DUMB AND CRIPPLED CHILD

CRIPPLED CHILD
The crippled child , in the orthopaedic sense, is a child that has a defect which cause a deformity
or an interference with normal function of the bones, muscles or joints . His conditions may be
congenital or due to disease or accident. It may be aggravated by neglect or by ignorance.
The crippled may be divided into
 The mild crippled:The mild crippled are those who have orthopaedical impairment like
congenital anomalies such as dislocated hips or joints , clubbed feet. Spina bifida and
poliomyelitis, tuberculosis of the bones or joints.
 The severely crippled: They are those who require hospitalization, on either temporary
or permanent basis.

Fig: A crippled child

Causes
 It results from the interaction between individuals with a health condition such as
cerebral palsy, down syndrome and depression.
 It can also occur due to strokes and spinal cord injuries
 Auto-immune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis
  Accidents and trauma.
 This disability category includes all orthopedic impairments, regardless of cause.
Examples of potential causes of orthopedic impairment include genetic abnormality,
disease, injury, birth trauma, amputation, burns, or other causes.
 Spina bifida
 Diabetes
 Nervous system disorders
 Muscular-skeletal disorders
 Respiratory Disorders
 Endocrine-metabolic disorder
 Stroke and Muscular Dystrophy
Identification of Orthopaedically handicapped Children
The children with orthopedically handicapped may show these characteristics, so identification
may be done by observing these characteristics :
 They may show poor motor control.
 These children walk awkwardly or with a limb.
 These may show sign of pain while doing exercise.
 They fall frequently.
 They show deformity in fingers, legs, hands , spine, neck .
 They often complain for pain in joints.
 They have difficulty in sitting , standing, walking.
 They have shaky movements.
 They experience difficulty in picking,holding and putting in some place.
 The intelligence of orthopedically handicapped children is similar to that of normal
children.
 They have imputed limbs.
 They have poor body image, high anxiety and frustration.
 They are withdrawn and passive and try to compensate their deficiency.
 On the whole, the handicapped children display low self-appraisal and are self
condeming but they have realistic approach to their problems.
 Remedies
Devices for positioning and mobility:
These assistive technology devices focus on helping the student participate in educational
activities. These devices include:
 Canes
 walkers
 crutches
 wheelchairs
 specialized chairs, desks, and tables for proper posture development
The health care team
There are various specialists that may become involved, such as:
 PhysicalTherapists
 AdditionalTherapists
 OccupationalTherapists
 Speech-Language Pathologists
 Adapted Physical EducationTeachers

Educational provisions for orthopedically handicapped children

Orthopedically handicapped children have defects in their bones and muscular
coordination .They have adequate mental ability. So they do not require any special situation for
schooling .The children who become orthopedically handicapped require education with
following programmes :
 Vocational training
 Special Equipment and provisions
 Social Acceptance
 Equalisation of educational opportunities
 Integrated Education
 Special Physical Facilities , like
-A. Ramp
- B wide door ways
 Hand rails
  Non skid floors
 Rounded corners Play areas
 Providing foot rest
 Rubber mats on slippery floors
 Removal of desk to move wheel chair
 Special provisions in schools
 Special provisions at home
 Special provision in society
Treatment Modalities
 Behavior management.
 Environment supervision
 Monitoring the child’s developmental needs and problems.
 Programs that maximum speech , language, cognitive, psychomotor, social , self care,
and occupational skills.
 Family therapy
 Early intervention programs for children younger than age 3 with mental retardation.
 Provide day schools to train the child in basic skills, such as bathing and feeding.
DUMB CHILD
Dumb is the ability to express or to produce a sound. Person suffering from this disorder is called
dumb.
Speech Handicapped
It means an impairment of speech or sound production, fluency, voice or language which
significantly affects a child’s educational performance or their social, emotional or vocational
development.
Type Of Speech Impairment
 Articulation disorder: Articulation disorder is a problem with making certain sounds,
such as "sh." Phonological process disorder is a pattern of sound mistakes, such as not
pronouncing certain letters. Articulation disorder is the inability to form the certain word
sounds correctly past a certain age. Word sounds may be dropped, added, distorted, or
swapped.
 Fluency disorder – stuttering: People develop a voice disorder for many reasons. A
voice disorder is a change in how the voice sounds
 Aphonia: Aphonia is defined as the inability to produce voiced sound. Damage to the
nerve may be the result of surgery of neck.
 Voice disorder: A medical conditions involving abnormal pitch, loudness or quality of
the sound produced by the larynx and thereby affecting speech production.
Characteristics of speech disorder
Symptoms include:
 Slurred speech
 Slow speech
 Strained voice, nasal voice
 Inability to speak louder
 Rapid speech that is difficult to understand
 Abnormal speech rhythm
 Different speech volume
 Difficulty in moving tongue and facial muscles
Causes
 The damage of the muscles which is used for speech causes dysarthria. Speech muscles
are controlled by the brain and nervous system. Conditions which result in speech
disorder include:
 Brain injury
 Brain tumour
 Cerebral palsy
 Head injury
 Huntington's disease
 Multiple sclerosis
 Muscular dystrophy
 Parkinson's disease
 Stroke

 Medication such as narcotics or sedatives

 Impact Of Speech Impairment
 Poor Communication skill
 Less social interactions
 Behavioral problem - children may feel shame, embarrassment, frustration, anger, and
depression as a result of speech impairments.
 Poor academic performance
Prevention
Not preventable always. Can reduce the risk factors with the below steps:
 Balancing the blood pressure and diabetes
 Maintaining cholesterol
 Limit the saturated fat and salt intake
 Avoid smoking and alcohol
 Exercise regularly
 Healthy weight maintenance
 Management
 Early identification of speech impairment
 Elimination of hearing impairment
 Medical and surgical intervention for underlying causes
 Psychological counseling
 Avoid making fun of their voice or speech
 Voice or Speech therapy
 Physical therapy  Cognitive rehabilitation
Complications
 Difficulty in social mingling which affects the relationship with family and friends.
 Depression which leads to isolation.
 CPMS COLLEGE OF NURSING

ASSIGNMENT ON: CRIPPLE AND DUMB CHILD

SUBJECT: CHILD HEALTH NURSING

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY

MS. SMRITI BORA NUNUNG SAROH

LECTURER 2ND YEAR M.SC NURSING

CHILD HEALTH NURSING DEPTT. CPMS COLLEGE OF NURSING

CPMS COLLEGE OF NURSING

 ASSIGNMENT ON: CRIPPLE AND DUMB CHILD

SUBJECT: CHILD HEALTH NURSING

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY

MS. SMRITI BORA RINCHIN CHHOTEN

LECTURER 2ND YEAR M.SC NURSING

CHILD HEALTH NURSING DEPTT. CPMS COLLEGE OF NURSING