Pe el ore a ease PAPER 2. Writing PAPER 5 Listening PAPER 4 Specking Essential tips Question 2: Which o' the four ‘verds ecllocetes witk weignt? Question 5: Look at the context. Is ite gcod thing thet diets dont ‘work for most poople? Does the missing word have a positive oF negative meaning? Question 6: Which ofthe four notre can be foAlowed by the preaositon 2 and a genund? For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which enswer (A, fts each gap. There is an axample at the beginning (0). Cor Di best Mark your answars on the separate answer sheet. fic cA quirtiy B piece unt D pan [ola 2. Going on a diet A calorie is a (0) average person needs about 1,800 calories per day to stey healthy. Without energy, ‘the heart cannot (1)....... blood through biocd vessels and the organs canrot function, for measuring the amount of enercy ‘ood wil produse. The You [2)...... weight because you consume more calories a day than your body requires. The only way to lose weight is to (3)....... the number of calores you . behind most diets. consume. This is the basic 4) (5) ....., diets don't work for most people. It’s not thet they don’t lose weig’ hey cc, but when they go off the ciet the kilos creep back. The (6)... 1¢ losing weight and mairtaining weight loss is < sensible ciot anc exercise plan. You need 10 work cut how :o 2at fewer calories than you (7) ...... consume. You stould also exercise caily so you san use up calories. Burning 250 or 500 ealoties per day can (8) 2 big difference. 1A pump B pull C drag D force 2 A make B increase gain D rut 3A shirk B take © remove D reduce 4 Away B pringple © method D kind 5 A Similary B Tough © Unfortunstely BD _Athough 6 A tey B secret © way D ideo 7A preferasly —-B actuelly CG consistensly D eventually 8 A have B do © make D cive 28 Canbrkige English: First Test 2>> PAPER + Reading and Use oF English >> Part 7Peer rer) fr PAPER 2. Writing PAPER 3 Listening FAPER 4 Speaking For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one ward in each gap. There is an axample at the beginning 0) Write your anewers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate ansvrer sheot. Exempt: [0] MIAINYT TTT LIT TTT 11 I’m not superstitious, honestly! How (0) people could tiuly say they are not superstitious? A recent survey shews that almost 90% of people believe in one sort of superstition (9) ané say that itinfluerces their ives. another One of she questions people (10) ......asced is whether they saw themsalves as lucky or unlucky. Their answers turned out to te the most interestng aspect of this survey. Nearly two-thirds (11). naturally Lucky or unlucky. those taking part said they believed that pecple were Professor Morgan Howard, (12)........ analysed the results of tie survey, was fascinatad by this finding, so he want a step ‘urther and asked these people (13) ...... kind of surerstitions they believed in. (1d)....... his surprise, he discovered thet almostall tie people who regarded themselves (15) .....- lucky believed in positive superstitions. They did things to promote their gooc luck, such as crossing their fingers. (16) ‘would appear thet peaple make their own luck by their attitude to life. Essential tips ‘Question 10: Is the verb ask being used In tho active or the passive form her ‘Question 13: The gop is part ofan indirect question about the kind of supersttions people beliove in, Question 15: The gap ‘ollows 2 verb, 1agerd, and a reflexive pronoun, themselves. What preposition comes after regard + objact? Camibricge Engiist: First Test 2 >> PAPER“ Reading and Use of English b> Part2 29eee oer a eee For questions 1-24, read the text below. Use the word given in eepitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at :he beginning (0). PAPER 2 Writing PAPER 3 Listening . Wiite your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. example:[0 [RIE] PAPER 4 Speaking Wild animals Essential tips Quostion 17: The missing word ig 2 verb. What vertsform do you Wid animals have (0) ...... made an appearance in the back RECENT gardens of Am ican suburbs. They have caused havoc and need? have (17) «a. domestic oets. ‘THREAT ‘Quastion 19: The cao ie between the euxiiary (nave\ and the man verb (discovered), so itmust be Mountain tions that wander into suburbs are now quite an adverb. eae er eae es (18) ...... to attack humans, which 's worrying, while keare wit. ‘carstlly It says a lage number end wolves have (19) ...... diseeverec rubbish bins. If you APPARENT 0F. Co you need the singular or plurel ferm af anoun? fird the (20) ...... of your bin scattered all over the garden CONTAIN ‘ore morning, there is € distinct (21) ...... that a bear POSSIBLE has been feasting there during the night. Nobody shculd be particularly surp ised by this development, which wes predicted by experts years ago, and it's not (22) ne under the circumstances. One cause is the massive EXPECT expansion cf (23) ...... into areas that were wild and HOUSE urinhabited not long ago. In edditicn, over the past few decades ¢ large number of (24) ....... hava bean placed on hunting RESTRICT certain animels, allowing their poptlations to grow. It looks as if rumans will smply Fave to get usec to their new neighbours. 30 Canbrieige English: First Test 2>> PAPER 1 Reading and Use oF English >> Part 5er ea eed Patt ish ey Part 3 PAPER 2 Writing PAPER 3 Listening = Part 6 Part 7 PAPER 4 Speaking Essential tips ‘Question 25: What ie tho pposite af cheap? How be used with an ecjective? ‘Question 28: f scmeone didn’t do something and you think this ‘was wrorg, what modal verb can you use? ‘Question 29: Whet siructure do we use ater asked to report a Fequost? How dowe report & nogative request For questions 25-20, complete the second sentence so that t has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word civen. Do net change the word given. You must Use between two and five words, including the word given. Here is an example (0) Exampi 0 ile very happy when | go cr holicay. FORWARD HAW vos on holiday. The gap can be filled by the words ‘looking forward to going’ so you write: Example: | 0 JLOCKING FORWARD TO GOING Write only the missing worcs IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answar sheet, 25 The phone was cheaper tran | expected. AS. The phone nas E - expected. 26 Why didn’t you tell me! was wrong? TOLD You was wrong. 27 She found the photographs when she wes cleaning he" rocm. CAME She when she was cleening her rcom. 28 How many portraits did Picasso paint? By How many portraits . Picasso? 29 ‘Please don't stey out late; his rrother said. ASKED His mother out late. 30 Id rather not gc out th's afternoon. FEEL ie seeeseuneee OU this afterncon. cambbrldge Evolish: Fist Test 2 >> PAPER 4 Reading and Use cf English >) Part. 34Exam Essentials PAPER 2 PAPER PAPER 4 Iino 15 32 errr) Use of English You are going to read an article adout life in the countryside. For quest ons 31-3 choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. Merk your answers on the separate answor sheet. How | came to envy the country mice Ihave been living in London ‘or mere than 60 years, but still, when I'm driving and take some clever back-street short cut, | catch myself thinking: how extraordinary that it is me daiag this! For a moment the tcwn mouse I have 2e07e is baing seen by the country mouse | used to be. And although, given anew start, | would agzin become a town mouse, when | visit relations in the country, | envy them. Recently, | stood beside a freshwater lake in Norfolk, mede dy diverting a smal river, near where my brother lives. As he was identifying some of the birds we could see, in came seven swans. They circled, then the ha.nting sound cf their wing Keats gave way to silence as they glicec down ‘or splashdown. Itis rot a ‘picturesque’ part of the coast, but it has a definite character of line and light and colour. ‘You do live in a lovely place, | said to my brother, and he answered, ‘Yes, | do.’ There are probably few days when he does not pause to recognise its loveliness as he works with ris boats - he teaches seiling ~ or gces about his many other occupations. The lake's creator is a local 'endowner, continuing a tradition whereby the nature of our countryside has been determined by those who ow? the land. Formerly, landowners weuld almost certainly have made such changes for their own benafit, but this tima it wes done to help preserve tie wildlife hare, which is available for any visitor to see, providing they do nothing to disturb the bircs. It is evidence of change: country life is changing fast. One of the biggest changes I have witressed is that second-romers, together with commuters, have come to be accepted és a vitel part of the country scene. And the men and women who service treir cers, dig their gardens, ley their carpets and do all the other things they need are vital to mocern country life. It is quite likely that the children of today’s worcers may be roving into the same kind of jobs as the second-homers end the retired. Beth the children of a courtry woman | know ar2 at university, and she herseli, now that they have lef: home, is working towards a unive'sizy degree. Much depends, of course, on the part of the countryside you are living in and on personality - your ‘own and that of your neighbours. In my brotner’s Norfolk village, social lite seems dizzying to a Londoner. In addition to dropping in on neighbours, 9¢0p € throw and attend parties far more often than we do. My brother's wite Mary and her friencs are alvrays going into Norwich for a concert or to King’s Lynn for an exhitition. The boring country life that peoole from cities talk about is a thing of the past - or perhaps it was always mainly in thair minds This is very unlike living na London street for 50 years and only knowing the names of four other residents. In these 50 years I Fave mace only on? real friend among them. | do enjoy my life, and Mary says that she sometimes env es it (the grass on the thar side of the fence ...); but whenever I go to Norfclk, | end up feeling tra: the lives of country mice are more admirable than my own. Cambridge Englisy: Fst Test 2 >> PAPER 4 Reading and Use of English ®> Part 5Essential tips > After acing the text for ‘general understanding, read ‘each cusstion and see if you can locate the answer in ‘he tex. When you Iecato the answer in the tex, underine it, Some questions refer to spezife lines in the text (Question 33), while ohe's refer to specifi paragrapis (Question 26). > Look carefully at ihe key For example, in question 31, option A, the key words aro driving through back streets and source of surprise. Tis, option can only be correct if the whiter does drive threugh back streets and is surprised to find herself doing this. Question 32: The tent refersto the sound ofthe swans landing Dove it sey that the sound ‘was very loud, in which case deefening would be the correct ‘ancwer? How is naunting’ used 218? Question 24: The question asks you what is suggested bout outsidors. This moans the answer is not clearly stared, in the text. You n3ec to ‘rea between shelines” and see what is imple inthe toxt Question 26: The answer to this {question san be found in the whole of the last paragiaoh, 31 tis sometimes a source of surprse to the writer to find herself driving through back streets. that she has bean in the city ‘or so long. to reclis2 how mucy she has got used to living in London. that she lives in the city wien she orefers the country. comm ‘The etmosphere creatad by the writer when she describes tre swans i moving. frightening, deatenirg. disturbing. pom ‘What does ‘it’ in line 16 refer to? the ‘ake the fact that the lake belongs to a landowner here the reason for the landowners ection the ‘act that wildlife now reeds to 9e preservec com> What is suggested about outsiders who now live in the country? that country people no longer reject them that Mey often do work like servicing cars and digging gardens that tie men and women who wer: for them ate from tre city that many of them rave been in the countryside for @ long time comm Scola life in the country depends completely on where you live. is not as boring as people in sitias think itis. is not affected by your neighbors. A 5 c D_ is alnays less exciting than life in the city ‘What do we learn about the writer's attitude to London in the finel paregraph? She cant adust te iving in London. ‘She has ragretted moving to London. ‘The peoole in her s:reat are unusually unfriendly. Life there is very diferent to country life pom For the Glossary soe page 47 Cambridge Enclish: Flist Test 2 >> PAPER 1 Reading and Use cf English >) Parts 33}Ce see cere ene PAPER 2 Writing PAPER 3 Listeni Mark your answers on PAPER 4 Speakir You are going to read an article about :he evolution of hands. Six sentences have keen removed from the a ‘each gap (37-42.. There is ane extra sentence whion you dc not need to use. le. Choose from the senterces A-G the ane which fits 1¢ Separate answer sheet. Our amazing hands The hand is where the mind meets the world. We use our hands to build fires, to steer airplanes, to write. The auman brain, with its open-ended creativity, may be the thing that makes ou species unique. But without hards, all the grand ideas we think up would come to nothing, The reason we can use our hanes fcr so many things ridged fins of a goldfish but the muscular, stout firs of extinst relatives of today's lungfish. Insid2 these were a few chunky bones corresfoncing to the bones in our arms. [39 |The digits ater emerged and bacame separatz, eliowing the anmas to grip underwater vegetation as they clambered through it. 40 ‘Some species had saven fingers. Othershad their extraordinary anatomy. [37 Some ere connected 10 bones within the hand, while others snake their way %0 the arm. The wrist is a floating group of bones and ligaments threaded with blood vessels anc nerves. The nerves saad branctes into each fingertip. The rand can generate fine ‘erces or huge ones. A watchmaker can use his hands to set springs in place under a microscope. A sportsman can use the same anatomy to throw a ball at over 100 Kilometres en hour. Other speces have hands too. [38 ] In other cases we have to look closer, A 9a:’s wings may look like sheets of skin. But underneath, a bat has the same five fingers as a human, as well as a wrist connected to the same cluster of wrist bones connacted to the same. long bones of the arn. In exploring how hands have evoived, vesearchers over the past 150 years heve dug up fossils on every continent. They've compared the anatomy of hands in living animals. They've studied the genes that build hands. It appears that our hands began to evolve at least 380 million years ago from fins — rot the flat, eight. But by the time vertebrates were welking around on dry land 340 million years ago, the hand had keen scaled back to only five fingers. It has retained that number of fngers ever since - for reascns scientists don't yet know. Nevertheless, there are still many different types of hands in I ving species, from dolphin flippers to eagle wings to the hanging hooks of sloths [41 They can also see that despite the cutward differences, all hands start out in much the same way. There is a network cf many genes that builds a hand, and all hands are built by variations on that same network. It takes only subtle changes in these genes to make fingers longer or to turn nails into claws. The discovery of the molecular toolbox for hand building has given scientists a deeper understanding of, evolution. [42] _ | It may just be a little more of one protein here, a little less of ancther there. In the pest, scientists could recognise only the outward signs that hands had evolved from a common ancestor. Today scientists are uncovering the inward signs as well. 34 Camloriige Enlist First Test 2 +> PAPER Reading and Use of English b> Part 6A. Over time, smaller ones devalcpec that would eventually become wrists and fingers. B Although a vulture's wing and a l.cn’s paw may eppear to have nothing in common, the difference between them mzy come down to tiny variations. © They also use them for a number of different purposes. D_ No one would coubt that the five fingers at tre end of an orangutan’s arm are part of anything elsi By studying these, scientists are beginning to understand the molecular charges that led to such dramatic variations. The thumb alone is controlled by nine separate muscles, G Early hands were more exctic then any hand today. Essential tips > Read the man text fiom which paragraphs tave been gapped ‘0 get the general ide: > Look carefully at the sentences before and ater the a ‘Ate tier any words thet show you whet the mssing sentence is about? > There are meny ways you ean link parts of atoxt. It coule be a contrast. a comparson, an exarpls, etc. Look for linking expressions trat connect ideas in'a text. > Pay special atenticn to nours, proneuns, words lite th's| ‘and thatand any other words 0 phrases thet refer to ‘whathas gone befors 0° what comes ater thern. Question 37: The tentence before the gap says the hand emazingy conetiusted (their extaordinar? anatomy). The sentence oftion that ‘ts this gap is an example o this and Inks with the sentonce after the gap. Question 3€ The sentence before the gep mentions other species. Two sertencs options rafer to cther species but nly one lines with the sentence after the gap. Question 4%: The senience before the gap describes cifferont types 9! nands. Tho sentence pion that fits: cap rafors to these diferent types of hancs. In the sentence efter the gap, who doss they’ refer to? For the Glossary see page 47 > Cambridge English: First Test 2 >> PAPER 1 Reading and Use of English >> Part 5 aEExam Essentials Teng ere You are going to read an article about the activities organised by ‘cur schools for Environmenta Awareness Day. For cuestions 43-52 choose from the schools (A-D) ee The schocls way be chcsen more than once. rn Merk your answers on the separate answer sheet. PAPER 4 Speaking Which school became better krown atter Envirenmertal Awareness Day? al previdee onlire informetion atout the envirenment? ery asked a specials: to give atalk? a reised money to help er organisation? 48 organised a trp to study animals by the sea? a7 is followirg changes in general weather conditions? a carried out a Froject about endangered animals and plants? a arranged talc on pollution and Ioeel arctitecture? 50. decided to pretest a local historical site? 5 is located in the centre of the city? 52 Essential tips > Read the questions first, ané uncerlina key words. Make sure you understand what the question asks, > Locate the answers in the text ard undarline them. > When you reai the toct, oot for words/phrases which expross similer ideas. Co rot look for identizel words. Question 44: How cen we provi onlire informat on? Question 46; How can z school raise money? When youttry to Iecate the answar, do nat Icok for tre verb raise. Look for the ides oF raising money. Question 48. Can you find another way of s ing general weather condtions? For the Glossary see page 47 36 carnbridge Enelish: First Test 2» PAPER 4 Reading ano Use of Enclish >» Part 7Environmental Awareness Day A Plumpton High School This school decided to arrange a variety of activitie some zimed at acheving a better unders:ancing of environmental problems, and others designed to be of practical telp. For instance, the sctoc! magazine brought out a special adition on the subject, full of atticles and stories where pupils expressed their faelings about the :hreats facing our environment. In another attempt to find out for themselves how sericus these threats really are, the pupils dacided to study the problem of pollution by making a si run Ey the science department, into air pollution in the local stopring centre. The school also held a sponsored walk and handed over nearly £1000 to the World Wide =und for Nature. Pupils prepared a campeign to ban cars from the city centre and reduce tra‘fc congest or. They gained a ict of publicity for the school by cycling thrcuch the city and handing out brochures about the benefits 0° cycling and walking. B Cresswell College The staff and students at Cresswell College hold a meeting and discussed a number of suggestions. The mest popular suggestion :umed out tc be the most practcal ore; it was decicec that the locel environment should be brightened up. Teams nere sent out to plant flowers and young trees on areas of and in the neighbourhood. Senior students monitored :he progress of spezies threatened with extinction end prepared a report on their findings. It wes hoped thet this woulc help publicise the prooem. Aleading expert on wilc birds wes inv ted to come and give a talk about the dangers facec by these creatures. He explainec the importance cf the food chain and asked people to suppert local wildlife reserves, C Grayner Institute This school had already beer involved in some projacts connectad witn the environment, though naturally effor's were increased for Environmental Awereness Day. For the last two years the school nad been studying the effects of variations in climatis petterns around the world and how these can affect wildlife. A film about those magnificent marine mammals, whales, which was shown to the whele school as part of Environmental Awerenass Day, was received with great erthusiasm ay purils. Veradth Summers was invited to talk aout how pollution can dastroy buildings in the region. Following trat, pupils decidedto launch a campaign r the restoration of the mecieval square in the city centre and asked loca’ authorities to suprort them financially. D Halliwell Academy The pupils at this innercity secondary school elt that the best way to mark Env ronmental Awareness Dey would be to help pecrle in the area understand how important the environmen: is to them, One suggestion that was greeted with enthusiasm was to measute tke levels of noise in Stanley Road, a busy locel shopping street. The information was then placed on ¢ website that the school had started. In order to give them @ chance tc see for themselves the problems facing some local species, the sci00 took pupils to :he coastal marshes of Easton, Many pupils reporred afterwards that they had never realised how terrible the effects of pollution could be on coasiel wildlife. ills: Fst Test 2>> PAPER 1 Reading and Use of English >> Part? 5: