Addis Ababa University

College of Natural and Computational sciences

Departhent of Mathematics
Applied Mathematies IlI (Math2042)
Worksheet I
1. First order ODEs

(1) Classify the diferential equations according to type (i.e ODE or PDE) and
find its degree (if it exists). order. Also

(a) " + 4y = 2 dy
(b) dra dy + (cos )y = dy +1
d da2

(d) (o)-3y =e dy y
\de.
() du?
(2) Classify the following differential equations as linear or nonlinear.
dy 1
(a) dæ 2 +y (b) 3yy +5y +7ay= 0 (c) y -uy = 2r (d) (o)'-3y = e"
(3) In cach of the following cases, eliminate the constants C1 and C] among y,y and y to
find the differential equation statisfied by the given family of functious.
(a) y = C1# + c2 (b) y= Cje' t c2e (c) y = (Ci + c2¢)et
(d) y= CcOs T + c2sina (e) y= CË cosh + c2 sinh (f) y = ca + cg sinr
(4) Verify that the given general solution statisfy the differential equatiol. Then find the
particular solution that satisfies the initial condition.
-2:r
(a) y + 2y = 0; y= ce y(0) =3
(b) 2y +-3ay + 3y = 0, y(2) = 0, y (2) = 4
(c) ay + y = 0, y=c+cln , y(2) =0, y(2) =.
(5))Sliow tlat te following first order ODEs are Separable. Tlhen hud thcir solutions.
(a)
dy (b) (y ln.)y = y²+1 (c) (1 + )tan-'e dy +y=0
de
da
dy dy
(d) da (E) (2ay +4u)y = (ey) +y'
(6) Show that the equation y = f(, y) is honiogenevus if f(, y) is such that f(u, te) =
f(1, t), where t is a real paramneter. Use this fact to determine whether each of the
following equations is honogeneous.
(b) y = ln -- ny+ (c) y =
(a) y =

3022/2023.
Addis Ababa University, Departnnent of Mathematica, ncademis year
(7) Determine wlhether or not eaclh of the
If so. find the general solutiou. following differential cquations is homogeneous.
dy
(a) de 2.: (b) (2x + y)dr ydy 0 dy
(c) de 2
dy +2 dy
(d) (e)
dr 3y da 2:: ()(y)du +(y' -)dy 0
(8) Solve the following
nou-homogeneous first order ODEs. (Hint: Consider apreliminary
substitution r X - h. u= Y- k, Choose the constants h and k so that the equation
is homogeneous in the variables X and Y.)
dy 2y - +5
dy 42 + 3y + 15
(a) (b)
da J y- 6 da: da 4
2. +y +7
(c)
(9)/Test whether the ODEs are exact and solve those that are.
(a) (2a 3) + (2y - 3) da
0 (b) yda +zdy a 0 (c) (2y +1)da +(uy - 1)dy = 0
(d) ( - y)dz +( +y)dy =0 (e) (2+ a)dt + (2tu -- )de z= 0
[(D)(1 2uy)dr +(4y' -)dy =0 (g) sin tcO8 zdt - sin e cos tde = )
(10) Find the value of b for which the given equation is exact, and then solve it using that
value of b.

(a) (zy' +- bu²y)du+ (e +y).dy 0 (b) (yezuy+ a)de + baervdy 0

(11) Show that the differential equatiou (uzy +by)da + (ba'y + az)dy =0 is exact if a b.
If a # b, show tlhat u(z, y) =y'" is the integrating factor, where
26 - a 2u -+ b

(12) Find a value of k, if possible, such that each of the following ODE is everywhere exact.
(a) (ay² +kr'y +z'de +(a' +a'y +y)dy =0 (b) yey 42r +(kzezry - 2u)y =0
(13) exact.
Find all functions g such that the differential equation gu)e' +ayy =0 iseverywhere
(14) Using the given integrat.ing factor u(u, y), find the general solution of the ODES.
(a) (41y + 2y²)dlu + (322 4 4ry) dy = 0, u(z, y) = ay?
(b) (3y² + 5ay)du +(37y + 2r)dy = 0, ulz, y) =ay
(c) -y'dr +(uy'-')dy 0, u(, y)
(uy)?
(15) Find the an appropriate integrating factor for ench ODE ad solve.
ly
(a) (3uy+u2) +(u²+y) dar ) (b) wdy +(2y-- 4 )da =0 (c) yda +(1-z)dy =0
(dy (y +ay')dr +wdy = 0 (e) (u-y)du +rdy =0 () yda + 3vdy = )

2Addis Ababa University, Department of Mathenaties, acadenmie year 2022/2023.

(16) Solve the first-order linear ODEs. dy
(a) (z- 1)u +yp1 (c)

dy () 2a(1 -u)
+()3+4
(17) Solve cach of the following Bernonlli ifferential equations.
(a) y +3ar"y y (b) y g (c) yy - 2y'e (d) y + y /y
i+y
(e) 3y +3y - 2oy ()y Ay 2e'yü (s) /+y 3ry' (h) 2uyy
propositionalto the amount of the investrnent at
(18) The rate of growth of aninvestment is
dA
any time t. That is
dt = kA.
equation, where c and k are
(a) Show that A cekt is a solutio) of this diferential
COnstants.
equation if the initial invest inent is
(b) Find the particular solution of tiis liffereutial 3320.12 dollars.
is
1000 dollars, and 10 years later the balance
half-life?
of its weight within one day, what is its
(19) If in a reactor, uranium 97U loses 10% to disappear?
How long would it take for 99% of the original amount
into a room whose temperature is 25°C. After
(20) A thermometer showing 10°C is broughttherinolileter reaci1 the room tenuperature 24"C?
5 minutes it shows 20°C. When will the
(Apply Newtoas Law of Cooling)

2. Secoid order ODES

4

lhomogenevus ODEs.
(21) Solve the following second order
+12y +9y = 0 (d) y -6y +13y = 0
(a) y+y-6y = 0 (b) y +6y +9y = 0 (c) 4y
(22)) Solveeach of the following Initial
value Problenn (IVP).

(a) 2y + 5y + 3y = 0, y(0) =3, y(0) = 4

y(1) = 0, y(0) = 1
(6)y + 12y + 36y = 0,
Tc) y + 2y + 2y = 0, y(0) =2, y(0) = 1
(d) 4y + 4y +y= 0, y(0) = 1, y(0) =
boundary value Problen (BVP).
(23) Solve each of the following
(a) y + 6y + 9y 0, (0)= 1, u(1) =0
), y(0) 0, y(3) 0
(b) y" - 3y + 2y u0)=
(c) 4y +y=0, 3, y(*) z -d
'y + l6y 0. Find
solution of the differential equatiou
(24) It is kuown that y = sin wt is a
tlhe value of w.

2022/2028.
ol Matlicsaticó, ncademle year
3Addis Ababa Uuiveraity, DupartuuGHÚ
(25) Find the Wrouskian of the given pair of function5.
(b) cOs J, (e) *, (d) cos? a,
(a) e, e?

(26) Fid the differential eqatio! ytu 4by 0 that in satiaied by both functiou8.
(b) y1 3e , (c) yi 2eu,
sin 2 (e) y1 e /2 2e 2 sin 32:
(d) y1 2cos 2,
the given ODE, then after find auother
(27) In each cases, Lake sure that yi is tle soiutio) the ODE.
solution y2 so that y(r) = CIyi(2) +C22() is general solution of
(b) a"y" y 0, /1
(a) ( - 1)" Ty ty 0,
(c) (1 -a)y-2ay +2y 0, (d) e'y- 2y +2y= 0,
3y == 0, >0, () ay +2æy + 6y 0,
(e) 2"y t y
4a:y =l given that yI is a solution of
(28) Find the general solution of a y a y
the associated homogeneous diferential equation.
undetermined coefticients.
(29))Solve the differential equation by the nethod of
(a) y" -3y + 2y = 2 (c) y 10y +25y 5et
(d) y +y -2y 3 cos 2z (e)," 9y sin 32 ((E)16y-8y +y = 4(r +e")
(g) y t 2y +y= 3e- sin (h) y 2y +y = e
(30)/ Solve the differential cquations by the nethod of variation of parameters.

(b) y 2y + y e ln : (c) y 5y + 4y = e
(a) y4y 4y
(e) y
9y 2sec Ba (f) y+t y secttan a
equation by Cauchy-Euler Method
(31) In each cases, solve the correspondiig honogencous particular solution. Finally,
nd apply mcthod of variation of paramcters to find its
writedown thegeneral solution.
(a) y - y - 3y = ln
(b) y +ay'-y=+1
(c) 'y + y + 4y = sin(ln ) (d)y- wy +4y 4e lue
()e y- 2y = 3t -- 1, t>0
(e) y+4zy +2y =24 + dt2
(32)/Solve the following systen1of ODEs.
x(0) 3, u(0) = 4
23y

(0) =2, y(0) =-1

+ 2y

4Addis Ababa University, Departient of Mathunatice, acadenmic yuar 2022/2023.

 5

conductor
resisiot of 4 ous, àl) inductor of 0.03 lenrys, a
33) Al electric circuit consista of a electromotive force or voltage E() = 90e - 10t volts.
of 0.008 farads and a source of 0, Q=2 coulonnb and
the current I and the charge Q at time t. given that at t
Find
I=0at1pere.
2hg hass is attached
inass stretches a spring sOeti!t equilibrium. Suppose that a an initialvelocity of
(34) A l0kg andgiven
displaced 25cm beiow equilibrium at tine t. Find the period,
to the spring. initially force, find the isplacenent
Zm/s. Assurning no resist ive tie thotivh, (hac y l0n/s)
frequecy and te anplit ude of

(5d, 226, 935

3t,
Cuesthi 2nd 325

2023

2089/sudd.
jyear
Mutiibativä, adiumis
Duuartienl oi
Uuiversity,
'Addis Ababa