PROBLEM 1.1 Kwown: 100 lb ef Cor G at 22°F ut a 19.8-f4 cylinder Fim, Dedermune the parisuve Using (a) the van dir Coals egua tion, Ce) the Coupresciilrh chart, Ce) the fdeet gas meds APALTEE: Ucingtie qiandete ve oles 4%/(b 63) The ven deren equation f& given by Ep thh BIr-+ we From Table Ax 24E are atm (£2) ) bs ome £2, p> (S45 th doom = |. ae arm (Hite) So vaW Plat By eee “Towexaten 2" h) Compares bility Chart Fre Table AsIE) Te+S4B°R, Re 72date. That, Tes 72/5482 1-226 and vee = De, Romsey ey mmer Treated [sere gst Leg la icus Rte (ar BE C0) Then Fig. Act gives Fee O.6BS> Pr At44atm, GO) With the sdeal gas equatron of srt] ssh yneute)) 72.57.76 atm sachs Geum et) Mettede Co), (6) taggest thet in prertuse leval wouts be Safe, var at tte Wag end of fre allowed range. The idoad gar Mmodeg suggacte Hint Ha pacrure Woute not aa Sate fretry, MWPROBLEM 1.2 @ ksows: Ten Ib of C3Hs has a volume of 2S ond a. gressure. of G00 lbtiiy> Ep: Determine the temperature using (a) the Vander Weals equation) the Compress ibility chart (© the ideal gas equation of state, aud Cd) te Progane tables. ANALYSIS: p =(vo0 HE) i Co a {2 4) 44 4iuae Neti 40-83 bm, = OE | 11 YWith a and b from Table A-24E, the Vander Waals Equation gives (pe V9) (7~b) fee Vereen) 4? \omol Wb “Ss Comparugtine ent eatetid vation worth the Shinin TH Aagut Disueston’ conparersbilihy chet 4 B% Wig Redick - Kum equatin ~ h%o Mighe va be wanls Aquation 4Me wR Ldaet ge we Ug Ie&Prosism Il.'7 EROWN: A versel whore vetome dG fmt contaras Semel of Cy af (00%, Eup: Estimate fun Pussure Using (a) Pre dent gos evetety Co) toe Redlsch— ewnng epuation, Ce) the Renedéct- Webb- Retin ey uahim, AwersiS$ (a) Tdaat Geo Modst = 314 Bm 72K). BT, Gate Mm, (278K) soar Gm /4emot) Pe | = 12 f0¢bar oS Ge) Rade tewong. Witr dat fran Tebts An 2H s id ar eae - Ga BS YG) | tear 32. by T-6 Vr) — ©. asco mgeryet, [lM 0.25 (0.2640-02465)(373) > 2 140-74 UETES CMe bar gH &) @) Benedict. Wwerh- Rabin. Witr date frm Toh A -24 Sj go (2 ay. B82 SUR eee GC 2 5 (0-083 ber-#)(373K) = k879G— B27 KIO 2 p> 6 ear _ [@-o4eee)(o-08874)(878) - | ee dey 0.as wi/omed 4) (0-083/4)(373) — 2-050) @.oseiu 2aexo + fecsorse oe easy 4 f @aTT¥0) (14 0.0080 = oeeee (SSSR C+ eee) ee (> SE) ro) go 40:08 + IB = UT 1B bar ———— = 184.09 -S7 + 3 Diswesion The Redick -lewong and Benedict-Uebb— Rain 24 vafrons aaqyest thed tie pusiare Go the fafa cange. Using Pe ond Te Geom THAI SS 2254 | Tee pike as parece) Rawe Az giver Zv0-86, and 2° P= 2 ET/p = GteKiev-o¥) ber = ai bar, orn otge uit Safe range faz WeePRogiem 11-8 Jorn? tent anteins CHq at (00 atm and = 18°C. ca) Heer dane mown A Fie; Detmnn the wets Contnined GE te temic oe Get tet, Co) The ven dee mals Cp om bm, fe Benednet- wabe= Rubra eq vation, (a) Tat Gay Mercta z 14 tam TV 24 e314 aC STK) Dp. GIs ae = Po Ceatin roma FerAR | Tan. Wirth daty Gra Tote d= 24 7-2 jovsurye7 £2 = G2 Ee ETC) aaa T pros Rle® aa we Geons)(S2,) = Using an equstin solver, T= 0.14 mil emo! am ws WH, Gore 4). N4s.7 kg <-———______- &) a Olt Benedret « Webl- Rubin equation usta dah fran Tete d= 24 «) @.297)\i04 08314) (ass) * fesee onsie)ass)- Lame~ “Ee Jonses bar = ¥ ve sotze)(o-ors4jiess)~0.0sel] , G.oser) nage") & a ve 2 ©. 0060! A 0.0060 (2 pee] J 20.149 md] Riek 107 *5 a —_______ “] \sing an equation Solver, o mus Yh. we Wee), + A. Rg AR pete Zw O72 tty teen ts wa HEE Ons voMlewet ou ee 1009-3kS [ow t. Des Kye Analy witn tte recut pact ee), ° ngPROBLEM 11.4 KMowN: [oS kg of CHe u at 2004tm, 00K. ED: Using Te Benedict Webb- Rubin epuath ar detirnuns fee “Oluse we Compers turite tot nag urti ob ined Fron tee chants oo Weitet mat Has Compespre hil hy Chant: AVALTEE: WHA the ideal gas eguahon of state Fe EDs Got Sy ook) = Otet et en crs ra feet Thess, _ Vem Zs (ure (owatlent). pean? saestans ~ Geot esfemet) With Tey Pe frm “Table Ac, Te > 4007 giver Ze 0.98. Trust 2.0%) Pas 200/45.8: 437. Then, Rig vs ZETL. cae (oles): Over we g 7 & Ve BZ 2 Ges owe). cen? ie Compretinbitity chee t Cita) WER conthantt from Table ATY and Be 6.08a1¢ bar. ot/imel te, 6p. 1 Bives WER pe Good iones)s tors bar ET Rr-a-S7a4 & H. [sir ese exp(-&, lB) rores = Ces 40) [lo.04260 (0-083 2400) - 1.8796 - rnezeie" ) det “1 (o.00338) (0083) (40) 0-01 ] 4 (o.osoiNL2e¥Kro™) [iesenamnerenn J + es a . 2 asrnte? (1 4 0.0060 ) exp(- 0.0060 FEES (1+ apse) exe ogee) pores: 3228 _ 04056 4 20023 oe ve ¥ Using an equation solver, V= Ole wilenet, Giving V> I-ebws 3 8 g—_BweR ervatim Dicwseron $ The B-W-R equetin and Compass, bifih Chant vale aque , Steen 2V 0.98 , He sdaet gar Veen gives fo twat teeth Sep ex i atti wedPROBLEM H1.10 KNown: A rigid tone contains | Rg of Og at px 40bar, 7, =1GOK. The gat is cooled to final ctate Where The ISOK- EID: Dettrmine the tank Volume and pz Uting (a) the (eal gas epustion, GO) tre Redlceh-kueng equation) Ce) the Compresibitity chart. SCHEMATIC 2 gWEN DATA: fs 40 ber, Ti 180K Treis0k ASSUMPTION: Ad Cheun in the accompanying figure, He Ott taken asthe tyCem, AWALTSIS! (a) Theol Gag, The ddeal gar equahion of state gives ye RTS Cesta ita EE wok). 5 84gxidS wt os P (aowe? Bim%) Since Vict content eee > BoB my ne ep = 18g ctobar) = 33,39 bar Ge) Redlich: Kueng, WHA Valuer for a and b from Table A-zq and Re ooesly eran pe BR ee a toner « Roast Sa Kise _ y-e Tey” Gy = aearaT) emt Simplifyin = Ldtest - 283s ___ mpttging 40s Gren WGeaans) Gu Since Bo is implicut m Vi, an Cherative Solution is wived if the result is pursued ucing hand calcutations, Alternativoly , an e4uaten-solver suchas IT com be wed. the vesult is W=0.3015 we Emol. Thus Vemy, = SRY 5 20.3015) 29.422 x10? mop —_o) To tind p, write ,usihg Uev, (0.08314)050) _ 22 (0.3015— 0.02107) (0.3015)(2015+.029 NGO) a =b ~ VCE DG = >Re = 30.2 bar ©) Compresti bility Chart. Witu Te ond R (rem TableArl ede (BSE NG, ER)ys 4/ sure TaD Then Aig Act gives (Ve 22. Thus we OK) (REV on Ge BeFEY ME) T- ee x10" ad oe ‘Sos wio® Mme Aecardingly) Vt mr 2.666 x10 Fy? ee. se) To find py use Vana? Ves and Tart 150/154 = 0,97 40 locate slate z ow Fig Al, Qiving Fp, % 0.6. Accordingly p> pe Pea =(S0.S)(0,6)= 30.3 bar. U-ioPROBLEM H.II kaowan: One tb of ac iwihially at Viz 0.46? and tooo ME expands isotrermally uu Vis 24% EusR: Usiig the Yan der Waals equation of state determine a T, (b) pas aud Ce) the worl ‘ScHEMeTIC $ GIVEN DATA: 3: U1) The closed system Gonsste ‘of IIb of air, (2) the expansion tobes place without ivreversibil ities. (@) the air is modeled A by oe Vou der Woals io "S ; @es. 2 1 et woawe (ata aut Hlbs a)? uses £, Ue Say = 5794 BE 2(1000 Whhia® Lal | : R= (10° i) ty 68.05 ain (ay With constants from Table -24€ ond B2073 heft ek, (1.508 - 0. 586) #7/Ibmot T€ z Mat ae (oa3 Ste staf) [+8.05 ame = 1064.3, fa rs (b) Stace TT, RT _ & _ @73)c1eb43) 345 Sis ~ 343 = 68.05 abw ™ CS88-0580) 1.588? . P22 (8.05 atm) [ast eda | = 1000 WE tit z Ce) The work cam be evaluctet from w {pave nf [2E- Alay 7 [eran (Fb) +a (&- 4) ‘ W (jase Bits) 1064.3°2) | p, (ERM =DEBE nw (. mal Fe) 3%) aun Uses - a5) abt? lets. ede tog line 144 | + G45 Sr) Lerman aesel| Ne us| ark abel a 23425.2 Blultomol or a 2 eo (387 Tyra) 5.2, Be) w (o4ns.2 B= 18.2 ote — WelPROBLEM 1,12, KNOWN: Water vepor expands 240°C, |MPa TS On) MPa, & tncated virial equation of ctate re specified Euns Dekrmme the Werk Isothermelly and withent svreversibili Bee from Schematic # GIVEN DATA! 40% A fetes 1m Pa Ze lh yt ye ie i [3 pont ASSUMPTIONS: LU) The Water sapor se the cloted systeun (2) The Process * Hothermal With He irreverssbilehet. @) Velome change ie the only work weds (4) The p-v-T relafion Sc gwen by tre trencated vial tevrer above, t The werk vr guen by Srpav +845 > pr aT(drhe Ss) | we wfey (a) Steel] @ vas 2758 mw 2e5 whase fro Toble aa, Vis ovzz7e wiles, us The Geffirents B,C cen beamluctd using stam fable dam by voting . « HU Be CCM Zee Bes ay Give Beet) and slope, rexpehvely poh put of GI Ds, 8 nde wre tue intercept stenes toads date és we (ie), ‘The pot come A Hate procedunt Uting Be - host wiles, C= -has it mtleg as ean he Versbed by using Tg. (1) te CMeCK stenmn Table pressure Values at 240%. Caleolas 5 w. (BA S Yorn) | o()+ se aie] * 25 [aiav “Gav a Fr = $45.6 kT kg 1 The use of apprepriste compelar software frelittes thus ctepe Ainratively, table date com be plotied by Wand ) and toe Volum uy Bland © detynund aap ent HerPROBLEM 11.13 The compressibility factor Z can be axprested in the forms nwow! Zztt BM pe Torphs BET) ple zeit WO, OD, DO. Gas vt S a (29 Fine: Shaw that Bs Bar, Ss ©- Bt) Ee AUALYSISS With Ze PI/RT, £4. 3:30 gives 2 Et + U1B+ ngs Gy Taseesing tats te G4 847 ze t+ il bm, ate. eL. .. Je on hl Skibo ecRUae ac e Ve ene ia 8 or higher Comparing ther with 64: 330 Beaat > Be BIRT ee ane Bate + ECR = cor) - (BRB + ces cer) . . ata CRTs CCD aay SHEET) = COLT) : + BAT I, Ts procedure can ee contine ° E P WAed S etiam €yprenvons far Oat Wegher term, PROBLEM HI KNOWN! The Van der Waals equation expressed in terms of Z ia ze _ 27s ve- 18” Tevee (0) as avyrial terser in Pe. (©) Deopeeng EIND! Express this (a) aso virial server im YRY Ex prees the la) as rite Se pacecely cobain am approximate formy and (d) cthe term '/Ci=M0) can be writen af Compnig ot fe date fron Awaursis: la) ee eee Genie) > ve * a@e** ove? * Aeserting's aoa hye ee Te 22 Bs we [at cout’ ron Teva ss tee Tiss ce the denwed form! . cago Ct 20687". 2 Te @ => é wie te ET] ee C2 The serves cvtrined cc part G6) hac the forme Zz i+ B ryese COgQtere bee Terms im Cad CV + Dropping fevms wrvotvins (Pe), and bagher Zete 8 Pe 27/64 — ea hee a (3) Calentaeing Comparer mlity factors fram tu asoult 4) port @) ond ale tng Fhem wrt Velase ob tacued From toa © leterehwre ) Pe Abate oY velit, Carlee detrnuned. This Procedure wo miicatud vg tre following sketeht Reataef validly te (See, Fv example, RC. Rerd and TK, Sherusoed, The Proper Het Ligucds ; Ind ed-) MeGraw-INIL) NewYork ) (960, pp. SBF- 595. wy Gases aadPROBLEM WS KNOWN: The Serthelot equation of state has the forme RT _ ew Po sre re Find: ca) Using Eqs. 3 peveluele cand b in terms of Te and me, Co) Expres tne equation in terms of Z) Te, and YA AM ALY: Ca) Differentrahng Gt “Ea AL te corte cat pent: Qp/m)ee os Thee 2%. ue co wy RE ° 0) Gees 7 Digfevenba rng Be): 428T te Gee 38s te At the cevhieal port: Qtp/aat)y =e. Thee BE ee 2g yp ARTEH~ 6a Ve) !2 O @) Gay Rt Mt tee certreal pont: Te eer ts) Combining C1) and (2), bs Fe/Z, Tater tray 4uce inte EGC) ARR Ware (eB) so as SFM N/E Tneetng the expression: for a and & inte 64:0), Ceves¥te) = 3/8 , or ver BBE. Beatty az a8 3eE] Zee 26s SE =—___ and she above expressions for a and b Cha ERA) aTey (6) with Ze eR —_____ ) MSPROBLEM 11-16 KNOWN: The Beste —Bridyenen px AtUuentves) - equation of thte can be expressed as FIvD: Express the equation in terms of Phy Te, Ve" and dimensionless constants, Avauysis: RTwTe Ct- EVE RTe/A + 8) wee RTE Pee os aia) + Define the fellowsing Linens Wit Te TRTe) Pa Pe) and v= VRRT/A), tHe epvation becomes A OF RRTA —_ ve Gere) ) ! © ene CRTAAN TED nies quenbies erste oA Tren Upon cupisfreation tne equation ef chete becomes RCE He) OB) % (RA Oe Jarene “ seca} ee) al Fee Ge ~~ Ger Vice ce the tequired cerult. PROBLEM 1.17 Keown: The Dieterrer ps (BE) eve (FH) EINDE WEveiuate Band aoe equation of state Is fa Meme of Te and Pe vimg Eye. 163, Co) Express of Z, Tey and Var, Ce) Convert tue renttet port the equation fal senses vn Val, Qyinte & AwALTSIS! (@) De fiferentwatrng Huiee with aropeet te vy we get ~ eee E)erba) = Erle) + amy or Oe > Gays B85 vrel- Be) - ae 1 CB a@v-r2b) -~* ce ple =) 2) Gee) cred) + Seay) Pe nwPRoBLEM 111% CContd) Write Qp/av)q =O at tee cot real point, 4.4) aie os — Rte @) Get) ith OMarr)qa20 at the cer meet pornt, En O79 ree op | 2RTe ow) Gov Inserting G4.) inte 64. C4) and simplifying, > Ve /2. Thu, a5 20 Ye, Mthe crihul pont, the «ruahen of state fends ae ae ete - aRkre mee Ee Ce) GE Hove! ee) Upen aeduction, vez 2RT/Redy giving ante b> RT. ter 7 fer fe) With the given equahen dg stete ) ths Aroutt of parte), and Ts TRTe, VEVERT/Pe We Jet eee ae Some 4] Ths z , 48 Zo + wiele eve (- GeSuEOM) (weet /a ere ney . Zs a te) Re ee) cemented wa Lh bee Ae verte: * eet * ete? The exponent drm cor alto be wri Hen as a Series. Collecting resultt ond reduced te fead eS Afi & ey ok) Zele a Tal Re fazPROBLEM 11.18 KMOWN: The Peng. Rebinton equahen of State it Specs fred. ED! Evatrate te constants ay by € in Heme of Me, Tey Ze, vimy Epsth3 MeaLrsis: Evaluahns the Peng ~Robuven eqguahen g Sinte at tae cvcheal Pome and sms fy ud gives 4m follourny three enpresvens g= 8k © “Re | tae 1 6 eS ee OE ART _aa(ven et) — are" @) oe wee)? Solvmy thera expressions sine Unneevilge a= BER = BV Ke 4 ® RT a, bs Be“ REE = ve (3~ 2] © L d+ ete -ay= CL 8z-3] w O5 can Be verified hy subs Khe hen ante Ege CH2-(2) and reduction of the Anathny exparsivens (AS) Asauce to 7 ote whe 23a, En ho Bote tht a Ze 23/8 peace Eye. (lita, #8) yarspectively, The eguaten of Sit Vander Waals eq uatron HgPROBLEM 11.14 KWON: The Carnhan~ Storing ~DeSawhs eqvaheon of State Is Provided fogether with Values af the conctnate in the epuah'en for the cases q Refrigerant 12 and 3 IND: — Speesfy winch of the tuo refrigerants would atlour phe = id J Sieattor anuunt a mars to be stored ai « lo-m? yersel at O.2MPa, $0°C. Deternune tha Wands s. ANALYSIS: For thecare «f Rit, using the values of the Conctantl provided , be (ouss7e) + E/ Barer niet W853) + (5.086 4x15) (253) 2 F.2d ewe Ls Gated woh we de (2.5241r x0!) exp (C2 2mm 5138) 4% eri exe (202) 2 m7e DL sp 27a not . ea (emet) Ta sechng Valuer ato the tyunhen ef state Coand Mme) T _ Ie Ste -67 _ Ga 6) ay whe Rrersesne/az, Using on aquchm silver, ve et with Mz 120.92 fer RIT, OI 7s WLS © Ter verrets within 1% of the voles obtoined from tis (Mvetiinn t wiley. : Simtlly, fre PIB 20 tee Same shh, veo (341 weg, Thee, A ett eS ae Ry cen oe Stored: 3 m> Ve (Oe 2 F169 eg +. 7 O-tsal ley 1 For Cwampte » RIL and RIB date Can be obtuned from 6 Borgnakke and RE. Sommbag Therrnedgnanate and Transport Properhies, Wiley, NewYork , 199%, Tables Bul2, 6.13, W4PROBLEM 11.20 Kwown: Two expressions for dp in terme of Vv andt are provided. Eid: Determine wueeh of the two expressrons it the differential an equation of tate! peplv,T) , and obra the Cpuah'on, AMALYSIS! Fortne frit of tne fe equetront, let 2 Ms aut), N= Quod et ere Tq Hut ie the dafferental Of an equation Hf thete, he dart for exactuers weet be rawt fred OM /at)y = BM /ay)T - Checking 2m) 2-2-8) N) = 26r-0) S32 HR SR As these are unequal the firtt euprestion given caumat be the d+ Hereubel Ciuehen of tfate For tue setndef the hus equah'ont, at Me -8T ) Nek oat ve Pooling the bert for anactrests @M/at)y =— Rr, @M/av)7= —R/e-we As there are equal , a fonction paplty) exists for vbich the tecond differenbal Grn is the exact dffarentral: Te ebtern the function , write “G82 = Comparing with the given different at forme BAe 8. GA Tnteyrating the second of thete p> So + Fu) Sa serking ute feral form endo the Brest gives Cain th = -Ehy op deo Fe constant, Mecordingly, the equshen ef tate has the fora: u-20PROBLEM 11.21 WWown: SQyps dur+ pave EMO: Use the queen ex prertvon tegetuer woth the tut for euacheers te dewensWalr that Gib ir net a praperty, ASSUMPTION: A simple compressible system of Fined muss (f under consideration, ABALTEIE: For a rim ple Compremiite tyseun of famed Mase, WET (VjT). The dofferenvel of thin Fs ue = MAT + nav yar (B),a¥ : cn ee ea in earner eee nee oan 21: 21 ey —s a Taserhng 4-0) inte tee given exprestion Sor SORT, fear: Gear + QD av + pov rr Ir = (at {Qx), Je" 9 TS Gy ico property the last expression weuld bran exact differential: Applying the ttt for enscters to 69-02) a @, >» @, 3191, we Quer = Qj: Re # (op @y,=@, > HE ABI Oy oma 35 69-€2) Using €9.(2) om thie sar indicated, the tert for exactness is satispred only when Qh, <0 However, referee G Fig. 1h shows thet tice expression 1 mot generat Sehified) T# can be cmetoded therefore that the tase Fer exacmert ic not sabe fied and Oxy cannot We a Property. The ute of the Symbo/ B with Gint is te igual this fact. — n-2]PROBLEM 11.22 Kenewn! An equation of rate has the form px [RT/cv-o]+ a Show thet Ey. tle 1s satisfied. Ege tte har tee forme GO, GG Beewnbyny prey vey) BET a then SS).* Gp @,: Gy a: GAy Using te equation ef state, QP/aye= -R TUB w Solviagy sbt 8D at) £ ) 2 ve a er 2 We 2 BN) 0 Sowing (sx) n is te (rrettvet) & a). w KR Fe al wie 12), Egle tater the fore (2063D,2),= CRANE) 7 Te, Efile ¢s satis fred, PROBLEM 11.23 emown! x2 ety Wp yry lew), Ze 200H) EMD: Show thet @.GH.GD. ! wae Forming dePrennals des (22) ty + @), & a fy Gpaee Ga) ew ®) a: Ge +) ey Raptecing dy i Gq. C1 with EGR), and then replacing dz fa the reruthing exprension by & 4-0): de: [Qe BL] +B," * Ge “BOB Bh] +e), @ LG EY] + [eenute), +), ]e = NRE + LONR).BE AEE» GE GE a= C9 eee LB DDH Sige Sane ore tntependenty ald conthant and vary x. That ts, duo and dx40, Mr Ge Cay OeLTae = GD, G2). Ga. HarPROBLEM 1.24 : sown GH), “Ge cuas) FID: Using G4 CAS) chece the eamsisteney of fa) the Siam tables RE aMPa, 400°C) Co) the RIB4a dabier a* Dear, FOC. © —AwaLYSIs: We select O greplice® approach here. ca) Using dat Fromm Tabhe An dh p20 MA qeteore om 7 3 : wityy om “ ome CR) ue aes oe eee a the hg tate a te) rere) 2 pas GA, o25ne? 28, From awe tae p plotjet 2MPe -; al oe ee 3), 2-0" Hage 20.044 sta) (oem TTuete values ore iaqoed ogrtement, ar required Pa EES: (e) Uting data frau Table AMZ bi 8 0.13 ia oe a} oui an oul0) ito} TC) pCbars) From ta vv T pler, ot SOT far) 4.45 x00* Hees @),2 +1 ‘ Ta acemstorsa woth bar eq tht the date Fanta Susp cut, eto % 7 - oe ea @) we desc gk pot ‘Op /7 23,