Trigonometrical Ide ntities Trigonometrical Identities aA IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER ‘igonometry isa branch of mathematics which deals with the measurement of the sides and angles of a triangle. The word “trigonometry” was derived from two Greek words “Trigonon” (triangle) and “Metron” (measure). Greek Mathematician Hipparchus first established the relationships between the sides and angles of a triangle and the subject was developed by Euler. Iisome sides and angles of a triangle are known, how do we find the remaining sides and angles? ‘This problem is solved by using some ratios of the sides of a right-angled triangle with respect to its acute angles called trigonometric ratios of angles. Such problems occur in astronomy, engineering surveys, navigation, etc. Hence, the study of trigonometric ratios has great practical utility. Trigonometrical Ratios of Angles: Suppose, a revolving line starting from OX rotate about O in the anticlockwise direction and make an angle ZXOA = 6 which lies between 0° and 90°. From any point P on 0A, draw perpendicular PN on OX so that right-angled triangle ONP is formed where OP = Hypotenuse, ON = Base and PN = Perpendicular. Suppose, ON = a, PN = b and OP=c, then ae Perpendicular _ 5 — Hypotenuse _ (Sine 6) sin @ = ~Frrotenuse ~ ¢ *(Coseeant 0) cose = Pernendicular ~ b : Hypotenuse é (Cosine 6) cos @ = Ryne =, — Gecant 9) sec = — Te Perpendicul Base a CTingen 6) tan 9 =

sin? 0 + cos*9 = 1 i oe | Dividing both sides of (i) by a, we get Sg Bs soto a1 + tanto = 1+ tan? 9 = seco = a a \ Dividing both sides of (i) by b”, we get 2 Qt S = © +1 = cosec? d= cot?@ + 1 = cosec?0 = 1+ cot?o Pe sin? = 1 - cos? in? 29 = L. sin? 6 + cos?@ = 1, ae wine | 2 2 2. sec?O-tan20=1, fee ie ‘ lcosec? = 1+ cot? 0) 3. cosec? 6 cot? = 1, ee © =cosec? 6-1 Note. sin 9 and cos @ cannot be greater than 1. ‘Trigonometrical Table for Standard Angles: " el ‘Angles e Trigonomet = . sin 0 5 | v2 cos 6 1 a v2 tan@ 0 1 cosee 0 Not defined (20) 2 v2 sec 1 -s W v2 cot 0 Not defined (a) a 1 Trigonometrical Tables The approximate values of. m sine, cosine and 1 ne Places of decimal from the tab sieht ofall angles f ree nh : from 0° ‘a und co! ie book. These tables are called trig ac art sins, snes nd ara ng a ‘3 i, i trigonometric tabi, tt Cosines and natural tangent given at he ‘ables. These Consist of three Parts. = ‘Vogethen eth Mathematics (ICSE) — 19 scanned witn Gamscann:i enexteme left contains degrees from 0 10 9° a sctgeaded by 0,6, 12,18, 24 30, 36, 42,48 and Se. (72 ymns (led mean difference colurans) of 2,3, 4 and Sin the angle. or naturalsines and natural tangents, the mean difference is added while for natural cosines itis subtracted. ae ganometre Tables Mi ‘i jons ig £8267 0~sec* Ao, the gven expressions is SOSEC P=See5 Dividing the numerator and denominator by cosec? 8, we get cosec?@ __sec@ cosec0-sec*@ _ cosec"9 cosec™@ cosec?O+sec70 ~ cosec?O , sec?O cosec?® ” cosec?O tetan?9 _ 1-(/V7P _ 1-1/7 _ 6/7 t+tan?'@ 14(/J7p 11/7 8/7 psin 0-4 cos + Find the value of (5 sig Q-F q 6030" psinO-qeos0 _ pian0-4 PsinO+qcos0 ~ ptanO+q Scanned with CamScanniEx3. Find the value of log tan 30° + 4 log tan’ 60° — log sin 90°. Sol. log tan 30° + 5 log tan? 60° — log sin 90° = log tan 30° + log (tan? 60°)! — log sin 90° = log tan 30° + log tan 60° — log sin 90° = log (tan 30° x tan 60°) —log sin 90° wo (ax4) tan 30° tan a =e (8a) =Pe in 45° cos 30° — cos 45° sin 30° 1 _ V3-1_ (3-1) 2 _ V6. 2 WwW? 22° V2 Ex, Find tan 60°, using the formula: tan 20 = Sol. Putting 0 = 30° on both sides, we get 2tan 30° 2 x 30") = —2tan 30" {an 230) = ant 30° 1 ax > tan 60° = ao (3) Ex.6. IftanA = > + and tan B= 4, then find the value of sin (A + B) using the formula: tan (A+) = 12 A+tanB 1-tan A tan B* Ayia i tan(A+B) = #MA+tnB _ _2*3 J ton A tan B= > Be and tan? > tan (A +B) > tan (A +B) = tan ase So, A+B = 45° ‘ sin(A +B) = sin 4se = Ex.7. If'sin 6 + cos 0 = 2 sin (90°~ 0), find cot 0, Sol. Given sin® + cos0 = JZ. sin (90° 0) > sin0 + cos0 = V2 coso > sin = cos0( V2 ~1) > si: Far = eto > cot = ay = EH voor B Yogehes week? Mathematics (ICSE) — 10 Scanned with CamScannusing trigonometrical tables, fina t , 58 Min a + sin? 70" — tan? 45° the value of sin? 20° + sin? 70° - tan? 45° si in? 20° + cos? ( 0°-70)-ayz sin? 20° + cos? 20°—1 oy =1-1=0 using trigonometrical tables, fi 80° te si? teo?'@= 1 usin les, find cos ps. a " _ ibevlact Sin or + 60859 cosee 31° os 80 oa OU = 8) sa Beige +08 5 coves 31 sinter — + Sin (90°-59%) x <1 = Sin aye Snig? sin3°x uit, Without using trigonometrical'tables, find the value of £7 si c08 70" , C0859 _g cin? agp = SN(00"—70") sa nor t singe 85" 30 = 7 1 sina * singe 8% q =14+1-2 =0 2 2 gull Without using trigonometrical tables, find the value of £25; 20° eos 70 sin? 59° + sin? 31° sa cos? 20°-+ cos? 70° _ cos? 20°+ sin?(90" - 70") ‘sin? 59° + sin? 31° ‘cos?(90° — 59°) + sin? 31° = £08 20° +sin® 20° _ 1 cos?31°+sin? 31° tan 89° Eul2, Without using trigonometrical tables, find the value of tan 1°. tan 2° . tan 3°... Sol tan 1° tan 2° tam 3° ..nneon tan 87° tan 88° tan 89° an 1° tan 2° tan 3° fan 1° tan 2° tan 3° cot (90° — 87°) cot (90° ~ 88°) cot (90° - 89°) cot 3° cot 2° cot 1° 11 jan3° tan 1s 1° cos 2° cos 3 1 = tan 1° tan 2° tan cos 180° TLL, Without using trigonometrical tables, find the value of co Sal, cos 1° cos 2° cos 3' .. ¢08 180° Putting cos 90° = 0, we get = 05 1° cos 2° cos 3° pony Sal, ans y (ess) 7 (2010) Scanned with CamScann:soi, Sin.35¢ cos 55*+ 00835" sin 55*, sin 35° oos(9r— 35°) + ons 35 in (90° 35°) ” cosec?10°— tan? 80” ‘cosec? 10° — tan?(90" = 10°) 35° sin 35° + cos 35° cos 35° ‘eosec? 10° ~ cot” 10° sin? 35° + cos? 35° _ 1 “cosec? 10° cot" 10° I =1 Sin? 4+ cog, fand cosec? 0 ~ ent. 3sin 72° __sec 32° cos 18° ~ cosec 58° Sol. 3sin 72? _sec32°__ 3 c08(90°=72")__ seo 32” 7 cos 18° ~ cosec 58° cos 18° sec(90° - 58°) = 3eosi8* _sec32” _ * “cos 18° ~ sec 32° Ex.16, Without using trigonometrical tables, find the value of Ex.17. Evaluate: Si 80° + sin 59°sec31°. cos 10° £05 (90 : Sol. Sn GPE + sin SP sec 31° = eer) = 8). co5(90° ~ 59") see 31 = IE cost". Sie =2 a + 2 a0 ° chy 4 tan 36° Ex.18. Evaluate without using trigonometrical tables: cos? 26° + cos 64° sin 26° + “Cor sas ay Sol. cos? 26° + cos 64° sin 26° + {036° = cox? 26° + sin (90° 64°) sin 26° + —1236__ = cos? 26° + sin (90° - 64°) sin 26° + 5 Cog = 5) = cox? 26° + sin 26° sin 26° + 18036" = cos” 26° + sin 26° sin 26° + tan 36° = cos? 26° + sin? 26° + 1 =1+1=2 [sate +0080 Ex.19. Find the value of sin 51° 32" Sol, We read the table of natural sines inthe horizontal line which begins with 51° and inthe vertical oun (+ 32 =30'+2) , The value is 0. 7826 and in the same horizontal line, the value written in mean difference column! headed by? ‘On adding the two numbers, 0.7826 + 4 = 7830 sin 51°32 = 0.7830 sin 51° 30' = 0.7826 Mean difference for 2' = 4 (To be added) c sin 51° 32' = 0.7830 Ex.20. Find the value of cos 37° 21' Sol. cos 37° 21' = cos(37 18' + 3') Now, cos 37° 18' = 0.7955 Mean difference of 3' = 5 cos 37° 21" = 0.7950 | secA=1 _1-cos A. Ex21Prove the identity: or F 1 = 1 pee Sok. LHS = SCA=1 secA+1 (From tables) (To be subtracted) _ ‘Together with” Mathematics (ICSE) —10 scanned with (100s A 20s A T+ cos A cos tt CsA L=cos A = T¥cosA = RHS Hence proved. in 0-2 sin? 0 Feos"6 cos 7 2n® 017) prove tbe dently: > 6539 cos LHs = Sim-2sin’9 _ sin0(1~2sin?@) a 2c0s*0-cos® ~ cos 0(2.cos*@-1) sin @(1~2sin?@) 2sin?@) cos 0{2(1-sin?@)-1} — °e- 2sin?@-1) (1-2 sin? 6) (1=2sin®0) = tan@ = RHS Hence proved. in* A cos” B + cos” A sin? B + cos*A cos? B + sin® A sin? B = 1 LHS = sin” A cos" B + cos? A sin? B + cos? A cos? B + sin? A sin? B = cos” B (sin? A + cos? A) + sin? B (cos? A + sin? A) = cos’ B + sin? B = 1=RHS Hence proved. Lu. Prove that 2 sec” © — sec! @ — 2 cosec” 0 + cosec! 0 = cot @— tan’ 9. Sol RHS = cot* @-tan‘ @ = (cot? @)*- (tan? 6)? (cosec” 0 — 1)? — (sec? 0-1)? cose’ @ + 1 2cosec?@-(sec*O + 1-2 sec*a) cosec’@ + 1 - 2cosec”@ - sec*@-1 + 2sec”0 2 sec? 0 - sec' 8 - 2cosec* 0 + cosec* 8 0 = tand 2h Prove the identity: sa HS Hence proved. Bas. Pr = rove the identity: \/ 77a at sec @-tan@ i (I= sin 8) (1 sin 6) Sa, s = tame = eo 2 ert * [Rationalising the denominator] _ [@=sinoy? sin)? G- =) 1-sh@ __1 sino * V1 osin?@ “cos ~ tos8 cos = sec 0-tan@ = RHS Hence proved, 2 "6 Prove that amt, = Lema (2012) sec 8— = 0: ww ) LHS = = ecd= Ieee OF) [+ 1+ tan? = sec? 9} (sec 8-1) ieee Lt coed (secO+1) _ cos —c0s 0 = “ec0-1 7 Ly ~ Tess cos 0 ‘cos 0 = tess © Rus Hence proved. Trigonometrical Identities a Scanned with CamScann:Ex.27. . Prove that (cosec A —sin A) (sec A- cos A) sec”A = tan A. Sol. LHS = (cosec A —sin A) (sec A cos A) sec7A ty 1 1 a) = (Gx) (eee 8 A) IR 10s" A), —1_ -( cosA cost A iw A 1 = -—4— = tana = RHS ="sinAcosA cos?A Hees pny in? 3 2 3 sin? A+ cos? A , sin? A—cos’ A _ Ex28, Provethat “Sn AtcosA * sinA-cosa =? Sol. Using a? + b? = (a +b) (a?—ab + b*) and ab? = (ab) (a? + ab + b?), we have in? a 3 3 sin? A-+cos* A, sin’ A - cos? A_ Us = sin A + cos A + sin A-cos A A +cos A) (sin? A — sin A cos A + cos” A) (Gin A¥ 00s A) in A ~ cos A) (sin? A + sin A 006 A +cat) a (sinA-cosA) = 1-sinAcosA + 1+ sinAcosA = RHS Hence pod Ex.29, Prove the identity; —,—t#n@ _ = ‘sin? 0 +sin 6 cos 6 cos 0 ce LHS = re a i: a cos +sin 0 cos 0 sin o( ‘cos 8 cos) tan0 tan 0 1 nd ____tan@_ Hence po sin O(sin?0+cos?@) tanOX1 cos 8 Ex.30. Prove the identity: /sec” 0 + cosec”@ = sec cosec 0 Sol. LHS = ysec?@+ cosec?8 = > cos’ = 1 = oes cos? Osinzg ~ SEO cosec = sec 8 cosec 8 = RHS Heer? Ex.31. Prove the identity: it A+ tan B 2 © 2 = cot AtanB ji) Lttan?6 _/1-tanoy + (i 44tan 6 _(1=tan6 tb awa) Trento “(teeot8) Sol. (i) Lus = SotA+tanB _ (I/tan A)+tanB cotB+tan A ~ (ftanB)+tan A (1+tan A tan B) ana a B__ (¥ tan A tan By cot A tan B = RHS WHR, Pepechen etl? Mathematics (ICSE) —19 scanned witn va@ roe the entity: att RHS Hence proved. 13, Prove the identity: a a e rove the identity: ————— ~ 5 -—_+_ cosec A—cotA SiNA sin A cosec A+ cot A St 1 1 1 1 cosee A-cotA sin A cosec A+cotA Grouping similar terms, we get Zl +—_|_- = cosecA=cotA cosecA + cotA sinA sinA 4 2eosec A = 2 Taco@A Sin cosec!A-cot {1 cosecZA —cot7A = 1) A = a . 2eosec A = 2.cosee a istrue, 2 24 1 “5 Prove the identity, 7A. 4 2074 = costA sin?A —sin’Acos & sin? cost 1 costa sintA sin” ACOs A = sintA 008A .y 2 <1 cost sin’ sin?A cos A cos? sin?A. sin?Acos'A s (sin? A+ cos)” {x (sil At Or = Tacos sin2A cos’ A sin?A cos et s 1 oe te = -3 cos? A sin? A. (cos? A + sin? A) (1)°=3 cos? A sin? A (1) = 13.08? A sin? A Scanned with CamScannisecO__ cosecd cosec?® —sec*9 Sol. LHS = (1 + cot @ + tan 0)(sin 0 - cos 6) in 0 cos 0 + cot 0 sin 0~ cot 0 cos 0 + tan O sin 0~tan dcosg cos?9 : sin * cosO| Ex.36, Prove the identity: (1 + cot 6 + tan 6)(sin 6 -cos 6) = = sin ~cos 0 + cos 0— secO__ cosec® cosec?@ sec@ = RHS ; secO+1+tan@ _ 1+sin@ \ ‘secO+1-tand cos (secO+tan0) +1 (sec + tan8) + (sec@- tan*0) “secO+1—tand (ec +1- tan) (sec 6+ tan 6) + (sec 0 tan 6) (sec 0 + tan 6) : (GecO+1—tand) « sec%0 —tan"0 Ex.37. Prove the identity: Sol. LHS = (6ec0 + tan0)(1 + secO ~tand) 1 pe oe (sec +1 tan) Bee ee a0 cad = Lisind _ Rs Hence pred 20s ino? 1. Ex38. Prove the identity: (2090+ indy 1-p— = 800 @ Squaring and adding both sides, we get eahfeG} saver’? ° a fq, SO: 60s (50° + 8) = sin (30° + ®) ; : c0s(50° + 8) = sin(30" +9) . sin (90° - 50° = 9) = sin (30° + sin (40° - 0) = sin (30° + . i 7 ae 2S so +0 = 2020 ~ o-8 Scanned witEx44, Solve: sec? 0 + tan?@ = 3 5 Sol. Given; sec? @ + tan?@ = > 29 = = 14+ tanto + tanto = 3 = 2tan’O= 3 = tan® cos? Ex.45, Solve: — °° 9 — = 3 cot” 0 cos? 2 i cos? 1. , cos? Sol. Given; =e tas > cos?@ = 3 (cot”@ - cos” 8) ; ? 1=sin*0 00870 one? A ° cota = (SE 4) senso sin? ) 2 29 29 = recx29 £088 _, 1 = 3008 a cos? @ = 3cos” 8 sin? SA elena > tan? = 3 => tan@= V3 = 0= 60" Ex.46. Solve: 2 cos? 0 + sin0-2=0 ni; 2cos?O + sin@-2 = 0 2(1-sin?@) + sin@-2 = 0 2-2sin?0 + sin@-2 = 0 2sin?9-sin@ = 0 sin (2sin 8-1) = 0 Either sin@ = 0 or 2sin@-1=0 > > = > > => sind = 0 or sino = sin 30° 0 = 0" or 6 = 30° A Bx.47. Solve: £22 cos 0 + 2 2 sin? 0 cos*@- 3c0s0 +2 Sol. Given; : sin?0 = c0s?0-3cos0+2 = 8 2 > cos’ 0-3 cos 0 + 2 = 2(1 - cos? 9) = — cos" 0-3c0s +2-2 + cos? = 0 » = 30s?8-3c0s0 = 0 => 30080 (cos 8-1) = = Either 3 cos 6 ean oie ° = cos 0 or cos@ = 1 050 = cos 90° or cos 0 = cos 0° > 0 = 90° or o= er Ex8, Solve: 3 tan 0 + cot 0 = 5 cosec Sol. Given; Ban 0 + co0 = Scosee 0 3sin0 | coo . > Sao toe = Ow Ssin’O+c0s79 5 cond "sind ~ Fng = “Te = Se = 30-030) + 00570 = Seosq “Sind sin 20570 + Scoso-3 = 9) _ ‘Together with” Mathematics (ICSE) — 19 scanned witn Cal2008" 0 + 6 cos 0~cos 8-3 = 0 2 2e0s0 (cos 8 + 3)-1 (cos +3) — 9 2 (€08 8 + 3) (2cos0~1) = 9 2 Bither 080 +3 = 0 oF ong 2 cos = ~3, a 2cose = 1 1 - cos = 3 : 0 = 69 Solve:2 tan 36 cos 30 - tan 30 + 1 = “a 2tan 30 cos 30 tan 30 ~2.cos 30 + 1 2 tan 30 2.¢05 38 -1)—1 (2cos 36— 1) cos 30 =0 0 3 @cos 36-1) (tan 30~1) = 9 = Either 200830-1 = 0 oF tan39-1 Ee 2c0s30= 1 oF tan 3 7 CM 5 cos 30 = LS A Band Care acute angles of AABC. P; ~1=0 * Which is not possible 1 = tan 45° rove that tan (A$8)= cot £ Sik Wenow that A+B+C= 187 > A+B = 180° (A+B) LHS = tan GF 180°C © = tan (8 } = tan (oo 5) = cot =RHs Hence proved. Practice Questions “vou cease #onometrcal tables (Q1-2: | Without using trigonometical tables, find the value of x LBS cosas" (Q8 cosecgs° 8 ASRCIT tangas 7 omer os? 44° 4 coe? age 78 Cota t 60S? 44° + cos? 46% A Ls, ir “0 4 tnd the value of 3in0~3 cos® 10, agg 5sin® +2cos0 i 06, find the value of 5 sin @-3 tan @. u. Hse = 2, evaluate L+tan0+cosecd | hour ye: L+c0t0 ~ cosecd 12 Slings 8 ‘igonometrical tables, evaluate the nn ot ie 0 sineon Seos*60* + 3 tant60°—2tan? 45°, 4 4 60°) ~2 (cos? 45° ~ sin? 60°), = 9%): cot" 45° — sec? 60° + sin? 30° = i 2cosec? 30° + x sin? oor -2 tan?30° = 10, IEA = 30°, verify that tan 24 = 200A 1~tan?A, IEA = 60° ,B = 30°, verify that cos (A~B) = cos a cos B + sin A sin B. Iftan (A +B) = and cos B. Iftan 6 + cot 6 = and sin (2A ~ B) = 1, find cos A find the value of tan? 6 + cot? 9, Prove the following identities (Q14 - 32): 1 1+cot?0 cos?8 + al Trigonometrical Identities wz scanned with Camscannpete At—t_ai Ts tan’A 15. si ing = (sec 0 - tan 6)? T+sind secQ -tan@ secO +tan6 (1 +sin9)?+ (1-sin6)? 2cos*0 1-sin?0 (sin A + sec A)? + (cos A + cosec A)” 1 + sec A cosec. ay (sin A + cosec A)? + (cos A + sec Ay = tan’ A +cotA+7 2 2 M an. (d+) + (tno) = (ESS) vA 1-2secO tan + 2tanO 18, _lsin?@ 19. 20. eos cos) ~ 7\1-sin?0 22. (secA + tamA~1) (SecA ~tan A+1)~2tan A =0 2 23, 14228 __ = cose T+cosee 6 24, sec A (cos A~sin A) = 1-tan A 25. (1 + cot A-cosee A) (I + tan A + sec A) = 2 26. (sec 0~cosee 6)(1 + tan 0 + cot 0) = tan @sec 0~cot 0 cosee 0 a. —+ 1 =2sec0 T+ sind 1 sind 28. 2 29, SimAx cos — 2c0s?A 30, 31. 1 1 32, (cosec 8 -sin 8) (sec 0 cos 8) = ——1__ ane ian0-+cot0 Eliminate 8 (Q33 - 34); 33. Ifa cos @ + b sin @ =m anda sin 0b cos 0 =n 34, x= asecO + btan@,y=atanO+ bsecd 35. Solve: (a) 2cos30= 1 (6) tan 5A 36. Solve: 3 sin 0 = 2 cos? 6 MQ INTEGRATED EXERCISE 1g the formula: sin 0 = | £9525, nin? 2. Solve: 2+? sin 30° = sec 30° sin 60°, 1 L+cosee® _ costo 3. Prove that = cosecO T=sind WDB Poecte wee® Mathematics (ICSE) —10 37. A, Band Care acute angles of aage B+C A sin ( ; ) cos 4 Find the value of the following without usi tables (038 - 42): sre omc, 38. sin 35° sin 55° - cos 35° cos 55° 39, (sin 72° + cos 18°) (sin 72°~cos 18%) 70 thy 2 ) ~2c0s 60° Ssin17” | 2 cos31° _7sin 80° * cos 73 cos 10° 42, cot 20° cot 35° cot 45° cot 55° cot 70° 43, Evaluate cosec (65° + 6) ~sec (25°-9) ~tan $5°=0) +e a54y cosd, sind that —_—_ = 44, Prove that = ogo) *cost=a) *? 48, Find the value of: cos(90"- 6) cot + 2080, £0508) a Sin(90° 8) * sec(90°-6) If A and B are complementary angles, then pro th, (Q.46-47): cosA 46, sin A = cosA sinB sin tan 2a tanB Prove the following identities (Q48 -51): simA | 14008A 9 cosee A, T+cosA* sina —E sec A+tanA cosA cos sind tand -cos0 "T+ cos6 O-+cosec 0 cot - cosecd +1 $2, Ifxcos 0—y sin 8 =a andxsin 8 +y 00s thatx? + y? =a? +b? 050 cosecO + 1 cosecd-1 Find the value of tan 67°41" 1+ 48, 49. sec A= tan 50. = sec@ cosecO + cot =cosecO+cot8 cos6 53. Solve: aa 54. sind, 140088 2 pooch i TecosA* sin show 5. tones ain ‘and sec 0-005 b? (a? + b? +3) = 1. elt 6. Find the value without using i800” 4. Prove that 030-0 ab scanned witn U: nn| —— tan?A_,_ cota 1, soon tt aA 1 +eorA, Tacosd _ _ sina show that Jeet T+ cosa 2013) i ; 234° 1 using trigonometric tables, evaluate sin? 34 9 Mig + 2tan 18° tan 72°—cot 30", 044) i Ssin?30° +cos*45°- 4tan?30" 10, Evaluate: % 2 21, Solve: —Si8® __ 5 tan?@ - sin? sin, _cos® 22, Prove that = cos @ + sin 0 (2015) cot 0 T=tand 23. Prove that 4 tan A=secA vo16 Tesind 6. If'sec@ + tan 6 = p, show that 2 sin® piel 7. if cos 0~b sin 8 = c, prove that a sin @ + b cos 0 Vee 8. Without using trigonometrical tables, evaluate: =tan 8 cot (90°-8) + sec 8 cosec(90°-8) + sin?35°+ sin?55* tan 10°tan20° tan 30° tan 70° tan 80° Ler } Without using tigonometrical tables, evaluate: cos?20° + cos*70° — 4 tan 13° tan 77° ats the value of (1 - cos?@)cosec’0? Tevet, 3 Prove that: tan 6—cot 9 = 28in?0—1. i sin@cos® Show that; £050 4 £088 1sin6 “Tesi lot sind * Blninate 6, = 2sec 8 it< coso + 2 sino = 1 and a b (ug "MA +005 A =a,tan A + cot A = b, show that Trigonometrical Identities = oes tative With Camscann