"frag raver aaj {| - aT ara aaR r 6 one aA anes “heeds. made_of ne matesaujathed Togamer ax —_-Shawe_in fig The + Lar js Subjected tagnaopial pusl bE JokN. _ pDetermine the Asplacement j-Streu_and_reaotion_ot_each af the = 3 2 2 o 2 20. Cn = sb \ eg vfs = oT SOTA, = NJ piscren'zonon oF stepped bor!- Element Crlobel Node Number. Nuraber tocelNede} Local Nodes mG i 2 ® 7 ae Bl dee thes , “2 Element Sif ined Mowe, - f tecn op. o —=30 Bac} 3 * Gobo} ‘oad vector. tod Globe) Node TaRGRON VeCT I Fonte? Faas mm, Us} a “* CHobot Noda} displacement logo SHEEN eS Maur sor, [5] Gonf = FFF e =36 BePOST PE Pa Adding .36.% Rout 16 howl eae tot! “Dae 20 Ftly 2 to oe 0 50,40 ire 10410 lg = 0.0 39782 99-73 410°S. Ug t 6.G0¥1073 5 0 9 - P Unf: J co sooria'§ Oe L 30.72 740'S sStaser In erement * Fremenr O) : ofr ry spe Qoov jo? [> basil — 3h J Ue eben Et — - 2 FATT: 6m Se+ Reaeson Force at Support.ts JokN and SEN Res pectively ube following date iw, 15omm2_,Ae =laamm2 >} £ zd00%io3 Neen? _£,2 70% oe Neng 1 he Has - 8138x103 FO Rage f 27438 x 41078 a +SHeed in gement: “Element ¢i- pc Ff = ¢ fh ert S00 ¥105 Fa Ha} 6, £38.39 mm “Blemenr D:- : Gist ff 1 Fn f= oo 2 lone fat ae Fo. " F 2788x103 | 4 = 60 NJmm? eockion Force oy- 94} ¢ Consider_the bos_ciement Shown.}n Bg An. oniar =| Pepaa se nen -is_applied 94 —S.hown Are Aaa = + £4: 702103 Nimmo f_ = 2004103 M/rqm? es SS err, ———— 18.0 re one 1) Disorttz ones ak Srepped bar: eee Global Node Number oF tH? ements Loc Node! * '.locod Nodes Loca Nodes © | tocol Nodes 1-9 ' ° i. - a a : 42) 4 8 2) Elementay SriFFned masiot, = 2000 % 710x109 180 =: _— = 104 f-azsoes se ~98:8939 98.9333 _. [[ralse fa = gon tanua* == = to | 80 ~ 80 — il =o €0 Hobos aaaa Cilabit TrBtneed reagent P | ~ fot foe eae® - ghsags 6 +4 622% ona.aase -$0 0 + Po Re * Global Inod Mor a J | Fy ( Loar Jeo Olohal Node displacement Ment =, 0. Feu)> —— — Lb § 2 say $ _ b+) 2 “+ Grobe Stitfoed-nodel disptace ment laad helanoh;p. ‘[s2 cong 95.9989 oH os oo 98.9995 179.8983 ©nace et _ 2 6 _ ~ - q : =fonmtt | — = ee oN eo... — ns _i} ———— _- - a pesires 308 1 —_————— —F ——7 7 a ee , flement at _ 7 tl --_-—|-—-- cs oxo? rat J fears 3g4, ON i a 160 1 ———— + 2 5StY NIron® —— 4 Determine_the! Nadal _diaplace ment and -eleroen t Shoal “| for Stepped bor Shown_in Fi ee use Fotla ding data. — (Aye 500 mmS_j Ap= 260 Mm 22 Toxlo SN]mm™ “fae 0.08109. lmm2———____--_—--—— —T Namberor __ cHobal ement Node tH) __Mamber oF elements Loac Node! Local Node o- oO H 2 ®& 2 3ee = Sos eee oe ee Se {0st ef ate eH U Nsresses in cement: _——+ tees MN] ram™ _ __ i i \ Reaction Proce at Support + ; , Tron (-t13 #- 749x103) = Ry | rage = Ry i <= 104( -sox -7-4xio%) =P Rg: Q70e" Rg ——————= as) 5) Determine the Nodal diapincesien). or Node. eta = “Teich. morenal and Support reacHoans__/n ANE ban | ——ii Fig. clue ta applied force Ps 400 4103.N and Tera. Ste | rise of 30° Given. Ajz 240OMM2? _Ag= looa tea poy 800mm dye Yoo mm £2 OT} 05 mmP Lora, = hand ys 2exIQ- MC ay ete LOS Jig 500mm ————:«C@w pe ie | ns ee > x IP pisecitizentan _Of element: - es —— _— : Element Global nmodeNumber Mop j Nv Looe Node | Loco} Node’. _ SSE ee oa _& a a = a @ eemental SHFFned Marte j | [eye Be = ft “1 = 240020. sduigs [ =] | 800 rd | eint [ 6&6 “66 “BC 5 ] -!2oox ae aes 4 Yaa 2 tod So ~&0 f= eo} } - eo\ Global sufraay Menta DE Pept i ', [se ~50 O° te 88 oe - _ | wl5@ ng -6o Oo ~ <60 Co. —_—_ __ @ ~rereptae_Element load veoror. gg gy \ yrs f= [oon TE [poowtetf ) tTemproseire load vecror For clement. 1! FEF = ALE, @ ATs auaono. Twi08 pasnia°é, 80 FE spate ae 110880 | _| “Tempramure toad vector for element ai- FFP = Aol, a, AT= 100K An105 x uviors0 Uf 1 — : ee , 7 — a ©400 ee ) Globad load veorer” jefe TPE ties tp Pit i jefe Tar toate 7 ]yaxa80 | CR 4 eat @ Cloby Modo dts placement Veeron 2 : Pe - wy 7 Supe pa gs So Josey ee } $17, Globes sittnes: Nodal-d: fae ee ee Oo 760 it. Nodal alisplacementy —____— 1108 116y ag J YoUesO _ _ sty s 0, 306981) — — 2Q_ Hg=0 GB Support LeactHons- . i 1.4 (-56x0.3659 |) = Ri 110880 ye 9404.” =——_—___ ——=——= “ Lio (20 xoge69 )= Ret Se900 Rg: - 908940 ‘ 1 a ‘ [. Stress ed in Glemenl . | G2 Fi ‘Le pu : Gotu FM) > Fo ar t su 7 [ +4 g ss : , \ Go>-954960 —O64 O%iol load P= S09x1o3N is applied at a0’ po the \rod Og Shown in fg The Temproture -ig then rised [to 60% {I Nami ~ Steel, Ey2 Tonto9 N]/m2 faz 200%109Nms Ai = Joo rom? A= 1200 mm? Ch 2g xloe perc @ = INTRIOS pero. a Diseririzasion OF element: Number ol Globel - No of Node | emeor Loca) Node! Local Node a @ | 2 2 a: @) Elemental SHFEnES MOorrier. (Te a -1 1, 900rton10% [I ml] 4 us ft ee = (=! WJ [ 81g sis | 208 | : ae ag 916 |Chapter No: of 2p- Finite erement Analysié TF 3 . 6. - ; @ 7 aee7Io* ors T _ oo at =—— Jos o 0 aa po =U} CHET ]o ¢ ose] |: ong. 7% ¥ 103 [+ O-3 06 I oa! oO e 00.35(iat: [Mg Vex |_| toner) C¥r-45) [, [to-c) Conn [as Yaa! | Cong) (4-32) | lta-e) (ek — ~ re if = qa 3] = ab. [ej:_l [ys @ -Ys 0 Yi.) pl i OC ax GX O-% ~Y93 Yes ¥1g-Yia ~%_ Vs 4 s 1 JCva-¥e) 0 0 -(v-¥a) 0 (1 Yo) 9 = ob] @ -Cxa-¥e) a (xp=%g) 0 (Ky ~ [-€xo-¥e) (Yo-Yo) (¥p=¥ af Vi = 19) -(ere¥o (Y= ~ -1 |e-») o-(o-5) 0 (o-b) oo oa a8 ~(q-0) 0 (0-0) o -Co-a il “Ete: =o) (b= =b) (o-9)(o-b)-f0- -a) (o-b __, [xjzatzfo “ob 0 f-b’ of 7 I FF lo -9g 9.4 0 a irq Oo eo b @Q _~b ‘ 7 ere fos -a_| t a ablo -q_o8 Element snit-fnery Most int, —_——. eds te ofl” fol go] | t teab et foo = \ 2 ab ]9 -q 6 } 0.8 © co obo-bo o3 1,° |*/O-90e0048 [o 0 0:36. T-aoo0 ba- [o Ob o-b 0 i +s Q lo -aoooa \ ab 03h 0.95 ka O Ob a-bd| se) a ee — | _ | et vlo9.¢9 no5 [to.989% ‘ 0.250h 0,850 0.369 | ab a Q* -osh g _+0.5qb -o% o ' -osoh 42 OQ -b™ 0 735 ah a o___0.85b2 0.9595 -o5se nro 0.950% _a.dob ~b° _0.950h | (itsg.aset) -o “es whal ore the differcat finds oF _geamettic tow Uinearities oh apes beep oat frqwel__—___—_—__-— - 7 nontineacing an @ eameyg=—————— x d bye ve " N9 geomemic 43 Subseanhod deformation, _—— LINQa-tinear Conditions ore Come, —— — fatern caued hy the Srrucrure —— — | ; : _ _——the Changing geametia a ration dd _ : __Of the Se ret i , ; = Sy lekormation but a Donzlinearilig } - € geome 0139 due to_targ _—-ttie_non-lineoriry Cos set ra change io geomet arose -SccHon_due to Jonge \defaretinn. —————— “ pue ra Bending ' i ‘ Ter [eee ss notre EeNaolinear geame|ttia analysis dis placement A 7 rite Large smau_ahanget in-mag pirude of Foce® F/- Pans | ——Hinear_geametry 4 Can Change ConvergerS —© y Nedth 7 De OF amicd loads. 29 FEA Softmare Jeomerry ean . on _ 18 Solved simply hy keeping Naniinean Zone 5_ t ia n Monlincar means. the force VS a aa line ore. an eS bur varied he BULENeH ot the atuene. i" no tonger Cor aansiant bust varied not reaper 10 toadinn, —f OY at yr plastic yeitodon iat does Hot obeys Hook's tow (praseriol ger po —— ~ deren en’) _ —~ ustarge desorrnaiton, clue “Smott or targer 100d3: . \ @ Seometty (noo srineos't{) @nayerior(4or Hoear'r) - icons aor(rion-Fineos if). rére Ax quaiten berate O POra OMIy fgcomerste as pe ber Oraseriol oa Vineasiy te a In feos World ot engheerigg miatedal are Inbecently— \NoMlinear bw we Can tdealize. by..aceounting.only Certala — erfech cohich are fmpgckan+ fon onoly sthe Hinear ftmateriall [3 most in: PE... - 'sthe other Gare: IsMonrineot: ~ tetic if. the Seared ereeet eile na : ipiostto 7 the cletormoston is permanent. Diogie~gt thos Gre amesssnain conve former “Benen, =~ Mantinoaurity Peamred. tn care of mero! * —————_t_plaitie zane after Sve in whan mete 1 Santnear Strest Strain _curve— Sak Ly ig in itself rhud 1A both ™ = eke) from —_ ©@ conract None hs : | “ + De nearle i Golide Cootigion). ————— 7 n Centacr nanctineorit abrupt Charg yi : . Oceuc t : may oc when hodiel Came inte orc : —Type_of Nonlinearity ig sted to Qi mulate ———__ber heer Do_pacrs tiihile defining oacraat here7 oh Mpurer—dicled. Engineer! a = = ee - a Cetin the problemi: «Define the problem thot jou Pont +0 Sone Wilng Non-iinew CAL. This Cowd involve Strycrural Onalytiss Fluid dyna ANOS. “thermal Onassis, or any ofher Fad where a NON “linear behaviour ts im portant: @ Gomer Requirements = ideariey the Specific requ reme- Mtd_OF your problem, such 03 Gecuracy, Time Constrelnks cind computationas retourcel, mis wih hep,you derermne _Sofiwere and rools For your Nonelinedr CAL Simulated @) Swect CAE softwore:- AS per at requiremenns select opprepriote CAE Sofhiare. [st There are fot OF Commereral of Peuoy op en Source | Softwore are owolable in markep . | Cha gus, Ansys ,Ls-OyNA), —[t) obtain Training ond Resources'- Acquire the necessor yo : ] Treining ond resources te teann howd touse the Sceced | ‘non-linear CAE Soft@®are Stheenvers.: ' & Bulid the Model Creare ag Cormprdasionc} modes thar represenrs the phy Sicas Sastem or phenomende you Wonr 10 anaze i This in invatuel_clefining the Geomeny, marerial peopertlel ky ndifans , an d_tey anyother Pease ——i paramerers, : ; iaa | =| Top — - @ Detine Simulou ion Sesrings Contig fe the Simulation noel tower options Nan tinea Simulations often fegiul (Th eratlve procedure! Convergence checks oad-adwanced _———sumericol 7 Fechniques to handle Noa=tineasiet————— |! . (run the simusorten, : @ Kran ee Rejults: : GQ) Voridate and V4erole. Go) Optimize ond improve._ or Centoor: © Geometry ond Meshing” UT ans “Consider me mesh refinement require ments Fer accurate “Lapptopriate oonshitutive modes that represents the Dens __. near to A i NRE plat! _ levy ) hyperetot__—_+_- Pt & Boundary Condi¥00S" apply ane agpingsiote-baund _— Le cotta a ln— GY def ine ‘Pnatysis Setings:s of pre anatysiss : e154 Specie he Type-of analysis - i feng. Searle, quatie grace). load Steps, Convergence ~ Leen sider mhe Time- Sreps or load Capare the Non-Iineet behaviow” acourat a oo . © Non- linear Sower emecution tx face “Sower tO perform the anol 7sis A 1 . , Lirt ae ity wary Seve the equilsran equi a . t . WAHL Convergence is achive each lead $ ___()_Posr > pro cetsin and Reywt Puvuariod 1-_ Analyze aq interpret the fpedswit obrained Froro te Non - lineor g,, ananjsis + tye post-processing Toots te visuasice 29d evar, the deformations, Gresed , stains cand other tGayenp idatlan and iterattans unidare ne a v Im SH estolaiis hed ang tytical sole Y€ quaiiable, _(dse0 sitiviny Anadys}s and Opeimization:- perform | Sengitivir \ i Sak = My Qnaiy ss ar opimizotion Studies to hnvesitg ote € ef Fear of verying porom@rens oF opHmize the desin bared On the Aon -Nneor Anetd ysis’ reyults Ito ee {) Documenrotan and Reporting ir in = ral«Stoic analy Si3 'S @ gomputational roethed, rt Sed for evorte response of _|S#uoture under q ser of predeter bured For invowes Simuoring the response of Structure Sbjct t Foowel on eoromining the System's benaviow aka particu Time dependent often. Prt con Simware Scenavios ain Blew or quesi- store toading [mined loads or heundary aandino} pointin Hime without. — ted to Time-vory'ng loads. SHOn - Tbradiony of las impace toad , vibration marmanie caeltrotied J oynomic anosysis Consiserd the Veriotlan of lads, d'splace ments, velocities over IME. Condiprors, ousumed| \ [Sy sren. feppans® Con be [to be} ittieet Ing Sree“G2 Fepteta free ond forced Vibrations, “7 © free ulbration: : . » se The Term "Frecuibrationic ated 46 : eT, indicare tror there is no Eorerney Force Cauting the motion ond We motion is primarily th iHod condition Sven OO on j, eler of jal dis placement of the mau element of Hye System From on equlisnum pesitien aad gn Inbal veloc! ——Stustare or _system ———H pooit ofter gn initio 1a free cibrobian 1 the Sruotute of ———-Naturol freq e hes ———mrined_by th biffness . 9 Modo ESE os Fequenciel_sdempin LOnd_ the AM pbude ¢ ad Feegency Obthe_oppited fo eee ape Sas =I 7| Computational Fiaid pynamies ts abrevored oa cro. rt iso ——Oumencal rao) for Sat ng flasal 2 nomics 24) aHinns ¢ sing ~The numerical Tecnaiquel thet are wed ro hserehze the Fratd-eq erate =——_—— Pini Dynamics Tn three Dimensions __+___— 7 | FS 897 CME problem may be represented Interms oF the Foliqading = @ level oF physics © Compurieg power required, II @ltwea oF geamerric complenity - oe y | \Some Tssuey © FloWUia @ Quest-one=Aramensional Norzle with o vorichy OF How chorocrensHes j 716 A Flore plase ta passed by farni nor boundery layer, Pp The Compressible flow shock Tube problem A a__O.simple Geometry, to. lex_physies {~The genes otian of — vor ces creates cauiry Issues is o_ geod. edan'oN.—— i Al throu ghee _Geamerry ic -boate. Physice_ma7-b e—Campl —_—itated, and the Fined model might be clirectsiumericel — a Le nt, obon of rhe lan ce $$ _$__—__$_—. [equ over the entice ceto plane fs on Cuomple OF complica: geometry —and Campled physics. :Ysis Of Osecroft and Spacecraft to | - Q \ . Aerospace enginee ring = a -Aerodynamie Bhat - - Oprioni y : Z ie oe design Qnd improve. fuer erticiency. Fe ie HERON of IFr) drags ond Other cerodyname Farce! J For toproved Aer formance. P ; ti Simularion oF airfied around eings , Fuselage and conta! Surfaces. : 3 t Anaiysis OF Combetion Ond -thermol management Sys hems 7 toJer engines . 4 jesreidy of Heat Transfer and Thermo} effect! 99 | bs Automobile Engineering! |e Study oF Fivicl —_[braire¥ and coo! | P Analysis OF airflod oreund venioles to reduce ser Oer0 d-jna- lies drag and enhance fuel efficiency + + Opti mizaron oF Cooling Systems, Such 3 rad'ator derign and odrFloW “through -the engine Somporinent: hSimwoton OF Combustlan processes in tnremos Combija | tr Control. Assessment of vehicle Stabill isos Through aerod{ Mamie Force - Flow and heck’ transfer In venice Hon engined For improved ferformance and emission Hand Hard ling horaarer { 1By 4 1 I+ prouysis Of Fiild< struniret inrergotian bor offShare fotparms crnol odtad-Tuthines el eta ens : giana pee : |gh) Discos hE _CONCEeRE OF FER For Srrucral Jy omics “land ocowres Used In Nun amalys's. [Noise OnWanked Sound or disturbance fn.an ecronie “Signal Is _reFfred to os Noise. i Acousrle Noise Is energy thar is Transported roraug [the ale and generores audible disruprons usnon | mechanics | Acounto intensiry Mapping and Como * inj Mapping ubiced te lise SeporoHon ase nde Teois mar may be Find the optimoy noise reducton approach: Vibration i> vibraHon isan osciiiation thot creates Noise and oiscuprion. oO ibration fs often of Concern loeding to the pnysicet impack Onich a Can Couse Josstarbance to individual ; InterripHons fn erectriod! NSyerem sy and failure or breakdowa in meonaniool Oysters oa \ es wed to ter leShakers and Oontrowers are_techniqu ibrotton concern: i | Hara hness Harshness Is often wired to Charaaten! se the Severity ond. discomfnst—aujacloredl_olin. both — {tncarnn ond loudaels, Eble a quoriea tive guste ocuied_nn desirable atribute torres than—on—quant!iaoe mestios———— aoe ~—_|tNUH Tetting #8 fe widely © daly e€d 1 +h praing for Noise (Uibrexon rand bit nduatry far ouairy avuren = _ 016C and oibtatton reduon both the Inter jor | er etheriar of yon! 7 icles. T4ploosty —sne_ptocat_oce 1 at = ete SetdepeneatoF pasa OSound level Meter ‘© Sound Power G Sound Quran'ny O Sound Lnvrensi ry. —e Ociqve baad Anadysig. 7 = i_ Ga) Ensisr the cre Softa ere—ubed far ditferent app lication of ee LoPE Write OF 1eoit Jo Sokidare ed] th thelr oppticabo o, | Tan s¥S = Finite Eremem analysis (FED), Compurotonas Fluid dynamics CEFD), ot Elecromagnenos as Anotysis: ae gnehos, Sructur J aT) Abagqutls Stuqural onesy3i3 Nontinear aoe ysis. Sts 0 YN = Crean Simuaten, : ‘* a FEmpact anotysis, Esplovion Slmutotiont, | @)mse Nastran:- Srruargrod Anat ysis. Modot anot4sis a + Fasique anatyis. a [PIGimalio i Oirreos Tesring » MetHseate modeving. aL. ______ Product perfoemance Oprmizaton . -! ' )Comsot mes Hphysion! - mubiphystes sg imutation, Heat TransFer Anotysis. it) slemens New OND Modeling, FEA « t MoHon qnolysis, 30 Printing, \ aD) Sctidw@orks Simulotions- stare May sis 4» Dynamic Analy, tL, ores 9) thyjperBorks Ee Staary i ronan QMaUIATS. , opHtmizan'an 1fER [leop enFops Lo~t reslioanite Yor alae thore is ite isnot beeen these ‘three pont 1s Ovtadi tt In Deraloiiity fefent te produc reread ihe Srpentrency 1 $¥Ch ow tee DO yeory (or cderrenty period) 'v Rellobitiny tA Hvehood of Fallure Is Inonded ?9 réligh |. lia 1Su4ch oy hoving TII* CNaned ts Saeviving. : St \ - * Porigque s Fargque ls as FPalrure Heh Oct Shay t & load ty appiied eal saocsing PAs Fo Form “and extpand, mye Life enpecrenay of croak da dueHle Materials UP and ’ i eee NON eeile ore rang OowN Gritte material. =N Curve : “Life (abscissa) ts S oti OAs sispioyed on ag Seote with ~ +tdith near and stog thes gittened i rerned. | We Cycle Pati gue (uch) ee | 2 ee -