MANAGING TECHNOLOGY

CHANGE AND TRANSFORMATION

MMJT1113

Analysis of S-Curve & Trends of Engineering

System Evolution: Watches Technology
Individual Assignment #4

Syaifuddin Hamzah
MMJ201055
Introduction
In this analysis, we will explore the evolution of watch technologies using the TRIZ

S-Curve framework. By examining the different stages of watch development, we aim

to provide valuable insights on managing technology change and planning for the

future. This analysis could be helpful for smartwatch companies looking for

information and foresight to plan for their upcoming features and products.

The S-Curve analysis will shed light on the indicators, features, and trends that

characterise each stage, allowing the company to anticipate upcoming shifts in the

industry and make informed decisions. From the introduction of innovative concepts

like foldable displays and implantable watches to the emergence of wristwatches and

smartwatches, we will delve into the historical context, potential niches, resource

consumption, and integration of advanced functionalities.

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Furthermore, we will discuss the impact of supersystem changes, such as the decline

of pocket watches and their transition into specialised fields and collector's items. By

undertaking this analysis, the smartwatch company can gain valuable foresight and

better strategise their investments and innovations in the dynamic landscape of watch

technologies.

Stage 1
1. WATCH WITH FOLDABLE DISPLAY

At this stage, watch technologies are advancing towards incorporating foldable

displays, which offer a flexible and expandable screen. Foldable display technology

has already been introduced in smartphones, such as the Samsung Galaxy Fold and

the Huawei Mate X. The transition of this technology to watches would allow for a

larger display area when unfolded, providing enhanced usability and visual

experience.

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2. IMPLANTABLE WATCH

The concept of an implantable watch represents a potential future innovation in

watch technology. While implantable devices are already used in the medical field,

such as implantable cardiac monitors, the development of an implantable watch

would involve significant challenges in terms of miniaturisation, power supply, and

biocompatibility. This stage requires extensive research and technological

advancements to realise the vision of an implantable watch.

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Stage 2
1. INTRODUCTION OF WRISTWATCHES

This stage signifies the introduction of wristwatches, marking a significant shift

from pocket watches. Wristwatches gained popularity during World War I when

soldiers found them more convenient to wear on their wrists rather than carrying

pocket watches. The emergence of wristwatches created numerous potential

niches based on design, functionality, and target markets. This stage also involves

the adoption of new customised resources, such as watch straps, materials, and

manufacturing processes specifically tailored for wristwatches.

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2. INTRODUCTION OF SMARTWATCHES

Smartwatches represent a more recent stage in watch technology, integrating

advanced functionalities beyond traditional timekeeping. Examples of

smartwatches include the Apple Watch, the Samsung Galaxy Watch, and the Fitbit

Versa. Smartwatches offer features like smartphone connectivity, health

monitoring, fitness tracking, app integration, and personalised notifications. This

stage has witnessed widespread adoption across various industries, including

technology, healthcare, and fitness, leading to the mass production of

smartwatches and their availability to a broader consumer base.

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Stage 3
INTRODUCTION OF QUARTZ WATCHES

The introduction of quartz watches revolutionised the watch industry in terms of

accuracy and affordability. Quartz watches employ a quartz crystal oscillator, ensuring

highly precise timekeeping. The development of quartz watches faced initial

resistance from traditional mechanical watch manufacturers, who considered them

inferior. However, the superior accuracy, lower cost, and increased availability of

quartz watches led to widespread adoption and a decline in mechanical watch sales.

This stage demonstrates how technological change can disrupt and redefine an

industry.

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Stage 4
THE END OF THE POCKET WATCH

This stage represents the decline of pocket watches and their transition into

specialised fields and collector's items. With the rise of wristwatches, pocket watches

lost their prominence as the primary timekeeping devices. Today, pocket watches are

often associated with nostalgia, vintage aesthetics, and antique collecting. They find

occasional usage in movies set in historical periods or as fashion accessories for

specific occasions. This stage exemplifies how technological changes can render

certain products obsolete or limited to specific niche markets.

The S-Curve analysis highlights key indicators and features at each stage, such as

potential niches, customised resources, and advanced functionalities. Additionally, it

underscores the impact of supersystem changes, with pocket watches becoming

limited to specialised fields and collectors' items. By leveraging this analysis, the

smartwatch company can plan, forecast, and align their strategies to stay ahead in the

dynamic watch industry, meeting consumer demands and embracing technological

advancements.

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 Analysis of Trends of Engineering System
Evolution for Watches
This section will analyse the trends of Engineering System Evolution for watches,

focusing on only one trend, which is “Increasing Degree of Trimming”.

The trend of increasing degrees of trimming in watch engineering systems

encompasses three sub-trends: Trimming Subsystems, Trimming Operations, and

Trimming Components with the Lowest Value. Let's delve into each sub-trend,

providing detailed examples and exploring the impacts of trimming on watches.

1. TRIMMING SUBSYSTEM

The trimming subsystem focuses on simplifying and refining the overall design and

functionality of watches. Through this trend, unnecessary complexities and redundant

features are eliminated, resulting in a streamlined watch design. Here are three

examples of trimming the subsystem:

1.1. Reduction of Watch Case Thickness

By employing innovative materials and manufacturing techniques,

watchmakers have been able to significantly reduce the thickness of watch

cases. For instance, the introduction of ceramic and titanium cases has allowed

for thinner profiles without compromising durability. This trimming of the

subsystem enhances comfort and aesthetics, making watches more wearable.

1.2. Streamlined Dial Design

Many modern watches feature simplified dial designs with minimalistic

elements. Instead of cluttered and intricate dial layouts, watchmakers opt for

clean and uncluttered designs that focus on essential information such as time

and date. By trimming the subsystem in this way, watches become more legible

and visually appealing.

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 1.3. Integration of Crown Functions

Traditionally, watch crowns were used solely for time adjustment and winding.

However, with the trend of trimming the subsystem, watchmakers have

integrated additional functions into the crown, such as quick-set date

adjustments or rotating bezel controls. This consolidation of functionalities

reduces the need for additional buttons or complications on the watch case.

The impacts of trimming the subsystem include enhanced user experience through

improved comfort, legibility, and functionality. The streamlined design also

contributes to a more modern and fashionable aesthetic, appealing to a broader

consumer base. Furthermore, the elimination of unnecessary components and

features reduces production costs, making watches more accessible to a wider range

of customers.

2. TRIMMING OPERATIONS

Trimming operations focus on optimising the manufacturing and assembly processes

of watches, resulting in improved efficiency and cost savings. Here are three examples

of trimming operations:

2.1. Automated Assembly Lines

The adoption of automated assembly lines allows for precise and efficient

assembly of watch components. Robots and machines handle repetitive tasks,

reducing the risk of human error and increasing production speed. This

trimming operation improves productivity, consistency, and quality control in

the manufacturing process.

2.2. Lean Manufacturing Principles

Watch manufacturers employ lean manufacturing principles to eliminate waste

and streamline operations. By identifying and eliminating non-value-added

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 activities, such as excessive handling or inventory, manufacturers can reduce

costs and improve overall efficiency. This trimming operation optimises

resource utilisation and reduces lead times.

2.3. Advanced Machining Technologies: The use of advanced machining

technologies, such as Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machines and

precision tooling, enables accurate and swift production of watch components.

These technologies trim the production process by reducing machining time,

minimising material waste, and ensuring high precision in component

manufacturing.

The impacts of trimming operations include increased manufacturing efficiency,

reduced costs, and improved product quality. The adoption of automated assembly

lines and lean manufacturing principles streamlines production, resulting in shorter

lead times and better resource utilisation. This, in turn, contributes to cost savings

and allows for competitive pricing of watches without compromising quality.

3. TRIMMING COMPONENTS WITH THE LOWEST VALUE

Trimming components with the lowest value involves identifying and simplifying or

eliminating components that have minimal impact on overall functionality. Here are

three examples of trimming components with the lowest value:

3.1. Integrated Circuits for Multiple Functions

Advances in microelectronics have enabled the integration of multiple functions

into a single chip or module. For example, a single integrated circuit can handle

timekeeping, calendar functions, and sensor data processing, eliminating the

need for separate components. This trimming of components allows for more

compact and efficient watch designs.

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 3.2. Consolidated Fastening Mechanisms

Traditional watches often feature multiple screws or pins for fastening various

components. However, watchmakers have developed innovative fastening

mechanisms, such as spring bars or quick-release systems, which reduce the

number of components needed for assembly. This trimming of components

simplifies the assembly process and enhances overall durability.

3.3. Simplified Clasp Designs

Watch clasps have undergone trimming to improve functionality and user

experience. Many modern watches feature innovative clasp designs, such as

deployant clasps or magnetic closures, which offer secure and convenient

fastening without the need for multiple small components. This trimming of

components simplifies the wearing and adjustment processes.

The impact of trimming components with the lowest value is evident in the improved

efficiency, reliability, and aesthetics of watches. Simplified and integrated components

enhance the overall durability and functionality of watches while reducing the risk of

component failure or damage. Additionally, the trimming of components allows for

more versatile and compact watch designs, accommodating various styles and user

preferences.

The trend of increasing degrees of trimming in watch engineering systems

encompasses the trimming subsystem, trimming operations, and trimming

components with the lowest value. Through these sub-trends, watches benefit from

streamlined designs, optimised manufacturing processes, and simplified components.

The impacts of trimming include an enhanced user experience, cost savings, improved

reliability, and the ability to incorporate advanced features into compact and

fashionable watch designs. By embracing this trend, watch manufacturers can stay

competitive, meet evolving consumer demands, and drive innovation in the watch

industry.

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 References

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Dewey, D. (2014). “The history of watches”. New York, NY: DK Publishing.

Huang, Y., & Teng, J. T. (2015). “The evolution of the mechanical watch industry: A

complex adaptive systems perspective”. International Journal of Production

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Knoop, J. N. (2015). “The watch: A cultural history”. London, UK: Reaktion Books.

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