ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS ON BOARD

OFFSHORE UNITS AND

INSTALLATIONS

Rule Note

NR 428 DTO R01 E

April 1998
Bureau Veritas Marine Division General Conditions apply, as given in next pages.

Note: this document is a complement to Rules for Classification and is intended to be used
in cases and conditions specified within these Rules; the requirements of this document are
applicable, in these conditions, to units or installations for which the contract of
construction is signed 3 months after the publication date of this Rule Note; however, the
Society may refer to the contents hereof, as and when necessary or appropriate.
Outside the scope of Classification, contents of this document, unless otherwise
specified, will be considered as requirements for Certification by Bureau Veritas.
Bureau Veritas decline any responsibilities or liabilities for consequences which may
result from the application of this document outside above mentioned cases and
conditions.
 MARINE DIVISION GENERAL CONDITIONS
ARTICLE 1
1.1. BUREAU VERITAS is a Society, the purpose of
whose Marine Division is the classification of vessels, sea
and river units, offshore structures and craft of all kinds,
collectively hereinafter referred to as "ships".
The Society :
- sets forth and develops Rules, Guidance Notes and
other documents;
- publishes Registers;
- issues Certificates, Attestations and Reports
following its interventions.
1.2. BUREAU VERITAS also participates in the application
of National or International Regulations or Standards, in
particular, by delegation from different Governments.
1.3. BUREAU VERITAS can also carry out Technical
Assistance missions and provide special services exceeding
the scope of classification, to which Particular Conditions will
then apply.
1.4. BUREAU VERITAS is neither, and may not be
considered as, an underwriter, Consulting Engineer, Naval
Architect, Shipbuilder or a Shipowner, and cannot assume
the obligations incumbent on such functions, even through its
experience enables it to answer enquiries concerning
matters not covered by its Rules, Guidance Notes or other
documents.
ARTICLE 2
2.1. Classification is the expression of confidence given
by the Society to a ship, for a particular use or service and
for a certain period of time, by reference to its Rules,
Guidance Notes and other documents: this opinion expresses
only the strict personal view of the Society. It is represented
by a class published in the Register.
2.2. The documents issued pursuant to surveys carried
out by the Society's surveyors according to the methods and
modalities mentioned in Articles 3 and 4 reflect the condition
of the ship at the time of the survey. It is the Owner's or his
Agent's responsibility to maintain that condition until the next
survey required by the Rules.
ARTICLE 3
BUREAU VERITAS
- appraises specifications and drawings for the
construction of ships by reference to its Rules,
- inspects materials, machinery, equipment, fittings and
other items used in the construction of ships, by
reference to its Rules,
- surveys the construction of ships to ensure that they
are built in accordance with the Society's published
Rules,
- classes ships in accordance with its Rules and
publishes the ship's names in its Register,
- carries out periodic surveys of ships in service in
order to ensure that the requirements for the
specified class are met. It is the owner's duty to
report to the Society any incident or event affecting
the condition of the ship or the need for repairs,
whatever their nature or extent.
ARTICLE 4
4.1. The Rules, Guidance Notes and other documents
published by the Society endeavour to meet the state of
currently available technology at the time they are published.
Committees, consisting of personalities from the
International Maritime Industry, contribute to the development
of these documents.
The Society is not responsible for any inadequacy or
failure of such Rules, Guidance Notes or other documents as
a result of future development of techniques which could not
reasonably have been foreseen at the time of their
publications.
4.2. BUREAU VERITAS is sole qualified to decide upon the
meaning, the interpretation and application of the documents
mentioned above. Any reference to them is of no value if it
does not involve, accompany or follow a Society's
intervention.
4.3. The Society exercises due care and skill and acts in
a professional and workmanlike manner :
- in the selection of its surveyors,
- in the performance of its services, considering the
state of currently available technology at the time the
services are being performed.
4.4. Surveys conducted by the Society include, but are
not limited to, visual inspections, non-destructive testing,
laboratory testing and underwater inspection by divers.
Survey practices and procedures are selected by the Society
in its sole and absolute discretion based on its experience
and knowledge and according to generally accepted
professional standards in the Industry.
ARTICLE 5
5.1. No report, statement, notation on a plan,
review, certificate of class or any document or
information issued or given as part of the services
provided by the Society shall be given any legal effect
of implication other than a representation that the
ship, structure, item of material, equipment or
machinery or any other item covered by such
document or information has met one or more of the
Society's Rules. Any such representation is issued
solely for the use of the Society, its committees and
clients or other duly authorized entities and for no
other purpose.
5.2. The classing of a ship, or the issuance of certificate
with relation to, or in furtherance of the classification of a
ship or the performance of services by the Society, is not a
representation, statement or warranty of seaworthiness,
structural integrity, quality or fitness for a particular purpose
or service of any ship, structure, material, equipment or
machinery surveyed by the Society, beyond any
representation set forth in the Rules of the Society.
5.3. Nothing contained herein, or in any
information, report, certificate or like document
issued in connection with or pursuant to the
performance by the Society of its services, shall be
deemed to relieve any designer, naval architect or
engineer, builder, manufacturer, shipyard, seller,
supplier, contractor or subcontractor, repairer, or
owner, operator or other entity from any warranty or
other contractual obligations express or implied or
from any fault whatsoever, nor to create any right,
claim or benefit in any third party.
In particular, the Society does not declare the
acceptance or commissioning of a ship; that being the
exclusive responsibility of the owner.
The validity, application, meaning and interpretation of a
Classification Certificate or any similar document or
information issued by the Society in connection with, or in
furtherance of the performance of its services, is governed
by Rules of the Society which shall be the sole judge thereon,
in its absolute discretion.
ARTICLE 6
6.1. In providing services, information or advice,
neither the Society nor any of its servants or agents
warrants the accuracy of any information or advice
supplied. Furthermore, all express and implied
warranties are specifically disclaimed. Except as set
out herein, and also in the case of the surveys
mentioned in Article 1.2., neither the Society, nor any
of its servants or agents, shall be liable for any loss,
damage or expense of whatever nature sustained by
any person, in tort or in contract, due to any act or
omission or error of whatever nature, whether or not
negligent, and howsoever caused in any information
or advice given in any way whatsoever by or on behalf
of the Society.
6.2. Nevertheless, if any person uses the Society's
services, and suffers loss, damage or expense
thereby, which is proved to have been due to any
negligent act, omission or error of the Society, its
servants or agents, or any negligent inaccuracy in
information or advice given by or on behalf of the
Society, then the Society will pay compensation to
such person for his proved loss, up to, but not
exceeding, five times the amount of the fee - if any -
charged by the Society for the particular service,
information or advice and, if no fee is charged,
FRF 50,000.
Where the fees are related to a number of
services, the amount of fees shall be apportioned for
the purpose of the calculation of the maximum
compensation, by reference to the estimated time
involved in the performance of each service.
Any liability for consequential damages is
specifically excluded.
In any case, whatever the amount of the fees, the
maximum damages payable by the Society shall be
not more than FRF 5,000,000.
6.3. Any claim for damages of whatever nature by
virtue of the provisions set forth herein must be
made in writing, and notice must be provided to the
Society within three months of the date the services
were first supplied or the damages first discovered.
Failure to provide such notice within the time set
forth herein will constitute an absolute bar to the
pursuit of such claim against the Society.
ARTICLE 7
Requests for interventions shall, in principle, be submitted
in writing. They entail the acceptance without reservation, of
the present General Conditions and of Particular Conditions
which may be attached thereto.
ARTICLE 8
8.1. Any intervention of BUREAU VERITAS, whatever its
nature, whether completed or interrupted for any cause
whatsoever, shall involve the payment of fees upon receipt
of the invoice and the reimbursement of the expenses
incurred. Interests may be demanded in case of late payment.
8.2. The class of a ship may be withheld or, if granted,
suspended or withdrawn, in the event of non-payment of
fees.
ARTICLE 9
9.1. All plans, drawings, specifications and information
provided to the Society, or of which the Society may become
reasonably aware in connection with the performance of its
services, shall be treated as confidential by the Society and
shall not, without the prior consent of the party furnishing
such document, be used for any purpose other than that for
which they are furnished.
9.2. Records and other documents whatsoever relating to
ships classed with the Society shall not be disclosed or
communicated by the Society to any third party but with the
prior approval of the owner, unless it is in pursuance of an
order of the flag authorities or an injunction of a Court having
jurisdiction.
ARTICLE 10
Should a technical disagreement arise between the
requesting party and the BUREAU VERITAS surveyor, the
Society may, at the request of that party, designate another
of its surveyors.
ARTICLE 11
11.1. Any dispute over the interpretation, or the
enforcement of these General Conditions except as
regards article 8, or the performance of BUREAU
VERITAS' services, shall be submitted to arbitration in
London. Arbitration proceedings will be conducted
according to the English law on arbitration. The
arbitrator shall be selected by the parties and, in case
they could not reach an agreement, he would then be
nominated by the President of the Law Society of
England and Wales upon request of any party.
11.2 Disputes arising out of the enforcement of
the provisions of the article 8 shall be submitted to
the Court of Nanterre - France.
 CONTENTS
SECTION 1.  GENERAL ...............................................................................................................1
1.1. Scope - classification requirements............................................................................................ 1
1.2. National Authorities requirements .............................................................................................. 1
1.3. Units............................................................................................................................................ 1
1.4. General requirements................................................................................................................. 2
1.5. Conditions of operation............................................................................................................... 2
1.6. Protection index ......................................................................................................................... 4
1.7. Maximum voltage ....................................................................................................................... 6
1.8. Essential services........................................................................................................................ 6

SECTION 2.  DISTRIBUTION ......................................................................................................7

2.1. Distribution systems.................................................................................................................... 7
2.2. Essential services: supply, control............................................................................................... 7
2.3. Earthed systems.......................................................................................................................... 7
2.4. Earthing of non-current carrying parts ........................................................................................ 7
2.5. Emergency power sources and circuits....................................................................................... 8
2.6. External source of supply...........................................................................................................12
2.7. Particular provisions..................................................................................................................12
2.8. Diversity factors..........................................................................................................................14

SECTION 3.  INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS......................................................................15

3.1. General......................................................................................................................................15
3.2. Circuit design.............................................................................................................................15

SECTION 4.  CABLES................................................................................................................16
4.1. Choice of cables........................................................................................................................16
4.2. Current ratings...........................................................................................................................17
4.3. Cables installation .....................................................................................................................19
4.4. Type testing ...............................................................................................................................22
4.5. Routine testing...........................................................................................................................22

SECTION 5.  SWITCHBOARDS ...............................................................................................25

5.1. Location - Installation ................................................................................................................25
5.2. Design - Construction .................................................................................................................25
5.3. Distribution boards and panels..................................................................................................27
5.4. Measuring instruments...............................................................................................................27
5.5. Interrupting, disconnecting devices...........................................................................................28
5.6. Protection ..................................................................................................................................28

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SECTION 6.  ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES ..........................................................32
6.1. General ..................................................................................................................................... 32
6.2. Generating sets - Prime movers ................................................................................................ 32
6.3. Permissible maximum temperature rise for electrical rotating machines................................. 33
6.4. Characteristics of d.c. generators.............................................................................................. 35
6.5. Characteristics of a.c. generators.............................................................................................. 36
6.6. Control gear of electrical rotating machines............................................................................. 37
6.7. Protection of the electrical rotating machines........................................................................... 37
6.8. Testing of electrical rotating machines..................................................................................... 37
6.9. Tests after construction.............................................................................................................. 39

SECTION 7.  TRANSFORMERS..............................................................................................40
7.1. General ..................................................................................................................................... 40
7.2. Temperature rise of transformers.............................................................................................. 40
7.3. Service characteristics of transformers...................................................................................... 41
7.4. Protection of transformers......................................................................................................... 41
7.5. Testing of transformers.............................................................................................................. 41

SECTION 8.  ACCESSORIES...................................................................................................43
8.1. General ..................................................................................................................................... 43
8.2. Connection boxes...................................................................................................................... 43
8.3. Socket-outlets............................................................................................................................ 43
8.4. Control gears and starters ......................................................................................................... 43
8.5. Requirements applicable to interrupting and protective devices.............................................. 43
8.6. Lighting fittings.......................................................................................................................... 44
8.7. Heaters...................................................................................................................................... 44
8.8. Electronic equipment ................................................................................................................ 45
8.9. Electrical equipment in paint stores and in the enclosed spaces leading to paint stores.......... 45

SECTION 9.  STORAGE BATTERIES ....................................................................................46

9.1. General ..................................................................................................................................... 46
9.2. Installation and protection of batteries...................................................................................... 46

SECTION 10.  SEMICONDUCTOR STATIC CONVERTERS.............................................48

10.1. General.................................................................................................................................... 48
10.2. Design, installation .................................................................................................................. 48
10.3. Operating conditions ............................................................................................................... 48
10.4. Converter protection................................................................................................................ 49
10.5. Testing..................................................................................................................................... 49

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SECTION 11.  HIGH VOLTAGE INSTALLATIONS ...............................................................50
11.1. Scope .......................................................................................................................................50
11.2. General ....................................................................................................................................50
11.3. Rotating electrical machines....................................................................................................50
11.4. Transformers............................................................................................................................50
11.5. Switchboards ...........................................................................................................................51
11.6. Cables and cabling wires.........................................................................................................52

SECTION 12.  ADDITIONAL RULES FOR UNITS AND INSTALLATIONS INCLUDING

HAZARDOUS AREAS ...................................................................................................................53
12.1. General ....................................................................................................................................53
12.2. Electrical systems on board units and installations including hazardous areas.......................54
12.3. Electrical systems in hazardous areas......................................................................................55

SECTION 13.  SPARE GEARS .................................................................................................57

13.1. Generators and motors of essential services............................................................................57
13.2. Switchgear and control gear....................................................................................................57
13.3. Miscellaneous ..........................................................................................................................58

SECTION 14.  TESTS .................................................................................................................59

14.1. General ....................................................................................................................................59
14.2. Insulation level measurement..................................................................................................59
14.3. Particular checkings.................................................................................................................59

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SECTION 1.  GENERAL
1.1. Scope - classification
requirements
1.1.1. General
1.1.1.1.
Requirements of the present Rule Note are to be
complied with by electrical systems of offshore
units and installations intended to be classed by
Bureau Veritas.
Note:
the attention of the Designer is drawn upon the fact
that the present Rule Note is intended to be used as
specified by a set of Rules for Classification.
Indeed, the present Rule Note contains only
requirements applicable to a wide range of units and
installations, specific requirements being excluded
from its scope, as well as references to specific
requirements contained in other Rule Notes or Rules.
Using the present Rule Note without the support of
the Rules for Classification applicable to the type and
service of unit or installation concerned might
therefore lead to a complete misreading of applicable
requirements.
1.1.1.2.
The Society may, after special examination,
allow alterations or additions to requirements of the
present Rule Note in certain particular cases
relating for instance to small units, units operating
in restricted zones or platforms installed in
sheltered coastal areas.
1.1.2. Equivalent requirements
Possible compliance of electrical systems with
the recommendations of the IEC Publication
92: "Electrical installations of ships and of mobile
and fixed offshore units", or with the requirements
of equivalent rules or national standards may be
considered and may allow to regard them as
fulfilling the requirements of the present Rule Note.
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1.2. National Authorities
requirements
1.2.1. International Regulations
Attention is directed to the International
Regulations the electrical systems of the unit or
installation may have to comply with such as:
• IMO Code for the Construction and
Equipment of Mobile Offshore Drilling Units
(MODU code), in particular for drilling units;
• International Convention for the Safety of Life
at Sea (SOLAS), in particular for self-
propelled units.
1.2.2. National Authorities
requirements
Attention is drawn to special legal provisions
enacted by National Authorities which units or
installations may have to comply with according to
their flag, type, size, operational site and intended
service, as well as other particulars and details.
1.2.3. Classification and statutory
requirements
Compliance with statutory requirements
mentioned in 1.2.1. and 1.2.2. is not included in
classification scope but, in case of conflict between
the Rules and these requirements, the latter ones
are to take precedence over the requirements of the
present Rules, as stated in the Rules for
Classification.
1.3. Units
In the present Rule Note, and except when
otherwise specified, the following units are used:
• intensity: milliamperes (mA) and amperes
(A);
• voltage: volts (V) and kilovolts (kV);
 • power: kilowatts (kW); 1.4.3.3.

• wattless power: kilovolt-amperes (kVA);

Spares will be tested in position before unit
enters on service.
• resistance: ohms (Ω), kilohms (kΩ) and
megohms (MΩ);
1.5. Conditions of operation
• frequency: hertz (Hz);

• durations: hours (h); 1.5.1. General

• temperature: degrees Celsius (°C);
Unless otherwise specified, all electrical
• angles: degrees (°); equipment is to operate satisfactorily under
conditions specified in 1.5.2. to 1.5.5.
• lengths: kilometres (km); (simultaneous or not).
• diameters and displacements: millimetres
(mm). 1.5.2. Vibrations

1.4. General requirements 1.5.2.1.

The present 1.5.2. defines vibration conditions,
together with corresponding test conditions, to be
1.4.1. Additional electrical loads considered for the following equipment:

An addition, temporary or permanent, to the • instrumentation and remote control

load, as approved, of an existing system, is not to
be made until it has been ascertained that the
current-carrying capacity and the characteristics of
the existing accessories, are adequate for the
increased load.
Relevant drawings and other technical
documentation are to be submitted for approval, as
provided for in the Society's Rules for Classification
applicable to the unit or installation considered.
equipment;
• any other equipment, where specified, in the
present Rule Note or the Society's Rules for
Classification applicable to the unit or
installation considered.
Reference is made to IEC Publication 68-2-
6/1982/Test Fc.
1.5.2.2.

1.4.2. Low voltage or low power Where large equipment sets are concerned, the
vibration tests may be carried out separately on all
installations sub-sets; these sub-sets are to be connected to
the other parts of the equipment and be under
The installations not exceeding either 50 V or normal supply conditions.
20 kW (d.c. or a.c.), are specially considered;
some of the requirements of the present Rule Note During the test, equipment is to be under normal
may be dispensed with. power supply conditions; tripping point of pressure
and temperature switches is to be adjusted at 50 %
1.4.3. Spare parts of the measuring range.

1.4.3.1. 1.5.2.3.
The test is to be repeated with the equipment
In pursuance of Chapter 1 of Rules for
mounted successively in three mutually
Classification, spare parts listed in the present Rule
perpendicular directions, one of them being vertical.
Note are given for information only.

1.4.3.2. 1.5.2.4.
Within the frequency range considered, a
Spares will be carefully labelled and wrapped.
sweeping is carried out (maximum frequency
variation: 1 octave per min) to search possible
resonance frequencies.

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1.5.2.5.
Equipment is to operate satisfactorily under the
following vibration conditions:
• from 2 Hz to 13,2 Hz, with a displacement
amplitude of ± 1,0 mm;
• from 13,2 Hz to 100 Hz, with an acceleration
equal to 0,7 g.
1.5.2.6.
Equipment fitted on diesel engines and
compressors or in steering gear room (solenoid
valves, pressure, temperature, level, speed and flow
switches, etc.) as well as fire detectors, is to
operate satisfactorily under the following vibration
conditions:
• from 2 Hz to 25 Hz, with a displacement
amplitude of ± 1,6 mm;
• from 25 Hz to 100 Hz, with an acceleration
equal to 4 g.
Note: very special condition may exist, for instance on
exhaust manifold of Diesel engines and especially for medium
and high speed engines. Values may be obtained from the
concerned engine manufacturer. Otherwise, the following
values are to be applied: 25 Hz to 200 Hz, acceleration 5 g.
1.5.2.7.
In case of no resonance condition, a vibration
test is to be carried out 90 minutes at 30 Hz.
If a resonance frequency at which Q ≥ 2 is found
during vibration tests, an endurance test is to be
carried out for not less than 90 min at this
frequency and according to the direction where this
resonance has been found. In no case is Q to
exceed 5.
1.5.2.8.
During the vibration test, the working
characteristics of the equipment tested are to
remain within the limits specified by the
Manufacturer.
1.5.3. Inclination requirements
Electrical equipment is to be so arranged as to
operate satisfactorily under the following conditions:
• in the case of a mobile unit, motions to
which the unit is intended to be subjected;
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• in all cases, from the upright condition to the
values of inclination specified, if any, in the
Society's Rules for Classification applicable
to the unit or installation considered.
1.5.4. Marine environment
1.5.4.1.
Electrical equipment is are to operate
satisfactorily under the following temperature and
humidity conditions:
• as a general rule, standard ambient
temperature of the air is 45°C with an
average relative humidity of 70 %;
temperature of the sea cooling water is to be
30°C;
• on board units not liable to operate in tropical
waters, the standard ambient temperature is
to be 40°C and the sea cooling water
temperature 25°C;
• on board permanent or fixed installations, to
most severe temperature and humidity
conditions liable to be encountered on site.
Note: other conditions may be applicable to some equipment,
e.g. rotating machines (refer to 6.3.).
1.5.4.2.
Electrical equipment is to operate satisfactorily
when exposed to saline air or sea-water mist, in
particular at weather exposed location.
1.5.5. Voltage and frequency
variations
1.5.5.1.
Electrical equipment is to operate satisfactorily
when voltage and frequency variations in transient
condition reach the following values:
Voltage: ± 0,2 U n (1,5 s)
Frequency: ± 0,1 Fn (5 s)
Where U n and Fn are respectively the rated
voltage and frequency of the network.
1.5.5.2. 1.5.5.3.
Electrical equipment is to operate satisfactorily Contactors and similar electromagnetic
when voltage and frequency variations in steady equipment are to operate at 0,85 U n , U n being
condition reach the following values from the rated the rated voltage of the network, under the
values: conditions of 1.5.3.

Voltage: + 0,06 U n and - 0,10 Fn Note: in case the contactor coil is supplied by a separate
source, the corresponding voltage is to be taken into account
Frequency: ± 0,05 Fn instead of Un.

Where U n and Fn are respectively the rated

voltage and frequency of the network.
1.6. Protection index
According to their location on board, the
equipment are to be provided with an index of
protection against the penetration of solid bodies
and liquids, normally as per the Table . Protection
indexes IP XX are defined by the IEC Publication
529.

TABLE 1.6.
PROTECTION INDEX OF EQUIPMENT

Location Protection index Exceptions

.Dry accommodation spaces IP 20

.Dry control rooms

.Control rooms (navigating bridges) IP 22

.Engine and boiler rooms above floor
.Steering gear rooms
.Refrigerating machinery rooms
.Emergency machinery rooms
.General store rooms
.Pantries
.Provisions rooms

.Bathrooms and showers IP 44

.Engine and boiler rooms below floor
.Closed fuel oil separator rooms
.Closed lubricating oil separator rooms
.Ballast pump rooms
.Refrigerating rooms
.Galleys and laundries

.Shaft or pipe tunnels in double bottom IP 55

.Holds for general cargo

.Weather decks IP 56 Lighting fittings

(IP 55)

Note 1: the case of immersed equipment will be specially considered by the Society.

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Note 2: higher protection index IP may be required in some cases (accessories for instance); refer to the IEC Publication 92-201.

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1.7. Maximum voltage
1.7.1. Direct current
1.7.1.1.
Rated voltage of the electric supply, in direct
current, of the consuming devices is not to exceed
the following values:
• motors: 660 V
• heating and domestic appliances: 250 V
• lighting and socket-outlets: 250 V
• extra low voltage appliances: 55 V
1.7.2. Alternating current
Rated voltage of the electric supply, in
alternating current, of the consuming devices is not
to exceed the following values:
• motors:
• three phase systems: 1000 V
• single phase systems: 500 V
• heating appliances permanently connected
to fixed wiring:
• three phase systems: 1000 V
• single phase systems: 500 V
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• domestic appliances not less than 3 kW
permanently connected to fixed wiring:
• three phase systems: 1000 V
• single phase systems: 500 V
• lighting and socket-outlets: 250 V
• other heating and domestic appliances:
250 V
• socket-outlets to supply large power
auxiliaries such as welding stations, bilge
pumps, refrigerating plants: 1000 V
• internal communication, remote control
system and monitoring circuits: 250 V
• extra low voltage appliances: 55 V
1.7.3. Particular cases
For certain particular applications (propulsion or
other), voltage in excess of values given in 1.7.1.
and 1.7.2. will be specially considered by the
Society; Section 11. is applicable to medium
voltage a.c. installations.
1.8. Essential services
Essential services are those rendered by
servitude auxiliaries and complementary auxiliaries,
as they are defined in the Society's Rules for
Classification applicable to the unit or installation
considered.
SECTION 2.  DISTRIBUTION

2.1. Distribution systems

2.2.2. Control circuits
2.1.1. Authorised systems Where a stand-by set is provided with starter in
case of failure of the running set, the control and
The following parallel distribution systems with monitoring circuits of these auxiliaries are to be
constant voltage may be used: designed, except if duly justified, in such a way
that a fault at the control circuit of the set in service
• direct current: does not impair the operation of the stand-by.
• two-wire systems, with one possibly
earthed;
• three-wire systems, with the mid-wire 2.3. Earthed systems
earthed.

• alternating current: 2.3.1. Authorised uses

• two-wire, single phase systems, with one
wire possibly earthed;
• three-wire three phase systems, with
neutral either insulated or earthed,
directly or through an impedance;
• four-wire three phase systems, with
insulated neutral.
Systems of distribution with hull return or with
earthed distributed neutral (case of four-wire three
phase systems) are not permitted on floating
storage units; it may be admitted, subject to a
particular examination by the Society, in the
following cases:
• cases listed in 12.2.2.3.;

2.1.2. Non earthed systems • small units including no hazardous areas.

Note: earthing of neutral will be subject to special

Non earthed distribution networks supplying
examination by the Society.
heating or lighting equipment, or carrying electric
power, including the networks powered by
transformers, are to be fitted with a device designed 2.3.2. Cross sectional area of
to permanently check the insulation level and to
deliver audible or visible indication in case of
earthing connections
abnormally low level.
The cross sectional areas of earthing
connections are to be calculated according to the
characteristics of generators or transformers and of
2.2. Essential services: protective devices.
supply, control

2.2.1. Power supply circuits

2.4. Earthing of non-current
carrying parts
The switchboard outgoing circuits supplying
duplicated essential services are to be so arranged
that a fault at one of the circuits does not make the
2.4.1. General
other one unavailable.
Exposed metal parts of electrical machines of
equipment which are not intended to be live (except
the cases mentioned by the IEC Publication 92),
but which are liable under fault conditions to
become live, are to be earthed unless the machines
or equipment are:

• either supplied at an extra low voltage;

Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
7
 • or supplied at a voltage not exceeding 250 V
by isolating transformers supplying only one
consuming device;
• or constructed in accordance with the
principle of double insulation.
2.4.2. Earthing connection
Earthing connections are to be made of copper
or other corrosion-resistant conductive material;
they are to be protected where necessary against
mechanical damage and electrolytic corrosion.
2.4.3. Cross sectional area of
earthing conductor
Unless justification, the earthing conductor cross
sectional area is to be at least:
• if section of the main conductors is less than
16 mm2, this section of the main
conductors, with a minimum of 3 mm2;
• if section of the main conductors is equal to
or greater than 16 mm2, half this section of
the main conductors, with a minimum of
16 mm2.
2.5. Emergency power
sources and circuits
2.5.1. Emergency power source
2.5.1.1.
The following is to be fulfilled:
a) A self-contained emergency source of
electrical power is to be provided.
b) On floating units, the emergency source of
electrical power, associated transforming
equipment, if any, transitional source of
emergency power, emergency switchboard
and emergency lighting switchboard are to
be located above the uppermost continuous
deck and to be readily accessible from the
open deck. They are not to be located
forward of the collision bulkhead, if any.
c) The location of the emergency source of
electrical power, associated transforming
equipment, if any, the transitional source of
emergency power, the emergency
switchboard and the emergency lighting
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
8
switchboard in relation to the main source of
electrical power, associated transforming
equipment, if any and the main switchboard
are to be such as to ensure to the
satisfaction of the Society that a fire or other
casualty in the space containing the main
source of electrical power, associated
transforming equipment, if any, and the main
switchboard, or in any machinery space of
category A will not interfere with the supply,
control and distribution of emergency
electrical power.
As far as practicable, the space containing
the emergency source of electrical power,
associated transforming equipment, if any,
the transitional source of emergency
electrical power and the emergency
switchboard are not to be continuous to the
boundaries of machinery spaces of category
A or those spaces containing the main
source of electrical power, associated
transforming equipment, if any, and the main
switchboard. Where this is impracticable,
alternative arrangement of space boundaries
may be considered.
d) Provided that suitable measures are taken
for safeguarding independent emergency
operation under all circumstances, the
emergency generator may be used,
exceptionally, and for short periods, to
supply non-emergency circuits.
Note: exceptionally is understood to mean conditions such
as:
• blackout condition;
• dead-ship condition i.e. the propulsion plant, boilers and
auxiliaries stopped due to the absence of power.
2.5.1.2.
For units and installations where the main
source of electrical power is located in two or more
spaces which have their own systems, including
power distribution and control systems, completely
independent of the systems in other spaces and so
arranged that a fire or other casualty in any one of
the spaces will not affect the power distribution
from the others, or the services required in 2.5.2.
and other services that may be required by the
Society's Rules for Classification applicable to the
unit or installation considered, the
requirement 2.5.1.1. a) may be considered satisfied
without an additional emergency source of
electrical power, provided that:
 a) there are at least two generating sets,
meeting operational requirements stated by
the Society's Rules for Classification
applicable to the unit or installation
considered concerning inclinations, in each
of at least two spaces;
b) in the opinion of the Society, arrangements
of these generating sets and of switchboards
make a source of electrical power available
at all times to the services required in 2.5.2.
and other services that may be required by
the Society's Rules for Classification
applicable to the unit or installation
considered;
c) the location of each of the spaces referred to
in a) is in compliance, for floating units,
with 2.5.1.1. b);
d) the boundaries of the spaces referred to in a)
meet the requirement 2.5.1.1. c), except that
contiguous boundaries consist of an "A-60"
bulkhead and a cofferdam, or a steel
bulkhead insulated to class "A-60" on both
sides.
2.5.1.3.
2.5.1.4.
The emergency source of electrical power may
be either a generator or an accumulator battery.
a) Where the emergency source of electrical
power is a generator, it is to be:
• driven by a suitable prime-mover with an
independent supply of fuel, having a
flashpoint (closed cup test) of not less
than 43°C;
Note: refer to particular requirements of the Rule
Note "Piping systems on board offshore units and
installations" applicable in case of oil fuel having a
flash point lower than 60°C.
• started automatically upon failure of the
main source of electrical power supply
unless a transitional source of emergency
electrical power in accordance with the
following paragraph is provided; where the
emergency generator is automatically
started, it is to be automatically
connected to the emergency
switchboard; those services referred to
in 2.5.3. are to be then connected
automatically to the emergency
generator; and unless a second
independent means of starting the
emergency generator is provided the
single source of stored energy is to be
protected to preclude its complete
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
9
depletion by the automatic starting
system;
• provided with a transitional source of
emergency electrical power as specified
in 2.5.3. unless an emergency generator
is provided capable both of supplying the
services mentioned in that paragraph and
of being automatically started and
supplying the required load as quickly as
is safe and practicable subject to a
maximum of 45 s.
b) Where the emergency source of electrical
power is an accumulator battery it is to be
capable of:
• carrying the emergency electrical load
without recharging while maintaining the
voltage of the battery throughout the
discharge period within 12 % above or
below its rated voltage;
• automatically connecting to the
emergency switchboard in the event of
failure of the main source of electrical
power, and
• immediately supplying at least those
services specified in 2.5.3.
The following is to be fulfilled:
a) Emergency generators are to be capable of
being readily started in their cold condition
down to a temperature of 0°C. If this is
impracticable, or if lower temperatures are
likely to be encountered, heating
arrangements are to be provided to the
satisfaction of the Society.
b) The automatic starting device of an
emergency generating set is to ensure at
least 3 consecutive starts. A second source
of energy is to be provided for an additional 3
starts within 30 min (unless manual starting
can be demonstrated to be effective).
The automatic starting device are to be
maintained by the main or auxiliary
compressed air receivers, through a suitable
non-return valve or by an emergency air
compressor energised by the emergency
switchboard.
Where the automatic starting is carried out
with compressed air supplied by a
compressor reserved to this use, this
compressor is to be supplied from the
emergency switchboard.
 c) The emergency generator set and the
emergency battery are to be so designed
and arranged as to ensure that they will
function under inclinations prescribed by the
Society's Rules for Classification applicable
to the unit or installation considered.
d) Provision is to be made to maintain the
stored energy at all times.
e) All starting, charging and energy storing
devices are to be located in the emergency
generator room and are not to be used for
any purpose other than the operation of the
emergency generator set. This does not
preclude the supply to the air receiver of the
emergency generator set from the main or
auxiliary compressed air system through a
non-return valve fitted in the emergency
generator room.
2.5.2. Services carried out
The available electrical power is to be sufficient
to supply all emergency services, i.e. services
which are essential for safety in an emergency, due
regard being paid to the services that may have to
be operated simultaneously.
The emergency source of electrical power is to
be capable, having regard to starting currents and
to the transitory nature of certain loads, of
supplying simultaneously at least the following
emergency services for the periods specified below,
if they need electrical power for their operation:
a) For a period of 18 h, emergency lighting at
every muster and embarkation station on
deck and over sides.
b) For a period of 18 h, emergency lighting:
• in all service and accommodation
alleyways, stairways and exits, personnel
lift cars and personnel lift trunks;
• in the machinery spaces and main
generating stations including their control
positions;
• in all control stations, machinery control
rooms, and at each main and emergency
switchboard;
• at the stowage positions for firemen's
outfits;
• at the steering gear, as applicable;
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
10
• at the fire pump mentioned in item e), at
the sprinkler pump, if any, at the
emergency bilge pump, if any, and at the
starting positions of their motors;
• on helideck, including landing area
perimeter and obstacle lighting.
c) For a period of 18 h, the navigation lights and
other lights required by the International
Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions
at Sea in force.
d) For a period of 18 h:
• all internal communication equipment as
required in an emergency, i.e. between
the navigating bridge and the steering
gear room, the machinery control room or
equivalent engine control position, and
the telecommunication station(s);
• for self-propelled units, the navigation aids
as required by Regulation V/12 of
Amendments to the SOLAS 1974
Convention as amended; where such a
provision is unreasonable or
impracticable, special consideration will
be given by the Society for units of less
than 5000 tons gross tonnage, where
applicable;
• the fire and gas detection and their alarm
systems and;
• intermittent operation of the daylight
signalling lamp, the ship's whistle, the
manually operated call points, and all
internal signals that are required in an
emergency;
• where applicable, the capability of closing
the blow-out preventer and of
disconnecting the unit from the wellhead
arrangement, if electrically controlled,
unless they have an independent
emergency supply from an accumulator
battery suitably located and sufficient for
a period of 18 h.
e) for a period of 18 h one of the fire pumps
required by the Society's Rules for
Classification applicable to the unit or
installation considered if dependent upon the
emergency generator for its source of power.
f) for a period of 4 days any signalling lights or
sound signals which may be required for
marking of offshore structures.
g) for a period of 18 h, permanently installed
diving equipment, if dependent upon
electrical power of the unit or installation.
 h) on semi-submersible units, for a period of
18 h:
• ballast control and indicating systems
required by the Society's Rules for
Classification applicable to the unit or
installation considered;
• any of the ballast pumps required by the
Society's Rules for Classification
applicable to the unit or installation
considered.
i) on floating units, for a period of 0,5 h, the
power to operate watertight doors, remote
controlled doors and hatch covers, together
with corresponding alarms and controls, but
not necessarily all of them simultaneously,
unless an independent temporary source of
stored energy is provided.
j) in addition, for production installations, and
for a period of 18 h:
• the alarm and public address system;
• the emergency shutdown system.
2.5.3. Transitional source
The transitional source of electrical power where
required in 2.5.1.3. a) is to consist of an
accumulator battery suitably located for use in an
emergency which is to operate without recharging
while maintaining the voltage of the battery
throughout the discharge period within 12 % above
or below its rated voltage.
The transitional source of electrical power is to
be of sufficient capacity and so arranged as to
supply automatically in the event of failure of either
the main or the emergency source of electrical
power for 0,5 h at least the following services, if
they depend upon an electrical source for their
operation:
• the lighting required in 2.5.2. a), b) and
c). For this transitional phase, the
required emergency electric lighting, in
the machinery, accommodation and
service spaces may be provided by fixed,
individual accumulator lamps which are
automatically charged;
• services required in 2.5.2. d), unless they
have an independent supply for the
specified period, from an accumulator
battery suitably located for use in an
emergency.
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
11
2.5.4. Emergency switchboard
The following is to be fulfilled:
a) The emergency switchboard is to be
installed as near as practicable to the
emergency source of electrical power.
b) Where the emergency source of electrical
power is a generator, the emergency
switchboard is to be located in the same
space unless the operation of the emergency
switchboard would thereby be impaired.
c) No accumulator battery fitted as emergency
or transitional source of power is to be
installed in the same space as the
emergency switchboard. An indicator is to
be mounted in a suitable place on the main
switchboard or in the machinery control room
to indicate when the batteries constituting
either the emergency source of electrical
power or the transitional source of electrical
power referred to in 2.5.1.3. b) or 2.5.3. are
being discharged.
d) The emergency switchboard is to be
supplied during normal operation from the
main switchboard by an interconnecting
feeder which is to be adequately protected
as the main switchboard against overload
and short circuit and which is to be
disconnected automatically at the
emergency switchboard upon failure of the
main source of electrical power. Where the
system is arranged for feedback operation,
the interconnecting feeder is also to be
protected at the emergency switchboard at
least against short circuit.
e) In order to ensure ready availability of the
emergency source of electrical power,
arrangements are to be made when
necessary to disconnect automatically non
emergency circuits from the emergency
switchboard, to ensure that electrical power
will be available automatically to the
emergency circuits.
2.5.5. System testing
Necessary arrangements are to be provided for
the periodic testing of the complete emergency
system, including the testing of automatic starting
arrangements.
2.5.6. Particular provisions
applicable to fixed
installations
2.5.6.1.
Electrical power is to be provided, in case of
particular conditions causing loss of both main and
emergency power, so that enough of the luminaries
and communications listed in 2.5.2. are available to
permit communication and lighting to allow the
personnel on board to escape safely from the
installation and to maintain contact with the
external emergency services. The requirement is for
personnel to be mustered and either safely held on
board or evacuated by helicopter or sea.
2.5.6.2.
Electrical equipment to meet requirement
2.5.6.1. is to be suitable for use in Zone 1
hazardous area. The sources of power are to be
integral accumulator batteries arranged to supply
the service for an appropriate operating duration.
This duration is to be evaluated for each
installation, taking account of the maximum
number of persons on board and the estimated time
to evacuate the installation, without being less than
60 min.
2.5.6.3.
To provide communication required in 2.5.6.1.,
consideration is to be given to provide suitable hand
held radio sets at strategic locations such as
muster stations and local control points throughout
the installation. Where practicable, the sets are to
be provided with recharging facilities at the
locations.
Considering that hand held radios used in
abnormal emergency conditions may cause
problems (poor reception near fires and confusion
from attempted multiple use, etc.), it is
recommended to consider the use of alternative
systems which may be more appropriate and afford
safety and operational advantages upon hand held
radio sets.
2.6. External source of supply
Where arrangements are made for the supply of
electrical energy from an external source, one or
more connection boxes are to be provided with
appropriate connectors.
An interrupting and protective device is to be
provided in the vicinity of the connector. This device
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
12
is to consist either of a multi-pole switch and a set
of fuses, or of a circuit breaker. These devices are
to be permanently connected to the main
switchboard or to the emergency switchboard by
suitable cables; this circuit is to be provided, at the
main or emergency switchboard, as applicable,
with a multi-pole switch or a circuit breaker.
Where the external source of supply is of the
earthed system type, a terminal is to be provided
for suitable hull connection to earth.
A suitable device is to be fitted to the main
switchboard before the switchgear to indicate that
the external source feeder is under voltage.
A polarity checking device (d.c. supply) or a
phase sequence indicator (a.c. supply) is to be
fitted for comparing the external service with the
ship distribution network.
A notice is to be provided in the connection box
giving full information as to the nature of supply,
rated voltage, frequency, as well as the instructions
to make the connection.
2.7. Particular provisions
2.7.1. Lighting circuits
The arrangement of the main electric lighting
system is to be such that a fire or other casualty
in spaces containing the main source of electrical
power, associated transforming equipment, if any,
the main switchboard and the main lighting
switchboard, will not render the emergency electric
systems mentioned in 2.5.2. a), b) and c)
inoperative.
The arrangement of the emergency electric
lighting system is to be such that a fire or other
casualty in spaces containing the emergency
source of electrical power, associated transforming
equipment, if any, the emergency switchboard and
the emergency lighting switchboard will not render
the main electric lighting system inoperative.
In the main engine spaces and other large
machinery spaces, lamps are to be fed by more
than one terminal circuit, so that a failure on either
circuit does not leave these spaces in darkness.
All lighting and power circuits terminating in a
bunker or cargo space are to be provided with a
multi-pole switch outside this space for
disconnecting them.
2.7.2. Navigation light circuits
Electric navigation lights are to be connected
separately to a switchboard reserved for this
purpose and supplied, directly of through
transformers, from the main or emergency
switchboard. If the navigation light switchboard is
installed on the bridge, it may be supplied by a
distribution board located in the same part of the
ship and connected to the main switchboard by
means of two cables each one being capable of
supporting the full load; this switchboard will then
be considered as an extension of the main
switchboard.
It is to be possible to connect the navigation light
switchboard from the bridge, to a second circuit.
Each navigation light is to be protected by a fuse
in each insulated pole and provided with a double-
pole switch or by a double-pole circuit breaker fitted
on the board referred to above.
Each navigation light is to be provided with an
automatic indicator which gives audible or visual
warning in the event of unexpected extinction of the
light. If only an audible device is used, it is to be
connected to a separate source of supply, for
example dry cell or accumulator battery.
2.7.3. Fuel pumps and forced
draught fans
It is to be possible to stop the motors of boiler
forced draught fans and those of any fuel pump by
means of control devices located outside the
considered space at a place where they are not
likely to be isolated by a fire in the aforesaid space.
2.7.4. Ventilation
Power ventilation of accommodation spaces,
service spaces cargo spaces, control stations and
machinery spaces are to be capable of being
stopped from an easily accessible position outside
the space being served. The means provided for
stopping the power ventilation of the machinery
space are to be separate from the means provided
for stopping ventilation of other spaces.
2.7.5. Submersible bilge pump
circuits
Cables and their connections to pumps are to be
capable of operating under a water pressure
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
13
corresponding to their distance below the bulkhead
deck.
It is to be possible to start the motor of a
submersible permanently installed bilge pump from
an appropriate point above the bulkhead deck.
2.7.6. Fire pumps
2.7.6.1.
Arrangements and location of the power sources
and supply cables for fire pumps are to be in
accordance with requirements of the Society's
Rules for Classification applicable to the unit or
installation considered.
2.7.6.2.
Where an emergency fire pump is required, this
pump and its starting equipment are to be arranged
in compliance with requirements of the Society's
Rules for Classification applicable to the unit or
installation considered.
2.7.6.3.
Cables connecting fire pumps to the emergency
switchboard are to be of a fire resistant type where
they pass through high fire risk areas.
2.7.7. Fixed gas fire-extinguishing
systems
2.7.7.1.
If the alarm system required by the Society's
Rules for Classification applicable to the unit or
installation considered is an electrical one, it is to
be supplied by a main and by an emergency
sources.
2.7.7.2.
Inside the spaces protected by the system, the
electrical circuits essential for the release of the
system to be of a fire resistant type.
2.7.8. Fixed pressure water-
spraying fire-extinguishing
systems in machinery
spaces.
Where such systems are required and if the
pump of the system is powered by the emergency
generator, the latter is to automatically start in
case of failure of the main generator, in a way to
immediately supply necessary power to the pump.
2.7.9. Automatic combined
sprinkler, fire detection and
fire alarm systems
There are not to be less than two sources of
power supply for the seawater pump and automatic
alarm and detection system. If the pump is
electrically driven it is to be connected to the main
source of electrical power, which is to be capable of
being supplied by at least two generators. The
feeders are to be so arranged as to avoid galleys,
machinery spaces and other enclosed spaces of
high fire risk except as far as necessary to reach
the appropriate switchboards. One of the power
supply sources for the alarm and detection system
is to be an emergency source.
2.7.10. Fixed fire detection and fire
alarm systems
Where a fixed fire detection and fire alarm
system with manually operated call points is
required, the following is applicable:
a) There are not to be less than two sources of
power supply for the electrical equipment
used in the operation of the fire detection and
fire alarm system, one of which is to be an
emergency source.
The supply is to be provided by separate
feeders reserved solely for that purpose.
Such feeders are to run to an automatic
change-over switch situated in or adjacent to
the control panel for the fire detection
system.
b) Electrical wiring which forms part of the
system is to be so arranged as to avoid
galleys, machinery spaces of category A,
and other enclosed spaces of high fire risk
except where it is necessary to provide for
fire detection or fire alarm in such spaces or
to connect to the appropriate power supply.
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
14
c) Power supplies and electric circuits
necessary for the operation of the system
are to be monitored for loss of power or fault
conditions as appropriate.
Occurrence of a fault condition is to be
indicated by a visual and audible fault signal
at the control panel which is to be distinct
from a fire signal.
2.7.11. Magnetic compasses
Cables and equipment are to be placed
sufficiently far from magnetic compass.
2.7.12. Final sub-circuits
Every final sub-circuit connected to a distribution
panel is to be protected unless otherwise specified,
by a fuse or a maximum current circuit-breaker on
each insulated pole.
These circuits can be controlled by single-pole
switches in dry spaces of the accommodations.
A separate final sub-circuit is to be provided for
every apparatus assuming an essential service and
for each motor rated 1 kW or more.
2.8. Diversity factors
Cables are to be rated in accordance with the
total connected load, with consideration of the
possible type of service of the apparatus
(continuous service or not).
Diversity factors may be based on the
indications of the Builders; alternatively, the values
mentioned in the IEC Publication 92-201 may be
applied.
SECTION 3.  INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS
3.1. General
The present Section 3. is applicable to the
following remote control, remote monitoring and
communication systems:
• remote control and monitoring devices for
the main propulsion plant and steering
gear;
• engine room telegraph;
• general alarm system;
• fire alarm;
• engine room alarm system;
• watertight door alarm system;
• rudder angle indicators;
• other systems required by the Society's
Rules for Classification applicable to the
unit or installation considered;
3.2. Circuit design
3.2.1. Supply
Where an internal communication system is
supplied directly from power or lighting circuits, or
where the supply voltage, whatever its source,
exceeds 55 V, all equipment is to comply with the
requirements applicable to power and lighting
circuits.
3.2.2. Alarm signals - Engine room
telegraph
3.2.2.1. Engine room telegraph
The following is to be fulfilled:
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
15
a) At least two independent means are to be
provided for carrying orders from the
navigating bridge to the position in the
machinery space or in the control room from
which the engines are normally controlled:
one of these is to be an engine room
telegraph which provides visual indications of
the orders and responses both in the
machinery space and on the navigating
bridge. Appropriate means of communication
are to be provided to any other positions from
which the engines may be controlled.
b) Power failure of the telegraph or similar
device is to be alarmed at the bridge.
3.2.2.2. Engine room horns
Alarm horns in the engine room are to be so
designed as to be easily heard and distinguished
from other signals or noise generated by the diesel
engines or noisy auxiliaries.
3.2.2.3. Engineer's alarm
An engineer's alarm is to be provided to be
operated from the engine control room or at the
manoeuvring platform as appropriate, and is to be
clearly audible in the engineers' accommodation.
3.2.2.4. Fire alarm bells
Fire alarm bells are to emit a powerful and
readily distinguishable note.
3.2.2.5. General alarm system
Where it is an electric one, the system is to be
energised by the main and emergency sources.
SECTION 4.  CABLES
4.1. Choice of cables
4.1.1. General
4.1.1.1.
The present Section 4. is applicable to cables
used for low voltage power and lighting installations.
They are applicable also to other circuits such as
telecommunications, remote control or remote
monitoring as far as they are appropriate.
4.1.1.2.
Cables, cores and wire are to be normally of a
type approved by the Society, on the basis of the
IEC standards 92-3 and 92-350 to 92-376. Using
other cables is submitted to special consideration
and to appropriate and satisfactory testing.
4.1.1.3.
The rated voltage of cables is not to be less than
the rated voltage of the circuits in which they are
used. The risks of strong or frequent overvoltages
due to current switching effects (winches, static
converters, etc.) are to be duly considered when
selecting the cables.
Note: rated voltage of a cable is expressed by the ratio of 2
values Uo / U , where:
Uo is the r.m.s. value between an insulated
conductor and "earth;
U is the r.m.s. value between 2 phase
conductors of a multi-core cable.
4.1.1.4.
Cables and cabling wires are to be at least of the
flame retardant type and are to be so installed as
not to impair their original flame retarding properties
as far as practicable, in particular where they are
arranged in bunches (refer to 4.3.6.).
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
16
4.1.2. Protective covering
4.1.2.1.
Cables are to be provided with a protective
covering or sheath suitable for the service
conditions.
4.1.2.2.
On open decks, in damp spaces, in cargo holds,
in refrigerated spaces, in machinery compartments
and, generally in all spaces where water or
detrimental vapours (including oil vapours) may
condensate, cables are to include an impervious
sheath. In permanently damp spaces, the
imperviousness degree is to be suitable for the
immersion conditions (nature of the liquid,
pressure, time of immersion).
4.1.2.3.
Protective sheaths or coverings are to be
suitable for the degree of the mechanical actions to
which the cables can be submitted in service;
where their resistance may be considered as
insufficient, an additional protection is to be
provided by means of pipes, conduits or metallic
guards (particular case of the cables in cargo
holds).
4.1.2.4.
Cables intended to supply movable equipment
under a voltage higher than 250 V are to be metal
braid armoured, earthed and covered with a non
metallic sheath, unless it may be considered that
their insulation and protective sheath are reinforced.
4.1.3. Conductor cross sectional
area
4.1.3.1.
The cross sectional area of cable cores is to be
such that the maximum permissible current as
per 4.2. be not less than the maximum load of the
considered circuit. The maximum load may be
calculated in using the diversity factors of 2.8.
4.1.3.2. voltage for lighting circuits and 11 % for the other
circuits may be accepted.
The cross sectional areas of conductors is to be
so determined that the drop in voltage from the
main or emergency switchboard busbars to any
and every point on the installation when the
4.2. Current ratings
conductors are carrying the maximum current
under normal conditions of service, does not 4.2.1. General
exceed 6 % of the nominal voltage. For supplies
from batteries with a voltage not exceeding 50 V Tables 4.2.1.-I and -II give the maximum
this figure may be increased to 10 % temperatures permissible in the conductors of
single-core cables according to the nature of their
Under current surge conditions such as motor insulation: 6 classes of temperature are
starting, voltage drops up to 8 % of the nominal considered:

TABLE 4.2.1.-I
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE TEMPERATURES IN CONDUCTORS
(Material insulating compounds as per IEC publication 92-351)

Maximum conductor temperature

Type of insulating Abbreviated designation Normal operation

a/ Thermoplastics:
- based upon polyvinyl chloride or PVC/A 60
copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate

b/ Elastomeric or thermosetting:
- based upon ethylene propylene rubber or EPR 85
similar (EPM or EPDM)
- base upon chemically cross-linked XLPE 85
polyethylene
- based upon silicon rubber S 95 95

TABLE 4.2.1.-II
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE TEMPERATURES IN CONDUCTORS
(Other recognised material insulating compounds)

Maximum conductor temperature

Type of insulating Abbreviated designation Normal operation

a/ Thermoplastics:
based upon polyvinyl chloride
PVC 75 T 75 75
PVC 85 T 85 85
PVC 90 T 90 90

b/ Elastomeric or thermosetting
- based upon synthetic rubber CS 80 80
- based upon ethylene propylene rubber or EPR 90 90
similar
- based upon chemically cross-linked PR 95 95
polyethylene XLPE

Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
17
4.2.2. Currents permissible in service for an ambient temperature of 45°C and are
applicable to copper conductor cables fitted in
continuous service
groups so arranged as not to obstruct the air
circulation around cables. In the case of aluminium
The current ratings given in Table 4.2.2. are the
conductors, permissible currents are to be derated
maximum d.c. currents permissible in continuous
by 0,6.

TABLE 4.2.2.
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE D.C. CURRENTS FOR CONTINUOUS SERVICE (in A)
Cross Temperature class Temperature class Temperature class Temperature class Temperature class
section 60° C 75° C 80° C 85° C 95° C
in mm 2 1 2 3, 4 1 2 3, 4 1 2 3, 4 1 2 3, 4 1 2 3, 4
core core core core core core core core core core core core core core core
1 8 7 6 13 11 9 15 13 11 16 14 11 20 17 14
1,5 12 10 8 17 15 12 19 16 13 20 17 14 24 20 17
2,5 17 15 12 24 20 17 26 22 18 28 24 20 32 27 22
4 22 19 16 32 27 22 35 30 25 38 32 27 42 36 29
6 20 25 20 41 35 29 45 38 32 48 41 34 55 47 39
10 40 34 29 57 40 40 63 54 44 67 57 47 75 64 53
16 54 46 38 76 65 53 84 71 59 90 77 63 100 85 70
25 71 60 50 100 85 70 110 94 77 120 102 84 135 115 95
35 87 74 61 125 106 88 140 119 98 145 123 102 165 140 116
50 105 89 74 150 128 105 165 140 116 180 153 126 200 170 140
70 135 115 95 190 162 133 215 183 151 225 191 158 255 217 179
95 165 140 116 230 196 161 260 221 182 275 234 193 310 264 217
120 190 162 133 270 230 190 300 255 210 320 272 224 360 306 252
150 220 187 154 310 264 217 340 289 238 365 310 256 410 349 287
185 250 213 175 350 298 245 390 332 273 415 353 291 470 400 329
240 290 247 203 415 353 291 460 391 322 490 417 343 570 485 399
300 335 285 235 475 404 333 530 451 371 560 476 392 640 545 448
400 390 332 273 570 485 400 610 519 427 670 570 469 760 646 532
500 455 387 320 655 560 460 695 591 490 770 655 540
600 505 430 355 730 620 510 770 655 540 650 725 595

4.2.3. Correction factors for Reciprocally, where the ambient temperature is

change of ambient
temperature
The current ratings given in Table 4.2.2. are valid
for an ambient temperature of 45°C and are
applicable to electric cables of offshore units and
installations operating in tropical waters.
higher than 45°C (in certain spaces) the
permissible currents are to be reduced.
The increases or decreases are to be calculated
by applying the factors given in Table 4.2.3.
TABLE 4.2.3.

Where it is known that the ambient temperature CORRECTION FACTORS FOR CHANGE
will remain less than 45°C (in particular for mobile OF AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
units navigating in limited zones and for fixed
Correction factors for
installations), permissible currents higher than
Cable ambient temperature of
those indicated in Table 4.2.2. may be accepted,
class 35°C 40°C 45°C 50°C 55°C
but ambient temperature of less than 35°C will not Class 60 1,29 1,15 1,00 0,82 -
be considered. Class 75 1,15 1,08 1,00 0,91 0,82
Class 80 1,13 1,07 1,00 0,93 0,85
Class 85 1,12 1,06 1,00 0,94 0,87
Class 90 1,11 1,05 1,00 0,94 0,88
Class 95 1,10 1,05 1,00 0,95 0,89

Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
18
4.2.4. Correction factors for T is thermal time constant of cable in min
grouping of cables The thermal time constant may be given by the
cable manufacturer, or by the formula:
Where more than six cables, which may be
expected to operate simultaneously at their full T = 0,245 d 1,35
rated capacity, are laid close together in cable
bunch in such a way that there is an absence of d is external cable diameter in mm;
free air circulation around them, a correction factor T is time constant in min.
of 0,85 is to be applied to the current ratings given
in 4.2.2. Intermittent time service correction is applicable
only if the expected resting time is longer than
three times the cables constant time.
4.2.5. Correction factors for a.c. 50
or 60 Hz For service times shorter than 0,75 of the time
constant, correction factors in excess of 1,5 are not
In a.c. systems, the conductor cross sectional applicable unless specially justified.
areas in excess of 300 mm2 are to be determined
in applying the reduction factors of Table 4.2.5. For service times longer than 3 times the time
constant, the cable is considered as permanently
loaded, whatever the resting time period may be.
TABLE 4.2.5.
CORRECTION FACTORS FOR 4.3. Cables installation
A.C. 50 OR 60 Hz

Cross section in mm2 Correction factor 4.3.1. Choice of runs

400 0,97 4.3.1.1.

500 0,94 Cables runs are to be as straight and as

accessible as possible.
600 0,89
4.3.1.2.
Cables are to be as remote as possible from
4.2.6. Current ratings for
sources of heat, and protected from risk of
intermittent service mechanical damage as far as practicable.

For cables supplying equipment which is not in 4.3.1.3.

permanent service, current ratings may be
multiplied by a correction factor K given by Cables serving essential or emergency power,
Table 4.2.6. lighting, internal communications or signals are to
be, as far as practicable, routed clear of galleys,
laundries, machinery spaces and their casings and
TABLE 4.2.6. other high fire risk areas, except for supplying
CORRECTION FACTORS FOR equipment in those spaces.
INTERMITTENT SERVICE
Where possible, their runs are to be arranged in
Service ratio Correction Factor
such a manner as to preclude their being rendered
t /T K unserviceable by heating of the bulkheads that may
be caused by a fire in an adjacent space.
3,0 1,08
2,7 1,09 4.3.1.4.
2,4 1,11
2,1 1,13 The installations of cables, across expansion
1,8 1,16 joints, is to be avoided. However, where it is
1,5 1,20 unavoidable, a loop with a radius of bend in relation
1,2 1,27 to the sizes of the joint, but at least equal to 12
0,9 1,37 times the external diameter of the largest cable
0,75 1,46 concerned is to be provided.
t is service time in minutes

Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
19
4.3.1.5.
The cable runs are to be so designed that the
internal radius of bend does not exceed, at any
point, the permissible value for the cable
concerned. In the absence of values specified by
the Manufacturer, the following values are to be
adopted as minima for the internal radius of bend:
• 4 d for thermoplastic or rubber-like insulated
cables without metallic covering (6 d if
d > 25 mm);
• 6 d for cables of the above type but with
sectorial or compacted conductor;
• 6 d for thermoplastic or rubber-like insulated
cables with metallic covering or for silicone
asbestos cables;
• 6 d for mineral insulated cables.
4.3.1.6.
Where two supplies are provided for the same
service, the routes are to be different as far as
possible.
4.3.2. Mechanical protection
4.3.2.1.
Cables exposed to the risk of mechanical
damage, if neither armoured nor enclosed in steel
conduits, are to be protected by a casing. Mineral
insulated cables are, for the purpose of the present
requirement, considered to be armoured cables.
4.3.2.2.
Where the risk of mechanical damage is high,
cables are to be protected by suitable metallic
casings, even when armoured, unless the structure
of the unit or installation, or its attached parts, do
afford sufficient protection.
4.3.3. Earthing of metallic sheaths
and coverings
4.3.3.1.
Any exposed metallic coverings of cables
(copper sheath, armour, etc.) is to be electrically
earthed.
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
20
These connections are to be made at both cable
ends. However, the cables in final sub-circuits may
be earthed at their supply end only; it may be also
the case for the shieldings of particularly sensitive
lines of remote monitoring or control systems.
4.3.3.2.
The electrical continuity of all metallic covering is
to be ensured throughout the cable length,
including at joints and tappings.
4.3.3.3.
The lead of lead-sheathed cables is not to be
used as the sole means or earthing non current-
carrying parts.
4.3.4. Fixing
4.3.4.1.
With the exception of cables installed in pipes
conduits, trunkings or casings, cables are to be
fixed by means of suitable elements. The use of
fastening parts made of flame-retardant synthetic
material may be accepted for cables laid on
horizontal supporting surface; on non-horizontal
support, one metallic fastening elements is to be
fitted each five elements.
The distance between fixing parts is generally
not to exceed 0,50 m, extended to 0,60 m for
armoured or copper-sheathed cables. This distance
is 0,75 m over the vertical runs.
4.3.4.2.
The fixing arrangement of single-core cables is to
be made with due consideration of the possible
electrodynamic forces induced in case of short-
circuit.
4.3.5. Cable glands through
bulkheads and decks
4.3.5.1.
Cables penetration of watertight decks and
bulkheads may consist in either individual stuffing
glands or boxes containing several cables and filled
with flame-retarding compound.
4.3.5.2. 4.3.7.5.
Where fire-resistance (Type A) or fire-retardant For long distance runs, expansion joints may be
(Type B) bulkheads or decks are drilled for the provided.
passage of cables, all arrangements are to be
made so that their fire resistance degree is not
decreased. 4.3.8. Installation in non-metallic
ducts and conduits
4.3.5.3.
Non-metallic ducts and conduits are to be made
Where unarmoured cables are to pass through of flame retardant material.
non-watertight bulkheads or, more generally,
through holes drilled in steel plates, such holes are
to be bushed in order to protect the cables, by soft 4.3.9. Connections
metal or any other suitable material which will
prevent damage to the cable by abrasion. The 4.3.9.1. Cable ends
same process is recommended for armoured
cables. The ends of the conductors having a cross
section greater than 4 mm2 are to be provided with
crimped or soldered connectors or to be connected
4.3.6. Installation in bunches to fastening terminals. If the connected cable has
an insulating belt common to several conductors,
Where cables are bunched, provisions are to be an additional insulation is to be provided where the
made to limit fire propagation. This may be insulation of the conductors risk to come into
achieved by either of the following methods: contact directly with earth.
• use of cables successfully tested
according to the IEC Report 332.3 or to
4.3.9.2. Joints
an equivalent testing procedure; Cables runs are normally not to include joints. If
• fitting of suitable fire stop screens a joint is absolutely necessary, it is to be carried
arrangement; out in such a way that the conductors remain
properly insulated and protected. The joints are
• use of an appropriate protective coating.
normally to be made in suitable boxes.

4.3.7. Installation in metallic pipes Alternative methods may be considered by the

and conduits Society.

4.3.7.1. 4.3.9.3. Tappings

The internal radius of bends is not to be less Tappings are to be made by means of
than those permitted for cables, nor less than twice connectors, terminals or bars, placed in appropriate
the external diameter of the conduit for conduits casing.
exceeding 63 mm external diameter.
4.3.10. Special provisions for a.c.
4.3.7.2.
cables
The filling factor (ratio of the sum of the cross
sectional areas corresponding to the external cross Where it is necessary to install single-core
section of the conduit) is not to be greater than 0,4. cables, the following special provisions are to be
made:
4.3.7.3.
a) Armouring, if any, is to be on non-magnetic
Conduits are to be so arranged that water cannot
material.
accumulate inside. If necessary, ventilating or
draining outlets are to be provided to allow
b) Where cables are installed in metallic
circulation of air.
conduits, the cables belonging to the same
circuits are to be contained within the same
4.3.7.4. conduit.
The conduits and their metallic fittings are to be
earthed.

Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
21
 c) When installing 2, 3 or 4 conductors forming 4.4. Type testing
a circuit, these conductors are to be joined
close together or spaced less than one
The cables and insulated cabling wires for which
diameter.
an application of type approval has been made are
to be or to have been submitted to type testing on
Fastening straps are to encompass all the
both their constituent materials and on the
phases or to be made of non magnetic
completed cables.
material.
Type tests are carried out according to an
d) Where single-core cables, rated above
approved programme based on the IEC Standard
250 A, are fitted along steel bulkheads, they
92-350, Section three: Test Requirements, and
are either to be arranged in "trefoil" or to be
approved by the Society in accordance with note
sufficiently spaced from the bulkhead
767 ND DT2 (tests on the electric cables).
surface.
Other equivalent standards may be used with the
Cable glands used for penetration through
agreement of the Society, relevant type testing
bulkheads or decks are not to be made of
program being submitted beforehand to the Society
magnetic metal. Moreover, it may be
for review.
necessary to provide non magnetic metallic
plates, large enough to prevent bulkheads
from overheating.
4.5. Routine testing
4.3.11. requirements for hazardous
4.5.1. General
areas
Normally, routine tests are to be carried out on
Particular requirements are laid down in Section all lengths of cables. However, the number of
12. concerning cables installed in hazardous areas. lengths may be reduced in agreement with the
Surveyor and with due regard to be results of the
4.3.12. Requirements for quality inspection for instance.

refrigerated spaces The required routine tests are checking of

conductor resistance, dielectric strength test and
4.3.12.1. insulation resistance measurement.
Cables installed in refrigerated spaces are to be
provided with impervious sheathes and to be 4.5.2. Checking of conductor
protected against mechanical damage.
resistance
If the armour is not corrosion proof, it is to be
protected by a covering resistant to low The resistance of each core conductor is to be
temperature and humidity. measured in d.c. under defined conditions of
temperature and length. It is to be corrected to
4.3.12.2. standard temperature of 20°C by the following
formula:
Cables installed in refrigerated spaces are not to
be covered by the thermal insulation. Inappropriate 254, 45
use as a mean of suspension or stowage is to be R 20 = R t
obviated by suitable guards around cables. 234,5 + t

4.3.12.3. Where:

If it is necessary to pass cables through thermal Rt is resistance measured at

insulation of the compartments, appropriate temperature t .
penetration pieces are to be used.
Then, the value R 20 is corrected to a cable
length of 1 km; it is not to exceed the value
required in the IEC Publication 228.

Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
22
4.5.3. Dielectric strength test 4.5.4. Insulation resistance
measurement
This test is to be carried out at ambient
temperature with an industrial frequency a.c. 4.5.4.1.
voltage; alternatively, d.c. voltage, suitable filtered
may be used. Measurement is to be carried out at ambient
temperature, under d.c. voltage within the 80 -
Each core of the cable is to sustain for 5min, 500 V range, after completion of the dielectric
without breakdown, the testing voltage specified in strength test. It is to be effected 1 min after the
Table 4.5.3. voltage application (5 min for thermoplastic
insulated cables).

TABLE 4.5.3. 4.5.4.2.

TESTING VOLTAGE FOR CABLE The connection procedure in carrying out the test
DIELECTRIC STRENGTH TEST on different types of cables is:

Test voltage
• for single-core cables with metallic covering,
the insulation resistance measurement is
Rated voltage Alternating Direct performed between the conductor and the
of cables Uo / U current (a.c.) current (d.c.) metallic covering;

•
(kV) (kV) (kV)
for single-core cables without metallic
0,15/0,25 1,5 3,6 covering, the insulation resistance
0,6/1,0 3,5 8,4 measurement is performed between the
conductor and the water in which the cable
The test voltage is to be applied for 5 min in is to be immersed at least 1 h before the
succession between each insulated conductor and test;
all the other ones connected to each and to
metallic covering, if any. • for cables having two to five conductors, with
or without metallic covering, the insulation
Single core cables without metallic covering are resistance measurement is performed in turn
to be immersed in water at room temperature for between each conductor and all other
1 h and the test voltage then applied for 5 min conductors connected together and to the
between the conductor and the water. metallic covering, if any;

Alternatively for single-core cables without
sheath, at Manufacturer's option, a spark test may
be carried out on the cable. The spark test
equipment is to detect a puncture in the insulation
having a diameter equal to or greater than half of
the specified insulation thickness.
The test voltage is to be increased gradually to
the specified value and no breakdown of the
insulation is to occur.
• for cables having more than five conductors,
the insulation resistance measurement test
is performed; first, between all conductors of
uneven number in all layers and all
conductors of even number in all layers;
second, between all conductors of even
layers and all conductors of uneven layers;
third, if necessary, between the first and the
last conductor of each layer having an
uneven number of conductors.

4.5.4.3.
The measurement values of the insulation
resistance is to be corrected to the reference
temperature of 20°C by using an appropriate
temperature correction factor based on
experimental results obtained on the insulation
material concerned.

Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
23
4.5.4.4. l is length of the cable, in m;

The insulation resistance constant Ki, in MΩ.km D is outer diameter of the insulation, in mm;
is to be calculated using the formula: d is inner diameter of the insulation, in mm.

Notes:
l R.10-9
Ki = • for the core of shaped conductors, the radio D / d is the
D ratio of the perimeter over the conductors;
log10
d • the calculated value of K is to be not less than the value
specified for the relevant insulating material in Table II of
where: IEC Publication 92-351.

R is measured insulation resistance, in Ω,

corrected to 20°C;

Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
24
SECTION 5.  SWITCHBOARDS

5.1. Location - Installation 5.1.2.2.

When the voltage exceeds 55 V a.c. or d.c., an
insulated mat, grating or impregnated wood surface
5.1.1. Location is to be provided in front on switchboards and also
at the rear if access from the rear is provided. The
The places where switchboards are installed are
insulated mat, grating or surface is to be oil
to comply with the following:
resistant and non-slipping.

5.1.1.1. 5.1.2.3.
Easy access to switchboards is to be provided
The main and emergency switchboards are to be
for crew. In particular, when a space is provided for
provided with insulated handrail or handles on their
access at the rear of switchgear and control gear
front. If access is available on their rear, an
sets, it is to be not less than 0,6 m in the clear,
insulated handrail is also required on their rear side.
except that the width may be reduced to 0,5 m,
where there are stiffeners or frames.

5.1.1.2.
5.2. Design - Construction
Location of switchboards is not to give rise to
flammable gas or vapour accumulation, unless 5.2.1. General
equipment designed for use in explosive
atmosphere be selected. 5.2.1.1.
Live parts normally submitted to a voltage
5.1.1.3. exceeding 55 V, are not to be installed without
Switchgears are to be located in such a way that protection on the front of switchboard.
there is no pipe carrying liquids above, behind or
near the switchboards. 5.2.1.2.
Generally, switchboards or enclosures
Where this cannot be avoided, pipes are to be containing switchboards, are to be constructed of
built joint less or provided with double pipes or durable, flame-retardant and non-hygroscopic
shields in these spaces. materials. In addition, mechanical features of the
materials are to be suitable for the service
5.1.1.4. conditions.
For self-propelled units, storage units and mobile
drilling units, the main switchboard is to be so 5.2.2. Busbars
placed relative to one main generating station that,
as far as practicable, the integrity of the normal
5.2.2.1. Materials
supply may be affected only by a fire or other
casualty in one space. An environmental enclosure Busbars are to be made of cooper. Nevertheless,
for the main switchboard, such as may be provided the use of aluminium busbars may be specially
by a machinery control room situated within the considered.
main boundaries of the space, is not to be
considered as separating the switchboards from the 5.2.2.2. Temperature rise
generators.
The mean temperature rise of the busbars and
their connections is not to exceed 45°C when
5.1.2. Installation running continuously at the normal rating.

5.1.2.1.
The protection index IP of switchboards is to be
as per Table 1.6.

Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
25
5.2.2.3. Electrodynamic forces connection concerned is to be fitted in the vicinity
of all protective apparatus.
Busbars, together with their joints and supports,
are to be so designed as to withstand the
mechanical stresses which may arise from short- 5.2.5. Testing
circuits, without any deformation.
5.2.5.1. Dielectric test
Where maximum symmetrical short-circuit
currents are expected to exceed 50 kA, calculation The main circuit and the auxiliary circuits
is to be submitted to the Society. connected to it are to be tested within the range of
45-62 Hz with the a.c voltages given by
5.2.2.4. Air clearances Table 5.2.5.1.-I

Air clearances between live parts or between

them and the earthed conductive parts, are to be TABLE 5.2.5.1.-I
suitable for the rated voltage and for the expected
overvoltages as well as for the environmental TESTING VOLTAGE FOR SWITCHBOARD
conditions. DIELECTRIC TEST (MAIN CIRCUIT)

5.2.2.5. Creepage distances Insulation rated voltage A.c. test voltage

(r.m.s.) (V)
Creepage distances between live parts or (V)
between them and the earthed conductive parts,
are to be suitable for the rated voltage, for the Ui ≤ 60 1000
insulating materials and for the environmental 60 < U i ≤ 300 2000
conditions. 300 < U i ≤ 660 2500
660 < U i ≤ 800 3000
5.2.2.6. Division of the main busbars
800 < U i ≤ 1000 3500
Where the total installed electrical power of the 1000 < U i ≤ 1500* 3500
main generating sets is in excess of 3 MW, the
main busbars are to be subdivided into at least two *D.c. only
parts which are normally to be connected by
removable links or other approved means; as far as
practicable, the connection of generating sets and For the auxiliary circuits not directly connected
any other duplicated equipment is to be equally to the main circuit, testing voltage is given by
distributed among the parts. Equivalent Table 5.2.5.1.-II.
arrangements may be permitted.

TABLE 5.2.5.1.-II
5.2.3. Equaliser conductors and
bars TESTING VOLTAGE FOR SWITCHBOARD
DIELECTRIC TEST (AUXILIARY
Current rating of the equaliser conductors and of CIRCUITS)
the corresponding switches is to be not less than
half the rated current of the corresponding Insulation rated voltage A.c. test voltage
generator. (V) (r.m.s.) (V)

Ui ≤ 12 250
The current rating of equaliser bars is to be not
12 < Ui ≤ 60 500
less than half the rated current of the largest
60 < Ui 2 Ui + 1000
generator arranged to run in parallel. with minimum: 1500

This test is carried out between each of the

5.2.4. Identification of interrupting phases of each circuit and all the other phases of
and protective devices and this circuit and of all the other circuits connected
of measuring apparatus together as well as with the earth.

All measuring apparatus and devices controlling During this test, all interrupting and protective
a circuit are to be indelibly marked. A plate devices are to be closed; measuring instruments
mentioning the rated current of the apparatus or and relays may how-ever be disconnected.

Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
26

5.2.5.2. Measurement of the insulation
resistance
Immediately after completion of the high voltage
test, the insulation resistance between current
carrying parts connected together and earth and
between current carrying parts of opposite polarity
is to be not less than 1 M Ω measured under 500 V
d.c.
5.3. Distribution boards and
panels
5.3.1. General
Distribution boards and panels are to comply
with requirements 5.1. and 5.2., as applicable.
5.3.2. Physical protection
Distribution boards are normally to be placed
within a protective casing; large ones are to be
placed in a special compartment.
5.4. Measuring instruments
5.4.1. Measuring instruments of
generators
5.4.1.1. d.c. generators not arranged to
run in parallel
Every main or emergency switchboard is to be
provided with at least one ammeter and one
voltmeter for each generator.
5.4.1.2. d.c. generators arranged to run in
parallel
Every main or emergency switchboard is to be
provided with at least one ammeter with a
commutator for each generator and two voltmeters
for all generators: a change-over switch is to be
provided to enable one voltmeter to be connected to
any generator before connection to busbars, the
other voltmeter is to be permanently connected to
the busbars.
For compound wound generators, the ammeter
is to be mounted on the pole opposite to that
connected to the equaliser connection.
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
27
For three-wire generators feeding a d.c. three-
wire circuit, an ammeter with a commutator is to be
mounted on each pole of each generator and a
voltmeter between each pole of the busbars and the
equalising conductor.
5.4.1.3.
In the case of alternators not arranged to run in
parallel, every main or emergency switchboard is to
be provided with at least, for each alternator, one
voltmeter, one frequency meter, one ammeter per
phase or one ammeter with commutator permitting
to measure the current in each phase and for
alternators of more than 50 kVA, one wattmeter.
However in the case of emergency alternator the
frequency meter may be not provided if a
tachometer is fitted on the generating set.
5.4.1.4.
In the case of alternators arranged to run in
parallel, every main or emergency switchboard is to
be provided with at least:
• for each alternator, one wattmeter, one
ammeter per phase or one ammeter with
commutator permitting to measure the
current in each phase;
• for parallel operation, two voltmeters, two
frequency meters (or double frequency
meter), and one synchronising device
including a synchroscope and synchronising
lamps or equivalent. One of the voltmeters
and one of the frequency meters are to be
permanently connected to the busbars; the
other voltmeter and the other frequency
meters are to be provided with commutators
permitting their connection on one or the
other of the alternators.
5.4.2. Instrument measuring scales
5.4.2.1.
The upper limit of the scale of voltmeters is not
to be less than 120 % of the rated voltage of the
circuits to which they may be connected.
5.4.2.2.
The upper limit of the scale of ammeters is not to
be less than 130 % of the rated current of the
circuits to which they may be connected.
Ammeters for use on d.c. generators which may
operate in parallel are to be capable of indicating
reverse currents of at least 15 % of the rated
current.
5.4.2.3.
The ammeter scales are to be provided with
marks indicating the normal full load value.
5.4.2.4.
Wattmeters for use on alternators which may
operate in parallel are to be capable of indicating
reverse powers of at least 15 % of the rated active
power.
5.5. Interrupting,
disconnecting devices
5.5.1. Main and emergency
switchboards
An interrupting device is to be provided at the
outgoing of each circuit coming from a main or
emergency switchboard; this device is to comply
with the 5.5.3.; it is also to ensure the protection of
the circuit in the conditions specified in 5.6.
When the circuit coming from the main
switchboard is used to supply a distribution
switchboard, the interrupting device may be a
disconnecting switch provided that it cannot be
used in routine operation.
5.5.2. Distribution boards
An interrupting device is to be provided at the
outgoing of each circuit from a distribution
switchboard; such a device, complying with the
foregoing disposals, may also ensure the protection
of the circuit in the conditions given in 5.6.
The interrupting device may however be omitted
on an outgoing circuit if the outgoing circuit feeds
another distribution switchboard, or an apparatus,
located nearby e.g. in the same compartment, and
if an interrupting devices is provided at the incoming
feeder of the distribution board.
5.5.3. Switchgears
Every interrupting or disconnecting devices
placed in a circuit having a return or neutral
conductor not directly earthed is to disconnect
simultaneously all the lines of said circuit.
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
28
No independent interrupting device is to be
placed in an earthing conductor; this does not
preclude however the fitting of disconnecting links
for testing or surveying purposes.
5.6. Protection
5.6.1. General
5.6.1.1.
All electrical circuits are to be adequately
protected against possible overcurrents, including
short-circuit currents. Selection, location and
characteristics of the protective devices are to
allow, as far as practicable, the following:
• elimination of failure consequences in order
to reduce the risks of non-availability of the
network, and fire hazards;
• the continuity of service so as to maintain,
through the discriminative action of the
protective devices, the supply of circuits not
directly affected by a fault.
5.6.2. Protection against overloads
5.6.2.1.
Protection against overloads is to be provided:
• on the three phases for 3-wires or 4-wire-
phase circuits with neutral directly earthed;
• on the three phases and on the neutral for 4-
wire three-phase circuits with neutral isolated
or not directly earthed;
• on at least 2 phases for three-phase circuits
with isolated neutral;
• on both external conductors for 3-wire d.c.
circuits;
• on at least one conductor for 2-wire d.c.
circuits and single phase a.c. circuits.
5.6.2.2.
Such a protection may be provided by means of
circuit-breakers or fuses; the use of fuses rated
above 320 A is not authorised for protection against
overloads.
5.6.3. Protection against short-
circuit currents
5.6.3.1.
Protection against high overcurrents, and
essentially against short-circuit currents, is to be
provided on each conductor not directly earthed.
5.6.3.2.
Such a protection is to consist of circuit-
breakers or fuses.
P1 category circuit-breakers may be used on
circuits other than generator circuits, where the
system arrangements are such, for example by
duplication and separation of supplies, the failure
of the circuit-breakers may be accepted.
5.6.3.3.
The devices provided are to have a breaking
capacity at least equal to the maximum prospective
short-circuit current at the point of installation. At
first approximation, the value of this short-circuit
current may be determined on the following basis:
a) D.c. networks:
• 10 times the rated current of all
generators arranged to run in parallel,
plus
• 6 times the rated current of motors
operating simultaneously.
b) A.c. networks:
• 10 times the rated current of all
alternators arranged to run in parallel,
plus
• 3 times the rated current of motors
operating simultaneously.
5.6.3.4.
The closing capacity of any interrupting (even not
intended to be used as circuit-breaker in case of
short-circuit) or protective device to be possibly
closed on short-circuit is to be at least equal to the
highest value of the maximum prospective short-
circuit current at the point of installation; in a.c. the
value to be considered will be the maximum peak
value in asymmetrical conditions.
5.6.3.5.
The use of a circuit-breaker not having a short-
circuit breaking and/or making capacity at least
equal to the maximum prospective short-circuit
current at the point where it is installed is allowed,
provided that it is backed-up by a fuse or by a
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
29
circuit-breaker on the generator side, having at
least the necessary short-circuit rating and not
being the generator circuit-breaker; the same fuse
or circuit-breaker may back-up more than one
circuit-breaker when essential services are not
involved.
The short-circuit performance of the arrangement
is at least to be equal to the ones of a single
circuit-breaker having the same short-circuit
performance category as the backed-up circuit-
breaker and rated for the maximum prospective
short circuit level at the supply terminals of the
arrangements.
5.6.4. Protection of generators
5.6.4.1. General
Generators are to be protected against overloads
and short-circuits by means of circuit-breakers of
the category P2.
The use of discontactors is allowed for the
protection of emergency generators.
For d.c. compound generators the equaliser
conductor (connected to the negative pole) is to be
interrupted at the same time as the main
conductors.
5.6.4.2. Protection against overloads
Breakers are to trip with a time-delay not
exceeding 15 s for an overload of 50 % unless the
generator is so designed as to withstand heavier
overloads.
An additional protection against smaller
overloads may also be provided; it may consist of
an audible alarm activated by a time-delayed
overcurrent relay adjusted at approximately 110 %
of the rated current.
5.6.4.3. Load-shedding of non essential
circuits
For generators intended to run in parallel and to
avoid that the tripping of one of them involves the
tripping of another one by overload, automatic load-
shedding of some circuits, others than those
supplying the servitude auxiliaries listed in 1.8. is to
be provided after a short time delay.
Audible and visible alarm is to be provided in
case of load-shedding.
5.6.4.4. Protection against short-circuits
The protection against heavy overloads or short-
circuits is to provide a quick tripping, either
instantaneous or slightly delayed so as to permit
selectivity.
5.6.4.5. Case of generators of power
lower than 50 kW
For generators of a rated power lower than
50 kW and not intended to run in parallel, the
protection may consist of:
• either a circuit breaker with a single relay the
tripping of which intervenes in a time
inversely proportional to the overload;
• or fuses and a switch.
5.6.4.6. Protection against reverse power
D.c. generators and alternators arranged for
parallel operation are to be protected against
reverse power.
Such protection may be omitted in the case of
low power generators further to special
consideration and justification.
For d.c. generators, this protection is to be
instantaneous and is to work at less than 15 % of
the rated current.
For alternators the reverse power protection is to
be set between 2 and 15 % of the rated power
according to the characteristics of the prime mover
and it may be time-delayed. The reverse power
protection provided on alternators can be replaced
by other devices ensuring adequate protection of
the prime movers.
5.6.4.7. Protection against under voltage
When generators are intended to run in parallel,
arrangements are to be made for preventing the
generator circuit breakers from closing or from
remaining closed when there is no voltage.
If a low voltage tripping relay is used, it is to
control the circuit breaker opening instantaneously,
while controlling the circuit breaker closing is to be
delayed in order to achieve selectivity.
5.6.5. Protection of motors
Motors of more than 0,5 kW or assuming an
essential service are to be individually protected; in
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
30
addition to the protection against short-circuit
currents, the following is to be provided:
a) Protection against overload; this protection
may be replaced, for those motors intended
for essential services, by an aural and visual
alarm in case of overload.
b) Protection against single phase operation for
three-phase induction motors the supply
system of which is provided with fuses.
c) An under voltage protection device causing
the tripping of the corresponding circuit and
one of the following functions:
• either to remain in the stop position until
the auxiliary is put again on operation by
a voluntary action;
• or to restart automatically after
restoration of the voltage. In this case,
arrangements are to be made to ensure
that the automatic restarting of motors
takes enough time to avoid excessive
voltage drop.
The under voltage protection is to permit
starting as soon as the voltage exceeds
85 % of the rated voltage and is to
operate when the voltage drops to
approximately 20 % of the rated voltage
at the rated frequency with time delay if
necessary.
5.6.6. Protection of transformers
5.6.6.1.
Power transformers are to be protected against
short-circuit currents and overloads; the protection
against short-circuits is to be placed on the primary
side; the protection against overloads may be
placed on the secondary side; protection against
overload is not required wherever the size of the
transformer makes it impossible to be overloaded
when supplying all the consumers connected to it.
5.6.6.2.
Where transformers can be connected in
parallel, arrangements are to be made to allow
isolation of their secondary windings.
5.6.6.3.
Transformers intended to supply control and
monitoring circuits are to be protected on the
primary and secondary sides against short circuit
currents, unless they are designed to sustain
permanent short circuit current. This does not
exempt from providing individual protection of the
circuits supplied by the transformers where justified
by their cross section area. This individual
protection may be achieved on one wire only if all
the conductors have same cross section area.
5.6.7. Protection of final sub-
circuits supplying motors
Every final sub-circuit supplying only one motor
may be provided with only one short-circuit
protection on the generator side and one overload
protection either on the generator side or on the
load side.
Bureau Veritas Rule Note for electrical systems on board offshore units and installations
31
5.6.8. Protection of measuring or
monitoring instruments,
surge suppressors,
indicating lights, etc.
5.6.8.1.
Each circuit supplying a monitoring or remote
control device such as voltmeter, indicating light,
etc. is to be protected on each phase or pole not
directly earthed by a suitable protective device; this
one may be common to several devices, provided
that, in case of operation, it can be considered that
this does not decrease the availability of the
remaining plant.
5.6.8.2.
Surge suppressors connected to busbars,
generators and motors achieving essential services
are to be protected, on each phase or pole not
directly earthed, by means of fuses or equivalent
devices.
SECTION 6.  ROTATING ELECTRICAL
MACHINES
6.1. General
6.1.1. Approval
Rotating machines used for essential services as
defined in 1.8. and of a rated power over 50 kW are
normally to be type approved by the Society, on the
basis of the IEC Standards 92-301. Machines rated
above 1 kW and not type approved are subject to
tests specified in 6.8.
6.1.2. Location, installation
Machines and their gear are to be located in
spaces suitably ventilated where flammable dusts,
vapours or gases cannot accumulate. Where this
condition, in the case of motors, cannot be fulfilled,
the Society is to be advised accordingly and
special consideration will be given, after
examination, to the proposed arrangements.
6.1.3. Protection of the machines
against mechanical shocks,
accidental contacts and
external agents
6.1.3.1.
Machines and their gear are to be so arranged
that their components are shielded from
mechanical damage and also from any damage
likely to occur due to external agents such as
water, oil and their vapour.
6.1.3.2.
Live parts are to be efficiently sheathed from any
accidental contact when the voltage exceeds 55 V.
6.1.3.3.
Protection of the machines and their gear from
external agents is to be in accordance with
Table 1.6.
6.1.4. Earthing
Bedplates and framework of the machines and
generating sets are to be earthed; no insulating
material is to be placed between the prime movers
32
and the driven machine unless there is an efficient
earthing of each part.
6.2. Generating sets - Prime
movers
6.2.1. Number of generating sets
6.2.1.1.
The offshore units and installations where
electrical energy is the only means for supplying
the services specified in 1.8. are to be provided with
at least 2 generating sets of adequate
characteristics, so that these services can still be
maintained whichever the generating set is
stopped.
6.2.1.2.
The arrangement of the power sources is to be
such that the services referred to in 1.8. can be
maintained regardless of the speed and direction of
the propulsion machinery or shafting.
6.2.1.3.
For the application of 6.2.1.1. and 6.2.1.2.,
generators driven from the propulsion plant may be
accepted as generators forming the main source of
electrical power if in all sailing and manoeuvring
conditions, including the propeller being stopped,
the generating capacity of these generators is
sufficient to provide the required electrical power
and fulfil all further requirements, especially those
of the present 6.2.1.
6.2.1.4.
In addition, for self-propelled mobile units, the
generating plant is to be such as to ensure that
with any one generators or its prime mover out of
operation, the remaining generator(s) is (are)
capable of providing the electrical services
necessary to start the main propulsion plant from a
dead ship condition. The emergency source of
electrical power may be used for the purpose of
starting from a dead ship condition if its capability
either alone or combined with that of any other
source of electrical power is sufficient to provide at
the time the required services.
 • momentary variations 10 % when the rated
electrical load of the set is suddenly thrown
6.2.1.5. off;
In addition, for fixed offshore installations, the
number and rating of the generator sets in service
• momentary variations 10 % when an
electrical load equal to 50 % of the rated
is to be sufficient to ensure the operation of
power of the set is suddenly thrown on
essential services even when one generating set or
whatever its initial load may be within 0 to
converting set has failed.
50 % of its rated power. In any case the
speed is to be restored in less than 5 s to
6.2.1.6. 1 % of the original speed;
In addition, the generating plant is to be such as
Note: other characteristics may be considered, such as
to ensure that with any one generator or its prime
by application of an electrical load below 50 % of the
mover out of operation, the remaining generator(s)
rated power.
is (are) capable of providing the electrical services
necessary to start the essential auxiliairies from
the dead ship / dead platform condition. The
• permanent deviation 5% for any load up to
the rated power.
emergency source of electrical power may be used
for the purpose of starting from the dead ship / dead 6.2.2.2.
platform condition if its capability either alone or
combined with that of any other source of electrical The governing characteristics of prime movers
power is sufficient to provide at the same time the driving a.c. generators arranged to run in parallel
required services. are to be such that, within the limits of 20 % and
100 % of total load at cos ϕ = 0,8, the load on any
6.2.1.7. generating set will not differ from its proportionate
share of the total load by more than 15 % of the
Where a.c. is used, the number of generators
rated output of the largest machine, or by more
and their characteristics are to be such that, in
than 25 % of the rated output of the smallest
dead ship / dead platform condition, the starting of
machine.
the motors, including the largest ones, does not
cause excessive voltage drop detrimental to the
good running of the equipment on duty. Unless
particular arrangements are made to ensure good 6.3. Permissible maximum
working of the installations, the voltage variations temperature rise for
are not to exceed 15 % under all service
circumstances.
electrical rotating
machines
This may be omitted for the circuits supplying
high power motors if their starting conditions and
the good operation of their associated control 6.3.1. Standard cases
circuits are not affected by voltage drop higher than
15 %. 6.3.1.1.
The permissible limits of temperature rise,
6.2.2. Speed automatic control particularly for windings, sliding contacts of air
cooled motors under continuous running and for air
cooled generators, are given in the Table 6.3.1.
6.2.2.1.
Prime movers are to be provided with a governor
capable of maintaining the speed variations within
the following limits:

33
 TABLE 6.3.1.
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE TEMPERATURE RISES FOR ELECTRICAL ROTATING
MACHINES
on the basis of a cooling air temperature not exceeding 50°C

Class of insulation

Item N° Parts Method of A E B F H

measurement

1 a) A.c. windings other than those T 40 55 60 75 -

mentioned in 9 R
b) D.c. field winding of a.c. and d.c. T 50 65 70 90 110
machines other than those R
mentioned in 2 and 3
c) Armature windings connected to T
commutators R
2 D.c. field winding of turbines type R - - 80 100 120
machines
3 a) Low resistance field winding and T or R 50 65 70 90 110
compensating winding
b) Single-layer field winding with T or R 55 70 80 100 120
exposed bare surface
4 Permanently short-circuited insulated T 50 65 70 90 110
windings
5 Permanently short-circuited windings, T The temperature rise of these parts is in
non insulated no case to reach such a value that there
is a risk of injury for any insulating or
6 Iron cores and other parts not in T other material on adjacent parts
contact with windings
7 Iron cores and other parts in contact T 50 65 70 90 110
with windings
8 a) Commutators T 50 60 70 70 80
b) Slip-rings T 50 60 70 90 110
9 a) A.c. windings of turbine-type R or I 50 60 70 90 110
machines having an output of
5000 kVa or more
b) A.c. windings of salient-pole and of
induction machines of more than
5000 kVa or having a core length of
1 m or more

Notes: measurement processes are:

T Thermometer method;
For measurements carried out by the thermometer method on class F insulated winding and on slip-rings and commutator, a
thermocouple type thermometer with instantaneous reading is to be used;
R Resistance method;
I Embedded detector method.

6.3.1.2.
Where a machine is designed to operate with a
coolant at an ambient temperature different from
50°C, the permissible temperature rises may be
reduced or increased in accordance with the actual
ambient temperature.
6.3.1.3.
If air-to-water heat exchangers are used, the
temperature rise is increased by 20°C, but only if
the specified inlet water temperature does not
exceed 30°C. When commutators of these
machines are not in the enclosed air circuit cooled
by the water cooler, but are cooled by the ambient
cooling air, the permissible temperature rise above

34
the ambient cooling air is to be as for ventilated the voltage obtained at nominal load does not
machines. exceed the nominal voltage by more than 1,5 %.

6.3.2. Intermittent service motors

The permissible temperature rise limits for

motors supplying a service requiring intermittent
power, will be specially considered by the Society.

6.3.3. Tests

The requirements regarding temperature rise

tests and temperature measurement are given in
6.8.2.

6.4. Characteristics of d.c.

generators

6.4.1. Means of excitation

D.c. generators are to be provided with:

• either compound excitation;

• or shunt excitation.

6.4.2. Voltage automatic control

Automatic voltage regulators are to be provided:

• on shunt excited generators;

• on generators of any type which are driven

by a machine at variable speed, used for
instance for propulsion purpose.

The preceding requirements are not compulsory

for generators exclusively utilised for battery
loading.

6.4.3. Inherent voltage regulation

6.4.3.1.
In relation to the speed regulation of driving
machines, the inherent voltage regulation of d.c.
generators rated at 50 kW or more is to satisfy, at
service temperature, conditions given in 6.4.3.2.
and 6.4.3.3.

6.4.3.2.
Compound wound generators are to have such
an inherent voltage regulation that, when starting at
20 % load with a voltage within 1 % of rated load,

35
 Furthermore, the average regulation curve when
the load varies between 20 % and 100 % of rated
load, either by increase or decrease, is not to vary
by more than 3 % from the rated voltage.
6.4.3.3.
For shunt wound generators arranged to run in
parallel, the inherent voltage regulation is to satisfy
the following conditions:
• when the voltage at full load has been set to
its rated value, removal of the load is not to
cause a permanent increase greater than
15 % of the rated voltage;
• when the voltage has been set either at full
load or at no load, the voltage obtained at
any value of load is not to exceed the no
load voltage.
6.4.4. Field regulation of d.c.
generators
Means are to be provided at the switchboard to
enable the voltage of each generator to be adjusted.
The equipment provided is to be capable of
adjusting the voltage of each generator to within
0,5 % of the rated for machines of 100 kW and
above; and 1 % of the rated voltage for smaller
machines, at any load from zero to rated load.
6.4.5. Parallel operation of d.c.
generators
Generators arranged to run in parallel are to be
stable in operation at all loads from no load to rated
load.
6.4.6. Equaliser conductors and
bars
The requirements concerning equaliser
connections and bars are given in 5.2.3.
6.4.7. Polarity of series windings
The series windings of each 2-wire generator are
to be connected to the negative terminal of each
machine.
36
6.5. Characteristics of a.c.
generators
6.5.1. Voltage automatic control
A.c. generators, unless of the self-regulated
type, are to be fitted with automatic voltage
regulators.
6.5.2. Characteristics of voltage
and current of a.c.
generators
6.5.2.1.
In relation to the speed regulation of prime
movers, the voltage regulation of a.c. generators is
to satisfy conditions given in 6.5.2.2. and 6.5.2.4.
6.5.2.2.
In relation to the speed regulation of the prime
movers, under steady conditions and at any load
between no load and the rated load, at rated power
factor, the voltage is to be maintained within less
than 2,5 % of the rated voltage.
For emergency generating sets the limit may be
3,5 % of the rated voltage.
6.5.2.3.
When the generator driven at its rated speed and
delivering the rated voltage, is submitted, from an
initial specified load, to a sudden change of
symmetrical load within the limits of specified
current and power factor, the voltage must not set
below 85 % of the rated voltage at loading, or above
120 % at deloading.
The voltage is to be restored within ± 3 % of the
final steady voltage in less than 1,5 s, and
respectively ± 4 % and 5 s for emergency
generators.
In the absence of precise information concerning
the maximum values of the sudden load, the
following conditions are to be fulfilled: 60 % of rated
current with a power factor of between 0,4 lagging
and zero to be thrown on with the generator running
at no-load, and then withdrawn after steady-state
conditions have been reached.
6.5.2.4.
In case of short circuit, generators whose rated
power is greater than 50 kW are to be at least
capable of withstanding a current equal to 3 times 6.8. Testing of electrical
their rated current during 2 s.
rotating machines
6.5.3. Parallel operation of a.c.
generators 6.8.1. General requirements

In addition to the requirements of 6.2.2., the
generators arranged to run in parallel are to be such
that the wattless load on any generator does not
differ from the theoretical load (proportional to
rating) by more than 10 % of the rated wattless
load of the last generator, or 25 % of the rated
wattless load of the smallest generator if this value
is lower than the first one.
6.6. Control gear of electrical
rotating machines
Machines supplying an essential service such as
those specified in 1.8. and rated above 1 kW and
not type-approved are to be submitted to the type
tests required by the present 6.8., carried out in the
presence of the Surveyor, or in accordance with an
alternative procedure accepted by the Society.
Note: by alternative procedure accepted by the Society, it is
meant: this tests required in 6.8.2. to 6.8.5. may not be carried
out, totally or partly, if type test reports concerning identical
machines or other justifications acceptable by the Society are
submitted. The tests are carried out by an independent
Laboratory or attended by authorised bodies.

The requirements covering the control gear of

rotating machines are given in 8.4.

6.7. Protection of the

electrical rotating
machines
5.6.4. is applicable to generators and 5.6.5. to
motors.

37
 TABLE 6.8.4.
HIGH VOLTAGE TEST

Item Nr Machine or part test voltage

(r.m.s.)

1 All windings except those Machines rated at less 2 U + 500 V

than 1kW or 1kVA
2 specified in 3 to 8 below Machines rated at 1kW or
1kVA or more
3 Separately excited windings of d.c. machines
4 Field winding of synchronous generators
5 Field windings of synchronous motors, synchronous
compensators and synchronous inverters:
a) When intended to be started with the field
windings short-circuited or connected through
an exciter armature, or to be started with the
a.c. windings idle
b) When intended to be started wither with either
with a resistance connected in series with the
field windings, or with the field windings on
open circuit with or without a field dividing
switch
6 Secondary windings (armatures) of induction motors
or of synchronous induction motors if not permanently
short-circuited
a) for non reversible motors or motors reversible
from standstill only
b) for motors to be reversed or braked by
reversing the primary supply while the motor is
running
7 Exciters (except as below):
a) Exciters of synchronous motors (or of
synchronous induction motors) if connected to
earth or disconnected from the field windings
during starting
b) Separately excited field windings of exciters
(see item 3)
8 Groups of new machines and apparatus installed and
connected together, each one of which has
undergone the relevant dielectric test
2 U + 1000 V
with a minimum of 1500 V
1000 V + twice the maximum rated field voltage
(minimum: 1500 V)
10 times the rated excitation voltage with a minimum
of 1500 V and a maximum of 3500 V
1000 V + twice the maximum rated excitation voltage
with a minimum of 1500 V
1000 V + twice the maximum r.m.s. voltage which can
occur under the specified starting conditions, between
the terminals of the field windings or, in the case of a
field winding divided into sections, between the
terminals of any section with a minimum of 1500 V
1000 V + twice the open-circuit standstill voltage as
measured between slip-rings or secondary terminals
with rated voltage applied to the primary winding
1000 V + 4 times the open-circuit standstill secondary
voltage as defined in item 6 a)
As for the windings to which they are connected.
1000 V + twice the rated exciter voltage with a
minimum of 1500 V
80 % of the lowest test voltage appropriate for one of
these groups.

Note: U is the rated voltage, in V.

One of the following methods may be used for

6.8.2. Temperature rise tests determining temperature rises:

Machines are to be tested under the rated load • resistance method;

for a time sufficient to obtain a temperature balance
which will be considered as being obtained when • temperature detector method;
the temperature does not rise of more than 1°°C/h.
However, the test is normally to last at least 4 h.
The temperatures are not to exceed the limits given
• thermometer method.
in 6.3.

38
6.8.3. Performance tests
6.8.3.1. Generators
After completion of the temperature rise tests,
the machines are to undergo performance tests
including:
• checking of voltage characteristics in the
conditions mentioned in 6.4.3. for d.c.
generators and in 6.5.2.2. and 6.5.2.3. for
a.c. generators;
• checking of the excitating setting facilities as
per 6.4.4. for d.c. generators and 6.5.2. and
6.5.3. for a.c. generators;
• checking of the withstanding to current
overload. A generator is to be capable of
withstanding for 15 s current exceeding by
50 % its rated current, the voltage being
maintained as close as possible to the
nominal voltage, taken into consideration the
maximum power of the driving engine. The
exact value of the voltage is of no
importance.
• checking of the commutation. This checking
is to be done after the temperature rise test.
There must not be detrimental sparking at
brushes when they are in fixed position from
no load to running with over-intensity or
torque in excess.
6.8.3.2. Motors
After completion of the temperature rise tests,
the machines are to undergo performance test
including:
• checking of the characteristics when loaded;
• checking of the characteristics when
unloaded (current and power at rated voltage)
and, if relevant, testing of the motor with
blocked rotor at the rated current is to be
performed;
• checking of the withstanding to torque
excess;
• checking of the commutation.
39
6.8.4. Dielectric tests
The completed machines are to undergo, at the
end of the temperature tests, dielectric tests under
an a.c. voltage, at any frequency between 25 and
100 Hz, the value of which is given in Table 6.8.4.
This voltage is to be applied progressively and
maintained to the full value for 1 min between each
winding and the mass (frame and magnetic circuit)
connected with the other windings.
When dielectric tests are intended for machines
or parts of machines which have already been
tested, the r.m.s. value of the test voltage as
established in Table 6.8.4. can be reduced by
25 %.
6.8.5. Insulation tests
Insulation tests are to be carried out when
machines are hot, preferably at the conclusion of
temperature tests and dielectric tests; a d.c.
voltage of about 500 V is to be used for this
purpose. The insulation resistance, measured in
M Ω, is not normally to be less than U 1000 ,
U being the rated voltage.
Note: this test is not required on new motors.
6.9. Tests after construction
Type tested machines are subject to the
following routine testing:
• checking of their characteristics when
unloaded;
• dielectric tests;
• insulation tests.
Testing is to be achieved in the Surveyor's
attendance, or according to a procedure agreed by
the Society (i.e. homologation as per NR 320 R01
"Approval and inspection at works of materials and
equipment for the classification of ships and
offshore units. Principles and procedures").
SECTION 7.  TRANSFORMERS

7.1. General 7.1.5. Number of transformers

Where the services specified in 1.8. are supplied

7.1.1. Field of application
The requirements of the present Section 7. are
normally applicable to transformers for power and
lighting rated at 1 kVA or more in single-phase
current, or at 5 kVA or more in three-phase current.
They are also applicable, where appropriate, to
reactors or other similar static apparatus used for
essential services.
7.1.2. Approval
by transformers, at least two transformers with
appropriate characteristics are to be provided, so
that in the event of one transformer being out of
order these services are still supplied.
When single phase transformers are used, only
one spare element is required if special precautions
are taken to rapidly replace the faulty one.
Equivalent arrangement, likely to ensure the
continuity of essential services may be considered.

The transformers as defined in 7.1.1. are 7.1.6. Withstanding of short-circuit

normally to be type approved by the Society, on the
basis of the IEC Standard 92-303. Using
transformers of another type is subject to special
consideration and to satisfactory and appropriate
testing.
The transformers are to be capable of
withstanding short-circuit effects for the periods of
time given in Table 7.1.6.

TABLE 7.1.6.
7.1.3. Windings
TRANSFORMERS SHORT-CIRCUIT
Transformers are to be double-wound -two WITHSTANDING CAPACITY
separate windings). Starting transformers may be of
the autotransformer type. Short-circuit Symmetrical short- Duration in s
voltage circuit current to
Ucc be withstood
7.1.4. Location, installation ≤4% 25 In 2
>4 % 100 I n 3
7.1.4.1.
Ucc
The transformers are to be placed in accessible
Note: In is the rated current of the transformer
well ventilated spaces free from any gaseous or
Ucc is expressed in percentage of the
acid fumes. They are to be clear of non-protected
primary rated voltage
ignitable materials.

7.1.4.2. 7.2. Temperature rise of

Liquid dielectric cooled transformers are to be
placed in machinery spaces, or in metallic
compartments specially designed for this purpose.
Adequate means are to be provided to permit the
drainage of any leakage.
transformers
The maximum permissible temperature rises,
measured in continuous operation at rating, are not
to exceed the limits given in Table 7.2.

40
 TABLE 7.2.
MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE TEMPERATURE RISE FOR TRANSFORMERS AND SIMILAR
APPARATUS

Winding mean temperature rises measured by resistance variation of the windings between terminals (°C).

Class of insulation
Type Cooling A E B F H
dry air or 50 65 75 95 115
solid dielectri
c
immersed self 50 - - - -
in a liquid forced 55 - - - -
dielectric
Temperature rise of the liquid dielectric:
50°C when the liquid in the main tank is protected from contact with air.
45°C when the liquid in the main tank is in contact with air.

Temperature rise of the magnetic cores (for all types): the temperature rise measured by the thermometer on the
outer faces of the cores is not to exceed the maximum permissible temperature rise of the adjacent windings.

The limits given in Table 7.2. are applicable to

equipment installed in the machinery spaces of
offshore units and installations operating in tropical 7.4. Protection of
waters; they are based on 45°C cooling air
temperature and 30°C cooling water temperature. transformers
The limits of temperature rise given in Table 7.2. Refer to 5.6.6.
may be increased by 5°C where:
7.5. Testing of transformers
• either it is known that the ambient
temperature will remain less than 45°C (in
particular for mobile units navigating in 7.5.1. General requirements
limited zones and for fixed installations);

• or, on offshore units or installations intended

The transformers referred to in 7.1.1. are to
undergo tests to ensure that the requirements of
to operate in tropical waters, air cooled
the present Section 7. are complied with. For this
transformers are installed in accommodation
purpose the following tests are to be made in the
spaces.
presence of the Surveyor or according to an
alternative procedure agreed by the Society.
7.3. Service characteristics of
transformers 7.5.2. Type tests

The voltage variations between no load and the
rated current with a unity power factor are not to
exceed 5 % for transformers rated at up to 5 kVA
per phase, and 2,5 % for transformers rated at
more than 5 kVA per phase.
Each type of transformer is normally subject to
design approval and to type tests to be performed
according to a test programme approved by the
Society. Such programme comprises at least the
tests required in 7.5.3. to 7.5.5.

Note: this requirement is not applicable to starting Particular arrangement may be considered, for
transformers. instance in the case of transformers identical to a
transformer type, temperature rise type tests are
acceptable up to 100 kVA rated power.

41
 An applied voltage test is to be carried out on
every new transformer. When applied voltage tests
are intended on machines or parts of machines
7.5.3. Temperature rise tests and having already been tested, the r.m.s. value of test
measurements of voltage voltage may be reduced by 25 %.
drop
7.5.5. Induced voltage test
Transformers are to be submitted to a test under
the rated load current. This test is to last long
Internal insulation is to be checked by applying
enough for temperature stabilising. The maximum
twice the rated voltage to the transformers.
permissible temperature rises for transformers and
other static electrical machines specified in 7.1.1.
In order not to exceed the usual induction, this
are not to exceed the limits given in Table 7.2.
test can be made with a voltage source having a
frequency of at least twice the rated frequency.
During this test, voltage drop in the secondary
winding is to be as per 7.3.
The normal duration of the test is 1 min.

7.5.4. Applied voltage test 7.5.6. Measurement of the

The completed transformers are to undergo, transforming voltage ratio
preferably after completion of the temperature rise
test, a voltage test under a sine wave form voltage Transformers are to undergo a transforming
at any frequency between 25 and 100 Hz with a voltage ratio test.
r.m.s. value of 2 U + 1000, U being the highest
voltage of the circuit, i.e. the highest r.m.s. voltage
7.5.7. Insulation test
between phases, at any point of the circuit and at
any time, under normal working conditions. The
Insulation tests are to be carried out when
minimum test voltage is, however, to be of r.m.s.
transformers are hot, preferably at the conclusion of
2,5 kV.
temperature and dielectric tests. A d.c. voltage of
about 500 V is to be used for this purpose.
Test voltage is to be applied for 1 min between
the winding under test and the other windings, the
Note: this test is not required for new transformers.
core frame and the tank or envelope of the
transformer, being connected all together and
earthed.

42
SECTION 8.  ACCESSORIES

8.1. General
8.4. Control gears and
8.1.1. Materials starters
Materials used are to be durable, non-
hygroscopic, flame retardant and corrosion proof.
8.4.1. Design requirements

8.4.1.1.
8.1.2. Protection indexes
Where necessary, depending on the capacity of
generators and of the distribution network, some
The protection indexes IP XX of the equipment or
motors are to be equipped with an appropriate
of their envelopes are to be in accordance with the
control device lowering the starting overcurrent to
requirements of 1.6.
an acceptable value.

8.1.3. Safety types For asynchronous motors, direct on-line starting

When fitted in places where flammable gases or
vapours may accumulate, or in rooms intended to
mainly contain accumulators, paint or similar
material, the equipment are to be of a safety type in
accordance with the Rules
8.1.4. Portable equipment
Portable equipment is beyond the scope of
classification.
is acceptable within the limits permitted by the
characteristics of the alternators (refer to Section
6.). The maximum voltage drop on the network is
not to exceed 15 %.
8.4.1.2.
Motors rated above 0,5 kW and their starting
devices are to be provided with an isolating facility.
Where started is located far from motor, the switch
of the feeder supplying the starter is to be
supplemented by:

• either a disconnecting devices near the

starter;
8.2. Connection boxes
• or a device blocking the switch in the off
Where boxes are filled with an insulating position;
compound, it is to be of a suitable, flame retardant
type. • or removable fuses.

8.4.2. Tests of control gear

8.3. Socket-outlets
Control gears and starters are to undergo
dielectric tests and insulation level measurements
8.3.1. Sockets-outlets rated over as applicable to electric switchboards or panels
16 A (refer to 5.2.5.).

Sockets-outlets rated over 16 A are to be 8.5. Requirements applicable

provided with a switch.
to interrupting and
8.3.2. Socket-outlets provided with protective devices
an earthing plug

Socket-outlets provided with an earthing plug are 8.5.1. General

to be designed that this plug operated before the
others during the plug-in operation. It is to be These requirements are applicable to interrupting
impossible to introduce the earthing plug in and protective devices used in main switchboards,
unsuitable hole. distribution boards and panels, starters, etc.

43
excluding installation apparatus such as sockets-
outlets, cabin switches or equivalent.
8.5.2. Approval
The devices are normally to be type approved by
the Society on the basis of the following IEC
Standards:
IEC 947-1 Low voltage switchgear and
control gear - Part 1: general
rules.
IEC 947-2 Low voltage switchgear and
control gear - Part 2: circuit
breakers.
IEC 947-3 Low voltage switchgear and
control gear - Part 3: switches,
disconnectors, switch-
disconnectors and fuse
combination.
IEC 947-4.1 Low voltage switchgear and
control gear - Part 4: contactors
and motor-starters. Section 1:
electromechanical contactors
and motor-starters.
IEC 947-5.1 Low voltage switchgear and
control gear - Part 5: control
circuit devices and switching
elements. Section 1:
electromechanical control circuit
devices.
IEC 947-6.1 Low voltage switchgear and
control gear - Part 6: multiple
function equipment. Section 1:
automatic transfer switching
equipment.
IEC 947-7.1 Low voltage switchgear and
control gear - Part 7: ancillary
equipment. Section 1: terminal
blocks for copper conductors.
IEC 269 Low voltage fuses
Equipment in accordance with national
regulations and having at least equivalent
characteristics may also be used; necessary
justification may be required.
The Society may require, in addition, justification
of the characteristics of switchgears, by means of
tests for instance.
44
8.6. Lighting fittings
8.6.1. Protection
Luminaries exposed to risks of mechanical
damage are to be suitable protected or strongly
built.
8.6.2. Luminous discharge
equipment
8.6.2.1.
The necessary reactors, capacitors and other
auxiliaries are to be enclosed in an earthed metal
casing.
8.6.2.2.
Multiple switches are to be used on the primary
circuits of the equipment rated higher than 250 V,
to enable the installation to be totally isolated.
8.7. Heaters
8.7.1. General
Heaters are to be built, installed or protected that
one cannot easily cover them with clothes or
inflammable objects.
8.7.2. Approval
The following is applicable:
a) Visual inspection to evaluate in particular:
• the protection index IP XX (refer to 1.6.),
testing may be required;
• the expected behaviour when submitted
to vibration; testing according to the
requirements of 1.5.2. may be required;
• the protection against corrosion;
• the protection against covering by
inflammable objects (refer to 8.7.1.);
• earthing arrangement;
• the arrangement of fuses, switches and
other built-in control devices; it is to be
such that these components are not
submitted to higher temperatures than
the ones for which they have been
designed.
 b) High voltage test, using test voltage of • explosion group II B;
2U + 1000 V at industrial frequency,
minimum 2000 V during 1 min, phase-to- • temperature class T3.
phase and phase-to-earth.

c) Measurement of the insulation resistance

(hot) under 500 V d.c. Resistance is not to
be less than 1 MΩ .
d) Temperature rise test based on the IEC
Standards 335-1.
8.8. Electronic equipment
In addition to the requirements of the present
Rule Note, the requirements of the section 19-2:
"Qualification of Equipment", of the Rules or of the
IEC Publication 92-504 are applicable to the
electronic equipment used for essential services.
8.9.3. Switches and similar
equipment
Switches, protective devices and motor control
gear of electrical equipment installed in a paint
store are to interrupt all poles or phases and
preferably are to be located in non-hazardous
spaces.
8.9.4. Areas on open deck
In the areas of open deck within 1 m from inlet
and exhaust ventilation openings or within 3 m from
exhaust mechanical ventilation outlets, the
following electrical equipment may be installed:

• electrical equipment with the type of

8.9. Electrical equipment in protection as permitted in paint stores or
paint stores and in the • equipment of protection class Exn or
enclosed spaces leading
• appliances which do not generate arcs in
to paint stores service and the surface of which does not
reach unacceptably high temperature or
8.9.1. Equipment in paint stores • appliances with simplified pressurised
enclosures or vapour-proof enclosures
Electrical equipment is to be installed in paint (minimum class of protection IP55) the
stores and in ventilation ducts serving such spaces surface of which does not reach
only where it is essential for operational services. unacceptably high temperature.

Certified safe type equipment of the following

type is acceptable: 8.9.5. Access spaces

• intrinsically safe Exi; An enclosed space giving access to a paint

store may be considered as non-hazardous,
• flameproof Exd; provided that:
• pressurised Exp;
• the door to the paint store is a gastight door
• increased safety Exe; with self-closing devices without holding
back arrangements;
• special protection Exs.
• the paint store is provided with an
Cables (through-runs or terminating cables) of acceptable, independent, natural ventilation
armoured type or installed in metallic conduits are system ventilated from a safe area;
to be used.
• warning notices are fitted adjacent to the
paint store entrance stating that the store
8.9.2. Certified safe type equipment contains flammable liquids.

The minimum requirements for the certified safe

type equipment are as follows:

45
SECTION 9.  STORAGE BATTERIES

9.1. General • power more than 2 kW: in a room assigned

to batteries only or if a room is not available,
in a suitable well-ventilated locker on deck;
9.1.1. Scope
• power between 0,2 kW and 2 kW: as above,
The present Section 9. is applicable to may be installed in a box or locker in some
accumulators installed permanently in position. suitable space, or, if protected from falling
objects, in the machinery space or in a
similar well-ventilated compartment;
9.1.2. Starting batteries
• power less than 0,2 kW: as above, but may
also be installed open, if protected from
9.1.3. falling objects, or in a battery box in any
suitable space.
Starting batteries and their connection cables
are to be dimensioned to ensure at the starter 9.2.1.3.
terminals during starting the service voltage, taking
Combined battery-charger sets of a power in
account of internal voltage drop of the battery and of
excess of 0,2 kW (refer to 9.2.1.2.) may be
voltage drop in line.
installed in main or emergency switchboards only if
they are of the hermetically sealed type and further
9.1.4. to special consideration by the Society.

The requirements applicable to starting systems In this case, suitable arrangements is to be

given in the Rule Note "Machinery on board offshore made to avoid sending of gas in the switchboards in
units and installations" are applicable to starting case of fault, by automatic shut down of the
batteries. charging current, or in fitting appropriate exhaust
manifold for instance.

9.2. Installation and protection 9.2.1.4.

of batteries Batteries (unless of the hermetically sealed type)
are not to be placed in sleeping quarters.

9.2.1. Location of batteries 9.2.1.5.

9.2.1.1. Lead-acid batteries and alkaline batteries are not

to be placed in the same battery compartment.
Batteries are to be located where they are not
exposed to excessive heat, extreme cold or spray,
which would impair performance or accelerate 9.2.2. Arrangement of
deterioration. compartments or lockers

Emergency batteries, including emergency 9.2.2.1.

diesel engine starting batteries are to be installed in
spaces where they are protected against Batteries are to be arranged to permit
mechanical damages due to collision, as far as maintenance operations.
practicable.
9.2.2.2.
9.2.1.2. Metallic shelves or other structural parts
Batteries are to be installed dependent on the supporting batteries are to be protected by suitable
output power of the charging device (calculated lining: lead sheet for lead-acid, steel for alkaline
from the maximum obtainable charging current and batteries. The lining is to be watertight and carried
the nominal voltage of the battery) as follows: up at least 75 mm on all sides.

46
 Other electrolyte-resistant coating may be Adequate openings, whether connected to ducts
accepted. or not, for air inlets are to be provided near the floor
of battery rooms of the bottom of lockers or boxes.
Alternatively, the floor of battery compartments
may be lined or coated with electrolyte-resistant The fan motor is to be placed external to the
material or casing spanning the entire floor. The duct; possible friction of blades on fixed parts is not
lining is to be watertight and carried up to at least to result in sparking.
150 mm on all sides.
The fan is to be of non sparking construction, as
9.2.2.3. defined in 9.2.4.2.

Deck boxes are to be lined in accordance with

9.2.4.2.
methods described in 9.2.2.2.. Boxes for small
batteries are to be lined to a depth of 75 mm Non sparking construction of fans is defined as
consistent with the methods described above. follows:

9.2.2.4. • impellers and housing of non-metallic

construction, duly taking into account the
Batteries are to be securely chocked; each box elimination of static electricity;
is to be equipped with isolating supports.
• impellers and housing of non ferrous
materials;
9.2.3. Electrical appliances in
compartments and lockers • ferrous impellers and housing with not less
than 13 mm design tip clearance.
Lighting fittings are to be of an appropriate safety
The combination of austenitic steel fixed and
type.
rotating components is to be approved by the
Society.
Electrical equipment is not to be installed in
battery rooms, except where needed; in this case,
Any combination of an aluminium or magnesium
it is to be a safety type appropriate for gas group II
alloy fixed or rotating components with a ferrous
C and temperature class T1.
fixed or rotating component, regardless of tip
clearance, is considered as a sparking hazard and
9.2.4. Ventilation of compartments therefore is not to be used in these places.
and lockers Light alloys intended to be used are not to
contain more than 6 % magnesium in weight.
9.2.4.1.
Battery rooms and lockers are to be ventilated, Fans are to be of a type approved by the
either by natural ventilation, or by ventilating fans. Society.

Natural ventilation may be employed if ducts can 9.2.4.3.

be run directly from the top of the room or locker to
Deck boxes are to be provided with exhaust
the open air above, with no part of the duct more
ducts on top and air inlets at lower part. The
than 45° from the vertical. These ducts are not to
assembly is to be suitably weather proof.
contain appliances which may impede the free
passage of air or gas mixtures.
9.2.4.4.
If natural ventilation is impracticable or Boxes for small batteries require no ventilation
insufficient, mechanical exhaust-ventilation is to be other than openings near the top to permit escape
provided with exhaust at the top of the room. of gas.

47
SECTION 10.  SEMICONDUCTOR STATIC
CONVERTERS
10.1. General
10.1.1. Field of application
The present Section 10. is applicable to the
semiconductor static converters supplying power to
the essential services listed in 1.8. or the electric
propulsion plant.
10.1.2. Type approval
The converters related to in 10.1.1. are normally
to be type approved by the Society on the basis of
the IEC Standards 92-304 and 92-401. Using other
converters is subject to special consideration and
to appropriate testing.
10.2. Design, installation
10.2.1. Cooling
Semiconductor converter equipment is to be
installed in such a manner that the circulation of air
to converter stacks or to their envelope (if any) is
not impeded.
Naturally air-cooled cabinets are to be designed
with sufficient ventilating openings, or with sufficient
radiating surface in the case of totally enclosed
converter equipment to operate within allowable
temperature limits.
Temperature rise requirements are based on
ambient air temperature at 45°C or on cooling water
temperature at 30°C. The allowable temperature
limits at rated power are those specified for the
semiconductors valves; maximum permissible
temperature rises are as per the Table 7.2. for the
other elements.
Where it is known that the ambient temperature
will remain less than 45°C (in particular for mobile
units navigating in limited zones and for fixed
installations), the limit of temperature rise given in
Table 7.2. may be increased by 5°C for units and
installations operating outside the tropical zone.
48
10.2.2. Number of converters
The services referred to in 1.8. are to be still
ensured in case of breakdown of the converter in
service. A second converter, or an equivalent
equipment, or spare parts for readily changing are
to be provided for this purpose.
Equivalent arrangement, likely to ensure the
continuity of essential services may be considered.
10.3. Operating conditions
10.3.1. General case
Semi-conductor converters are to operate
satisfactorily under conditions of plus or minus 5 %
frequency and plus 6 % or minus 10 % voltage
variations.
10.3.2. Forced cooling
Where forced cooling (air or water) is used, the
circuit is to be fitted with a protection device
ensuring that voltages cannot be applied to
rectifiers unless effective cooling is maintained.
10.3.3. Effect of disturbances
Means are to be provided, to limit the effect of
disturbances, both to the system, to other
converters and consumers. Attention is to be paid
to:
• commutation reactance which, if insufficient,
may result in excessive voltage distortion;
• the relation between the system subtransient
reactance and the converter commutation
reactance. Unsuitable matching may result
in the production of voltage harmonics which
could cause overheating of other consumers
or cables;
• any adverse effect of converters on the
commutation of d.c. machines;
 • interference from high frequency noise; the
IEC publication 478-3 gives a method of
measurement of conducted electromagnetic
interference (EMI).
When filter circuits and capacitors are used for
reactive current compensation, attention is to be
paid to:
• any adverse effect of frequency variations on
the r.m.s. and peak values of system voltage
(refer to 10.3.1.);
• any adverse effect on voltage regulation of
generators.
10.4. Converter protection
The following protection of converters is to be
provided:
• overvoltage surge in a supply system to
which converters are connected is to be
limited by suitable devices to prevent
damage. Protective fuses or circuit breakers
for these devices are to give an indicator
when they have blown out or tripped;
• a suitable control is to ensure that the
permissible current of semiconductor
elements cannot be exceeded during normal
operation; in addition, short-circuit currents
are to be limited by specially adapted fuses;
• fuses in filter circuits are to give an indication
when they have blown out.
49
10.5. Testing
10.5.1. General
10.5.1.1.
The converters as defined in 10.1.1. are to be
submitted to tests in order to check that they meet
correctly the requirements of the present Section
10.. For this, the following tests are to be performed
in the Surveyor's presence or in accordance with an
alternative procedure agreed by the Society.
10.5.1.2.
Each equipment type is normally subject to type
approval, performed according to a programme
approved by the society. Such programme is to
comprise at least the tests of 10.5.2. to 10.5.4.
10.5.2. Temperature rise test
Converters are tested under rated load during
sufficient time to stabilise the temperatures. Then,
the maximum permissible temperature rises of the
semiconductor valves are to remain within the limits
specified by their Manufacturer, in considering for
ambient air temperature 45°C, or for cooling water
temperature 30°C.
Temperature rises of the other elements are not
to exceed the limits given in the Table 7.2.
10.5.3. Dielectric test
Completed converters are submitted to a
dielectric test in same conditions than specified for
transformers (refer to 7.5.4.).
10.5.4. Test of the protection device
of forced cooling converters
The protection device required in 10.3.2. is to be
tested in suppressing or by simulated suppression
of the coolant forced circulation.
SECTION 11.  HIGH VOLTAGE INSTALLATIONS

11.1. Scope 11.2.3.2.

High voltage cables are to be identifiable as far
The present Section 11. is applicable to systems as practicable
with voltages higher than 1 kV and lower than or
equal to 11 kV.
11.3. Rotating electrical
Requirements of other Sections of the present
Rule Note are also applicable where necessary, as machines
well as the appropriate requirements of the IEC
Publication 92-503. Equivalent standards may be
11.3.1. Protection index
taken into consideration by the Society.
1.6. is applicable; however, the protection index
is to be at least IP 23, except for terminals for
11.2. General which it is to be at least IP 44.

11.2.1. Voltages 11.3.2. Electrical protection of

Recommended voltage are those of the IEC
Publication 38: 3 - 3,3 - 6,6 - 10 and 11 kV. The
case of higher voltage will be submitted to a special
examination by the Society.
alternators
Alternators are to be provided with a protection
system against the effects of insulation faults
occurring before their circuit breakers:

11.2.2. Insulation class • protection is to include automatic de-

According to the rated voltage, the highest
voltage which determines the insulation level of the
system and that equipment is to be capable of
withstanding is given in Table 11.2.2..
TABLE 11.2.2.
HIGHEST VOLTAGE FOR
DETERMINATION OF INSULATION
CLASSES
excitation of the alternators having directly
earthed neutral;
• same arrangement or an alarm or a fault
indicator is to be provided on alternators
having either isolated neutral or low
impedance earthed neutral.
11.3.3. Testing
Dielectric test voltages at industrial frequency to
be carried out are as per the Table 11.5.4.

Rated system voltage Highest voltage for equipment

(kV) (kV) 11.4. Transformers
U=1 1,5
1 < U ≤ 1,5 2,5
11.4.1. Protection index
1,5 < U ≤ 3,3 3,6
3,3 < U ≤ 6,6 7,2
1.6. is applicable; however, the protection index
6,6 < U ≤ 11 12
is to be at least IP 23.

11.2.3. Identification
11.4.2. Location, installation
11.2.3.1.
Transformers are to be installed in places or
Each high voltage equipment is to be provided rooms set for this purpose.
with an identification plate specifying the voltage
and relating danger.

50
11.4.3. Protection 11.5.2.2.
Where maintenance tasks are expected, the
11.4.3.1. access to the cells is to be effected either by the
5.6.6. is applicable. opening of a door or of an element of the protective
envelope or by the disconnection of an element of
11.4.3.2. this envelope.

The systems supplied by step-down 11.5.2.3.

transformers are to be protected against possible
overvoltages from the primary side by means of
earthed metal screen placed between the primary
and the secondary sides, or by means of other
suitable arrangement.
11.4.3.3.
When transformers are connected in parallel,
tripping of the protective device at the primary side
is to automatically trip the secondary side
switchgear.
Where the access is not expected in usual
working condition (for instance: the busbar
compartment), approaching this space is to be
possible only after dismantling same panel
sections of the protective envelope.
11.5.2.4.
Circuit breakers are to be of the plug-in or
equivalent type, permitting safe maintenance when
the busbars are in the live condition.

11.4.3.4. 11.5.2.5.
The secondary side of instrument transformers is The outgoing circuits supplying equipment
to be earthed. located near the switchboard may be provided with
disconnectors instead of interrupting devices.

11.4.4. Testing
11.5.3. Creepage distances and air
Dielectric test voltages at industrial frequency to clearance
be carried out are those indicated for switchboard
testing in Table 11.5.4. Creepage distances and air clearances between
live parts or between them and the earthed
conductive parts, are to be suitable for the service
11.5. Switchboards voltage, including the expected voltages surges and
for the environmental conditions.

11.5.1. Main switchboards

The main switchboard is to be in at least two
independent sections, so arranged that duplicated
equipment supplying essential services can be
supplied even in case of fault in one section of the
switchboard.
11.5.4. Testing
The dielectric tests at the industrial frequency
and the electric shock tests are to be performed in
applying values given in Table 11.5.4.

Alternatively, separate switchboards so arranged TABLE 11.5.4.

as to ensure an equivalent continuity of the VOLTAGES FOR DIELECTRIC AND ELECTRIC
essential services, are acceptable. SHOCK TESTS OF SWITCHBOARDS

11.5.2. Access and arrangement Highest voltage for R.m.s. test voltage, Impulse voltage
equipment 1 min at a rated test 1,2/50 peak
(kV) frequency voltage (kV)
11.5.2.1. (kV)

The elements liable to be switched on or off U ≤ 1,5 3,5 -

independently from the others following the normal 1,5 < U ≤ 2,5 8 20
operation necessities, are to be located in distinct 2,5 < U ≤ 3,6 10 40
cells separated by bulkheads. 3,6 < U ≤ 7,2 20 60
7,2 < U ≤ 12 28 75

51
11.6. Cables and cabling wires TABLE 11.6.4.
VOLTAGES FOR DIELECTRIC AND
11.6.1. General ELECTRIC SHOCK TESTS OF CABLES

Rated voltage 1,8 / 3 3,6 / 6 6 / 10 8,7 / 15 12 / 20

Cables and wires are normally to fulfil the
U0 / U (kV)
requirements of Section 4. regarding their selection,
cross section area, installation and testing. Industrial 7,5 11 15 22 30
frequency
In addition, requirements of 11.6.2. to 11.6.4. are test voltage
to be complied with. (kV)

Shock test - 60 75 95 125

(kV)
11.6.2. Selection

Specified voltage is to be at least equal to the 11.6.5. Testing after installation

network rated phase-to-phase voltage. Cables are
to withstand continuous 10 % overvoltage in
addition to the rated voltage..
11.6.3. Installation
High voltage cables are to be separated from the
other cables and protected against mechanical
shocks and thermal damage.
11.6.4. Testing
Type testing and routine tests are generally to be
in accordance with the requirements of 4.4.
and 4.5. of the present Rule Note and of the IEC
Standard 92-350.
Dielectric test voltages at industrial frequency,
for routine of type tests are to be according to
Table 11.6.4.; test duration is to be 4 h for the type
test and 5 min for the routine test.
Electric shock test voltages to be applied are
also given by Table 11.6.4.. Shock test comprises
10 positive and 10 negative shocks at the
maximum permissible conductor temperature is
normal service condition.
In addition to the tests carried out before
installation according to requirements of the
present Rule Note applicable to the equipment
concerned, the following tests are to be performed
on board:
• operating tests;
• measurement of the insulation level of each
machine; the value, measured in the hot
condition, is not to be less than the one
obtained by means of the following formula,
where Ri , insulation resistance, is
expressed in MΩ:
U
Ri = P
+ 1000
100
In this formula:
U is phase-to-phase rated voltage, in volts;
P is rated output, in kVA;
- measurement of the insulation level of
each switchboard as required in 14.2.

52
SECTION 12.  ADDITIONAL RULES FOR UNITS
AND INSTALLATIONS INCLUDING HAZARDOUS
AREAS
12.1. General
12.1.1. Groups of gas and
temperature classes
Flammable gases and vapours are classified in
group IIA, IIB or IIC, and in six temperature classes
from T1 to T6, according to the international
classification of the International Electrotechnical
Commission.
12.1.2. Safety electrical equipment
When reference is made, in the present Section
12., to safety material or equipment, it means
material or equipment for which satisfactory
guarantees can be accepted by the Society when
evaluating the safety of their operation in the
expected atmosphere. Such guarantees are to be
supplied under the form of certificates established
by independent and competent institutions
recognised on a basis at least equivalent to the
publications 79 of the International Electrotechnical
Commission:
• IEC Publication 79-0 (1991), Part 0 "General
requirements";
• IEC Publication 79-1 (1993), Part 1
"Construction and test of flameproof
enclosures of electrical apparatus";
• IEC Publication 79-1A (1975),.Amendment
N° 1 (1979), First supplement, Appendix D
"Method of test for ascertainment of
maximum experimental safe gap";
• IEC Publication 79-2 (1983), Part 2
"Electrical apparatus-type of protection "p"";
• IEC Publication 79-5 (1967), Part 5 "Sand-
filled apparatus";
• IEC Publication 79-6 (1968), Part 6 "Oil-
immersed apparatus";
• IEC Publication 79-7 (1994), Part 7
"Construction and test of electrical
apparatus, type of protection "e"";
53
• IEC Publication 79-11 (1991), Part 11
"Construction and test of intrinsically-safe
and associated apparatus";
• IEC Publication 79-15 (1987), Part 15
"Electrical apparatus with type of protection
"n"";
• IEC Publication 79-17, (1990), Part 17
"Recommendations for inspection and
maintenance of electric installations in
hazardous areas (other than mines)";
• IEC Publication 79-18 (1992) Part 18
"Electrical apparatus with type of protection
"m" (encapsulation)".
12.1.3. Suitability of equipment
12.1.3.1.
The electrical equipment mentioned in the
present Section 12. is to be certified as suitable for
the flammable gas/air mixture liable to be
encountered.
12.1.3.2.
Equipment located on board units on which
hazardous areas exist, where required by the
present Section 12. to be of a safety type, is to be
certified at least for the group IIA and the
temperature class T3.
Note: the certification ratings specified by this requirement
are valid only for gases emanating from hydrocarbon
products.
12.1.4. Maintenance or modification
of safety electrical apparatus
12.1.4.1.
It is reminded that, in pursuance of Rules for
Classification, checking, maintaining, or
reconditioning of safety apparatus where
necessary, are to be carried out at the care of
users, in accordance with the requirements of the
IEC Publication 79-17 (1990), Part 17.
12.1.4.2.
Any modification is to be the subject of a new
certification by an independent competent
institution (refer to 12.1.2.). It is to be reported with
necessary documentation to the Society, in
accordance with the requirements of the IEC
Publication 79-17 (1990), Part 17.
12.2. Electrical systems on
board units and
installations including
hazardous areas
12.2.1. Application
The present 12.2. is applicable to electrical
systems of units and installations including
hazardous areas, as defined by the Society's Rules
for Classification applicable to the unit or
installation considered, in addition to other
applicable requirements of the present Rule Note.
12.2.2. Distribution systems
12.2.2.1.
Earthed systems with or without hull return are
not allowed in units including hazardous areas,
except for the applications listed in 12.2.2.3.
12.2.2.2.
A permanent insulation level monitor is to be
installed to as to give audible and visual alarm in
case of abnormal decrease of earthing level.
12.2.2.3.
The following hull currents are authorised:
• sacrificial anode protective systems, or
impressed current protective systems for
outer hull protection only. No electrical cable
or equipment relating to these installations is
allowed in hazardous areas except the
exemptions mentioned in the
present Section 12.;
• limited and locally earthed systems, such as
combustion engine starting and ignition
systems;
• insulation level checking devices provided
that the circulating current does not exceed,
in the worst case, 30 mA;
54
• neutral earthing systems of power
distribution networks where the voltage is
3 kV or over, provided that resulting current
cannot flow through any hazardous area.
12.2.3. Generators, switchboards
and batteries
Generators, switchboards and batteries are to be
located in well ventilated spaces, separated from
any zone 0 by cofferdams or equivalent spaces and
from other hazardous areas by gas-tight steel
divisions without direct access.
12.2.4. Cables
12.2.4.1.
Electric cables, with the exception of those of
intrinsically safe circuits or those mentioned in the
present 12.2.4. are not allowed in hazardous areas.
12.2.4.2.
Cables likely to be exposed to oil or oil vapours
are to be protected with at least one of the
following:
• copper sheath (for mineral insulated cables);
• non metallic impervious sheath plus earthed
armour for mechanical protection and earth
detection.
12.2.4.3.
Where there are risks of corrosion, a non metal
impervious sheath is to be applied over the armour.
12.2.4.4.
Cables installed on deck or gangways are to be
protected against mechanical damages.
Cables and protective supports are to be so
installed as to avoid strain and chafing and to allow
for free displacement or working of the structure.
Cables are to be fitted sufficiently far from steel
pipes to avoid detrimental heating.
It must be possible to proceed with dismantling
of pipes, where necessary, and particularly at the
passages through bulkheads, without damaging
cables.
12.2.4.5.
Cables installed in pump rooms are to be
protected against risks of mechanical damage;
they are to be installed on cable runs and clearly
separated from bulkheads and decks.
12.2.4.6.
Supply cables to intrinsically safety type
equipment are to be separated from the other
cables.
12.2.5. Earthing and bonding
12.2.5.1.
The hazard of an incentive discharge due to the
build-up of static electricity resulting from the flow
of liquid/gases/vapours can be avoided if the
resistance between the storage tanks / process
plant / piping systems and the structure of the unit
or installation is less than 106 Ω.
12.2.5.2.
Bonding straps are required for cargo
tanks/process plant/piping systems which are not
permanently connected to the structure of the unit
or installation; this may be omitted where storage
tanks/process plant/piping systems are directly or
via their supports, either welded or bolted to the
structure of the unit or installation.
12.2.5.3.
Bonding straps are to be visible and protected
against mechanical damage as far as possible.
12.2.6. Aerials
The siting of aerials and associated parts such
as rigging is to be selected in relation with the
location of any gas and vapour outlets.
12.3. Electrical systems in
hazardous areas
12.3.1. General and application
12.3.1.1.
The present 12.3. is applicable to electrical
systems located in hazardous areas, as defined by
the Society's Rules for Classification applicable to
the unit or installation considered, in addition to
other applicable requirements of the present Rule
Note.
55
12.3.1.2.
The Society is to be supplied, with a general
drawing showing the location of the electrical
material with regard to the hazardous areas and
with the justification of the safety character of the
electrical material to be used in these zones.
12.3.2. Cables and electrical
equipment
12.3.2.1.
Electrical equipment and cables installed in
hazardous areas are to be limited to those
essential for operational purposes. Only cables and
types of equipment described in 12.3.2.2.
to 12.3.2.4. may be installed.
The limitations of use of electrical equipment are
not applicable to "intrinsically-safe" type equipment
and circuits located in hazardous areas, including
crude oil tanks and pipes.
The use of intrinsically safe equipment and
circuits is generally prescribed where electrical
equipment is necessary for measuring, alarm,
instrumentation, remote control or communication
purposes.
12.3.2.2.
In zone 0 spaces are permitted category "ia" or
"ib" intrinsically safe apparatus and associated
wiring.
12.3.2.3.
In zone 1 spaces are permitted the following
types of electrical equipment:
• category "Ex ia" or "Ex ib" intrinsically safe
apparatus and circuits;
• certified flameproof (explosion proof)
equipment;
• certified increased safety equipment; for
increased safety motors, due consideration
is to be given to the protection against
overcurrent;
• pressurised enclosure type equipment which
is certified safe or to the satisfaction of the
Society;
• equipment in an enclosure which is filled with
a dielectric and which is to the satisfaction of
the Society;
• through-runs of cables.
12.3.2.4.
In zone 2 spaces are permitted the following
types of electrical equipment:
• category "Ex ia" or "Ex ib" intrinsically safe
apparatus and circuits;
• certified flameproof (explosion proof)
equipment;
• certified increased safety equipment; for
increased safety motors, due consideration
is to be given to the protection against
overcurrent;
• pressurised enclosure type equipment which
is to the satisfaction of the Society;
56
• equipment in an enclosure which is filled with
a dielectric and which is to the satisfaction of
the Society;
• any equipment of a type which ensures
absence of sparks, arcs or hot spots during
normal operation and which is to the
satisfaction of the Society;
• through-runs of cables.
12.3.2.5.
Permanently installed fixed cables passing
through zone 1 hazardous areas are to be fitted
with a conductive covering, armour braiding or
sheath.
SECTION 13.  SPARE GEARS

13.1. Generators and motors of 13.2. Switchgear and control

essential services gear

13.1.1. Generators 13.2.1. Control gear

For each type of generator required by the For the starting gear of motors supplying one of
present Rule Note, including rotating exciters, the the essential services specified in 1.8., the
following is recommended: following is recommended:

• one set of contacts which are subject to

13.1.2. D.c. generators: deterioration in service;

• one set of brushes; • one set of springs;

• two brush supports; • 10 % of different resistance of rheostat

elements, with a minimum of one element
• one set of roller bearings. per apparatus;

13.1.3. Alternators:
• one of each type of coil used for contactors,
relays, low voltage releases.
• one set of roller bearings. Where several starters in which these parts
are interchangeable are fitted on board, it is
Note: this recommendation is not applicable to emergency sufficient to provide, for six or less starters,
generating sets. one set of spare parts for the starter
employing the greatest number of parts.

13.1.4. Exciters except of

emergency generating set 13.2.2. Switchgear and distribution
boards
Where exciters include an electronic regulator, a
spare regulator of each type is recommended For each type of circuit-breaker or switch, the
unless said regulator is made of plug-in element; in following is recommended:
the latter case, a removable element of each type
likely to be damaged in service is enough. • one set of contacts which are subject to
deterioration in service;
Where alternators are excited by means of
rectifiers, 10 % of the rectifier cells are • one set of parts subject to wear or
recommended, with a minimum of 1. deterioration;

• one set of springs;

13.1.5. Motors
• one trip coil;
For each motor ensuring an essential service
one complete set of roller bearings is
• one resistance element (one of each type
used).
recommended.
For each type and size of fuse, a number of
However, for identical motors, it is considered as spare parts equal to 15 % of the total number,
sufficient to supply only one roller bearing of each subject to a minimum of 6 is recommended.
type for three.

For d.c. motors, one set of brushes of each size

is in addition.

57
13.3. Miscellaneous 13.3.3. Electronic material

Where electronic material is used for the

13.3.1. Navigation and signal lights operation of essential auxiliaries, a sufficient
number of spare parts or components is
For electrical navigation lights and signal lights, recommended. It is generally recommended to
and for their indicating devices one complete spare provide 5 % with at least 1 piece of each set or
set of lamps is recommended. sub-set.

13.3.2. Emergency lighting 13.3.4. Tools

Where the supply voltage of emergency circuit For plants rated above 10 kW, it is
differs from that of the main circuit, one complete recommended to provide an insulation level
spare set of lamps is recommended. measuring instrument powered with 500 V d.c.

58
SECTION 14.  TESTS
14.1. General
Before a new installation or a new part of it is put
into service, the tests specified in the
present Section 14. are to be carried out. The
present requirement is applicable also in case of
significant modification or addition.
These tests do not substitute for the tests
carried out at Manufacturer's works on the various
items of the system for the purpose of the
application of the present Rule Note.
Note: refer for these tests to 5.2.5. for switchboards, 6.8.
for rotating machines, 7.5. for transformers, 8.4.2. for control
gears and starters and 10.5. for static converters; refer in
case of high voltage systems to 11.3.3. for rotating
machines, 11.4.4. for transformers, 11.5.4. for switchboards
and 11.6.4. for cables.
The test voltages and insulation levels indicated
in the present Section 14. are applicable to low
voltage installations. Where the voltage is
comprised between 1 kV and 11 kV, suitable
values are mentioned in Section 11.
14.2. Insulation level
measurement
14.2.1. Switchboards
Insulation level is to be measured between each
insulated busbar. The test is to be made with all
switches and circuit-breakers open, bar switches
may remain closed; fuses for pilot lamps, earth
indicator, voltmeters, etc., are to be removed and
voltage coils disconnected.
Recorded level values are to be at least 1 MΩ.
14.2.2. Lighting and power circuits
Measurement is to be made on each fixed
cabling, between each conductor and earth and
between conductors; values are to be at least
1 MΩ.
59
The installation may be subdivided to any
desired extent starting from the distribution boards,
and appliances may be disconnected if initial tests
have given results lower than the requirement. In
the latter case, appliances such as radiators,
electric cookers, etc. are to be separately
subjected to an insulation measurement between
live parts and earth and the values of the
measurement are not to be less than 500 kΩ/kW
for each.
14.2.3. Internal communication
network
Insulation level of any circuit operating at 55 V or
more is to be at least 1 MΩ between conductor and
earth and between conductors. Where circuits
operate at less than 55 V; level is to be at least
0,33 MΩ.
Connected apparatuses may be disconnected
from the tested circuit, as necessary.
14.2.4. Generators, motors
Insulation resistance is to be measured if
possible when hot; the value obtained when hot is
U
not to be less than MΩ (refer to 6.8.4.).
1000
When testing, all appliances and circuits
normally connected between the generator and the
first switch are to remain connected.
14.3. Particular checkings
14.3.1. Generators
Generators are to be tested at full rated load for
a time sufficient to check the commutation,
governing, lubrication and absence of vibrations or
abnormal noises.
Generators intended to operate in parallel are to
be tested over a range of loads sufficient to check
load sharing and parallel operation.
Voltage and speed automatic control when the
load is suddenly thrown on and off are to be
checked.
14.3.2. Motors
Motors driving essential services,, together
with their control gear, are to be tested under
service conditions.
14.3.3. Protection gear
Switch gears are to be tested at a load as near
as possible to the working load to check the
absence of overheating due to faulty connection or
incorrect rating. Circuit-breakers are to be tested,
as far as practicable at the rated load of the circuit
they control; checking is made on the working
condition of both the switch gears and their control
devices. Working condition of the other protection
devices (overcurrent, low voltage, back power,
reverse current, load shedding relays) is also
checked.
14.3.4. Earthing
The following earthing elements are to be
inspected:
• distribution neutral (if provided);
• metallic structures (on random basis);
• cable shields and cable conduits (on random
basis).
60
In case of doubt, insulation level check may be
required.
14.3.5. Lighting, heating and various
appliances (galley, pantry,
etc.)
Fixed appliances and corresponding electrical
circuits are to be tested under normal working
conditions as far as practicable.
14.3.6. Internal communication
systems
The alarm transmission system and the order
transmitters to the engines, steering gears and
windlasses are to be checked in order.
14.3.7. Emergency source,
transitional source
The good working condition of the emergency
sources, including the transitional source where
required by the Rules is to be checked. If automatic
starting and connecting is required, a so-called
black-out test is to be carried out.
61