CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 Target ITT-JEE Academy MATHEMATICS (041) ote « * » Any 9 Question CHAPTER-01 @ RELATIONS AN: RELATIONS 1. Show that the relation R in the set Z of integers given by divides (a — b)} is an equivalence relation. Sok Given, R = {(a,b) : 2 divides a—b} To prove equivalence relation, it is necessary ¢ give relation should be reflexive, symmetric and transitive. Reflexivity: Let ‘a’ be an arbitrary Then, a €Z=3a-a Symmetric: Let ( = ivi i kf ABR, for some —k eZ ND) € R, forall a,b €Z WS 2 symmnetc on i cel(@,b) € Rand (b,c) € R for all a,b,c €Z 2 divides a — band 2 divides b —¢ = ky and = ky for some ky, kp € Z By adding above two equations, we get Pe eekth = ky + kp, Here ky + ky €Z > 2 divides ac = (a,c) ER, foralla,ceZ So, Ris transitive on Z. ‘Therefore, R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive. Hence, Ris an equivalence relation on Z, > > 1lPage COPrepared by-¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se., B.Ed. (+918985651155) EQCLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 2. Show that each of the relation R in the set A = {x € Z: 0 |a — b|is divisible by 4 and |b — c| is divisible by 4. > |a— b| = 4m and [b — c| = 4p where m,p € Z. = a—b=+4mandb —c = +4p where m,p € Z. = (a—b) + (b—c) = 44(m +p) > a-c=+4m +p) = |a—cl =4(m +p) That is |a — c| is also divisible by 4. So, Ris Since the relation R is reflexive, symmetric and tran! equivalence relation. 3. Prove that the relation R in the set A = (1,2,3, 7) {(@,b): |a-_b| is even} isan equivalence relation, Sok We have R = {(a, b): |a — b] is even) D = (1,2,3,4,5,6,7). Reflexivity: » Ja — al = 0 which is a(@ayeR So, Ris refl Symmetry: Let (a, b) € es en which means |b — al is also even. R. Therefore, R is symmetric are even, n, where m,n © Z +2n —c=42m+2n 2(m +n) clis even tis, (a,c) € R. So, Ris transitive. Hence R is equivalence relation. 4. LetR bea relation on the set A of ordered pairs of positive integers defined by (x,y) R (u,) ifand only if xv = yu. Show that R is an equivalence relation. (OR) Let A = N x W be the set of all ordered pairs of natural numbers and R be the relation on the set A defined by (a,b) R (c, d) if f ad = bc. Show that R is an equivalence relation. Sok: Itis given that set A of ordered pair of integers defined by (a, b) R (c,d) if and only if ad = be For reflexive: Let (a,b) be an arbitrary element of the set N x N. 21Page EOPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. 8.€d. (+918985551185)E0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 (a,b) EN XN 3 a,b EN = ab = ba = (a,b) R (a,b) + Ris reflexive on N x N. For symmetric: Let (a,b) and (c,d) € N x N such that (a,b) R (c,d). Then, (a,b) R (c,d) 3 ad = be > be = ad > ch =da> (c,d) R (a,b) + Ris symmettic on N x N. For transitive: Let (a, b), (c,d) and (¢, f) € N x N such that (a, b) R (c,d) and (c,d) R (e,f). Then, (a,b) R (c,d) and (c,d) R (e, f) > ad = be and cf = de Multiplying the corresponding sides, we get > (ad)(cf) = (be)(de)> af = be > (a,b Ris Since, Ris reflexive, synumettie and tansitive. So, R is an equivalent 5. Let A = (1,2,3,...,9} and R be the relation in A x A defined by (a, td=bte for (a,b), (c,d) in A x A. Prove that Ris an equivalence relation. Sok Given that A = (1, 2,3,...,9} and R — A x Adefine (a,b)R(c,d) ifa+d =b +, for (a,b Hence, R is reflexi Sbtcsatd = c+b=d +a [By commutativity of addition on N] > (c,@)R(a,b) So, Ris symmetric relation on A x A. (a,b), (c,d), (e,f) €4 x A such that (a,b) R(c,d) and (c,d)R(e, f). Then, (a,b)R(c,d) and (¢, DRC, f) Satd=b+cadc+fadte S(atd+(c+ f= ++ +e) satfabte 3 (a,DR(e,f) So, R is tansitive relation A x 4 (or) Let (a,b) R(c.d) and (c,d)R(e. f) sat+d=b+candc+f=d te satd =b+canddt+te=ct+f 31Page EOPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se.. B.Ed. (9189855511550CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 S(atd)-(dte)=(b+e)-C+f/) >a-e=b-f satfabte 3 (a,b) Ref) So, R is transitive relation A x A. Hence, R is an equivalence relation. 6. Show that the relation R in the set defined by NV x N defined by (a,b) R(c, d) iff a? + d? = b* +c, va,b,c,d €N, is an equivalence relation. Sol: Given, the relation R in the set defined by N x N defined by (@.b)R(c, d) iff a? +d? = b? +02, Vab,cd EN For reflexive: Let (a,b) € Nx N.Then as a? + b? = b? +g? (a, b)R(a,b) So, R is reflexive For symmetric: Let (a,b), (c,d) € NX N be such thay Thenas a? + d? = For Transitive: Let (a,b), (c,d), (es ch that (a, b)R(c,d) and (c,d)R(e, f). Then asg? + d? = ind c? + f? = d? +e? COMP =? +c? +d? +e? 2 =p? te? a, BIR(C, f) is transitive. ‘tric as well as transitive so, R is an equivalence relation. natural numbers and Re the relation on N x N defined by (a, b)R(c, d) d), Show that R is an equivalence relation. given as ad(b +c) = be(a +d) 1 (a, b) be an arbitrary element of N x NV. Then, Let (a,b) EN x N = ab(b + a) = bala + b) > (a, b)R(ab) So, Ris reflexive on N x WN. ‘Symmetry: Let (a,b), (c,d) € N X N such that (a, b)R(c,d). Then, (a,b)R(c,d) 3 ad(b +c) = be(a + d) > da(c +b) = cb(d +a) [By commutativity of multiplication on N] > ch(d + a) = date +b) [By commutativity of addition on N] alPage Eprepared by:V.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., 8.€d. (,91898sssiiss) MQCLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 > (ed)R(ab) So, R is symmetric on N x N. ‘Transitivity: Let (a,b), (c,d), (e,f) € N XN such that (a, b)R(c,d) and (c,d)R(e, f). Then, Now, (a, b)R(c,d)and (¢, d)R(e, f) > ad(b +c) = be(a + d) and cf (d + e) = de(e+ f) adibte) _ volard) ., of tse) ‘abcd ne = bee _ ata = be(f +a) =af(e +, Saf(bte)= RS . Let A = R- {3}andB = R Pca = bf one-one and onto? Ji (OR) Let A = R - {3}, 8 i. vx € A. Then, show that fis bijective. Sok Given that, B= R—(1}. f:A + Bis defined by f(x) = = Fs) HD = 2 D5 (x, — 2y(45— 3) = (4 -2)064-3) =3) @2-3) 3 XyXy — 3, — 2x, +6 = xX, — Bx, — 2, +6 33x, - 2x, = 3x, - 2x, 3-4, = ty = So, f (x) is an infective function. For subjectivity: Let y € B (co-domain). Then, f(x) = y. te xy -3y3x(1-y) =2-3yax5 [Co-domain] Thus, for every y € B (co-domain) there exists x ie A such that f(x) = y. This means that each element in co-domain has its pre-image in domain. So, f:R > R is an onto function. g1Page COPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se.. 8.€d. (918985551155)CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 So, f (2) is surjective fumetion. Hence, f(x) is a bijective fimetion, 9. Leta = R- {2} and B = R- {2}. 1f fA B defined by f(x) = 24, then prove that function f is one-one and onto. : Ww. . = =r- =r-3 Sok Weluve, f:A > B defined by f(x) = 4, Here, A = R — {2} and B = R - {2} Infectivity: Let ay x2 € A such that flay) = Ft) Thats, San? an 3 (2x — Bx — 2) = Bx - )Qx—1) > 6x,x2 — 4x, — Bxy +2 = Gry — 3x, — dary +2 3m =m SSH f(%) is one-one function Surjectivity: Let y = f(x),y €B ‘Thatis, y = Bxy — ly = 2x1 = Bxy — 2x 2: >x@y-2)=2y-15x=2 x eA Clearly, y € Bforall x € A. That implies, ra So, f is onto, CHAPTER-03 12 1. Forwhat valueofxis(1 2 ale Sol: We have, [1 2 als =0>f1 2 1) = [44 2x + 2x] =0> 4x +4=05x% 2. Find'x, if [x s oe ‘]=0> 1-0-2 0-10-0 ze-5-alft]= 1 1 Sok We have, [x 0 = [(x = 2)x — 10(4) + (2x -8)(1)] = — 48) xilt x ni 5 aes 1s 3 2. 14+6+42x x ala ilf}- O=[1 x 1]/2+10+% 15 3 2 15 +6 + 2x! = 03x? - 4850 5x7? = 485 x5 t4V3 2x47 Sil x ules 0 [2x + 7)A) + (a + 12) + (1)(2e + 219] = 2x +21 = [2x+7 +x? 4 12x + 2x +21] = 0 = [x? + 16x + 28] = Sx? + 16x + 28 = 05 (xt 2)(xt 14) = 05x42 =00rxe+14=0 Sx=-2or-14 Hence, the values of x are —2 and —14. 6I1Page DPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., B.Ed. (918985551155) 00CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 10 OVfx 1 a “ yo [-]-fppams ty joo 1 1. 10 O}px 1 ope 1 Sok Weta, y ol[|-f|-[>]-| Sx=ly=-22=1 ext ytz oo ale 1 1 2 4 1. ExpressthematrixB=|-1 3 4 as the sum of a symmetric and skew symmetric matrix. 1 2 -3 Sok Note formula: Every square matrix A can be expressed as the sum of a symmetric mi 2-11 -[2 -4 7 1 and skew-symmetric matrix 5 (A — AT) 2 -2 -4 2 -2 1-2 -3 1-2 cin =| 1 Asmar =[- ‘| 3 -1 3 2 - Let P=3(B + BT, 2 ls 4 -24+1 -4-1 3-3 442 -2-4 -3+3 1 2 0 3 ‘Thus, Q = 3(B — B”) is a skew-symmetiic matrix. a 8 7273 3 1i+ 1-3 ‘Thus, B represented as the sum of symmetric and skew symmetric matrix. 71Page GPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se.. B.Ed. (9189855511550)CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 6 -2 2 2. ExpressthematrixA =|—2 3 —1] asthe sum of asymmetric and skew symmetric matrix. 2 -1 3 Sok Note formula: Every square matrix A can be expressed as the sum of a symmetric matrix >(A + A") and skew-symmetric matrix > (A — A") -2 2 3 ee fe 2) 646 -2-2 2-2 343 242 a pb ae 5(A+4")isa sma matrix. 6 Also, Let P= $(A — AT) = | I-23 2 0 0 of row.a" =p an) | 000 Thus, Q iB BY 6 Now, P+Q Thus, A represer 3. Express the matri uae mattix A can be expressed as the sum of a symmetric matrix 5 (4 +A") matrix ; (A-A?) 3 3 -1 1 ]usnar=[-2 2 | - [3 = 4 2 3 - 7 -2 - i|-[3 —2 -1 1 81Page DPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., B.Ed. (+918985551155) 00CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 Thus, P =5(A + A") isa symmetric matrix. 1 3 30-1 30-2 ~- Also, Let Q = 3(4- AT) if 2 *|-[3 2 =| 4-5 2) Lii 2 -24+2 145 342 13] 2-2 7 |: CHA! 13 3 1. IfA=]1 4 3], Find adj (A) and show that A adj (A) = |Al/. 13 41 1 Sok Given, 4=|1 | Now, |A| = 1(16~9) —3(4—3) +3(3-4)=7-3 1 Consi factor of corresponding element aij of matrix A. = 5 —3,Ag2 = 1,423 = 0, Ag, = —3, Az = 0,433 = 1 7 = Ca -1 00 1 0 1 13 3177 -3 -3] fl 0 o Now, A.adj(A) =|1 4 | 1 a |= 1 of=1r=tay Hence proved all-1 0 1 13 1-1 2 2 LetA=|3 0 “4 ‘Then verify the following: A (adj A) = (adj A) A = |AlI, where J is the 1 0 3 identity matrix of order 3. 1-1 2 1-1 2 Sok toe a= [5 0 -2}>/4/=|3 0 ll «Al = 111... 1 0 3 1 0 91Page EPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. 8.€d. (+918985551185)E0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 0 11 0 3 1 -1 1 Therefore, A(adj. A) = | 1 3 2 Now adj. A = | ‘| =1 0 2 3 1 -1 2 2 3 lke -1 a 0 0 -2 3 0 1 wot If: |: o -1 all 0 By (®, Gi) and Gi), we see that, A(adjA) = (adjA)A = |A aah (2-2 4° 3 ] Clearly, [4] = 6 - (-8) = 6+8=1440. ‘Therefore, matrix A is non-singular and hence A~+ exists. We know that adj A = [ 3 3 -4 ‘We know that, At = S14 = 4] rn 2 Tal 2. Find the inverse of the matrix | 4 -7 0 2 8 = Also, (adj. A)A = | =2) 1, Find the inverse ofthe matrix|[? 2 201 4 - Sok: taa-| | -7 2 1 Clearly, [4] = 1(-1) - 1(4) + 3(8 - 77S Therefore, matrix A is non-si ey Cs; (13m (“14 & exists. 4 4, 1 Fang = (1) Mar (-1)° |) | 2 7 cofactor of ayy = (—1)?*3Myy= (1) 2 3 1 of agg = (1)? Mzq= (—1)* 31 = Cofactor of ag, = (—1)84*Mg,= (—1)* a Cap = Cofactor of sy = (-1)#*Map=(—1)8 [2 3 Cy = Cofactor of ay = (-1)*+3Mga= (-1)® B | Ty f-1 5 =|-4 1 5 3 -11 23 | -6 11 1 10lPage GPrepared by:V.VENKATESWARA RAO M.S 1 5 3 4 23 Welw int =| 12 We know that, A“? = 4 23 -11 2 pu ‘|-[2 3} lo 0 1 0 0 0 11. 0 0 ‘ | 111...Git) 1... Gi) 0 11 0 In -(4-0) =-4 8-7=1 |=-c S|=@+2 =23 gl=-G@+=-11 -6)=5 jl=O+3 =3 -(-12) =12 (-2-4)=-6 3 12 B.Ed. (+918985551155) 0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 3 1 -1 2! Sok Here A=[ 3. fA=|3, 5] show that 4? — 5A +71 =0. Hence find A~* 3024 -1 al We have, A? = 4.A 3 WE, He ale 342) 8 5 -1 2 -3-2 -1441"L5 3 1 A -[8 5}_s[3 Waren 9 Now, a?—sat7=[% 3)-s[%, 3]+7[) 7 8 9/15 5), [7 Ma [Bx 1847 S-s40 -5 alls io*lo 7-Ls+5+0 3-10+71 Therefore, A? — 3A + 71 = 0. 301 12 6+1=740 We have, A? — 5A + 71 =0 Clearly [4] # 0. so, pre-multiplying the above equation by A“, we = A1(A?— 54471) = 4710 DAMP A1SA+ AT = 40 ATA 5AMA4 7A AG I-A Bee NOTE: Because we were to find; hence 4 —5A +71 = 0. So, don’t use At = to find A~* here. 4 Showthata=[% 3] Sok weave, A=[% adja 7 342 2 -14+4 “5(2 +7) aks ral +( d=hy {+l AA-SA4A+7A 41 1 SIA~51+ 7A =0 9 7A4 = 51- A= A* =5(5I—A) eed Ly leeds al 12 S. ua-k 1 2) tn so tt a4 S1= 0, ns fi 8 21 1 2 2 Sok Wehave A= |: 1 | 2 2 1 nlPage ELPrepared by:V.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. 8.£4. (+918985551155)E0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 12 271 2 2) 19 8 SA =AA=|2 1 2/12 1 2]=/8 9 8 22 ik 2i bso 9 8 B 12 2 1 0 0) fo 0 oF eB 9 3-4 1 :|-s)p 1 ‘|-[p 0 | 0 =RHS. es sol i221 oo loo o Also 4? — 44 — SI = 0 = AMAA — 44-24 — 5441 = 1A—Al ~54~ afk 2 2 10 oy J-3 2 2 Z)]2 1 2[-4]0 1 off=z)2 -3 2 221 001 202 -3 ) show tha at 5+ = 0. Hence Now LHS: wnsansi-| 1 6. For the matrix A = -1 2 Sok Wehave A 1-1 2-1 =A=AA=(-1 2 1-1 LHS: A? — 5A +4) 6 -5 5 10-5 = (= 6 =) - (= 10 5 -5 6 5-5 Now 4? — 54 +41 =0 = A ~ 5A +41 = 0 [Presmullty =A tAA-5A4A 1o4aoa =| 2 =| -1 3ile -1 3 141+2 142-1 1-343) [4 2 1 142-6 14443 icetal-[s 8 =u] 2-146 2-2-3 243491 17 -3 14 4 2 179 101 =|-3 8 =f 2 “| 7-3 14 -1 3 —34+8-28 -3+16+14 —3—24—42 I-23 27-69 7-34+28 7-6-14 749442 32-13 58 ‘Now, putting values of 48, A”, A and [, in 4° — 6A? + 5A + 111, we get LH. A’ 6A? +5A4 110 4+ 242 44$4-1 4-643 [2 7 | r2lPage [Prepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se.. B.Ed. (-818985551185) 0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 : 0 0 -[2 23 a -«|- be 8 “heh 2 23 +11]o 1 | 32 “8 3 2 3 3 o4 5 u 0 0 2" ~- [- 8 04] + 1b =15] + 1 | -13 -18 84 1 -5 18 0 0 aL 234+18+5 27-48+10 -69+84-15 h | 32-42+10 -13+18-5 58-84+15 0 11 11 0 (0 110 0-11 0 | oo | o o -1l lo o 1 L 2445 7-1245 1-645 11 E I [ [ 1411 0 0 0 0 0 -11411 0 \-p 0 (| 0 0 -11+1) lo o 0. ‘Therefore, A° — 64? +54 +111 = 0. 11 1 Now, /4|=]1 2 1(6- 3) -1(3 +6) +1(-1-4 2 -1 3 We have, A® — 64? + 5A + 111 =0 Cleauly [Al # 0. so, pre-multiplying the above equati = ANA? - 647 +544 11 = 470 = AAS — A164? + ASA + ATT = AZ = AAA? - 64714, A + 574A + 114-4 SLA -6LAtS5SI+1A*=0 [> = A - 64451 +11A4=0 Slat = 64-51 -A? SA = | 14 0 o 1 5 J 8 =| o sl l7 -3 14 0-2 6-0-1 5 12-5-8 0-09] -1 “| 64043 18-5-14 -3 -1 1 i" show that A5 — 6A? + 9A — 41 = 0. Hence find A"t. 2 \ 2” 1yp2 -1 1 Now, A? = 4.4 = |-1 7 L ys | -1 1 -1.2 At1t1 -2-2-1 24142 6 3 5 -2-2-1 14441 eal=[-5 6 = pele? —1-2-2 14144 5 5 6 1 Now, 4? = 47,4 = [a = 6 = 3 20-1 131Page EOPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se.. B.Ed. (+818985551155) 0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 124545 -6-10-5 6+5+10 22-21 21 -10-6-5 541245 2-6-1] =| 22-21) 104546 -5-10-6 545412 21-21 22 ‘Now, putting values of 43, A?, A and J; in A? — 64? + 54+ 111, we get, L.H.S = A? — 6A? +94 — 41 220-21 —5 5 2-1 —E 22 =a- os 6 =|+9 -1 2 a 2 1-1 3 =30 30] [18 —9 n]- |-2 36 -30)+|-9 8 oh -30 36) Lo 21430 22-36 -21+30 9-0 18-4 -9-0] 21-30 -21+30 22-36 -9-0 18- 9 -97 "4 -9 9 ° -14 » |* -9 14 a 9-141 lo -9 14 14414 9-9 9-949 + 9-9 14414 9-9 949 9-9-1414) ‘Therefore, A’ — 64? + 94 — 41 = 0. 2-1 1 2-1) =2(4-1) +1(ga+1) 1-1 2 We have, A? — 6A? + 9A— 41 = Clearly [A] # 0. so, pre-multiplying = A1(A9 — 64? +94— 41) = AX = AAS A764? + A494 — AT = ATA A? - 64-14.A +94 314? - 61.4491 -4, =LA*1=4 7,4 '0=0] = A - 6A 491 - 4, [- IA=4] ES =21 +30 “eat [s= 4 -9- 25 9-0 3442 = A (a? - 64 +91) 2 1 10 0 [2 2 2 ak 1 ol 1 0 0 1. 6 6] [9 0 0) =4-[- 2 - 09 ol -6 12] lo 0 9, —5+6+0 5- 4 a3 1 :| 1 At=s=— > 7 S+6+0 G-124+9 -54+640/3A4%=7/1 3 1 5-640 -5+6+0 6-124+9 -11 3 11 4 9. Show fWat for the matrix A = fz 2 =|. — 6A? + 5A + 111 = 0, Hence find A“. 1a sok wenwea=[1 2 alk 2 + [: ‘ 4} 1 -1 -3 1 A= [2 3 “ad: = [es a 9] 7-3 -1 3 -13 58 LHS: A? — 64? + 544+ 111 aglPage Cl Prepared by:V.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se., 8.€d. (+918985551189)E0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 111 10 0 23 ” 8 3 “is +51 2 3 +11Jo 1 0 32. -13 3 2 oo 014 87 a7 pat a6 ‘, 3 0 0 OF 2s 27 -o|-[ie 42 —ei]+[s 10 —as]+ Jo 0 of= 32-13 58 42-18 84] ho -5 15 ° in Qh 0 0 RHS. Now 4? — 647 +54 +111 =0 Pre-multiplying by A” both sides, we get AMAA — 644A +5A74A4 1A = A 31a Gas Sls at = 0243S 4 5 0 0 eatat $ b “is “fe 8 oO} - 126 w.ita=[t 4 Sok Clearly, |A] = —1 =-1landadjA Now, at = Sti = -ift ZI Clearly, |B| = 3-2 = 1 and aay B = [ Now, Bot = S02 = h i nowrap aE s wta=-ala) Tl-al¥ Now, 4B = [7 -1 ie aul 14 5] (aay = [7 T) -5) 4 is 5) -Uo uals & 1 2 B= [i 300 | find (AB)*, 0 1(3 0) —2(-1- 0) + (-2)(2-0) =342-4=140 thé Cofactors of element by of matrix B. 3, By, =2, By =6 2 = 1, Bop =1, By =2 Byy= 2, By =2, Bay =5 3 2 32 So, B? = owe =th 1 2 |! 12 22 22 3.2 of 3 -1 1 Hence, (AB)' = BA = [: 1 | [As 6 - | 2 2 5. 2 -154+10 -1+6-4 1-544 =30+425 -2412-10 2-10+10) -2 1 0 1 0 2 =30430 -3412-12 3-10412 |: -3 | 1g|Page [Prepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se.. B.Ed. (+818985551155)0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 5 0 4 133 12, GivenA=|2 3 2|,B%=|1 4 3], compute (AB)? 121 13 4 50 4 Sok Here |A|=]2 3 2) =5(-1)-0+4(1) =-1 12 1 Consider Ay be the cofactors of element ay of matrix A. Ay =-1, Ag =8, Agy =—12 Ay = Ay =i, Agg =—2 Ajy=1, Ag: =—10, Ags = 15 : 1 8 -12 1-8 12 So, At = Fadi. [: 1 =2|=[2 -1 2 | 1-10 15) L-1 10 15. 13 3/71 -8 12 =2 19 -2) Hence, (AB) *=BA4=]1 4 | | 0-1 “| = 2 8 1.3 4iL-1 10 -1 3 1 13. wa=[2 , Then find A?. And show that A? = A~4, Sy 1 1-1 afl -1 1) fo 0 14 Sok wamel -1 ill: -1 o|=[e -1 2 1 0 dh o of 0 0 tft -1 47 ft 0-1 ‘|p -1 ol L 1 0 0 asaea=| 1-11 Now 474 =1 Post-multiplying both sides by A”, we g! =IA* > A’1= A+ 2 AP = At 2y 1g. Find the value of x,y and z, if A |: y | satisfies A’ = A™*. x -y 0 2y Sok HeeA=|x y xe z ASA t= ‘Aa! = AA = 1...) O x x 1 0 0 2x20 0 1 Now by (i z\\2yy >|=[p 1 f>fo oy? 0 |=[p a\ilz -z z o 0 1 0 0 322 0 Bye 8, 2x? = 1,6y? = 1327 = ¢ wet h=t% 3-1 1 15. Find the inverse of the matrix A = (-1s 6 <5} and hence show that A~*. A = I. 5-2 2 - 30-101 Sok Welave A= (-15 6 5) 5 2 3(12 — 10) + 1(-30 + 25) + 1(80 — 30) = 1 # 0 = Atexists. —2 Consider Ai be the cofactors of the corresponding element ai, of matrix A. 16|Page COPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., B.Ed. (+918985551155)00CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 An=2 Ap=5 Ais =0, Ay =0, A=, Avs = 1, Ag =—L Ase = 0, Ass = 3 2 0 -1 2 adj. (: 1 0 oar =e 2) o 1 3 3 20 -1\/3 -1 1 640-5 -2404+2 240-2 wa-(5 1 a )(4s 6 s)=(15-15+0 —5+6+0 5-5+0 o 1 3/\5 -2 2 0-154+15 046-6 0-S5+6 Hence A“. A = | 16, Using matrix method, solve the following system of equations: 3x—2y+32=8,2x+y—7= 1,4" By 4+27=4 Sok We have 3x — By Bes Bx ty 1Ax By +2254 of flo Clearly, AX = TB ax=AtB., 3-2 3 Now [Al = |2 1] =3x(-1)+2x843 4-3 2 Hence, A is non-singular matrix and so has a AT exists, Consider Aj; be the cofactor of element Ay =- Ay = 8A = = Uj As, = 1,Agz = 9,433 = 7 =1 -5 eadj.A |-8 -6 9 I-10 1 By @, we get X= 3. 5; 2x -y +32 = 12 is. x—y +22 = 7;3x + 4y — 52 = -5;2x-y +325 12 1-1 2 7 meta [5 4 =.2- mx - b 2-1 3 12. Since AX = B > X = 4B ..() 112-5) +19 + 10) + 2(-3- 8) = 7419-22 =4 © |A| = 4 #0 >A is non singular and hence, it is invertible i¢., A + exists. Consider Cy be the cofactors of element aj, inanattix A, we have C2 =-19, Cy =-11 Cy =n1, Cy=—1 -3, Cy =11, oe -19 -11 Tk: -3 r71Page GOPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se.. B.Ed. (918985551155) E0)CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 7 1 = + = (adja) = fete -1 x -11 -1 7 Now ty @, wehave X= A“B aE slkleeE ester] EE So, X¥ =+|-19 * ir =X =+/-133454132)/>x=2]4] ie, |y/=|1 12 -774+5+84 12. By equality of matrices, we get: x = 2,y = 1,2 = 3. Hence, x = 2,y = 1,z = 3is the required solution 35 18. IfA= [ 2 = Find A~, Hence, solve the system of equations. 11 = 2x — By +52 = 11,3x+2y — 47 2-3 5 Sok WehaveA=|3 2 — 1 1-2 -. Ais non-singular and hence, it is invertible ic., A”! exists. Let Aj be the cofactor of element aj; of matrix A. Ai, = 0,Ay2 = 2,Ay3 = 15 Aza = 1,42 = —9, 09 oo -1 2 So,adj.A=|2 -9 “| 2 Ant = A 1-5 13 Now the system of equation can be re-writt 2x — By + $2 = 11,3x 4 2y -, 11 ‘These equations can be written as A: 4] x= b “5 esi: [o Ie FE 2 3 ag. A= 1 0 Hence, solve ations 2x + 3y + 42 =17,x—y=3, yt2z=7. 2 4 1-1 0] =-4-6+4=-640, So, A exists. 2 = -2, Ap: = 4, Ags = 2; Agi = 4,Ag2 = 4,Ags = —2 -2 4 wat atti -afa 4 ‘| lal 6 1-2 5. ‘Now the system of equation can be re-wuitlen as 2x + 8y + 4z = 17,x-y = 3,y +22 17) ‘These equations can be written as AX = B, whereX = [| and B= [: | ercwvormft 2 Ro EEE By equality of matrices, we get: x = 2,y =—1,z= 4, 18|Page DPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., B.Ed. (918985551155) 00CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 1 2 0 20.1f A = [2 -1 = Find A~*, Using ~1, solve the system of linear equations o -1 4 x—2y = 10,2x-y-z= 8,-2y+z=7 1 2 Sok: For the given matrix A, |A] -1 (-3) - 2(-2)+0=-34+4=140 0-1 + Atexists Consider Ay be the cofactor of the element aj; of matrix A =2, Ago = 1sAbg adja t= 80 An a a 2 4 ‘Now consider the equations: x — 2y = 10,2x — y—z = 8,—2y +. 1-2 0 10) ar=[p -1 =|- A’B= [: Jone = LU 0-201 Since PX = B 3X = PB = (A4)"B 3 2 2,710) O+16+ 14] So, X= [2 3 1 ifs 3 |= x= feet) roe By equality *rmabices, we get: x. 31 2 -f 2 Shue ta, 2 0 -1 3x + By +22 = Lx+2y= 4,2x-3y 5 3(—2) — 1(3) + 2(-4) = -17 # 0 -. Atexists, Bx + By + 2z = Lx t 2y = 42x —3y— 1 Ea = AT B= fone = [| 5 =PB=(A%)"B [v Pt =(AT)*=(A4)™ 3 “4 a 7 -2||4)>xX=+/17 7-15 = wl By equality of matiices, we get 1, 1 -20 1 22 repro 2 =l[2 2 2 na to nt sem exons 3-2 1 x— y+ 22 = 1,2y—32 = 1,3x-2y + 42 =2 1-1 2 -2 0 1 Sok taal 2 =)2-[3 2 =| 3-2 4 6 1 ~2. 1g|Page [Prepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. 8.€d. (-818988551155) 0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 f =1 al | [seis 0-242 aed [: jo 2 3/9 2 -3)=]0+18-18 0+4-3 0-6+6/=]0 3-2 4}l6 1 -2) l-o+18+24 0-444 34+6- 0 AB=I -@ Now the given system of equations are! x— y + 22 = 1,2y—3z = 1,3x—2y + 42 1-1 2 1 x By using anatrix method: let C= [ 2 = D= A and, X = [| 3-2 4 2 2. Since CX =D 3 X= CD + B=C 301 =B" so, wehave: ¥=B4D By @), wehave: AB =/=3 BY =A Using this in (ii), we get.X = AD 1-1 2)%p 2 0 1ypt =x={p 2 =| [}--[° 2 “lf ox [ 3-2 4 6 1 -2 By equality of matrices, we have: x = 0,y = 5, Henee, x = 0,y = 5,z = 3is the required solution. 2 2 - 1-1 0 | [: 3 +] mensnaans csa=[-4 2 -4/andB= 2-15 lo 1 2 equations x — y = 3, 2x + 3y + 4z =17, y+2z=7. 202 =4] 1-1 Sok: tsea= |“ 2 <4] man = 1 5 2 = 0 9 4 =24+0 -4444) 6 0 0 =|0 6 0 0 0 202-41 -1 -4 2 ='lf 3 4+6-4 -8-12+20 2 -1 silo 4 2 O+2-2 0-4410 isp yt2z=7,.x-y=Band2x + 3y + 42=17 1. -1 9 2 7 ‘These equations e PX =D where P = [: 3 ‘|x = [y].0 = |: | 0 12 Z. 17] 1 By(i),AB = 61 3 A-1 =4B ‘Therefore. yD = (A4)D==BD ° 6 bs P=AaPt=At= -4)[7 px 6434-28] py (fiz) pepe - If: |- ly| =2]-12 + 34-28] =bl-kd- ly [5] “To sth & 2 4. 4 Consider the given s; eq “Lo -17435 2 z ..by equality of matrices, we get: x = 2,y =-1,z=4 24. Using Matrices, solve the following system of linear equations: 5 201Page [Prepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se.. 8.64. (1818988551155) C0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 2 3 10 So, l4l=|4 -6 5 (120 = 45) = 3(-80 ~ 30) + 10(36 + 36) = 1200. 6 9 =20 Consider Ay be the cofactors of corresponding elements ay of matrix A. Ay, = 75, Any = 150, Ags = 75; Ary = 110, Arg = —100, Ago = 30; Ayy = 72, Ags = 0, Ags = —24 75 150 75 75 150 75 sadjA= [2° -100 30 | +A t=—]110 -100 30 | 72 o —24 Note that, AX = B On Pre-multiplication by A~4 we get A"-AX = AB. X= A4B 0 -24! =X 110 -100 30 |/1}> x =———| 440 - 100+ 60 | > x¥=—— m2 0. ~24 7200 1200 75 150 75 [: 1 [300 + 150+ 150 288 +0 —48 ~ 7200 | 30) + 10(36 + 36) = 1200. Consider Ay be the cofact mr jements ay of matrix A. Ags = 75, Aoi = 150, Agy = 110,432 = —100,A39 = 30:Ay3 = 72,Ap3 = 0,Ag3 = —24 75 1 75 150 75 . = a = sadjA =|110 eA t=>—]110 100 30 Itiplication by A~* we get: A'AX = A*B fz 150 2 [3] = 4 |110 -100 30 |} 5}= 0720 24d Leal 1 = By using equality of matrices, ee https//chat.whatsa; zilPage [Prepared by:V.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. 8.€d. (-818988551185) 0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 CHAPTER-05 @ DIFFERENTIATION NOTE: Following are derivatives of some standard functions which have been derived in class XI from first principles: 20") = ne SE (log, x) =+ vs A (sinx) = cos x aa =n a -— a@)=s5 gy 80) = Toa £0). a>0.a¢1 ss S(tanx) = sec?x xs £(cosx) = -sinx 4% =e fi wale’) =e ss A (cotx) = ae . =aGa)=2 . vs £Gecx) = (fora > 0.a#1) BLE fH) = 8 47@) 499) = 217) £2) 2 LY @).9@)} = ZF @).90) + FO Z(9)) a BL EFC).90).h@)) = SZ (FO)). 9). Ag w ai 9) Z(F6))-1) 29d) owes ax (oe. oo tan”*x,sec x, cosec” 4 (in? Lin Coos" Ecos) 4 ant Star LOGARITHMIC DIFFERENTIATION Lely (£(2)}9 then S = (fay {22 F(a) + logF)}. 2 Ge} loga™ = mloga (ena eles m log(ab) = loga + logb log(abc) = loga + log b + loge log (2) = log a — log b z2lPage Prepared by: VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. B.Ed. (9189855511559CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 loge =1 1. Differentiate (log x)5* w.r.t. We have, f(x) = (log x)°°** = f(x) = ela CoB" F(x) = et08tono82) Differentiating on both sides wr.t x", we get 8 © pcoszlog(ogn) 3 & = evosmoettee” 4 feos x.log(logx)} dy ogi d d FF = gconctogtog») a f£ a2 (c0s.x). (log (log x)} + log(log x) {cos x} 4y tog dogayeo=* 1d age {(c0s)-io log x) + log(log.x) sin} dy conn (Ost 1 4 coax {£98 22 Cogs) {RE yo snlon(ogsn} =F = (loge fe 1083)| 2. Differentiate (sin x)°°°* w.r.t. ‘x’. Sol Let y = (sinx)°°** > log y = log( sinx)** > log y = cos x lo, On differentiating w. rt x both sides, we get 5% ae 3. Differentiate (sin x)°°** w.r.t. ‘x’. Sok Let y = (sinx)°* = log y = log(sinx)* On differentiating w. r. t. x both sides, we ge 24x Z= cosx x= - sin x logsin, ya ‘Sinx 9 1d cox ® = ei ' ; ix Ds cosx xS* — sinx logsinx > 2 = (sinx)% = sinx logsin x) 4. Differentiate the following function with On diff. both the sides wr x, we get 1du Sol Lety=ut+v ere WU and v = x!09* On diff both the sides w-, ze dy = ae de Palate Now, u = (logx)* og@bg x) = log u = x log( log x) ) d tog( tog hx) + log( log x) > = (log x)* & + log( log x)) = log(x)!°9* > log v = (log x)(log x) = (log x)? On diff. both the sides w rt. x, we get ] = 2D ag Me = lea (2002) 5 8 = (20g x), x!204 ing the values of S and “in (i), we get a 2 = (log x)* (a = + log( log ») + (2log x). x92 5. Differentiate x"* + (sin x) 5* with respect to x. Sok Let y= x + (sin x) Sy =utv On differentiating w. r,t. x both sides, we get: 2 = 4%... (4) Now u = x5™* Jog u = log x"* = logu On differentiating w. 1. tx both sides, we get au 1 3 tu = sin (sine atx Ss sine x24 cosxlogx > @ (& sinxlogx + cos x log x) 2g/Page MPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. B.Ed. (918985551155) ECLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 Also v = (sinx)°5* = log v = log( sin x)°* = log v = cos x logsinx On differentiating w. 1. t. x both sides, we get = cosx x 4 — sinx logsinx > 2 = (sin x)"5*(cos x cot x — sinx logsin x) sine ca + cos x log x) + (sin.x)"** (cos x cot x — sinx logsinx). 6. Differentiate the function (sin x)* + sin“! Vx w. r. t. x. Sol, Let y = u+v, where wu = (sinx)* andy =v = sin“ ay du, av cs Nove, u = (sin x)" = = oleatcinay oy y= extention) On differentiating w. r,t. x both sides, we get \ > = EZ (extosting)) > s eX lox(sinx) E Orton a = = (ine fet 4 (ogtsin2)) + wacom £(3| ow Differentiating both the sides, we get: @ « = B= (sinx)"[x.corx + log(sinx)] And, v = sin“! ye On differentiating w. r,t. x both sides, we get a G=i(sint vx) =e = Gi) By (i), (i) and ii), we get: 7. -If(cos x)” = (cos y)*, then find 2, Sol We have (cos x)” = (cos y)* 19( cos y)* = y log( cos x) = x log(cosy) On differentiating w. r.t yx sinx) +l D =x x (-siny) xB + log( cosy) x1 = [log( cos x) +x tai (cosy) + y tan x = & = ealecenayicns 8. If x” = y* then find P= y = evox x both sides, we get dy) du gy dy du. dy Me Wty ay x tog x24 oe as tog2x 2} a haw ty +2 gene dx) ~ dx ela = ya ertloay ating w. r,t. x both sides, we get hee be 4 1 an ye ie a Wye ty yD 4 yey bx egy x1} >= y Ex2+ ag y| >So = ye tex 4 yF logy We have, x? =y" SU =V On differentiating w. rt. x both sides, we get 2 = % a dy ax Lyset tagextlnye tex Zeylogy dy d; aeons y* logy =x-ly dy _ y*logy~x¥4y > (x¥ log x —y* no B= y*o9y— ys Ee zqlPage Cprepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. 8.€d. (1918985851155)CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 9. Find, If xy =e. (OR) If.xy = Sol Given, xy =e®)...@) Differentiating on both sides wrt ‘x’, we get aor ay) = ay axBtyse(1-B)=0(1-9) Ya yaxy-xy YY py ay = orbit ysw-o Ge @twlf=0-y2 82S (OR) Given, xy = e#-Y) Apply log on both sides, we get = log(xy) = loge = log x + logy = (x — y) loge = logx + logy = (x— Differentiating on both sides wa.t “x", we get dy _ldy dy. 1_ dy 1_(l+yydy de ydx Gee ae x? { a 1tyydy_x-1y _ dy_y(x-1) RIG \eo x “T+y de x+y) =e ve dy _ (Hlog y)? 10. Ity* = @”-*, then prove that = Gt12a", Sol, Given y* = 6?* ‘Taking log on both the sides, we get log(y*) = log( e”*) = xlog y = (y -) On differentiating w. rt. y both sides, axe (Otto d HO +lay) ae dy + tog a ge = oy w T+ Toa Wray Toay ni. Ite’ —y* =a", find 2, Sol, We'vex’—y* =a’ => 3 ees x ao (E+ logx sty] x2 y* logy = 0 > Mx Vieayewry yx x2—y* logy = 0225 cos t + t sint) andy = a(sin tt cos t), then evaluate <2, Wwe x = a(cost +t sint) and y = a(sint —t cost) Differentiating x and y both with respect to ¢ both the sides, we get a . ; Fla(cost +tsint)) = F(alsint — t cost) = Ss a(-sint + tcost + sint) 3% = a(cost +tsint — cost) a ; = = atcost o Gi) By (and (i), we have? = 2 x 4 = (at sintt) (4 2g/Page MO Prepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. B.Ed. (918985851155) C0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 Differentiating with respect to x both sides, we get (2) = L¢cant) = sec? to St soe? ee ala) ae a ae ey sett at 2. Ix = cost +log (tan ($)),y = sine, then find the value of $3 and 2} at ¢ = 2 Sol, We have x = cost + logtan (2), y = sint Diff. w. r.t. t both the sides, we get: Differentiating w.r. t x both sides, S* = sec? t x < = sec? tx So, Ale. 4 = tanZsectF = 1x {v2} = av . ae 3. Ifx =3cost—2cos*t andy = 3 sint —2 sin*t, tl Sol, We have, x = 3 cos t —2 cos*t and Differentiating wrt. ‘t’, we get a= = 3(-sint) — 2 (3cos?t)(—sint) = B= sine + 6 cos*esint = S = -3sint (1 - 2c0s"t) = Ss -3sintcos2t we hae ay Now, Now, 37 = a a Now, 2 = = (—cosec*t) # = cosec*t Sage d) “at sint 2 sin’t ntiating w.r-t. ‘t’, we get = 3(cos £) — 2 (3sin?t)(cos t) cost — 6sin’t cost cost (1 — 2cos*t) 22 = 3costcos2t ae _ _cosectt TSsintcosat — — Seosar Sol. We have x [On diff. wart. ¢ both sides zany sint +7] = acostcott [-sine + sec*( v2). (U2)] ‘Sin((2) Tos) = (acost cott)(—-) 32 = cote rentiating wt x both sides, we get: ay ay E(B) = A feort] = -cosec*t £9) 3 2 = (-cosee*s) (LS) 5. Ifx=a {cost +log(tanz)} and y =a sin, then find Zand. = ae Sol. Givenx = a(cost + logtans) On differentiating with respect to t both the sides $i o( sine ey xanet(Q) x2) ~a( sine Sx i) B= acost cate 6) a 2 Gat“ Tet 261Page COPrepared by:Y. VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., B.Ed. (+918985551155) C0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 Also, y = asint On differentiating with respect to ¢ both the sides, we get: 2 =acost Again, differentiating with respect to rboth the sides, we have fy = ale ey £2 =“ (acost) = a(-sint) = 2 ae x ; ay _ay ae Now, by (i) and (i), we have: = 2 x © = (acos t) x = -asint. 1 ‘eostcart On differentiating with respect to x both the sides @ 4 = (sec? ty St FY = soc? ay llant) = (see? t) = = 5 = sect x 6. iy =et"*, 4 — 4sin(log x) x= 3.c0s(log x) ~ 4 sin(log x) = ~y > x? Z 281Page COPrepared by:Y. VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., B.Ed. (+918985551155) C0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 CHAPTER-06 @ APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES INCREASING AND DECREASING FUNCTIONS 1. Show that the function f(x) = 7x — 3 is strictly increasing on R. Sok Given that f(x) = 7x -3 On differentiating war-t. x both sides, we get > f'(x) = 7(1) —0 > f'(x) =7 > O forall x ER. =f (2) is always strictly increasing on R 2. Show that the function f given by f(x) = x3 — 3x? + 4x, x € R is strictly increasin; Sol: Given that f(x) = x° — 3x? + 4x On differentiating wr t, x both sides, we get = f(x) = 3x? — 6x 44> f'(x) = 3x? - 6x4 341 = f'() = 30? — 2x +1) +15 f'(X) = 3-1)? +1 > 0, for « f(x) is strictly increasing on R. 3. Show that the function f(x) = 4x3 — 18x? + 27x — 7 is alwaysi Here f(x) = 4x° — 18x? + 27x -7 On differentiating watt. x both sides, we get = f(x) = 12x? — 36x + 27 = f'(x) = 3(4x? - 1 (2x — 3)? B 0 forall x ER. x? + 2x — 5 is (a) strietly increasing (b) strictly decreasing. We lave, f(x) = x? +2x-5. Now, fi(x) = 2x +2 Let us put f(x) = 0 to fi ints. Le,, points on the givs ngent is parallel to x —axis ‘This tuning poi sub-intervals ( Sign of (@) ‘Nature of Function F ‘Take x = —2 (say) than 7’) <0 Take x = 0.5 (say) then f(x) > 0 «. fis strictly decreasing | + fis strictly increasing T (clly increasing on (1,0) and strictly decreasing on (—o2,—1) vals in which the function f given by f(x) = 10 — 6x ~ 2x? is (a) stricth ly decreasing. We have, f(x) = 10 — 6x — 2x? Now, f'(x) = -6 — 4x Let us put f(x) = 0 to find tuming points, Le., points on the given curve where tangent is parallel to x —axis. 3 ['@) = 09-4" ~6= 03 4x =-6 x= —5 This turning point divides the real line in two disjoint 2 3 sub-intervals (~co, 3) and (—2, 0) 2g9|Page DPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. B.Ed. (918985551155) ECLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 Sian of’) Nature of function fF Take x = —1 (say) then f(x) <0 fis shelly decreasing | Take x = 2 (Say) then JG) > 0 ~ fis strielly iereasing T and strictly decreasing on (—4 ) 6. Find the intervals in which the function f given by f(x) = 4x° - 6x” — 72x + 30 is (a) strictly increasing, (b) strictly decreasing. Given, f(x) = 4x3 — 6x? — 72x +30 On differentiating wart. x both sides, we get > f'(a) = 12x? - 12x72 > fila) = 120? — x6) S > f'(x) = 12(x = 3)(x +2) Let us put f(x) = 0 to find tuning points. Le., points on the given curve where tangent is parallel to x —axi File) =0 > 12(e- 3)(x +2) = 0 (x 3)(e +2) =0 This tuning point divides the real line in two disjoint sub-intervals (—20,—2), (=2,3) and (3, 0) © Interval Sign of f'@) ‘Nature of function f (-00,—2) Take «. f is strictly increasing T (2,3) of is strictly decreasing 1 Ge) «-f is strictly inereasing As f"(e) <0 in (-2,3) int, -2) U (3,0) So, f (x) is (a) strietly, co, =2) U (3, 20) and (b) strictly decreasing in (2, 3) 7. Find the intervals in wht iven by f(x) = 20 — 9x + 6x? — x? is (i) strictly increasing (ii) strictly decreasi We have, f(x) = On differenti th sides, we get P+ 12x — 9. fl) = B(x? — Ax +3) > f(x) = -6(x - 1)(e- 3) (© find tuning points. n curve where tangent is parallel to x —axis, 3) =05 (x-1(x-3) =05x=13 =00, 1), (1,3) and (3,09). ae 1 3 Sign of /(G) Nature of function F (et) | Takex = =1 (say) then f"G) <0 «of is strictly decreasing 4 73) Take x= 2 (Say) then FG) > 0 «of is strictly inoreasing P Bx) Take x = 5 (Say) then f"(x) <0 1 f is stiietly decreasing | As f(x) > 0 in (1,3) and f"(x) < 0 in (—0,1) U (3,00) So, f (x) is (a) strictly increasing in (1,3) and (b) strictly decreasing in (—99, 1) U (3,00). 301Page [Prepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. 8.€d. (+818988851155) 0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 8. Find the intervals in which the function given by f(x) = 2x° — 9x7 + 12x + 15 is (i) increasing (ii) decreasing, Sol, wehave, f(x) = 2x3 - 9x? + 12x +15 On differentiating watt. x both sides, we get = f(x) = 6x? — 18x +12 = f(x) = 6(x? — Bx + 2) > f"(x) = 6(x— 1) (x - 2) Let us put f’(x) = 0 to find tuming points. Le., points on the given curve where tangent is parallel to x —axis. F'@) = 0 > 6(x = 1-2) 503 (X-1)(@-2) = 0S x12 ‘This turning point divides the real line in two disjoint sub-intervals (—co, 1), (1,2) and (2, 00) Tnterval Sign of F'@) Can Take x = —2 (Say) then f(x) >0 a2 Take x = 1.5 (say) then f(x) <0 Gay Take x = 3 (say) then f(x) > 0 AS #'(&) <0 in (1,2) and f"(x) > Vin (—@, 1) U (2,5) So, f(x) is (a) strictly increasing in (—c0, 1) U (2,0) and (b) Since, f(x) is a polynomial fiction, so, it is continudl Hence, f (x) is inereasing in x € (—oo, 1] U [2, 9. Find the intervals in which the function gi increasing (b) strictly decreasing. Sol: wehave, f(x) = =2- 6) 3 f(x) =$@-DG+DH-3) Let us put f(x) fi points Le., points on tl vaWhere tangent is parallel to x —axis. f 2 (e+ 2)(x-3) =0 2x3) = 05 x=-213 ides the real line in two disjoint :), (2,1), (1,3) and (3, e0), Sign of (=) ‘Nate of fimetion F Take x = —5 (say) then f(x) <0 = f is strictly decreasing L C20 Take x = —1 (say) then f'(x) > 0 = f is strictly increasing T (1,3) Take x = 3 (say) then f"(x) <0 oof is strictly decreasing 1 (3,0) Take x = 6 (say) then f'(x) > 0 «. f is strictly increasing T AS f"(@) <0 in (—,—2) U3) and f"(x) > Vin (2,1) UB.a) So, f (x) is (a) strictly increasing in (—2,1) U (3,0) and (b) strictly decreasing in (—c0,-2) U (1,3) gilPage [prepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se.. B.Ed. (818985551185)CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 10. Find the intervals in which the funetion f(x) = %— x° — 5x2 + 24x +12 Is (a) strictly increasing, (b) strictly decreasing. Here f(x) == x3 — 5x? + 24x +12 On differentiating wat. x both sides, we get > f'(a) = x8 — Bx? — 10x + 245 f'(x) = (@— A(X? — x - 12) > f(x) = (X— D(X- HHT) Let us put f(x) = 0 to find tuning points. Le., points on the given curve where tangent is parallel to x —axis, Fe) = 05 (x-2(x—4)(x4 3) 05 x=-3,24 ‘This tuning point divides the real line in two disjoint sub-intervals (00, ~3), (~3,2), (2,4) and (4,00) Interval Sign of F'@) =,-=3) Take x = —4 (say) then f(x) <0 3D Take x = 1 (say) then f'(x) > 0 24) Take x = 3 (say) then f"(x) <0 Ge) Take x =5 (say) then f(x) > 0 As f(x) <0 in (—o,—3) U (2,4) and f"(x) > Oin' So, f (x) is (a) strictly increasing in (—3,2) U (4yg0)) ant icily decreasing in (—0, ~3) U (2.4) 11. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) — 4x + 5is(a) strictly increasing (b) strictly decreasing, Given f (x) = 3x4 = dx? — 12x? + On differentiating wx t, x both sides 2 f'(x) = 12x3 = 12x? = 24x = f(x) = x= 2) > f(x) = 12x(x + 1) - 2) Let ns put f(x) = 0 to fine ¥ Le., points on the given, ng F(x) = 0 > 12x(x + I(x, 2 x(x + 1)(x-2) =05 ‘This turning point di sub-intervals (—09,—1 ent 1s parallel to x —axis, Nature of fimetion f = -4 (say) then f'(x) <0 of is strictly decreasing 4 x= T (say) then) > 0 [= Fis strictly increasing 7 Take x = 3 (say) then f’(x) <0 «. f is strictly decreasing 4 Take x =5(say)thenfG)>0 | fis stucily increasing 7 "(x) <0 in (—w,-1) U (0,2) and f"(x) > 0 in (1,0) U (2,00) So, f (x) is (a) strictly inereasing in (1,0) U (2, 0)) and (b) strictly decreasing in (—o0, 1) U (0,2) 12. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) = gxt — 4x3 — 45x? + 51 is(i) strictly increasing (ii) strictly decreasing, Given f (x) = bat = 4x3 — 45x? + 51 On differentiating watt, x both sides, we get > f'(x) = 6x9 = 12x? = 90x > 6x(x? = 2x = 15) = 0 > Gx(x + 3)(x-5) = 0 Let us put f(x) = 0 to find tuning points. g2lPage MPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. B.Ed. (918985851155) E0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 Le., points on the given curve where tangent is parallel to x —axis, Fi(x) = 0 > 6x(x + 3)(x 5) = 0 x(x + 3)(x—5) = 03 x = -3,0 This turning point divides the real line in two disjoint sub-intervals (~00,—3), (—3,0), (0,5) and (5,00) = 3 Tnterval Sign of FQ) Nature of fnetion fF (-@,-3) ‘Take x = ~5 (say) then f"(x) <0 « fis strictly decreasing | C30) Take x = —1 (say) then f(a) > 0 ~ fis strictly increasing T (05) Take x = 3 (say) then f’(x) <0 « f is strictly decreasing L Go) Take x = 6 (say) then f"(@) > 0 AS f’(x) <0 in (—00, =3) U (0,5) and f'(x) > 0 in (3,0) U (5,0) So, f (2) is (a) stiictly increasing in (—3,0) U (5,00)) and (b) stiictly 5). 13. Determine the intervals in which the function f(x) = xt — 8x3 + 1 is strictly increasing or strictly decreasing, Sok, Given f(x) = x*- 8x? + 22x? - 24x + 21 On differentiating wat. x both sides, we get = f(x) = Ax? = 24x? + Ade — 24 = f"(x) = A(x 3 f(x) = A(x 1)? — Sx + 6) = f"(x) = Ar Let us put f(x) = 0 to find turning points. Le, points on the given curve where tanger f'(®) =0 > 4(e— 1)(@—2)(e-3) =0 3 (x -1(x-2)(e-3) = 0S x= 1,2; ‘This turning point divides the real line in two disjint sub-intervals (—09,1), (1,2), (2,3) ‘Nature of function f +f is strictly decreasing 4 «. f is strictly increasing T «fis strictly decreasing 1 f is stiictly increasing T Sol; We'have, f(x) = (x + 1)8(x- 3)° Now, f'(x) = (a + 1)8 x 3(x — 3)? + (x — 3)83(x + 1)? = f(x) = (x + 1)?(x = 3)7{3(x $1) + 3(X - 3)} = (2) = (e+ 1x 8)°f8x + 3+ Bx —9} > f'Q) = & + D(x 3)?(6x — 6) > f'(a) = 6 + 1)? - 3)*(x-1) Let us put f'(x) = 0 to find tuming points. Le., points on the given curve where tangent is parallel to x —axis. 331Page GPrepared by:V.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. “>a OMB O EETCLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 f'(x) = 0 = 6(x + 1)2(x—3)2(x-1) = 0 3 (x +12%(e= 3)%(x=1) 205 x=-113 ‘This turning point divides the real line in two disjoint sub-intervals (—o9,—1), (~1,1), (1,3) and (3,00) Tnterval Sign of 7G) Nature of fmetion fF (e-1) | Takex = —2 (sayythen f(a) <0 an Take x = 0 (say) then f(x) <0 (1,3) Take x = 2 (say) then f'(x) > 0 G«) Take x = 4 (say) then f(a) > 0 «. f is strictly decreasing | . f is strictly decreasing | «fis strictly increasing «fis sttictly inere AS f(x) <0 in (~00,-1) U (1,1) and f"(x) > 0 in (1,3) U (3,2) So, f (x) is (a) strictly increasing in (1,3) U (3,0) and (b) stuictly deere 15. Find the intervalsin which the function given by f(x) = (x — 1)(x — x= 1)(x = 2)? Now, f(x) = DA((x = 2)7} + @- 2° 20-1) =f’) = = 1)2(x-2)(1) + @- 27h = FQ) = 2){2@-1) + -2)} = f'(x) = (e- 2){2x-24x-2} > f'(x) = Let us put f(z) = 0 to find tuning points. Le, points on the given curve where tang, I to x 4 fi) =02(x-2Bx-4)=05K= This turning point divides the real line in two dis}int sub-intervals (—c0,4), (2,2) and e Tnierval a) Nature of function f thong’ Gx) > 0 . f is strictly increasing T nf’) <0 «. f is strictly decreasing | say) then f'(x) > 0 «. f is strictly increasing T is a polynomial fietion, so, it is continous at x = 4,2 >, F (2) is increasing in x € (—c0,4] U [2, 0) and f(x) decreasing in x € [2,2] 16. Find the intervals on which the funetion f(x) = (x — 1)°(x — 2)? (a) Strictly increasing (b) Strictly decreasing, We have, y = (x —1)%(x- 2)? Now, f(x) = (@= 1)? x 2x = 2) + 3x — 1)? = 2) > f(x) = (= (x 22-1) + 3-2} > f'() = (x= I)%(x= 2)(5x -8) Let us put f(x) = 0 to find tuning points. Le,, points on the given curve where tangent is parallel to x axis, 3alPage Prepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.ScCLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 fi'@) = 05 (x= 1)%(x-2)(6x-8) =05x= 13.2 ‘This turning point divides the real line in two disjoint sub-intervals (9,1), (1,2), (2,2) and (2, 0) Interval Sign of Nate of function F Ge,1) | Take x=—1 (say) then f() > 0 =f is strictly decreasing U (i 5) Take x = 1.2 (say) then f"(x) > 0 .. f is strietly increasing T a. Take x = 18 (say) then) <0 7 f is silly decreas =. (2,0) Take x = 4 (say) then f"(x) > 0 «. f is strictly i sf’) < 01m (2,2) and f(x) > 0in(—e,1) U(1,) U 00 > So, f (x) is (a) strietly increasing in (-c,1) U (1,2) U 2,0) and © jasing in (2,2) MAXIMA AND MI L Find the maximum and the minimum values, if any, of f m by f(x) = 9x? + 12x + 2 Sok; Given that f(x) = 9x? + 12x +2 Now, f'(x) = 18x +12 = 6(3x + Now, f(x) = 6(3) = 18 For critical points, f"(x) = (3a 3 3x4+2=053x=-25x=-2 mum and local minimum value 2. Find the lo local minima, if any of the function f given by f(x) = x3 — 6x? + 9x + 18. ) SHE - 6x? 49x +15 Ww = Bx? — 12x +9 = f'(x) = 30? = 4 $3) 9 f'Q) = 3 -DQr- 3) Nowy") = 2(2x — 4) = 4-2) For ctitical points, f"(x) = 0 > 3(x — 1)(x- 3) = 09 (x-D@—-3) =05x=13 As f"(1) = 4(1 = 2) = 4(-1) = -4 < 0. So, f(x) has maximum value at x = 1 Also, the maximum value of function is, f(1) = (1)? - 6(1)? + 9(1) #15 = 1-6 +9415 =19 As f""(3) = 4(3 — 2) = 4(1) = 4 > 0. So, f(x) has minimum value at x = 3, Also, the maximum value of function is, F(3) = (3)8 ~ 6(8)? + 9(8) +15 = 27- 54427415 = 15 351Page MOPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. B.Ed. (+918985851155900CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 3. Find the local maximum and local minimum values of the function f given by S(x) = 3x4 + 4x3 12x? +12. Sol, We have, f(x) = 3x4 + 4x3 -12x? +12 Now, f'(x) = 12x3 + 12x? - 24x and f(x) = 36x? + 24x — 24 For f(x) = 0,we have 12x3 + 12x? - 24x = 0 3 12x(x? +x = 2) = 0 > x(x +.2)(e-1) = 0 3x ==201 Now, f"(=2) = 36(-2)? + 24(-2) -24= 72 >0 «x = —2is the point of local minimum and local minimum value = f(-2) = -20 Now, f’"(0) = 36(0)? + 24(0) — 24 = -24<0 +2 = Ois the point of local maximum and local maximum value = f (0) = Now, (1) = 36(1)? + 24(1) -24 = 36 >0 1 is the point of local minimum and local minimum value = ( |. Find both the maximum and minimum values of the function f(x) = 3x — 8x3 + 12x? — 48x + 25 on the interval =F) = f(x) = lax lx? +2] 24[e? + > f'(x) = [12x — 24][x? +2] > 7'C OSx=2ax= hese values of x are imaginary and hence rejected. absolute minimum value of the function, we are to find values of f(x) )) at end points of the given closed interval [0,3] ="B(0)3 + 12(0)? — 48(0) + 25 = 25 — 8(2)3 + 12(2)? — 48(2) + 25 = 48 -— 64+ 48 — 964 25 = -39 (3)* — 8(3)° + 12(8)? — 48(3) + 25 = 243 — 216 + 108 — 144 + 25 = 16 se three values of f(x) absolute maximum value = Maximum of (f(0),f(2).f3)} = Maximum of (25, 39,16} = 25 Out of these three values of f(x) absolute minimun value = Minimum of (f (0), f(2).£(3)} = Minimum of {25,-39,16} = -39 So, absolute maximum value = 25 and absolute minimum value = —39. 5. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function f given by f(x) = 2x3 — 15x? + 36x +1 on the interval [1,5]. Given f (x) = 2x3 — 15x? + 36x +1,x € [1,5] 361Page COPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., B.Ed. (+918985551155) C0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 Now, f(x) = 6x? — 30x + 36 = f'(x) = 6[x? — 5x + 6] = f(x) = 6(x — 3)(x- 2) For critical points, f"(x) = 0 > 6(x — 3)(x— 2) = 0 3 (x -3)(x-2) 505 x-3=00rx-2505x=30re= 254x523 [15] To find absolute maximum and absolute minimum value of the fimction, we are to find values of f(x) at (a) turning point(s) and (b) at end points of the given closed interval [1,5] Now, f(1) = 2(1)* - 15(1)? + 36(1) +1 =2-15+36+1=24 F(2) = 2(2)? — 15(2)? + 36(2) + 1 = 16 - 60 +72 +1 = 29 F(3) = 2(8)8 — 15(3)? + 36(3) + 1 = 54-1354+1084+1=28 F(S) = 2(6)? — 15(5) + 36(5) + 1 = 250 - 375 +180 +1 = 56 Out of these three values of f(r) absolute maximum value = Maximum of. = Maximum of (24,295 Out of these three values of f(r) absolute minimum value = Minim 2).£3). FB} = Minimum of (24, So, absolute snaximum value = 56 and absolute min 6. The smallest value of the polynomial x* — 18x” + 96x (A) 126 Bo (C) 135, Sol. (B) is correct option. Given f (x) = x? — 18x? + 96x , x Oorx-4=05x=Borr= 45%" = 48 € [09] To find absolute minimum value of the fimetion, we are to find values of f(2) at (a) tuning poi points of the given closed interval [0,9] Now, f(0) = (0) 96(0) = 0-0 +0 =0 F(a) )? + 96(4) = 64 — 288 + 384 = 160 8(8)? + 96(8) = 512 - 1152 + 768 = 128 18(9)? + 96(9) = 729 ~ 1458 +864 = 135 ee values of f(x) absolute maximum value = Maximum of (f (0), f(4),f(8), f(9)} = Maximum of {0,160,128,135} = 160 f these three values of f(x) absolute minimum value = Minimum of (f(0), f(4), f(8), FO} = Minimum of {0,160,128,135} = 0 So, absolute maximum value = 160 and absolute minimum value = 0. https://chat.whatsapp.com/Cgk7APDWHR{KpIrsk5NBGR_ 37lPage DlPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. B.Ed. (+918985581155)ECLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 CHAPTER-07 @ INDEFINITE INTEGRALS Jetde=“S46.n # =1 racaxee Bax = [xl +0,x # 0 (or) fixldx =e ¢ 1 [rae =togelel +c d ae 2vx SG) = oor a > as) =(- cosx) = sinx al ) d Gina) = cosx ad = = sec? gy tan) = sec?x J gee ‘dx = tanx+C = (-cotx) = cosec? x a ) ec? xdx = —cotx+C d qeGeew) = sec. tay sec xtanxdx = secx+C a Flr cosecx) = J cose cot de = —cosecx +6 { sin x+e =« costx +e [Rees vi =x? —cos*x +e 14x? 1 tantx +c dx ={ lane =cot™*x +e 1 1+x? T = cot xtc [ee fay 1 belWx? = 1 Ss sectx+clxl>1 xcosec tx tc 1 las 1 = (cosee" x) = = ix ive f cosec x +¢,|x|>1 sectx+c 1 ———=7. n= * SOME STANDARD RESULTS ON INTEGRATION: + ZU Fe) av) = £0) SEG @)ae = fle +e Lk f(x) dx = kf f(x) dx,where kis a constant SUC) £ G9} de = f f(x) dx t f g(x) dx GENERALIZATION The above results can be generalized to the form 381Page GOPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., B.Ed (esis98sssiiss) OOCLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 d Falogsinx) = cox Jota loglsinx| +.¢ d = c = Ciogeos) = tan Ttanx dx = —logleosx1 + ¢ (on loglsecxl +e S hos(seex +tan]=secx | fsecxde = loglsecx + tanx| + c (or) log [tan (Z+2)| +c ad E.ttog(coseex —cot)] = cosee x Secosec xdx = log|cosecx ~ cot x| +c (or) log |tan(2)| +c J ths.) + haf) to badd) de = ef fal) te f fC) dt INTEGRATION BY THE METHOD OF SUBSTITUTION (CHANGE OF VARIABLE) SUFCOV 2.) de =O +6, (2 = LF) > 0) LO = Lia = loglf()I+¢ [Bae =.Fa@te SIG}. GF Cae = f(g} +¢ INTEGRATION USING TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES (2 sin x cos x COSC X + COLX a sinzx={ 2eanx Tcose Treante pees costx = sin®x Bevv2x=) 1 aie OY @ iat stan? sine Mon 1 sin(A + B) = sinA.cosB + cosA.sinB -antx HI sin(a — B) ~ sina. cos B ~ cosA.sinB corte © cos(4 + B) = cosA.cosB ~ sinA.sinB © cos(A~ B) = cosA.cosB + sinA.sinB a sin 3x={ a tan Atta a tan(4 + B) = ‘tan Atan B D1 cos 3x, EI tan(A — B) = 2 Tran Aran B BZ 2sina cosB = sin(A + B) + sin(A~ B) 1 2cosa sink (A + B) — sin(A — B) scSate 1 2cosAcosB = cos(A + B) + cos(A —B) (cOSeC X — COLX 1 2sin Asin B = cos(A— B) — cos(A + B) \Treose ZI sinc + sinp = 2sin(<*).cos (=) sin in D = 2cos(2 sing 1 sinc - sin = 2cos (5). sin(S*) sinx. Bi tan2x= Z cot 2x= Psu HI cos ¢+ cos D ~ 20s (E2) cos (2) sims El cos ¢— cos D = -2sin (=). sin(S 3 vty = corty Ol sinte 22 BI costx= "2 391Page MOPrepared by:Y. VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. B.Ed. (918985851155) ECLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 Hi sin? + cos*@=1 1 1+tan’@ = seco & 1+ cot?@ = cosect@ Find {5 aa Let] = J = Sin(b— |e _ sin(xx~ a) cos( x ~b) = cos(x =a) sin(x=b) 5. -maca! cos(x — a)cos(x — b) Ie sine cor x=) _ cots os — Py =sin(b—a)} leos(x—a)cos(x—b) cos(x a) cos(x—b) alee -aaca!l ftan( x — a) — tan( x — b) Q = mS log|cos(x — a)| + loglcos( x —b)|] +, = Saco Tap lealeas(x — a) —logleos(—D)I) 2 Find: | pose Sok Let =f mapa 1 sin{(x +b) — Icos(x leg (eos al +e =aozal -ma=a! 1 si s(x + a) sin(x +b) ~ sin(b =a! es ~ cos(x + a) cos(x +b), cos(x + b)} C= Sacay °9 Feral *e - pelea cos(b—a)* sin(x—a)cos(x—b) cos( x — a) cos(x —b) + sin(x — a) sin(x — Dy b= sf sin(x= a) cos(x =D) _ fos = cosh al Sint = ara] leat =a) + tan(x—b)]de = oalsin= = a)| = log|cos(x — by|] +€ 1 sin( x = cash aay * 109 os = al +e is equal to ie 4 Siro aolPage Elprepared by:V.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se.. B.Ed. (+918985551155) 0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 (A) sin(b - a) log | (B) cosec (b — a) lo; a Fe (©) cosec(b - a) log | () sin(b - a) log [2 (C) is correct option. ne sino sina)» Let = Sas el amen ssin(x — a) cos(x — b D) “aaa! ‘sin(x — a) sin(x —b) sin(x— a) cos(x—b) cose ~a)sin(x Dax IW =a) J pero Sin(x —a)sin(x—b) sin(x—a) sin(x —b)| ale sinGe—b)) dx “m= aS leone b) = cor(x = a)|dx = Sater lealsinGs— d)| ~ loglsin(x — a) |] +¢ = cosec(b — a) log | +6 INTEGRALS OF SOME PARTICULAR FUNCTIONS Sotzde =ttant @) +e wee | 40 Sandee = Slog || dx = Hog [4] +c {aries *(5) +0, why € (—00, -a) U (a,00) EVALUATION OF INTEGRALS OF THE FORM { Sat tame Dae Pian 2x + 3x7] +B > 5x —2 = A(2 + 6x) +B > 5x -2 = 6Ax +(2A+B) of like texms on both sides we get: =2A+B>B=-11/3 =22f42x¢3e7]-5 siz Enlivactar}-> Thetefore, I = {dx = fae Bd i Sagi t 2x + 3x? = [1 + 2x + 3x? =| bal J Z aad Kt Vet 1 ae 1+ 2x + 3x2 T+ 2x + 3x? 6) T+ ax+3x" 3) 14+ 2x 43x" Put 1 + 2x + 3x? = ¢ in the first integral = (2 + 6x)dx ailPage El Prepared by:V.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se., 8.€d. (+918985ss1189)E0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 1 1 1 5p. 1 ofl 1 Bee 5] gal 5 (x+3) +5 (e+ I 1 Bf. it 1 5 1 (x+3) =2 frat = — te tan' | =3) pa 5 dx ‘tan te tx = 20 2 FOS (+3) +(2) as 2) _ 13 = $log |1 + 2x + 3x*| - Stan «1 =2log|1+ 2x + 3x? —sptan 27 2 Find: {Sasa Sok Let = Saaenae® 91> 6! ara araerygs : sists wm 8 +o See 1 294 =i 2 xe 31 = Flogl3x? + 25x + 28| + x3] 1 29 = iog|3x? ~ 10422 31 = Glog|3x? + 13x wis Sf 21 3. Find: {dx Sol: Let = f—4 Tetons Box+2=A(4x+6)+B>x+25 44x + (A+B) f likeferms on both sides we get: 2=64+B>B=+ TE ax? + or +5] +5 are pimetonsit yy (eee i Jes BY arts aes Myerocs t Trae 1 a [2x? + 6x + 5] 1 1 a)" te + oxt5 +3 operat Put 2x? + 6x +5 = cin the first integral. Then (4x + 6)dx = de ae 1 1 =e zax+5{—— ade aye 2 2[x? + 343] He 1 => pars | Ae 4A aaa t(2 a2|Page Gprepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. 8.€d. (918985851155)CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 tpl, 1 1 Tf.) 1 1 =afee4/— =5 pu44{— oe are By 1 Ata 3), (L («+3) +4 («+2) +() 3 (DL Mogae Lan Ae te = Glog | 2x? + 6x +5] +ztan (2x43) +k 2 (3) flog | 2x? + 6x + 5] +Ftan “(2x +3) +k. where ‘is integral constant. (OR) x2 apse 1 meer 91 = {I east Sta GS 8 de 2p =4loglax? 2yd meres tT apes tO! = Glogs? + r+ 5) 442x557 axiot2 erect 1 3) @ oT = Flog|2x + 6x +5] + Stan (2x +34 1 1 1 Sr = Floghax? +ox+ sl+3 f pax 91 = zlogl2x? + 6x tl + $logl2x? + 6x +5] + Stan tx + 3)+C. ae Crea ews ca v 1. Evaluate: / = ax Sol: Letx +2 = AS[x? + 2x43] +B ( +B3x+2=2Ax+2A4+B On equating the Coeff of like terms on bo! bet = at = 1=243A=4 ¢ 2A+B>B=1 Therefore, x + 2 = bx" +1 Therefore, = fz 4 2 ay 2 20d a +s Smee Ot as Put x? + 2x + st integral, Then © [x? + 2x + 3]dx = de 1fl 1 “la | Ta je = F[2vF] + Hog x +) + (e+n+ 07] +e = Vx? + 2x +3 + log|(x + 1) + Vx? ¥2x + 3] +c Sol: Letx +3 = E15 4e- 7] 4B x43 AC-2x-4) +B Sx43= 2Ax-4A+B On equating the Coefi of like terms on both sides we get: 1=-243A=-3 and 3=-4A4+B5B=1 Therefore, x + 3 = Therefore, J a31Page DOPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc.. B.Ed. (.918985851155)E0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 st integral, Then © [5 ~ 4x — x?]dx 1f1 1 1f1 otf hace [aes f a et (=[x? + 4x — 5] ve [x2 + 4x +2? — 2? —5] 1p 1 1 a& = -3) qe £5 =-3[v5- 2-2 | ———_, = Soro - sin (SH) 40 INTEGRATION BY PARTIAL FRACTIONS wa Ifdegree of f(x) < degree of g(x), then Lis called proper ra vw If degree of f(x) = degree of g(x), then LB is called improper CASE 1: When denominator g(x) is expressible as the product of no} Let g(x) = (x— a4)(x — a) Lo) Then, we assume that Where Ay Ap, Agwssseen s CASE 2; When denominator Let g(x) = (x — a)K(x — ay) (x fe) An ¥ M9 2A, Then, we assume that 77> = Th + COS +e 1, Evaluate: laa” Sol: The given integrand j finetion, Therefore, by using the partial fraction, we write x A A(x +2) + B(x +1) @+D@+a «+ Dat) @+rinx+d) 24+B(-14+1)5-1=4 ‘ Putx 24+2)4BC-24+D5-— Thus, iven by, —— 142 Sx =A(e+2)+B@4+1) GG ~ ea ee 12 de = { [A+ Bax =—JAde+2$oax mat 2 —loglx + 1| + loglx + 2/2 +6 = ‘The given integrand is a proper rational fimetion, Therefore, by using the partial fraction, we write 1 _4 Be, 1 _ AG +3) + BO ~3) GIES) x8 xFS ODE — DOTS) Put x = 3 then 1 = A(3 +3)+B(3-3)31= 6A Put x = —3 then 1 = A(—3 + 3) + B(-3 -— 3) > 1=-6B > 1=A(e +3) + BG 3) 1 =e ye Thus, the integrand is given by, os = a4lPage [prepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se.. 8.€4. (1818985551155)CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 a = ap apa Therefore, { oy ae = J [& + xB] dx =2f pdx -2f Syax = Hoglx — 3] —Hloglx + 3] +6 = flogle — 3] —loglx +31] + ¢ =2log|5—2] +c = Gost 3h Glog = gllogls— 31 —loglx + I] = poses mole te = Styx = flow ER] +e 3. Evaluate: Scam Sol: The given integrand is a proper rational function. Therefore, by using the partial fracti 3x-1 A @-De-De-s) x-1)x-2°x-3 > 3x1 _ AG = 2)(@- 3) +B@-1) (= 1) = 2) = 3) > 3r-1 Put x = 1 then 3(1) —1 = A(1—2)(1—3) +B - 1) - 3) =2 Put x = 2 then 3(2) 1 = A(2—2)(2—3) + B(2 > 5=0+B)(-1) +055 Put x = 3 then 3(3) —1 4. Evaluate: Iwas Sol: The given integrand. r fanction. Therefore, by using the partial fraction, we write 2x3 A.B c GoD HGets) x1 eT Ie _ AG + (2x +3) + BOe= 2x + 3) + CO = DHT) xt 3) (@— Des ars 3) + 1)(2x +3) + B(x 1) (2x +3) + C(x 1)r+1) Put x. 1) —3 = A(-14 1)(2(-1) +3) + B(-1- 1)(2(-1) +3) +. C(-1- 1(-1 4.1) 3-5 =0+B(-2)(1) 405-5 =-20 3.9 =8 ut Sh then 2(1) — 3 = A(1 + 1)(2(1) + 3) + BC — 1)(2(1) +3) +C(1 - 1)(1 + 1) 3-15 A(@)(6) +0405 -1= 104 32 A=-s5 Pata ft 3)-v aE re 3} +9) +4( 2-203 +9)+0(C3)-N(C+) 6=0+0+¢(-5)(-) 6=2c =-6=0+046(-2)(-z)=-6=2¢ =. ‘Thus, the integrand is given by, 2x—3 _ 2x-3 G?-D@xt3) @- DAF NOxt3) aglPage COPrepared by:¥. VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc.. B.Ed. (-918985851155E0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 ‘Therefore, f woe" =f [= +aptytlag 1 2Alog|2x +3) 1 70 =o te 3 12 — loghx — 11 +Zloglx + 11 -—logl2x + 31 + ¢ logl — 11 + Slogl + a|- 2 waaay 1. Evaluate: f . - ae Sok Let = [ ae Putx? +1= t= 2xdx = dt. So, 1 = f— ms + 315A 43) 4 Bt 1 = At 4 3A4 BES 1= (A dt On equating the coefficients of like terms, we have: A = } B= -2 ax a = + a(t wpe” = Sit =f (+ 3) a= G-¥ =i at =4 aH = 1=Hog|t|—4log |t +3] + k= 1 = +log] | xh 1 So, 1 = Slog e 2. Evaluate: {Samy 4 (OR) Put +e* Sma” aio | +4, where kis inte leeral Sol Let = = pt 80.1 = Jaman a 4,28 tae Consider Woew iat ie Haat ie c= s[h+at|a= Put sinx =t > cosxdx = dt 1 cass . a= [aaat? Ieameamn =I O the partial fraction, we write B 1 — Alt-2)+8(¢-1) = _ = 2 > CED “ERED = 1=A(t—2) + B(t— 1) (1-2) +B0-1) 1 (2-2) +B(2-1) 31 Thus, the integrand is given by, —— Therefore from (i), Saar” =f = —loglt — 1| + loglt — 2| + C = log 4. Find: | anmn Sol: Let] = es Saamnenmn * Put sinx = t > cosxdx = dt 46|Page DPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., B.Ed. (+918985551155) 00CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 dx =f coz z Therefor, | Terma =! THe 2 Soe By using the partial fiaction, we write aL aA 1 __ A@2)ratesy) Tans arth? Tea ee AEH) + BEE D Putx = —1 then 1 = A(-1+2)+B(-14+1)31=(1)A oA Put x = —2 then 1 = A(-2 +2) +B(-2+ 1) 31 = (-1)B 2B ‘Thus, the integrand is given by, me 44 na) Te 05x 1 maat @ maarsins) Therefore fom @. J Gar = [E+ lat = fyae- fae mn = =log|t +1] —logit +2] + C =k = C= log SY =loglt + log|t + 2| + = los a to = 8 ae al + Sind f Qe gy cost xT sine Sok Lat = [peop 91 = Grassy By using the partial fraction, we write AB 3-2 t-4't-3 7° @-HE-D = A(t—3) + B¢—4) Putt = 4 then 3(4) — 2= AG—3) +B 1 = 10log|sinx — 4| - 7log|sinx —3| + 1. Evaluate: lore ‘onal fimetion, Therefore, by using the partial fraction, we write Co eA 2 AH) BE HB) HOCH x43 @+I'@+3) @ +P @+3) = Ae + 1)(x + 3) + Be +3) + C(x +1)? 1) = 25 A(-1 + 1)(-1 + 3) + B14) + C(-1 41? 3 -5=2B ~B=-3 yen 3(—3) — 2 = A(-3 + 1)(-3 + 3) + B(-3 +3) + C(-3 +1)? e-t14c .c=-8 Put = 0 then 3(0) — 2 = A(0 + 1)(0 +3) + B(O-+3) + C(O +1)? 3-2 = 3449840 >-2=3443(-3)4+(-4)s-24444=34 se-2 > wae = eH tae ‘Thus, the integrand is given by. sr-2 Boo Therefore, | rary = S leet Gay tas |e 1 1 5 1 1 L =F ma" 3a 7) x43 L = i dx= > 2) — Plog + 31 +6 a7lPage CPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. B.Ed. (918985551155) E0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 i 1 3/1 a, xl =i ap 3/42 () c tog =| gle + 1 —Plosle + 31 +5 (545 +3 ma" 2 Fink: | et Sol: The given integrandis a proper rational funtion. Therefore, by using the partial fraction, we write x Ay Bye = AG=DG+2)+BCe42)+COm1 | Goes rat Gap tee? Spey nea) 3x =A(w- 1) + Be +2) +C(xe-1)? Putx = 1 then 1 = ACL —1)(1+2)+B(1+2)+C(1- 1)? 31=3B «Bat Put x = -2 then -2 = A(-2—1)(-2 + 2) + B(-2 + 2) + (-2 - 1)? -2 = 96.4@@c = -2 Put x = 0 then 0 = A(O ~1)(0 +2) + B(02 +2) +C(0-1)? 30 =-24 +2 = 0=-24+42(2)+(-2 Thus, the integrand is given by, =e — p_aets: =S ae” wate 3 3x45. = Ae —1)(r +1) + BO then 3(1) +5 = AQ -1 «3 °@-DF +1) ~ G1) + Gy + Gt) Sot ea|e aot +$log|x+1| +k. Hence, I = Flog Putx? +1=y = 2xdx = dy "VOR yy HF S1=A(y +1)? + By +1 +cy On comparing the like terms both sides, we get A = 1,B =—1,€ = -1 sols j(2-4- dy 31 = logly|— logly +Ul+55+6 yaa war) Therefore, ! = log|x? + 1] —log|x? + 2) +o +e nad: (| —_ZAt 2. Find: Imre Xp etdye _ pear Sol: Pute* =t > e%dx =dtinI = lees at say. So, we have T= [ot 48|Page DOPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., B.Ed. (+918985551155) 00CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 1 oF 1 Jat > 1 = (Zlog|t + 2| - Flog |t-1|-3x+) +e te 4 f 22988 ag. (OR) Find | SEMEBEME Gy, ‘S-cost 6-45ind cost p—tsingd (sin6-2)cos6 = fp Gsind=-2) e050 = / Gsine-2)c0s0 Fos asin 8 21 =f re Put sin =¢ = cos 0 d0 = dt. Then 1 = [-$ Letl = f mated (A(t-2)+B ay ay (t—2) +B => 3t—2=At—2A4+B On equating the like terms on both sides, we get: A 4) dt 1 = (3log|t- 2) + = 3log|2~ sino|- + +C(or)1 = 3logl2= reed —__—_ PTC dx = | (EHD dx =f |x +292 + (V2) dx e 2+ (v2) + Dog (x+y + (r+aye+ (| +0. dx = [Vat +4 FOF dx = f (ay Sx =f | (x +2)? — (V3) ax = (+2) (V3) — Dog (x+2) + (r+ae= (| +0. ae (PFET ~ Flog (+2) + FAT +6 We've used: [ Vx? —a@2dx = 2vx? a? —“tog|x + Vx2 a2 | + C and, I(x +2)? - (V3) = Vee aT JV3=2x —xtdx. SN3= ox — xedx = f (—(? + 2x — B)dx = f V—G? + 2x + 1? — 12 3)dx ag|Page [prepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc.. 8.4. (+818988851155) 0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 =f GF? - Dax = J (27+ Idx We have used { Va? = adx = iVaF =a? + Ssin-* (2) +6 ah yiH Tea + tsin (SF) +0 = Sea + 25 (FH) +0 4. Find: { V1 — 4x —x%dx. Sok f VI 4x3 dx = f (=P + 4x Dax = f JOP 4 FPP Dd =f YOR F DY Spd = f | (V5) — (x + 22d We have used | Va? —xdx = 2VaF—aF +“ sin-*(2) +6 = 22 |(v5) - +27 +B sin (22) +0 =*2VI io + Si DEFINITE INTEGRATIO PROPERTIES OF DEFINITE INTEGRALS PROPERTY 3 (ADDITIVITY): . J pla)dx = ff fa)de + { f(x)dx, where a F =~ ffQx- dx + fPax— dx = -pS-aff+ 25 x. = fx? - xf +? =a? 3. Evaluate [*|x? -2x| dx. (x? — 2x),ifl Pope ae 31 = fi(x? = 2x)de t [2 (x? = 2x)dx > 1 =--], +[F-2"], Sol: Consider f(x) = |x? - 2x1 > f(x) = x(x - 2) ={ $01Page [prepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. 8.€d. (+818988551155) 0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 21=-[G-)-G-]+le-9-€-9)] 21 —[-ted]e[or=-[-aeflsr=$ 4. Evaluate {* [x3 — x| dx. Sol Let = J? |x? - xldx 3= f° fd + fp fCddx + JP fx)dx, where f(x) = be? — x1 (Qt -x),if-1 =f fodder [f@ddx fx—x+2—-x4+4=6-x,if0sx<2 where (09 = Lol + em alt ema = PEATE TS CTH Se st By (@, we have: J = {[(6—x)dx + [f(r + 2)dx > 1 =—3[(6— x75 +F1@ + 2)"13 = 1 = -3[16 — 36] +3 [86 - 16] 2 1=20. 2 gilPage [prepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se.. B.Ed. (+818985551155)0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 8. Evaluate: {°{|x— 1 + |x—2| + |x —3l}dx. Sol Let = fPfle— 1) + |x — 2) + |x- 3l}dx > 1 = file Ade t file 2d + file — 3ldx 3 > 5 ; 5 are ftentldes [ix zlde+ f beads fix atdx + [beatae 5 2 s 3 s = —1dx —x)dx = 2)dx — x)d. -3)d: al fe 1) +fe x) +e 2) +[oe vd [oe 3)dx 2 1atie--He- wht 7H HHO gle 37 21-4 p6-o-ho-11+29-0)-h0- ay [f4- njsrmastede PROPERTY 4: If f(x) is continuous function defined on [a,b], then [" f(x)dx= [? flat b = WORKING RULE: s7Ep i: Put = f° fladx ——-—- (i) STEP &: Apply the theorem I = [? f(a + b— x)dx S7EP 5: Add (i) and (ii) to get, 20 = J? f(addx + [? flat, (S78P @: Find out 21 by integrating RHS of Step 3 eae Consider f? f(x) dx. dx = -dt. = band, whenx = b >t =a So, fF) dx = [2 f(a 4, Ff? (a+b — tar] S2 f(a+b=t)dt Hence, £ Fear = fe x [Replacing ¢ by x a/3__de bet = ie eae dx m3 dx ot{ #14 fans) ass 1+ Vootx viene dx 5 1 i=. ) a = (PP M@e* 67 7 (1-—_) ar a Je OF Vian) dx — [. Inyo V+ To via zt By @.1 = bq —1 > 2 =3- 2. Evaluate: (re, = t/3__de _ pts_Vstirds Sok Let = [ie spears 2! = Inje amewens © By using the property, {? f(x) dx = J? f(a + b— x)dx, we have 1a? POTD, = 9 VETt © nie Toneeret—ayeeosweraiay | = Info Yeas Adding (i) & (i), we get: 27 = ieee ia ee g2lPage MPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. B.Ed. (918985851155) ECLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 — 2 Rs —1 alas fij, dx 1 =| (8 <=, 3. Find: (? 2 _ (8_\Ie Sol Let) = [PS By using the property, {? f(x) dx = J? (a+ b—x)ax, _ pp _aa, _ | Loos pe Now =) Seen P= Lae P= GeO By adding (i) and Gi), we get: — (9° VE 8 41> lipase eth (2 (STENT ea ee (D) VE VO Ve Fone eto dx => 21 = {) 1dx > 21 = [x]$ > 21 = dx 3 21 = [Pt Ty = (M/s__sinax a hie cata © = Seie Fre scosTox ® By using the property, {? f(x) dx = J? f(a + b-x)dx sin’/s (2x) ax= gh os"! ie 7 ag y sin’lax + cos /2x , 7 >= =o 3 21 = [x]n3 3 27 = "/3-Y gala J cose + sin Tex Pe -"l6?!=3 s PROPERTY 5: If f(x) is continuous fun: , 20 = fy f(xdx + Jp f(a—x)dx rating RHS of Step 3 5 Vame a a =e 0 By wing {*/(a)dx = [2/(a-x)dx Wey de dx (OR) Evaluate: QS 5 vcore Now, 1 = CTE ED ax = Fe de Gi) Vsinx dx + Voosx_ Vsinx+Veosx Veosx+Vsinx ENGR a > 21 = E1dx 0 Yama ease Now, Equ @ + Equ Gi) 3/41 = g31Page MPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc. B.Ed. (+91898585115590CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 22 =[x2 = 2 = osra ~ as 2 EEF dx (OR) Evaluate: j°” ax. Veose nisin Tae VRE Sol Let = ip dx - By using {° f(x)dx = f° f(a—x)dx 2. Evaluate: & Now, 1 = fe =e amxevcose dx ~~ (i) Now, Eau @) + Bow, i) = 141 = [ke de + [Fe ae ES TEaN EES = 30 = eax 3 ars Gide 321 = [x], 32 E-05 (OR) = Pa 4 _( Let = [SO By using [f f(x)dx = fy f( _ fa - fe = pte Yama OTe Baga ave?! = I Teveame* O) ax Trees to ae Idx 3 21 = [x]f? = 21 =2-0 Adding (i) and (ii), we get 20 = [5 aus jr? 3. Evaluate: 7" dx sit xscost TA dx 3 2 = fel dx > 21 4. Evaluate: (2 Ans: 5. Evaluate: ¢- & Let 1 = Jf mee (i) By using ff f(x)dx = ff f(a - x)dx Now. 1 = VE dy = [CE dy -... (i) So Tes Ut = So ane Now, Eau () + Fqu Gi) = 741 = [$e ae + (8 ee lo 32 = [NES ae 3 = [de 32 = [8 3 =a-05 1 = salPage DOPrepared by:¥. VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc.. B.Ed. (.818985851155)E0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 - 2023 9, Evaluate: {j'x(1 — x)"dx Sol. Let = (2 x(1 —a)"dx By using [(' f(x)dx = fi" f(a — x)dx Sls [oe =n{1-(-a}"dx r= [a =xx"dx 3 1= [oe =x" Yd ore ft gy [2p qa Gl, net 142. nea (an @r2) “Gaya 10. Prove that [5 f(x) dx = f' f(a — x)dx, hence evaluate ¢ Trot dt Sol. Consider f° f(x) dx. Letx =a—t = dx = —de. Also, whenx = 0 > t = a and, whenx = a> By using Jp f(x)dx = fp f(a — x)dx, 80, Pf) dx = {2 f(a— 0) (dd) = -[- f(a— at] = ff Hence, fi" f(x) dx = J f(a - x)dx Lot P= ff AStEdx...(i) By using {f f(x)dx = ff flay 1 (=x) sin(n—2) (n=) sinx als eax st fo ax es Put cosx = t = sinxdx = —dt. When x = 05 ¢ = Lwhenx =, By (i and Gi), we get: 21 = m_xsinx 1L Evaluate: {f 275 Lo Freer By using [5 f(x)dx = fj f(a — x)dx *(m—x)sinx _ J, 4 cost x wo et 20 = wf de F(x = x), So by using {5" Fxdde = 2, Fladdatf f(a 3) = 02), sinx dx > T= de Patcosx = 6 = sinxdy = When x = 0,t = 1,whenx oat 7 ae ar apt fhe tanh Ss rerxi tan shet= 12. Evaluate: ("4 dx. (OR) Prove that: {27 2" *— dx = Flog(1 +2). Sol. Let! = [ode uO By using [9 f(x)dx = fy f(a - x)dx 2a Pe te 2 1 = oP tae) Onadding @ & (i), we get 51Page OPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Se., B.Ed. (1918086551155 )E0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 oar aaa 2 te me lpm ax STS he Bg mao) a opm/2_ dx 1 pm/2 m wae aR?! = aa cosec(x +2) dx dx 21 = [Pe m2 ax a ————+_ 21 =a Bh Gokamatons) ol 21 =24[log osec(x +2) —cot(x+2)[f Falleo eosec +2) — cot (£+2)|] -syll00 ease (0+ aa ltog [sec (2) + ean) - s[t09 [eos ec (Z) - coe (%)l] 31 =Zp[loglv2 + 1] - Zp [log|v2 1] > 1 = Zelloglv2 + 1| = loglvZ 21 = alt Beep ell > 1= salle A] 13. Evaluate: [f —*""* dx. Sol. Let! = lo (oases G) By using [¢ f(x)dx nies) pmer-aytams 31 Mo Sceorayrtange-ay & = Io secxseanx (i) fanz y seenmtann yo 9p = Fan? x) dx = Ul =r f{(secx tan x — sec? x + 1) d; tanx +x]3 = 21 =af{[secm — tanm + 1] — [seco > WU =a([-1-047]- [1-04 Adding () and (ii), 21 = m J¢- 32 = Ses Sec tame m_xsinx 14. Evaluate: {7 "dx. Sol. Let / = (7 =" lo Te3co = = pt sing STS Se Tiscastee 1eBc0s x lo Tescost = dx + [7 CRA ay = fae Flay], _ N32 a) 2 rae tan“ — == FI v3 - tan“ VOJSI=TK EG log(1 + tan x) dx §2/*log(1 + tanx)dx @ By using Jp f(x)dx = fy f(a — x)dx, we have: T= [3""log (14 tan (E-x)) dx r= ff" log (1+) ax 2 dx 31 = J""(log2—log(1+tanx))dx —..Gi) sI= gE tog ( Adding (i) and (ii), we get Trane. n/a _ n/a (*[log(1 + tanx) + log 2 — log(1 + tanx)|dx = 21 = log 2 JX" ax = 2 = log 2 bely/* = (3) log2 1s (2)log2 a= s6I1Page GOPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., B.Ed. (+918985551155) C0CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 CHAPTER-08 @ APPLICATION OF INTEGRALS PROBLEMS BASED ON CIRCLE 1. Using integration, find the area enclosed by the circle x? + y* = 2. (A) 20 sq. units (B) 2V2n sq. units (C) 4n? sq.units (D) 27 sq. units Sok We have x? + y? @ vytsl-xtoy= Px Equation (j) represents a circle with centre (0,0) and radius V2, so it meets the axes at (+V72, 0) and (0, +V2). From Figure, the whole area enclosed by the given citcle = 4 (area of the region bounded by the curve, x-axis and the ordinates x = oq and x = 2) [as the circle is symmetrical about both x-axis and y-axis] Required area = 4 J" vey VP - x2 ax =f v2- + pion te - ne aA = 4{[0 + sin 1] — [0 + sin“? 0}} = af] =[0]} = 42 = ansg.units it and bounded by the circle x? + y? = 4 and the lines x = 0 and x = 2, usi \- Ar (BF @)* (A) is the corr We have x? + y’ Required ar 3. Find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by x —axis, the line x = Vy and the circle x? +y? = 4, using integration. Sol: We have x = V3y...(i),x? + y? Solving (i) & (ii), we get: 3y* + y* =4 > y =41 + points of intersections: (V3, +1). + Required area= fo" y,de + [yu ES xax + [VIR ax g7lPage DlPrepared by:Y.VENKATESWARA RAO H.Se., B.Ed. (+918985551155)CLASS XII IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS FOR CBSE BOARD EXAMS 2022 ~ 2023 aah] - tr} + (5 z] Va ry == 13 +[2x4]-[F+2x9]> This is the area bounded with x axis. ‘Now area bounded with y axis isdn(2)? = 2 sq. units. 4. Find the area of the region lying in the first quadrant and enclosed by x-axis, the li and the circle x? + y? = 32. (OR) Using integration, find the area of the region in the first quadrant enclo; axl® the line y = x and the circle x? + y? = 32. (OR) The area of the region in the first quadrant enclosed by x-axi ®> ind the circle xt +y? = 32is (A) 167 sq. units (B) 4nsq.units (C) 32 sq. (D) 24 sq.units Sol: The given equations are y = x... (i), x? + y? = 32... (ti) “a B(O, a) =a ma, 4) fd.) (4,4) + \. [os | Solving (i) & (ii), we get + points of intersection 7324 4 32 4 32 — (4V2)" + SSsin tS} — 5 3a + Fon} (A) +5 a 2 2 We. V2V32 = 32 + 16 sin“ 1] -ye= = 16 + 16 sin- al x4 — [2x44 16x32] = 8480-8 —4n oe 4m sq.units ration, find the smaller area enclosed by the circle x? + y? = 4 and the line x + y = 2. Weluve x? + y? =4—- (i) andx +y = 2-—- (i) Solving (i) and (ii), we get x? + (2—x)? = 4 => 2x? - 4x = 0 = 2x(x- 2) =0 3x =0orx= ‘Therefore, the points of intersection are (0,2), (2,0) Required area = [o{V4—x? — (2 -x)} dx as [Vine + Ss *4]’ 42-2973 = {(0+2%4)-0}+2[0 — 4] 3= 2 —259.units 2 s81Page QOPrepared by:¥.VENKATESWARA RAO M.Sc., B.Ed. (+918985551155) C0