Test 3 READING AND USE OF ENGLISH (1 hour 30 minutes) Part 1 For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A,B, C or D) best fits each gap. ‘There is an example at the beginning (0) ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Example: O Aspect B pat C element factor The Japanese Bobt Cats have been (0) of the lives of human beings for thousands of years. One interesting breed which fascinates scientists is the Japanese Bobtall - a domestic cat with an unusual ‘bobbed’ tail more (1)... resembling the tail of a rabbit than that of ‘other cats. The breed has been known in Japan for centuries, and it features (2) in folklore. In many traditions, cats are frequently (@) ..... of fear and mistrust but in Japanese stories the Bobtail tends to be (4) ...... a8 a force for (6)... . The image of ‘Bobtail seated with one paw raised is considered a lucky charm. But how did the Bobtail (8... its short tail? One legend tels of a sleeping cat whose long tall (7)... fie. In a panic, it tore through the town, spreading flames everywhere. ‘As a result, the then emperor declared that all cats should have their tails cut short as a (@)....... measure, Sclence, however, has aless romantic’ explanation based on genetics. 32 rear prominently products assumed right come by took defensive similarly obviously aticles podrayed vite getat ‘caught restrictive accurately appreciably objects exposed hiton eet Preventative Reading and Use of English > closely significantly laments disclosed truth go for seized coneetive 3Test 3 Part 2 For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word wiich best fits each gap, Use only ‘one word in each gap. There isan example atthe beginning (0), \wite your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. example: [0](0]7] | CL Reading and Use of English Part 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some ofthe lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line, There isan example at the beginning (0) ‘white your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. example: [0][A]o [A Work experience abroad Every year thousands (0)... Young people In various countries do short periods of work in ‘other countries (8)... the time they leave schocl and start university. Typically these involve helping in schools or hospitals, or on conservation projects. The experience the young people gain, will be of great benefit in ther fives. (10)... a personal point of view, it gives them a sense of Independence and confidence. t may also help them with ther long-term career. “There are many organisations that run work experience programmes. (11)... such company is Global Voluntoers, (12)... spokesperson Mary Cooper comments: (13)... {an extended holiday, our placements involve learning to (14)... responsibilty for themselves. than being ‘Young people should push themselves out of their comfort zones and do (18)... Productive, Doing a placement wil add value to a Cv, helping young people to (1)... out from the crowd in the job market. Some employers look favourably on students wi have the intative and drive to.compete one. 54 The significance of hairstyles Hair isthe most easily (0)... art of the human body and also one of ADAPT the most (17)... The fist barbers appeared in ancient Greece, when DISTINCT short hair became a sign of social status. Simiary, South American inca chiefs had their hair shorn contrast the har of thr citizens got (18)... PROGRESS longer the further down the socal chain they were. Barbers prospered in the ays ofthe Roman Empire, unt they were expelled from Rome, when was \What does ‘spoils’ refer to inline 16? ‘equipment , samples quests results voa> What is the write’ purpose in the fourth paragraph? to make a counter-argument tointroduce anew concept to summarise an idea to expand on a point com> \What does the weiter say about Zak's Trust Game experiments? ‘They demonstrate the importance of money in human relations ‘Their artificiality means that what they tel us is of limited value. ‘The resuts challenge conventional notions of human behaviour ‘They were constructed ina way that was clever and innovative. goa What does the writer suggest inthe sixth paragraph? ‘The potential exploitation of oxytocin should be given serious consideration Zak's experimental methods are the object of some mistrust Further work is needed to define exactly what oxytocin I. ‘Science cannot be free of ethical considerations. com> How does Zak regard the idea of deliberately manipulating oxytocin? ‘A He doubts whether its ever going to be feasible. He worries about possible commercial misuse, © He advocates wider use of readily available means, D_ He feats i's outside his area of expertise 9Test 3 Part 6 ‘You are going to rea four extracts from online artcles about chidhood. For questions 37-40, eee een extracts A-D. The extracts may be chosen more than once. Mack your answers on the separate answer sheet, The Changing Face of Childhood in the USA A Mary Granger A_Mary Grange’ tnt chidhood today seems fret to what it was when they were young ~ when a ars Sra ryan carro out te doo et breakast and payed ut wight. But hey are some toa rea co many of fed’ betoro chien seem o have as ie fo such unstructured play bree portale mass of parenitoranised ings to-keep-is-busy thet might nce Karate a they toe an fate ares afencreasrgy unig tlt tek offspring pay outside A a resut ren re mor han ever before. A generation ago chilren went eyeing on their own, went on chan ar moe, ook reaponsbly for henselver Some experts suggest hat the whol nature of ub anspor pen at as much fess hands-on and more sing ofthe chi 1B Max Poenbaum B Max Penton the cid and the natural envicament provides an authentic learing experience The teraction beeen and investigation, butt sapere wih the pasing of cio. Then adult Based on Sno) un ts ver ce to wo x van a mom oycton or sient way Atte cognitive reason Srahood and adulthood, young people can feelin danger of having nothing sable to ‘rantion beta? petwoen the apeze of cichood tha: has been let goof andthe trapeze of owing UP dono aa nar ara. Now parents must becone a sft nt at atime when the youn parson nat yo wn i in and eaecie. But these days, parents ae strugging agaist the slow creep of an feo nay ere and sxuaied clr and beheviout. That vor cure, whch sory blamed a eonge Cdn fom beng chlcren also wnéemines te parenting of eenanes, © John P, Ondorenko C. don F Ongorniden have 2 special ait fr th grt outoors that is connected to tel 1 it ror ways of owing and faring, Tiss a nique and unrepestabl abity that starts ever ine wong yas. Even S, today’s teenagers re under pressure fo gow Up before they re {eet ead sive es and sic vdeo areal gut of encouraging thm tact oie {SAD Ca ect hey a afta sea of dsalecton in parker they cress abut schoo! tha they sol bean han ever etre On he fps, thay are much mere oan and aware Berormance ane so more caring regarding the future ofthe planet. A common adolescent complaint Of atical issues 2% poredom, and yet ren today have no reason tobe Bored, party asthe ruber of To ere pe curio actives avalabe to them fs unprecedented, D_ Steven Zafaria Steven at rr ar gone pets have amor bt adsesent whois mae ean be touched, nce te ee Joan une wth en, who fel to cto play wth pens, who is embarassod by the vin woud ae ere pv dies orhcoing, an ho ees o cot er sspproval rough public coma yar oppostion. Te pater ise stardard one and avays hasbeen as ary psychologist eng ges ke ae ty ndopentet, eet 0 a, Duk paerts mus be tere fo ite eu Tera et rrvering los thn before, bt ready f tn and guide when cated upon. But them ig ing ncreaangy complex. Te ness commerce’ and sexalsed wor! wo ven Par ge missing out on 8 POPE cichood. Te soko is cea otto keep chien wholy eas tha yess, bk werave su reached he pon where sore regulatory protection required «0 Reading and Use of English ‘Which expert as sna vew to Poantau on how ng peopl nt ton with nature lasts? ° ‘nerwatonshie ts ‘xrestesa snl opinion te Zfaiaen via here otapuentstoud 1 Bereyarcing teenage cron? = ‘has a different view from the others on whether children are growing up too fast? “39 croreases, a.terent ‘pinion from Ondorenko on the value of planned activities “40 6Test 3 Part? You are going to read an extract from a newspaper article about traveling in Poland. Six paragraphs have been removed from the extract. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (41-46). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. ‘Mark: your answers on the separate answer sheet. Before Google ... the alternative travel guide to Poland Vicky Baker takes social networking back torts roots by resurrecting a travel project in Poland from the early 1990. 1am ging to take you to my fren sui, Tes quite unusual’ says Jarek, my unolicial guide 10 Krakins in one of the biggest understatements of the trp. He leads me to an old cottage I looks Abandoned, but then we ate greeted by a man ‘who, with his grey beard snd sheepekin waistcoat, Took like an ageing popstar, Outside there's a two retre-high carved totem pole and the remains of a bonfire ae ail burning a As a couch surfer 1am used to finding goklen ‘opportunities through strangers but the unas thing about this connection i that it eatne about aller I tried to reconstruct a tour project that was, in many ways, che precursor to-modern tock networking, Back in’ the. 1980s, US-bora Jim Haynes, a renowned supporter of alternative ts had a ea, Convinced dat the bet travel "speriences come fiom the people you meet, eset hmsel «goal: he would match inquisitive travelers with gracious hows by creating an_alteratve tuidebook, in a country he loved. Pad: Pepe ‘openly tthe bookstevesn 1991 2 ennually enough people came forward with their ‘contac details and ¢wlingness to parcpate inthe Scheme Jim asembled all the nares in what read Tea peronal adres book, The cover price of £6 bought on the contact details of 1,000 strangers. « Intrigued bythe idea of aking modern networking buck to its roos, I wandered whether, may years a Incr, Jim's hosts would sill be wing o greet an ‘unknown vitor from overseas But first would ave to track them dovn “4 At first T planned t communicate only by post tnd sent several leters belore realising T lacked the patience. Feeling Ke guy, [opted for the HIstcentry solution: searching forthe name on the Internet, Many were dead ends others simpy Sever responded Bor gradally people did rnc rad and T received various slighty stanned replies. Before long I had meetings arranged in Krakow and Gdansk, 45 [skip the organised tours, though, and head ff to meet Wade, 4 50-year-old academic, We meetin 1 19th-century ale; where an ula-poite waitress ‘ets down a tasive plate of Pal dumplings Before Tes oo much for any tourist oat [s Tr charmed by Krakiw and reluctant to leave WWladek, ‘who. proves to. be excellent company and the cafe, but Taleady have my next meeting arranged # lchour train ride aay. Gans, wih i immaculately renovated. buildings and” lite Boutiques, is clearly worl away fom the city it was inthe 1900 Ihave arranged to meet kite ‘using endhusiast Marius at a restaurant there Foland Ppl to Ppl ves on sce ow im wil be delighted eer to peer websites are common nov, bat fuming the ea iawo a book back then was i hallenge. Jim sent oot hundreds of eters through his already extensive neorork of frends and placed small ade in various Polish pubis. My new acquaintance has hazy memories of the people he met through the book, but saye he enjoys the company of vistors, ab dey are vious and interested in others. He shows me {ll photos and speaks of how le has change What flows i one of howe sureal travel experiences, where one new frend incoduces re long we st on a tour of Krakdw’s artistic community yout another and another Be That was easier said than done, Details were sparse; jst contact details anda very shor profile,‘ ive in Krakow and I am a man of Kak read one rather unipfl enty Reading and Use of English Jim gave me an outotprine ‘he operrhouse dinners he uns every Sunday at his Pais home, It was ike opening a lite ime apne and from that moment Une what I had fom at one of The next _morning is the occasion of my inmprompes adventure with Jarc, an ari T found after contacting varius local galleries. He invites me for drmer and even find the orignal ‘ypenniten leer Jim sent in 1969 co i the projet. 1 is my int time in Poland, and the former is undeniably impresive. The pictre-pefect main square i lined with Renaissance buldigs, lively street cals and golf carts wating to take tourists sound tw ryTest 3 Parts You are going to read four book reviews. For questions 47-56, choose from the sections (A-D), The sections may be chosen more than once. ‘Mack your answers on the separate answer sheot Of which book are the following stated? It presents complicated material in manageable chunks of data, The book fled to sustain the reviewer's interest throughout Readers are lef to draw their own conclusions about some of the book's materia. Its author sought expert advice on certain aspects ofthe book. ‘The book is both instructive and visually appealing. Itlooks both backward and forwards in time Its author effectively brings together diferent fields of study. Itoffers a selective, rather than comprehensive, coverage o its topic. Itis possible to feet a sense of involvement withthe subject matter. ‘The text is skilful mixture of data and personal comment 64 A WHY ELEPHANTS HAVE BIG EARS by Chris Lavers hs tnversas et Oo prodoe a book tha ts Si between serous scholarship (8 a senior ween ner eco0g) and he need Yo say Pertautve pestangs of crn. Why ae arts sre Why can abet ty anda sew no? Ane 3 curse, why do elephants have big ears? Tho dhoner so thocker = ceaires have Wlracted Min or nab to evolve Ito te exaordnary foes toy possess today. But once this pena Saabtced, tbe Book loses some oF cham. Tre books most suconst sections ae hare qe we trough te dures and Cretaceous SSieu of pronstry to ook at hom nets mace ts primal decor: wien specie woul fy and veh woud sim, eich creatures woul be wae Sad ecceaT avers apuce hath hee we ihe tv answers to our questions toy and ho arco sally pred ou fate B ORIGINS: The Evolution of Continents, ‘Oceans and Life by Ron Redfern Shoristed forthe OP Natural World Book Przo, Drgine comprises panoramas and a wide-ranging ccessble scientiie insight to make this work 2 fesh inerpretaton of the Earths fascinating Scluton. Tho landscape photographs were shat Speci forthe book, abet bythe author mee, afer consutaton wt leading sient 0 fina he ‘cation of the best known examples of various lonms.and processes. The wrter manages toreduce the most complex thoores to digestible nuggets of ‘formation. The text an enertaning narrative that suecestuly weaves recent and ancient History with science, Origins fs a heavyweight work in tor ways than one: as a test forthe legs of any aff table and asa define gue to our planet's Soltion. iis deal for regula dipping ito as much 5 for in-epthreterence. Reading and Use of English NATURE BOOKS (© _EARTH ODYSSEY by Mark Hertogaard Wioried about the effects of our expanding popuiation on the worlds resources, Mark Herisgaard took a world tour to see for himsett ho bad things realy were. Earth Odyssey is the Culmination: of saver years’ work, during which timehe vited 19 countries. To read itis t shadow him on his tour and to observe the contin fof the planet thvough the eyes of the people he met along the way? ther ining conditions, her bersonal sugles and triumphs. He does not ty 1 ‘fer his own opisons rather he los us make our ‘own minds Up. Hertsgaard covery interweaves Ne ‘observations th eartuly gathered evidence as he ‘seeks fo answer questions about eur environment He takes us through the ndustial and agiultiral revolutions, than Back tothe orgie ofthe human Species, to se the past can prove any answers ‘Although the anawers we want to hear st uneasy with the facts, Hersgaad presents an elegant portrait of the human species, full of character, ‘Sony, perseverance and strength. He leaves you with a'strong convition that ie ulimatety a ace THE VIKING ATLAS OF EVOLUTION by Roger Osbourne \wmy are there no penguins in the Arctic, or polar bears in Antarctica? "How lf that camele and llamas are 80 closely relates, yet they Ineo fae spat? ‘The anawere come down tothe fact that froltion takes place according to geographical Tocaton as wal astm. Using photographs, super iMstraions and more than 100 maps. showing Geinoutions of organsms, mgrations, tertorioe land biogeographic regions, the alas graphically highlights the imact geography has had on the evelopment offs on Earth. charts the orgie, fvoluion and spread of plans, reps, ids fan mammals worldwide, It also investigates the way people have altered the word they Ivo in from the introduction of exotic species into fragile tooaysteme tothe destruction of habitats and the Somestication of wild spaces. The accompanying texts highy informative. The atas doesnot reviow the evolution of every “importante form on the planet. Rather, 't chooses several case stucios fo highlight the evolutonary process in cfenng ‘eographca! settingsTest 3 WRITING (1 hour 30 minutes) ‘You must answer this question. Wrte your answer h 220-260 words in an appropriate style, 1. You have istened toa radio discussion prograrmme about how to motivate cl lar exercise. You have made the notes below. Part Ways of motivating children to do regular exercise: + parental example * government funding + school \rite an essay for your tutor discussing two of the ways in your notes. You should explain which way is more effective in motivating children to do regular exercise and provide reasons to support your opinion You may, if you wish, make use ofthe opinions expressed in the discussion, but you should use your own words as fr as possible, ‘Some opinions expressed in the discussion: i chidren don’t s2e thee parents {do exercise, they don't think is imponant IY sports facilis were cheaper, more people would use them, “Spot in schools is too competitive. should be fun for everyone, idren to-do Writing Part 2 Write an answer to one ofthe questions 2-4 n this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 2 _Youare studying at an international collage and you recently attended a careers day organised by the college to help students prepare for work. The event included information about how to identity suitable jobs, workshops on writing eectve job applications, and advice on how to do wal ininterviews, ‘The College Principal has asked you to write a report evaluating to what extent the event was svocessful and making recommendations for next year's event Winte your report. 3. Yourreceive this etter from a friend who is planning to study abroad: [fn sre bout ong to sey abroad anymore How wil mes people nd fd somewhere ove? And Fn warred I won understand my lessons Maybe eno he right hg for me ar a! ‘You decide to write to your friend giving your opinion and offering advice, Write yourtettr. 4 Yousee the talowing announcement on a travel website: Outdoor Activity Holidays rocklibing or wndsrng for example. Wee x revo for our webs erating te lotion flies {hd setice and expaing why you woul, or would, recommend ito ether hobdaymakers wi your review.LISTENING (approximately 40 minutes) Part ‘You will hear tree diferent extracts. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B or ©) which fis 5 best according to What you hear, There are two questions for each extract A 8 Extract One c You hear two people discussing climate change. . A 11 How aid the man fee after watching a TV debate on the subject? 8 {Alarmed by the strength of feling among the speakers e BB ismayed by some of the speakers’ level ofknowledge © surprised by the numberof speakers taking part 2 Thewoman thinks that articles about climate change should Abo writen by scientists. B include some humour. © be authenticated by specialists Extract Two You hear two pilots taking part in a discussion proc which thay 4 imme about an aerobatics team in 3. How does the man feel about the new training season? ‘A. concerned about his ability to learn new sls. B satisfod that his efforts have been worthutile © worried about the number of hours he has to putin 4 What does the woman think about the forthcoming world championships? A. She has confidence in the abilty of certain team members BB She's convinced thatthe team will do better than last year She suspects that pilots have been given unrealistic targets. 68 Listening Extract Three you hear tw friends talking about online book reviews. The woman reveals her belie that websites should monitor contributions. reading such revidwsis a waste of time. those who write reviews are unscrupulous. How does the man think he benefits from writing online reviews? Itallows him to share is opinions, It gives him practice in wring skis, makes him read the books more closelyTest 3 Part 2 ‘You will hea a student, called Greg Pritchard, talking about his gap year trp to Africa For questions 7-14, complete the sentences with « word or short phrase. GAP YEAR TRIP Greg says thatthe Kruger National Park is home tc the largest population of i 7 | in South Ata, Grog was surprised that so many people chose to study 8 | during the fst week of the tris, (On Greg's research project, he was responsible for recording the 9 ote crocodtes sighted Greg learned that | 10. | will be fitted to some large crocodiles when he went on a wilderness trail Greg describes himself as becoming more| 12 | during the third eek of hist, - During the fourth week of his trip, Greg taught 13 lina f] a taught vilage school Greg thinks that sharing +4 | with ocalvilagers taught him ‘most about ther culture Listening Part 3 ‘ou will hear part of an interview with two board game enthusiasts called Sarah Watters and Ed Zander about the renewed popularity of traditional board games, For questions 15-20, choose the grswer (A. B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear 46 Sarah thinks board games are becoming more popular partly ‘A asaconsequence oftheir basic simplicity. 8 —_asareactionto the dominance of technology. © because they mircor already popular gaming activities. because people are constantly searching fr new hobbies. 18 _Edthinks game playing will row inthis century ‘A asaresult of people having more leisuretime, Basa way of enhancing personal relationships, & —_as.ameans of coping with increasingly stressful lives D__asareflction of fundamental changes taking place in society 47 In Sarah's opinion, what is the main attraction of board games? A tocnatlenges they pose to players B the memories they evoke ofthe past © —_theenvironmentin which they take place D the competitive lementin the way they are played 48 When asked if board-gaming isa world-wide phenomenon, Ed ‘A explains a trend whichis ikely to change. B__highiights the importance of advertising ane marketing © mentions the huge variety of games availabe globally 1D emphasises the aifferences that exist between parts of the word 48 Sarah sees the Game of the Year award as A auseful marketing tol B crucial as a way of promoting vavity © important in keeping consumers informed, 1D apostive development for younger players 22 When talking about their own collections of boars games, Ed and Sarah agree that ‘A some ar likely to prove an investment. B many are beautifully manufactured © collectors sometimes regret their purchases, > throwing games away isn't advisable,Part an one job ata time. 1rt extracts in which people ae talking about having more Task TWO, unexpected For questions 26-0, choose from the lst (AH) (AH) why ins 21-25, choose from the i ‘each speaker took on more than one job result of having more than one job that each speaker refers to. While you listen you must complete both tasks. A. to avoid potential monotony ‘Speaker 1 a famous name B working wit ‘Speaker 1 B to widen useful contacts : 3 ‘Speaker 2 2 ‘specker 2 ship D staring a personal re to enhance promation prospects Speaker 3 pecker 3 E toleave a dul workplace Speaker 4 8 a Speaker 4 F tofind a sense of satisfaction 8 SPEAKING (15 minutes) Gereare wo exanines. One the interocutoy) conduits the test, providing you withthe Tre ary materials and explaining what you have todo. The other exainer te esse8s0 ¢ pecs ou bt ten aes ho fart pain he nteacon é art 1 2 minutes) seinterocutor fst asks you and your partner afew question. Theinteriocutor ask candkates rerio information about themsolves, then widens the scope ofthe questions by asking vert eg. candidates’ leisure activites, studies, travel and day ife. Candidates are expected 10 send tothe interlocutors questions and listen to what thelr parner has to say ;Part2(a one-minute ‘long turn’ for each candidate, plus a 30-second response from the second candidate) sou are each given the opportunity to talk for about a minute, and to comment briefy after your partner has spoken. “Trainterlocutor gives you a set of pictures and asks you to talk about them for about one mite itis important to listen careful tothe interlocutors instructions. The interlocutor then Gets your partner a question about your pictures and your partner responds bre. ‘ow are then given another set of pictures to look at. Your partner talks about these pictures for anout one minute. Tis time the interlocutor asks you a question about your partner's pictures and you respond briefly. ing a successful business. G achieving true colebity status Part3 (4 minutes) Inthis part ofthe test, you and your partner are asked to talk together The interlocutor places some text prompts on the table between you. Tis stimulus provides the basis for a Eiscussion. The interlocutor explains what you have to do, 2 Part 4 (5 minutes) ‘he inteocutor asks some futher questions, which leads to a more general discussion of what youhave talked about in Part 3. You may comment on your partners answers if you wish. Speaker 5 Hi to achieve a long-held ambition G to seek a diferent direction