402 Chapter 6 # Introduction to Convection 6.2 Selected dimensi ness groups of heat transfer Definition Interpretation Biot number im Ratio of the internal thermal resistance ofa solid tothe a Zs boundary layer thermal resistance Bond number (0. pL? Ratio of gravitational and surface tension forces Bo) Coefficient % Dimensionless surface shear stress of friction we © Eckert umber Kinetic energy ofthe flow relative othe boundary layer 2) cnthalpy difference Fourier number a Ratio of the heat conduction rate to the rate of thermal (Fo) L ‘energy storage ina solid, Dimensionless time Friction factor dp Dimensionless pressure drop for intemal flow o (Dy pnt 22) GrashoF number gB(7,—T.)L3 Measure ofthe ratio of buoyancy forces to viscous forces Gn ae Colburn factor 2 Dimensionless heat transfer coefficient o SiPr Jakob number {HT To) Ratio of sensible to latent energy absorbed during (ia) Ie liguid-vapor phase change Mach nurmber v Ratio of velocity to speed of sound oo a Nusselt number bk Ratio of convection to pure conduction heat transfer u,) Peclet number Ratio of advection to conduction heat transfer rates ed Prandtl number Sty Ratio ofthe momentum and thermal diffusivities sy rua Reynolds number vw Ratio ofthe inertia and viscous forces 2) ¥ Stanton number = = Nut. ‘Modified Nusselt number ) Ve, ~ Re, Pr Weber number evit Ratio of inertia to surface tension forces, we e 6.7 Momentum and Heat Transfer (Reynolds) Analogy As engineers, our interest in boundary layer behavior is directed principally toward the dimensionless parameters C, and Nu. From knowledge of these parameters, we may com- pte the wall shear stress and the convection heat transfer rate. It is therefore understand- able that an expression that relates C, and Nw can be a useful tool in convection analysis. Such an expression is available in the form of a boundary layer analogy.