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Here are 10 tips that will lower your compressed air costs.
1. Analyze air consumption
Typically, only half of generated compressed air is used for the intended process. The other
half is depleted by artificial demand, inappropriate use and leaks. Artificial demand is created
when there are extra margins on sizing compressed air systems in terms of flow or pressure
requirement. It can account for about 10% to 15% of compressed air consumption, which
translates into wasted money.
You also should check your operation for potentially inappropriate uses of compressed air such
as open blowing, personnel cooling, cabinet cooling or air motors. Some of these applications,
including cabinet cooling, liquid agitation or stirring and vacuum generation, can be served
more efficiently by a fan, blower or vacuum pump, all of which consume less energy than air
compressors. Knowing where your air goes is the first step toward developing an action plan to
reduce unnecessary compressed air consumption.
2. Inspect distribution
Inspecting your distribution means checking for leaks and assessing your pipe sizing. Both leaks
and incorrectly sized pipes can result in unwanted pressure drops, causing your compressed air
system to work harder and consume more energy. In some systems, leaks account for 20% to
30% of air consumption. Let’s take a look at some calculations and examples to understand the
impact of distribution inefficiencies.
Leaks: At 80 psig, a leak through a 1/16-inch hole consumes about 5.24 cfm. When the
pressure moves to 125 psig, that number jumps to 7.66 cfm. This 46% increase in wasted air
can compound energy costs quickly, so leaks should be identified and addressed as quickly as
possible.
While some larger leaks can be heard in a system walk, an audit is the best way to ensure all
leaks are found. Ultrasonic leak detectors are available to find minute leaks, but an ongoing
identification program involving all personnel is the most effective practice.
Pipe sizing and configuration: Pipe sizing may seem like a small factor, but it can have a big
impact on pressure. For example, suppose a plant experiencing low pressure generates 400
cfm while running at 100 psig with pipes that are two inches in diameter. To compensate for
the low pressure, the operator considers purchasing a new, larger compressor. Is this a good
solution? Probably not. Increasing the pipe size from two inches to three inches and creating a
closed-loop system reduced the pressure drop from 12 psi to 1 psi without a new compressor.
Another way to avoid air pressure drops associated with piping and configuration is to just say
no to long hoses. Minimizing the use of hoses and frequently inspecting fittings can preserve
line pressure without forcing the compressor to work harder than necessary.
3. Reduce pressure
It’s common to find systems running at a high pressure to satisfy the needs of only one point
of use. However, this can waste large volumes of compressed air, especially when the pressure
needs of different end uses are highly disparate. To avoid generating unnecessary amounts of
compressed air, try using a separate compressor or booster. That way, the rest of your system
can continue to operate at a lower pressure, reducing leakage and usage rates and ultimately
decreasing overall energy consumption.
These savings can add up. Every additional 2 psi increases energy costs by about 1%. But
before you buy a separate compressor, try a few simple checks:
Assess the validity of compressor control settings.
Look for pressure drops through dryers, filters and piping systems.
Determine if you have artificial demand.
Air receiver sizing and placement are crucial to lowering compressed air costs. Air receivers
play a vital role in the compressed air process. They store compressed air prior to end use and
serve as a buffer between the compressor and system, modulating pressure variation that may
happen during compression.
The Compressed Air and Gas Institute (CAGI) recommends four to five gallons per cfm. For
installation with multiple compressors, the air receiver should be based on the size of the trim
compressor.
Ensuring your air receiver is in the right location is another way to lower your compressed air
costs. Some operators decide to install an air receiver before the compressed air dryer. This
can be beneficial to the dryer, as the receiver may provide radiant cooling that removes some
of the condensate and entrained oil. However, the receiver will be filled with saturated air. If
there is a sudden demand that exceeds the compressor and dryer capacity rating, the dryer
can become overloaded, leading to a higher pressure dew point.
Installing the receiver after the dryer doesn’t provide the same advantages, but it does store
clean, dry air. Any sudden demand occurring in this situation will be met with dry air. The best
proactive air receiver placement is to have two receivers on the supply side: one "wet"
receiver before the dryer to provide control storage and condensate dropout and a second
"dry" air receiver to meet sudden demand.
When designing a multiple compressor system, a good way to save money is to base load as
many compressors as possible. Multiple compressor control can optimize the running cost
because you are selecting which compressor to run at a specific load based on plant flow
demand.
It can also reduce the compressor operating pressure band (remember, 2 psi increases the
energy consumption by 1%). If you have VSD and a centrifugal compressor in the system,
multiple compressor controls will keep the VSD compressor and centrifugal compressor in an
optimum zone, minimizing compressed air blow-off.
The process of drying compressed air is often misunderstood, which results in inefficiently
pieced together systems that waste energy and money. We often get questions regarding
dryer and filter selection, such as:
Should I get a desiccant or refrigerant dryer?
What level of filtration do I need?
Do I need all these filters, regulators and lubricants?
Regardless of the question, the answer is almost always the same: it depends on your
application. However, there are a few universal tips to follow when using dryers and filters
that can help reduce compressed air costs:
Do not dry compressed air more than the application requires. This is unnecessary and wastes
money.
Consider initial drying with a refrigerant-type dryer, then dry further only to meet point-of-use
requirements.
Every filter causes a pressure drop, which costs money. Don’t filter more than necessary.
Compressors make a lot of water. You need a way to safely and efficiently remove it from your
system to avoid turning your compressed air pipes into water pipes. Manual drains should not
be used, because they rely on a maintenance team who may have other priorities.
When left open, manual drains can waste expensive amounts of compressed air.
Timer drains present a similar issue, and both types of drains may not work properly on a
humid day.
Instead, opt for drain traps that sense the presence of condensate and drain it without the loss
of compressed air. You should always inspect drain traps regularly and repair as needed.
8. Recover heat
Heat is always a byproduct of air compression. In fact, you can recover almost 90% to 95% of
heat from certain compressors. A radiator-cooled unit can provide air for space heating in a
building, and a water-cooled unit can produce hot water for plant use. Instead of directing hot
compressor outside or discarding the hot water, use these resources to power your facility to
save money.
Keeping track of your compressed air consumption can offer important insights. From
informing maintenance practices to prompting energy saving initiatives, it’s always good to
know what’s happening in your system. Doing so will not only prevent serious issues from
going unnoticed, it will also help your plant find ways to continuously improve efficiency.
There are seven important things to keep in mind regarding monitoring:
1. Establish a baseline of your system before making any changes.
2. Establish a benchmark of energy consumption against rate of production.
3. Record any system changes and resulting energy savings.
4. Record maintenance data and trends.
5. Record operating pressures at strategic points in the system, as these changes can reveal
problem areas.
6. Review the impact of new production machines.
7. Analyze low pressure at point of use; this could signal a system problem rather than a need
for a new compressor.
Mapping your system is a helpful starting point. This could be done by plant personnel or
through a compressed air audit. The latter can offer deeper insights into the system’s
functionality and reveal changes that would improve the current system. Another way to keep
an eye on your compressors is through a remote monitoring system, which can show where
compressed air is going, where pressure drops occur and how much energy the system is
using.
Selecting the right compressor for your operation is paramount. While there are many options,
it’s important to understand the different types of compressors and the cost advantages they
offer. Every technology has its unique advantage based on the plant demand and application.
VSD: Because it adjusts to meet demand, this compressor is good for trim applications.
Oil-free: Oil-free compressors are ideal for sensitive applications like food, beverage and
pharmaceutical processing.
Centrifugal: These dynamic compressors are large and produce high flows, making them good
base load compressors for large production industries, such as semiconductor production.
Piston: Piston compressors are frequently small and portable, making them perfect for
automotive and other shop applications.
Don’t purchase a compressor without first researching which best fits your application,
pressure and capacity needs. Examining your options up front will save you money down the
line.
These tips are just the beginning. Implementing energy and cost-saving practices takes time
and ongoing commitment. By adhering to the above practices, your facility can save significant
amounts of energy-and money.
L1 Loading Time (mnt) Usage (kWh) Total Usage (kWh)
Kitchen 47.1 1,154.0
Filling 2.24 54.9
1470 1,768.2
Cooling 14.93 365.8
Packing 7.9 193.6
Sugar dissolved Loading Time (mnt) Usage (kWh) Total Usage (kWh)
Existing motor 28.7 1470 703.2 703.2
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Loading Time
Jam Menit
KWh
24.5 1470
35,049
L1 1,768.2 4.4%
L2 1,768.2 4.4%
L3 1,619.0 4.0%
L4 1,474.4 3.7%
L5 1,429.1 3.5%
L6 5,225.4 13.0%
L7 5,225.4 13.0%
Sugar dissolved 703.2 1.7%
Utility 21,061.4 52.3%
40,274.0
LIST DATA KAPASITAS MOTOR LINE 1
Area NO. Nama Beban Jml KW / Unit Status Eff KWH Total
Hot Water Tank 1 Motor Pompa Transfer 1 4 On 1 4.0
2 Motor Agitator Premix 1 5.5 On 1 5.5
3 Motor Pump premix 1 2.2 On 1 2.2
4 Motor Agitator Mixing tank 1 11 On 1 11.0
5 Motor Pompa mixing tank 1 2.2 On 1 2.2
COOKING
6 Motor Holding tank 1 4 On 1 4.0
7 Motor Agitator Holding Tank 1 4 On 1 4.0
8 Pompa Tandon Gula 1 2.5 On 1 2.5
9 Motor Pompa Holding Tank 1 2.2 On 1 2.2
10 Motor Pompa Produk 1 4 On 1 4.0
HTST 1
11 Pompa sirkulasi Hot water 1 5.5 On 1 5.5
12 Motor Roll Sampah Seal 1 0.75 On 1 0.8
FILLING
13 Motor servo 1 1.49 On 1 1.5
14 Motor IJP Cup 1 1 0.2 On 1 0.2
15 Motor Conveyor cooling batch 1 2.98 On 1 3.0
COOLING
16 Motor Blower 1 0.75 On 1 0.8
17 Motor Cooling Batch 1 11 On 1 11.0
18 Motor extraktor 1 1 1.5 On 1 1.5
19 Motor extraktor 2 1 1.5 On 1 1.5
20 Motor Rotary packing 1 0.4 On 1 0.4
21 Motor conveyor modular 1 0.55 On 1 0.6
PACKING
22 Motor Servo Driving 1 1.5 On 1 1.5
23 Motor conveyor 1HP 1 0.75 On 1 0.8
24 Motor Carton Sealer 1 1 1.5 On 1 1.5
25 Motor IJP Dus 1 1 0.2 On 1 0.2
TOTAL KAPASITAS 25 72.17 72.2
129.00492639
SISTEM START MOTOR
On
INVERTER Off
INVERTER
2.2
7.9
LIST DATA KAPASITAS MOTOR LINE 2
INVERTER
INVERTER 47.1
2.2
7.9
LIST DATA KAPASITAS MOTOR LINE 3
BASE ON NAM
AREA NO. NAMA BEBAN
Jml KW / Unit
HOT WATER 1 Motor Hot Water 1 7.5
2 Pompa Hot Water CIP 1 1.5
3 Pompa Alkali 1 1.5
C.I.P
4 Pompa Acid 1 1.5
5 Pompa transfer CIP 1 5.5
6 Pompa Expantion Tank 1 7.5
HTST
7 Pompa Transfer 1 11
8 Motor Agitator Mixing 1 L6 1 18
9 Motor Agitator Mixing 2 L6 1 18
10 Agitator Holding Tank 1 L6 1 7.5
11 Agitator Holding Tank 2 L6 1 7.5
COOKING 12 Pompa transfer L6 1 11
13 Pompa Holding 1 L6 1 5.5
14 Pompa Holding 2 L6 1 5.5
15 Pompa mixing 2 L6 1 5.5
16 Pompa mixing 2 L6 1 5.5
17 Agitaror Sugar 1500 1 7.5
18 Agitator Sugar 3000 1 7.5
19 Pompa Sugar 1 L6 1 5.5
SUGAR
20 Pompa Sugar 2 L6 1 5.5
21 Pompa Dumper Sugar 1 5.5
22 Motor Agitator Sugar Tank 1 5.5
23 Agitator Jaket Nata 1 7
24 Pompa Washing Nata 1 2.2
NATA 25 Motor Sirkulasi Nata 1 1.5
26 Motor Transfer Nata 1 11
27 Pompa Return CIP 1 5.5
28 Motor ACL 1 0.75
29 Motor Elevator 1 0.75
30 Motor Servo After Elevator 1 0.75
FILLING 31 Motor Slide Cup 1 0.75
32 Motor Servo Conveyor Mould 1 1.5
33 Motor Transfering filling 1 0.75
34 Pompa Vavum ICME 1 0.75
35 Conveyor IJP L6 1 0.4
36 Motor blower 2 0.75
COOLING
37 Conveyor cooling( servo) 1 4
38 Pompa Cooling Batch 1 11
39 Pompa Vavum BECKER 1 3.4
40 Motor Tansfering Inlet packing 1 0.4
41 Conveyor packing L4( servo) 1 0.75
42 Motor Extractor 1 1 3
43 Motor Extractor 2 1 3
44 Motor Rotary packing 1 0.4
PACKING
45 Motor conveyor modular 1 0.55
46 Motor conveyor errector 1 0.18
47 Motor Belt Carton sealer Errector 2 0.12
48 Motor Stucker 2 0.18
49 Motor Carton sealer Errector 2 0.25
50 Motor Carton Glue 2 0.2
51 Motor Conv.Palletizer 1 0.37
52 Motor Metering Belt conveyor 1 0.55
53 Motor Orienting Unit 1 0.37
54 Motor Electronic Spacer 1 0.12
55 Motor elevator 1 1.1
PALLETIZER 56 Motor elevator 1 0.12
57 Motor elevator 1 0.12
58 Motor elevator 1 0.12
59 Motor elevator 1 0.12
60 Motor Conveyor C50 1 0.12
61 Motor Pallet Destracker 1 0.12
TOTAL KAPASITAS 66 222.01
OR LINE 6
CIP process
SUGAR DESOLVING
BASE ON NAME PLATE UNIT
AREA NO. NAMA BEBAN
Jml KW / Unit Status Eff KW Total
1 Pompa Transfer dumping 1 5.5 On 1 5.5
2 Pompa Transfer disolving 1 4 On 1 4.0
3 Pompa Transfer storage 1 5.5 On 1 5.5
SUGAR DESOLVING
4 Pompa Transfer frutcost 1 2.2 On 1 2.2
5 Agitator Disolving 1 7.5 On 1 7.5
7 Agitator Storage 1 4 On 1 4.0
Kapasitas total: 6.0 28.7 28.7
ATE UNIT
Ampere SISTEM START MOTOR
9.83 D.O.L (Direct on line ) On
7.15 Off
9.83 INVERTER
3.93
13.41 INVERTER
7.15
51.3
LIST DATA KAPASITAS MOTOR UTI
1 Motor Blower 1
Boiler Thermax line CUP 2 Motor Feedpump 2
3 Motor Rotary burner 1
Total Kapasitas
1 ID Fan 1
2 FD Fan 1
1 AHU Line 1 1
2 AHU Line 3 1
Total Kapasitas
Total Kapasitas
1 Motor ID Fan 1
2 Motor FD Fan 1
3 Motor Elevator 1
4 Motor Belt transfer1 1
Boiler TWA
5 Motor Incline Belt 1
22 On 1 22.0 INVERTER
19 On 1 19.0 INVERTER
19 On 1 19.0 INVERTER
15 On 1 15.0 STAR DELTA
22 On 1 22.0 STAR DELTA
19 On 1 19.0 INVERTER 0
116 116.0
48 59.0
85.5 0.0
30 On 1 30.0 INVERTER
11 On 1 11.0 INVERTER
2.2 On 1 2.2
1.1 On 1 1.1
2.2 On 1 2.2
0.8 On 1 0.8
0.4 On 1 0.4
0.8 On 1 0.8
2.2 On 1 2.2
11 On 1 11.0 STAR DELTA
2.2 On 1 2.2
6.6 On 1 6.6 STAR DELTA
70.5 70.5
0