UNIVERSITY OF ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES, SUNYANI, GHANA, ‘SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND LAW DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGES AND GENERAL STUDIES LEVEL 200 END OF FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATIONS 2019/2020 ‘UENR 201: ANALYTICAL READING, REASONING AND CRITICAL THINKING December, 2019 Time: 2 Hours Materials Required: ONE ANSWER BOOKLET ‘ SECTION A ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THIS SECTION. 18 MARKS Choose the option which best answers each of the following questions, 1. The smallest unit of a sentence isthe A. clause B. word C phrase D. noun 2, The group of words on the mountain is a A. phrase B. sentence Cword D. clause 3. The meaning of a word can be affected by other words surrounding it. Therefore, the appropriate way to interpret a word is Aadictionary B. isolation . its context D, guess work Kwarteng Donkor, Rai, Grumah, Baah, Agyemang, Issaks4, The most striking contributory factor to students’ limited vocabulary is their lack of A. dictionaries t B. books tren i = a C. reading. iy 3 D. learning - fers | 5. One of the benefits of keeping a personal journal is A. tokeep a dictionary B. reading of many books C lack of self-reflection D. a sense of responsibility 6, Weiters often focus their message around a central idea which is captured ina sentence. This sentence often appears in the A. body B. introduction C. conclusion D. paragraphs 7, How is the sentence that expresses the central dea of a paragraph called? A. thesis sentence BB. major support sentence C. topic sentence 'D, minor support sentence 8,"‘The great masses of people willmore easily fll victim 1a big He than 114 small ne” This statement suggests that not many people are A. deep thinkers B. big liars . vietims D. simple minded ‘Agyemang, Issaka kwarteng Donkor, Ral, Grumah,9. When a statement can be proved tne o false, then i is a/an A. opinion B. judgement C. prediction D. fact : 10, An effort to justify a particular epnelusions fan A. argument . B opinion fact D, fallacy 11 When one generalizes one's conclusion itis an indication ofa particular reasoning known as A. abduction B. deduction C. induction D. analog Statement |: All X are Y Statement; All Z are X Statement 3: Therefore, AvallZ are Y B. some Z are not X C. not all Z are Y D, none of Y is X 15, The argument used in question 12s called A. fallacy B. induction C syllogism D. analogy warteng Donkor, Ral, Grumah, Baah, Agyemang, Issaka14, Stereotypes occur as a result of A. generalization B. wrong deduction C. wrong abduction D. overgeneralization 1S. People who question what they read or hear are ‘A. troublesome B. quarrelsome C. analytical D. controversial 16: One attribute of creative thinking is that itis ‘A, procedural B. generative C. systematic D. limited 17. One barrier to critical and analytical thinking isthe reluctance to criticise experts. True /False 18. When one has deep knowledge about a subject, it can be a barrier to critical and analytical thinking, True/False 19, In deductive reasoning the conclusion is generalized, True/False 20. A sample is misteading unless itis representative of the population. True/False Kwarteng Donkor, Ral, Grumah, Baah, Agyemang, IssakaMatch the words/phrases in column A to the appropriate meaning in column B by writing the corresponding letter in your answer booklet. . [ [| covumna’ ] ~_, | COLUMN B [leas A he wag ams aang sory orFocout ical Y | events. | = | Beis a word or phrase whose meaning is Exposito s | | 4 repetitive in the text. | This Form oF argument involves reasoning from | Non-scholarly particular facts or observations to draw fe Sue ow yy | eonusons | 23 | bout general principles aha | tothe wating ims at aforming, enlightening oF DoThe writing aims at informing, enlightening or je eae «| teetng treads. J EA sentence which states the main idea of @ 25 eae 1) Narrative sli sraarin FLA sentence which communicates the water's | Beso | Y | purpose ina piece of writing Population i FLA statement which ean be provedirue or face | T This form of argument is based on Iogic, | Thesis pf the premises are true, then the conclusion “ must | also be true. pa TA large collection of individuals or objects that is the main focus of a scientific research Cis ny oe TTC Wy Feet apis wo mite sa er and dont ney bs ma | | ferenes ores ai, Grurah, Baah, Agyemang, Isak warteng Donkor,SECTION B ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS — 20 MARKS Read the following passage and ansver the questions on Have you ever given thought to how an egg is made? I is quite a complicated as well as orderly Process, a fascinating one, The development of an egg takes place in the ovary and oviduct Chickens have only one ove he left side, Certain wild birds, however, have two ovaries and_ oaks ay eee an be likened to a bunch of grapes, with the many ova in ‘various stages of development. The most ova ever found in one chicken was 3,065, and the greatest number of eggs any one chicken laid in her lifetime, as far as observed by man, is said to have been 1,515 in eight years The egg-producing process ofa chicken takes about twenty-four hours. In Less than an hour after 8 chicken has laid an egg another yolk has reached its full size, at which time it consists of six \__Iavers. In wild birds the sixth layer depends upon the presence ofa male bird. IFno male birdison —* hand the female cannot produce her egg. Domestic fowl, though, can keep on laying exes without _ever seeing a Tooster. Can there be any purpose in this? Indeed, there is. The purpose served by ‘wild bird in laying eggs is the reproduction of their species, and so the presence of the male is required for mating. But domestic chickens also lay eggs for human consumption, and for this purpose a male bid is not needed. Once the yoik:has been fully formed or is ripe, it drops off the ovarian stem into the oviduct or egg, tube, which consists of several sections. In the first section, known as the iiundibulum, the egg is fertilized ifthe chicken has mated. Its stay inthis section is but a matter of minutes; then it passes to the next section, the magnum. As the ezg moves through this section the albumin is added, layer ‘upon layer, four in all, a process that takes about Four hours, By then it has also reached the next seetion, the ihm, where two membranes, an inner and an outer, are added to cover the albumin layers ‘These latter two membranes are completed in about an hour and ten minutes, then the egg reaches the uterus or shell gland, where it tarries for some nineteen hours. When the outer and inner membranes were first added they fit smugly over the egg, but soon they loosen up and so in the ‘uterus the first five hours are consumed in filling out the membranes with water and minerals, a process termed “plumping” the egg. Then for the next fourteen hours several layers of eggshell are added. After thatthe cuticle or skin is supplied, giving the egg its characteristic colour. The ege then moves on to the vagina and is expelled by the chicken, kKwarteng Donkor, Ral, rumah, Saah, Agyemang, Isaka aeFurthermore, the producing of an egsbell presents quia challenge to chicken, The blood of @ iaying chicken at any one time contains only 25 milligrams of calcium (nondayers and roosters fave ony sbout onethird as much), yet wile producing en exgsel the chicken uses 125 milligrams per hour. Wher, then, does she get this extra calcium? The orginal source of cours feahe food she eas, the chicken extracting the calcium from he intestines, But sil shes unable to absorb calcium from this source as quickly a she needs it So whet does she do She draws it from calcium reserves found inthe ‘medullary bones’ located Seoanine cavities of most of her regular bones. These seeondary bones are not found in male vekens or in chickens too young or oo old to lay eggs. This system iss efficent that het cri ting au much a 10 percent ofthe otal calcium inher bones i one day iter det i wey snonicum, However, i her det continues lw, se cannot kep its up ands it compere ells Ifa serious shortage of calcium persists, the chicken quits laying by laying eggs with thinner she altogether rather than laying eggs without hells. Who taught her how fo B0¥ ‘extra bomes 50 a8 f0 ‘have sufficient calcium for eggshells? 1. Provide another word that can perfectly replace the fllowing in he passa8= ‘Complicated Fascinating, Tarries Snugly Expelled How many days does it “Why is producing an eggshell a great challenge ‘What is one main difference between domestic Provide an appropriate title For the passage. take a chicken to produce an €86 forthe chicken? chicken and other wild birds? warteng Donkor, Ral, Grumaly Banh, Reverané IssakaSECTION C ANSWER ONLY ONE QUESTION. YOUR ANSWER SHOULD BE ABOUT 300 WORDS LONG. -25 MARKS age Ge’ te er it TS hnihave sin Ghana's capital continues to suffer the loss of ives and property as a result of ts oiege perennial floods, largely caused by human factors, As @ critical and creative thinker, = 2rov Thsposd outline at least three solutions for this problem. of ehusey 2. ‘The population of the University of Eneray and Natural Recourses swells, putting 00 much pressure on its limited infrastructure, thereby affecting the quality of teaching and learning and the overall running of the University, With no funds available, discuss three ‘ways you Would solve this problem. 3. On December 17,2019, Ghana goes to the polls on referendum to determine whether local government representatives, including Metropolitan, Municipal, and District Chiet Executives should be elected on party lines or as individuals. Outline three reasons why voters must vote YES or NO kwarteng Donkor, Ral, Grumah, Baah, Agyemang, Issaka