(Qyood Wanshwson Blood Products + Whole Blood. + Plasma Reduced Blood. + Fresh Frozen Plasma. + Platelets concentrate. + Cryoprecipitate. ® Wr LJood 4) QD Plasma yealucsl celp- anemia» Fe chal Ned “Gah ‘Some tips on Red cell Transfusion DO NOT TRANSFUSE RED BLOOD CELLS: + for volume expansion + in place of a hematinic + to enhance wound healing + to improve general "well-being" ® wlan i Plagyne Le ynain indicohor "S veAleG ne elaltisy —fecforQ) pl pe Gateanhrote indicote ter 6¥ imal Pctelet ras eX] agama, ashen. Cl 34 Prone lre HrolaRn'e Po Ree, ®© ep Porc Phebe C pcoetn S Vote gz ®) PAlonnegen indicate tf: on} daficor of prese Oe oe TRANSFUSION REACTIONS 04) Definition of TR: * A transfusion reaction is any unfavourable transfusion-related event occurring in a patient during or after transfusion of a blood component.» RA occurring within minutes or hours of starting transfusion. These maybe hemolytic, febrile, or due to contaminated blood. + occurring usually several days, weeks or months following transfusion. These may again be hemolytic, post-transfusion purpura, or transmission of diseases. Ds PL React - Immediate Hemolytic Tx reaction, - Febrile Tx reactions. - Transfusion associated Acute Lung q )) Injury. - Bacterially Contaminated blood. nf ) - Circulatory overload, )) Allergic and Anaphylactoid reactions.Delayed Reactions: * Delayed Hemolytic reactions od + Post-transfusion Purpura. CaS * Transmission of Disease. + Iron overload. * Alloimmunization. a) Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion reaction: + Usually not predictable or preventable. + Is due to previous sensitization of the recipient to one or more Ag by previous Transfusion, or pregnancy. + Transfusion of blood containing the appropriate Ag, will trigger a brisk anamnestic response. + Within days (@S24IGAYS) the antibody will rise with Extravascular removal of transfused cels* and witha triad of fever (with or without chills), hyperbilirubinemia, and RULES ——— Infections transmittable by transfusion + HIV. + Hepatitis B virus. + Hepatitis C virus. + Malaria. + CMV. + Syphilis.Immediate Investigation in a suspected HTR (Hemolytic transfusion reaction): 1. Clerical Checks. 2. Visual inspection: Observe the unit and its attached tubing and the filters for hemolysis or clots from nonimmunological causes. 3. Direct Coomb’s Test: A negative results is not exclusive. Note: massive transfusion as explained by D Ahmad a) * While a unit of blood can be used for up to 5 weeks, but it contains no platelets or clotting factors. * Thus, giving a lot of blood will dilute them, predisposing to bleeding and the patient may keep bleeding. * Hence, prophylactic PLT and plasma is given in patients requiring massive transfusion.