temperature is constant. What is the coolant temperature? If you cannot find T, and need it in a later section, take T, = 325 K (Note: This is an incorrect answer), At ithe art of the reeckr » Syornts total o 1X, ha Ta-T) vbw (CT) i Fae (po | Te Ta= Sook b. Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? Briefly justify your answer. Ex thavaue Sle te earyp oct, uni unease: Thi wpnortace muat Com om Pee Nectunr unc Ta ~T. Sant s Actac. What is the instantaneous rate of consumption of A at V=10dm'? padts Avo a ‘eens +A cation @ veIoans Noh, apeo Val = ~(halo-T) _ —100 ames (S0-0k) “e Sinn = ge0v0 FV fngg Vn = | ek : 4d. What is the numerical value of the equilibrium constant, including the units? You may give the value at any temperature you choose, but the temperature must be specified. Pade vas Det CA? cher Cele? =O © Store Ge Fie (-X) Ge Paths) (ee Tf oe We) (2) i) Gs seh t E= Sogo= (LU) epee Cy Cool AX) |r lady swcwrennl cd (= Cao VEX) Te! hy \t Ce bao | (=) (rah \2 pants Acted, ———© Swe e*Cg ee a = Oe APN) Crd “Tan ( ecm xy = (no % ¥ 2 (%) - nos(s oar, eae 0% (+0.3) (1-0-6)? Ka 0.084 wart @ Sook | LS.©. What is the total amount of heat removed from the reactor? (This part is worth 12 points.) °° AY _ UaeeT) rrp Divan Ay _ Wale T) rq die av The Fre & Ours Uolte=T) dV + 1A Atttryn ay = Al ao os Fac (ef aT = [ veabaT)e + Aan ra e o> . QueT ° Va = “Yost Gan rmbt kodones. Fao Ge (1) = Qnet + Siri Vee Sm X - Ou Qunet= Fre Cpe (mp) + Fee On \ oy 6 = 9.05 (1)(1 (400-0) + p.-05(1)-20000){0-4-0) \Ser= as S| ee hua remored .Problem 3. (30 points ; ‘An elementary, liquid-phase reaction A + B > 2C is to be carried out in an isothermal CSTR. A. ; and B enter the reactor at 27°C, with a total flow of 2 dm’ s'', and equal concentrations of | mol dm. The rate constant at 27°C is 0.01 dm’ mots" and the ‘standard heat of the reaction at 2c is ,60kI (mol of A)’. The reactor coolant temperature is constant at 10°C and U=2.0 kJ m” s K'', The heat capacities of A, B, and C are 2, 1, and 1.5 kJ mol K", respectively. a, Determine the reactor volume required to achieve a 45% conversion of A. Disges VoL ts Wk Role = —ra=kCa Ca Sorts Gaz Cm FX) Ca Ceo -X) N= GecweX _ 9.2(6-48) [2erans| | ROEUXF — (OX NOSS b. Determine the heat transfer area needed to run the reactor isothermally at 45% conversion of A. © Cetharmos) ER= Fre UE (t-te) + + Ge yy <) Hpeants tele ioe | — AW AG *O fre Yes (cathe Ree) gp artue Xs Qt), WOT) a 0" 289)c. Would the answer to part b) be higher or lower (choose one) if we had included shaft ae work? Justify your answer in one sentence. yet Higher bIC more energy "y being pk mo Fhe reachor That necdd fo he removed. 4. The feed temperature is no longer 27°C. Ifthe reactor were to operate adiabatically and is at 27°C and 45% conversion of A, what new feed temperature would be required? Yeg= 84+ & Oh) ~ONen Gist! tla Yes -atin) = 800 ~ (0-4S)(60) pe 3 i\ygrts_ Wot¢. The reactor is still run adiabatically and the inlet temperature is changed to 27°C. When this is performed, the conversion increases to 93%. Based on this observation, what is the activation barrier for this reaction? eg ° & (ER) F puts SoteR = BiG Tor ein) cop 5 (0.9910) gray Cp 3 - wh eg r¥Y wh ot) Lay ae N(x) ae eed? te lS 5, -L)) ol). Bc + 3a) ne ~ Soop ao Sit = Ooh Ph nok Archan tus *f, Below is the curve of Xup,, (mole balance conversion of A) vs. T. Draw the lines for Xes.q (energy balance conversion of A) vs. T for parts b), d), and e) and label them. ‘You must accurately indicate the T* values (Fogler calls this Tc) for all cases. Clearl th parallel slopes by drawing equal signs through them. % Ae Xwaa OF Kea 04 Temperature (K) Kanter eegtS are TV tees = Tee dala drs drain et | conn UA 2 (aKIS8) a eM Zyay Oo Jo Solution +e = (2930S27) +800 _ qf alin Xneé fuer JIT rw preteen pat dde (acimbatre ) T= To (ct=0) 7 = 24K ky part a = SOK for payt ©ly = 325 K is charged with Nay = 100 mol of pure liquid A. At time t = 0, an equimolar liquid feed of B and inert I at temperature Tia = 300 K is fed to the semibatch reactor at a total molar flow rate Fr = 10 mol hr’. The reaction A+B —> 2C occurs in the reactor. Assume a temperature independent heat of reaction of -100 kJ mol" of A.a C,= 1 kJ mol K” for all species, and A to be the limiting reactant for all times. Also assume an Arthenius temperature dependence for k where E, is 30 kJ mol", Given that a 50% conversion of A is achieved after 10 hrs, write out a thermochemical eycle and use it to calculate the reactor temperature at this time. Et nergy Bokonce ' (Nr t fet + Fret )}ep: (T-Ts) =- Stan Nie a * (fet? Fret): Gp: (Te- Tpeacd) (100 # fs Cio) ) ret) an (41-3258) ‘ Clodley mor « | oe lease Bpo &) (tes aot A) CO: s) aT