Definição: Seja 𝐹 uma primitiva de 𝑓.

Denota-se e define-se a integral indefinida da função 𝑓(𝑥) por

Símbolo de integração Diferencial

Elemento de integração
Integrando
Exemplo:

1) 𝐼 = න 2𝑥 − 1 3 𝑑𝑥 = න 2𝑥 + (−1) 3 𝑑𝑥 2) 𝐼 = න 2𝑥 − 1 300 𝑑𝑥

3
Lembre que: 𝑎+𝑏 = 𝑎3 + 3𝑎2 𝑏 + 3𝑎𝑏2 + 𝑏3

3 2 2 3
𝐼 = න 2𝑥 + 3 2𝑥 −1 + 3 2𝑥 −1 + −1 𝑑𝑥

𝐼 = න 8𝑥 3 − 12𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 1 𝑑𝑥

𝐼 = 8 න 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 − 12 න 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + 6 න 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − න 𝑑𝑥

𝑥4 𝑥3 𝑥2
𝐼 = 8 − 12 + 6 − 𝑥 + 𝑘
4 3 2

𝐼 = 2𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 𝑘
Exemplo:

300
2) 𝐼 = න 2𝑥 − 1 𝑑𝑥

Definindo 𝑢 = 2𝑥 − 1 ⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = 2 𝑑𝑥

1 300
𝐼 = න 2𝑥 − 1 2𝑑𝑥
2

1
𝐼 = න 𝑢300 𝑑𝑢
2
1 𝑢301
𝐼= +𝑘
2 301
1 301
𝐼= 𝑢 +𝑘
602
1 301
𝐼= 2𝑥 − 1 +𝑘
602
3) 𝐼 = න 3𝑥 + 1 𝑑𝑥

Definindo 𝑢 = 3𝑥 + 1 ⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = 3 𝑑𝑥

1
𝐼 = න 3𝑥 + 1 3𝑑𝑥
3
1
𝐼= න 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
3
1 1
𝐼 = න 𝑢2 𝑑𝑢
3
1
1 𝑢2+1
𝐼= 1 +𝑘
3 2+1
3
1 𝑢2
𝐼= 3 +𝑘
3 2
2 3
𝐼 = 3𝑥 + 1 2 +𝑘
9
 𝑥3
4) 𝐼 = න 3 𝑑𝑥
𝑥4 +4

Definindo 𝑢 = 𝑥 4 + 4 ⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = 4𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥

1 4 𝑥3 3 2
𝐼 = න3 𝑑𝑥 𝐼 = 𝑢3 + 𝑘
4 4
𝑥 +4 8

1 𝑑𝑢 3 2
𝐼= න 3 𝐼 = 𝑥4 + 4 3 +𝑘
4 𝑢 8

1 1
−3
𝐼 = න 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
4
1
−3+1
1 𝑢
𝐼= +𝑘
4 −13+1
2
1 𝑢3
𝐼= 2 +𝑘
4 3
 𝑑𝑥
5) 𝐼 = න
2 − 5𝑥

Definindo 𝑢 = 2 − 5𝑥 ⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = −5 𝑑𝑥
1 −5 𝑑𝑥
𝐼= න
−5 2 − 5𝑥

1 𝑑𝑢
𝐼=− න
5 𝑢
1
𝐼 = − 𝑙𝑛 𝑢 + 𝑘
5
1
𝐼 = − 𝑙𝑛 2 − 5𝑥 + 𝑘
5
 2
6) 𝐼 = න 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Definindo 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 ⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥

1 2
𝐼= න 𝑒 𝑥 2𝑥𝑑𝑥
2

1
𝐼 = න 𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
2

1 𝑢
𝐼= 𝑒 +k
2
1 𝑥2
𝐼 = 𝑒 +k
2
 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑒 −7𝑥
7) 𝐼 = න 𝑑𝑥
𝑒 7𝑥

𝐼 = න 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Definindo 𝑢 = 𝑒 −7𝑥 ⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = −7𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑑𝑥

1
𝐼= න 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑒 −7𝑥 (−7)𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑑𝑥
−7

1
𝐼 = − න 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
7

1
𝐼=− − cos 𝑢 + 𝑐
7
1
𝐼= 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑒 −7𝑥 + 𝑐
7
 2 (3𝑥)
8) 𝐼 = ‫𝑠𝑜𝑐 𝑒 ׬‬ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 6𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Definindo 𝑢 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 3𝑥 ⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠(3𝑥) cos 3𝑥 ′𝑑𝑥

⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠(3𝑥) −3)𝑠𝑒𝑛(3𝑥 𝑑𝑥

⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = −3 . 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥
⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = −3 𝑠𝑒𝑛 6𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Lembre que: sen 2θ = 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 θ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 θ
1 2
𝐼= න 𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3𝑥
(−3)𝑠𝑒𝑛 6𝑥 𝑑𝑥 Neste caso: θ = 3𝑥
−3
1
𝐼 = − න 𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
3
1 𝑢
𝐼 =− 𝑒 +𝑘
3
1 𝑐𝑜𝑠2(3𝑥)
𝐼=− 𝑒 +𝑘
3
 𝑡𝑔 ln(𝑥)
8) 𝐼 = න 𝑑𝑥
𝑥

1 1
𝐼 = න 𝑡𝑔 ln(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 𝐼 = − න 𝑑𝑣
𝑥 𝑣
1 𝐼 = −𝑙𝑛 𝑣 + 𝑘
Definindo: 𝑢 = ln(𝑥) ⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑥
𝐼 = −𝑙𝑛 cos 𝑢 + 𝑘
1
𝐼 = න 𝑡𝑔 ln(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝐼 = −𝑙𝑛 cos ln(𝑥) + 𝑘

𝐼 = න 𝑡𝑔 𝑢 𝑑𝑢

𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢)
𝐼=න 𝑑𝑢
cos(𝑢)

Definindo: 𝑣 = cos 𝑢 ⟹ 𝑑𝑣 = −𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢)𝑑𝑢

1 1
𝐼= න (−1)𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢)𝑑𝑢
−1 cos 𝑢
9) 𝐼 = න 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 4𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = න cos(4𝑥) 3
𝑠𝑒𝑛(4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

Definindo: 𝑢 = cos 4𝑥 ⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = −4𝑠𝑒𝑛(4𝑥)𝑑𝑥

1 3
𝐼= න cos(4𝑥) (−4)𝑠𝑒𝑛(4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
−4
1
𝐼 = − න 𝑢3 𝑑𝑢
4
1 𝑢4
𝐼=− +𝑘
4 4
1 4
𝐼=− cos 4𝑥 +𝑘
16
1
𝐼=− cos 4 (4𝑥) + 𝑘
16
10) 𝐼 = න 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 4𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝐼 = න 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 4𝑥 cos(4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

Lembre que: 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜃 = 1 ⟹ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = 1 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 𝜃

𝐼 = න 1 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 4𝑥 cos(4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

Definindo: 𝑢 = sen 4𝑥 ⟹ 𝑑𝑢 = 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠(4𝑥)𝑑𝑥

1
𝐼= න 1 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 4𝑥 4 cos(4𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
4

1
𝐼 = න 1 − 𝑢2 𝑑𝑢
4

1 𝑢3 1 sen3 (4𝑥)
𝐼= 𝑢− +𝑘 𝐼= sen 4𝑥 − +𝑘
4 3 4 3
11) 𝐼 = න 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 4𝑥 𝑑𝑥

1 1
Lembre que: 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 = + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝜃
2 2

1 1
𝐼=න + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 8𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 2

1 1
𝐼 = න 𝑑𝑥 + න 𝑐𝑜𝑠 8𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 2

1 1
𝐼 = 𝑥 + 𝑐1 + න 𝑐𝑜𝑠 8𝑥 8𝑑𝑥
2 2.8

1 1
𝐼= 𝑥 + 𝑐1 + න 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑣 𝑑𝑣
2 16
1 1
𝐼= 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑣 + 𝑘
2 16
1 1
𝐼= 𝑥+ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 8𝑥 + 𝑘
2 16