a collection of

BREASTFEEDING
GUIDE FOR NEWBORN E-BOOK
 02 TABLE OF CONTENTS

03 INTRODUCTION

04 BENEFITS OF BREASTFEEDING

07 HAPPINES OF BEING TOGETHER

09 BREAST MILK COMPOSITION

12 ESSENTIAL NUTRITION
CONTENTS

19 AMAZING REFLEXES IN NEWBORNS

21 PROCESS OF BREASTFEEDING

27 PROBLEMS IN BREASTFEEDING
TABLE OF

34 NEWBORN SLEEP

44 BREASTFEEDING QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS

02
 INTRODUCTION

NEWSLETTER

Congratulations on the birth of your baby!

We know your life has changed a lot. It has become

both happier and at the same time more exciting. You
might have an endless number of questions. We have
compiled this guide to help you answer some of them.
Here we talk about the basics of breastfeeding from
preparing for breastfeeding to the actual process of
breastfeeding. Here you can also find all kinds of tips
and tricks on how to care for a baby during the first
year of life.

03
 BENEFITS OF BREASTFEEDING
"Nursing does not diminish the beauty of a woman’s breasts; it
enhances their charm by making them look lived in and happy."
FOR MOM
Breastfeeding burns as
many as 500 extra calories
each day, which may make
it easier to lose the weight
you gained during
pregnancy.
Women who breastfeed
longer have lower rates of
type 2 diabetes, high blood
pressure, and heart disease.
Women who breastfeed
have lower rates of breast
cancer and ovarian cancer.
Breastfeeding triggers the
release of oxytocin that
causes the uterus to
contract and may decrease
the amount of bleeding you
have after giving birth.
FOR BABY
Breast milk has the right
amount of fat, sugar, water,
protein, and minerals needed
for a baby's growth and
development.
Breast milk is easier to digest
than formula, and breastfed
babies have less gas, fewer
feeding problems, and less
constipation.
Breast milk contains antibodies
that protect infants from certain
illnesses, such as ear infections,
diarrhea, respiratory illnesses,
and allergies.
Breastfed infants have a lower
risk of sudden infant death
syndrome.
If your baby is born preterm,
breast milk can help reduce the
risk of many of the short-term
and long-term health problems.
04
THE BENEFITS OF BREAST MILK
FOR YOUR BABY
Mother's milk contains all the
components necessary for the baby
such as antibodies, immune cells,
bifidus and lactobacilli and other
biologically active substances.
Therefore, breast milk :
Has a beneficial effect on the
development of the central
nervous and immune systems
Reduces the risk of otitis media
and acute respiratory infections
Reduces the incidence of
gastrointestinal infections and
diarrhea.
Best meets the needs of the baby
up to 6 months, half or more of
the energy needs of the baby
aged 6-12 months, and one third
of the energy needs of the baby
aged 12-24 months.
The healthiest food for your child.
After all, it contains at least 10
times more beneficial nutrients
than the most advanced formula.
There are no analogues of
proteins in breast milk, and
vitamins from milk are absorbed
better. Many components that do
play a role, such as hormones or
white blood cells, for example, will
never be added to formula milk.
Has a positive effect on visual
acuity, psychomotor development
and bite formation.
This is a truly living liquid. The
composition of breast milk varies
depending on the needs of the
child, on age, on the time of day,
the state of health of the mother
and the child, the degree of
maturity, the degree of breast
fullness, the presence or absence
of menstruation in the mother.
Infection protection. Milk contains
antibodies, leukocytes, bifidus
factor, which maintains the
correct microflora in the baby's
intestines.
The prevention of constipation
and diarrhea.
Breastfed adults are less likely to
be overweight or obese.
The size of the thymus (an
important organ of the immune
system of children) in children
who were breastfed at 10 months
of age is significantly larger than
in children who stopped
breastfeeding at this age.
Children who are breastfed learn
better. This is confirmed by many
studies
Due to breastfeeding and certain
movements of the tongue and
jaw during sucking a correct bite
is formed.
Continued breastfeeding has a
long-term effect on blood
pressure in children.
05
 "Breast milk is a unique food product for the baby created by
nature itself."

Often mothers worry that their milk is bad because they eat something wrong.
But formulas are made from cow protein, and cow protein allergy is the most
common. At the same time, even if the mother eats the allergen, it comes to the
child already in a processed form and it is easier for the child to adapt to it than
directly from the formula.
Another advantage of breastfeeding is its convenience and safety, because the
ready-made sterilized product is in the most reliable and convenient container,
so there is no need to buy, heat, sterilize and prepare food for the baby.
By improving metabolism during feeding, lactation affects the beauty of the
mother. As a result, there is a faster return to normal weight after childbirth.
Moreover, well-established breastfeeding does not deform the breast.

THE BENEFITS OF BREAST MILK FOR MOM

Strengthens the contractility of the uterus after childbirth and helps restore its
original size
Reduces the risk of postpartum hemorrhage

06
 HAPPINESS OF BEING TOGETHER

Breastfeeding and mother-to-child

physical contact help to establish a close
emotional bond with each other.
Breastfeeding is the best way to give
your child a healthy start in life. The
World Health Organization recommends
exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of
age and continued breastfeeding after
complementary feeding up to 2 years or
more.

HOW THE MAMMARY GLANDS

CHANGE

During pregnancy, the mother's body

prepares for lactation and the
mammary glands increase in size due to
an increase in the number of alveoli and
milk ducts. You may notice the following
changes :

Mammary glands become sensitive

and increase in size
Areolas around the nipples may
increase in size, their pigmentation
becomes more pronounced
The vascular network becomes more
visible, colostrum begins to be
secreted.

Changes in the mammary glands occur

due to :

Increase in the level of progesterone,

prolactin and estrogen during
pregnancy
Accumulation of water and fats in the
tissues of the mammary glands
Increased blood flow
07
EXPERT OPINION
The first 36-72 hours after birth play
an important role in the
development of lactation. Feed the
baby at the breast at his first request
and as often as possible, including at
night, or use a breast pump when you
are separated to stimulate lactation.
In order for the child to receive a
sufficient amount of proteins, fats
and carbohydrates with milk, it is
important to feed the baby on
demand. If there are breaks between
feedings of up to 3 hours or more, it
is important to give the child the
opportunity to get as full as possible
from one breast and only after that
attach it (if necessary) to the other.
"Breastfeeding is nature's
health plan."
FORE-MILK AND HIND-MILK
The division of milk into "fore" and
"hind" is conditional. In fact, during
one feeding, milk of the same
composition is synthesized, but with
long breaks between feedings, part
of the fat globules settles on the
walls of the milk ducts, so the “fore
milk” depleted in fat component
remains in the cavity, which the child
sucks out at the beginning of the
feeding.
As the sucking continues, the fat
globules begin to break away from
the walls and mix with the milk,
"making" it more fat. That is why in
the "rear" portions of milk, the
concentration of fat is higher. With
frequent attachment of the baby to
the breast, as well as frequent breast
changes during one feeding, the
division into “front” and “hind” milk is
practically leveled.
08
 BREAST MILK COMPOSITION

"Mother’s milk, time-tested for millions of years, is the best

nutrient for babies because it is nature’s perfect food."

BREAST MILK
A MIRACLE DRINK FOR NEWBORNS

Water
Proteins
Good Fats
Carbohydrates (Lactose)
Antibodies & immune cells
Lactoferrin (an iron-binding protein)

Lysozyme (a potent digestive ingredient)

Fat soluble vitamins (Vitamin A, D, E and K)

Hormones and growth factors
Good bacteria

Vitamin E
Minerals
DHA

What’s In Your Breast Milk ? Breast milk is basically food for the newborn which sets the pace
for optimum health throughout the baby’s life. It is nutritionally sufficient to meet all the
needs of the baby for the first six months. It not only provides nourishment to the baby, but
also provides protection against all infections, diseases and illnesses.

A woman’s body naturally creates breast milk in response to pregnancy, and the suckling
action of a baby at the breast triggers a hormonal response in the body, leading to the
release of breast milk. Nature is amazing, isn’t it?

No day with a newborn baby is the same. Every single day is different in its own way, and the
same holds true for breast milk. Not all breast milk is the same. Throughout the journey of
lactation, especially during the first couple of weeks of a baby’s life, breast milk undergoes

09
dramatic changes in its composition.

-6-
 COLOSTRUM MILK STAGE (FROM BIRTH
TO 3 – 5 DAYS):
Colostrum is the first fluid that is released post-delivery of the
baby. It can safely be termed as the baby’s ‘starter food’ and
lasts for about 3 – 5 days after childbirth. It is yellow or slightly
orange in colour and is usually thick in consistency and sticky
in texture. Colostrum actually contains the most number of
immune cells out of all the three stages of breast milk.

In addition, the amount of colostrum that is produced is quite

small, that the newborn may have to be fed every 2 – 3 hours,
it is potent enough to fulfill all needs of the baby in the first
few days of life. Quality over quantity!

TRANSITIONAL MILK STAGE (3 – 5 DAYS

TO 14 DAYS):
Transitional milk actually acts as a bridge between

colostrum and mature milk. In fact, it is called transitional

milk because it is the breast milk that is produced during

the body’s transition from colostrum to mature milk.

Compared to colostrum, the creamy transitional milk has

higher levels of fat as well as increased ‘lactose’, a natural
sugar required for the baby’s energy. It has a colour
ranging from yellow to white, typically a lighter color than
the colostrum milk.

MATURE MILK STAGE (14 DAYS ONWARDS):

The transitional milk starts to change to mature milk and by the
end of a month, the milk becomes fully mature. This means that
it is suitable for the baby as they grow older, and actually
serves as long-term nutrition for the baby.

Mature milk can be divide into foremilk and hindmilk. When the
baby latches on to the nipple to nurse, the first milk to flow out
of the breast is called foremilk. It is thin, watery and is low in fat
content. As feeding continues, hindmilk follows. It is the milk that
the baby receives at the end of the feed. It is thicker, creamier
and higher in fat content. Hindmilk is either white or cream

10
coloured, while foremilk is clear or slightly blue in colour.
HOW IS BREAST MILK
PRODUCED
High progesterone levels during
pregnancy inhibit lactation.
After childbirth, progesterone
levels decrease and lactation
starts, which is regulated by the
activity of two hormones which is
prolactin and oxytocin.
Prolactin is responsible for milk
production. It is produced in
response to impulses that occur
when a child sucks on the
mammary gland.
WHAT CONTRIBUTES TO THE
PRODUCTION OF PROLACTIN
Early first sucking by the baby of
the breast (20-30 minutes after
birth).
Frequent breastfeeding.
Frequent constant contact with the
child.
INHIBITION OF PROLACTIN
PRODUCTION CONTRIBUTES
TO?
Delayed first breastfeeding.
Rare feeding.
Lack of night feeding.
FACTORS THAT ENHANCE THE
OXYTOCIN REFLEX
Oxytocin is responsible for milk
release. Oxytocin is released into the
blood in response to the baby's
suckling, sounds, and even smell.
Confidence.
Desire to breastfeed.
Contact with the child.
Thoughts about the child.
Satisfaction with breastfeeding.
FACTORS THAT ENHANCE THE
OXYTOCIN REFLEX
Uncertainty.
Excitement.
Doubt.
Pain.
Stress
Unpleasant feeling when feeding.
SIGNS AND SENSATIONS OF AN
ACTIVE OXYTOCIN REFLEX
(MILK EJECTION)
Constriction or tingling in the
breasts before or during feeding.
Milk secretion from the mammary
glands when she thinks of the child
or hears his crying.
The secretion of milk from one
breast while the child suckles the
other breast.
The secretion of milk from the
mammary glands in a thin stream,
if the child comes off the breast
during feeding.
11
 ESSENTIAL NUTRITION

LEARNING ABOUT YOUR BABY Sucking The lower jaw moves back and
forth, the baby's tongue makes
It is not only the mother who is undulating oscillatory movements, thus
preparing for the process of squeezing out the milk and sucking it
breastfeeding, but the baby himself. up with the help of a vacuum. During
We will look at how innate reflexes help suckling, the mother may notice a
the baby in this process and how they short pause, the so-called "rest phase",
change with age. after which suckling begins again.

How does your baby drink? Did you Swallowing You will hear the baby take
know that babies only breathe through a sip with a specific “s-s-s-s” sound.
their noses? This is facilitated by the
unique structure of the respiratory and Breathing Breathing is autonomous,
digestive systems of the newborn, throughout the entire process of
thanks to which, during feeding, the sucking and swallowing.
child can simultaneously breathe
through the nose and swallow. Feeding
occurs on the principle of "sucking-
swallowing-breathing". In a newborn, "Breastfeeding is a mother's gift
all three processes occur to herself, her baby and the
simultaneously so that the baby can
easily feed and still breathe.
earth."

12
-6-
 "Nursing does not diminish the beauty of a woman’s
breasts; it enhances their charm by making them look
lived in and happy."

As a nursing mom we know you’re

focused on the very best nutrition for
your baby.

But giving your baby nourishment

through breastfeeding is directly
related to your own nutrition in more
ways than you might think.
HOW MANY EXTRA CALORIES
The old saying, “You are what you DOES A NURSING MOM NEED?
eat,” certainly applies to breast-
feeding moms and their babies.
If you are feeding your baby breast
Breast milk delivers key nutrients
milk alone, then your body needs
that support a baby’s healthy
about 500 extra calories daily during
development, especially during the
the first six months to maintain your
first few critical months of life.
energy level and produce enough milk.

Your breast milk is the most perfect

But this doesn’t mean you should add
food for your baby’s body. It
a milkshake to your daily diet. To meet
contains hundreds of vitamins,
the demands of nursing, your body has
minerals, antioxidants, essential fatty
stored fat while you were pregnant.
acids, proteins, antibodies, and much
Taking this into account, you need to
more.
add about 330 calories daily.

To produce that phenomenal breast

By the time your baby is 7-12 months
milk, your own nutrition is incredibly
old, most of your fat stores will be
important. In general, nursing moms
depleted, bumping up the additional
need approximately 500 extra
calories you need to 400 a day. This
calories per day. And the best way to
number can vary slightly depending on
consume them is by adding doses of
your weight, height, age, and activity
essential nutrients that can support
level, and when you decide to wean
your strength and your baby’s
your baby.
development.

13
NUTRIENTS THAT BOOST YOUR ENERGY

Berries

Berries are full of antioxidants that keep your body revived

and ready for action. Refreshing and delicious, they
contain a good balance of sugar, vitamins and minerals to
pep you up when you need it most.

Green Veggies

Like your mom said, vegetables are good for just about
everything in your body including your blood. Improved
circulation pumps oxygenated blood throughout your body,
which keeps your heart and brain working hard for you.

Citrus Fruits

Chock full of Vitamin C, these juicy fruits boost your immune

system to keep you and your baby healthy and energized
during breastfeeding.

Whole Grains

It may be easier to grab processed, sugary snacks but make

the extra effort to eat whole grains like whole wheat breads
and pasta and brown rice. Your energy levels will soar and
won’t come crashing down after a short high.

Water

There’s no bigger way to zap your energy than dehydration.

You need a good deal of water to produce breast milk – usually
more than the recommended 8 cups per day. Moms often feel
thirsty and dehydrated after feedings so drink up or
incorporate fruit juices and water-based fruits and veggies in
your diet.

14
Although the composition of nutrients in breast milk is relatively consistent, there
are a few ways you can move the needle to supply your baby with the best of the
best.

DHA : All breast milk contains fat including DHA, a long chain omega-3 fatty acid.
But studies show moms who consume more DHA in their diets have a greater
concentration of this brain-boosting nutrient. (Similarly, moms who consume “bad”
fats like trans fats and high amounts of saturated fats can negatively impact
breast milk.) DHA found in fatty fish like salmon is important for the entire nervous
system and your baby’s continued brain development. You can also find DHA in
fortified milk, fortified eggs, walnuts, pine nuts, almonds, chia seeds and sunflower
seeds.

Folic Acid : Your OB probably recommended a prenatal vitamin with folic acid
during pregnancy to support your baby’s development. Your baby still needs this
crucial B-vitamin and you can bolster your breast milk with it through fortified
whole grain breads, pasta, rice and cereals, as well as green leafy vegetables like
spinach and kale. Also, continue to take a prenatal vitamin with folic acid
throughout breastfeeding.

Galactogogues : Maintaining a healthy milk supply will ensure your baby has plenty
of the nutrients she needs. The good news is, most moms can naturally produce
enough breast milk for their babies as long as they consume a wholesome diet and
drink plenty of water. For those who need it, galactogogues like oatmeal, lactation
tea, fenugreek seed, and blessed thistle may be helpful.

15
NUTRIENTS THAT SUPPORT YOUR BODY

Studies show that it’s the moms who suffer most when nutrition is lacking.
Without proper nutrition your body will leach stored nutrients to continue to
produce breast milk for your baby. That’s why maintaining excellent nutrition
during breastfeeding is vital. In addition to needing more calories you need a few
other essential nutrients now more than ever :

Carbohydrates

Nursing moms need about 60% more carbs than in their

pre-pregnancy diet. But skip the chocolate cake and use
these carbs wisely to sustain your energy and help your
baby’s development. Fruits, vegetables and whole grain
foods are the healthiest carbohydrates.

Protein

Almost every function of your body is dependent on

protein. This includes hormone production, muscle and
tissue growth, and many chemical reactions. The best way
to calculate how many grams of protein you need while
breastfeeding is to divide your weight in half and then add
15. Go for lean protein from poultry, fish, nuts and legumes
to keep you diet clean and healthy.

Calcium

It’s normal to lose 3-5% of bone density during pregnancy

and breastfeeding. However, by consuming low-fat dairy
products such as milk, yogurt, and cottage cheese you can
rebuild your calcium stores and return to normal levels
after weaning.

Iron

Not all new moms need extra iron but if you lost a lot of
blood during delivery, ask your doctor if it is necessary to
supplement. Lean beef, beans, and green leafy vegetables
are great sources of iron.
16
 AMAZING REFLEXES IN
NEWBORNS

All newborn babies have the inborn physiological reflexes they need to breastfeed.

The Kussmaul search reflex occurs when stroking with a finger in the area of ​the
cheek and corner of the child's mouth. A reflex is expressed in the form of turning
the head towards the stimulus and opening the mouth in search of an object for
sucking. This reflex is necessary to start feeding. Position the baby so that his head
is turned towards your breast, his mouth will open and the baby will find the nipple.

The sucking reflex is triggered as soon as your nipple touches the baby's palate,
and the baby begins to reproduce rhythmic sucking movements. This reflex has a
calming effect. Therefore, pacifiers help to calm the baby. Around 3-4 months, you
will probably notice that this reflex begins to fade. Your baby may become
distracted during feedings and want to play more.

17
 "While breastfeeding may not
seem the right choice for every
parent, it is the best choice for
every baby".

Tongue Throwing Reflex (Spoon

Throwing Reflex)! Have you ever
noticed that babies love to stick out
their tongues? This reflex occurs
when the baby's lips touch. Tongue
sticking out is a kind of defense
mechanism. For example, if a child is
trying to introduce complementary
foods too early, when his body is not
yet ready for this, then this reflex will
work and the baby will push the
spoon out with his tongue.

The gag reflex is manifested when

solid food or a spoon enters the oral
cavity. As well as the ejection reflex
of the tongue, this reflex is protective.
It blocks the child's airway and
pushes the object out to avoid
suffocation.

Staged development of the child

Reflexes are one of the indicators of
the development of your baby. By
monitoring your child's reflexes and
their fading, you and your
pediatrician can better anticipate the
next stage in your baby's
development.

18
 THE PROCESS OF BREASTFEEDING

How to know if your baby is hungry? You can understand that the baby is hungry by
the following signs:

The baby moves his The baby sticks out

The baby sucks fists
head from side to side, tongue and moves
or fingers.
opens his mouth. lips.

How long does a feeding take? Sometimes the process of breastfeeding can take a
long time, while other babies quickly complete the task. The duration of feedings
depends on the weight of the baby, his age, as well as the frequency of feedings.

How long to feed from each breast? Ideally, in one feeding, you should offer the baby
one breast and let him suck the milk to the end. At the next feeding, offer a different
breast.

How many times a day should the baby be fed? The number of feedings depends on
the baby and his individual characteristics, but there are general recommendations:
newborns should be fed at least 8-12 times a day, which corresponds to 1 feeding every
2-3 hours. Also remember that the frequency and duration of feedings can change
during periods of active growth of the child and when he does not feel well. This is
normal.

19
 "My favorite sound is right
before a baby latches on, it’s
this giggle of joy that is heaven
sent!".

The first joint moments Hurrah! Your

long-awaited baby is born. Spend
time together, enjoy these moments
and skin-to-skin contact.

Skin-to-skin contact in the first hour

after birth is also known as the
Golden Hour. It is essential for
successful breastfeeding. Mom and
baby get to know each other. You
need to allow the baby to contact
skin to skin and attach the baby to
the breast. You may notice that the
baby himself is trying to find your
breast and reach for it.

POSITIVE ATTITUDE
Mental attitude is an important
aspect of successful breastfeeding.
Mothers who make it their goal to
breastfeed tend to breastfeed longer
and have fewer problems with
breastfeeding. Pay attention to your
lifestyle, nutrition, mood, use the
support of people close to you.
EXPERT OPINION
In the first 1-2 months of lactation,
crying is one of the signs of hunger.
But don't wait for the baby to cry.
Offer breasts at the first sign of
anxiety.

20
GET READY FOR COMFORT FEEDING

Take a comfortable position.

Reduce the load on your back and arms as

much as possible. Use the back of a sofa /
chair or a pillow as a support for your back,
put pillows under your arms. Think about
the general environment in the room

Bring your baby close to your chest.

You do not need to lean towards the baby,

on the contrary, you need to bring it to
your chest so that you are comfortable.
Place the baby with the tummy towards
you and facing the nipple. Your child's head
and body should be in a straight line.

Support your breasts.

With your free hand, you can gently

support your breasts from below,
especially when women have large breasts.

21
 CHOOSE A COMFORTABLE POSITION FOR FEEDING

Cradle

It is the most classic position. The baby lies with

his head on the inside of the elbow of the same
arm as the breast from which the mother feeds.
It is important that the baby's stomach is
pressed against the mother's stomach, and the
nose is opposite the nipple.

Lying on your side

This position is great for moms who are

medically unable to sit after giving birth.
Rest your shoulder on the bed. Place the
baby closer, tummy to your belly and nose
to the nipple of the lower breast.

From under the arm or "soccer ball"

This position is suitable if you have large breasts,

if you gave birth by caesarean section, and for
babies with low birth weight. The baby needs to
be placed on the bent elbow of your arm, the legs
are behind the mother. For comfort, you can put
a pillow on your knees and under your arm.

22
 "The moment she had laid the
child to the breast both became
perfectly calm.".
ATTACHING THE BABY TO
THE BREAST
Proper attachment is the key to
successful breastfeeding. If the baby
latches on correctly, he sucks milk
from the breast easily and effectively
without damaging the nipple.
Incorrect attachment can cause pain
during feeding and cracked nipples.
How to latch the baby on correctly :
Your child's head and body should
be in a straight line.
Bring your baby close to you, do
not lean forward.
The tip of your baby's nose
should be against the tip of your
nipple.
Touch your nipple to your baby's
mouth.
The baby's mouth opens wide, the
baby tilts his head back a little.
Point the nipple towards the
baby's palate. At the moment of
capture, the child's lips should be
turned outward (and not pursed
inward), the child's chin and nose
should be pressed to the chest.
Most of the areola is located
under the lower lip, a smaller part
- above the upper.
Baby's cheeks are rounded, not
tucked in.
At first, the baby sucks quickly
and superficially; as soon as the
milk begins to stand out, the baby
moves to a deeper and slower
sucking.
A strong flow of milk at the start
of a feed can make it difficult for
the baby to latch on. Try
changing your feeding position
and leaning back more or lying
down.
Signs that baby aren’t latching
properly :
Cheeks are retracted
The presence of smacking sounds
Mouth is not open wide, lips are
touching
Pain in the nipples after feeding
If you observe the above signs, then
you need to gently loosen the grip,
take the baby off the chest and
attach it again.
23
HOW TO UNDERSTAND THAT
THE BABY IS FED WELL?

No matter how long breastfeeding

takes, you can understand that the
baby is fed. Some babies push their
chests with a pen or tilt their heads
back, other babies just fall asleep. In
general, you will see that the face
and body will be relaxed.
At the end of a feed, when you see
signs that the baby is full, gently
wean him off the breast, lift him
upright in a column and stroke his
back to expel excess air.
OPINION OF EXPERTS
The baby does not gain weight
after birth, but, on the contrary,
the baby loses it. This is a normal
physiological process. The baby's
weight will return to its original
weight by the second week after
birth.

IS YOUR BABY GETTING

ENOUGH MILK?

Many young parents worry about

whether the baby has enough
mother's milk. It is especially difficult
to determine this when the baby is
breastfed and the mother cannot see
how much milk he receives at each
feeding.

If you feed your baby at least 8-10

times a day, if he takes the breast
well and actively sucks, gives the
impression of being healthy and
happy, if he is active after waking up
and looks satisfied after feeding,
most likely he has enough milk. But to
make sure your baby is getting
enough milk, you can do a "wet
diaper test" and monitor your baby's
stool.

24
 PROBLEMS THAT MAY ARISE
WITH BREASTFEEDING
INSUFFICIENT MILK SUPPLY
Most women produce enough milk for
the baby. If the baby is gaining weight
normally (at least 500-700 g in the
first months of life) and you have to
change diapers at least 6-8 times a
day, then most likely you have
nothing to worry about.
However, there are situations in
which milk production is reduced,
such as illness of the mother or
incorrect breast latch and ineffective
suckling. It should also be
remembered that the baby has
growth spurts. During such surges, the
baby eats more, and it takes several
days to produce more milk, so on such
days the baby does not have enough
milk.
Possible Solution :
Try breastfeeding your baby more
often without skipping nightly feeds.
During feeding, apply the baby to
both breasts.
In addition, pump with a breast pump
to stimulate the flow of milk.
Pumping in this case is recommended
to be carried out no earlier than 30
minutes after feeding and from the
same breast. It is also important to
rest, walk in the fresh air, try to get
enough sleep.
25
SORE NIPPLES

Feelings during breastfeeding are individual, but

they should not be painful. It often happens that in
the first days of feeding, the sensitivity increases,
but if the soreness does not go away, you need to
pay attention to how the baby takes the breast.
The most common cause of sore and cracked
nipples is the child's improper latch on.

Possible solution :

If breastfeeding is painful after the first latch,

remove the baby from the breast by gently placing
your little finger in the corner of his mouth and try
breastfeeding again.

REGURGITATION

Regurgitation is a spontaneous reflux of gastric

contents into the esophagus or mouth of a child.
Minor regurgitation after feedings is typical for most
babies and is a variant of the norm. Thus, the baby
is freed from excess air or milk. Regurgitation can
also be associated with insufficient development of
the sphincter apparatus of the stomach.

Two types of refluxes are a physiological norm and

passes on its own and a disease (Gastroesophageal
reflux disease) and requires specialist advice.
Therefore, if you observe frequent and profuse
regurgitation, they lead to weight loss, then be sure
to contact your pediatrician.

Possible solution :

Feed the baby in a semi-upright position, after

feeding, carry the baby in an upright position for 10-
15 minutes, raise the head end of the crib by 20-30
degrees
26
LACTOSTASIS

Lactostasis is the stagnation of milk in the ducts

of the mammary glands. Lactostasis can occur
when a child does not suck enough milk from the
breast, when the mammary glands are squeezed
by hard materials of a bra or other clothing.
Usually there is a feeling of pain and discomfort in
the mammary gland, the skin of the mammary
gland may turn red.

Possible solution :

Breastfeed your baby more often. Use warm

thermal pads or compresses before feeding and
lightly massage your breasts. Apply cool thermal
pads/compresses to your breasts after feeding.

MASTITIS

Mastitis is the inflammation of the breast tissue.

Mastitis can become infected if a bacterial
infection is attached. Milk stagnation and nipple
cracks can provoke the occurrence of mastitis. Part
of the mammary gland becomes red, hot, painful
when touched, body temperature rises.

Possible solution :

If symptoms of lactostasis persist for more than

24-48 hours, you should consult a doctor to decide
on the appointment of an antibiotic that is
compatible with breastfeeding.

27
MILK FLOW IS STRONG, MAMMARY
GLANDS ARE OVERFLOWN

Some mothers notice that more milk is produced

than is needed to feed the baby. As a rule, this
occurs at the initial stage of the formation of
lactation. Over time, lactation will be established
and milk will be produced in the amount that the
baby needs.

Possible solution :

If there is a strong flow of milk, try changing your

feeding position and lean back more or feed lying
down. Try to give 1 breast per feeding, take breaks
if necessary, let the baby rest during feeding. You
can also express a small amount of milk with a
breast pump before feeding, so that the breasts do
not overflow and the milk does not flow very
quickly.

BREAST ENGORGEMENT

At the initial stages mothers are faced with such a

problem as breast engorgement. The mammary
glands become hard, milk "does not flow",
heaviness and pain may occur, it is difficult for the
baby to grab the breast.

Possible solution :

If the baby is unable to latch on, express a small

amount of milk before feeding to help the breasts
soften and the baby can suckle. You can apply a
warm compress to the chest before feeding.

28
 "Women should own the fact
that we are superheroes for the
first however many months of
your child’s life. It is your
opportunity and your duty to
feed your baby should you
choose to breastfeed and be
proud of it.".

THE PREVENTION OF
ENGORGEMENT IS:

Frequent and high-quality

attachment to the breast in the
first days after childbirth or
pumping, if the child is separately
about every 3 hours (during the
day it can be more often).
Massage of the subclavian and
supraclavicular zone helps to
activate the lymph flow.
Gymnastics of the upper body.
Also, when milk comes in, even if
there is no engorgement, a gentle
massage from the nipple
towards the chest can be helpful,
as if rolling down a hill.
Cool, but not icy lotions from a
wet diaper or towel or dry cold
will help to establish a good
outflow of milk.
Drinking according to your thirst.

29
FLAT AND INVERTED NIPPLES

Up to 10% of women experience flat or

inverted nipples. Do not worry in
advance. After all, we feed with breast
but not with nipples. The baby must
catch the breast in such a way as to
cover a large part of the areola with his
mouth, because he sucks from it, and
not from the nipple.

Even if the baby is not yet able to

Moreover, the hormones produced
breastfeed effectively, do not
during pregnancy make the nipples
replace breastfeeding with synthetic
more flexible, and after a few days of
formulas. Milk removed from the
intensive feeding, they stretch enough
breast by a breast pump should be
without additional help. In addition,
used to teach the child to suckle
sometimes the baby adapts to the
properly
shape of the nipple, and since he does
Sometimes the baby cannot latch
not even know that they can have a
on properly because the nipple
different look, flat or even inverted, the
becomes too flat as a result of
shape of the nipple is not a problem.
overflowing with milk. On the 2nd -
4th day after birth, lactation
Flat nipples - what can be done?
reaches its peak and the amount of
milk exceeds the needs of the child.
Optimize your baby's breast-locking
Milk-filled mammary glands are
technique. Focus on teaching him
swollen and it is difficult to squeeze
how to latch on and suck on the
them. A useful solution in this case is
areola, after which the shape of the
to partially remove the milk before
nipple won't matter.
feeding, after which the breast
When a baby is unable to latch onto
becomes softer.
the nipple, and as a result sucks
either incorrectly or incompletely,
you should stimulate lactation
regularly by removing milk with a
breast pump. This device "sucks" the "Bottles fill his stomach, but
breast, helping to "pull out" flat breastfeeding fills his soul."
nipples.

30
COLIC
Colic is a common condition affecting
90% of children. It is characterized by
the causeless crying of a child. It starts
at 2–3 weeks of age, increases in the
2nd month, and noticeably decreases
after 3 months of age.
Possible solution :
Since the cause of colic can be
increased gas formation in the
intestines of the child, a nursing
mother can exclude legumes,
cucumbers, white cabbage, grapes,
carbonated drinks, fresh pastries from
her diet for several days. If this helps,
then you can stick to this diet for a
while. Sometimes the cause of colic
can be excessive swallowing of air by
the baby during feeding.
Therefore, it is important to ensure
that the baby takes the breast
correctly, capturing not only the
nipple, but also the areola, and after
feeding, hold it upright for a while.
Additional warmth in the form of a
diaper folded several times and
heated can also relieve pain in the
tummy. You can also put the baby
with a bare tummy on your bare
stomach or chest - this will help the
discharge of gases. Light stroking of
the baby's tummy clockwise (about 10
turns), alternating flexion-extension of
the legs (6-8 repetitions each) will help
relieve pain and help reduce swelling.
If you are bottle feeding (temporarily
or permanently), use anti-colic bottles
with an air vent valve.
31
 NEWBORN SLEEP
(BABIES 0 - 3 MONTHS)
"A baby makes love stronger, the days shorter, the
nights longer, savings smaller, and a home happier."
THE IMPORTANCE OF SLEEP
FOR NEWBORN BABY
Sleep is as vital to our bodies as
eating and drinking, and for
newborns specifically, sleep is crucial
for their overall development and
health. Healthy sleep also plays a
role in :
Helping cognitive function and
memory
Reducing stress
Promoting heart health
Promoting a healthy immune
system
Supporting a healthy metabolism
Promoting physical and mental
development
Increasing alertness
So you can see why sleep is SO
important and why we need to
prioritize sleep for our babies to get
the rest they need. But
unfortunately, once your baby enters
life outside of the womb, there are
many disturbances and distractions
that can prevent your baby from
sleeping.
This is why it is our job as
parents/caregivers to do everything
we can to help our babies sleep well
and teach them healthy habits from
the start!
Basic Sleep Fact #1 - Your Newborn’s
Baby Sleep Cycles Are Short.
Sleep cyles are between 30 - 40
minutes
It is normal for your baby to
wake up and stir in between
cycles
A sleep cycle is essentially your
body moving from one stage of
sleep is another, from REM sleep
(light stage of sleep) to Non-REM
sleep (deep stage of sleep).
32
Basic Sleep Fact #2 - Baby Has Their
Days And Nights Mixed Up.

Circadian rhythm is not yet

present in your newborn
Expose baby to light during
awake periods and dark during
sleep
Circadian rhythm usually kicks in
at about 4 months, which is one
of the main reasons your
Newborn struggles with their days
and nights when it comes to
sleep.
You can ensure that you baby’s
sleep is distributed properly
throughout the day by expose
Your baby to light as soon as they
wake up for the day (as long as it
is after 6am) and wake
Your baby up once they have
reached the 2.5 - 3 hour mark for
naps.

Basic Sleep Fact #3 - Baby Does Not

Yet Produce Melatonin.

Melatonin is our sleepy hormone

that is naturally produced by our
bodies, which sends a signal
internally that it is time to sleep

Basic Sleep Fact #4 - Your Newborn

Cannot Self-soothe Yet.

Your baby relies on you to help

them self-regulate during their
nap/bedtime routine and during
wake-ups.

33
 SIDS
Sudden infant death syndrome is unexplained death before the
age of one. While it isn’t completely preventable there are many
things we can do to reduce the risk of SIDS.

* Always place your baby on their back for sleep

* Nothing should be in your baby’s crib except for a firm mattress
and fitted sheet until age one (aside from a swaddle or pacifier)
* Do not smoke or allow smoke around your baby, especially in
their sleep space.
* Room-share for at least 6 months to 1 year, but don’t bed-share
* Make sure your child is sleeping in a crib or bassinet on a firm
mattress
* Do not allow your baby to sleep in a swing or a car seat outside
of the car.

SLEEP ENVIRONMENT

The place where we sleep has a huge impact on our sleep

hygiene, and we all sleep best when we sleep in an
environment that is free of distraction and is promoting
sleep. It is recommend taking as neutral as possible when
it comes to objects and colours in the room. When setting
up your baby’s sleep environment, make sure that you
invest in some blackout shades so that there is NO light
coming through that could wake up your baby from sleep.
Make sure the room temperature is between 68-72
degrees F and that your baby’s sleep space isn’t too noisy.

AWAKE WINDOWS
For newborns, we follow awake windows in between naps and
bedtime, since they are not yet ready to follow the clock sleep
schedule. It is important to follow awake windows to ensure
that there is enough sleep pressure built up in between naps. If
you notice your baby is already fussy prior to this period, you
can go ahead and get them ready for sleep prior to the
60/90 min mark. Remember, this is a range and we still want
to follow sleepy cues. Common sleep cues include :

Yawning and dozing off

Moving their head from side to side
Fussing and making jerky movements

34
Arching their back
CAN I FOLLOW A SCHEDULE?

Here is an example of what a schedule might look like, but keep in mind this is
going to change DAILY! Also keep in mind that this schedule is based off an ideal
schedule of 1.5-2 hour naps, so don’t panic if your baby is nowhere near this.

BABY IS AWAKE FOR

DAY

Exposure to light, feed, get

NAP 1
dressed/ready for the day
Exposure to light, feed,
7:00 - 8:00 AM get dressed/ready for
the day
8:00 / 8:30 AM
AWAKE
Aim for a minimum of
1 hour asleep, ideally 2
9:00 - 10:00 AM
FEED

10:15 / 10:30 AM

TUMMY TIME + PLAY

10:45 AM
NAP 2

11:00 / 11:30 AM
AWAKE
Aim for a minimum of
1 hour asleep, ideally 2
1:00 PM
FEED + WALK OUTSIDE

1:15 / 1:30 PM

NAP 3
2:15 - 2:30 PM AWAKE
Aim for 1 hour asleep
3:15 / 3:30 PM

FEED + PLAY
3:45 PM NAP 4
Cat nap
4:45 PM

AWAKE + FEED
6:00 PM BEDTIME ROUTINE
Tap-off feed, if needed
7:00 PM

SLEEP

35
7:30 / 7:45 PM
5 TIPS FOR LONGER NAPS

Prepare the sleep environment to be conducive to sleep

Ensure your baby is well-fed throughout the day
Follow awake windows closely and adjust as needed
“Contact nap” for 1 - 2 naps of the day to ensure baby meets recommended
sleep totals
Add one more nap in to increase total day sleep and move bedtime later

SLEEP ROUTINES (NAPTIME)

Routines are also a great way to bond with your baby in this stage, but also
serve as a transition period to help set your baby up for better sleep. Daytime
routine for naps, this is going to look slightly different than bedtime and
should be about 15 minutes or so (or a little more if feeding before). Some
ideas for a nap time routine include :

Changing diaper
Swaddling
Nursing
Rocking
Singing
Placing your baby in their crib/bassine

36
SLEEP ROUTINES BEDTIME (EXAMPLE)

Bedtime may be similar with the addition of a bath on some nights and a few other
steps such as books and prayers, and it will be closer to 25 - 35 minutes or so.
Bedtime routine example :

BATH TIME

7:00 - 7:30 PM
MASSAGE
WITH OILS

PAJAMAS &
SWADDLE
READ BOOKS /
SING

FEED IF NEEDED

WHITE NOISE

ROCK

IN BED, LIGHTS OUT

6:30 / 7:00 PM

37
SETTING BABY FOR SLEEP

Some parents are worried about “spoiling” their newborn by holding them,
rocking them, nursing them, etc. You are NOT spoiling your newborn by
responding to their needs. In this stage, your baby is not making the same
associations that they make as older infants, so you don’t need to worry about
forming “bad” habits, because your baby developmentally isn’t making these
connections yet. Nursing, rocking, bouncing, etc, are all ways to calm your baby
and get them to sleep.

TIP #1 - SWADDLE YOUR BABY

For all naps and night sleep

Swaddle at the start of your routine
Use a Velcro swaddle for the tightest fit

TIP #2 - USE WHITE NOISE

For both naps and night sleep

No more than 60 decibels
Find options to replicate womb-like sounds.

TIP #3 - USE THE PACIFIER

Offer once your baby has established a feeding relationship

Find one that replicates mom’s nipple

TIP #4 - BABYWEAR

When baby is overly fussy or for the last nap of the day, and when
on-the-go

TIP #5 - DARK FOR ALL SLEEP

Use blackout shades to achieve this

38
SOOTHING YOUR NEWBORN (HOW TO SOOTHE YOUR BABY
TO SLEEP)

How do I get my baby to fall asleep? Newborns often need a lot of help in this
stage to get to the point of calming down for sleep. A few of the ways you can
do this include :

Nursing
Rocking
Bouncing
Walking around the room
Soothing them in the crib
Rubbing their head of their back
Replacing their pacifier

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES (DR. KARP’S 5S)

Shushing (rhythmic sounds near baby’s ear)

Side / stomach position (while held)
Sucking (pacifier, fingers, breastfeed)
Swaddling
Swinging (while standing up or in rocking chair)

39
SOOTHING YOUR NEWBORN (RESPONDING TO WAKINGS)

How do I respond to my baby’s cries?

Assess the intensity of your baby’s cries. If your baby is escalating

quickly and crying hard, that usually tells you that they need
something immediately. In this case, figure it out whether it is time
for a feed or a nap, or both. If your baby is just soft crying, that
may tell you they just need to be changed, they want to switch
positions, or they want to be picked up.

Intervene and FIRST try to soothe your baby without picking them
up. You can do this by rubbing their head, their side, placing your
hand on their chest, and replacing their pacifier. Try not to skip this
step even if you think your baby won’t fall back asleep.

If this isn’t helping, go ahead and pick your baby up and

rock them, bounce them, walk around the room, etc, until
your baby is asleep.

Once your baby is asleep, go ahead and set them back

down in their crib / bassinet after about 10 minutes or so.
Remember, you cannot force your baby to go to sleep!

40
HOW TO HANDLE REGRESSIONS / PROGRESSIONS

DON’T PANIC! INSTEAD, GO BACK TO THOSE

FOUNDATIONS OF SLEEP.

Make sure your baby’s nutrition, sleep environment, awake

windows, and routine are all developmentally appropriate for
this new stage.

TRY FOLLOWING A 12-HOUR CYCLE, SO 6PM-6AM,

7PM-7AM, OR 8PM-8AM.

Make sure your baby’s nutrition, sleep environment, awake

windows, and routine are all developmentally appropriate for
this new stage.

STAY CONSISTENT IN YOUR APPROACH!

You don’t want to suddenly start changing things day-today.

Instead, stay with what you have
been doing.

DON’T WORRY THAT THIS IS YOUR NEW NORMAL

FOREVER AND THAT YOUR CHILD WILL SUDDENLY
BECOME A TERRIBLE SLEEPER.

Remember, this is just a stage that WILL pass and you have an
advantage with all of the work you have already done with your
newborn in establishing healthy habits.

41
 BREASTFEEDING Q & A

HOW CAN YOU INCREASE THE AMOUNT OF BREAST MILK?

Breast milk is produced on a supply-demand basis, so frequent, regular feeding is

what is needed to produce the right amount of milk. This process also requires a lot
of energy, so you need to eat a balanced diet and drink enough water. Use warm
compresses before feeding as heat promotes milk production. Also, pumping “to
the last drop” 30 minutes after each feeding with a breast pump will help increase
milk. And do not neglect comfort: the more comfortable you feel, the easier it will
be for the body to produce milk.

DOES THE BABY NEED WATER?

WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of a baby's life.
Milk is 80% water, and this is enough for the baby.

CAN I COMBINE BREASTFEEDING WITH OTHER WAYS OF

FEEDING?

As a rule, it will take at least three to six weeks of exclusive breastfeeding for
lactation to begin and for the baby to effectively suck out milk. This means that
supplementing with a bottle in the first weeks can lead to problems with
breastfeeding in the early stages. After this period, most babies do not have
problems with alternating breast and bottle, so you can use the bottle during
feeding.

42
SHOULD I FEED AT NIGHT?

In the first weeks of a newborn's life, it is advisable to adhere to a free feeding

regimen, breastfeeding at least every 1.5–2 hours during the day and 3–4 hours at
night. In the future, the mother and child choose "their feeding regimen", in which
daytime feedings occur after 2.5–3.5 hours, and the night interval increases.

MY BABY SPIT UP AND HICCUPS WHILE FEEDING.

Is this cause for concern? Small spitting up is normal for babies, but severe and
repetitive spitting up is a reason to contact your pediatrician. Most babies hiccup.
This process completes itself and does not bring discomfort to your child.

WHEN CAN COMPLEMENTARY FOODS BE INTRODUCED?

WHO recommends the introduction of complementary foods beginning from the

age of 6 months. However, recent studies have shown it is more rational for
children who are exclusively breastfed to start introducing complementary foods
from 5-5.5 months to prevent the development of iron deficiency anemia in them
at an older age. You don't have to stop breastfeeding though. You can continue
breastfeeding for as long as you want. When you want to introduce
complementary foods, consult your pediatrician about what is the best way to start
complementary foods and in what sequence.

I'M NOT SURE EVERYTHING IS FINE. WHEN SHOULD I SEEK

HELP?

No matter how significant your question or concern is, feel free to reach out to a
specialist. Here are a few examples of when to see a pediatrician :

Your baby is not "asking" to breastfeed regularly (8-10 times a day)

Your baby is not urinating and defecation enough (wet diaper test)
It hurts to breastfeed or you have sore nipples
Your breasts have not filled with milk by the third or fourth day after birth
Your baby is hungry and seems unsatisfied after most feeds
Your baby is not gaining or losing weight.

43
WHY DOES MY BABY REFUSE TO TAKE NAPS OR TAKE VERY
SHORT NAPS? IS THIS NORMAL?

YES! This is normal. This is because babies are not following that internal sleep
cycle driven by circadian rhythm

SHOULD MY TWINS / TRIPLETS BE ON THE SAME SCHEDULE?

It is recommend trying to keep your multiples on a similar schedule, but you still
need to honor each baby’s individual need. Make sure you aren’t pushing one baby
passed their natural threshold just to keep your babies on the same schedule.

WHAT IS A NURSING STRIKE?

A nursing strike happens when your infant temporarily stops nursing and refusing
to breastfeed. It might occur when your baby is teething, has a cold, or simply has
had a change in routine. Nursing strikes usually only last a few days and are not a
sign that a baby is ready to wean or stop breastfeeding.

ISN'T BREASTFEEDING SUPPOSED TO BE EASY?

While breastfeeding is natural, it is not always easy, especially in the first weeks
after a baby is born. If breastfeeding were easy, we wouldn't have so many books
and websites dedicated to helping breastfeeding mothers. We wouldn't need
lactation consultants, and more mothers who start breastfeeding would likely
continue and reach their breastfeeding goals​.

Breastfeeding is a learned skill. It requires patience and practice. For some

women, the learning stages can be frustrating and uncomfortable. And some
situations make breastfeeding even harder, such as babies born early or health
problems in mother or baby. Breastfeeding usually gets easier with time.

44
HOW CAN I AVOID COLIC WHILE BREASTFEEDING?

Unfortunately, colic is not easily avoided, whether you are breastfeeding or not.
Sometimes, though, a breastfeeding baby is intolerant or sensitive to something in
the mother's diet, often cow's milk. (It's a myth that broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower,
chocolate, onions, or spicy foods cause colic or other problems in breastfeeding
babies.) While eliminating foods from your diet is typically not necessary, if you and
your pediatrician think that food allergy is a problem, you may decide to try an
elimination diet.

Target specific foods and food groups, including cow’s milk (and other
products made with milk and milk proteins, including butter, cheese, and ice
cream, etc.), soy, citrus fruits, eggs, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, corn,
strawberries, and chocolate.
Eliminate foods one at a time, and wait to see if your baby's colicky symptoms
(or other symptoms, such as diarrhea or eczema) improve.
Add that food back into your diet and eliminate another if there is no change
in your baby's symptoms after two or three days. It is sometimes necessary to
wait two to four weeks to see if your baby's symptoms will resolve, though.
Re-test if you find a food your baby is sensitive to. If it continues to cause
symptoms, remove it from your diet until your baby for at least 6 months old.

In addition to your regular prenatal vitamins, be sure to take extra calcium if you
have eliminated dairy products from your diet. In addition to your pediatrician and
lactation consultant, a pediatric gastroenterologist can help if your baby is having
severe GI symptoms while you are breastfeeding.

WHAT CAN I DO ABOUT SORE NIPPLES?

In addition to making sure that your baby is latching well, you can :

Change breastfeeding positions.

Manually express some breast milk and rub it on your sore nipples.
Let your nipples air-dry after nursing.
Wear a soft cotton shirt and avoid tight-fitting shirts and bras.
Frequently change your nursing pads.
Apply a nipple balm or cream.

See a lactation consultant if sore nipples are getting in the way of nursing your
baby.

45
IT HURTS ME TO FEED. WHAT SHOULD I DO?

A slight feeling of pain or increased sensitivity, especially at the beginning of

breastfeeding, is normal, but if the pain continues to disturb, then you should
immediately consult a specialist. This should not interfere with the feeding process.
As a rule, this problem is solved when specialists show mothers the correct
technique of attachment to the breast and feeding.

WHAT ABOUT CAFFEINE?

One or two cups a day of caffeinated drinks will not harm your baby. It could be
coffee or tea. Too much caffeine can make your baby irritable and cause them to
have trouble sleeping. The good news for chocolate lovers is that eating chocolate
in moderation is harmless.

HOW DO I KNOW IF MY BABY IS GETTING ENOUGH MILK?

There is no clear method to determine how much milk your baby is drinking, but
there are signs that your baby is getting enough milk :

Your baby will start gaining weight as soon as you have enough milk after
delivery. By 10-14 days after birth, your baby has gained weight to its original
weight at birth, and then continues to gain weight at an average of 20-30 g per
day.
Plump cheeks in front of you is the best indicator
A happy, alert baby is the best sign that you have enough milk.

WHY IS MY BABY SO FUSSY IN THE EVENING

Typically when we see that babies are overly fussy in the evening, it is because
they are experiencing PURPLE Crying. Babies typically experience PURPLE Crying
between 2 - 12 weeks. PURPLE is acronym stands for :

Peak of crying
Unexpected
Resists soothing
Pain-like face
Long-lasting

46
Evening
IS MY BABY GETTING ENOUGH BREAST MILK?

The first week is a challenge for many breastfeeding mothers, as they wonder if
their baby is getting enough breast milk, especially as they know their baby is
losing weight (which is normal). Signs that your baby is getting enough breast milk
include :

On day 2, at least 2 wet diapers and 2 bowel movements that are likely
still thick, tarry, and black
On day 3, at least 3 wet diapers and 3 bowel movements, with the BMs
becoming looser and greenish to yellow in color
On day 4, at least 4 wet diapers and 4 yellow, soft and watery bowel
movements
On day 5, at least 5 wet diapers and 5 yellow, loose and seedy bowel
movements.

After losing weight their first three to five days of life, your newborn should start
to gain at least two-thirds of an ounce to one ounce each day. Feed your baby at
least 8 to 12 times a day. Get help if your baby isn't latching on or if you don't feel
like your milk is coming in by the time your baby is three to five days old.

Your pediatrician will help monitor your baby's weight loss/gain at the first visit,
which normally occurs by the time your baby is three to five days old. Keep in
mind that an early checkup for your baby is especially important if your baby went
home from the hospital less than 48 hours after birth. According to the American
Academy of Pediatrics, these babies should be examined by a health professional
within 48 hours of going home.

WHEN WOULD I USE A NIPPLE SHIELD?

Nipple shields are worn over your nipple and areola while you are nursing. Some
situations when they might be helpful include :

Flat nipples
Inverted nipples
Breastfeeding a premature baby

Just remember that they are not for long-term use and should be used under the
supervision of a lactation consultant. The consultant can help you use the nipple
shield properly and fix the underlying breastfeeding problem.

47
WHAT IS BREASTFEEDING JAUNDICE?

Most parents are aware that newborn babies can become jaundiced—getting a
yellow discoloration to their skin and eyes from high levels of bilirubin
(hyperbilirubinemia). They are often surprised to learn that there are different
types of jaundice, including :

Breastfeeding jaundice, jaundice that worsens because of poor breastmilk

supply or inadequate nursing in a baby's first week, which can lead to
dehydration and excessive weight loss. This is a type of physiologic jaundice
that also occurs in formula-fed infants, but may be exaggerated if a baby is
also not nursing well and has lost a lot of weight.
Breast milk jaundice, unlike breastfeeding jaundice, these babies are nursing
well and have mild levels of jaundice that may linger for two or three months.

Whatever the cause, jaundice is not a reason to stop breastfeeding. Instead, work
with your pediatrician and/or a lactation consultant to get your baby
breastfeeding more effectively and improve your breast milk supply. If it becomes
necessary to supplement, talk to your pediatrician about using a lactation aid
instead of a bottle.

SHOULD I STOP BREASTFEEDING IF I AM SICK?

Breastfeeding mothers rarely need to stop breastfeeding when they are sick or
taking some drugs and medications. Exceptions include :

Certain infections, like HIV; untreated, active tuberculosis (okay to pump);

untreated brucellosis; active herpes lesions on the breast (okay to pump); and
mothers who are positive for the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I or II
Drugs of abuse
Chemotherapy
Medications that are dangerous for a breastfeeding baby (find out if there are
alternative drugs that you could take instead)

Simply having a cold, fever, stomach bug, or most other illnesses is not a reason
to stop breastfeeding your baby. It is much more common to have to stop
breastfeeding temporarily because a mother is sick and has to take a medication
that is not safe for a breastfeeding baby. In these cases, mothers may want to
pump and dump to keep their breast milk supply up.

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WHAT IS BREAST COMPRESSION?

Breast compression is a technique that can help your baby get more milk if they
are latched on but not getting enough breast milk. If your baby is not gaining
weight well or is falling asleep while eating, breast compression might be a good
technique to try.

Make sure that your baby is latched on well. Once it seems that your baby isn't
sucking or nursing as well, gently but firmly squeeze your breast and see if the
baby starts drinking again. Stop squeezing when they start sucking, wait a little bit,
and then do it again. A lactation consultant can help you with this technique and
with getting a better latch.

CAN WORKING MOTHERS BREASTFEED?

Yes. You will need a good breast pump, preferably a good quality double electric
pump, along with a private area to pump while at work. You will likely need to
pump two or three times during your workday. You will also need a place to store
pumped breast milk while at work (such as a refrigerator or a small cooler bag).

If you plan to pump at work, talk to your human resources department and review
the supports provided by the Affordable Care Act for mothers who breastfeed
before going back to work.

WHAT CAN I DO ABOUT PEOPLE WHO ARE UNSUPPORTIVE

OF BREASTFEEDING?

It can be challenging to educate those around you who are unsupportive of

breastfeeding. Instead, you might need to find other sources of support, such as :

A breastfeeding support group

A lactation consultant if you need breastfeeding help
A pediatrician
Peer counselor support and other resources at WIC (if you are eligible)

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WHAT ARE SOME COMMON BREASTFEEDING MYTHS?

Common breastfeeding myths include :

You can't breastfeed if you have inverted nipples. You usually can.
You should nurse your baby for 10 minutes on each side. Instead of timing your
feedings, nurse until your baby is done and then switch sides. Timed feedings
can lead to a foremilk/hindmilk imbalance and a gassy baby.
You can't breastfeed if you have had breast surgery. You often can, although
you might want to talk to a lactation consultant before your baby is born.
You can't breastfeed twins or triplets. You can breastfeed multiples.
You shouldn't breastfeed in public. You can and should if it is time to nurse your
baby.
You can't breastfeed if you are pregnant again. You can.
You can't get pregnant if you are breastfeeding. You can.
Dads can't help feed if you are breastfeeding. They can and that doesn't have
to just mean giving a supplemental bottle of pumped milk or formula. There
are other ways for non-breastfeeding partners to help and support their
partners who are breastfeeding.
You have to eliminate a lot of foods from your diet while you are breastfeeding.
You don't.
You can't drink coffee or other caffeinated drinks while nursing. You can, but do
it in moderation, limiting yourself to two or three cups a day.
You can't drink alcohol while nursing. You certainly can't and shouldn't drink
any alcohol while you are pregnant, but an occasional drink (not every day) at
least two hours before you are going to nurse is probably okay.
Breastfeeding at night will lead to cavities once your baby's teeth come in.
There is no established link between breastfeeding and cavities.
Getting a baby's tongue tie clipped will fix all breastfeeding problems. This
procedure can help fix a lot of feeding issues, but not every one.
You will have to stop breastfeeding once your baby gets teeth or bites you. You
don't.
You can't get a flu shot while breastfeeding. You can and you should.

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The world is a better place thanks to people who want to develop and lead others.
What makes it even better are people who share the gift of their time to mentor
future leaders. Thank you for your attention until the end of this pages, it was a
long journey to understand breastfeeding process until now! Breastfeeding has
been practiced over centuries and has been described as one of the other miracles
of nature. Motherhood is not an easy journey. It takes a whole lot of pain and effort
for mothers to keep their children secure. Moms make their babies strong through
the practice of breastfeeding. So, Happy Breastfeeding mommies!

Reach us for more breastfeeding support at :

FB : My Motherhood
IG : mymotherhood.hq

"A newborn baby has only three demands. They are

warmth in the arms of its mother, food from her breasts,
and security in the knowledge of her presence.
Breastfeeding satisfies all three."

- MY MOTHERHOOD -

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