ICH 1201 Chemistry

Worksheet #5 (Thermodynamics)

(1 ) Calculate E for each of the following cases.

a) q=+51 kJ, w=-15 kJ
b) q=-65 kJ, w=-20 kJ
c) In which of these cases does the system do work on the surroundings?

(2) A sample of an ideal gas at 275 K occupies a volume of 42 L. The sample contracts to a
volume of 15 L at a constant pressure of 1.50 atm, while the heat of 2400 J is lost to the
surroundings. What is ΔE for this process?

(3) If 2.3x10-2 atm.L of work is done on a 10 ml volume of gas at a constant pressure of 4.2 atm,
what is the new volume of the gas?

(4) Calculate ∆H at 25 oC and 1.00 atm pressure for the following reaction.
2NO2 (g)  N2O4 (g) ∆E = -54.7 kJ

(5) Determine the ΔHo for each of these reactions. State whether each reaction is endothermic or
exothermic.

1. 2 CO(g) + O2(g)  2 CO2(g)

2. NaOH(s) + HCl(g)  NaCl(s) + H2O(g)
3. 2 H2S(g) + 3 O2(g)  2 H2O(l) + 2 SO2(g)

all exothermic since – H Explain them Hess’s law

(6) Predict whether the following processes are spontaneous as described, spontaneous in the
reverse direction, or in equilibrium
(a) When a piece of metal heated to 150 C is added to water at 40 C, the water gets hotter.
(b) Water at room temperature decomposes into H2(g) and O2(g).
(c) Benzene vapour, C6H6(g) at a pressure of 1 atm condenses to liquid benzene at the normal
boiling point of benzene, 80.1 C

(7) For each of the following reactions, indicate whether you would expect the entropy of the
system to increase or decrease. If you cannot tell by inspecting the equation, explain why.

(a) CH3OH(l) → CH3OH(g)

(b) N2O4(g) → 2 NO2(g)

(c) CO(g) + H2O(g) → CO2(g) + H2(g)

(d) 2 KClO3(s) → 2 KCl(s) + 3 O2(g)

(e) CH3COOH(l )→ CH3COOH(s)

(f) N2(g) + O2(g) → 2 NO(g)

(g) N2H4(l) → N2(g) + 2 H2(g)

(h) 2 NH3(g) + H2SO4(aq) → (NH4)2SO4(aq)