Professional Documents
Culture Documents
In the last half of the 19th century, U.S. barbershops often served as community centres, where
most men would meet. Barbershop quartets originated with African-American men socializing in
barbershops; they harmonized while waiting their turn, vocalizing in spirituals, folk songs and
popular songs. This generated a new style, consisting of unaccompanied, four-part, close-
harmony singing.
A barbershop quartet is a group of four singers who sing music in the barbershop style,
characterized by four-part harmony without instrumental accompaniment, or a cappella. The four
voices are the lead, the vocal part which typically carries the melody; a bass, the part which
provides the bass line to the melody; a tenor, the part which harmonizes above the lead; and
a baritone, the part that frequently completes the chord
Early blues
Blues is a music genre[3] and musical form which was originated in the Deep South of the United
States around the 1870s by African-Americans from roots in African musical traditions, African-
American work songs, and spirituals.
Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narra-
tive ballads.[2] The blues form is characterized by the call-and-response pattern, the blues
scale and specific chord progressions.
Early traditional blues verses consisted of a single line repeated four times.
Bessie Smith (April 15, 1894 – September 26, 1937) was an
American blues singer widely famous during the Jazz Age. Nicknamed
the Empress of the Blues, she was the most popular female blues singer
of the 1920s and 1930s. Bessie did not have access to an education
because her parents had died and her elder sister was taking care of
her.[1] She is often considered one of the greatest singers of her era and
was a major influence on other blues singers, as well as jazz vocalists.