Nov 21 QP

N21/4/DESTE/HP3/ENG/TZ0/XX
Design technology
Higher level
Paper 3
Wednesday 10 November 2021 (afternoon)

Candidate session number
1 hour 30 minutes
Instructions to candidates
y Write your session number in the boxes above.
y Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
y Answer all of the questions.
y Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided.
y A calculator is required for this paper.
y The maximum mark for this examination paper is [40 marks].
8821 – 6204
13 pages © International Baccalaureate Organization 2021
16EP01
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Section A
Answer all questions. Answers must be written within the answer boxes provided.
1. Crocs is a company that designs and manufactures comfortable and functional shoes, see
Figure 1.
Crocs aims to develop sustainable processes and practices in the design and manufacture of
their products.
Each year Crocs publishes a sustainability report. The infographic in Figure 2 shows an
overview of that report.
Figure 1: Crocs products
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16EP02
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(Question 1 continued)
Figure 2: Infographic of a sustainability report
SUSTAINABILITY
REPORT
Sustainability is embedded in our culture, and we are always striving to improve. We
believe that innovation can go a long way toward making the world a better and more
comfortable place.
56 Crocs are sold in more than
million
pairs sold in 2014
and over
90 countries
with the help of more than
300+
million sold to date
4,900 employees worldwide
Introduced a formal rubber recycling

program at factories in Asia
1.5kWh of energy used to make one
150+
pair of Crocs™ shoes
7
audits conducted at our of Croslite™ material in each
manufacturers to ensure On average: pair of shoes comes from reused
Crocs’ Social Compliance % scrap material
Code of Conduct
Turn over
16EP03
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(a) List two ways that Quality Assurance (QA) contributes to quality management. [2]
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(b) Outline how decoupling contributes to Crocs sustainable policies and practices. [2]
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(c) Outline one reason why Crocs would use lean production to help meet their
sustainability goals. [2]
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(d) Explain the benefits of sustainability reporting for manufacturers such as Crocs. [4]
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Please do not write on this page.
Answers written on this page

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16EP06
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2. Sir James Dyson is a British inventor and innovator, industrial designer and founder of
Dyson Ltd. He is best known as the inventor of the Dual Cyclone bagless vacuum cleaner.
In 2018, Dyson Ltd reported profits of US$1420 million and a turnover of US$4400 million.
Dyson’s products are on average 30 % more expensive than similar products.
James Dyson says his products change the user experience because they perform better
than competing products.
Dyson’s innovations have also influenced other companies who sell in the same market.
Figure 3 shows the Samsung Powerstick which was based on the Dyson V7, see Figure 4.
Figure 3: Samsung Powerstick Figure 4: Dyson V7
(a) Outline one reason why Dyson Ltd would use computer integrated manufacturing (CIM). [2]
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16EP07
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(b) Outline one reason why some consumers purchase Dyson products even though they
are on average 30 % more expensive than their competitors. [2]
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(c) Outline one reason why Dyson’s competitors have adopted an imitative strategy in the
development of their products. [2]
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(d) Explain why large companies such as Dyson Ltd are likely to adopt a pioneering strategy. [4]
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Section B
Read the case study. Answer the following question. Answers must be written within the answer boxes
provided.
3. Clinatec, a French biomedical research centre, and the University of Grenoble have recently
developed a device. This has enabled a patient, known as Thibault, to move all four of his
paralysed limbs with a mind-controlled exoskeleton, see Figure 5.
Thibault trained for months in a usability lab using his brain signals to control
a computer-simulated avatar to perform basic movements before using the robot device
to walk. Scientists described the trial results as a “major breakthrough”.
The designers at Clinatec used a range of user-centred design (UCD) strategies in the
development of the exoskeleton. This enabled them to gain a complete understanding of the
needs of the users, tasks and environments, see Figure 6 and Figure 7.
Figure 5: Thibault walks using the exoskeleton
16EP10
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Figure 6: A model showing the Figure 7: A multidisciplinary team

implant on Thibault’s brain of experts working with Thibault
(a) Outline one advantage of testing the exoskeleton in a usability lab. [2]
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(b) Outline one reason why learnability is an important usability objective. [2]
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16EP11
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(c) Outline one reason why registered designs are used to protect intellectual property (IP). [2]
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(d) The exoskeleton is a very complex design and required the development of mechanical
and electronic systems for it to function successfully.
Suggest how the exoskeleton may be developed into a product family. [5]
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(e) Explain why Clinatec have used multidisciplinary teams, observation and personae as
part of the development of the exoskeleton. [9]
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16EP13
References:
Figure 1 [Different Crocs products] n.d. [image online] Available at: <https://www.crocs.co.uk/> [Accessed 10 September
2020].
Figure 2 SGB Media, 2015. Crocs Releases 2014 Sustainability Report. [image online] Available at: <https://sgbonline.
com/crocs-releases-2014-sustainability-report/> [Accessed 10 September 2020]. source adapted.
Question 2 Statista, 2020. Annual revenue of Dyson Ltd worldwide from 2010 to 2018. [online] Available at: <https://www.
statista.com/statistics/746505/worldwide-dyson-annual-revenue/> [Accessed 28 September 2020]. source
adapted.
Eileen Yu, 2019. Dyson 2018 profit breaks $1B, to move global HQ to Singapore. [online] Available at : <https://
www.zdnet.com/article/dyson-2018-profit-breaks-1b-to-move-global-hq-to-singapore/> [Accessed 28 September
2020]. source adapted.
Figure 3 [Samsung’s Powerstick Jet cordless vacuum] 2019. [image online] Available at: <https://www.which.co.uk/
news/2019/11/samsungs-powerstick-jet-cordless-vacuum-mops-too-can-it-rival-dyson/> [Accessed 10 September
2020].
Figure 4 [Dyson V7 Motorhead Extra Cordless Vacuum] 2019. [image online] Available at: <https://hip2save.
com/2019/07/12/dyson-v7-motorhead-extra-cordless-stick-vacuum-only-249-shipped-regularly-399/> [Accessed
10 September 2020].
Question 3 France-Presse, A., 2019. Paralysed man walks using mind-controlled exoskeleton. [online] Available at: <https://
www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/04/paralysed-man-walks-using-mind-controlled-exoskeleton?fbclid=IwA
R0hvf9M6PbmHwSabH7NBowfTR3IpV_AL0CVI2rYnxPO2zqkc53Hd4ssz7I> [Accessed 28 September 2020].
source adapted.
Gallagher, J., 2019. Paralysed man moves in mind-reading exoskeleton. [online] Available at: <https://www.bbc.
com/news/health-49907356> [Accessed 28 September 2020]. source adapted.
Figure 5 [Thibalut walks using the exoskeleton] 2019. [image online] Available at: <https://www.theguardian.com/
world/2019/oct/04/paralysed-man-walks-using-mind-controlled-exoskeleton?fbclid=IwAR0hvf9M6PbmHwSabH7N
BowfTR3IpV_AL0CVI2rYnxPO2zqkc53Hd4ssz7I> [Accessed 28 September 2020]. source adapted.
Figure 6 [Exoskeleton implants] 2019. [image online] Available at: <https://www.bbc.com/news/health-49907356>

[Accessed 28 September 2020].
Figure 7 [Thibault in an exoskeleton suit] 2019. [image online] Available at: <https://www.bbc.com/news/health-49907356>
[Accessed 28 September 2020]. source adapted.
16EP14

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16EP15

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16EP16

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N21/4/DESTE/HP3/ENG/TZ0/XX

Wednesday 10 November 2021 (afternoon)

Figure 1: Crocs products

(This question continues on the following page)

Figure 2: Infographic of a sustainability report

56 Crocs are sold in more than

Introduced a formal rubber recycling

1.5kWh of energy used to make one

(This question continues on the following page)

(This question continues on the following page)

Please do not write on this page.

Answers written on this page

Figure 3: Samsung Powerstick Figure 4: Dyson V7

(This question continues on the following page)

(This question continues on the following page)

Figure 5: Thibault walks using the exoskeleton

(This question continues on the following page)

Figure 6: A model showing the Figure 7: A multidisciplinary team

(This question continues on the following page)

(This question continues on the following page)

Figure 6 [Exoskeleton implants] 2019. [image online] Available at: <https://www.bbc.com/news/health-49907356>

Answers written on this page

Answers written on this page

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