Summer Training Project

Prepared by: Bassam Nteifeh

Student ID: PC0025
Academic Supervisor: Dr.Yasser Abelmagd
0
Contents

Table of figures: .......................................................................................................................... 2

Chapter I ..................................................................................................................................... 5

1.1 Introduction: ................................................................................................................... 6

1.2 AL-Kayan partnership provides proffesional services: ............................................................ 7

1.3 Significant Projects: ............................................................................................................... 8

1.4 Letter of accpetance: ............................................................................................................. 9

Chapter II .................................................................................................................................. 10

2.1 Project details: .................................................................................................................... 11

2.1.1 Location of Project:........................................................................................................... 11

2.1.2 Archetecural plan: ............................................................................................................ 12

2.1.3 Structural Plan: ................................................................................................................. 13

Chapter III ................................................................................................................................. 14

Weekly Progress Report for Training ......................................................................................... 15

Chapter IV................................................................................................................................. 56

Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 56

1
Table of figures:

Figure 1:Project Feasibilty ........................................................................................................... 7

Figure 2: Architecture .................................................................................................................. 7
Figure 3: Engineering Supervision ................................................................................................ 7
Figure 4: Engineering Solution ..................................................................................................... 7
Figure 5: Interior Design .............................................................................................................. 7
Figure 6: Project Management Solution ...................................................................................... 7
Figure 7: Landscape and Infrastructural Design ........................................................................... 7
Figure 8: HR building for Saudi Airlines ........................................................................................ 8
Figure 9: HR building for Saudi Airlines ....................................................................................... 8
Figure 10: Exhibition Building ...................................................................................................... 8
Figure 11: Tala AL Ghadd School .................................................................................................. 8
Figure 12: Letter of acceptance ................................................................................................... 9
Figure 13: Project Location. (Google Maps) ............................................................................... 11
Figure 14: Basement 1 plan ....................................................................................................... 12
Figure 15: First floor plan .......................................................................................................... 12
Figure 16: Foundation Plan(Raft) ............................................................................................... 13
Figure 17: Strings for checking out the coordintaes ................................................................... 15
Figure 18: Preparing formworks and checking its inclination ..................................................... 16
Figure 19: Vibrators for spreading aggregates while casting ...................................................... 16
Figure 20: Setting up formworks................................................................................................ 17
Figure 21: Post tension slab ....................................................................................................... 17
Figure 22: Post tension wires ..................................................................................................... 18
Figure 23: Frame moment ......................................................................................................... 19
Figure 24: Simple supported beam ............................................................................................ 19
Figure 25: Frames of the theatre ............................................................................................... 19
Figure 26: Formworks of slab .................................................................................................... 20
Figure 27: post-tensioned slab that is ready to be casted .......................................................... 21
Figure 28: Concrete pump trucks ............................................................................................... 21
Figure 29: Casting Concrete on slab ........................................................................................... 21
Figure 30: Uniformly distributed aggregates .............................................................................. 21

2
Figure 31: Freshly casted slab .................................................................................................... 22
Figure 32: Total Station ............................................................................................................. 22
Figure 33: Overhanging beam.................................................................................................... 23
Figure 34: Simply supported beam ............................................................................................ 23
Figure 35: Overhanging Slab (cantileaver).................................................................................. 23
Figure 36: Casted overhanging slab ........................................................................................... 24
Figure 37: Preparing formworks for column .............................................................................. 24
Figure 38: equipment for removing rust .................................................................................... 25
Figure 39: equipment for removing rust .................................................................................... 25
Figure 40: Breaking the piles ..................................................................................................... 26
Figure 41: Wells for dewatering................................................................................................. 26
Figure 42: Formworks preparation ............................................................................................ 27
Figure 43: Slab openings............................................................................................................ 27
Figure 44: measuring the distance between formwork and string .............................................. 28
Figure 45: Horizantal strings for checking .................................................................................. 28
Figure 46: Reinforcing slab ........................................................................................................ 29
Figure 47: Casting concrete on columns .................................................................................... 30
Figure 48: Removing formworks of columns .............................................................................. 31
Figure 49: Indication points for the arch of the theatre ............................................................. 31
Figure 50: Putting blocks in a special way to make it more stable .............................................. 32
Figure 51: Cement for blocks ..................................................................................................... 32
Figure 52: Strings for checking blocks allignment ....................................................................... 33
Figure 53: Formworks preparation for first floor ........................................................................ 33
Figure 54: Reinforcing and post-tensioning for second floor ...................................................... 34
Figure 55: Excavation and dewatering ....................................................................................... 35
Figure 56: Freshly casted stair ................................................................................................... 35
Figure 57: block works in the theatre ........................................................................................ 36
Figure 58:Checking the blocks allignment .................................................................................. 36
Figure 59: Beam column intersection ........................................................................................ 37
Figure 60: 2nd floor slab ............................................................................................................ 38
Figure 61: plan of second floor slab ........................................................................................... 38
Figure 62: Using vibrators .......................................................................................................... 39

3
Figure 63: Pump's location ........................................................................................................ 39
Figure 64: Stair casting .............................................................................................................. 40
Figure 65: Slab casting ............................................................................................................... 40
Figure 66: Removing formworks from stairs .............................................................................. 41
Figure 67: Curing slab ................................................................................................................ 41
Figure 68: drop panel reinforcing .............................................................................................. 42
Figure 69: Beam stirrups ........................................................................................................... 43
Figure 70: dewatering and comapcting ...................................................................................... 43
Figure 71: Blockworks for basement 1 ....................................................................................... 44
Figure 72: Taking reading for tension cables .............................................................................. 45
Figure 73: Building walls for roof ............................................................................................... 45
Figure 74: Semi Column............................................................................................................. 46
Figure 75: Removing steel that holds formworks ....................................................................... 47
Figure 76: Steel ......................................................................................................................... 47
Figure 77: Post-tension wires .................................................................................................... 48
Figure 78: concrete small blocks ................................................................................................ 48
Figure 79: Main bottom steel direction ..................................................................................... 49
Figure 80: Strings for checking wall allignment .......................................................................... 49
Figure 81: Casting partially between blocks ............................................................................... 50
Figure 82: Casting through opening ........................................................................................... 50
Figure 83: Specialized equipment for filling post-tension slab .................................................... 51
Figure 84: Filling the voids inside the post-tension slab ............................................................. 51
Figure 85: Removing formowrks and building internal walls ...................................................... 52
Figure 86: Rotation of column ................................................................................................... 53
Figure 87: Water pump ............................................................................................................. 54
Figure 88: Optimum route for dewatering ................................................................................. 54
Figure 89: Casting the theatre ................................................................................................... 55

4
 Chapter I

Introduction of the
company and letters
of acceptance

5
1.1 Introduction:
About AL-Kayan engineering

Founded in 2010, AL-Kayan Medical aims at providing the health sector with top -notch,

high quality products. Headquartered in Saudi Arabia, we currently operate in several

regions throughout the country, including Riyadh, Medina, Abha and Dammam. Our

services and products are unique in a sense that helped us to build the proper reputation

since the date of establishment. Awarded ISO 2008/9001 for quality assurance, we feel

more pressure now to provide our customers with a quality service even post purchasing.

Our strategy is backed-up with highly sophisticated knowledge in the field of

architecture, solid engineering and detailed execution. Also, we take culture into

consideration, realizing that it is a core pillar in architecture. We are highly driven by the

pursuit of quality and uniqueness, and that makes us concerned about the physical context

of our projects. Above all, unique and top-quality designs are enjoyable services to

provide, they are fun to create and most importantly we find so much pleasure when

observing the reactions of our clients. We look to the future with a strong customer

platform and designing processes, both of which hold our past legacy, therefore the

Carriers market.

6
 1.2 AL-Kayan partnership provides proffesional services:

Figure 1:Project Feasibilty Figure 2: Architecture Figure 3: Engineering Supervision

Figure 4: Engineering Solution Figure 5: Interior Design Figure 6: Project Management Solution

Figure 7: Landscape and Infrastructural Design

7
1.3 Significant Projects:

Figure 8: HR building for Saudi Airlines Figure 9: HR building for Saudi Airlines

Figure 10: Exhibition Building Figure 11: Tala AL Ghadd School

8
1.4 Letter of accpetance:

Figure 12: Letter of acceptance

9
Chapter II

Project Details

10
2.1 Project details:

AL-Kayan partnership has assigned as a consultant of the project management agency of

University of business and technology to construct and renovate the university. The project has
many activities such as ( Dewatering, excavation, post tension, block works, and finishing).

2.1.1 Location of Project:

It’s located on the Corniche in JEDDAH, Saudi Arabia.

Figure 13: Project Location. (Google Maps)

11
2.1.2 Archetecural plan:

Figure 14: Basement 1 plan

Figure 15: First floor plan

12
2.1.3 Structural Plan:

Figure 16: Foundation Plan(Raft)

13
 Chapter III

Weekly Reports of
Activities

14
 Weekly Progress Report for Training
Week 1

Tasks ‫المهام‬ ‫التاريخ‬Date ‫اليوم‬Day

Introduced to the construction site project: ‫األحد‬

Sunday
- It is a university project
- It has four campuses
- Each campus has two basements and two floors and a roof
- The total area is 100 m x 100 m 3-3-2019
- It has a theater, running track and sports court
‫اإلثنين‬

Introduced to the site plans and maps including the architectural and structural Monday
drawings. The drawings have been mentioned previously in Chapter 2.
4-3-2019

Preparing columns for casting: ‫الثالثاء‬

Casting concrete on structural elements needs a formwork in order to Tuesday

shape it as mentioned in the design plan. Specific steps are required to make a
correct formworks set up:

1. Carpentry labors and site engineers are required to set up the formwork in
a correct manner.
2. There are two ways of checking the co-ordinates of columns:
A- By using a modern way such as the total station.
B- By using a traditional way such as strings.
3. A tradional way has been used in this site which is the string one.
4. Checking column positions by setting up strings horizontally on the first and
last colum in that row. Afterwards, the engineer measure the distances
between the string and the column. This distance has to be the same vaule
of the other column exactly so they can assure its located correctly. See Fig17

5-3-2019
Figure 17: Strings for checking out the coordintaes

15
 5. Checking column’s inclination by setting up a string vertically hanging by a
rock to make it stable. Next, measure the distance between the top of the
column and the string. This distance has to be exactly the same with the
bottom of the column and the string. As a result, if they distances are equal
then the column is perfectly verctical with no slopes. See Fig.18

Figure 18: Preparing formworks and checking its inclination

6. As a final step of casting the concrete, approval is required from the civil
engineer. Then, casting on each column partially while using vibrators to
spread the aggregates so the concrete bender (water+cement) can go
through the entire column.

Figure 19: Vibrators for spreading aggregates while casting

After casting the concrete on all columns, the correct time duration of removing ‫األربعاء‬
the formworks is 48 hours after being fully casted. Further steps are required
after removing formworks Wednesday

6-3-2019
1. Formworks of columns have been romeved in the site.

16
2. Curing the columns two times daily for a week minimum so the concrete
reach its maximum compressive stregnth.
3. The freshly casted columns are ready to carry the formworks load, so they
start putting the formworks for the slab. See in Fig 20

Figure 20: Setting up formworks

4. According to the schedule of project management, there are overlapped

activites such as reinforceing another slab of the other campus. See in Fig
21
5. They are preparing the post tension for the slab of the other campus so they
can cast it within the next two days. See in Fig 21

Figure 21: Post tension slab

17
 6. We have learned that the Post–tension cables are used in concrete
construction to allow thinner slabs and greater span lengths between
support columns. These cables, composed of steel wires inserted into a
plastic sheath, are subsequently "tensioned" and grouted after the concrete
is poured. See in Fig 22

Figure 22: Post tension wires

‫الخميس‬

Thursday
The activity of reinforcing slab of campus B and setting up formworks in campus
A are still in progress. Later on, it will be ready to be casted within few days. 7-3-2019

18
 ‫التاريخ‬ ‫اليوم‬
Tasks ‫المهام‬
Date Day

Based on the structural design, the theatre slab are supported by large frames for the 10-3-2019 ‫األحد‬
following reason: Sunday
1- Preventing any need for internal column in the theatre in order to not block the
audience views.
2- The structural reason for choosing frames rather than beams supported by
columns is that the positive moment of the frame is reduced because of the
connection between the column and the beam. Therefore, in long spans it’s
preferable to choose frames. See in Fig (23&24)

Figure 23: Frame moment Figure 24: Simple supported beam

3- The formworks of the theatre have been removed, and the length of the span is
around 25m. See in Fig24

Figure 25: Frames of the theatre

19
 4- The formworks of the post tension slab is prepared and ready for reinforcing.

Figure 26: Formworks of slab

Post-Tensioned Slab: ‫اإلثنين‬

In this site most of the slabs are post-tensioned. Nowadays, with the developling of Monday
technology, studies show that post-tensioned slab is the most adequate and suitable slab
in most cases. Why? There are many reasons:
1- The post tension cables/wires resist high tension force than the normal steel. so
it reduces the quantity of steel and reduces the thicknes of the slab. Therefore,
the post-tensioned slab cost less than the ordinary one.
2- It saves height from floor to floor with the decrease of slab thickness.
3- Post-tensioned slab show reduce cracking and improved durability. Their
deflection can be controlled by varying the amount of post-tensioning to balance
any portion of applied loads immediately after being stressed. 11-3-2019

20
In this day, the steel reinforcement are prepared and post-tensioned and it’s ready to be
casted tomorrow.

Figure 27: post-tensioned slab that is ready to be casted

After midnight, Trucks and mixers have arrived for casting concrete. In this procedure ‫الثالثاء‬
there are some steps have to be taken correctly to perform a correct casting. Tuesday
𝟑
1- Each truck mixer have to deliver a freshly 10 𝒎 of concrete.
2- A slump test has to be applied to approve that the concrete is adequate for
casting.
3- The aggregate must be distributed uniformly by using vibrators. See in Fig30
4- The pump is has to be set up in a specific distance to avoid breaking the
formworks of slab.
5- Casting concrete should be divided into two or three stages to avoid the
formworks from collapsing.

Figure 28: Concrete pump trucks Figure 29: Casting Concrete on slab Figure 30: Uniformly distributed
aggregates
12-3-2019

21
On the same day of casting the concrete it got hardened and they started to cure it with ‫األربعاء‬
water two times a day for a week to reach its maximum compressive strength. Fig31 Wednesdy

If the slab reached it maximum compressive strength, the formworks can be removed
at that time.

Figure 31: Freshly casted slab

The surveyor is checking out if the co-ordinates of the columns are adjusted as the same
as plan by using a total station. So, an approval is required by the surveyor before setting
up the formworks.

Figure 32: Total Station 13-3-2019

22
The structural designer made some changes in the plan: ‫الخميس‬
They have added a cantilever to reduce the moment on the simply support beam by Thursday
making it continues beam. Therefore, the positive moment will be reduced. See Fig 33

Figure 35: Simply supported beam

Figure 33: Overhanging beam

Figure 34: Overhanging Slab (cantileaver) 14-3-2019

23
 ‫التاريخ‬ ‫اليوم‬
Tasks ‫المهام‬
Date Day

 The overhanging slab (cantilever) has been casted and they are curing it. 17-3-2019 ‫األحد‬
 After the approval of the surveyor for the co-ordinates of the columns which are Sunday
located on the post tension slab, they are preparing its formworks.

Figure 36: Casted overhanging slab Figure 37: Preparing formworks for column

The project is located near by the sea, so the humid air affect the steel bars and it will
rust it. There is a solution for this problem:
There is a specialized equipment for removing the steel bar rust (‫)الرمالة‬, it removes the
rust by erosion and reduces its diameter. Hence, the diameter of steel bar is factored so
there is no consequences of reducing its diameter by 2mm for example.

24
 Figure 38: equipment for removing rust

Figure 39: equipment for removing rust

This project is on costal area, so during the excavation process they found a large amount ‫اإلثنين‬
of water. To solve this problem, a dewatering activity is required:-
Monday
1- They have brought wells and pumps to dewater the area. See in Fig41 18-3-2019
2- They have separated the project area into two parts A and B.

25
3- They have made piles between A and B to remove the water from A and conserve
it in B. Why? Because there are governmental limitaion for remoivng specific
amount of water and they cannot delay the project for this problem. So they made
alternative solution for this which is piles.
4- After finishing part A, they start breaking the piles so they can connect the rafts
between A and B. See in Fig40

Figure 41: Breaking the piles

Figure 40: Wells for dewatering

26
 1- Excavation and dewatering are still in progress. ‫الثالثاء‬
2- They are setting up the steel that holds the formworks of the post tension slab. Tuesday

Figure 42: Formworks preparation

3- The opening in the slab are for air conditioning and circulation. See in Fig43

Figure 43: Slab openings 19-3-2019

In any construction project, there are some repeated activities such as formworks, ‫األربعاء‬
reinforcing, casting and etc... Wednesdy

1- After of setting up for the formwork of the columns, they are checking its
inclination by using strings. For example, the column in Fig44 the top distance
between the string and formwork was 29.6 cm and the bottom distance was also 20-3-2019

27
 29.6 cm. Therefore, there is no inclination and it’s ready to be casted. See in
Fig44.

Figure 44: measuring the distance between formwork and string

2- They are checking the positions of the column by setting up strings horizantally
and measure the distances between the strings and the columns. All distances
must be equal so they can get approved by the civil engineer for casting. See in
Fig45

Figure 45: Horizantal strings for checking

28
 3- They are reinforcing the slab on the second floor and using sprayed lines for
indication where to put the post-tensioned wires/cables. See in Fig46

Figure 46: Reinforcing slab

After getting the approval of the civil engineer for the casting concrete on columns, ‫الخميس‬
They have brought pump and mixer trucks. See in Fig47
Thursday
Setting up the time for casting concrete is really important:
1- There is a chemical reaction between bender (water+cement) and filler
(sand+gravel) that releases heat so the weather cannot be more than 35 C.
2- The heat of the weather can evaporize the water in the concrete which causes
less compressive strength for the concrete.
3- In early morning, trucks and mixers can easily be delievered in that time
because there is no traffic in transportaion.
4- The government has set up specific time for trucks and large vehicles so the
project manager has to put it in consideration.

21-3-2019

29
Figure 47: Casting concrete on columns

30
 ‫التاريخ‬ ‫اليوم‬
Tasks ‫المهام‬
Date Day

1- They removed the formworks of the freshly casted columns. 24-3-2019 ‫األحد‬
2- Curing the column twice a day for a week to reach its maximum compressive
Sunday
strength.

Figure 48: Removing formworks of columns

According to the project time table: ‫اإلثنين‬

1- They have brought cement blocks to the site. Monday

2- The surveyor has used total station to determine the points of arch of the theatre.

Figure 49: Indication points for the arch of the theatre 25-3-2019

31
1- They are doing the blockworks for the walls. ‫الثالثاء‬
2- They are using a unique way for setting up the blocks to make it more stable. Tuesday
See in Fig 50
3- They put cement between blocks to make it cohesive.
4- Strings are used for making sure the wall is perfectly aligned. See in Fig 53

Figure 50: Putting blocks in a special way to make it more stable

Figure 51: Cement for blocks 26-3-2019

32
 Figure 52: Strings for checking blocks allignment

1- They are preparing the formworks of the drop panel and the slab of the ground ‫األربعاء‬
floor. Wednesdy
2- They are reinforcing and post-tensioning the second-floor slab.

Figure 53: Formworks preparation for first floor 27-3-2019

33
 Figure 54: Reinforcing and post-tensioning for second floor

‫الخميس‬

Thursday
The activities fom past day are still in progress. 28-3-2019

34
 ‫التاريخ‬ ‫اليوم‬
Tasks ‫المهام‬
Date Day

Excavation and dewatering are still in progress. 31-3-2019 ‫األحد‬

Sunday

Figure 55: Excavation and dewatering

They have casted stairs and removed the formworks. Next, they are curing it.

Figure 56: Freshly casted stair

35
1- After finishing of detecting the points of arch by the survayor, they are setting up ‫اإلثنين‬
the block works in the theatre in arch shape. See in Fig57
Monday
2- We have learned how to allign the blocks as determind in the plan by using a string
hanged with a solid object. See in Fig58

Figure 57: block works in the theatre

Figure 58:Checking the blocks allignment 1-4-2019

36
During reinforcing process for column and beam, the stirrups of the beam start right ‫الثالثاء‬
after the intersection with the column. Because the shear force of the beam at the Tuesday
intersection is resisted by the column. Therefore, no need to put stirrups to resist shear
force for the beam. See in Fig59

Figure 59: Beam column intersection

2-4-2019

‫األربعاء‬

Wednesdy
3-4-2019

37
They are checking the reinforcement steel and the post tension of the roof slab if it’s
placed as stated in the plan

Figure 60: 2nd floor slab

Figure 61: plan of second floor slab

38
 ‫الخميس‬

1- Overnight, They are casting the second floor slab includingthe stairs. Thursday
2- They are using vibrators to spread the aggreagates uniformly.
3- The placement of the pump is 1 meter away from the plywood formwork so it
cannot collaps or break by the pump’s pressure.
4- They cast on two or three stages for the formwork safety.

Figure 62: Using vibrators

Figure 63: Pump's location 4-4-2019

39
 Figure 64: Stair casting

Figure 65: Slab casting

40
 ‫التاريخ‬ ‫اليوم‬
Tasks ‫المهام‬
Date Day

1- They removed the formworks of the stairs and post-tensioned slab. 7-4-2019 ‫األحد‬
2- They are curing it by water twice a day for a week so the concrete reaches its
Sunday
maximum compressive strength.

Figure 66: Removing formworks from stairs

Figure 67: Curing slab

41
In flat slabs there are no drop beams, so the loads(Dead + live) are going directly to the ‫اإلثنين‬
columns, which result high shear force to the slab. In structural desgin, drop panel is one
Monday
of the solution for resisting punching shear and there are some steps for making drop panel
in the site:

1- Small concrete blocks must be put under the bottom reinforcment for securing
concrete cover.
2- the bottom steel web ends with L shape for carrying the top reinforcement of the
slab. See in Fig68
3- The form of the drop panel cannot be less than half of the slab thickness.
4- While casting, a vibrator must be used for spreading aggregates.

Figure 68: drop panel reinforcing

Shear force in beams are located at the edge of the span more than the middle span.
Therefore, the stirrups for resisting shear force are placed at the edges of the beam more
than the middle of the beam. See Fig 69

8-4-2019

42
 Figure 69: Beam stirrups

In the excavation process: ‫الثالثاء‬

1- They have brought gravel to strengthen the soil and eliminating the voids by Tuesday
using a compactor.
2- They are still in the dewatering process.
3- They are in the process of blockworks in the first basement.

Figure 70: dewatering and comapcting 9-4-2019

43
 Figure 71: Blockworks for basement 1

There are steps for post-tensioning wires/cabels need to be in consideration: ‫األربعاء‬

Wednesdy
1- First, taking samples of the concrete to the lab and checking if it has exceeded
the safe stress which is 27 MPA.
2- Afterwards, they use a specialized equipment for tensioning the steel wires. See
Fig72
3- Taking out the readings and put it in pre-made excel sheets to check if it’s safe or
not.
4- After getting the approval, they cut the extended wires and they close the
opening by using cement.

10-4-2019

44
 Extended
Opening wires

Equipment for taking

out readings

Figure 72: Taking reading for tension cables

1- They are bulding walls for the roof using cement blocks (20x40)cm ‫الخميس‬
2- They are using semi column in the midspan to srengthen the connection
between the walls. See Fig 74 Thursday

Figure 73: Building walls for roof 11-4-2019

45
‫شمعة‬

Figure 74: Semi Column

46
 ‫التاريخ‬ ‫اليوم‬
Tasks ‫المهام‬
Date Day

They are removing the steel that holds the formworks of the freshly casted slab 14-4-2019 ‫األحد‬
gradually because it hasn’t reached it maximum compressive strength. For roof slabs
that do not carry loads you can remove the formworks earlier than the slab that carry Sunday
loads such as another floor.

Figure 75: Removing steel that holds formworks

They brought steel to the site to reinforce the slab ‫اإلثنين‬

Monday

Figure 76: Steel

15-4-2019

47
They brought post-tension wires ready to be cut and placed

Figure 77: Post-tension wires

They put the concrete small blocks on the formwork every 70 cm to secure a cover for ‫الثالثاء‬
the slab. Therefore, the steel won’t be appeared after casting and it cannot be rusted. Tuesday

‫بسكونة‬

Figure 78: concrete small blocks

16-4-2019

48
In flat slab, the maximum positive moment will be located in the longer dimension of the
slab. So, the main bottom steel will be on the longer dimension. And the top
reinforcement must be the opposite direction of the bottom web. See Fig.79

‫فرش‬ ‫الغطاء‬

Figure 79: Main bottom steel direction

1- They are checking the alignment of the roof walls by using strings. See Fig.80 ‫األربعاء‬

Wednesdy

Figure 80: Strings for checking wall allignment 17-4-2019

49
2- They casted concrete to the theatre between the blocks partially.See Fig.81
3- They are casting by using a pump going through the opening in order to cast
internally.see Fig.82

Figure 81: Casting partially between blocks

Figure 82: Casting through opening

50
After finishing the testing of post-tensioned slab. They use a specialized equipment that ‫الخميس‬
produces chemicals which are in a liquid state then transform into a solid state.To fill the
Thursday
void inside the post-tension wires openings. Therefore, the humid air cannot rust the steel
bars. See fig. (83&84)

Figure 83: Specialized equipment for filling post-tension slab

Figure 84: Filling the voids inside the post-tension slab

18-4-2019

51
 ‫التاريخ‬ ‫اليوم‬
Tasks ‫المهام‬
Date Day

The datum of this project has been taken from the average level of the street. They 21-4-2019 ‫األحد‬
took it as a reference.
Sunday
During the excavation project:
They have reached the foundation level and what’s left is dewatering only. After
finishing dewatering, there are some steps are required to reach the ground floor level:

1- Subbase 20.0cm
2- Plain concrete 20.0cm
3- Raft 1.0m
4- Basment one 3.30m
5- Basment two 3.80m

They have removed the formworks of the slab and they started to build internal walls ‫اإلثنين‬
inside it.
Monday

Figure 85: Removing formowrks and building internal walls

22-4-2019

52
In any construction project, the columns are the most important structural element. It’s ‫الثالثاء‬
very critical to design columns for building. We have learned about the reason of why Tuesday
the columns are rotated. The orientation of column may not affect the vertical forces,
but the lateral forces have to be counteracted and greater section modulus of column is
expected in the direction of lateral bending moment. So, the larger face for larger
moment.

Larger
direction in
the X-axis

Larger
direction in
the y-axis

Figure 86: Rotation of column

23-4-2019

A new pump is being held by the crane to be conneted to the water on the ground so ‫األربعاء‬
they can continue the dewatering process. See in Fig 87 Wednesdy

They are trenching the soil to accumulate the corse aggregates to suck the water in a
frictionless way. See Fig 88

As, a result they are making ana optimum pipes route for dewatering.

24-4-2019

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 Figure 87: Water pump

Figure 88: Optimum route for dewatering

54
 ‫الخميس‬

The previous activities are still in progress. Thursday

They have finished casting the theatre. See fig 89

Figure 89: Casting the theatre 25-4-2019

55
Chapter IV

Conclusion

56
 In the end, the overall experience of our training was outstanding and it helped us
tremendously in our field. The experience made all of the scientific information we have learned
from our studies into a work-related reality. It was a pleasure and an honor to have worked with
Al-Kayan Group and special thanks to everyone in the company that helped us during our training.
Last but not least, a huge thanks to Dr. Yasser Abelmagd and everyone in the University of Business
and Technology for helping us in achieving our goal.

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