Tine _“D. Analyst bem Wed at energy Storing elements like inductor These elerwonts arn part of tle ‘rel Sy skem ound Connect we. inded qf te y Stats of ts ke is disturbed then it tale chain im Hnonse from pa een! te Onothe State. urbane \ Occur ot input Output oc enetiongs ak both de | Steady + aa a 1 ever Arp lite | i Input signal © <— Venpente pe output Reopong@, Time Reo pon, of a Fiest - order System Consider, a Gesy - da System un th Unity Feeduack. RES} —> 5 = ult) > 1) = eS) RéS \+ st + cs) + & i+ ST 1 = =I Vest = = -T els) = ‘ - 7 = Loe ‘ eo UL = 1+ ST s sv > = = = = Ca) = 1s ee" £70 OG =e */™) ule) When t= T =1 ety = \-e@ = 0.632 w 63.2% 7 Hime Constant and is defined as tne time veanuved £ sew Signad to attain 63.24 eof Bnal wf Steady Stok Valus Constant indi Cares ew fast the S Stem each the pX Value . Smalls the time Constant , faster i's 2 qskenn po: Ltwone lo Hi Fant reeults ia a Slugcich Response. ci“) = \-e 7 Slope OF We Curve ak too e@)| = pe tlt] Meee T te = Vr. When! t= C(T) = 0-632 63.27) 42 27 (27) = 0.964 26K pr) t=4t, Cc (4t) = 0-982 9%.2J0) When fue actus! outpuk veaches usthia 2:/ of the derived wk it is Said +har Steady stat is veashed The Hme 4 is Gitea ao Setling time (ts) Exmr is goes bos eft) = rt) ~ Ct) = ie ige TT t 70 = eg tlt ~ ~tlt L Steady stat, voor eo) = fi e =o too 5 Ti < Te cl >, elt) Seige ————— = NSS Boapers ot - o © * at & om 4, At, AT, i ke Transient —> \<— steady < Franek stent a Response shake Fewpense Ti Reoponse Ts a Tracsiedt Peters a Res ponse of the Gest pvrde Suchen ys: brit Ramp ut Vie) = tuded Gs Ris = 1 ra ces) = D = 1 (@+st) s* st st 1s A + 2B + c (paver Rochen) S*r 14st) s s* ltst. c(s) = 1-st 4 7 Pe ee v = lest so s St = ea) = t-1+ Tel tz0 xr Signad th) = lt) — Cle = = t-tyr-te TT £70 elt) = Tf\~e SIT Steady cxate exw ew) = lim eft) = T. 4308 € (a) = 1 bohe Tis Te +ime Constant of the giten % +(e) be? so ce art oe > exendy OF Are ° a ee Riaponse of th. Gest order System unitin nie impulse fuach'oa = rity = S04 <> ts) = 1 cts) = \ = ‘ 1+ST T Sei Hb = 4 vet u 5 t -4lr 7 ate o! ar t : = EIT Unit] Ramp Res) = 4 c(t) = t-T-e u(t) = Arct) s* develo at ~ tlt Unit| Step RES) = cw) = l-e of devtvalius 30) =_duey Unit| impulse R(S) =) cl) se Tt at T Exampe. R = od Vp (6) if Vict) = 4) vile Dawe Yet) = a weds} 1 tro ° t YRC © 482 Geopome stale @ i