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1.0 INTRODUCTION

In public administration, integrity has become a prominent concept and topic in

government research in matters of governance and policy making at all levels. Every

organization is always faced with various forms of threats that can threaten the

performance and quality of productivity of an organization. Threats to the

organization are caused by members within the organization itself and that scratch the

image of the government organization. Therefore, threats are related to ethical and

integrity issues. According to the Malaysian Public Service Department, neglecting

both principles will lead to problems such as misuse of power, corruption and

corruption in an organization. According to the Malaysian Administrative

Modernization and Management Planning Unit, integrity includes the entire behavior

of an individual or an organization based on moral values including accountability.

Strategic management is the process of setting goals, procedures and objectives to

make a company or organization more competitive. Typically, strategic management

looks at the effective use of staff and resources to achieve goals. In addition,

organizational staff need to have more firm, strong and trustworthy principles in

overcoming various weaknesses, lack of self and protecting the name of the

organization. procedures and objectives to make a company or organization more

competitive. Typically, strategic management looks at the effective use of staff and

resources to achieve goals. In addition, organizational staff need to have more firm,

strong and trustworthy principles in overcoming various weaknesses, lack of self and

protecting the name of the organization. procedures and objectives to make a

company or organization more competitive. Typically, strategic management looks at

the effective use of staff and resources to achieve goals. In addition, organizational
staff need to have more firm, strong and trustworthy principles in overcoming various

weaknesses, lack of self and protecting the name of the organization.

2.0 INTEGRITY

Currently, governance in public administration has become a global issue as a result

of a continuous trend of governance failures, fraud, inefficiency, corruption and poor

internal control and financial management. Therefore, the government has made

efforts in terms of programs and budgets to ensure that the people's money is

managed efficiently and with integrity. Integrity is an important element of the well-

being of civil servants and organizations. According to the bilingual dictionary Dewan

dan Pustaka, stating integrity refers to 'honesty and sincerity', perfection, 'wholeness'.

This means integrity includes sincerity, openness, transparency, trust, truth,

principled, not deceived, trustworthy, honest and others. Integrity is divided into two,

namely individual integrity and organizational integrity. Individual integrity refers to

the quality of an individual and this quality is based on the principle of sticking to

honesty and high personality. This means, integrity is uniformity between actions

with moral, ethical and legal principles and balance between individuals and

organizations. Organizational integrity means the overall and implementation of codes

of ethics, client charters or work systems and processes and adherence to best

practices. The code of ethics is affirmed, repeated and lived by the members of the

organization until it becomes a habit and eventually becomes the culture of the

organization. Integrity comes from the Latin word 'integer' which means complete,

perfect and solid unity. Integrity can be classified into four perspectives namely

consistency of personal values, commitment to personal values, commitment to

community values and commitment to moral values. While obeyingPellegrino

(1990)states that integrity as a level or state of balance between personal space,

autonomy and individual values. Public services are established with the main

function of meeting the needs of the people and the country. The effectiveness of

government policies can be implemented well when carried out with integrity by

public service officers. According toJamieh et al., (2004)stating the importance of

integrity to the public service is to create an efficient and disciplined administration

and public service through the application of noble values that can overcome

problems and weaknesses in various aspects of government such as financial

management, handling disciplinary cases, corruption, abuse of power and deviations

that are prevented by rules, laws and religion. Integrity can be defined as honesty and

overall noble personality which outlines four main characteristics in the concept of

integrity which are comprehensive, accurate, true and honest. The concept of integrity

has been defined more clearly in the National Integrity Plan 2006 which means

superior quality that exists among individuals and is based on the principle of honesty

and moral practice. Based on this simple definition, integrity can be understood as the

main pulse to the achievement of quality work that is accountable to an individual or

organization based on the characteristics of integrated and comprehensive work.

Integrity needs to be seen as the achievement of quality work that is accountable to an

individual or organization based on the characteristics of integrated and

comprehensive work. Integrity needs to be seen as a commitment to high moral

principles in carrying out and carrying out a task either at the individual or

organizational level. At the individual level, understanding the concept of integrity

means that a staff member needs to show consistency between what is said and what

is done, acting according to ethical and legal moral principles, prioritizing the public

interest above his own will and doing work with high quality and precision. While at
the organizational level, the appreciation of service integrity is embodied in the

formulation and implementation of ethical codes, customer charters, work processes

and compliance with best practices.

3.0 IMPORTANCE OF INTEGRITY PRACTICES IN THE ORGANIZATION

The Covid-19 disaster has tested and taught us a lot about the importance of the value

of integrity. When there is no honesty and transparency in individuals and society that

can ultimately affect the country. Individuals with integrity practice an honest attitude

as well as show continuous adherence without compromise to values and also moral

principles based on the ethics of a job or group. Leadership culture is a culture of

followership in followership in a group or organization. It is not at all possible that a

leader should be emulated or followed if they do not have the principles to uphold

what is said and there is a defect in what is promised. A culture of ethics and integrity

is to form a strong society and its moral and ethical characteristics with its citizens

having intact religious and spiritual values and supported by noble character. The

strength of an organization depends on the integrity and ethics of individuals in the

organization. Integrity is closely related to ethics. It is based on ethics in everyday

actions. A culture of ethics and integrity is very important because it ensures the

implementation of any program and goals are achieved well and ethically. It is to

integrate all the management of matters related to the integrity of a unit. Various

programs or programs are carried out in the organization to integrate all the

management of matters related to integrity under a unit that aims to be implemented

with more focus and planning so that the institutional elements of integrity,

prevention, compliance and detection are enforced efficiently and achieve optimal

results. The objectives of integrity are:

i. Provide direction and guidance to various sectors so that members of the

organization can work together in the great effort of building a united,

harmonious, integrity, moral and ethical society.

ii. Increase awareness, commitment and cooperation of various sectors in efforts to

improve integrity so that it becomes a community culture and practiced in all

fields.

iii. Encouraging the spirit of responsibility among community members as well as

encouraging the development of civil society that upholds the principle of

integrity and actively moves to uphold integrity.

iv. Contribute to efforts to strengthen the moral foundations of society and the

country and improve the well-being of community members and

v. Increase Malaysia's competitiveness and resilience in an effort to deal with the

challenges of this century, especially the challenges of globalization more

effectively. Integrity is also important because it can increase a person's

awareness so as not to do something wrong or do negative things.

Quality work culture in order to form a quality work culture in the organization, some

features should be paid attention to:

i. The orientation of employees must move on the right track as a prerequisite to

succeed in an excellent work culture, which means there must be commitment,

have quality awareness, be ready to accept change and there is no time limit to

excel.

ii. Commitment from all levels of employees to improve organizational excellence

is demanded.
iii. The work to be carried out must be done wholeheartedly according to the wishes

of the organization by setting aside all other interests, especially personal

interests.

iv. An organization creates a 'mind-set' that is oriented towards excellence so that

employees are more committed to the main goals of the department.

v. Always encourage employees to appreciate and practice management practices

that can improve organizational excellence.

4.0 DECISION-MAKING STRATEGIES IN ORGANIZATIONS

Decisions refer to choices made through various alternatives that are available. Choice

is a function of the objective of the decision maker, so in the evaluation of alternatives

to be chosen, the maker is also interested in knowing the consequences of the actions

following the choices he made. Choice also involves an element of

uncertainty.According to Herbert A. Simon,he considers the decision-making process

to be the same as the entire management process. His view 'Decision making

comprises three principal phases: finding occasions for making a decision, finding

possible courses of action; and choosing among courses of action'. In making

decisions in an organization is something very important in ensuring the survival of

the organization. All of us are directly or indirectly involved in this decision-making

process, especially in personal matters, family as well as in situations with colleagues.

When we are presented with several options to be taken specifically for certain issues,

our choice is what is said to be a decision. As long as it stops at the option level then

it has not been evaluated as a decision. Choice is a guide to the decision maker

according to the objective he wants to achieve. Decision making is the process of

solving problems by choosing one path or course of action among several alternatives.
This process is a basic process in management. Decision makers are usually those

who lead an organization, so indirectly, the character of a leader is important in

determining how the work will proceed as a result of the decisions made. The

definition of decision-making is divided into two, the first of which is expressed by:

This process is a basic process in management. Decision makers are usually those

who lead an organization, so indirectly, the character of a leader is important in

determining how the work will proceed as a result of the decisions made. The

definition of decision-making is divided into two, the first of which is expressed by:

This process is a basic process in management. Decision makers are usually those

who lead an organization, so indirectly, the character of a leader is important in

determining how the work will proceed as a result of the decisions made. The

definition of decision-making is divided into two, the first of which is expressed by:

a) where every action taken consciously from various alternatives with the aim of

achieving the expected results. What we can conclude is that we need to think

rationally and find information first before making a decision so that the decision we

hope to succeed and indeed the decision is the best.

b) The second definition is the selection activity from various alternatives and is the

heart of planning. We need to make a plan by providing various alternatives to choose

from before making a decision. There are some opinions that mention about making

rational decisions that always refer to the right arguments and facts. However, not

everyone who makes that decision is able to get accurate information, even the

possibility that the information they feel is accurate can sometimes be contradicted

because of the limitations that exist in humans themselves. There are six steps in

making a decision. The first step is to identify needs, conditions and problems. Many

leaders out there fail at the first step or they skip this step in solving the problem. In
the end, the problem was not solved but the expenses were removed. Usually it is seen

in the form of problems and opportunities. We can evaluate it from the point of view

of our control over the problem, the priority and difficulty as well as the time frame

that needs to be taken and not forgetting the resources needed for it. Identifying the

right problem is important because it will affect the decisions made. Second are tasks

to diagnose and analyze data. It is important for us to ensure that all the necessary

data is together so that it is easy to use as a reference and information in the decision

making process. The third step is the process of forming alternatives which can be

developed, put together alternatives or create new alternatives. It is highly

recommended that we be alert to the available alternatives so that the considerations

made refer to the limitations and opportunities in discussing each idea and not to

forget the consideration of old alternatives to problems that may have similarities. The

fourth step is to make an alternative selection. After all considerations are made,

choices are made, we reach the fifth step which is the implementation of alternatives.

At this level, it is important for a leader and an organization to be able to plan

strategically and effectively before entering the sixth step, which is evaluation and

feedback. The expression we often use is 'post mortem' which at this step, every

action taken on the chosen decision will be evaluated from the point of view of

effectiveness and acceptance. The process discussed is a normal process that we do

every day personally, but in the context of an organization this process should be

more systematic because it does not only involve individuals but several individuals

who work together.

5.0 CONCLUSION
Integrity needs to be seen and appreciated in a wider context. Integrity does not only

mean staying away from corrupt practices, embezzlement and abuse of power. The

concept of integrity means the values of trust, honesty, obedience, reliability and

having strong personality traits. In the management aspect of the organization's

administration, the collapse of integrity causes the occurrence of various defects such

as the increase in corrupt practices and breach of trust if it is not curbed. If a person

does not have the character of integrity, no matter what the rank, they will always

look for opportunities to do deviations for their own benefit without thinking about

the implications of their actions. In conclusion, to be an individual with integrity is

not easy because every individual who wants an excellent survival in the future needs

to make every effort to strengthen his own integrity. As we all know, acts of lack of

integrity leave short-term and long-term negative effects on society and the country,

which cover the economy, politics, social, security and national dignity. In relation to

that, the cultivation of integrity is very important to be implemented by every member

of the organization because it can preserve a person's dignity and self-esteem.

Exposure from the beginning with knowledge and understanding of religion so that a

person understands the value of integrity and practices it without any tolerance can

reduce the problems of behavior and life practices.