DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM DIGITAL ASSIGNMENT 21BEC0499

TASK 2

Experiment 1

DPCM DECODER AND ENCODER

Theory –

1. DPCM encoder predicts the next sample in an analog signal by estimating the difference between the current
sample and the predicted value based on the previous sample(s).

2. The difference between the predicted and actual samples, known as the prediction error, is quantized and
encoded using fewer bits compared to PCM, resulting in a more efficient representation of the signal.

3. DPCM decoder reconstructs the original analog signal by utilizing the encoded prediction error and the
predicted values generated by the decoder.

4. By exploiting the correlation between consecutive samples, DPCM achieves higher compression ratios and
reduced bit rates compared to PCM, while maintaining acceptable signal quality.

5. DPCM techniques find applications in various fields, including audio and video compression, where efficient
representation and transmission of analog signals are crucial for bandwidth optimization and storage efficiency.

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Circuit Diagram – Block Diagram

Experiment Setup -

1.Implement DPCM encoding and compare it with PCM (using same Setup in previous slide) and show how many
bits are reduced per sample in DPCM.

2. Implement DPCM encoding (using same Setup in previous slide) but change the sample period in Sine wave
block form zero (0) with (1/1000; 1/10000; 1/100000) and write the inference from them.

3. Implement DPCM decoder

Sinewave:

1. Amplitude: 5V
2. Freq: 2*pi*2
3. Pulse Generator:
4. Amplitude: 5V
5. Period:1/40
6. Quantized Interval: 0.5
7. Number of Levels: 8

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Part 1 – Question 1

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Part 2 – Question 2

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Part 3 – Question 3

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TASK 2

Experiment 1

Delta Modulation DECODER AND ENCODER

Theory –

1. Delta modulation encoder approximates the analog signal by quantizing the difference between the current
sample and the previous sample, known as the delta, into a binary value representing the sign of the difference.

2. The binary values are then transmitted as the encoded signal, resulting in a simplified representation with
reduced data size compared to PCM or DPCM.

3. Delta modulation decoder reconstructs the analog signal by utilizing the encoded binary values and the previous
decoded sample.

4. The decoder adjusts the reconstructed signal by adding or subtracting the delta value based on the encoded
binary value, resulting in an approximation of the original analog signal.

5. Delta modulation techniques offer a simple implementation, low complexity, and efficient utilization of
bandwidth, making them suitable for applications with low to moderate signal quality requirements, such as voice
communication and low-rate data transmission.

Experimental Setup

1.Implement DM encoding and compare it with PCM, DPCM (using same Setup in previous slide) and portray the
significance of every method.

2. Implement DM encoding (using same Setup in previous slide) but change the sample period in Sine wave block
to zero and write the inference from them.

3. Implement DM decoder

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