CMO Historical Data Annual

World Bank Commodity Price Data (The Pink Sheet)
annual prices, 1960 to present, nominal US dollars

(annual series are available in nominal and real dollars)
Updated on May 02, 2023
Coal, Coal, Natural Liquefied

Crude oil, Crude oil, Crude oil, Crude oil, Australian South Natural gas, natural gas, Natural gas Coffee, Coffee, Tea, avg 3 Tea, Tea, Tea, Coconut Groundnut Palm Soybean Soybean
average Brent Dubai WTI ** Afican ** gas, US Europe Japan index Cocoa Arabica Robusta auctions Colombo Kolkata Mombasa oil Groundnuts Fish meal oil Palm oil kernel oil Soybeans oil meal Barley Maize
($/bbl) ($/bbl) ($/bbl) ($/bbl) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mmbtu) ($/mmbtu) ($/mmbtu) (2010=100) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt)
1960 1.63 1.63 1.63 … … … 0.14 0.40 … … 0.59 0.92 0.70 1.03 0.93 1.12 1.04 312.33 … … 327.00 224.42 … 91.83 223.92 81.01 20.15 44.50
1961 1.57 1.57 1.57 … … … 0.15 0.40 … … 0.48 0.90 0.67 0.95 0.89 0.98 0.98 253.42 … … 330.25 228.42 … 109.33 287.33 96.91 20.75 44.96
1962 1.52 1.52 1.52 … … … 0.16 0.40 … … 0.46 0.83 0.68 0.97 0.86 1.10 0.95 251.22 … … 274.34 216.24 … 100.54 227.00 89.01 22.70 48.65
1963 1.50 1.50 1.50 … … … 0.16 0.39 … … 0.55 0.81 0.62 0.95 0.81 1.08 0.96 286.33 … … 268.50 222.39 … 110.09 223.58 91.02 23.98 53.77
1964 1.45 1.45 1.45 … … … 0.15 0.38 … … 0.51 1.01 0.79 0.93 0.82 1.04 0.92 296.48 … … 315.38 239.45 … 110.51 233.00 89.01 25.14 54.63
1965 1.42 1.42 1.42 … … … 0.16 0.41 … … 0.37 1.00 0.68 1.00 0.85 1.14 1.01 350.13 … … 323.92 272.52 … 116.87 270.00 97.03 24.34 55.67
1966 1.36 1.36 1.36 … … … 0.16 0.42 … … 0.52 0.93 0.74 0.87 0.76 0.95 0.91 323.71 … … 296.31 235.64 … 125.66 261.50 107.04 25.91 58.30
1967 1.33 1.33 1.33 … … … 0.16 0.46 … … 0.60 0.86 0.74 0.84 0.72 0.80 0.99 326.36 … … 282.95 223.45 … 114.73 216.83 98.89 26.25 54.10
1968 1.32 1.32 1.32 … … … 0.16 0.45 … … 0.72 0.87 0.75 0.75 0.68 0.73 0.84 399.27 … … 270.73 168.83 … 110.80 178.08 96.42 25.16 47.96
1969 1.27 1.27 1.27 … … … 0.17 0.45 … … 0.90 0.88 0.73 0.73 0.60 0.86 0.72 361.27 … … 331.53 181.11 … 106.75 197.17 94.67 25.57 52.29
1970 1.21 1.21 1.21 … 7.80 … 0.17 0.45 … … 0.68 1.15 0.91 0.84 0.63 0.99 0.89 397.18 … … 378.55 260.05 … 116.92 286.33 102.58 26.36 58.40
1971 1.69 1.69 1.69 … 8.68 … 0.18 0.50 … … 0.54 0.99 0.93 0.85 0.68 0.97 0.90 365.53 … … 440.62 260.94 … 125.58 303.75 102.25 28.38 58.40
1972 1.82 1.82 1.82 … 9.60 … 0.19 0.54 … … 0.64 1.11 1.00 0.78 0.70 0.84 0.81 234.06 … … 425.93 217.26 … 140.00 240.58 129.83 30.07 55.75
1973 2.81 2.81 2.81 … 11.48 … 0.21 0.69 … … 1.13 1.37 1.10 0.79 0.66 0.87 0.84 513.00 … … 546.17 377.54 … 290.33 436.00 301.67 51.03 97.82
1974 10.97 10.97 10.97 … 16.89 … 0.29 1.73 … … 1.56 1.45 1.29 1.09 0.89 1.25 1.14 997.58 … … 1076.89 669.05 … 276.92 832.17 184.33 64.93 131.23
1975 10.43 10.43 10.43 … 26.84 … 0.43 1.68 … … 1.25 1.44 1.35 1.14 0.88 1.45 1.10 393.50 … … 857.50 434.17 … 219.92 563.33 155.00 58.98 119.64
1976 11.63 11.63 11.63 … 27.16 … 0.58 1.74 … … 2.05 3.15 2.81 1.19 0.93 1.42 1.22 418.50 … … 712.83 406.53 … 231.17 438.33 200.00 55.79 112.37
1977 12.57 12.57 12.57 … 28.68 … 0.79 1.79 2.77 19.99 3.79 5.17 4.93 1.95 1.70 2.07 2.10 578.17 … … 852.75 530.03 … 280.17 580.25 229.83 47.89 95.35
1978 12.92 12.92 12.92 … 29.06 … 0.91 2.30 3.04 24.00 3.40 3.59 3.25 1.41 0.75 1.87 1.61 683.21 … … 1079.17 600.33 … 268.33 607.00 213.29 54.96 100.74
1979 30.96 32.11 29.82 … 30.89 … 1.18 3.26 3.69 32.33 3.29 3.83 3.65 1.51 0.78 2.10 1.63 984.50 … 394.88 888.67 653.83 … 297.75 662.18 243.03 65.25 115.52
1980 36.87 37.89 35.85 … 40.14 … 1.59 4.22 5.70 43.22 2.60 3.47 3.24 1.66 1.11 2.05 1.82 673.83 1236.58 504.43 858.75 583.69 … 296.23 597.61 262.42 78.23 125.26
1981 35.48 36.68 34.29 … 53.62 … 1.98 4.60 6.03 50.04 2.08 2.87 2.24 1.47 0.97 1.81 1.62 569.92 1257.42 467.48 1042.75 570.67 … 288.42 506.85 252.58 79.73 130.78
1982 32.65 33.42 31.76 32.77 54.77 … 2.47 4.45 6.05 55.19 1.74 3.09 2.42 1.54 1.14 1.85 1.64 464.42 827.50 352.92 584.92 445.08 … 244.60 447.25 218.53 63.71 109.26
1983 29.66 29.83 28.73 30.41 38.19 … 2.59 4.05 5.55 54.49 2.12 2.91 2.73 2.10 1.86 2.52 1.91 729.88 965.33 452.58 710.92 501.43 … 281.59 526.88 237.83 70.89 136.02
1984 28.56 28.80 27.49 29.38 30.96 32.87 2.66 3.76 5.24 53.66 2.40 3.19 3.04 2.74 2.50 2.91 2.81 1154.58 836.58 373.17 1016.67 728.83 … 282.08 724.00 197.17 78.72 135.94
1985 27.18 27.33 26.46 27.76 33.75 34.92 2.51 3.65 5.23 51.39 2.25 3.23 2.65 1.75 1.46 2.20 1.59 590.17 675.75 280.08 904.92 500.58 … 224.42 572.00 157.17 58.82 112.23
1986 14.35 14.77 13.20 15.08 31.13 30.37 1.94 3.65 4.10 43.63 2.07 4.29 3.24 1.66 1.11 2.16 1.71 296.50 993.58 320.58 569.42 257.00 … 208.42 342.42 184.75 47.56 87.56
1987 18.15 18.34 16.94 19.16 27.50 26.50 1.66 2.59 3.35 34.77 1.99 2.50 2.25 1.65 1.35 2.29 1.31 442.25 758.50 383.42 499.75 342.58 … 215.75 334.25 203.25 55.00 75.70
1988 14.72 14.97 13.22 15.97 34.88 28.10 1.68 2.36 3.34 33.90 1.58 3.03 2.08 1.58 1.36 2.01 1.36 564.83 935.75 544.42 590.33 437.17 … 303.50 463.42 267.50 70.33 106.89
1989 17.84 18.22 15.70 19.60 38.00 31.00 1.70 2.09 3.28 32.76 1.24 2.39 1.66 1.82 1.53 2.43 1.52 516.83 817.50 408.42 774.75 350.42 … 275.00 431.50 247.58 75.14 111.52
1990 22.88 23.68 20.46 24.49 39.67 32.88 1.70 2.82 3.64 36.50 1.27 1.97 1.18 2.06 1.88 2.81 1.49 336.50 1325.50 412.17 963.67 289.75 … 246.75 447.33 200.17 79.93 109.28
1991 19.37 20.07 16.56 21.48 39.67 31.50 1.49 3.11 3.99 35.56 1.20 1.87 1.07 1.67 1.43 2.16 1.43 433.00 1237.83 477.83 894.83 339.00 … 239.58 453.83 197.08 78.29 107.42
1992 19.02 19.31 17.19 20.56 38.56 28.83 1.77 2.56 3.60 36.11 1.10 1.41 0.94 1.60 1.44 1.69 1.68 577.58 799.13 481.50 609.92 393.50 … 235.50 428.92 204.42 78.68 104.25
1993 16.84 17.02 14.94 18.56 31.33 26.96 2.12 2.67 3.51 40.83 1.12 1.56 1.16 1.61 1.44 1.84 1.56 450.25 1092.15 364.75 739.08 377.75 … 255.08 480.42 208.17 71.38 102.09
1994 15.89 15.83 14.67 17.16 32.30 28.56 1.92 2.44 3.18 37.09 1.40 3.31 2.62 1.49 1.33 1.57 1.57 607.50 954.80 376.33 1022.75 528.42 … 251.83 615.58 192.42 72.65 107.55
1995 17.18 17.07 16.12 18.37 39.37 35.23 1.72 2.73 3.45 36.22 1.43 3.33 2.77 1.49 1.42 1.74 1.30 669.58 909.92 495.00 990.92 628.25 … 259.25 625.08 196.92 104.01 123.49
1996 20.42 20.65 18.54 22.07 38.07 33.52 2.73 2.84 3.67 49.21 1.46 2.69 1.81 1.66 1.89 1.67 1.42 751.58 962.00 586.00 897.25 530.92 728.00 304.83 551.50 267.50 119.67 165.81
1997 19.17 19.09 18.10 20.33 35.10 31.35 2.48 2.74 3.91 45.80 1.62 4.17 1.74 2.06 2.02 2.14 2.02 656.83 988.42 606.25 1010.42 545.83 651.83 295.42 564.75 275.75 97.24 117.09
1998 13.06 12.72 12.13 14.35 29.23 26.84 2.09 2.42 3.02 38.87 1.68 2.98 1.82 2.05 2.07 2.16 1.90 657.92 988.75 661.92 909.42 671.08 686.67 243.25 625.92 170.33 85.05 101.99
1999 18.07 17.81 17.17 19.24 25.89 24.27 2.27 2.13 3.14 39.78 1.14 2.29 1.49 1.84 1.65 2.07 1.80 737.08 863.63 407.88 832.84 436.00 694.08 201.67 426.47 165.17 75.94 90.22
2000 28.23 28.27 26.08 30.33 26.25 26.57 4.31 3.86 4.71 73.85 0.91 1.92 0.91 1.88 1.79 1.81 2.03 450.33 870.68 407.88 756.76 310.25 443.50 211.83 338.14 203.70 77.23 88.53
2001 24.35 24.42 22.71 25.92 32.31 33.86 3.96 4.06 4.63 70.47 1.07 1.37 0.61 1.60 1.62 1.66 1.52 318.08 866.42 465.32 759.23 287.46 305.30 195.83 353.24 204.63 93.94 89.64
2002 24.93 24.97 23.72 26.09 25.31 26.02 3.36 3.05 4.28 58.15 1.78 1.36 0.66 1.51 1.56 1.46 1.49 421.00 723.35 638.83 719.43 410.90 412.51 212.67 461.71 195.70 108.97 99.27
2003 28.90 28.85 26.74 31.11 26.09 30.24 5.49 3.91 4.73 88.47 1.75 1.42 0.81 1.52 1.54 1.47 1.54 467.33 997.19 640.34 1209.45 476.70 457.04 264.00 558.59 232.64 104.74 105.37
2004 37.73 38.30 33.46 41.44 52.95 54.68 5.89 4.28 5.13 95.39 1.55 1.77 0.79 1.69 1.78 1.72 1.55 660.75 988.14 648.58 1291.63 499.28 657.45 306.50 618.23 259.89 98.99 111.80
2005 53.39 54.43 49.29 56.44 47.62 46.20 8.92 6.33 5.99 142.40 1.54 2.53 1.11 1.65 1.84 1.62 1.48 616.98 874.22 676.59 1170.98 450.56 630.82 274.69 544.59 236.76 95.08 98.67
2006 64.29 65.39 61.43 66.04 49.09 50.69 6.72 8.47 7.08 126.66 1.59 2.52 1.49 1.87 1.91 1.75 1.95 606.91 875.26 755.35 1019.48 508.30 578.57 268.65 599.34 227.36 116.62 121.85
2007 71.12 72.70 68.37 72.28 65.73 62.65 6.98 8.56 7.68 130.66 1.95 2.72 1.91 2.04 2.52 1.92 1.66 918.88 1247.55 1166.49 1375.14 816.69 888.41 383.10 886.06 321.94 172.38 163.66
2008 96.99 97.64 93.78 99.56 127.10 120.60 8.86 13.41 12.53 179.78 2.58 3.08 2.32 2.42 2.79 2.25 2.22 1224.00 1600.99 1203.53 2144.74 1042.92 1124.88 521.87 1260.81 442.14 200.52 223.12
2009 61.76 61.86 61.75 61.65 71.84 64.68 3.95 8.71 8.94 95.43 2.89 3.17 1.64 2.72 3.14 2.52 2.52 725.38 1130.02 1191.10 1352.60 741.15 699.02 423.62 853.07 423.58 128.32 165.51
2010 79.04 79.64 78.06 79.43 98.97 91.62 4.39 8.29 10.85 100.00 3.13 4.32 1.74 2.88 3.29 2.81 2.56 1123.58 1240.66 1138.96 1400.99 933.02 1187.41 447.10 1000.86 398.35 158.39 185.91
2011 104.01 110.94 106.03 95.05 121.45 116.30 4.00 10.52 14.66 108.47 2.98 5.98 2.41 2.92 3.26 2.78 2.72 1730.08 1883.83 1442.06 1866.09 1193.37 1653.65 537.52 1297.66 408.67 207.20 291.68
2012 105.01 111.97 108.90 94.16 96.36 92.92 2.75 11.47 16.55 99.18 2.39 4.11 2.27 2.90 3.06 2.75 2.88 1110.83 2442.81 1527.77 2359.06 1043.40 1107.38 595.51 1225.60 531.70 240.28 298.42
2013 104.08 108.86 105.43 97.94 84.56 80.24 3.72 11.79 15.96 112.06 2.44 3.08 2.08 2.86 3.45 2.73 2.40 939.47 1514.30 1750.82 1820.62 870.73 896.92 551.39 1055.39 543.46 203.01 259.39
2014 96.24 98.94 96.66 93.11 70.13 72.34 4.37 10.05 16.04 111.71 3.06 4.42 2.22 2.72 3.54 2.58 2.05 1281.12 1258.32 1680.65 1394.99 837.47 1119.69 484.86 905.97 522.47 145.90 192.88
2015 50.75 52.37 51.18 48.71 58.94 56.71 2.61 6.82 10.93 71.58 3.14 3.53 1.94 2.78 2.98 2.39 2.96 1103.51 1304.87 1554.19 1377.96 663.39 903.35 392.12 755.63 389.46 121.33 169.75
2016 42.81 44.05 41.20 43.19 66.12 63.95 2.49 4.56 7.37 56.95 2.89 3.61 1.95 2.68 3.30 2.33 2.42 1481.78 1392.86 1490.64 1380.63 735.70 1301.32 405.45 814.99 374.66 103.92 159.16
2017 52.81 54.39 53.12 50.91 88.52 85.15 2.96 5.72 8.61 68.97 2.03 3.32 2.23 3.15 4.05 2.42 2.97 1650.65 1486.68 1366.97 1460.79 750.81 1288.46 393.38 850.40 350.24 97.64 154.53
674649609.xlsx, Annual Prices (Nominal), 06/23/2023, 10:17:54 p 1 of 27

Coal, Coal, Natural Liquefied
Crude oil, Crude oil, Crude oil, Crude oil, Australian South Natural gas, natural gas, Natural gas Coffee, Coffee, Tea, avg 3 Tea, Tea, Tea, Coconut Groundnut Palm Soybean Soybean
average Brent Dubai WTI ** Afican ** gas, US Europe Japan index Cocoa Arabica Robusta auctions Colombo Kolkata Mombasa oil Groundnuts Fish meal oil Palm oil kernel oil Soybeans oil meal Barley Maize
2018 68.35 71.07 69.15 64.82 107.02 97.64 3.16 7.68 10.67 82.12 2.29 2.93 1.87 2.85 3.61 2.36 2.58 996.77 1319.87 1525.10 1446.05 638.66 926.48 394.42 789.12 405.23 125.89 164.41
2019 61.41 64.03 63.18 57.01 77.89 71.94 2.57 4.80 10.56 61.15 2.34 2.88 1.62 2.56 3.10 2.38 2.21 735.65 1337.81 1447.99 1407.37 601.37 665.39 368.95 765.44 347.02 128.07 170.07
2020 41.26 42.30 42.17 39.31 60.79 65.66 2.01 3.24 8.31 45.51 2.37 3.32 1.52 2.70 3.40 2.69 2.01 1010.40 1838.67 1432.70 1697.81 751.77 824.07 406.64 837.76 394.18 97.60 165.47
2021 69.07 70.44 68.81 67.96 138.05 119.84 3.85 16.12 10.76 130.67 2.43 4.51 1.98 2.69 3.13 2.83 2.11 1636.31 1555.04 1480.89 2075.09 1130.58 1533.08 583.32 1385.41 480.98 .. 259.55
2022 97.10 99.82 97.05 94.43 344.89 240.56 6.37 40.34 18.43 281.59 2.39 5.63 2.29 3.05 3.87 2.83 2.45 1634.64 1568.12 1595.57 2202.55 1275.99 1616.73 675.40 1666.80 547.86 .. 318.81

Rice, Viet Tobacco,

Rice, Thai Rice, Thai Rice, Thai Namese Wheat, US Wheat, US Banana, Banana, Shrimps, Sugar, US import Logs, Logs, Sawnwood, Sawnwood, Cotton, A Rubber, Rubber, Phosphate
Sorghum 5% 25% A.1 5% SRW HRW Europe US Orange Beef Chicken Lamb ** Mexican Sugar, EU Sugar, US world u.v. Cameroon Malaysian Cameroon Malaysian Plywood Index TSR20 ** RSS3 rock DAP
($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/mt) ($/cubic met($/cubic me($/cubic mete($/cubic mete(¢/sheet) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/kg) ($/mt) ($/mt)
1960 36.58 107.35 … … … … 57.99 … 0.14 0.13 0.74 0.30 … 1.61 0.12 0.13 0.07 1736.87 … 31.94 … 149.17 … 0.65 … 0.78 13.00 ..
1961 41.42 118.95 … … … … 58.61 … 0.13 0.13 0.68 0.31 … 1.69 0.12 0.13 0.06 1563.19 … 33.06 … 151.98 … 0.67 … 0.60 13.00 ..
1962 44.70 134.93 … … … … 64.33 … 0.13 0.11 0.71 0.32 … 2.25 0.13 0.13 0.06 1404.90 … 36.39 … 160.06 … 0.65 … 0.56 11.50 ..
1963 47.84 125.66 … … … … 64.49 … 0.14 0.09 0.67 0.33 … 2.00 0.13 0.17 0.18 1343.61 … 35.49 … 157.85 … 0.65 … 0.52 11.50 ..
1964 48.24 120.15 … … … … 67.53 … 0.17 0.08 0.84 0.34 … 1.81 0.13 0.14 0.13 1488.30 … 30.26 … 144.83 … 0.65 … 0.49 12.50 ..
1965 47.93 118.79 … … … … 59.46 … 0.16 0.10 0.88 0.35 … 1.99 0.12 0.14 0.04 1265.41 … 35.03 … 156.75 … 0.64 … 0.50 14.00 ..
1966 48.58 145.20 … … … … 62.95 … 0.15 0.08 1.02 0.36 … 2.31 0.13 0.14 0.04 1581.22 … 36.83 … 161.09 … 0.62 … 0.47 13.00 ..
1967 51.90 189.37 … … … … 65.71 … 0.16 0.16 1.04 0.37 … 2.29 0.13 0.15 0.04 1299.43 … 39.33 … 166.88 … 0.68 … 0.39 12.00 68.50
1968 52.57 182.91 … … … … 62.77 … 0.15 0.17 1.09 0.38 … 2.58 0.11 0.15 0.04 1204.47 … 40.05 … 168.53 … 0.68 … 0.38 11.50 60.50
1969 53.76 168.37 … … … … 58.39 … 0.16 0.17 1.22 0.40 … 2.87 0.11 0.16 0.07 1112.38 … 38.89 … 165.91 … 0.63 … 0.50 11.25 58.00
1970 51.80 126.31 … … … … 54.90 … 0.17 0.17 1.30 0.42 … 2.73 0.11 0.17 0.08 1075.98 42.99 43.13 175.00 175.41 … 0.68 … 0.41 11.00 54.00
1971 55.77 111.54 … … … … 61.73 … 0.14 0.15 1.35 0.44 0.80 3.31 0.11 0.17 0.10 1042.65 44.43 43.27 … 175.72 … 0.78 … 0.33 11.25 61.75
1972 56.24 129.45 … … … … 69.81 … 0.14 0.15 1.48 0.47 1.07 4.12 0.15 0.19 0.16 1073.64 52.48 41.12 … 170.93 … 0.83 … 0.33 11.50 91.00
1973 93.39 289.58 … … … … 139.81 … 0.15 0.16 2.01 0.53 1.39 5.00 0.15 0.23 0.21 1128.02 133.47 68.03 … 223.53 … 1.39 … 0.68 13.75 118.75
1974 120.94 517.17 … … … … 179.71 … 0.18 0.18 1.58 0.56 1.42 4.65 0.23 0.65 0.65 1482.07 120.43 81.66 … 246.83 … 1.46 … 0.75 54.52 332.62
1975 111.87 341.43 … … … … 149.06 … 0.22 0.23 1.33 0.58 1.48 5.89 0.34 0.50 0.45 1841.99 126.57 67.51 … 223.44 … 1.22 … 0.56 67.17 242.50
1976 105.21 234.68 … … … … 132.92 … 0.26 0.22 1.58 0.61 1.57 8.31 0.30 0.29 0.25 2186.72 142.34 92.02 … 263.55 … 1.75 … 0.77 35.83 119.92
1977 88.37 252.23 … … … … 103.22 … 0.27 0.25 1.51 0.65 1.70 7.91 0.31 0.24 0.18 2253.93 158.77 92.57 … 264.98 … 1.63 … 0.81 61.79 134.08
1978 93.84 345.66 … … … … 127.75 … 0.29 0.30 2.14 0.70 2.19 8.07 0.35 0.31 0.17 2268.02 191.28 97.36 … 272.28 … 1.61 … 0.99 31.28 139.83
1979 108.11 313.07 … … … 156.31 160.29 … 0.33 0.40 2.88 0.74 2.37 11.97 0.43 0.34 0.21 2344.43 211.53 170.04 … 365.93 262.50 1.71 … 1.26 35.48 193.33
1980 128.86 410.74 … … … 168.30 172.73 … 0.38 0.40 2.76 0.76 2.88 10.14 0.49 0.66 0.63 2275.86 251.69 195.51 396.00 396.20 273.78 2.06 … 1.42 44.67 222.21
1981 126.37 458.99 … … … 154.59 174.96 … 0.40 0.41 2.47 0.77 2.74 10.16 0.42 0.43 0.37 2321.69 212.79 154.56 … 349.41 244.69 1.87 … 1.12 48.96 177.63
1982 108.53 272.48 … … … 132.55 160.36 … 0.37 0.38 2.39 0.76 2.38 13.28 0.40 0.44 0.19 2563.96 175.92 146.45 … 339.38 232.45 1.60 … 0.86 42.96 166.63
1983 128.76 256.80 … … … 137.30 157.42 … 0.43 0.37 2.44 0.77 1.93 13.21 0.39 0.49 0.19 2656.55 160.77 137.71 … 328.14 229.81 1.85 … 1.06 39.80 169.08
1984 118.19 232.50 … … … 140.23 152.33 … 0.37 0.35 2.27 0.87 1.92 11.74 0.36 0.48 0.11 2786.32 175.64 156.76 … 351.64 226.98 1.78 … 0.96 33.07 175.63
1985 103.01 196.93 … … … 128.66 135.83 … 0.38 0.40 2.15 0.84 1.84 10.49 0.35 0.45 0.09 2611.82 173.88 121.73 307.00 307.13 210.88 1.32 … 0.76 36.00 157.17
1986 82.41 186.25 104.12 104.25 … 118.39 114.92 … 0.38 0.39 2.09 0.93 2.15 12.89 0.41 0.46 0.13 2659.18 221.64 138.58 … 329.34 273.72 1.06 … 0.81 36.00 138.17
1987 72.76 214.61 191.00 153.92 … 112.10 112.90 … 0.39 0.46 2.39 0.91 2.16 11.44 0.47 0.48 0.15 2745.55 258.92 201.77 … 401.30 399.41 1.65 … 0.98 34.15 160.00
1988 98.46 277.47 … 219.75 … 140.72 145.20 … 0.48 0.45 2.52 1.00 2.41 12.44 0.53 0.49 0.22 2467.90 271.32 200.86 … 402.33 358.84 1.40 … 1.18 31.60 180.17
1989 105.94 299.16 … 218.58 … 161.26 169.24 … 0.55 0.45 2.57 1.10 2.32 11.16 0.50 0.50 0.28 3167.57 273.76 190.59 … 485.28 350.32 1.67 … 0.97 31.00 155.29
1990 103.94 270.85 … 156.17 … 129.09 135.52 … 0.54 0.53 2.56 1.08 2.66 10.79 0.58 0.51 0.28 3392.19 343.46 177.19 533.00 533.08 354.87 1.82 … 0.86 31.29 154.68
1991 105.11 293.28 239.50 179.17 … 126.11 128.67 … 0.56 0.52 2.66 1.06 2.33 11.54 0.61 0.48 0.20 3500.07 316.05 191.48 … 552.52 372.38 1.68 … 0.83 31.50 158.25
1992 102.75 268.22 228.33 177.92 … 145.14 151.20 … 0.47 0.49 2.45 1.06 2.65 10.95 0.63 0.47 0.20 3439.54 331.28 209.51 … 607.22 380.76 1.28 … 0.86 31.50 137.87
1993 99.03 235.41 202.42 157.58 … 134.77 140.24 … 0.44 0.43 2.62 1.21 2.91 11.39 0.62 0.48 0.22 2695.34 310.32 389.81 … 758.25 661.43 1.28 … 0.83 31.50 122.00
1994 103.87 267.59 229.92 182.30 … 138.56 149.73 … 0.44 0.41 2.33 1.22 2.98 13.08 0.62 0.49 0.27 2641.66 330.26 307.55 … 821.04 601.16 1.76 … 1.13 31.83 160.42
1995 118.97 320.96 297.67 262.87 … 167.36 176.98 … 0.45 0.53 1.87 1.22 2.62 13.54 0.69 0.51 0.29 2643.44 339.51 255.62 596.13 739.95 584.44 2.13 … 1.58 32.67 199.77
1996 150.03 338.88 286.08 232.70 … 187.42 207.60 … 0.47 0.49 1.75 1.37 3.29 13.12 0.68 0.49 0.26 3055.37 284.32 252.10 512.41 741.35 529.53 1.77 … 1.39 33.03 198.10
1997 109.62 303.51 257.08 210.38 … 143.65 159.48 0.97 0.52 0.46 1.85 1.34 3.39 14.76 0.63 0.48 0.25 3531.55 284.75 238.25 563.58 664.53 484.96 1.75 … 1.02 32.50 186.99
1998 98.04 304.16 259.86 213.02 … 111.52 126.13 1.00 0.49 0.44 1.72 1.39 2.75 14.24 0.60 0.49 0.20 3336.12 286.40 162.43 526.33 484.15 376.05 1.44 … 0.72 32.50 186.86
1999 84.39 248.42 216.29 192.62 … 96.28 112.04 0.85 0.37 0.44 1.81 1.32 2.61 12.35 0.59 0.47 0.14 3041.18 269.27 187.11 455.17 600.82 440.55 1.17 0.59 0.63 42.80 171.10
2000 88.00 202.40 172.81 143.47 … 98.91 114.09 0.71 0.42 0.36 1.93 1.31 2.62 14.02 0.56 0.43 0.18 2976.21 275.43 189.95 489.05 594.70 448.24 1.30 0.63 0.67 44.00 147.67
2001 95.23 172.84 153.06 134.11 … 107.72 126.81 0.78 0.58 0.60 2.11 1.40 2.91 13.68 0.53 0.47 0.19 3004.62 266.05 159.05 471.93 481.35 409.81 1.06 0.52 0.58 44.00 143.51
2002 101.74 191.87 174.98 150.18 … 129.96 148.08 0.76 0.53 0.56 2.11 1.39 3.30 10.39 0.55 0.46 0.15 2744.47 236.03 163.41 486.34 526.81 402.73 1.02 0.75 0.76 44.00 152.19
2003 106.53 197.62 181.72 151.47 … 138.58 146.14 0.79 0.37 0.68 2.13 1.46 3.88 10.78 0.60 0.47 0.16 2646.10 279.49 187.16 551.63 550.99 431.88 1.40 1.00 1.08 44.00 171.67
2004 109.78 237.67 225.43 205.14 226.32 144.44 156.88 0.89 0.52 0.86 2.67 1.67 4.60 10.12 0.67 0.45 0.16 2740.22 331.30 197.26 586.40 581.29 464.82 1.37 1.21 1.28 44.00 204.74
2005 96.22 286.27 265.38 217.82 … 135.72 152.35 1.17 0.60 0.87 2.73 1.63 4.44 9.71 0.67 0.47 0.22 2789.65 334.37 203.12 559.14 659.38 508.61 1.22 1.39 1.49 44.00 226.79
2006 122.94 304.88 277.12 219.51 … 158.97 192.04 0.90 0.68 0.83 2.65 1.53 4.04 9.60 0.65 0.49 0.33 2969.20 318.48 239.43 622.87 749.34 595.56 1.27 1.95 2.08 44.00 229.87
2007 162.69 326.43 306.50 272.32 … 238.59 255.21 1.04 0.68 0.96 2.70 1.72 4.12 9.68 0.68 0.46 0.22 3315.06 381.32 267.98 759.84 806.30 640.72 1.40 2.16 2.26 52.02 391.96
2008 207.83 650.19 … 482.28 … 271.52 326.03 1.19 0.84 1.11 3.24 1.87 4.59 10.51 0.70 0.47 0.28 3588.74 526.89 292.30 958.28 889.09 645.45 1.57 2.53 2.59 242.74 861.62
2009 151.05 554.99 458.07 326.36 … 185.95 224.07 1.14 0.85 0.91 2.73 1.89 4.28 8.92 0.52 0.55 0.40 4235.20 421.47 287.20 748.92 805.52 564.62 1.38 1.80 1.92 222.75 288.47
2010 165.40 488.91 441.51 383.66 429.19 229.68 223.58 1.00 0.87 1.03 3.42 1.89 5.95 10.64 0.44 0.79 0.47 4333.23 428.56 278.17 812.69 848.27 569.09 2.28 3.38 3.65 105.31 456.43
2011 268.75 543.03 506.04 458.56 513.64 285.91 316.26 1.12 0.97 0.89 4.08 1.93 9.53 12.11 0.45 0.84 0.57 4485.05 484.81 390.51 825.75 939.45 607.54 3.33 4.52 4.82 163.55 516.29
2012 271.93 562.98 543.80 525.07 434.44 295.37 313.24 1.10 0.98 0.87 4.21 2.08 8.55 11.46 0.42 0.64 0.47 4302.35 451.39 360.51 759.32 876.34 610.34 1.97 3.16 3.38 184.93 480.24
2013 243.28 505.89 472.96 473.99 392.40 276.73 312.25 1.02 0.92 0.97 4.13 2.17 6.93 14.17 0.43 0.45 0.39 4588.82 463.53 305.43 749.17 852.80 560.23 1.99 2.52 2.79 126.32 410.97
2014 210.39 422.83 382.17 425.15 407.21 245.21 284.89 1.04 0.93 0.78 5.05 2.32 7.99 17.79 0.43 0.53 0.37 4990.77 465.17 282.04 789.45 897.94 517.33 1.83 1.71 1.95 110.46 429.59
2015 201.63 386.00 372.58 386.03 351.84 206.38 204.45 0.90 0.96 0.68 4.56 1.99 7.50 13.22 0.36 0.55 0.30 4908.30 388.58 246.02 732.58 833.25 451.25 1.55 1.37 1.57 120.31 416.62
2016 155.59 396.17 385.33 380.34 356.10 176.30 166.63 0.91 1.00 0.89 4.06 1.85 7.31 11.22 0.36 0.61 0.40 4790.50 387.41 274.38 649.61 738.88 503.27 1.64 1.38 1.61 110.46 315.81
2017 163.02 398.92 384.67 379.90 363.25 178.18 174.20 0.90 1.08 0.81 4.39 2.12 8.25 13.32 0.37 0.62 0.35 4627.36 395.22 265.43 617.28 702.11 486.86 1.84 1.67 2.00 89.69 323.03

Rice, Viet Tobacco,
Sorghum 5% 25% A.1 5% SRW HRW Europe US Orange Beef Chicken Lamb ** Mexican Sugar, EU Sugar, US world u.v. Cameroon Malaysian Cameroon Malaysian Plywood Index TSR20 ** RSS3 rock DAP
2018 168.59 420.67 408.08 401.07 406.14 203.89 209.93 0.95 1.15 0.79 4.20 2.24 7.85 12.24 0.39 0.56 0.28 4865.96 413.55 269.70 639.99 727.94 494.70 2.01 1.37 1.57 87.90 393.43
2019 161.51 418.00 410.42 393.49 351.88 211.28 201.69 0.88 1.14 0.56 4.76 2.00 8.10 12.60 0.37 0.58 0.28 4579.36 391.92 273.10 611.81 695.89 500.93 1.72 1.41 1.64 87.96 306.36
2020 171.57 496.75 481.83 474.62 427.96 227.74 231.57 0.90 1.22 0.60 4.67 1.63 7.83 12.67 0.37 0.59 0.28 4336.28 399.46 278.94 615.17 699.71 511.63 1.59 1.33 1.73 76.05 312.42
2021 .. 458.25 448.25 436.09 446.35 281.66 315.24 0.92 1.21 0.65 5.39 2.26 11.55 13.70 0.39 0.74 0.39 4154.74 414.22 271.35 659.34 749.95 497.72 2.23 1.68 2.07 123.21 600.96
2022 .. 436.75 429.67 417.73 404.53 381.92 429.97 0.94 1.49 0.92 5.78 3.35 11.94 13.51 0.34 0.79 0.41 4269.86 368.94 227.99 593.02 674.51 418.19 2.86 1.54 1.81 266.16 772.16

Potassium Iron ore,

TSP Urea chloride ** Aluminum cfr spot Copper Lead Tin Nickel Zinc Gold Platinum Silver
($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/dmtu) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/troy oz) ($/troy oz) ($/troy oz)
1960 53.00 42.25 28.50 511.47 11.42 678.76 198.85 2196.73 1631.00 246.19 35.27 83.50 0.91
1961 52.00 42.25 30.00 511.47 11.02 633.08 176.98 2449.89 1711.00 214.31 35.25 83.50 0.92
1962 51.00 42.25 30.00 498.06 11.01 645.14 155.28 2471.38 1761.00 185.93 35.23 83.50 1.08
1963 52.00 42.25 30.00 498.80 11.02 645.95 174.81 2507.73 1741.67 211.51 35.09 80.93 1.28
1964 53.00 60.50 32.50 525.99 10.24 969.75 277.88 3412.74 1741.67 326.49 35.10 88.48 1.29
1965 54.00 65.75 29.50 540.13 10.66 1292.84 317.18 3890.78 1735.00 311.25 35.12 98.04 1.29
1966 50.00 59.25 27.50 540.13 9.52 1531.51 260.65 3573.51 1739.00 281.11 35.13 99.72 1.29
1967 45.00 49.25 25.50 540.13 8.86 1134.77 227.68 3308.03 1935.70 273.33 34.95 110.25 1.55
1968 37.50 35.50 24.00 552.99 8.77 1241.95 240.49 3126.88 2074.50 262.89 38.93 117.21 2.14
1969 39.25 26.60 22.00 588.45 9.84 1467.34 289.89 3427.45 2363.40 286.41 41.08 124.19 1.79
1970 42.50 18.25 31.50 614.17 9.84 1415.70 302.91 3673.45 2846.20 295.82 35.94 132.50 1.77
1971 43.25 16.00 32.50 627.95 10.33 1081.42 253.63 3511.97 2932.10 309.28 40.80 123.04 1.55
1972 67.50 29.25 33.50 590.10 10.33 1057.68 301.66 3739.96 3079.90 377.69 58.16 127.13 1.68
1973 99.50 64.75 42.50 599.11 10.33 1785.36 429.68 4802.20 3373.10 845.33 97.33 152.18 2.56
1974 303.58 285.75 60.50 764.82 13.38 2058.50 592.26 8184.27 3825.25 1239.58 159.25 184.98 4.71
1975 202.50 168.00 81.33 868.44 17.30 1234.75 411.68 6876.58 4571.33 745.17 161.03 169.87 4.42
1976 90.92 82.00 55.50 889.93 22.72 1400.75 446.42 7585.54 4973.08 711.42 124.82 159.65 4.36
1977 97.92 120.76 55.29 1143.83 23.06 1308.75 618.00 10804.45 5118.17 589.67 147.72 158.32 4.64
1978 98.04 136.04 59.01 1324.92 21.45 1364.83 661.92 12875.21 4609.25 593.92 193.24 260.65 5.42
1979 146.23 153.00 76.47 1602.87 23.50 1985.26 1208.25 15447.41 5986.00 741.67 306.67 442.80 11.10
1980 180.25 200.56 106.50 1774.91 28.09 2182.09 905.75 16774.88 6518.68 761.22 607.86 679.10 20.80
1981 161.33 182.50 110.17 1262.73 28.09 1741.95 726.73 14159.13 5953.08 845.65 459.75 447.48 10.52
1982 138.42 123.96 83.25 991.57 32.50 1480.44 545.60 12825.80 4837.49 744.78 375.80 328.29 7.93
1983 134.67 114.54 74.42 1438.43 29.00 1591.93 425.34 12987.97 4672.80 764.33 422.53 423.31 11.43
1984 131.25 150.17 84.13 1251.33 26.15 1377.32 442.61 12233.49 4752.21 921.93 360.48 357.81 8.14
1985 121.38 111.63 83.21 1040.73 26.56 1417.38 390.86 11539.04 4899.04 783.44 317.91 292.50 6.12
1986 121.17 70.75 72.96 1149.94 26.26 1373.78 406.08 6161.37 3881.24 754.03 367.69 465.04 5.44
1987 138.00 82.50 67.29 1565.36 25.30 1782.50 596.84 6664.83 4872.22 798.79 446.47 555.72 7.01
1988 158.38 113.54 86.83 2550.46 24.30 2601.67 656.23 7051.63 13778.32 1241.51 437.05 530.34 6.53
1989 144.00 102.96 98.33 1951.26 27.83 2848.41 673.48 8534.43 13308.18 1658.77 381.43 509.64 5.51
1990 131.82 115.65 94.63 1639.45 32.50 2661.48 810.54 6085.38 8864.10 1513.46 383.47 471.59 4.83
1991 133.12 138.40 106.43 1302.19 34.76 2338.78 557.62 5595.04 8155.62 1116.99 362.18 375.82 4.05
1992 120.74 117.60 111.76 1254.28 33.10 2281.16 541.37 6101.03 7001.23 1239.78 343.73 359.69 3.95
1993 111.94 85.54 112.54 1139.05 29.09 1913.08 406.36 5161.14 5293.42 961.98 359.77 374.03 4.31
1994 132.11 93.89 112.50 1476.78 26.47 2307.42 547.77 5463.85 6339.82 997.73 384.01 405.26 5.28
1995 149.63 126.86 112.50 1805.66 28.38 2935.61 630.95 6213.81 8228.04 1031.12 384.16 424.34 5.20
1996 175.83 153.69 112.50 1505.66 30.00 2294.86 774.33 6165.08 7500.82 1025.14 387.70 397.11 5.20
1997 171.91 117.49 112.50 1599.33 30.15 2276.77 624.18 5646.77 6927.39 1316.13 331.10 394.92 4.91
1998 173.05 83.22 112.50 1357.47 31.00 1654.06 528.64 5540.33 4629.52 1024.47 294.16 372.28 5.55
1999 154.49 65.94 112.50 1361.09 27.59 1572.86 502.62 5403.62 6011.23 1076.34 278.77 376.95 5.22
2000 137.71 100.92 112.50 1549.14 28.79 1813.47 453.94 5435.71 8637.74 1128.13 279.03 544.63 4.95
2001 126.88 96.45 112.50 1443.63 30.03 1578.29 476.16 4484.44 5944.73 885.77 270.99 529.53 4.38
2002 133.06 94.42 112.50 1349.92 29.31 1559.48 452.68 4060.50 6771.75 778.75 309.97 539.51 4.60
2003 149.33 138.19 112.50 1431.29 31.95 1779.14 515.03 4894.90 9629.47 827.70 363.51 691.71 4.88
2004 186.31 174.91 125.55 1715.54 37.90 2865.88 886.55 8512.73 13823.24 1047.75 409.21 845.35 6.66
2005 201.48 217.35 155.00 1898.31 65.00 3678.88 976.37 7379.83 14743.96 1381.31 444.84 896.53 7.31
2006 201.63 222.14 178.33 2569.90 69.33 6722.13 1289.72 8780.83 24254.41 3275.29 604.34 1140.78 11.56
2007 339.05 307.11 195.42 2638.18 122.99 7118.23 2579.99 14536.83 37229.81 3242.36 696.72 1304.94 13.39
2008 879.38 514.98 455.97 2572.79 155.99 6955.88 2090.66 18510.09 21110.64 1874.71 871.71 1574.50 15.00
2009 257.42 251.08 558.48 1664.83 79.98 5149.74 1719.27 13573.88 14654.63 1655.11 972.97 1203.40 14.64
2010 381.89 288.90 332.15 2173.12 145.86 7534.78 2148.45 20405.62 21808.85 2160.74 1224.66 1609.75 20.15
2011 538.26 398.92 392.82 2401.39 167.75 8828.19 2400.81 26053.68 22910.36 2193.90 1569.21 1719.48 35.22
2012 462.00 398.60 465.38 2023.28 128.50 7962.35 2064.64 21125.99 17547.55 1950.41 1669.52 1550.84 31.14
2013 380.75 339.61 395.00 1846.67 135.36 7332.10 2139.79 22282.80 15031.80 1910.26 1411.46 1486.55 23.85
2014 382.00 308.44 296.63 1867.42 96.95 6863.40 2095.46 21898.87 16893.38 2160.97 1265.58 1383.57 19.07
2015 377.60 277.94 296.06 1664.68 55.85 5510.46 1787.82 16066.63 11862.64 1931.68 1160.66 1053.20 15.72
2016 290.27 194.13 260.33 1604.18 58.42 4867.90 1866.65 17933.76 9595.18 2089.98 1248.99 987.09 17.15
2017 283.20 213.88 218.23 1967.65 71.76 6169.94 2314.67 20061.17 10409.64 2890.87 1257.56 948.45 17.07

Potassium Iron ore,
TSP Urea chloride ** Aluminum cfr spot Copper Lead Tin Nickel Zinc Gold Platinum Silver
($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/dmtu) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/troy oz) ($/troy oz) ($/troy oz)
2018 346.74 249.45 215.50 2108.48 69.75 6529.80 2240.44 20145.21 13114.06 2922.38 1269.23 879.55 15.71
2019 294.55 245.28 255.50 1794.49 93.85 6010.15 1996.51 18661.16 13913.91 2550.41 1392.50 863.99 16.22
2020 265.04 229.10 241.07 1703.99 108.92 6173.77 1824.88 17124.60 13787.26 2266.45 1770.25 883.39 20.54
2021 538.19 483.21 542.81 2472.85 161.71 9317.05 2200.37 32384.15 18464.97 3002.52 1799.63 1091.13 25.16
2022 716.05 700.02 863.42 2705.02 121.30 8822.37 2150.60 31335.41 25833.73 3481.38 1800.60 961.72 21.79

annual price indices, 2010=100, 1960 to present
(annual series are available in nominal and real 2010 dollars)
World Bank
Commodity Energy Non-energy
Price Index Agriculture Fertilizers ** Metals & Minerals
Beverages Food Raw Materials

Oils & Meals Grains Other Food Timber Other Raw
Mat.
1960 7.54 2.13 18.51 21.66 24.76 20.83 22.09 23.43 16.82 22.11 16.24 28.53 12.86 12.68
1961 7.5 2.08 18.48 21.77 22.61 22.02 24.90 24.33 16.13 20.74 16.59 25.28 12.90 12.37
1962 7.39 2.04 18.23 21.48 22.05 21.80 22.60 26.82 16.21 20.42 17.59 23.51 12.60 12.21
1963 7.7 2.01 19.24 22.99 22.48 24.41 23.50 27.42 22.91 19.80 17.32 22.52 12.66 12.29
1964 7.93 1.94 20.07 23.00 24.40 24.25 24.18 27.64 21.27 19.26 15.71 23.14 15.64 14.57
1965 8.03 1.94 20.37 22.48 22.49 23.76 26.78 26.85 17.00 19.34 17.18 21.71 16.50 16.50
1966 8.25 1.88 21.17 23.34 23.28 24.58 26.49 29.49 17.62 20.34 17.72 23.21 15.06 17.43
1967 7.98 1.87 20.38 23.25 23.46 24.70 24.35 31.62 18.88 19.62 18.45 20.89 13.07 15.33
1968 7.83 1.85 19.95 22.38 24.44 23.17 21.88 29.51 19.14 19.42 18.66 20.24 10.50 16.04
1969 8.16 1.81 21.03 23.17 26.37 24.05 22.20 29.08 21.94 19.39 18.33 20.55 9.17 17.99
1970 8.7 2.11 22.06 24.65 27.69 26.09 27.19 27.45 23.42 19.58 19.54 19.63 8.69 18.27
1971 8.94 2.71 21.58 24.63 24.99 26.62 27.94 27.35 24.23 19.59 19.58 19.61 8.51 16.80
1972 9.4 2.93 22.54 26.10 27.17 28.55 27.93 28.83 29.12 19.59 18.97 20.28 11.89 16.46
1973 14.41 4.17 35.17 42.70 35.72 50.03 56.27 56.36 36.10 28.43 25.93 31.15 19.69 21.49
1974 24.89 13.80 47.39 56.19 44.37 68.61 64.78 82.58 61.00 32.03 29.16 35.17 70.51 26.71
1975 22.03 13.85 38.61 45.36 41.17 52.95 46.52 65.58 49.97 29.07 25.88 32.56 51.21 23.34
1976 23.58 15.37 40.22 48.27 73.35 47.61 47.36 55.50 40.80 37.11 31.51 43.23 25.99 25.34
1977 26.71 16.85 46.73 56.30 127.34 49.35 58.59 49.30 37.24 37.05 31.69 42.91 36.08 28.33
1978 27.4 17.67 47.14 55.90 96.83 54.47 60.21 59.19 42.64 38.57 32.74 44.95 33.61 30.70
1979 44.26 39.04 54.84 63.33 100.35 61.68 66.68 64.35 52.68 48.53 47.11 50.08 40.51 39.05
1980 51.15 46.78 60.00 68.76 87.86 70.99 63.85 74.22 77.46 53.64 51.91 55.53 52.53 42.88
1981 48.72 46.86 52.49 61.71 69.89 66.05 61.26 78.70 60.90 47.02 44.36 49.92 49.79 33.88
1982 44.21 44.01 44.60 52.66 69.14 52.80 50.55 60.43 48.84 43.93 42.80 45.17 37.52 28.89
1983 42.57 39.34 49.12 57.09 77.29 57.47 57.70 65.18 50.19 45.91 41.07 51.20 34.91 34.39
1984 41.81 37.82 49.90 59.75 88.46 58.89 66.75 63.27 44.60 47.23 44.74 49.95 39.33 30.89
1985 38.3 36.15 42.67 50.20 78.96 48.61 49.80 53.54 42.57 39.47 37.87 41.21 33.67 28.24
1986 28.17 21.85 41.00 47.93 88.44 42.58 38.39 44.83 46.07 40.32 41.25 39.30 27.18 28.35
1987 31.15 24.52 44.59 49.59 67.00 45.45 42.93 43.92 50.15 50.81 52.87 48.55 29.18 36.07
1988 32.66 21.19 55.94 56.82 65.16 57.93 57.27 58.67 58.15 49.88 52.90 46.58 35.56 56.43
1989 34.6 24.66 54.74 57.45 54.84 58.69 51.40 63.85 63.63 55.75 59.70 51.43 33.83 51.57
1990 37.65 30.95 51.25 55.05 50.40 54.68 44.84 57.91 64.71 58.31 63.03 53.14 34.77 45.34
1991 34.2 27.01 48.79 54.32 45.80 54.10 46.05 58.08 61.09 59.20 65.95 51.82 38.85 38.57
1992 33.37 26.21 47.89 53.73 39.68 53.87 47.57 58.39 58.08 60.54 72.41 47.57 35.50 37.32
674649609.xlsx, Annual Indices (Nominal), 06/23/2023, 10:17:54 p 7 of 27

World Bank
Commodity Energy Non-energy

Mat.
1993 32.03 23.95 48.41 57.34 42.41 54.12 48.97 54.48 60.58 72.73 100.58 42.28 30.46 32.14
1994 33.07 22.33 54.87 64.03 67.77 58.14 55.39 58.77 61.19 76.46 99.83 50.90 32.85 38.57
1995 35.66 23.88 59.57 66.87 69.24 63.00 59.55 69.38 61.75 75.08 88.26 60.66 38.69 46.96
1996 38.75 29.02 58.49 68.27 59.77 67.96 62.64 83.61 60.81 73.33 88.11 57.17 44.08 40.06
1997 36.85 26.86 57.12 65.86 75.94 62.81 63.29 64.76 60.40 68.15 79.95 55.24 38.59 41.29
1998 28.96 19.07 49.03 57.32 67.18 57.30 58.12 57.43 56.09 52.36 57.36 46.89 33.75 33.76
1999 31.07 24.42 44.56 50.64 51.93 48.14 45.34 49.59 50.50 56.07 70.04 40.80 31.87 33.53
2000 41.14 39.22 45.05 48.86 43.10 46.88 42.29 46.65 53.15 56.60 69.70 42.28 36.12 38.25
2001 37.55 35.05 42.63 47.08 37.07 48.73 40.57 46.89 61.14 48.15 56.84 38.65 34.86 34.38
2002 37.46 33.97 44.52 50.63 45.03 51.80 46.52 52.94 57.71 50.65 61.36 38.93 34.92 33.08
2003 43.83 41.40 48.76 54.94 46.13 56.19 56.28 54.32 57.75 56.38 65.47 46.45 42.11 36.83
2004 54.48 53.44 56.60 60.52 47.64 63.59 62.62 59.28 68.78 59.59 69.05 49.24 50.26 49.28
2005 70.73 75.39 61.29 62.00 55.39 62.46 56.44 58.79 73.71 64.23 76.69 50.61 58.97 60.10
2006 82.15 85.40 75.56 68.38 59.43 67.74 57.74 70.02 78.82 74.48 87.84 59.87 61.08 91.92
2007 92.87 94.37 89.82 81.25 68.72 83.87 85.57 88.98 77.00 81.28 95.34 65.90 83.36 108.12
2008 121.34 129.03 105.72 102.75 83.70 111.98 115.71 130.69 90.15 90.02 104.87 73.77 190.09 102.22
2009 80.87 79.36 83.94 89.51 86.10 92.99 91.05 98.95 90.15 82.79 96.79 67.47 120.04 68.42
2010 100 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
2011 130.05 135.22 119.56 121.52 115.97 122.47 120.54 138.19 110.77 122.04 117.29 127.24 137.62 113.49
2012 126 134.12 109.51 114.29 92.63 124.15 125.35 141.34 107.02 101.34 109.11 92.84 141.06 96.13
2013 121.63 131.65 101.29 105.68 83.30 114.59 114.34 128.25 102.56 95.41 102.58 87.57 114.36 90.81
2014 112.5 120.40 96.47 101.88 101.77 106.02 106.35 104.08 107.33 91.91 104.87 77.73 101.47 84.79
2015 71.23 66.10 81.62 87.86 93.95 88.46 84.36 87.06 95.13 83.29 96.07 69.31 98.40 66.94
2016 63.73 56.02 79.36 87.45 91.29 89.63 88.27 80.69 99.50 80.20 89.65 69.86 77.71 62.97
2017 74.1 69.36 83.73 86.95 83.11 90.20 87.57 80.55 102.41 81.00 85.56 76.01 74.26 78.20
2018 87.96 89.36 85.13 86.56 79.08 90.45 85.01 88.76 99.13 80.90 88.27 72.83 82.50 82.51
2019 79.34 78.25 81.56 83.13 76.13 86.98 77.46 88.96 97.71 77.34 85.60 68.31 81.38 78.36
2020 63.07 52.68 84.12 87.08 80.38 93.12 89.79 95.35 95.49 75.79 86.41 64.18 74.61 79.15
2021 101.02 95.38 112.46 108.31 93.49 121.85 127.10 123.82 113.14 82.95 90.43 74.77 152.31 116.44
2022 143.26 152.57 124.36 122.75 106.28 143.68 145.21 150.37 135.61 80.27 80.06 80.50 235.74 115.02

Precious
Metals
Metals & Minerals

Base Metals
(ex. iron ore)
1960 13.80 3.27

1961 13.49 3.28
1962 13.30 3.43
1963 13.39 3.60
1964 16.33 3.62
1965 18.63 3.65
1966 19.97 3.65
1967 17.48 3.90
1968 18.37 4.73
1969 20.60 4.54
1970 20.95 4.22
1971 19.06 4.29
1972 18.64 5.54
1973 24.84 8.89
1974 30.78 14.91
1975 26.01 14.73
1976 27.61 12.35
1977 31.24 14.06
1978 34.42 17.90
1979 44.38 30.81
1980 48.37 59.54
1981 37.28 40.00
1982 30.43 31.99
1983 37.76 38.43
1984 33.90 31.28
1985 30.57 26.53
1986 30.75 29.41
1987 40.43 36.08
1988 65.68 34.98
1989 59.12 30.44
1990 50.70 29.86
1991 42.00 27.58
1992 40.72 26.27

Precious
Metals
Metals & Minerals

Base Metals
(ex. iron ore)
1993 34.98 27.66

1994 43.31 30.18
1995 53.36 30.15
1996 44.59 30.32
1997 46.08 26.44
1998 36.67 24.66
1999 36.92 23.37
2000 42.55 23.49
2001 37.59 22.40
2002 36.10 25.11
2003 40.30 29.08
2004 54.70 33.97
2005 63.72 36.95
2006 102.24 51.57
2007 113.66 59.49
2008 101.13 72.66
2009 71.57 78.01
2010 100.00 100.00
2011 113.14 136.27
2012 98.00 138.46
2013 90.35 115.09
2014 89.05 101.12
2015 73.60 90.64
2016 68.29 97.45
2017 84.94 97.84
2018 90.57 97.17
2019 81.62 105.44
2020 80.19 133.54
2021 117.74 140.17
2022 122.43 136.80

annual prices, 1960 to present, real 2010 US dollars
Coal, Natural Liquefied

Crude oil, Crude oil, Crude oil, Crude oil, Coal, South Natural gas, natural Natural gas Coffee, Coffee, Tea, avg 3 Tea, Tea, Tea, Coconut Groundnut Palm Soybean Soybean
average Brent Dubai WTI Australian Afican gas, US Europe gas, Japan index Cocoa Arabica Robusta auctions Colombo Kolkata Mombasa oil Groundnuts Fish meal oil Palm oil kernel oil Soybeans oil meal Barley Maize
1960 8.51 8.51 8.51 … … … 0.73 2.11 … … 3.08 4.82 3.64 5.38 4.86 5.86 5.42 1631.60 … … 1708.22 1172.33 … 479.73 1169.72 423.18 105.28 232.46
1961 8.05 8.05 8.05 … … … 0.77 2.07 … … 2.45 4.59 3.43 4.88 4.57 5.01 5.04 1298.56 … … 1692.27 1170.46 … 560.25 1472.36 496.58 106.32 230.37
1962 7.65 7.65 7.65 … … … 0.80 2.04 … … 2.30 4.19 3.43 4.89 4.33 5.56 4.80 1263.71 … … 1380.03 1087.74 … 505.75 1141.89 447.74 114.20 244.74
1963 7.69 7.69 7.69 … … … 0.82 2.01 … … 2.83 4.13 3.19 4.88 4.18 5.55 4.92 1467.23 … … 1375.87 1139.59 … 564.14 1145.69 466.39 122.87 275.53
1964 7.33 7.33 7.33 … … … 0.76 1.94 … … 2.56 5.10 3.98 4.68 4.14 5.25 4.66 1498.24 … … 1593.75 1210.07 … 558.44 1177.46 449.80 127.06 276.08
1965 7.11 7.11 7.11 … … … 0.80 2.06 … … 1.83 5.01 3.39 5.01 4.24 5.72 5.07 1752.54 … … 1621.32 1364.07 … 584.97 1351.44 485.64 121.85 278.66
1966 6.57 6.57 6.57 … … … 0.77 2.05 … … 2.50 4.48 3.57 4.22 3.67 4.58 4.41 1562.66 … … 1430.37 1137.52 … 606.62 1262.36 516.70 125.09 281.42
1967 6.36 6.36 6.36 … … … 0.77 2.19 … … 2.86 4.14 3.54 4.00 3.44 3.82 4.74 1561.73 … … 1354.02 1069.28 … 548.99 1037.61 473.23 125.62 258.90
1968 6.37 6.37 6.37 … … … 0.77 2.18 … … 3.48 4.19 3.60 3.61 3.27 3.54 4.03 1927.41 … … 1306.93 815.01 … 534.88 859.67 465.44 121.48 231.54
1969 5.82 5.82 5.82 … … … 0.78 2.07 … … 4.11 4.02 3.34 3.33 2.73 3.95 3.30 1655.35 … … 1519.07 829.88 … 489.12 903.43 433.77 117.15 239.58
1970 5.21 5.21 5.21 … 33.60 … 0.73 1.93 … … 2.91 4.94 3.94 3.60 2.70 4.27 3.82 1710.92 … … 1630.64 1120.18 … 503.63 1233.42 441.89 113.54 251.57
1971 6.92 6.92 6.92 … 35.55 … 0.74 2.06 … … 2.20 4.06 3.82 3.48 2.77 3.99 3.69 1497.16 … … 1804.72 1068.79 … 514.38 1244.13 418.81 116.25 239.20
1972 6.83 6.83 6.83 … 36.05 … 0.71 2.04 … … 2.42 4.17 3.74 2.94 2.63 3.14 3.04 878.85 … … 1599.29 815.76 … 525.67 903.34 487.50 112.89 209.34
1973 9.09 9.09 9.09 … 37.17 … 0.68 2.25 … … 3.66 4.45 3.56 2.55 2.14 2.80 2.71 1660.91 … … 1768.30 1222.34 … 940.00 1411.62 976.69 165.21 316.71
1974 29.16 29.16 29.16 … 44.87 … 0.77 4.60 … … 4.15 3.86 3.44 2.91 2.36 3.33 3.02 2650.33 … … 2861.02 1777.51 … 735.70 2210.86 489.73 172.51 348.63
1975 24.96 24.96 24.96 … 64.21 … 1.03 4.02 … … 2.98 3.45 3.22 2.73 2.11 3.47 2.62 941.32 … … 2051.30 1038.61 … 526.08 1347.60 370.79 141.09 286.19
1976 27.48 27.48 27.48 … 64.18 … 1.37 4.10 … … 4.83 7.44 6.65 2.81 2.19 3.35 2.87 988.99 … … 1684.55 960.71 … 546.29 1035.86 472.63 131.85 265.55
1977 27.47 27.47 27.47 … 62.70 … 1.73 3.92 6.06 43.70 8.29 11.30 10.78 4.27 3.71 4.52 4.59 1263.97 … … 1864.25 1158.72 … 612.49 1268.52 502.45 104.69 208.45
1978 24.30 24.30 24.30 … 54.66 … 1.70 4.33 5.71 45.15 6.40 6.75 6.12 2.65 1.40 3.53 3.02 1285.25 … … 2030.12 1129.34 … 504.79 1141.88 401.24 103.39 189.52
1979 52.22 54.15 50.28 … 52.09 … 1.99 5.50 6.23 54.51 5.55 6.45 6.16 2.54 1.32 3.55 2.75 1660.24 … 665.91 1498.63 1102.61 … 502.12 1116.69 409.83 110.03 194.81
1980 56.53 58.09 54.96 … 61.54 … 2.44 6.47 8.73 66.26 3.99 5.31 4.97 2.54 1.70 3.14 2.79 1033.10 1895.89 773.37 1316.61 894.90 … 454.17 916.23 402.33 119.94 192.05
1981 54.34 56.17 52.52 … 82.11 … 3.04 7.04 9.23 76.63 3.18 4.39 3.43 2.25 1.49 2.78 2.49 872.78 1925.63 715.91 1596.89 873.93 … 441.69 776.20 386.81 122.09 200.28
1982 51.53 52.75 50.13 51.72 86.45 … 3.89 7.02 9.55 87.11 2.74 4.87 3.83 2.44 1.81 2.91 2.59 733.05 1306.15 557.06 923.25 702.53 … 386.09 705.95 344.93 100.57 172.46
1983 48.09 48.37 46.58 49.32 61.92 … 4.20 6.57 8.99 88.36 3.44 4.72 4.43 3.40 3.01 4.09 3.10 1183.44 1565.22 733.83 1152.70 813.03 … 456.57 854.31 385.63 114.94 220.54
1984 47.35 47.75 45.58 48.71 51.33 54.50 4.40 6.23 8.68 88.97 3.97 5.29 5.03 4.55 4.15 4.83 4.66 1914.21 1386.99 618.68 1685.55 1208.35 … 467.67 1200.33 326.89 130.52 225.38
1985 45.54 45.79 44.33 46.51 56.54 58.50 4.21 6.12 8.76 86.09 3.78 5.41 4.44 2.93 2.44 3.69 2.66 988.76 1132.14 469.25 1516.09 838.67 … 375.99 958.32 263.32 98.54 188.03
1986 20.90 21.52 19.22 21.97 45.34 44.24 2.82 5.32 5.97 63.55 3.01 6.25 4.73 2.42 1.61 3.15 2.49 431.90 1447.30 466.98 829.44 374.36 … 303.59 498.78 269.12 69.28 127.54
1987 24.12 24.38 22.51 25.47 36.55 35.22 2.21 3.44 4.45 46.22 2.65 3.33 2.99 2.19 1.79 3.05 1.74 587.86 1008.24 509.66 664.29 455.38 … 286.79 444.30 270.17 73.11 100.62
1988 18.37 18.69 16.50 19.93 43.53 35.08 2.10 2.95 4.17 42.32 1.98 3.79 2.60 1.97 1.70 2.51 1.70 705.04 1168.04 679.56 736.87 545.69 … 378.84 578.45 333.90 87.79 133.42
1989 22.40 22.88 19.72 24.61 47.72 38.93 2.13 2.62 4.12 41.14 1.56 3.00 2.08 2.29 1.92 3.05 1.91 649.02 1026.58 512.87 972.90 440.04 … 345.33 541.86 310.90 94.35 140.05
1990 27.67 28.64 24.74 29.62 47.96 39.75 2.05 3.41 4.40 44.13 1.53 2.38 1.43 2.49 2.27 3.40 1.80 406.89 1602.78 498.39 1165.26 350.36 … 298.37 540.91 242.04 96.64 132.14
1991 23.65 24.50 20.22 26.23 48.43 38.46 1.82 3.80 4.87 43.42 1.46 2.29 1.31 2.04 1.75 2.64 1.74 528.69 1511.40 583.44 1092.59 413.92 … 292.53 554.13 240.64 95.59 131.16
1992 22.81 23.16 20.61 24.66 46.24 34.57 2.12 3.07 4.31 43.30 1.32 1.69 1.13 1.92 1.73 2.03 2.01 692.55 958.19 577.34 731.31 471.82 … 282.37 514.29 245.10 94.33 125.00
1993 19.52 19.72 17.31 21.51 36.31 31.24 2.46 3.10 4.06 47.31 1.29 1.81 1.34 1.87 1.67 2.14 1.80 521.73 1265.52 422.65 856.41 437.72 … 295.58 556.68 241.21 82.71 118.30
1994 18.98 18.91 17.52 20.51 38.59 34.12 2.29 2.92 3.80 44.31 1.67 3.95 3.13 1.78 1.59 1.88 1.88 725.81 1140.74 449.62 1221.92 631.32 … 300.88 735.46 229.89 86.80 128.49
1995 18.70 18.57 17.54 19.99 42.84 38.33 1.87 2.97 3.75 39.41 1.56 3.63 3.01 1.62 1.55 1.90 1.42 728.60 990.12 538.63 1078.26 683.62 … 282.10 680.18 214.27 113.18 134.37
1996 22.64 22.89 20.55 24.47 42.21 37.16 3.03 3.15 4.07 54.55 1.61 2.99 2.00 1.84 2.09 1.85 1.58 833.24 1066.52 649.67 994.73 588.60 807.10 337.95 611.42 296.56 132.67 183.82
1997 22.32 22.22 21.07 23.66 40.86 36.49 2.89 3.19 4.55 53.32 1.88 4.85 2.02 2.40 2.35 2.50 2.35 764.65 1150.66 705.76 1176.27 635.43 758.83 343.91 657.45 321.01 113.20 136.31
1998 15.89 15.47 14.75 17.46 35.56 32.65 2.54 2.94 3.67 47.29 2.04 3.63 2.22 2.49 2.52 2.63 2.31 800.39 1202.86 805.25 1106.35 816.40 835.36 295.92 761.46 207.22 103.47 124.07
1999 22.42 22.09 21.30 23.87 32.12 30.12 2.81 2.64 3.89 49.36 1.41 2.84 1.85 2.28 2.05 2.57 2.23 914.50 1071.51 506.05 1033.30 540.94 861.15 250.21 529.12 204.92 94.22 111.93
2000 35.46 35.52 32.77 38.11 32.98 33.38 5.41 4.85 5.92 92.78 1.14 2.41 1.15 2.36 2.25 2.27 2.55 565.75 1093.82 512.41 950.71 389.76 557.16 266.12 424.80 255.90 97.03 111.22
2001 31.79 31.88 29.65 33.84 42.18 44.21 5.16 5.30 6.05 91.99 1.40 1.79 0.79 2.09 2.11 2.17 1.98 415.25 1131.10 607.47 991.17 375.27 398.57 255.66 461.14 267.15 122.63 117.02
2002 32.93 32.98 31.34 34.47 33.43 34.38 4.43 4.03 5.66 76.82 2.35 1.79 0.87 1.99 2.06 1.93 1.97 556.14 955.54 843.90 950.37 542.79 544.93 280.93 609.92 258.53 143.95 131.14
2003 36.31 36.25 33.59 39.08 32.78 37.98 6.90 4.91 5.94 111.14 2.20 1.78 1.02 1.91 1.94 1.84 1.94 587.10 1252.75 804.44 1519.41 598.87 574.17 331.66 701.74 292.26 131.58 132.37
2004 44.39 45.06 39.36 48.76 62.29 64.33 6.94 5.03 6.03 112.23 1.82 2.09 0.93 1.98 2.10 2.03 1.83 777.35 1162.52 763.04 1519.56 587.39 773.47 360.59 727.32 305.75 116.46 131.53
2005 60.88 62.07 56.21 64.36 54.30 52.68 10.17 7.21 6.83 162.37 1.75 2.89 1.27 1.88 2.10 1.85 1.68 703.51 996.83 771.49 1335.21 513.76 719.29 313.21 620.97 269.97 108.41 112.51
2006 71.51 72.74 68.33 73.46 54.60 56.39 7.47 9.42 7.87 140.89 1.77 2.81 1.66 2.08 2.12 1.95 2.17 675.09 973.60 840.21 1134.01 565.41 643.57 298.83 666.67 252.91 129.72 135.54
2007 74.55 76.20 71.67 75.77 68.90 65.67 7.32 8.97 8.05 136.96 2.05 2.86 2.00 2.13 2.64 2.01 1.75 963.18 1307.71 1222.74 1441.45 856.07 931.24 401.58 928.78 337.46 180.69 171.56
2008 94.35 94.98 91.22 96.85 123.64 117.31 8.62 13.04 12.19 174.88 2.51 3.00 2.26 2.35 2.71 2.19 2.16 1190.66 1557.39 1170.75 2086.32 1014.52 1094.24 507.66 1226.47 430.10 195.05 217.04
2009 64.00 64.11 63.99 63.89 74.45 67.03 4.09 9.03 9.26 98.89 2.99 3.29 1.70 2.82 3.25 2.61 2.61 751.68 1171.00 1234.30 1401.65 768.03 724.37 438.99 884.01 438.94 132.98 171.51
2010 79.04 79.64 78.06 79.43 98.97 91.62 4.39 8.29 10.85 100.00 3.13 4.32 1.74 2.88 3.29 2.81 2.56 1123.58 1240.66 1138.96 1400.99 933.02 1187.41 447.10 1000.86 398.35 158.39 185.91
2011 93.70 99.95 95.53 85.63 109.41 104.77 3.60 9.47 13.20 97.72 2.68 5.38 2.17 2.63 2.94 2.50 2.45 1558.63 1697.14 1299.15 1681.16 1075.11 1489.77 484.25 1169.06 368.17 186.66 262.78
2012 95.29 101.60 98.82 85.44 87.44 84.32 2.50 10.41 15.02 90.00 2.17 3.73 2.06 2.63 2.78 2.50 2.61 1008.02 2216.71 1386.36 2140.71 946.82 1004.88 540.39 1112.16 482.48 218.04 270.80
2013 94.87 99.23 96.11 89.28 77.08 73.14 3.39 10.74 14.54 102.15 2.22 2.80 1.89 2.61 3.15 2.49 2.19 856.40 1380.40 1596.00 1659.64 793.73 817.61 502.63 962.07 495.41 185.06 236.45
2014 88.94 91.44 89.33 86.06 64.82 66.86 4.04 9.29 14.82 103.24 2.83 4.09 2.05 2.51 3.27 2.39 1.89 1184.03 1162.96 1553.28 1289.27 774.00 1034.84 448.11 837.31 482.87 134.85 178.26
2015 51.84 53.49 52.28 49.75 60.20 57.92 2.67 6.97 11.17 73.11 3.20 3.60 1.98 2.84 3.04 2.44 3.03 1127.18 1332.86 1587.52 1407.52 677.62 922.73 400.53 771.84 397.81 123.93 173.39
2016 45.54 46.86 43.83 45.94 70.34 68.03 2.65 4.85 7.84 60.59 3.08 3.84 2.08 2.86 3.51 2.48 2.58 1576.36 1481.77 1585.78 1468.76 782.66 1384.38 431.33 867.02 398.58 110.55 169.32
674649609.xlsx, Annual Prices (Real), 06/23/2023, 10:17:54 p 11 of 27

Coal, Natural Liquefied
Crude oil, Crude oil, Crude oil, Crude oil, Coal, South Natural gas, natural Natural gas Coffee, Coffee, Tea, avg 3 Tea, Tea, Tea, Coconut Groundnut Palm Soybean Soybean
average Brent Dubai WTI Australian Afican gas, US Europe gas, Japan index Cocoa Arabica Robusta auctions Colombo Kolkata Mombasa oil Groundnuts Fish meal oil Palm oil kernel oil Soybeans oil meal Barley Maize
2017 54.27 55.90 54.59 52.32 90.97 87.51 3.04 5.88 8.84 70.88 2.09 3.42 2.29 3.24 4.16 2.49 3.05 1696.45 1527.94 1404.90 1501.33 771.65 1324.22 404.29 873.99 359.96 100.35 158.82
2018 67.07 69.75 67.86 63.61 105.03 95.82 3.10 7.54 10.47 80.59 2.25 2.87 1.83 2.79 3.54 2.31 2.53 978.18 1295.26 1496.67 1419.09 626.75 909.20 387.07 774.40 397.67 123.54 161.35
2019 61.72 64.35 63.49 57.30 78.28 72.30 2.58 4.83 10.62 61.45 2.35 2.89 1.63 2.58 3.12 2.39 2.22 739.35 1344.53 1455.27 1414.45 604.39 668.73 370.80 769.29 348.77 128.71 170.92
2020 42.14 43.21 43.07 40.15 62.09 67.07 2.06 3.31 8.49 46.48 2.42 3.39 1.55 2.76 3.48 2.74 2.05 1032.08 1878.11 1463.43 1734.23 767.89 841.75 415.36 855.73 402.63 99.69 169.02
2021 63.14 64.39 62.89 62.12 126.19 109.54 3.52 14.73 9.84 119.45 2.22 4.12 1.81 2.46 2.86 2.59 1.93 1495.72 1421.42 1353.65 1896.79 1033.43 1401.35 533.20 1266.37 439.65 .. 237.24
2022 87.95 90.42 87.91 85.54 312.40 217.90 5.77 36.54 16.69 255.07 2.17 5.10 2.07 2.76 3.51 2.57 2.22 1480.65 1420.40 1445.26 1995.07 1155.79 1464.43 611.77 1509.78 496.25 .. 288.77

Rice, Viet Tobacco,

Sorghum 5% 25% A.1 5% SRW HRW Europe US Orange Beef Chicken Lamb Mexican Sugar, EU Sugar, US world u.v. Cameroon Malaysian Cameroon Malaysian Plywood Index TSR20 ** RSS3 rock DAP
1960 191.06 560.78 … … … … 302.95 … 0.75 0.68 3.85 1.57 … 8.39 0.64 0.66 0.35 9073.26 … 166.85 … 779.28 … 3.42 … 4.08 67.91 ..
1961 212.23 609.53 … … … … 300.31 … 0.69 0.68 3.49 1.60 … 8.68 0.64 0.64 0.30 8010.13 … 169.41 … 778.76 … 3.44 … 3.08 66.61 ..
1962 224.86 678.72 … … … … 323.62 … 0.66 0.54 3.59 1.61 … 11.33 0.64 0.65 0.31 7067.14 … 183.05 … 805.16 … 3.27 … 2.84 57.85 ..
1963 245.14 643.93 … … … … 330.44 … 0.74 0.48 3.41 1.68 … 10.23 0.65 0.85 0.94 6884.95 … 181.84 … 808.85 … 3.31 … 2.67 58.93 ..
1964 243.76 607.16 … … … … 341.25 … 0.86 0.42 4.25 1.71 … 9.16 0.64 0.70 0.64 7521.12 … 152.89 … 731.92 … 3.29 … 2.48 63.17 ..
1965 239.91 594.58 … … … … 297.63 … 0.80 0.48 4.41 1.75 … 9.95 0.62 0.68 0.22 6333.82 … 175.31 … 784.58 … 3.19 … 2.53 70.07 ..
1966 234.49 700.95 … … … … 303.90 … 0.74 0.41 4.94 1.76 … 11.17 0.63 0.68 0.19 7633.14 … 177.77 … 777.64 … 3.01 … 2.28 62.76 ..
1967 248.35 906.21 … … … … 314.44 … 0.76 0.76 4.98 1.78 … 10.97 0.62 0.70 0.20 6218.18 … 188.20 … 798.60 … 3.24 … 1.87 57.42 327.79
1968 253.76 882.99 … … … … 303.02 … 0.74 0.81 5.24 1.85 … 12.45 0.54 0.74 0.20 5814.42 … 193.33 … 813.58 … 3.30 … 1.84 55.51 292.06
1969 246.32 771.49 … … … … 267.57 … 0.73 0.78 5.60 1.84 … 13.13 0.51 0.72 0.32 5097.01 … 178.20 … 760.20 … 2.87 … 2.30 51.55 265.76
1970 223.14 544.09 … … … … 236.50 … 0.72 0.72 5.62 1.81 … 11.78 0.48 0.71 0.35 4634.92 185.19 185.80 753.84 755.59 … 2.91 … 1.75 47.38 232.61
1971 228.43 456.85 … … … … 252.83 … 0.57 0.63 5.51 1.80 3.26 13.54 0.47 0.72 0.41 4270.58 181.98 177.21 … 719.75 … 3.21 … 1.36 46.08 252.92
1972 211.16 486.05 … … … … 262.13 … 0.51 0.58 5.56 1.77 4.01 15.48 0.56 0.71 0.60 4031.30 197.05 154.38 … 641.80 … 3.11 … 1.25 43.18 341.69
1973 302.37 937.56 … … … … 452.66 … 0.47 0.53 6.51 1.71 4.50 16.20 0.48 0.73 0.68 3652.14 432.13 220.25 … 723.71 … 4.50 … 2.20 44.52 384.47
1974 321.31 1373.98 … … … … 477.43 … 0.49 0.49 4.20 1.48 3.78 12.36 0.62 1.73 1.74 3937.50 319.95 216.96 … 655.78 … 3.88 … 2.00 144.85 883.69
1975 267.62 816.76 … … … … 356.57 … 0.52 0.55 3.17 1.39 3.53 14.08 0.81 1.19 1.08 4406.37 302.78 161.50 … 534.50 … 2.93 … 1.34 160.67 580.10
1976 248.64 554.59 … … … … 314.11 … 0.61 0.51 3.74 1.44 3.70 19.64 0.70 0.69 0.60 5167.59 336.37 217.45 … 622.81 … 4.13 … 1.83 84.68 283.38
1977 193.18 551.40 … … … … 225.65 … 0.60 0.56 3.29 1.42 3.72 17.30 0.68 0.53 0.39 4927.44 347.10 202.37 … 579.30 … 3.56 … 1.78 135.08 293.13
1978 176.53 650.25 … … … … 240.31 … 0.54 0.56 4.02 1.31 4.13 15.18 0.66 0.58 0.32 4266.58 359.84 183.15 … 512.22 … 3.02 … 1.85 58.85 263.05
1979 182.31 527.95 … … … 263.60 270.32 … 0.55 0.67 4.86 1.25 4.00 20.19 0.72 0.58 0.36 3953.60 356.71 286.75 … 617.10 442.67 2.88 … 2.13 59.83 326.03
1980 197.57 629.74 … … … 258.04 264.82 … 0.58 0.61 4.23 1.16 4.41 15.55 0.75 1.02 0.97 3489.28 385.89 299.76 607.14 607.44 419.76 3.16 … 2.18 68.48 340.68
1981 193.53 702.91 … … … 236.74 267.94 … 0.61 0.62 3.79 1.19 4.19 15.56 0.64 0.67 0.57 3555.48 325.87 236.70 … 535.09 374.73 2.87 … 1.72 74.98 272.02
1982 171.31 430.09 … … … 209.22 253.11 … 0.59 0.61 3.77 1.20 3.75 20.97 0.63 0.69 0.29 4047.04 277.67 231.17 … 535.69 366.90 2.52 … 1.35 67.81 263.01
1983 208.77 416.39 … … … 222.63 255.24 … 0.70 0.61 3.96 1.25 3.13 21.42 0.63 0.79 0.30 4307.41 260.67 223.28 … 532.05 372.62 3.01 … 1.73 64.54 274.16
1984 195.95 385.46 … … … 232.49 252.56 … 0.61 0.58 3.77 1.45 3.19 19.46 0.60 0.79 0.19 4619.50 291.20 259.90 … 582.99 376.31 2.96 … 1.59 54.82 291.17
1985 172.58 329.93 … … … 215.56 227.57 … 0.63 0.67 3.61 1.40 3.09 17.58 0.59 0.75 0.15 4375.81 291.32 203.95 514.34 514.57 353.30 2.21 … 1.27 60.31 263.32
1986 120.05 271.29 151.67 151.86 … 172.45 167.39 … 0.56 0.57 3.05 1.35 3.14 18.77 0.60 0.67 0.19 3873.49 322.86 201.86 … 479.74 398.71 1.54 … 1.17 52.44 201.26
1987 96.72 285.27 253.89 204.59 … 149.01 150.07 … 0.52 0.61 3.17 1.21 2.87 15.21 0.63 0.64 0.20 3649.53 344.16 268.21 … 533.42 530.91 2.19 … 1.31 45.39 212.68
1988 122.90 346.35 … 274.30 … 175.65 181.24 … 0.60 0.57 3.14 1.25 3.01 15.53 0.66 0.61 0.28 3080.51 338.67 250.72 … 502.20 447.91 1.75 … 1.48 39.44 224.89
1989 133.03 375.68 … 274.49 … 202.51 212.52 … 0.69 0.56 3.23 1.38 2.91 14.01 0.63 0.63 0.35 3977.71 343.78 239.33 … 609.39 439.92 2.10 … 1.22 38.93 195.01
1990 125.68 327.51 … 188.84 … 156.09 163.87 … 0.65 0.64 3.10 1.31 3.21 13.05 0.71 0.62 0.33 4101.80 415.31 214.26 644.50 644.60 429.10 2.20 … 1.05 37.84 187.03
1991 128.34 358.09 292.43 218.76 … 153.98 157.10 … 0.68 0.64 3.25 1.29 2.85 14.10 0.75 0.58 0.24 4273.59 385.89 233.80 … 674.63 454.67 2.05 … 1.01 38.46 193.22
1992 123.20 321.61 273.78 213.33 … 174.03 181.29 … 0.57 0.59 2.94 1.27 3.18 13.13 0.75 0.56 0.24 4124.15 397.22 251.21 … 728.08 456.55 1.53 … 1.03 37.77 165.32
1993 114.75 272.78 234.55 182.60 … 156.17 162.50 … 0.51 0.50 3.03 1.40 3.37 13.20 0.72 0.55 0.26 3123.22 359.58 451.69 … 878.62 766.43 1.48 … 0.96 36.50 141.36
1994 124.10 319.70 274.69 217.80 … 165.54 178.89 … 0.53 0.49 2.79 1.46 3.55 15.62 0.74 0.58 0.32 3156.11 394.58 367.44 … 980.93 718.24 2.11 … 1.35 38.03 191.67
1995 129.46 349.25 323.90 286.04 … 182.11 192.58 … 0.48 0.58 2.03 1.33 2.85 14.73 0.75 0.55 0.32 2876.43 369.43 278.15 648.68 805.17 635.95 2.32 … 1.72 35.55 217.38
1996 166.33 375.69 317.17 257.99 … 207.78 230.16 … 0.52 0.55 1.94 1.52 3.65 14.54 0.76 0.55 0.29 3387.33 315.21 279.49 568.08 821.89 587.06 1.97 … 1.55 36.62 219.63
1997 127.62 353.33 299.28 244.91 … 167.23 185.66 1.13 0.60 0.53 2.15 1.57 3.95 17.19 0.73 0.56 0.29 4111.23 331.49 277.36 656.08 773.60 564.56 2.03 … 1.18 37.83 217.68
1998 119.27 370.02 316.13 259.15 … 135.66 153.44 1.22 0.60 0.54 2.09 1.69 3.35 17.32 0.73 0.59 0.24 4058.54 348.42 197.60 640.30 588.99 457.49 1.76 … 0.88 39.54 227.33
1999 104.70 308.21 268.35 238.98 … 119.45 139.01 1.06 0.46 0.54 2.25 1.64 3.24 15.32 0.73 0.58 0.17 3773.18 334.09 232.15 564.73 745.43 546.59 1.45 0.73 0.78 53.10 212.28
2000 110.56 254.27 217.10 180.24 … 124.26 143.33 0.90 0.53 0.46 2.42 1.65 3.29 17.61 0.70 0.54 0.23 3738.96 346.01 238.63 614.39 747.11 563.12 1.64 0.79 0.84 55.28 185.51
2001 124.33 225.64 199.82 175.07 … 140.63 165.55 1.01 0.76 0.78 2.75 1.83 3.80 17.86 0.69 0.61 0.25 3922.47 347.33 207.64 616.10 628.40 535.00 1.38 0.67 0.75 57.44 187.35
2002 134.40 253.47 231.14 198.39 … 171.67 195.61 1.00 0.70 0.75 2.79 1.84 4.36 13.72 0.73 0.61 0.20 3625.46 311.79 215.86 642.46 695.92 532.01 1.35 0.99 1.01 58.12 201.05
2003 133.84 248.26 228.29 190.28 … 174.09 183.60 0.99 0.47 0.86 2.67 1.83 4.88 13.54 0.75 0.60 0.20 3324.25 351.11 235.13 693.00 692.20 542.56 1.76 1.26 1.36 55.28 215.66
2004 129.15 279.61 265.21 241.34 266.26 169.93 184.57 1.05 0.62 1.01 3.14 1.96 5.41 11.90 0.79 0.53 0.19 3223.78 389.77 232.07 689.88 683.87 546.85 1.61 1.42 1.51 51.76 240.88
2005 109.71 326.42 302.60 248.37 … 154.75 173.72 1.34 0.69 1.00 3.12 1.86 5.06 11.07 0.76 0.54 0.25 3180.90 381.26 231.61 637.56 751.86 579.94 1.39 1.58 1.70 50.17 258.59
2006 136.75 339.13 308.26 244.17 … 176.83 213.62 1.00 0.75 0.92 2.95 1.70 4.49 10.68 0.72 0.54 0.36 3302.78 354.26 266.33 692.84 833.53 662.47 1.41 2.16 2.31 48.94 255.70
2007 170.54 342.17 321.28 285.45 … 250.09 267.51 1.09 0.71 1.00 2.83 1.81 4.32 10.15 0.71 0.48 0.23 3474.90 399.71 280.90 796.48 845.17 671.61 1.46 2.26 2.37 54.53 410.86
2008 202.17 632.48 … 469.14 … 264.12 317.15 1.16 0.82 1.08 3.15 1.81 4.46 10.23 0.68 0.46 0.27 3490.99 512.54 284.34 932.18 864.88 627.87 1.53 2.46 2.52 236.13 838.15
2009 156.53 575.12 474.68 338.20 … 192.70 232.20 1.19 0.88 0.94 2.83 1.96 4.43 9.24 0.54 0.57 0.41 4388.81 436.76 297.62 776.08 834.74 585.10 1.43 1.87 1.99 230.83 298.93
2010 165.40 488.91 441.51 383.66 429.19 229.68 223.58 1.00 0.87 1.03 3.42 1.89 5.95 10.64 0.44 0.79 0.47 4333.23 428.56 278.17 812.69 848.27 569.09 2.28 3.38 3.65 105.31 456.43
2011 242.12 489.22 455.89 413.12 462.74 257.58 284.92 1.01 0.87 0.80 3.67 1.74 8.59 10.91 0.41 0.76 0.52 4040.59 436.77 351.81 743.92 846.35 547.33 3.00 4.07 4.35 147.34 465.12
2012 246.76 510.87 493.46 476.47 394.23 268.03 284.25 1.00 0.89 0.79 3.82 1.89 7.76 10.40 0.38 0.58 0.43 3904.13 409.61 327.14 689.04 795.23 553.85 1.79 2.86 3.06 167.81 435.79
2013 221.77 461.16 431.14 432.08 357.70 252.26 284.64 0.93 0.84 0.88 3.76 1.98 6.31 12.92 0.40 0.41 0.36 4183.06 422.54 278.43 682.93 777.39 510.70 1.82 2.29 2.55 115.15 374.63
2014 194.45 390.79 353.20 392.93 376.35 226.63 263.30 0.96 0.86 0.72 4.67 2.15 7.38 16.45 0.40 0.49 0.35 4612.54 429.91 260.67 729.62 829.89 478.12 1.69 1.58 1.80 102.09 397.03
2015 205.96 394.28 380.58 394.31 359.38 210.80 208.83 0.92 0.98 0.69 4.66 2.03 7.66 13.50 0.37 0.56 0.30 5013.58 396.91 251.29 748.29 851.12 460.93 1.59 1.40 1.61 122.90 425.56
2016 165.52 421.45 409.93 404.61 378.83 187.56 177.27 0.96 1.07 0.95 4.32 1.97 7.78 11.93 0.38 0.65 0.42 5096.27 412.13 291.89 691.07 786.04 535.39 1.74 1.47 1.71 117.51 335.97

Rice, Viet Tobacco,
Sorghum 5% 25% A.1 5% SRW HRW Europe US Orange Beef Chicken Lamb Mexican Sugar, EU Sugar, US world u.v. Cameroon Malaysian Cameroon Malaysian Plywood Index TSR20 ** RSS3 rock DAP
2017 167.55 409.99 395.34 390.44 373.33 183.13 179.03 0.92 1.11 0.83 4.51 2.18 8.48 13.69 0.38 0.63 0.36 4755.77 406.19 272.79 634.41 721.59 500.37 1.89 1.71 2.05 92.18 331.99
2018 165.45 412.82 400.47 393.59 398.57 200.09 206.01 0.93 1.13 0.78 4.12 2.20 7.71 12.01 0.38 0.55 0.27 4775.23 405.84 264.68 628.06 714.37 485.47 1.98 1.34 1.54 86.26 386.09
2019 162.32 420.10 412.48 395.47 353.65 212.34 202.71 0.88 1.15 0.56 4.79 2.01 8.14 12.66 0.37 0.58 0.28 4602.37 393.88 274.48 614.88 699.38 503.45 1.73 1.42 1.65 88.40 307.89
2020 175.25 507.41 492.17 484.80 437.14 232.62 236.53 0.92 1.24 0.62 4.77 1.67 8.00 12.94 0.38 0.61 0.29 4429.30 408.03 284.92 628.36 714.72 522.61 1.62 1.36 1.77 77.68 319.13
2021 .. 418.88 409.73 398.62 408.00 257.46 288.15 0.84 1.10 0.60 4.92 2.06 10.56 12.52 0.35 0.68 0.36 3797.75 378.63 248.04 602.69 685.51 454.95 2.04 1.54 1.89 112.63 549.33
2022 .. 395.61 389.19 378.38 366.42 345.94 389.47 0.85 1.35 0.83 5.24 3.03 10.82 12.24 0.31 0.71 0.37 3867.63 334.19 206.51 537.15 610.97 378.79 2.59 1.40 1.64 241.08 699.42

Potassium Iron ore,

TSP Urea chloride ** Aluminum cfr spot Copper Lead Tin Nickel Zinc Gold Platinum Silver MUV Index
($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/dmtu) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/troy oz) ($/troy oz) ($/troy oz) (2010=100)
1960 276.87 220.71 148.88 2671.88 59.66 3545.76 1038.78 11475.54 8520.20 1286.08 184.25 436.20 4.77 19.14
1961 266.46 216.50 153.73 2620.89 56.47 3244.06 906.86 12553.78 8767.54 1098.16 180.63 427.87 4.74 19.52
1962 256.55 212.53 150.91 2505.42 55.38 3245.30 781.13 12431.93 8858.45 935.27 177.22 420.03 5.45 19.88
1963 266.46 216.50 153.73 2555.94 56.47 3309.99 895.76 12850.18 8924.68 1083.82 179.81 414.71 6.55 19.52
1964 267.84 305.74 164.24 2658.07 51.75 4900.64 1404.28 17246.28 8801.51 1649.92 177.38 447.14 6.53 19.79
1965 270.29 329.10 147.66 2703.55 53.37 6471.13 1587.57 19474.72 8684.28 1557.91 175.79 490.73 6.47 19.98
1966 241.37 286.02 132.75 2607.42 45.96 7393.18 1258.25 17250.65 8394.80 1357.01 169.59 481.39 6.24 20.72
1967 215.34 235.68 122.03 2584.70 42.40 5430.24 1089.50 15829.93 9262.93 1307.98 167.25 527.57 7.41 20.90
1968 181.03 171.37 115.86 2669.50 42.34 5995.37 1160.94 15094.63 10014.38 1269.08 187.91 565.81 10.35 20.72
1969 179.85 121.88 100.81 2696.32 45.09 6723.45 1328.30 15704.80 10829.26 1312.34 188.25 569.04 8.20 21.82
1970 183.07 78.61 135.69 2645.62 42.39 6098.32 1304.82 15823.87 12260.38 1274.27 154.82 570.76 7.63 23.21
1971 177.15 65.53 133.12 2572.02 42.31 4429.38 1038.82 14384.67 12009.59 1266.79 167.13 503.97 6.33 24.41
1972 253.45 109.83 125.79 2215.71 38.79 3971.35 1132.66 14042.75 11564.37 1418.15 218.38 477.33 6.33 26.63
1973 322.15 209.64 137.60 1939.69 33.44 5780.37 1391.16 15547.84 10920.92 2736.89 315.11 492.72 8.28 30.89
1974 806.55 759.17 160.73 2031.94 35.55 5468.92 1573.48 21743.57 10162.74 3293.27 423.07 491.44 12.51 37.64
1975 484.42 401.89 194.56 2077.46 41.38 2953.75 984.80 16450.02 10935.46 1782.57 385.21 406.37 10.57 41.80
1976 214.85 193.78 131.16 2103.06 53.69 3310.22 1054.96 17925.96 11752.26 1681.20 294.96 377.27 10.29 42.32
1977 214.06 264.01 120.88 2500.60 50.41 2861.14 1351.05 23620.26 11189.13 1289.11 322.94 346.12 10.14 45.74
1978 184.44 255.91 111.01 2492.43 40.35 2567.52 1245.19 24220.77 8670.89 1117.27 363.52 490.33 10.19 53.16
1979 246.59 258.02 128.96 2703.04 39.63 3347.90 2037.57 26050.19 10094.67 1250.73 517.16 746.73 18.72 59.30
1980 276.35 307.50 163.28 2721.24 43.07 3345.52 1388.67 25718.74 9994.23 1167.07 931.96 1041.18 31.90 65.22
1981 247.07 279.48 168.71 1933.77 43.02 2667.66 1112.92 21683.58 9116.68 1295.05 704.08 685.28 16.12 65.30
1982 218.48 195.66 131.40 1565.12 51.30 2336.78 861.19 20244.67 7635.66 1175.59 593.17 518.19 12.52 63.35
1983 218.35 185.72 120.66 2332.32 47.02 2581.20 689.66 21059.10 7576.63 1239.31 685.10 686.36 18.53 61.67
1984 217.60 248.96 139.47 2074.59 43.35 2283.48 733.81 20282.13 7878.77 1528.49 597.64 593.22 13.50 60.32
1985 203.35 187.02 139.41 1743.62 44.50 2374.67 654.84 19332.39 8207.80 1312.57 532.62 490.05 10.25 59.69
1986 176.50 103.06 106.27 1675.05 38.25 2001.12 591.51 8974.95 5653.61 1098.36 535.60 677.40 7.92 68.65
1987 183.44 109.66 89.45 2080.76 33.63 2369.40 793.35 8859.25 6476.41 1061.80 593.47 738.70 9.32 75.23
1988 197.69 141.73 108.39 3183.57 30.33 3247.50 819.12 8802.09 17198.57 1549.69 545.54 661.99 8.15 80.11
1989 180.83 129.29 123.48 2450.31 34.95 3576.92 845.72 10717.19 16711.86 2083.01 478.99 639.99 6.92 79.63
1990 159.40 139.84 114.43 1982.40 39.30 3218.24 980.10 7358.38 10718.38 1830.06 463.68 570.24 5.84 82.67
1991 162.54 168.98 129.95 1589.97 42.44 2855.66 680.85 6831.55 9958.02 1363.85 442.23 458.87 4.95 81.91
1992 144.77 141.01 134.00 1503.94 39.69 2735.20 649.12 7315.38 8394.76 1486.54 412.15 431.28 4.73 83.44
1993 129.72 99.12 130.41 1319.87 33.71 2216.77 470.87 5980.47 6133.74 1114.70 416.88 433.40 4.99 86.32
1994 157.83 112.17 134.41 1764.38 31.62 2756.77 654.44 6527.90 7574.46 1192.03 458.80 484.18 6.31 83.73
1995 162.82 138.04 122.42 1964.81 30.88 3194.35 686.56 6761.49 8953.25 1122.00 418.02 461.74 5.66 91.92
1996 194.93 170.39 124.72 1669.25 33.26 2544.19 858.45 6834.89 8315.76 1136.52 429.82 440.26 5.77 90.17
1997 200.13 136.78 130.97 1861.85 35.10 2650.49 726.63 6573.65 8064.48 1532.16 385.44 459.74 5.71 85.92
1998 210.52 101.24 136.86 1651.42 37.71 2012.24 643.12 6740.06 5632.02 1246.31 357.86 452.89 6.75 82.17
1999 191.68 81.81 139.58 1688.70 34.23 1951.44 623.59 6704.24 7458.10 1335.41 345.87 467.68 6.47 80.59
2000 173.00 126.79 141.33 1946.16 36.17 2278.23 570.28 6828.78 10851.43 1417.25 350.54 684.21 6.22 79.56
2001 165.63 125.92 146.87 1884.64 39.20 2060.43 621.62 5854.36 7760.74 1156.35 353.77 691.29 5.71 76.58
2002 175.78 124.73 148.61 1783.24 38.72 2060.08 598.00 5363.94 8945.51 1028.73 409.47 712.70 6.08 75.68
2003 187.60 173.60 141.33 1798.11 40.14 2235.11 647.02 6149.37 12097.32 1039.82 456.67 868.99 6.13 79.62
2004 219.19 205.78 147.71 2018.28 44.59 3371.63 1042.99 10014.98 16262.64 1232.65 481.43 994.53 7.83 85.03
2005 229.74 247.84 176.74 2164.55 74.12 4194.84 1113.30 8414.86 16811.81 1575.04 507.23 1022.27 8.33 87.70
2006 224.29 247.10 198.37 2858.62 77.12 7477.35 1434.62 9767.33 26979.32 3643.26 672.23 1268.94 12.86 89.93
2007 355.40 321.92 204.84 2765.39 128.92 7461.45 2704.39 15237.77 39024.95 3398.70 730.31 1367.86 14.04 95.43
2008 855.43 500.95 443.55 2502.71 151.74 6766.42 2033.72 18005.93 20535.65 1823.65 847.96 1531.61 14.59 102.83
2009 266.75 260.19 578.73 1725.21 82.88 5336.52 1781.62 14066.19 15186.14 1715.14 1008.25 1247.05 15.17 96.46
2010 381.89 288.90 332.15 2173.12 145.86 7534.78 2148.45 20405.62 21808.85 2160.74 1224.66 1609.75 20.15 100.00
2011 484.92 359.39 353.89 2163.41 151.13 7953.32 2162.89 23471.78 20639.96 1976.49 1413.70 1549.08 31.73 111.04
2012 419.24 361.71 422.30 1836.01 116.60 7225.36 1873.54 19170.59 15923.36 1769.89 1514.99 1407.29 28.26 110.23
2013 347.08 309.58 360.07 1683.38 123.39 6683.77 1950.58 20312.49 13702.64 1741.35 1286.66 1355.10 21.74 109.75
2014 353.05 285.06 274.15 1725.90 89.60 6343.25 1936.65 20239.25 15613.10 1997.20 1169.66 1278.72 17.63 108.25
2015 385.70 283.90 302.42 1700.39 57.05 5628.66 1826.17 16411.27 12117.09 1973.11 1185.56 1075.80 16.06 97.87
2016 308.80 206.52 276.95 1706.58 62.15 5178.61 1985.80 19078.47 10207.64 2223.38 1328.71 1050.09 18.24 94.03

Potassium Iron ore,
TSP Urea chloride ** Aluminum cfr spot Copper Lead Tin Nickel Zinc Gold Platinum Silver MUV Index
($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/dmtu) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/mt) ($/troy oz) ($/troy oz) ($/troy oz) (2010=100)
2017 291.06 219.81 224.28 2022.26 73.75 6341.15 2378.90 20617.85 10698.49 2971.09 1292.46 974.77 17.54 97.29
2018 340.27 244.80 211.48 2069.16 68.45 6408.05 2198.66 19769.58 12869.54 2867.89 1245.56 863.15 15.42 101.86
2019 296.03 246.51 256.78 1803.51 94.32 6040.35 2006.54 18754.93 13983.83 2563.23 1399.50 868.33 16.30 99.48
2020 270.72 234.02 246.24 1740.54 111.25 6306.20 1864.03 17491.93 14083.00 2315.07 1808.23 902.34 20.98 97.90
2021 491.95 441.69 496.17 2260.37 147.82 8516.50 2011.30 29601.60 16878.40 2744.53 1645.00 997.38 23.00 109.40
2022 648.60 634.07 782.08 2450.20 109.87 7991.27 1948.00 28383.52 23400.11 3153.42 1630.98 871.12 19.74 110.40

annual indices, 2010=100, 1960 to present, real 2010 US dollars
World Bank Energy Non-energy

Commodity
Mat.
1960 39.39 11.15 96.68 113.16 129.37 108.81 115.38 122.38 87.89 115.49 84.83 149.01 67.19 66.22
1961 38.42 10.68 94.70 111.55 115.87 112.81 127.60 124.66 82.64 106.27 84.99 129.55 66.08 63.38
1962 37.17 10.28 91.72 108.06 110.90 109.67 113.67 134.91 81.55 102.71 88.50 118.25 63.38 61.44
1963 39.47 10.32 98.59 117.83 115.19 125.11 120.40 140.50 117.37 101.48 88.74 115.41 64.85 62.98
1964 40.07 9.83 101.43 116.23 123.30 122.54 122.20 139.67 107.47 97.31 79.37 116.92 79.02 73.63
1965 40.17 9.71 101.97 112.50 112.57 118.94 134.03 134.41 85.08 96.82 85.99 108.67 82.60 82.57
1966 39.84 9.09 102.21 112.65 112.36 118.66 127.88 142.36 85.07 98.21 85.55 112.05 72.72 84.15
1967 38.18 8.93 97.52 111.24 112.25 118.18 116.54 151.29 90.37 93.87 88.30 99.96 62.53 73.34
1968 37.8 8.95 96.32 108.05 117.98 111.86 105.61 142.46 92.40 93.73 90.08 97.73 50.70 77.44
1969 37.38 8.31 96.36 106.16 120.84 110.21 101.73 133.24 100.54 88.84 83.98 94.15 42.01 82.43
1970 37.47 9.10 95.03 106.16 119.28 112.40 117.14 118.24 100.89 84.34 84.16 84.54 37.45 78.72
1971 36.61 11.10 88.37 100.87 102.36 109.05 114.45 112.04 99.23 80.25 80.18 80.31 34.87 68.81
1972 35.31 10.98 84.65 98.00 102.01 107.21 104.87 108.26 109.35 73.56 71.21 76.14 44.63 61.81
1973 46.65 13.51 113.87 138.24 115.64 162.00 182.20 182.47 116.89 92.03 83.96 100.86 63.75 69.58
1974 66.13 36.67 125.90 149.29 117.88 182.28 172.11 219.40 162.06 85.09 77.46 93.43 187.34 70.95
1975 52.69 33.13 92.37 108.52 98.50 126.66 111.27 156.89 119.54 69.55 61.92 77.90 122.51 55.84
1976 55.72 36.32 95.05 114.06 173.33 112.51 111.91 131.15 96.42 87.70 74.47 102.17 61.43 59.88
1977 58.4 36.83 102.17 123.07 278.38 107.89 128.08 107.78 81.42 81.00 69.27 93.82 78.88 61.94
1978 51.55 33.24 88.68 105.16 182.16 102.46 113.26 111.35 80.21 72.56 61.59 84.57 63.24 57.76
1979 74.63 65.83 92.48 106.80 169.23 104.01 112.45 108.51 88.84 81.83 79.44 84.45 68.31 65.86
1980 78.42 71.73 91.99 105.43 134.70 108.84 97.90 113.80 118.76 82.24 79.58 85.14 80.54 65.74
1981 74.61 71.77 80.38 94.51 107.02 101.15 93.81 120.53 93.27 72.00 67.94 76.45 76.24 51.88
1982 69.78 69.47 70.41 83.12 109.13 83.34 79.79 95.39 77.10 69.35 67.55 71.31 59.22 45.61
1983 69.03 63.79 79.65 92.57 125.32 93.18 93.56 105.69 81.38 74.44 66.59 83.02 56.61 55.76
1984 69.32 62.71 82.73 99.06 146.67 97.64 110.66 104.90 73.94 78.30 74.18 82.81 65.20 51.22
1985 64.17 60.56 71.49 84.11 132.28 81.44 83.44 89.70 71.33 66.12 63.45 69.05 56.41 47.32
1986 41.04 31.83 59.72 69.82 128.82 62.03 55.92 65.30 67.10 58.73 60.09 57.25 39.60 41.30
1987 41.4 32.59 59.27 65.92 89.06 60.42 57.07 58.38 66.66 67.54 70.28 64.54 38.79 47.95
1988 40.77 26.45 69.82 70.93 81.34 72.31 71.48 73.23 72.58 62.26 66.03 58.14 44.38 70.44
1989 43.44 30.97 68.74 72.14 68.86 73.71 64.54 80.18 79.90 70.01 74.97 64.59 42.48 64.76
1990 45.54 37.42 62.00 66.59 60.97 66.14 54.24 70.05 78.27 70.53 76.24 64.28 42.05 54.82
1991 41.76 32.98 59.56 66.32 55.92 66.04 56.22 70.90 74.58 72.28 80.51 63.27 47.44 47.10
1992 40 31.43 57.40 64.40 47.56 64.56 57.01 69.97 69.60 72.55 86.77 57.00 42.56 44.75
674649609.xlsx, Annual Indices (Real), 06/23/2023, 10:17:54 p 17 of 27

World Bank Energy Non-energy

Commodity
Mat.
1993 37.11 27.75 56.08 66.42 49.13 62.70 56.73 63.11 70.18 84.26 116.52 48.98 35.29 37.25
1994 39.5 26.67 65.53 76.48 80.94 69.43 66.15 70.19 73.08 91.32 119.23 60.79 39.24 46.08
1995 38.8 25.98 64.80 72.75 75.33 68.53 64.79 75.48 67.18 81.68 96.02 65.99 42.10 51.10
1996 42.97 32.18 64.86 75.71 66.29 75.37 69.47 92.72 67.44 81.33 97.72 63.41 48.87 44.41
1997 42.89 31.27 66.47 76.65 88.38 73.10 73.66 75.37 70.30 79.31 93.05 64.29 44.92 48.07
1998 35.24 23.20 59.67 69.76 81.75 69.73 70.73 69.89 68.27 63.72 69.81 57.07 41.06 41.08
1999 38.55 30.29 55.29 62.84 64.43 59.73 56.27 61.54 62.66 69.58 86.91 50.62 39.54 41.60
2000 51.7 49.27 56.63 61.42 54.17 58.93 53.15 58.63 66.80 71.15 87.61 53.14 45.37 48.05
2001 49.03 45.75 55.67 61.48 48.40 63.64 52.98 61.24 79.84 62.88 74.23 50.47 45.51 44.89
2002 49.48 44.88 58.83 66.90 59.50 68.44 61.47 69.95 76.25 66.92 81.08 51.44 46.13 43.70
2003 55.05 52.01 61.24 69.00 57.94 70.57 70.69 68.22 72.54 70.82 82.23 58.34 52.90 46.27
2004 64.09 62.87 66.57 71.17 56.03 74.79 73.65 69.72 80.90 70.08 81.21 57.91 59.12 57.98
2005 80.65 85.96 69.88 70.69 63.15 71.22 64.36 67.03 84.04 73.24 87.44 57.70 67.25 68.53
2006 91.37 94.99 84.02 76.04 66.08 75.33 64.21 77.87 87.65 82.82 97.68 66.58 67.94 102.25
2007 97.34 98.92 94.12 85.14 72.01 87.88 89.66 93.24 80.69 85.17 99.90 69.06 87.38 113.34
2008 118.02 125.52 102.81 99.92 81.40 108.90 112.52 127.09 87.67 87.54 101.98 71.74 184.91 99.44
2009 83.81 82.23 87.02 92.79 89.26 96.40 94.39 102.58 93.45 85.82 100.34 69.95 124.39 70.90
2010 100 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
2011 117.16 121.82 107.72 109.48 104.49 110.34 108.60 124.50 99.80 109.95 105.67 114.63 123.98 102.24
2012 114.34 121.71 99.40 103.73 84.08 112.69 113.77 128.29 97.14 91.98 99.03 84.27 128.01 87.23
2013 110.87 120.01 92.34 96.34 75.94 104.47 104.23 116.92 93.50 86.98 93.51 79.83 104.25 82.78
2014 103.97 111.28 89.14 94.15 94.04 97.97 98.27 96.18 99.18 84.93 96.91 71.83 93.78 78.36
2015 72.77 67.52 83.41 89.78 96.01 90.40 86.21 88.97 97.21 85.11 98.17 70.82 100.51 68.37
2016 67.79 59.60 84.40 93.00 97.09 95.31 93.87 85.80 105.81 85.29 95.34 74.30 82.67 66.99
2017 76.15 71.28 86.03 89.34 85.40 92.68 89.98 82.76 105.22 83.23 87.91 78.10 76.32 80.37
2018 86.32 87.69 83.54 84.94 77.61 88.76 83.42 87.10 97.28 79.39 86.63 71.48 80.96 80.97
2019 79.74 78.64 81.97 83.55 76.51 87.42 77.85 89.40 98.20 77.73 86.03 68.65 81.79 78.75
2020 64.48 53.87 86.02 89.03 82.18 95.22 91.81 97.49 97.64 77.50 88.35 65.63 76.29 80.93
2021 92.34 87.19 102.79 99.00 85.45 111.38 116.18 113.19 103.41 75.82 82.66 68.34 139.22 106.44
2022 129.76 138.20 112.65 111.19 96.27 130.14 131.53 136.21 122.83 72.71 72.51 72.92 213.53 104.19

Precious Deflator
Metals MUV Index
Metals & Minerals
Base Metals
(ex. iron ore)
1960 72.11 17.08 19.14

1961 69.12 16.79 19.52
1962 66.90 17.23 19.88
1963 68.62 18.42 19.52
1964 82.50 18.32 19.79
1965 93.26 18.25 19.98
1966 96.39 17.62 20.72
1967 83.63 18.66 20.90
1968 88.70 22.81 20.72
1969 94.40 20.82 21.82
1970 90.26 18.16 23.21
1971 78.07 17.59 24.41
1972 70.00 20.79 26.63
1973 80.42 28.80 30.89
1974 81.78 39.62 37.64
1975 62.22 35.23 41.80
1976 65.25 29.17 42.32
1977 68.30 30.74 45.74
1978 64.75 33.67 53.16
1979 74.85 51.95 59.30
1980 74.16 91.28 65.22
1981 57.09 61.26 65.30
1982 48.03 50.49 63.35
1983 61.23 62.32 61.67
1984 56.21 51.85 60.32
1985 51.22 44.45 59.69
1986 44.80 42.84 68.65
1987 53.74 47.96 75.23
1988 81.98 43.66 80.11
1989 74.24 38.22 79.63
1990 61.30 36.10 82.67
1991 51.28 33.67 81.91
1992 48.82 31.50 83.44

Precious Deflator
Metals MUV Index
Metals & Minerals
Base Metals
(ex. iron ore)
1993 40.53 32.05 86.32

1994 51.75 36.06 83.73
1995 58.06 32.81 91.92
1996 49.43 33.62 90.17
1997 53.65 30.78 85.92
1998 44.61 30.00 82.17
1999 45.81 29.00 80.59
2000 53.46 29.51 79.56
2001 49.07 29.25 76.58
2002 47.69 33.17 75.68
2003 50.63 36.53 79.62
2004 64.35 39.96 85.03
2005 72.65 42.13 87.70
2006 113.73 57.36 89.93
2007 119.14 62.36 95.43
2008 98.37 70.69 102.83
2009 74.17 80.84 96.46
2010 100.00 100.00 100.00
2011 101.93 122.76 111.04
2012 88.92 125.64 110.23
2013 82.36 104.91 109.75
2014 82.30 93.46 108.25
2015 75.18 92.58 97.87
2016 72.65 103.67 94.03
2017 87.30 100.56 97.29
2018 88.89 95.36 101.86
2019 82.03 105.97 99.48
2020 81.99 136.54 97.90
2021 107.62 128.13 109.40
2022 110.90 123.92 110.40

Series Description Sources
Energy
* Coal (Australia), from February 2022, port thermal, f.o.b. Newcastle, 6000 kcal/kg futures price. From 2015 to January 2022, port thermal, f.o.b. Newcastle, 6000 kcal/kg spot price. 2002-2014, thermal GAR, f.Bloomberg; Coal Week International; Coal We
Coal (Colombia), thermal GAR, f.o.b. Bolivar, 6,450 kcal/kg, (11,200 btu/lb), less than 1.0%, sulfur 16% ash from August 2005 onwards; during years 2002-July 2005 11,600 btu/lb, less than .8% sulfur, 9% a Coal Week; Coal Week International; Internatio
Coal (South Africa), from January 2015, f.o.b. Richards Bay, NAR, 6,000 kcal/kg, sulfur less than 1%, forward month 1; from February 13, 2017 to December 2017, thermal NAR netback assessment f.o.b. RiBloomberg; Coal Week; Coal Week Internation
* Crude oil, average spot price of Brent, Dubai and West Texas Intermediate, equally weighed World Bank.
Crude oil, UK Brent 38` API. Bloomberg; Energy Intelligence Group (EIG); O
Crude oil, Dubai Fateh 32` API for years 1985-present; 1960-84 refer to Saudi Arabian Light, 34` API. Bloomberg; Energy Intelligence Group (EIG); O
Crude oil, US, West Texas Intermediate (WTI) 40` API. Bloomberg; Energy Intelligence Group (EIG); O
* Natural gas index (Laspeyres), average of Europe, US and Japan (LNG), weights based on 5-year average consumption volumes, updated every 5 years, except the 11-year period 1960-70. World Bank.
* Natural Gas (Europe), from April 2015, Netherlands Title Transfer Facility (TTF); April 2010 to March 2015, average import border price and a spot price component, including UK; during June 2000 - March 2 Bloomberg; World Gas Intelligence; World Ban
* Natural Gas (U.S.), spot price at Henry Hub, Louisiana Bloomberg; Thomson Reuters Datastream; Th
* Liquefied natural gas (Japan), LNG, import price, cif; recent two months' averages are estimates. Official Statistics of Japan; World Gas Intellige
Beverages
* Cocoa (ICCO), International Cocoa Organization daily price, average of the first three positions on the terminal markets of New York and London, nearest three future trading months. Bloomberg; International Cocoa Organization S
* Coffee, Arabica (ICO), International Coffee Organization indicator price, other mild Arabicas, average New York and Bremen/Hamburg markets, ex-dock Bloomberg; Complete Coffee Coverage; Intern
* Coffee, Robusta (ICO), International Coffee Organization indicator price, Robustas, average New York and Le Havre/Marseilles markets, ex-dock Bloomberg; Complete Coffee Coverage; Intern
* Tea , average three auctions, arithmetic average of quotations at Kolkata, Colombo and Mombasa/Nairobi. World Bank.
Tea (Colombo auctions), Sri Lankan origin, all tea, arithmetic average of weekly quotes. International Tea Committee; Tea Broker's Ass
Tea (Kolkata auctions), leaf, include excise duty, arithmetic average of weekly quotes. International Tea Committee; Tea Board India;
Tea (Mombasa/Nairobi auctions), African origin, all tea, arithmetic average of weekly quotes. African Tea Brokers Limited; International Tea
Oils and Meals

* Coconut oil (Philippines/Indonesia), from January 2021, crude, CIF Rotterdam; January 1999 to December 2020, crude, CIF NW Europe; previously, bulk, c.i.f. Rotterdam Markit Group Limited (formerly IHS Markit Agri
Copra (Philippines/Indonesia), bulk, c.i.f. N.W. Europe Bloomberg; ISTA Mielke GmbH, Oil World; US
Fishmeal, from January 2021, German Fishmeal, Danish 64% Pro, FOB Bremen; January 1999 to December 2020, German, 64% protein, EXW Hamburg Markit Group Limited (formerly IHS Markit Agri
Groundnuts (U.S.), Runners 40/50, CFR N.W. Europe. Europe beginning January 1999; previously (US), Runners 40/50 shelled basis, c.i.f. Rotterdam Markit Group Limited (formerly IHS Markit Agri
* Groundnut oil, Refined, FOR Ports India, beginning January 2023; December 2020-2022, Dutch Refined GroundNut Oil A/O, Ex Tank Rotterdam; January 1999-November 2020, U.S. crude, FOB South-East;Markit prev Group Limited (formerly IHS Markit Agri
* Palm oil (Malaysia), from January 2021, RBD, FOB Malaysia Ports; December 2001 to December 2020, RBD, CIF Rotterdam; previously Malaysia 5%, c.i.f. N.W. Europe, bulk, nearest forward . Markit Group Limited (formerly IHS Markit Agri
Palmkernel oil (Malaysia/Indonesia), from January 2021, crude CIF Rotterdam; August 2001 to December 2020, crude, CIF NW Europe; previously Malaysian, nearest forward. Markit Group Limited (formerly IHS Markit Agri
* Soybean meal, from January 2021, Soybean Pellets 48% Pro, Brazil, CIF Rotterdam; January 1999 to December 2020, Brazilian pellets 48% protein, CIF Rotterdam; during 1990 - 1998, 45/46% c.i.f. RotterdaMarkit Group Limited (formerly IHS Markit Agri
* Soybean oil, from January 2021, Dutch Soyoil Crude Degummed, EXW Dutch Mills; January 1999 to December 2020, Dutch crude degummed, FOB NW Europe; previously crude, f.o.b. ex-mill Netherlands, nMarkit Group Limited (formerly IHS Markit Agri
* Soybeans, from January 2021, U.S Gulf Yellow Soybean #2, CIF Rotterdam; December 2007 to December 2020, U.S. No. 2 yellow meal, CIF Rotterdam; previously US origin, nearest forward. Markit Group Limited (formerly IHS Markit Agri
Sunflower oil, from September 2020, Dutch Sunseed Oil, f.o.b. Rotterdam; February 2011 to August 2020, European crude, f.o.b. Rotterdam; previously, EU f.o.b NW Europe ports. Markit Group Limited (formerly IHS Markit Agri
Grains
* Barley (U.S.) feed, No. 2, spot, 20 days To-Arrive, delivered Minneapolis from May 2012 onwards; during 1980 - 2012 April Canadian, feed, Western No. 1, Winnipeg Commodity Exchange, spot, wholesale faBloomberg; US Department of Agriculture; Wo
* Maize (U.S.), no. 2, yellow, f.o.b. US Gulf ports Bloomberg; US Department of Agriculture; Wo
* Rice (Thailand), 5% broken, white rice (WR), milled, indicative price based on weekly surveys of export transactions, government standard, f.o.b. Bangkok Bloomberg; US Department of Agricuture; Wor
Rice (Thailand), 25% broken, WR, milled indicative survey price, government standard, f.o.b. Bangkok Bloomberg; US Department of Agricuture; Wor
Rice (Thailand), 100% broken, A.1 Super from 2006 onwards, government standard, f.o.b. Bangkok; prior to 2006, A1 Special, a slightly lower grade than A1 Super. Bloomberg; US Department of Agricuture; Wor
Rice (Vietnam), 5% broken, WR, milled, weekly indicative survey price, Minimum Export Price, f.o.b. Hanoi Bloomberg; US Department of Agricuture; Wor
Sorghum (US), no. 2 milo yellow, Texas export bids for grain delivered to export elevators, rail-truck, f.o.b. Gulf ports US Department of Agriculture; World Bank.
Wheat (Canada), no. 1, Western Red Spring (CWRS), in store, St. Lawrence, export price Canadian Grain Commission; Thomson Reute
* Wheat (U.S.), no. 2 hard red winter Gulf export price; June 2020 backwards, no. 1, hard red winter, ordinary protein, export price delivered at the US Gulf port for prompt or 30 days shipment Bloomberg; US Department of Agriculture; Wo
Wheat (U.S.), no. 2, soft red winter, export price delivered at the US Gulf port for prompt or 30 days shipment Bloomberg; US Department of Agriculture; Wo
Other food
Bananas (Central & South America), major brands, free on truck (f.o.t.) Southern Europe, including duties; prior to October 2006, f.o.t. Hamburg. Food and Agricultural Organization; Nova Med
* Bananas (Central & South America), major brands, US import price, free on truck (f.o.t.) US Gulf ports. Food and Agricultural Organization; Nova Med
* Meat, beef (Australia/New Zealand), mixed trimmings 85%, East Coast, 7-45 day deferred delivery, FOB port of entry, beginning January 1995; previously cow forequarters Meat & Livestock Australia, Meat and Livestoc
* Chicken (U.S.), Urner Barry North East weighted average for broiler/fryer, whole birds, 2.5 to 3.5 pounds, USDA grade "A" from 2013 onwards; 1980-2012, Georgia Dock weighted average, 2.5 to 3 pounds,wBloomberg; Urner Barry; US Department of Ag
** Lamb (U.S.), boxed lamb cuts, leg, double, trotter-on, less than truckload (LTL) pricing, from August 2010; previously, (New Zealand) frozen whole carcasses Prime Medium (PM) wholesale, Smithfield, LondoMeat Trade Journal; Urner Barry; World Bank.
* Oranges (Mediterranean exporters) navel, European Union indicative import price, c.i.f. Paris Bloomberg; INTERFEL, Fel Actualite hebdo; F
* Shrimp , (U.S.), brown, shell-on, headless, in frozen blocks, source Gulf of Mexico, 26 to 30 count per pound, wholesale US beginning 2004; previously New York. Fishery Market News; Urner Barry; US Bureau
Sugar (EU), European Union negotiated import price for raw unpackaged sugar from African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) under Lome Conventions, c.I.f. European ports International Monetary Fund; World Bank.
Sugar (U.S.), nearby futures contract, c.i.f. Bloomberg, World Bank.
* Sugar (World), International Sugar Agreement (ISA) daily price, raw, f.o.b. and stowed at greater Caribbean ports Bloomberg; International Sugar Organization; T
Raw Materials
Timber
* Logs (Africa), sapele, high quality (loyal and marchand), 80 centimeter or more, f.o.b. Douala, Cameroon beginning January 1996; previously of unspecified dimension International Tropical Timber Organization; Ma
* Logs (Southeast Asia), meranti, Sarawak, sale price charged by importers, Tokyo beginning February 1993; previously average of Sabah and Sarawak weighted by Japanese import volumes International Tropical Timber Organization; Mo
Plywood (Africa and Southeast Asia), Lauan, 3-ply, extra, 91 cm x 182 cm x 4 mm, wholesale price, spot Tokyo International Tropical Timber Organization; Jap
Sawnwood (Africa), sapele, width 6 inches or more, length 6 feet or more, f.a.s. Cameroonian ports International Tropical Timber Organization; Ma
* Sawnwood (Southeast Asia), dark red seraya/meranti, select and better quality, average 7 to 8 inches; length average 12 to 14 inches; thickness 1 to 2 inch(es); kiln dry, c. & f. UK ports, with 5% agents co International Tropical Timber Organization; Tro
Woodpulp (Sweden), softwood, sulphate, bleached, air-dry weight, c.i.f. North Sea ports Statistisches Bundesamt, Germany; Allman Ma
Other Raw Materials

* Cotton (Cotton Outlook "CotlookA index"), middling 1-3/32 inch, traded in Far East, C/F beginning 2006; previously Northern Europe, c.i.f. Bloomberg; Cotton Outlook; International Cotto
Cotton (US), Memphis/Eastern, middling 1-3/32 inch, Far East , C/F beginning October 2008; previously c.i.f. Northern Europe Cotton Outlook; International Cotton Advisory C
Rubber (Asia), RSS3 grade, Singapore Commodity Exchange Ltd (SICOM) nearby contract beginning 2004; during 2000 to 2003, Singapore RSS1; previously Malaysia RSS1 Asian Wall Street Journal; Bloomberg; Internat
* Rubber (Asia), TSR 20, Technically Specified Rubber, SGX/SICOM nearby futures contract Asian Wall Street Journal; Bloomberg; Internat
* Tobacco (any origin), unmanufactured, general import , cif, US US Department of Agriculture, World Bank.
Fertilizers
* DAP (diammonium phosphate), spot, f.o.b. US Gulf Bloomberg; Bloomberg L.P. - Green Markets (
* Phosphate rock , f.o.b. North Africa Bloomberg; Bloomberg L.P. - Green Markets (
* Potassium chloride (muriate of potash), Brazil CFR granular spot price from January 2020; previously, f.o.b. Vancouver Bloomberg; Bloomberg L.P. - Green Markets (
* TSP (triple superphosphate), spot, import US Gulf Bloomberg; Bloomberg L.P. - Green Markets (
* Urea, (Ukraine), prill spot f.o.b. Middle East, beginning March 2022; previously, f.o.b. Black Sea. Bloomberg; Bloomberg L.P. - Green Markets (
Metals and Minerals

* Aluminum (LME) London Metal Exchange, unalloyed primary ingots, high grade, minimum 99.7% purity, settlement price beginning 2005; previously cash price Bloomberg; Engineering and Mining Journal; P
* Copper (LME), grade A, minimum 99.9935% purity, cathodes and wire bar shapes, settlement price Bloomberg; Engineering and Mining Journal; P
Iron ore, spot in US dollar/dry ton and contract in US cents/dmtu. For years 2008 (December) to present, spot, (any origin) fines, 62% Fe, c.f.r. China; during 2006 to 2008 (November) spot, 63.5%Fe. Earlier V
dALE; CVRD; UNCTAD; World Bank.
* Iron ore (any origin) fines, spot price, c.f.r. China, 62% Fe beginning December 2008; previously 63.5% Bloomberg; Thomson Reuters Datastream, Wo
* Lead (LME), refined, 99.97% purity, settlement price Bloomberg; Engineering and Mining Journal; P
* Nickel (LME), cathodes, minimum 99.8% purity, settlement price beginning 2005; previously cash price Bloomberg; Platts Metals Week, Thomson Reu
Steel products index World Bank.
Steel, Cold-rolled coil/sheet (Japan) producers' export contracts (3 to 12 months terms) fob mainly to Asia Japan Metal Bulletin, World Bank.
Steel, Hot-rolled coil/sheet (Japan) producers' export contracts (3 to 12 months terms) fob mainly to Asia Japan Metal Bulletin, World Bank.
Steel, Rebar (concrete Reinforcing bars) (Japan) producers' export contracts (3 to 12 months terms) fob mainly to Asia Japan Metal Bulletin, World Bank.
Steel, Wire ord (Japan) producers' export contracts (3 to 12 months terms) fob mainly to Asia Japan Metal Bulletin, World Bank.
* Tin (LME), refined, 99.85% purity, settlement price Bloomberg; Engineering and Mining Journal; P
* Zinc (LME), high grade, minimum 99.95% purity, settlement price beginning April 1990; previously special high grade, minimum 99.995%, cash prices Bloomberg; Engineering and Mining Journal; P
Precious Metals
* Gold (UK), 99.5% fine, London afternoon fixing, average of daily rates Bloomberg; Kitco.com; International Monetary
Platinum (UK), 99.9% refined, London afternoon fixing Bloomberg; London Platinum & Palladium Mar
* Silver (UK), 99.9% refined, London afternoon fixing; prior to July 1976 Handy & Harman. Grade prior to 1962 unrefined silver. American Metal Market; Australian Mineral Eco
* denotes forecast series

** Wheat, U.S., SRW data corrected from January 2022
Natural gas, Europe data corrected for May and June 2022
Coal (South Africa), June to November 2022, and March to April 2023 are estimates based on similar benchmarks, December 2022 to February 2023 replaced with source data.
Lamb, replacement series from August 2010
Coal (Australia), replacement series from February 2022
Rubber TSR20 replaces Rubber RSS3 in Other Raw Materials index from October 2018
mberg; Coal Week International; Coal Week; IHS McCloskey Coal Report; International Coal Report World Bank.
Week; Coal Week International; International Coal Report; World Bank.
mberg; Coal Week; Coal Week International; International Coal Report; World Bank.
mberg; Energy Intelligence Group (EIG); Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC); World Bank.
mberg; World Gas Intelligence; World Bank.

mberg; Thomson Reuters Datastream; The Wall Street Journal; World Bank.
al Statistics of Japan; World Gas Intelligence; World Bank.
mberg; International Cocoa Organization Secretariat; World Bank.

mberg; Complete Coffee Coverage; International Coffee Organization; Thomson Reuters Datastream; World Bank.
mberg; Complete Coffee Coverage; International Coffee Organization; Thomson Reuters Datastream; World Bank.
national Tea Committee; Tea Broker's Association of London; Tea Exporters Association Sri Lanka; World Bank.
national Tea Committee; Tea Board India; Tea Broker's Association of London; World Bank.
an Tea Brokers Limited; International Tea Committee; Tea Broker's Association of London; World Bank.
it Group Limited (formerly IHS Markit Agribusiness UK Ltd); Bloomberg; ISTA Mielke GmbH, Oil World; US Department of Agriculture; World Bank.
mberg; ISTA Mielke GmbH, Oil World; US Department of Agriculture; World Bank.
mberg; US Department of Agriculture; World Bank.

mberg; US Department of Agricuture; World Bank.
Department of Agriculture; World Bank.
adian Grain Commission; Thomson Reuters Datastream; World Bank.
and Agricultural Organization; Nova Media Publishing, Inc.; Union of Banana-Exporting Countries (UPEB); US Bureau of Labor Statistics; World Bank.
and Agricultural Organization; Nova Media Publishing, Inc.; Union of Banana-Exporting Countries (UPEB); US Bureau of Labor Statistics; World Bank.
& Livestock Australia, Meat and Livestock Weekly; The National Provisioner; Urner Barry; US Department of Agriculture; World Bank.
mberg; Urner Barry; US Department of Agriculture; World Bank.
Trade Journal; Urner Barry; World Bank.
mberg; INTERFEL, Fel Actualite hebdo; FRuiTrop; Marche Europeens Des Fruits et Legumes; World Bank.
ery Market News; Urner Barry; US Bureau of Labor Statistics; US Nationational Ocearnic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); World Bank.
national Monetary Fund; World Bank.
mberg, World Bank.
mberg; International Sugar Organization; Thomson Reuters Datastream; World Bank.
national Tropical Timber Organization; Marches Tropicaux et Mediterraneens; World Bank.

national Tropical Timber Organization; Mokuzai Shikyo Geppo; World Bank.
national Tropical Timber Organization; Japan Lumber Journal; Nikkei Newsletter on Commodities; World Bank.
national Tropical Timber Organization; Marches Tropicaux et Mediterraneens; World Bank.
national Tropical Timber Organization; Tropical Timbers; World Bank.
stisches Bundesamt, Germany; Allman Manadsstatistik, Sweden; World Bank.
mberg; Cotton Outlook; International Cotton Advisory Committee; Liverpool Cotton Services Ltd.; World Bank.
on Outlook; International Cotton Advisory Committee; Liverpool Cotton Services Ltd.; World Bank.
n Wall Street Journal; Bloomberg; International Rubber Study Group; Rubber Association of Singapore Commodity Exchange (RASCE); Singapore Exchange Ltd (SGX previously SICOM); World Bank.
n Wall Street Journal; Bloomberg; International Rubber Study Group; Rubber Association of Singapore Commodity Exchange (RASCE); Singapore Exchange Ltd (SGX previously SICOM); World Bank.
Department of Agriculture, World Bank.
mberg; Bloomberg L.P. - Green Markets (formerly Kennedy Information LLC)

mberg; Engineering and Mining Journal; Platts Metals Week; Thomson Reuters Datastream; World Bank.
E; CVRD; UNCTAD; World Bank.
mberg; Thomson Reuters Datastream, World Bank.
mberg; Platts Metals Week, Thomson Reuters Datastream; World Bank.
n Metal Bulletin, World Bank.

mberg; Kitco.com; International Monetary Fund, International Financial Statistics; London Bullion Market; Metals Week; Platts Metals Week; Shearson Lehman Brothers, Metal Market Weekly Review; Thomson Reuters Datastream; World Bank.
mberg; London Platinum & Palladium Market; Platts Metals Week, CRB Commodity Yearbook; Thomson Reuters Datastream; World Bank.
rican Metal Market; Australian Mineral Economics Pty. Ltd.; Bloomberg; London Bullion Market; Metals Week; Metals Statistics; Platts Metasl Week; The Silver Institute, Silver World Supply & Demand; Thomson Reuters Datastream; World Bank.
Weights Used in the World Bank Commodity Price Index (in Percent) 1/
based on 2002-04 developing countries' export values 2/ and 3/
Share of Share of
energy and non- sub-group Share of
Commodity Group energy indices indices food index
Total Index 100.0 World Bank Commodity Price Indexes: Groups and weights
Energy 67.0
Non-Energy 33.0
TOTAL
Energy 100.0 100.0 100.0
Coal 4.7 4.7
Crude Oil 84.6 84.6
Natural Gas 10.8 10.8
Non-energy 100.0 ENERGY NON-ENERGY
67.0 33.0
Agriculture 64.9
Food 40.0 100.0
Cereals 11.3 100.0 28.2
Rice 3.4 30.1 8.5
Wheat 2.8 25.2 7.1
Maize 4/ 4.6 40.7 11.5 ENERGY
Barley 0.5 4.1 1.2 100.0
Oils and Meals 16.3 100.0 40.8

Soybeans 4.0 24.6 10.1
Soybean Oil 2.1 13.0 5.3 COAL CRUDE OIL NATURAL GAS
4.7 84.6 10.8
Soybean Meal 4.3 26.3 10.7
Palm Oil 4.9 30.2 12.3
Coconut Oil 0.5 3.1 1.3
Groundnut Oil 5/ 0.5 2.8 1.1
NON-ENERGY
Other Food 12.4 100.0 31.0 100.0
Sugar 3.9 31.5 9.8
Bananas 1.9 15.7 4.9
Meat, beef 2.7 22.0 6.8
Meat, chicken 2.4 19.2 6.0 METALS AGRICULTURE FERTILIZER
31.6 64.9 3.6
Oranges 6/ 1.4 11.6 3.6
Beverages 8.4 100.0
Coffee 3.8 45.7
Cocoa 3.1 36.9 BEVERAGES FOOD RAW MATERIALS
Tea 1.5 17.4 8.4 40.0 16.5
Agricultural Raw Materials 16.5
Timber 8.6 100.0
Logs 1.9 22.1
CEREALS OILS AND MEALS OTHER FOOD
Sawnwood 6.7 77.9
11.3 16.3 12.4
Other Raw Matrials 7.9 100.0
Cotton 1.9 24.7
Natural Rubber 7/ 3.7 46.7
Tobacco 2.3 28.7 PRECIOUS METALS
100.0
Metals and Minerals 31.6 100.0
Aluminum 8.4 26.7
Copper 12.1 38.4
Iron Ore 6.0 18.9 GOLD SILVER PLATINUM
Lead 0.6 1.8 77.8 18.9 3.3
Nickel 2.5 8.1
674649609.xlsx, Index Weights, 06/23/2023, 10:17:54, p 26 of 27

Weights Used in the World Bank Commodity Price Index (in Percent) 1/
based on 2002-04 developing countries' export values 2/ and 3/
Share of Share of
energy and non- sub-group Share of
Commodity Group energy indices indices food index
Tin 0.7 2.1
Zinc 1.3 4.1
Fertilizers 3.6 100.0
Natural Phosphate Rock 0.6 16.9
Phosphate 0.8 21.7
Potassium 0.7 20.1
Nitogenous 1.5 41.3
Precious Metals 100.0
Gold 77.8
Silver 18.9
Platinum 3.3
Source: World Bank Prospects Group

Notes:
Differences in group totals and components are due to rounding.
1/ Laspeyres Index.
2/ Developing countries is represented by Low- and Middle-income Countries (LMIC) as defined by the World
Bank Development Data Group Classification of Income Group as of June 20, 2006.
3/
Trade data sources are United Nations' Comtrade Database via World Bank WITS system, Food and
Agriculture Organization FAOSTAT Database, International Energy Agency Database, BP Statistical Review of
World Energy, World Metal Statistics, World Bureau of Metal Statistics and World Bank staff estimates.
4/ The maize weight includes sorghum.
5/ The groundnut oil weight includes groundnuts.
6/ The oranges weight includes orange juice.
7/ Rubber TSR20 replaces Rubber RSS3 in Other Raw Materials index from 2018
World Bank, Prospects Group.

May 2, 2023
674649609.xlsx, Index Weights, 06/23/2023, 10:17:55, p 27 of 27

CMO Historical Data Annual

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CMO Historical Data Annual

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World Bank Commodity Price Data (The Pink Sheet)

annual prices, 1960 to present, nominal US dollars

Coal, Coal, Natural Liquefied

674649609.xlsx, Annual Prices (Nominal), 06/23/2023, 10:17:54 p 1 of 27

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Rice, Viet Tobacco,

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Potassium Iron ore,

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Beverages Food Raw Materials

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Beverages Food Raw Materials

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Metals & Minerals

1960 13.80 3.27

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Metals & Minerals

1993 34.98 27.66

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Coal, Natural Liquefied

674649609.xlsx, Annual Prices (Real), 06/23/2023, 10:17:54 p 11 of 27

674649609.xlsx, Annual Prices (Real), 06/23/2023, 10:17:54 p 12 of 27

Rice, Viet Tobacco,

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674649609.xlsx, Annual Prices (Real), 06/23/2023, 10:17:54 p 14 of 27

Potassium Iron ore,

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674649609.xlsx, Annual Prices (Real), 06/23/2023, 10:17:54 p 16 of 27

World Bank Energy Non-energy

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World Bank Energy Non-energy

674649609.xlsx, Annual Indices (Real), 06/23/2023, 10:17:54 p 18 of 27

1960 72.11 17.08 19.14

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1993 40.53 32.05 86.32

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Oils and Meals

Other Raw Materials

Metals and Minerals

* denotes forecast series

mberg; World Gas Intelligence; World Bank.

mberg; International Cocoa Organization Secretariat; World Bank.

mberg; US Department of Agriculture; World Bank.

national Tropical Timber Organization; Marches Tropicaux et Mediterraneens; World Bank.

mberg; Bloomberg L.P. - Green Markets (formerly Kennedy Information LLC)

n Metal Bulletin, World Bank.

Oils and Meals 16.3 100.0 40.8

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Source: World Bank Prospects Group

World Bank, Prospects Group.

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