1 ENGG. PHYSICS PRACTICAL First/Second Semester ‘ i. ie , le of Minimum Deviation The angle betWeen the incident fay ahd the emergent ray, when angle og is equal to theangle of emergence, is called angle of minimum deviation. Itis represented of Incidence : The angle (i) between incident ray and normal tothe interface is angle of incidence. le of Emergence : The angle (@) between emergent ray and normal to the interface is called angle emergence. re Angle : The angle between incident ray and the interface of refracting surface of prism is called se angle ingle of Prism : The angle between the transparent plane faces. ‘rom the theory of Prism, we have 2D = Zi+ Ze ZA , Where, D : angle of deviation, angle of incidence, ingle of emergence and A: angle of Prism. hen, 2i= Ze then D = Dp, the angle of minimum deviation is as : Dm =2i-A A+D, 7. But, When 2i= Ze, then angle of refraction is as : 4r = A/2 ding to Snell's Law, we have p= 5! DURE : the white paper sheet on the drawing board using the fixing pins. a straight line on the middle of the paper covering the entire length of the paper. ‘outlines of Prism seven times with litle gap between two figures along this line as in the given figure. ‘Draw seven inclined lines to the seven figures making angle 30, 35, 40, 45°, 50°, 55° and 60". These 1S serve as incident rays and these incident angles are (90 -30)', (90-40), ... (90 - 60)". These Jines are drawn quite apart and at equal distance in order to give good apperance. ‘Now, place the prism on one figure and fix two heair pins on the inclined line (incident ray) Fix two more pins on the other side of the prism in such a way that the feet of these two pins and the image of the feet of the pins fixed on the incident ray appear to lie ina straight line. The straight line joining these two pins behaves as emergent ray. |. Follow this procedure for the rest of the six figures. a, Remove the prism and produce the incident and emergent rays as shown in the figure. b. Mark and measure the angle of deviation in each figure. i. Note the observations in a table. j. Plota graph between the angle of incidence ‘i’ along X-axis and angle of deviation ‘D' along Y-axis. k. Determine angle of minimum deviation from the graph. i PROCEDURAL STEPS FOR DETERMINATION OF ANGLE OF PRISM (A) : a. Fixanother white paper sheet on the drawing board. Draw two parallel straight lines and the prism is put on its outline as shown in the figure. HASHr BSP101 ENGG. PHYSICS PRACTICAL First/Second ». PQistaken as the incidentray by puting two pins and its reflected rayon the face “AB's found out © Then on the other straight line P; Q, is taken as thélincident ray by puiting two pins P; and Q,, reflected ray on the face. ‘AC’ is found out as RS. G. The reflected rays RS and R;S; are produced backwards to meet at O. The angle is 2A. e. Repeat the above procedure thrice to get three values of 2A as shown in the figure and calcul value of ‘A’. £ While doing the experiment to find the critical angle the pins are put just when the image is vanish and not afterit has already vanished. OBSERVATION TABLE : q DETERMINATION OF ANGLE OF PRISM (A) Noot 2a Mean value of Ain Observation indegrees 2Ain degrees degrees ! 01 : 02 03 DETERMINATION OF ANGLE OF MINIMUM DEVIATION (D,,) - Base Angle Angleot | Angie of ae ears incidence) devation (0) “devon (On in degree in degree degree from 01 30° 02 35° Bl 1 03 40° i] oa 45° 05 50° Sg ee 06 55° = he 4 07 60° CALCULATION : Prana ‘The mean value of angle of Prism A= The angle of minimum deviation A+D, 3 Refractive index » = M201