Running Head: COLONOSCOPY 1

COLONOSCOPY

Student’s name

Instructional affiliation
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Introduction

There is a considerable number of patients diagnosed with cancer across the globe.

Colorectal cancer is the third cause of death among all other cancers. Approximately one

hundred and fifty thousand are diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Based on various researches is

that men are mostly affected by cancer. Additionally, colorectal cancer is the third most

diagnosed type of cancer globally. Approximately 1.8 million people are diagnosed with

colorectal cancer globally (Dains, Baumann & Scheibel, 2019). Due to the advancement of

technology, particularly in emergency colonoscopy testing, healthcare workers have reduced

mortality and complicated illnesses since the 1990s. Colorectal cancer is more common among

women and men above the age of thirty and below forty. The main advantage of the colonoscopy

assessment tool is that it can detect the presence of colorectal cancer at a very early stage.

Colorectal cancer is curable if detected early on in the first and the second stage.

Description of colonoscopy

The assessment tool is an outpatient procedure mainly used to determine the main cause

of chronic constipation and adnominal pain, particularly when other assessment tools are

insufficient to provide the cause. The colonoscopy tool utilizes a scope or a colonoscopy tool to

examine the large intestine. A colonoscope is long enough to move from the anus to every part of

the colon. A camera is attached to the tool and has other gadgets that can remove tools from any

part of the large intestine for further examination. Patients cannot note when tissue is removed

from the large intestines. The conoloscope testing tool can evaluate and assess the drastic change

in bowel habits, abdominal pain and bleeding.

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The colonoscopy intervention is recommended for individuals above the age of forty-

five. However, younger people can be exposed to the test if they are vulnerable to CRC

depending on various risk factors, such as if a child is coming from a family with various cases

of CRC, such as the mother or the father. Some children may also present inflammatory bowel

diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. A doctor could also consider the test if the

child comes from a family with multiple relatives suffering colon cancer.

What is the purpose of colonoscopy?

There are various colorectal cancer (CRC) assessment tools that may include flexible

sigmoidoscopy, Fecal Occult blood testing (FOBT) and colonoscopy. The three assessment tools

have been recommended for colorectal screening. Unlike flexible sigmoidoscopy and FOBT,

colonoscopy is the most used and effective when assessing where a person is suffering from

CRC. The main advantage of assessing colorectal over the other assessment tool is monitoring

the right colon from cecum to splenic through visualization. More than forty percent of CRC

occurs in right cancer. The colonoscopy assessment tool is also known as (Koe-lun-OS-Kuh-

pee), and its main purpose is to detect abnormalities in the rectum and the large intestine (colon).

The colonoscopy test is mainly applied when a patient expresses a consistent feeling of

pain in the abdomen, but other assessment tools show negative diseases and disorders. Therefore

the colonoscopy test enables the doctor to determine the specific pain of chronic diarrhoea,

chronic constipation, rectal bleeding, abdominal and other intestinal problems. The main purpose

is to determine whether a person is suffering from CRC or not. Early medical intervention is

paramount when determining the presence of CRC preventing complications and death if the test

becomes positive. The doctors’ purpose is to access the level of the CRC to determine the best
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medications and effective therapy to eliminate the disease. The assessment tool is more specific

than many other tools that access colon cancer.

How is colonoscopy conducted?

The colonoscopy process was mainly conducted to people across the globe during Covid-

19 than before the emergency of the pandemic. People with chronic illnesses such as cancer,

diabetes and obesity were more likely to have severe complications after contracting the virus.

Therefore, colonoscopy was necessary to manage CRC and ensure CRC patients had some

immunity if they contracted the virus. Before the actual process is conducted, the patient is

prepared in advance for the process.

The doctor ensures the patient can empty their colon before the test. One day before the

test, the patient is not allowed to take solid products since many waste products in the colon will

interfere with the process. Other tests are incorporated before the colonoscopy to determine

whether the patient has any other chronic illnesses such as high blood pressure and diabetes. The

scope is inserted through the anus into the rectums during the procedure. The scope has an

attached camera that moves throughout the rectum and does a comprehensive survey. The

camera can send images to the external monitor since the doctor will be able to study the colon

through the external monitor. The scope can also contain instruments that can remove polyps or

take biopsies.

What information does colonoscopy gather?

A colonoscopy assessment tools gather information on the cause of abdominal pain,

diarrhoea and bleeding (Chapman & Marshall, 2020). The healthcare professional can determine
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whether a person is suffering from CRC or not through the digital camera. The technology

enables a doctor to determine the stage of CRC.

Tool’s validity and reliability

Sensitivity and specificity are the two main measures for validity. Colonoscopy is valid

since it can differentiate people suffering from CRC from those who have cancer. Although a

person may not be suffering from CRC, the test is perfect in determining the cause of bleeding

and abdominal pain. The other causes of adnominal pain and bleeding could be ulcers,

haemorrhoids or benign cancers (Noble & Smith, 2015). The other critical principle to determine

validity is predictive, where a doctor can determine where a patient is at risk of contracting CRC

based on the test. Colonoscopy is reliable since it can provide consistent results even if someone

is exposed to the same testing severally.

Conclusion

The research shows that any cancer is life-threatening, particularly when it is detected at

a late stage. It is critical for people between the age of thirty-forty to take colonoscopy tests and

monitor their colon health. When CRC is detected at an early stage, it is curable. Due to

colonoscopy’s validity and reliability, people across the globe should take the test and minimize

or eradicate CRC.
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References

Dains, J. E., Baumann, L. C., & Scheibel, P. (2019). Advanced health assessment and clinical

diagnosis in primary care (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.

Chapman, W., & Marshall, S. (2020). Optimizing bowel preparation before colonoscopy. British

Journal of Nursing, 29(Sup13), S3–S12. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2020.29.Sup13.S3

Noble, H., & Smith, J. (2015) Issues of validity and reliability in qualitative research .Evidence

Based Nursing, 18(2), pp. 34–35.