D) Mega book ciuyen cia sich twyen ni CHUONG 2: CACBOHIDRAT A, LY THUYET L- Cfu trie phan tir 1) Glucoze va fructoze (CoHl:200) a) Glucozo = Li monosaccarit = Cau tao bai + mot nhém cacbonyl & C; (la andehit) + nim nhém— OH 4 nim nguyén tir eacbon edn Iai = CT: (li poliancol) : CH,OH[CHOH]},CHO = Glucoza €6 day di céc tinh chat cia rugu da chite va andehit dom chit. b) Fructozo — Laddng phan cia glucozo — Céu tao bai : + mét nhém cacbonyl é vi tri C2 (la xeton) +-ndm nhém — OH 6 nim nguyén tir eacbon edn Iai = CT: (li poliancol): CH,OH[CHOH];COCH;OH — Trong méi truimg baze, fructozo cé sir chuyén hod thanh Glucozo oF CH,OH[CHOH],-CO-CH,0H === CH,OH[CHOH),CHO 2) Saccarozo’ va mantozo (Ci2H2:011) a) Saccaroze = La mét disaccarit, = Cu tao bai C; ciia géc « - glucozo néi véi C2 cua géc P - fructozo qua nguyén tir 0(C;-0-G). = Trong phan tit khéng con nhém OH semiiaxetal, nén khong c6 kha nding m6 vong. ») Mantoze = La ding phan cia Saccarozo, — Cu tgo bai C, ciia géc a - glucozo néi véi C, cia géc a - hode f - glucozo qua nguyén tir 0(C:-0-Cy). — Bon vj monosaccarit thir hai c6 nhém OH semiaxetal ty do, c6 thé mé vong tao thanh nhom_ andehit (CHO). 3) Tinh b9t va xenluloze (CeH03)a a) Tinh bat = La polisacearit = Cau tao bai cae mat xich a-glucoze lién két véi nhau thanh mach xoan 1d xo — Phin tte khong c6 nhém CHO va cée nhém OH bi che lip di. b) Xenluloze ~ Khéng La déng phan cua tinh bt = Cu tao bai cée mat xich f-glucoza ign két v6i nhau think mach kéo di — Phan tr khong ¢6 nhém CHO va méi mit xich con 3 nhém OH ty do — Nén céng thite ciia xenlulozo cdn 6 thé viét [CeHO)(OH)sh. 15 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc Megabook») Mega BOOK cian cia sich tuyen i TI. Tinh chat hoa he oN ohidrat “| Steer | Froctoze | Saccstozo | Mantoza | Tinhbgt | Xenulors ‘Tinh chat Tinh chat eda 2Agh =QAg) 2Agh i i andehit + AgNOs/NHs tcno [+ : + : : + Cu(OH)y/ NaOH t” | Matmau + dung dich Br dung dich - - + : : Bro Tinh chat cia | dung dich | dung dich | dung dich | dung dich poliancol miuxanh | mauxanh | miuxanh | mau xanh - - + Cu(OHs lam lam Jam lam Phan ing thuy 5 ‘a phan - - Glucora + | 2 phan tT Giucoza | Glucoze Fructozs | Glucoza + H,0/H" Phin img mau mau xanh +h : : - : dae tame - ¥ Xenlulozo + HNOs HySO04¢ trinitrat Phi ing en men Con +HANi,t') Sobitol Sobitol (6 phan img, khong yeu clu vidt sin phim, (-) Khong 06 phin tng, B. CAC DANG BAI TAP DIEN HINH CO DAP AN Dang 1: Phan tng oxi héa khong hoan toan cacbohidrat L. Co sé li thuyét va mét sé cha ¥ = Cée chat tham gia phan img tring bac va phan img véi Cu(OH),/OH" ‘mantozo (fructozo khong ¢6 nhém CHO, nhung trong mdi trudmg ki glucozo => Coi phan img gidng glucozo), t°): glucozo, fructoro, chuyén héa think * Glucozo, fructoro, mantozo — * Glucozo, fructoro, mantozo—: my cu,o 4 dé gach * Glucozo, mantozo bi oxi héa béi dung dich Br2, KmnO, (Lim mat mau dung dich Br: vi KMn0,),, fructozo khong e6 phan img nay. IL. Bai tap Bai 1(CD-07): Cho 50ml dung dich glucozo chira r6 néng 46 téc dang véi m@t ng du dung dich NHs thu durge 2,16 gam bac két tia. Néng d6 mol cia dung dich glucozo da ding li ‘A.0.20M. B. 0,10M. C.0,01M. D.0,02M. Huéng Din ay, = 2162108 = 0,02(mon) " Glucozo + 2Ag > Bonne = 050222 = 0,01 mol) = Co.u, = 0501: 0,05 = 0,20M = Dap in A 16 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Ha Hoc MegabookD) Mega book cinyen cia sich wen Bai 2: Hoa tan 70,2 gam hén hgp X gom glucozo va saccarozo vio nude duge dung dich Y. Cho Y tée dung vai lrgng du dung dich AgNO; trong NH; dun néng thu duge 43,2 gam Ag. Thanh phan % khoi Jugng saccarozo c6 trong hén hop X 1a ‘A. 51,282%, B. 48,718%. C.14,359%, D.97,436%. Hung Din * Dat sé mol cde chat trong X la CeH120¢ : x(mol) ; C12H2O1: : y (mol) 3 18054 342y = 70,20) Hiss + 2Ag x 2x > 2x = 43,2:108 > x = 0,2(mol), thé x vao (1) = y=0,1(mol) 1.342 = Mey 100 = 48,718% " 70,2 + Dip sn B Bai Chia 200 gam dung dich hén hgp glucozo va fructozo thanh hai phan bing nhau. ~ Phan 1: Cho téc dung véi lugng dur dung dich AgNOs/NHs duge 86,4 gam Ag. ~ Phin 2: Mat miu vira hét dung dich chira 35,2 gam Br. Ning d6 % cia fructozo trong dung dich ban dau li A.324%. B. 396%, C. 16.2%, D. 45,0%. Huéng Din 6,4 :108 = 0,8(molen,, = 35,2:160 = 0,22(mel) = Phan 1 Glucozo + 2Ag Fructozo > 2Ag = Phan 2: Glucozo + 1Br2-> sp > Monee ~ Bay ~ 922ml) 4 gam O82 = 0,4(mol) — 18(mol) 18.180 100 C% ears = 100 = 32,4% = Dip an A Sho m gam hén hop X gém ghicozo va fructozo tic dung véi long dur dung dich AgNOs/NHs tao ra 6,48 gam Ag. Ciing m gam hén hop nay lam mat mau vira hét dung dich chita 1,2 gam Br. Thanh phan Bai % iwong glucozo eé trong X 1 A. 50%, B.12,5% €.25%, D. 75%. Huéng Din # ng, = 6481108 = 0,06(motin,, =1,2:160 = 0,0075(mor) * Glucozo + IBry -> sp = Sopa ~ 8:0075(m 01) = Glucozo + 2Ag = Fructozo + 2Ag uv Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book cin cia sich tuyen mi Bai 5: Thy hign phan img tring bac 36 gam dung dich glucozo 10% véi lwgng dur dung dich AgNO¥NHS (néu higu suat phan tng 100%) thi khéi lugng bac kim logi thu duge 1a A864 gam. €.43,2 gam, D.2,16 gam, 36.10 Memes 0,02(m01) 40.100 Glucozo 2Ag yg = 0,04 mol) > m,, = 4.324 gam) = Dip in B Bai 6: Neudi ta ding glucozo dé tring rut phich. Trung binh cin phai ding 0,75 gam glucozo cho m@t rudt phich, biét higu swat cia ton qué trinh li 80%, Luong bac 6 trong mét rust phich la A. 0,36 gam, B. 0,45 gam. €.0,72 gam. D. 0,90 gam. Huéng Din onus ~ 0075180 = 1:240(m01) Glucozo + 2Ag Ltos.o,s - 240 = Dip in . Bai 7: Cho 34,2 gam hén hop saccarozo c6 lin mantozo téc dung hodn toan véi AgNOsNHs dur, thu duge 0,216 gam bac. Dé tinh khiét cia saccarozo la A 95%, B. 85%, €.90%. D.99%, Huéng Din 72(gam) ug = 0,216:108 = 0,002(mo1) Mantozo + 2Ag = 0,002: 2=0,001(m 02) = My, .cuas =34,2~ 0,001,342 = 33,858( gam) 33,858 34,2 100 - 99% = Dip én D Bai 8: Hoa tan 6,12 gam hén hop X gom glucozo va saccarozo vao nudc, duge dung dich Y. Cho Y tic dung véi long dur dung dich AgNO/NHs thu duge 3,24 gam Ag. Khéi luong saccarozo cé trong hén hop Xa A.2,7 gam, B. 3,42 gam. €.4,32 gam, D. 2,16 gam. Huwéng Din gg = 324108 = Glucozo + 2Ag 2032 = O,01S(mo1) => Many Msn ©5112 =2,7 = 3,42(2am) = Dip in B Bai 9: Cho m gam glucozo va fructozo te dung véi Iwgng dur dung dich AgNOs/NHs tgo ra 43,2 gam Ag. Ciing m gam hon hgp nay tic dung vita hét v6i 8 gam Br, trong dung dich. Sé mol glucozo va fructozo trong hén hop nay Kin lugt 1a ‘A. 0,05 mol va 0,15 mol. B. 0,1 mol va 0,15 mol. .O3(mo1) 1 gam) 18 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book cin cia sich tuyen mi C. 0,2 mol va 0,2 mol D. 0,05 mol va 0,35 mol Huéng Din yg © 43,2:108 = 0,4 molding, = 82160 = 0,05(mo!) = Glucozo +1Br—> sp > Messane = 0105(m01) = Glucozo + 2Ag Fructozo > 2Ag F Moteste + Berens 7942 Menagag = Os1SOMOD = Bip an A . . Bai 10: Hoa tan hoan toan 140,4 gam hén hgp X gdm glucozo, fructozo va saccarozo vio nude réi chia Jim hai phan bing nhau: - Phan 1: Cho téc dung véi dung dich AgNOs/NHs dur, dun néng thu duge 43,2 gam Ag. - Phin 2: Lam mat mau via di dung dich chita 16 gam brom. ‘Thanh phan % khéi lung fructozo va saccarozo cé trong hén hgp X lan lugt li A. 25,64% va 48,72%, B. 48,72% va 25,64%. C. 25,64% vi 25,64%, D. 12,82% va 74,36%. Huéng Din ny, = 43,2:108 = 0,4(mol) + Phan 2: Glucoz0 +1Bry > = 0.1(m00) + Phan 1: Glucozo > 2Ag Fructozo + 2Ag 16:160 = 0,1(mol) 3 Ponsa 5042253 Mea, = OM OD = 70,2-0,2.180 4.2 gam) 1iso FEM Soon = 100 = 25,68% 96 My. e 100 = 48,72% 70,2 = Dip in A Dang 2: Phan tng thy phan cachohidrat L. Co sé li thuyét va mét sé cha ¥ + Cacbohidrat dirge chia lim 3 loai * Monosaccarit (cacbohidrat don gin nbét, thuimg gp la glucozo va fructozo: C,Hi:0,): Khong, bj thiy phan * Disaccarit (thuémg gap la saccarozo va mantozo: C;2H220;1): Thuy phan cho hai monosaccarit, Cralh:0y + HhO | 2+ CeH20¢ + CoH 120e. (Saccarozo) (Glucozo) (Fructozo) CpH2O; + HO Ls 2CKH 206 (Mantozo) (Glucozo) * Polisaccarit (thuéng gap la tinh bt va xenlulozo): Thiy phan cho n phan tir monosaccarit (Cotlios)o + nFzO —4 > nCyHi20s . (Glucoz0) * pé don gidm cho vige tinh todn, nén: ‘Sir dung so 46 phan img thay cho vige viét phuong trinh héa hoe. 19 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book ciyen cia sich twyen ni ‘Trong qua trinh tinh ton, hé s6 polime héa sé duge trig tiéu, vi vay dé dom gin cho vige tinh todn, nén chon hé s6 polime héa n= 1 1. Bai tip . . Bai 1: Thiy phn 243 gam tinh b6t vdi higu sudt eta phin Ging 14 75%, kh6i lung glucozo thu drge 1a A. 202,5 gam. B. 270 gam C.405 gam. D. 360 gam. Huéng Din (CoHicOn)p + Ly nCahnOs 243 > Meneams = 180.0, 75 = 202,5(gam) 192 = Dip in A Bai 2(CD-2010): Thuy phén hodn toan 3,42 gam saccarozo trong méi trudmg axit, thu duge dung dich X. Cho toan b6 dung dich X phan img hét véi lung dir dung dich AgNOs trong NHs, dun néng, thu duge m gam Ag. Gid tri cha m la A. 21,60. B. 2,16, €.432, D. 43,20. Huéng Dan Ngan = 3:42 :342 = 0,01(m0!) CiHz201 + H,0 + 2C6H120s CaHi20¢ > 2Ag 01.4 = 0,04(mol) => m,, = 4,32(Ram) = Dap in Bai 3: Thy hign phan img tring bac véi dung dich X chia m gam hén hgp glucozo va saccarozo thu duge 0,02 mol Ag. Néu dun néng X véi HySO, loang, du, rdi trung hda axit du, thu duge dung dich Y. ‘Thue hign phan img tring bac dung dich Y thu durgc 0,06 mol Ag. Gia trj eta m 1a 8,64. B.5,22, €.10,24, D. 3,60. Huéng Dan - X+AgNOyNHs Glucozo + 2Ag Monon = Oo mel - X+H)S0,loing — san phim + Ag Ci2H20n1 + H20 + 2CoHi206 San pham chi gdm CoHi206 > o,4,, = 9.062 = 0,03(mo!) Monee +24 0,03 9 My, 0,01(mot) = m =180.0,01+342.0,01 = 5,22(gam) = Dap in B . Bai 4: Thy phan m gam mantozo véi higu suit phan img la 60%, sau phan img thu duge 450 gam glucozo. Gié tri cia m la A. 256,5, B. 1425, 4275. D.712,5. Huéng Din CH2O1 +H20 + 2CoHi206 450:180 = 2,5(mol) 2.5 100 100 542 = 712,5(gam) 60 = Dap nD BAi 5: Thy phén hodn toan m gam tinh bot v6i higu sudt 80% thu duge 100 gam glucozo. Gid tri ciia m A112. B. 90. C76. D.72. Huéng Din 20 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book ciyen cia sich twyen ni (CeHi00s), +nHLO —22 4 nCdH1205 Ronens ~100:180 = $:9(mol) 2.2 112, sceam) 9" 80 = Dap dn A. Bai 6: Thy phan hodn toan 34,2 gam dung dich saccarozo 30% trong méi trudng axit v6 co loang, dun néng, thu dirgc dung dich X. Trung hoa dung dich X roi cho tic dung véi dung dich AgNOs/NHs dur, dun néng thu duge m gam Ag. Gid tri cia m li A. 12,96. B. 43,2. €.25,92. D.648. Huéng Dan -03(mol) 342 100 Ci2HaOn | HO —2 + 2Cel206 ago, = 9503.2 = 0,06(m 01) CaHi206 > 2Ag my, = 12MIN > may => Dap dn A. Bai 7: Thly phn hodn toan m gam dung dich saccarozo 13,68% trong mdi truimg axit v6 co loding dun néng, thu dige dung dich X. Trung hoa dung dich X roi cho tic dung véi dung dich AgNOs/NHs dur, dun néng thu duge 5,4 gam Ag. Gié tri cia m la A3L25. B. 625. C.855. D. 4,275. Huéng Dan 2,96(gam) CiaH201) + HO —H> 2CeH20¢ CoHli206 > 2Ag, ap SA 108 = 0,05(m01) = Mego, ® 00052 = 0,025(mO1) = Mego, = 002522 © 0,0125(moN) 125,342,100 31,25(gam) 268 = Dip in A Bai 8: Thy phan hodn toan ciing m6t long saccarozo vi mantozo trong méi tru’mg axit, sin phim thily phan cia hai chat nay dem trung héa rdi thy hign phan mg trang guong duge khéi lugng Ag trong hai iruimg hop theo thirty lan hurgt la x va y. Quam hé gitta x va y 1a Axay. B.x>y. Cx 2Ag gg = ABZ N08 = 0,801) > Meso, ~ OLMOL) =F Mygage ~ 182 ~ 052.180 = 34,26 gam) 342 = tm, 42 00 = 48.7% 70,2 = Dap dn A. 2 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book cin cia sich tuyen mi Bai 10: Bun ndng 8,55 gam cacbohidrat X véi dung dich HCl dén phan img hoan toan, Cho dung dich sau phan img tée dung véi lugng dur AgNOs/NHs, thu duge 10,8 gam Ag. X c6 thé la chat nao dug day (biét Mx < 400 dve)? ‘A. Glucozo. B. Fructozo. €. Saccarozo. D. Xenlulozo. Huéng Din yg = 10,8108 = 0,1(m 01) CsHi205 > 2Ag > Meno, © 91:2 = 0,05(mol) X + nCgHr205 0,05 ass raed iar 3 n= 2M, = 3425 CHO = Dap anc Bai 11: Chia m6t hén hgp gém tinh bét va glucozo thinh hai phan bing nhau. Héa tan phan thir nhat trong nude rdi cho phan (ing hoan ton véi AgNO; trong NH du thi duge 2,16 gam Ag. Dun phan thir hai véi HySO, loang, sau 46 trung hoa bing NaOH roi cing cho tic dung voi AgNOs trong NH; di thi duge 6,48 gam Ag. Khéi lung tinh bét trong hén hgp dau bang A. 4,86 gam. B. 9,72 gam, C.3,24 gam. D. 6,48 gam. . Huéng Din ~ Phin 1 gg = 216:108 = 0,02(mel) Coli. > 2Ag Meno, = 900212 = 0,01mal) ~ Phin 2: (Cofl003)q + NEO — + nC 120 CoHl1206 > 2Ag ry = 6148108 = 0,06(m 01) Menge, = 910652 = 0,0R(mal) => Maainsar = 0,03 — 0,01 = 0,02(mol) > mson oe = 0,02.162.2 = 6.48 gam. = Dp an D Bai 12: Ilda tan m gam hn hgp saccarozo va mantozo vio made duge dung dich X. Chia X thanh hai phan bing nhau. ~ Phan 1: Téc dung véi lugng du dung dich AgNOs/NHs dur duge 10,8 gam Ag - Phan 2: Dun véi dung dich HCI loging dé phan img xay ra hoain toan, thu duge dung dich Y. Dung _ dich ¥ tée dung vira hét v6i 30,4 gam Bro, ‘Néng d6 phin tram cia saccarozo trong hén hgp dau li A.35,7%. B. 47.3%. €.52,7%. D. 64.3%. Huwéng Din + Phan 1 ny = 10,8108 = 0,101) Mantozo + 2Ag 2 Magee = O01: 2 = 0,05(mo1) + Phan 2: ny, = 30,4160 = 0,19(m01) Mantozo +H,0 > 2Glucozo (1) 0.05 Ou 2 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book cinyen cia sich wen Saccarozo + HO -+ Glucozo + Fructozo (2) Glucozo + 1Br2 > San pham (3) Tit) ogous = 8.19001) Tit (1), 2) mencven 6, 09(mo1) 0,09 0,05 + 0,09 ow 100 = 64,3% = Dap dn D. BAi 13: Cho m gam hén hep X gm tinh b6t va glucozo te dung véi lwgng dir dung dich AgNOs trong NHs dun néng thu durge 21,6 gam Ag. Mat khéc, dun néng m gam X véi dung dich HCl lodng, dur dé phan img xay ra hodn toan, thu durge dung dich Y. Dung dich Y lim mat mau vira hét dung dich chita 32 gam Bro. Gid tri eda m Ta ‘A342. B. 50,4. Cg. D. 33,3. Huéng Din yp = 24,6:108 = 0,2(molin,, = 32:160 = 0,2(m 01) X + AgNO\NHs: Glucozo + 2Ag (1) o2:2- (mot) X+HCI > sin phim + Br > (CiH1i003)q + HyO — > nCeb20¢ (2) CoHi20¢ + IBr2— sin pham (3) Theo (3) > reno, = 0 2(ma > Minn vg = 0.2 0,1 = 0,1 (mol) = m= 162.0,1 + 180.0,1 = 34,2 (gam) = Dap an A Bai 14: Hoa tan m gam hén hgp X gém saccarozo, mantozo va glucozo (trong d6 sé mol glucozo bing 1g s6 mol mantozo va saccarozo) vao nude duge dung dich Y. Chia dung dich Y thanh hai phi hau: - Phin 1 cho tic dung véi dung dich AgNOs/NHs dur thu durge 10,80 gam Ag. ~ Thay phan hoan todn phan 2 (dun véi dung dich H2SO, du), sau dé trung hoa va thy hign phan img, tring guong thu duge 19,44 gam Ag, Gia tr ctia m la A31,32. B. 30,96, C.15,66. D. 15,48. Hung Din = Phan 1 ‘At sé mol cdc chit trong 1/2X ld Saccarozo : x(mol) ; Mantozo : y(mol); Glucozo : x + y(mol) Fryg = 10,8108 = 0,140) Mantozo + 2g (1) Glucozo + 2Ag (2) Tir (1) va) > y+ x+y =0,1:2 5 x4 2y = 0,057) + Phan 2: ny, = 19,44 1108 = 0,18(0 0) Saccaroz0 + H,O > 2CsHi20s (3) Mantozo + H20 + 2CsHi20¢ (4) Calli. > 2Ag (5) 23 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book cin cia sich tuyen mi Theo (5) > eye, = O18! 2 = 0,09(mor) 3 Det 2ysre y= 0,095 x+y = 0,031) ‘Té hop (I) va (I) -> x = 0,01(mol); y = 0,02(mol) > m= 2.(842.0,01 + 342.0,02 +180.0,03) = 31,32(am) = Dap én. A Bai 15: Hén hgp X gdm m; gam mantozo va m2 gam tinh bt, Chia X lam hai phan bing nhau, - Phan 1: Héa tan trong nude dur, Igc lay dung dich rdi cho phan img hét voi dung dich AgNOs/NH dir thu duge 0,03 mol Ag. - Phan 2: Dun néng véi dung dich H)SO« loding dé thyc hign phan tg thiy phan hoan toan. Hén hop. sau phan (mg duge trung hoa béi NaOH sau dé cho ton bé sin phdm thu duge tac dung hét véi dung. dich AgNOs/NH; du thu duge 0,11 mol Ag. Gié tri m; va m; lin ht Ia A, 10,26 va 8,1 B.5,13 va8,1 C. 10,26 va 4,05. D. 5,13 vi4,05. Huéng Din + Phan 1: Mantozo > 2Ag (1) = Mua = 4032 = 0,015(mO1) + Phan 2; (Cell005)q + NEO — > nCekh205 (2) ChpH2O1 + HO— > 2CeHi20s 3) CaHi205 > 2Ag (4) Theo (4) > rego, = 90112 = 0,085(m01) Theo (2) vB) > ex ,exe = Man by = 0,025(mel) = m, = 2.342.0,015 = 10,26(gam)im, = 2.162,0,025 = => Dip in A . a Bii 16: Chia hén hop X gém glucozo va mantozo thinh hai phin bing nhau: - Phin 1: Héa tan hoan toan vao nude roi lay dung dich cho téc dung véi AgNO3/NH; du duge 0,02 mol Ag. - Phan 2: Dun néng véi dung dich H2SO. lodng, Hén hgp sau phan img duge trung hoa boi NaOH sau 446 cho toan b6 san phim thu durge tic dung hét v6i dung dich AgNOs/NHs dur thu durge 0,03 mol Ag. $6 mol cia glucozo vi mantozo trong X lin hugt li = 0,055 ~ 0,015.2 = 0,025(mo1) gam) A. 0,01 va 0,01 B. 0,005 va 0,008. C. 0,0075 va 0,0025. D. 0,0035 va 0,0035. . Huwéng Din ~ Phan 1 Dit s6 mol cdc chat trong 1/2X la CsH120s : x(mol) ; Cy2H220); : y(mol) Glucozo > 2Ag (1) Mantozo + 2Ag (2) Theo (1), (2) > x+y =0,02:2=3 r+ y= 0,010) ~ Phan 2; Mantozo + HO > 2CeHi206 (3) Celi > 2Ag 4) ‘Theo (4) > neyo, = 0.03:2 = 0,015¢mo) 3 1429 = 0,015U) ‘Té hop (1) va (I) > x= » = 0,005(mol) 86 mol cae chit trong X 1a Glucozo : 0,01(mol); Mantozo : 0,01(mol) 24 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book ciuyer cia sacr = Dip an A Baj 17.(KB-2011): Thuy phan hén hop gém 0,02 mol saccarozo va 0,01 mol mantozo mét théi gian thu duge dung dich X (higu sudt phan img thiy phan mdi chat du 1a 75%). Khi cho toin b6 X tée dung ‘v6i m@t Iugng dur dung dich AgNOs trong NH thi Ivong Ag thu duge 1a A. 0,090 mol. B. 0,12 mol. C..0,095 mol. D. 0,06 mol. Hwéng Dan Saccaroz0 + HgO 2» 2C4Hi206 (1) Mantozo + H20 —"-+ 2Cs1120s (2) X gOM neyo, = 240,02 + 0,01).0,75 = 0,045(mo1) ; Saccaroz04, : 0,02.0,25 = 0,005(mol); ‘mantoz0ge : 0,01.0,25 = 0,0025(mol) Celli20¢ > 2Ag (3) Mantozo + 2g (4) Theo (3), (4) = my, = 2.(0,045 + 0,0025) = 0,095(mo!) = Dip an C . Bai 18.(KB-2012); Thiy phan hdn hgp gdm 0,01 mol saccarozo va 0,02 mol mantoze trong méi truimg axit, véi higu suat déu 1a 60% theo mdi chat, thu duge dung dich X. Trung hoa dung dich X, thu duge dung dich Y, sau d6 cho toan b6 Y téc dung véi Iugng du dung dich AgNO trong NH, thu duge m gam Ag, Gié tri ciia m la A. 6,480. B. 9,504 C.8,208. D.7,776, ‘Hwéng Dan Saccarozo + H,0 — + 2C¢Hi20s (1) Mantozo + HO —*+ 2CsH)20s (2) X gdm n,,,,o, = 2{0,02 + 9,01).0,6 = 0,036(mot) ; Saccarozouy : 0,01.0,4 = 0,004(mol); ‘mantozoax :0,02.0,4 = 0,008(mol) Cali20¢ > 2Ag (3) Mantozo + 2Ag (4) Theo (3), 4) = 1, = Dip dn B Dang 3: Tong hgp cc chat tir cacbohidrat L. Co sli thuyét va mét sé lu ¥ * Surtgo thanb tinh bot trong dy xanh 6nCO; + SnHO 2+ (CeHioOs), + 6n0r * Digu ché glucozo tir tinh bét, xenlulozo (CollioO3)y + nO —+ nC 120 + Phan tng lén men: Men rugu (0,036 + 0,008) = 0,088(mol) = m =108.0,088 = 9,504(gam) + CaHi20¢ (glucozo). ————* 2C:H;OH + 202 ‘Men lactic + CoHi2s (ghucozo) ____ 2CHsCH(OH)COOH (Axit lactic) = Téng hgp xenlulozo trinitrat; xenlulozo diaxxetat vi xenlulozo triaxetat + [C,#,0,(0H1),},+ 3nHNO, 2%" 416,41,0,(0NO,)], 43H 0 + [C,11,0,(0H), + 2n(CH1 ,C0),0—""-(C,1,0,(0H (OOCCH,),), +2nCH COOH + {C,11,0,(011),), +3 CH,CO),0 —""41,11,0,(00CCH,),},+ nCH,COOM = Dé don gian cho viée tinh todn, nén: . * Sir dung so dé phan img thay cho viée viet phuong trinh héa hoc. 25 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book ciyen cia sich twyen ni * Trong qua trinh tinh todn, hé s6 polime héa sé trig tiéu, vi vay dé dom gin cho vige tinh toan, nén chon hé s6 polime héa n= 1 1. Bai tip . Bai 1: Cho xenlulozo phan tmg véi anhidrit axetic (xt, 1") thu duoc 12,0 gam hén hop X (g6m xenlulozo triaxetat, xenlulozo diaxetat va 4,2 gam CHsCOOH). Thanh phan phan trim theo khéi lugng ciia xenlulozo triaxetat e6 trong X 1d ‘A. 45,26% B.39,87%. €.24,0%. D.41,0% Huéng Din [C,,0,(0H),), + 2n(CH CO),0 —" + (C,H ,0,(0H WOOCCH,),], + 2nCH COOH x 2x ‘mol {6,H,0,(01),}, +4n(CHC0),0 —2-9{C,1,0,(00CCH,),), 3nCH COOH y By ‘mol = 2x ¢3y = 4,2:60 > Ix43y = 0,071) 3 24604268) 7,800) Té hop (I) va (I) = x = 0,02(mol); y = 0,01(mol) 288.0.01 2 %IMxenivlozotriaxcat 100 = 24,00% = Dip inC Bai 2(CD-08): Tir 16,20 tin xenlulozo ngudi ta sin xudt duge m tin xenlulozo trinitrat (biét higu sudt phan img tinh theo xenlulozo li 90%). Gi trj etia m 1a A.26,73 B. 33,00. €.25,46. D.29,70. Huéng Din 1¢,,0,(0H),), + 3nttN0, —"22"[C,11,0,(0NO,),), +30 0 16,2 ” 297.0,9 = 26,73(gam) 162 = Bap an A. Bai 3(KB-08): Thé tich dung dich HNO 67,5% (khdi lrgng riéng 14 1,5g/ml) can ding dé tac dung véi xenlulozo tao thanh 89,1 kg xenlulozo trinitrat la (biét lugng HNOs bi hao hut la 20%) ASS it. BBL iit €. 49 lit D. 70 it. Huéng Dan [€,,0,(01),}, 4 3n1NO, —"2"_4[C,11 0,(ONO,)y], + 3n11 0 59,1, 100 3 Mayo, = EE = 1,1 25k) 29780 63.1.125.100 St = 10UH8) OTSA = Dip in D Bai 4(KA-07): Cho m gam tinh bét 1én men thanh ancol (rrgu) etylie véi higu sudt 81%. Toan b6 Iugng, CO, sinh ra duge hap thy hoa toan voa dung dich Ca(OH)s, thu duge 550 gam két tua va dung dich X. ‘Dun Ki dung dich X thu thém duge 100 gam két tha. Gia tri ea m li A550. B.810, C650. D.750. Huwéng Din (CeHiOs)q + nO —4 > nCsHy20¢ (1) Calli205 ——+ 2C:Hs0H + 2CO; (2) Cz + Ca(OH)2 ——+ CaCO;4 + H20 3) 2CO» + Ca(OH)» ——> Ca(l1CO3)2 (4) 26 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book cinyen cia sich wen Ca(HCO,), —-» Caco, + +0, t +H,0 (5) Negeoyes) 7 100 £100 = Lm O1):eyc9,0) = 5502100 = §,S(mol) THB), A), B) > mojo 12+SS = 7.5(m 01) Moog = TSmal) 18 ‘Theo (1), (2) = manage = 22162 we 750(gam) = Dép én D inh bt duzgc tgo think trong edy xanh nhi qué trinh quang hop tir CO va hoi muse. COz chim 0,03% thé tich khdng khi. Muén e6 40,5 gam tinh bot thi thé tich khng khi (dkte) cn ding dé cung cp Iugng CO; cho phan tmg quang hgp 1 ‘A. 112.000 lit. B. 56.000 lit. C. 11.200 lit. D. 33,6 It. Huéng Din 6nCO3 + SHO ——> (CeH 00s), + 6nO» 3 hep, = 625-1, 5(mo!) 162 => Ving tas = 1,5.22,4.2" «11200000 0,03 = Pip an A ces . Bai 6: Khéi hrgng glucozo cin dé digu ché 0,138 lit ancol etylic (D-0,8 g/ml), véi higu sudt 80% 1a ‘A. 270 gam. B. 216 gam. C. 1728 gam. D. 180 gam. Huwéng Din 0,138.0,8.1000 45 CsHi06 —+ 2C,HsOH + 2CO; (1) 24g, 100 180." ~ 270(gam) 80 Nevaon 4(mol) > Dap fn Bai 7: Ngudi ta diéu ché ancol etylic bling phuong phap lén men glucozo, thu duge 90ml rugu etylic 34,5° (Diet Dy oy = 9.82 / mi) va V lit khi COz (dtc). Gia thiét ring higu suat qua trinh lén men dat 100%. Gia tri eda Va AL15,12. B. 12,096. €. 6,048. D.7,56. Huéng Din 34,5.90.0.8 Mesgson = OS = 0, s4¢mo) “ 100.46 Cdlli204 ——+ 20,HsOH +2CO, > hoo, = 0-54(mol) > ¥ = 0,54.22,4 = 12, 096(1i0) = Bap an B Baj 8: Cho 360 gam glucozo lén men thanh ancol etylic va cho toan bg khi CO> sinh ra hap thy vao dung dich NaOH dv dge 318 gam mudi. Higu suat phan tng lén men la A.50%, B. 625%, C.75%. D.80%, Hwéng Din CHi206 ——> 2C]HsOH + 2CO (1) CO) + 2NaOH ——+ NaxCOs + H,0 (2) 318 Theo (2) > Meo, = Manco, = Hol) 27 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book cin cia sich tuyen mi 360 = Dap anC Bai 9: Lén men m gam glucozo véi higu sudt 70%, hap thy toan bé sn pham khi thodt ra bing 2 lit dung dich NaOH 0,5M (D = 1,05 g/ml) thu duge dung dich chia hai mudi véi tong néng 46 la 3,21%. Gid tri ca m li ALO7S. B. 47,25. ©1350. D. 96,43 Huéng Din CeHinO6 —> 2GHsOH +20, (1) CO; + 2NaOH —— NaxCOs +H,0 (2) (Oz + NaOH —— NaHCO, @) son = 2-0-5 = \imol) ; Maugecsh Naon = 1,05.2.1000 = 2100 (gam) Dit s6 mol cdc mudi Lin agt la NayCOs : x(mol); NaHHCOs : y(mol) 3 trey =) ‘Maung dich saw = 2100 + 44.6 + y) 106.04 84.y > EEE 100 3,21 32584 + 2573y = 210011) 21004 44.00 9) Té hop (), (I) = 25(mol); » = 0,5(mol) hep, = 0,25 +0,5 = 0,75(mo!) 0.75 100 om a 59 = 96,43(20m) 2 70 = Dap an D . BAi 10: Cho 9,0 kg glucozo chita 15% tap chit, lén men thanh ancol etylic. Trong qua trinh ché bién, rugu bi hao hut 10%. Khoi lugng ngu etylic thu durge 18 A. 2,165kg, B.4301kg, C.3,910kg, D.3,519kg. Huéng Din oss => - 0,0425(mo1) 180 100 CeHiO, ——+ 2C;HsOH +2CO; 30 = Menon ~ 800428.2. 46 = 3,519(R8) ’ 100 = Dép an D Bai 11: Nguoi ta len men. gao chita 75% tinh bét, thu duge 5 lit rugu etylic 46°, Biét higu suat qué tinh 1én men dat 80% va khdi Iugng riéng cia ancol etylic nguyén chat 1a 0,8 g/ml. Gia tri ciia m la ASA. B. 4,05. €.3,456, D.3.24. Huwéng Din (CsHi003)n —— CsHi20s ——> 2C:H50H (1) 5.46.0,8.1000 46.100) = 40(m0) 80g, 100, 100 Theo so dé (1) => m 62 ag 7 8400 Bam) = 5.4) = Dip an A Bai 12: Xenlulozo trinitrat la chat dé chay va né manh, duge diéu ché tir xenlulozo va axit nitric, Thé tich axit nitric 67,5% 6 khéi lugng riéng 1,4 g/ml t6i thiéu can ding 4 sn xuat 53,46 kg xenlulozo trinitrat vv6i higu sudt dat 90% 1a 28 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book ciuyer cia sacr A. 32,57 lt B. 40,0 lit C.13,12 lit D_ 33,85 it Huéng Din [6,1,0,(011)), + nt1WO, 2224 51C,11,0,(0NO,),), +3nl1,0 Teele tnt = 53,46 : 297 = 0,18(kmo!) 5.3.63.100. =r = sou) 90.67.54 = Dap anB Bai 13: Khi CO, chiém 0,03% thé tich khOng khi. Mudn cé dui lngng CO, cho phan tmg quang hop véi higu sudt phan img dat 100% dé tgo ra 8,1 gam tinh bét thi thé tich khdng khi tdi thigu cdn ding 6 dkte 1 ‘A 22.400 lit B. 3.733 lit. ©. 2.2401it D. 6,72 lit. Hwéng Din 6nCOp + SHHZO ——+ (CoHHioOs)p + 60> (1) ‘ean var = 8,1 : 162 = 0,05(mol) = np, = 0,05.6 = 0,3¢me!) 100 =H, = 0.3.2.4. = a2400cH10 0,03 = Dip in A Bai 14.(CD-2011)Cau 32: Lén men dung dich chita 300 gam glucoza thu duge 92 gam ancol etylic. Higu suit qué trinh lén men tgo thanh ancol etylic 1a A.54%, B. 40%. C.80%, D..60%, Huréng Din epon 792146 = 2m ol) CéHiOs —— 2C:HsOH +2CO; Lise aS 100 300 = Dap in D. oH 0% Bai 15.(KA-2011)Cau 28: Xenlulozo trinitrat duge diéu ché tir phan img gitta axit nitric véi xenluloze (bigu sudt phan (mg 60% tinh theo xenlulozo). Néu ding 2 tin xenlulozo thi KhOi Ineng xenluloze trinitrat diéu ché duge li A. 2,20 tan, B. 1,10 tan, C. 2,97 tan, D. 3,67 tan, Huéng Din {s10,11,0,(0NO,),}, +3n11,0 [C,1,0,(011),}, + 3n1NO, 60 4 ° p97 2,2 (tén) 162 100 = Maelo ita = Bap in A, Bai 16.(KA-2011)Cau 48: Ancol etylic duge diéu ché tir tinh bét bing phuong phap lén men véi higu suit toan b6 qua trinh 1a 90%. Hap thy todn b6 Inong CO> sinh ra khi lén men m gam tinh bt vao nude ‘v6i trong, thu duge 330 gam két tua va dung dich X. Biét khéi lugng X gidm di so véi khéi Iuong nude voi trong ban dau Ta 132 gam. Gia tr} eta m 1a A486. B. 297 C. 405 D.324, Huéng Din (CoH 003)p ——> CsHi205 —> 2C,HsOH +2002 C02 + Ca(OH)2 ——+ CaCOs¢ + H20 29 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc MegabookD) Mega book ciyen cia sich twyen ni 2CO2 + Ca(OH), ——> Ca(HCOs). 330-132 =198(gam) > mo, = 4,5(mo!) = Bap anc Bai 17.(CD-2012)Cau 7: Lén men 90 kg glucozo thu duge V Iit ancol etytic (D sudt cla qué trinh Ién men 1a 80%. Gid tri cua V 1a A. 46,0. BST. €..23,0. D.719. Huong Dan ,8 g/ml) voi higu Celi205 —— 2C:HsOH +2C0, = 90:180 = 0,5¢kmol) > Meron = 0:5.2.0,8 = 0,8 mo!) 6c) = Dip in A Bai 18.(KB-2012)Cau digu ché 53,46 kg xenlulozo trinitrat (higu suat 60%) can ding it nhat V lit axit nitric 94,5% (D = 1,5 g/ml) phan img véi xenlulozo du. Gid tri ciia V 1a A. 60, B. 24. C36, D. 40. Huéng Din 1¢,1,0,(011),), + 3n1NO, —"8%"510,11,0,(NO,),), +3011 ,0 33.46 , 100 = Myo, = t= 0,9¢mon) 297 60 0,9.63.100 oo = O10 oct) 945.15 = Dip in D C. BAI TAP AP DUNG CA 1: Cho 10 kg glucozo chira 10% tap chit, Ién men thinh ancol etylic. Trong qué trinh ché bién, ancol bj hao ht 5%. Khoi lugng ancol etylic thu duge bang bao mhigu A465 kg. B. 4,37 ke. C. 6,84 kg. D. 5,56 kg. Céu 2: Thuy phn hodn toan 3,42 gam saccaroze trong moi trrimg axit, thu durge dung dich X. Cho toan 6 dung dich X Pu hét véi dung dich AgNOw/NFs du, dun néng, thu duge m gam Ag. Gid tri cua m 1b A.21,60 B.2,16 C432 D. 43,20 (Cfiu 3: Cho cae dung dich sau: CHsCOOH, C;H4(OH)s, CsHs(OH);, Glucoze, Saccarozo, CzHsOH. Sé Iugng dung dich ed thé hod tan duge Cu(OH)2 li Ad B.S. C6. D.3. (Cu 4: Cho m gam hén hgp Glucozo va Fructozo Tée dung véi dung dich AgNOs/NHs du tgo ra 4 gam Ag. Ciing m g hén hgp nay Tac dung vira hét véi 8 gam Br2 trong dung dich. $6 mol glucozo va fructozo trong hn hgp nay Lin hugt ki ‘A.0,05 mol va 0,15 mol. B. 0,10 mol vi 0,15 mol. C.0,2 mol va 0,2 mol, D. 0,05 mol va 0,35 mol. 30 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc Megabooka Mega book ciyen cia sacr uyen ‘Cau 5: Khi cacbonic chiém ti 1é 0,03% thé tich khéng khi. Mudn tgo ra 500 gam tinh bét thi can bao nbiéu lit khéng khi (6 dktc) 48 cung cp di CO, cho Pu quang hop: A. 1382716 lit. B. 1382600 lit. C., 1402666,7 lit. D. 138276 lit. ‘Cau 6: Khdi lugng glucozo can dé diéu 1 lit rugu etylic 40° 1a m gam. Biét khéi hrgng riéng cila rugu etylics 18 0,8 gam/ ml va higu sudt phan tmg la 80%. Gid tri cua m la: ‘A 626,1 gam B. 503,3 gam C. 782,6 gam D. 937,6 gam ap an LB 2 3B 4a 5A 6 Céng Phé Ly Thuyét Héa Hoc Megabook aL