SVORAHODS. CONTEN Page Syllabus 4 Leger Lines ... 5 Accidentals.... 6 Scales. 10 Tonic Triads and Tonic Chords .. Dotted Notes and Tied Notes... Rhythm .. Rests: ... Terms and Abbreviations Specimen Paper A. .... Specimen Paper B .., & scanned with OKEN ScannerSyllabus N.B. Work covered for the Preliminary Theory Test will be needed for Grade 1 Please refer to the Preliminary Test Handbook. In addition, a knowledge of the following will be required for Grade 1 1 Major keys of C, G and F major. 2 Amelodic and harmonic minor. 3 Construction of tonic triads and chords. 4 Simple time signatures of. ‘| 2 4 and 2 2) S Dotted notes and tied notes. . 6 ~ Notated shythm including: o J J DD 7. The function of leger lines and accidentals. 8 — Questions on a short tune. & scanned with OKEN ScannerLeger Lines So far we have written notes on the stave in both Treble and Bass Clefs — like this: G to A We also know Middle C which has its own line below the Treble Stave and above the Bass Stave — like this: STO OUT ECT TO UO TOTO | : -Notes on leger lines are like Middle C. For example: | | 6 § These notes just rest above or below the existing lines ofthe stave a iin the 1 next ‘space’, < | & scanned with OKEN Scannerofp 4» Accidentals These are sharps and flats not needed iri a key signature but placed BEFORE notes that we need to make a semitone higher or lower. Remember: a sharp (P) raises a note a semitone. a flat (b) lowers a note a semitone. Look at the piano / keyboard: [Mc] of ef F - oe eee ee ow 00 99-0 0000-0 0:0-0-0:000000000 Gob .B ‘The’ remaining accidental is the ‘clever’ natural sign ° Itis easy to write a) write a figure seven: oo” oO” I i eeeesou by then adda figure seven upside down: So this is the natural: OGL VOGLBIDOIEGII00NVE & scanned with OKEN Scannerfo aw eee ° ° ° ° ° ° ° 6 é é S . > BB > . The natural is ‘clever’ because it can do two things — cancel a $ or cancel ab and thus Tetum anote to its original sound, Ne ~ Same sound Same sound F FI(sharp) F (natural) Above are given the correct names when F is altered by accidentals. * Note that this'is F - NOT F natural, which occurs at * * & scanned with OKEN ScannerExercises ie the named notes as minims (ake ere over the stem directions) bp = 0? = | A Se alincs | bel, 5s Meh 90 | 7 FL A middle C D ro | ‘By a middle igh H high F natural 00 | 5 GAG lgrGumal Age. | °. oO middle C Db high DP 5 Al 09: Under ich of he flonng tes wee inane. og 2. cae a abt FG + cb D Eb Gb £ ‘ER > co cobibek fF & Ay eS oe Guek Saree p E A — QU0600 8 = 8 | Gu a? & scanned with OKEN Scanneri : Fe - a ,o - Oo 7 - ° —] 4 6 | ° ° oe oe o So o ° i © | °o ee so o D a o a AH @ Bs eS ° Ss S . es 5 o > > > > > > Noe , 5‘ ‘Under each of the following notes write its letter name. , \ ) fe D a@en GEmE Henad EfbE Eb G A co fH & scanned with OKEN ScannerScales ‘Major scales of C, G and F ~ refer to Preliminary Handbook. ‘The new scales for Grade 1 are A harmonic and melodic minors. ‘Major and minor scales are 'related' that is a major seale has @ "prother’ or ‘sister’: “The related minor scale can be found by counting down 3 semitones from the major, Look at the piano keyboard: To find the relative minor of C major we count down 3 semitones: B-Bb— A. and we find that A minor is the relative minor of C major. Arminor « (valiret) Porn + If you play this on the piano you will find it does not seem to end correctly, Le. it sounds ‘unfinished’ oO Co 9 —— ’ aco In order to get a finished effect we must raise the 7th note a semitone — like this: 3 5 6 7 8 ‘This is known as the(harmonic’ minor and is the same ascendi is astheCharmonic’ ing and Note the key signature is the same as its related major ~ C major — Notice the slurs (\__7), which sh i ones f Notice ¢ ), which show the positions of the semitones in the harmonic Play this on the piano, 5009900000090 i ooo & scanned with OKEN ScannerThe other form of the minor is a little more difficult as the 6th AND 7th notes are raised a semitone ascending and then when descending are not raised a semitone, like this ~ using’a natural sign: this is A melodie minor Of course, all these scales can be written in either the Treble or Bass Clefs, In the melodic minor you will notice that: . ascending the semitones occur between notes 2-3 and 7-8; descending the semitones occur between notes 6-5 and 3-2. This is shown by the curved lines (slurs). ‘We often refer to the riotes of a scale as the degrees of the scale. This is easy to remember as they follow the numbers 1 to 8. Here is the scale of C major with the degrees numbered: MC is the Ist degree D__ isthe 2nd degree E isthe 3rd degree F isthe 4th degree G isthe Sth degree A isthe 6th degree Bis the 7th degree C isthe 8th (1 octave or 8th note above MC, the Ist degree) & scanned with OKEN Scanner° saan Sf Sse nis eesti mes amie pepper cena eN 20 85 89 Exercises 90 © Wite one octave ofthe following sales (ascending or descending as indicated). AGB the (ole) Correct key signature and use the given rhythm. The upper or lower tonic may be required twice. 149 | Cohivewetee AL Ld deg q los Joo i seni) OV) ys aid) bd 708 05° bes ty 00 jot ase | J ] 6° 0° Camo desceaing |) J Wye dd ed Noe | 0° Frajoraceming |S J IS) j i} 702 | = — Gwinjocdecetingl Jy J | Pots besa O° | Tele? 5 a= < sewage" 1 dd dG ud Le I 8: = : = ° Fuplocascenine| J tb Vg I ° SS G major ceceningl J J is ays | 4 melodic mine, ascending seaming TL >) 01) Fd MMII ni. Ml [Tay eee) Ik oT 1d Di) OCO00G00R09 ac 2 © Coe eo oot So Q 8 & scanned with OKEN ScannerExercises 1. Write one octave of the following scales (ascending or descending as Use the correct key signature and the given rhythm, Gmajor, Ascending J Pid d dad dda, ii 7 \ G major, Ascending. ) m7 1) 2 pled) I Fajr, Ascending ] Iho ops dteeos —————— . C major, Ascending J 43 oid 1 44 duo A’minor (melodic), Ascending and Descending PIN Lod oI. ote i] Tonic Triads and Tonic Chords A triad consists of 3 notes. A chord consists of 4 or more notes. For Grade 1 we will write chords of 4 notes Tonic Triads. ‘These are formed on the Ist note of the key. Tonic Triads of C and F major: % — OR ‘Weruse the Ist note of the scale plus the 3rd and the Sth, Note: All notes ofa triad occur either on lines or spaces! B & scanned with OKEN ScannerTonic Triads of G major and A minor (in Bass Clef): OR G major Aminor Note that you need to use key signatures for G and F major. Tomie Chords. The’se are based on the tonic triad. eg. Tonic Triad Tonic Chord of C Major of C Major The 4th note is provided by using the lowest note again : — this is known as a ‘doubled’ note as it is used twice but at a different pitch Exercises 8. “Wiit the following tonic iad in semibreves (add key signatures where necessary): Gmajor major F major Amine — A minor Gimsjor Cinsjor F major 9. Write the following tonic triads in crotchets, oo | ; oe C major G major F major A minor fo 10. Write the following tonic tiads in quavers. “99 O35. zs oo | 7 Aminor C major G major F major o- 11. Now write those triads as chords f > | : 9o-! eo | ~ | oy! & scanned with OKEN ScannerDotted Notes and Tied Notes A dot placed after a note increases the value of the note by half, eg J 12.3 add 122.3) or. J.-J i.e. aminim tied to a crotchet ~ 13 here the crotchet is not played but held. Only notes of the same letter name may be tied. eg. & scanned with OKEN Scannera | a 7 q Rhythm whole note Semibreve vA — 2 mo If notes “Mininis |. Half note , 195 /\ ( . 3° : 4 Crotchets J J / 7 x Quarter notes ‘90 Oy AA 22 | cd Eighth notes 8 05 AA ARIVAIA Bo ° seniginsess RAARAAAA Sixteenth notes. 16 i) oj 907). “The above table of values is important and yois should léam it! 9° i : O74 234 89 | For time signatures of i id oo-}. please refer tothe Preliminary Test Handbook. oo.) . So] For Grade 1 the new time signaties are: _4 28 N.B, In time signatures ae) 4) the top figure tells you the number of beats per bar. O00 ii) the lower figure tells you the value of eack beat, 6° | In these new time signatures the value of each béat is a minim, o a le Ba°/ | 16 ao | wee ' es & scanned with OKEN Scanner2 Twobeats per bar, 2. Bach beat value ofa d 3 Three beats per bar. 2 — Each beat value of a J A. Four beats per bar. 2 ach eat value ofa d Examples OR OR ©: Teeateig Hate) Y 1 % J o4 Do note that when a group of notes is used they are grouped to show the value of the beat—hereaminim & scanned with OKEN ScannerRests | : issn FE ut of Senibreve, Minin, Crotchet and Quer ets shown nthe Preininay Handbook. For Grade 1 the new rest is the Semiquaver rest and we nee use of whole bar’ and ‘half bar rest. The Semiquaver rest is like the quaver rest but has 2 tails: 7 7 Quaverrest _ Semiquaver rest, Teis written in the 3rd space on both Treble and Bass staves Becansé this is a'short' value rest it is neatly always used with other rests to complete a beat where a group of notes or rests is used. Examples: @ & scanned with OKEN Scanner Cctis important to note that we must ‘build’ up the value of the beat — eg. OR OR d | This needs care if the J is the beat value d - J bev yr ay CHeit_y est) % ” A” 4 ‘The 'whole' bar rest, This is easy! Whenever we need to have a whole bar as a rest - in any time — we use asemibreve rest. eg. (a) 5 The half bar rest occurs in 4 time only. Here we can join 2 rests together and use one rest. 12 384 1&23 4 Note: You may only use half bar rests in the first half of the bar (beats 1 and 2) or second half of the bar (beats'3 and 4). & scanned with OKEN ScannerExercises es: Write under each of the following notes its time name. 0° Time name rg? | | 13, _Nektto each note write a rest that has the same tinie value, 500 14, Next to each rest write a note that has the same time value, 9 & scanned with OKEN Scanner: So 15. Write the following notes ~ use the second space; make sure thatthe stem is written in the ‘correct direction (where appropriate). acrotchet aquaver a semiquaver = a semibreve ‘adotted minim ‘a dotted crotchet two joined quavers four joined semiquavers 16, Writein each of the empty bars two notes equal to the value of the given note lr ewe uv 0 0DO00 17.” Next to each of the following rests write a note that has the same time value 2 & scanned with OKEN Scanner18. @_ How many crotchets rein this note? ee 0° Gi) How miany semiquavers aren this note? f ee eat ° | Gii) How imany quavers ae in these notes? fcepe ae 09 iv) How niany minims are in this note? ; ° 19. Ad correct tine signatures to the following. “09 | @ 20. (3), Add the missing bar lines. e9 | G @)_ Give the time values of the rests marked * 1 2 9 e£ooo n -QC0G0000000 on & scanned with OKEN Scanner@ 6 7 ° lo 0 0 3 ¢ io -— 21, White the time signatures for: a) Simple tiple crotchet bests ) Simple quadruple, crotchet bests ©) Simple dupe, crotchet beats 22, Biplain the following time signatures: s) 3 ye 24 a 9% 2, Ad the cores time signatres to the felowing v v 2%. () Add the missing bar lines. i oS = 8 RSS aa = (0) Give thetime values ofthe ress marked * 1 2 & scanned with OKEN Scannerfo} Oo ecooo0 000900 COOCB8OCOCAGCDDO 2° 30 ¢ oc oc vo FB ° © GOOO cy > @ oO G & scanned with OKEN ScannerTerms and Abbreviations ‘You will be given a melody of 4-5 bars in length and asked to put in phrasing, suitable indication of tempo, dynamics and details of performance. Here are the terms and signs you will need to know; 1. Terms relating to tempo 2. Terms relating to dynamics ‘Auagio - ~ Slow or leisurely Fiano Soft Andante: "Ata moderate pace Mezzo Piano Moderately soft Allegretto Quick, but not as quick as Allegro, ‘Mezzo Forte» Moderately loud “Allegro”... Quickly Forte Loud Crescendo ‘Becoming louder Diminuendo Becoming softer 3. Other terins or signs Shurs over groupe of notes indicate the note reo be played smoothly. This is known as ‘legato’, {A dot over or below a noe means the nee tobe played Staccato (short and detsched)eg J otf === __ Becoming gradually louder . SS _ Becoming gradually softer A Tempo Intime a Pause : Rallentando ‘Becoming slower =u _ Accelerando Increasing the speed jeans eg 1=90:92Jbests per minus; 35 50:50 beats per minite Metronome i cL__] 1) In box A put in the term for ‘slowly’. 2) Put the sign for a pause over the first note in bar 3. 3) In box B put in the term for ‘slowing down’ 4) At put in the sign for ‘becoming louder’. 5) Inbox C put the term for ‘in time’ ©) At+ over bar 1, put in the term or sign for ‘moderately loud’- 25 & scanned with OKEN Scanner° See fia DO ee ar 02 . 9 | 95 | . 90°} Exercises 60 || ° | Allegro ma non troppo J 66 [Beethoven) °5 | %0 00 | 08 | Po 00 . = oe 20 = —— 05 26._ i). Give the meaning of the following oe | 2 95 : a : Po; Fe : 03.) Allegro. t 0° i How many times does the Jd shythm appear ee 95° o6 oo ii) What does a dot do to note when placed overt? (eg bar 1), a What does a dot do to anote when placed after it? (eg bar 10) On In which bars there a slur joining 2.notes together? Bar e5 In which bar is there a pase sgg? Bar bo In which bari the longest ote? Bar 5° : o iii)_piis short for and means 5 7c fis short for and means o3. cresé.is shor for and means e° Tntteney oo: Thehighestnoteis__ and the Lowest noteis ° 2 > 6 & scanned with OKEN Scanneri. i)” Give the meaning of the following, 4 3. J=92 —= (bar2). > (ard), i 1 1 1 ' 1 ! Allegro ' ' ' H 1 1 {i)_ Explain what the following mean, rE ete ‘The dot over the first note in bar 6 ‘The dot after the note in bar 2 ‘What isthe key ofthis melody? iil) Copy out bars 3 and 4. Remember to include the clef and key signature, SSS Mate wi be awarded for netness and acuray. & scanned with OKEN Scanner28. Adagio J= 72 P 1)’ Give the meaning of the following, 2 4a Jen ‘Adagio Honma ins doate J) tenet 4i) “Explain what the following mean, ot. The dots under the quavers in bar 3. ‘The dot after the note in bar 8 Theky of Glemelsdyis ‘The Jongest note is ‘and the shortest note is crese. is short for Sis shon for ——————— & scanned with OKEN ScannerSpecimen Paper A: Grade 1 1, Under each ofthe following nots write ite mame, 1) Te mame 4.) Add the correct time signatures to each the following, (10) = SSS [P] Add one rest at each of the places marked * to make the bars complete. . . 3. Wite the following notes as semibreves. Afat Annaturl F sharp G sharp Efat Middle Anat Dshap Eratural Ashawp » & scanned with OKEN Scanner4 Under each of te following notes write its letter name i) Dee — i) © - bp——p_—be — 2S ==- = ==— ie ee : (29) 990 5 Write the elefs and tonic wiads named below. Add the correct key signa So @ Treble clef: G major (Gi) Bass clef. F miajor 0° 5° 09°) 00) iidentals. 5 6 Write the scales named below. Do not use a key signature but add any stgp or Oat ecient (10) oO . | Draw a bracket over each pair of semitones. Use the given rhythm for each scale. 08 wd £ Allee died : I po | oo Be 62 @ — Cmajor, descending co: 09) 09.) = 6 9 (i) A melodie minor, ascending oo 00 7 Write the number of the degree of the scale under each of the followinig notes. The key is (0) o? F major. oi 65 | i 00. (ited bk sh 00! & scanned with OKEN Scanner0 oyu stot, taken fom aisno pice by Schumann, Study me QUE. it is longer than reuied, buts used for practice purposes) oS ues ’ 6 Jo 108 ; . 0 fotos: ¢ Hoa| 0 0 lo 0 ly i i * ' \ oa ‘Add the time signature atthe correct place in the music 18 +i Thematic Gm: Onin do ote scale (Is 2nd) des the ! melody begin and end?. \ iii) ‘Draw a circle round the loudest note. ’ jv) Whatisthe me name ofthe longest 01? ‘ = Wt ut ihe fet nots bar 2s separate nts natcined ! _ be i ‘ 7 , [B)__Copy ot from the start of bar 17 to he end of bar 20, Include the clef and key signature; (10) } ‘marks vil be given for neatness and accuracy ee fe ea SSS SSS ' See \ ete es i eens eS aaa SSeS | [C] _ Explain the followir \ " enn (0) \ d= 108. \ ——_—_Bitsando ars 19 14), t part) ar ld) ‘ t oo (bas & scanned with OKEN Scanner2 o Specimen Paper B : Grade 1 ae | (i) Og. 1. Under each ofthe following notes writeits time name. Tinie nome Ooo Sf . (0) 0° 2. [A) Add the correct time sigriatures to each of the following. : 0° {b) * Add one rest at each of the places marked with an * thus making the bars complete. o> ° * : 9c} 3. Write the following notes as semibreves. a9 GE a Dt Middle C B natura, Annatural o oo & scanned with OKEN Scanner© > 5 20 0 59: o. 20 © oO ° ’o 10 yo! ev uuoVeE 90000 4 Under each ofthe following notes write its letter name, § Wiite the lets and tonic wads named below. Add the correct key signature @ Bass clef: F major Gi) Treble clet: G & Mite the scales named below. Adda key signature; daw a bracket —1 over each pair of ‘semitones. Use the given rhythm for each scale tod 10] ( ” F major, descending i ov (i) G major, ascending 7 Gite the numberof the degree othe scale under eal ofthe following notes ‘The hey is G major. a major Co) oe |) ll (10) & scanned with OKEN Scanner8 _ Snudy the melody below and then answer the questions which follow. i o? 1) 8). Write in Box A the Italian term for ‘quick, ively’ “(0 1b) Insert at figure © the sign for mezzo forte ~92 ©), AtQ insert the sign for forte. a) “8 Tac B, draw the sign for giadvaly geting louder 00 | How maniy times dots the ql.“ gfg) pater agpeir? (a0) eo. ) .Iniet the time signature inthe correct place on he score 09) i) a) ‘Name the key of the melody. ° 4d) Thelongestnoteis andthe shortest note isa Coals ii) a) fia sod for tnd moins %o | ———— (10) b) The highest note is, eee eceene co ) The lowest note is _ ° ES ) Wiite out bar 2 replacing the dotted note with ted note S (ake care with the grouping of the notes) Go. eee = (bar 2) or . — a $< oe & scanned with OKEN Scanner